2023届高考英语二轮复习天津高考英语阅读理解训练作业含答案

这是一份2023届高考英语二轮复习天津高考英语阅读理解训练作业含答案，共36页。

阅读理解
While you may be doing everything right, ignoring just one or two steps in the process may keep you from getting a job, especially in this fierce market. Here is a checklist that covers some of the major links in the job-search chain.
THE RESUME—Make sure it is up-to-date and tailored to the types of jobs you are seeking for. Have someone else look at your resume. If you cannot afford a career coach, give your resume to friends or family members to scrutinize. Have copies of your resume printed so that you are ready to hand them out at interviews.
COVERING LETTERS—Maybe you’ve set up a few basic styles in advance, but that’s not enough. Each covering letter should be designed to suit the job for which you are applying.
THE WARDROBE(衣橱)—Check your wardrobe to ensure that you have the appropriate professional dress, including shoes, ready for interview.
NETWORKING—Don’t isolate yourself from others. Network through e-mail messages, phone calls, appointments and meetings keep you in touch with the outside world and prevent you from becoming depressed.
APPLICATION—A glance at huge online job sites isn’t usually the best way to find a job. You are more likely to succeed through the people you know via networking.
INTERVIEWS—If you’ve got plenty of interviews but no return calls or job offers, take a look at your interviewing skills. This is one area where investing in a career coach may pay off. But if you can’t afford one, try to find a job group or service that conducts free mock(模拟) interviews.
SUPPORT SYSTEMS—Finally, recognize that looking for job is rather difficult. Even at the best of times, a job hunt is often about rejection, and that can be hard to endure. Staying in touch with family, friends, professional networks and fellow job seekers can help you to maintain a positive attitude and a sense of perspective.
1．The author’s purpose of writing this text is to ________.
A．suggest graduates should find suitable jobs
B．give people some tips on searching for jobs
C．tell people how to improve their interview skills
D．teach people how to get ready for an interview
2．Which of the following methods is NOT true according to the text?
A．You should have your resume read by your friends after finishing it.
B．You should create different covering letters for the different jobs you apply for.
C．Searching online is the most effective way to look for a job.
D．You should wear appropriate professional clothes and shoes for the interview.
3．What should you do if you don’t receive any calls after lots of interviews?
A．Carefully review your interviewing skills.
B．Ask a fellow job seeker to help you.
C．Rewrite your resume as soon as possible.
D．Go to the managers’ offices to find out why.
4．It is implied in the text that ________.
A．people often pay no attention to writing their resume
B．the interview is the most difficult step for interviewees
C．a career coach often offers free mock interviews to interviewees
D．your social network may help you a lot in your job hunt

One of our biggest fears nowadays is that our kids might someday get lost in a “sea of technology” rather than experiencing the natural world. Fear-producing TV and computer games are leading to a serious disconnect between kids and the great outdoors, which will change the wild places of the world, its creatures and human health for the worse, unless adults get working on child’s play.
Each of us has a place in nature we go sometimes, even if it was torn down. We cannot be the last generation to have that place. At this rate, kids who miss the sense of wonder outdoors will not grow up to be protectors of natural landscapes. “If the decline in parks use continues across North America, who will defend parks against encroachment (蚕食)?” asks Richard Louv, author of Last Child in the Woods.
Without having a nature experience, kids, can turn out just fine, but they are missing out a huge enrichment of their lives. That applies to everything from their physical health and mental health, to stress levels, creativity and cognitive (认知的) skills. Experts predict modern kids will have poorer health than their parents — and they say a lack of outside play is surely part of it; research suggests that kids do better academically in schools with a nature component and that play in nature fosters (培养) leadership by the smartest, not by the toughest. Even a tiny outdoor experience can create wonder in a child. The three-year-old turning over his first rock realizes he is not alone in the world. A clump of trees on the roadside can be the whole universe in his eyes. We really need to value that more.
Kids are not responsible. They are over-protected and frightened. It is dangerous out there from time to time, but repetitive stress from computers is replacing breaking an arm as a childhood rite (仪式) of passage.
Everyone, from developers, to schools and outdoor citizens, should help regain for our kids some of the freedom and joy of exploring, taking friendship in fields and woods that cement love, respect and need for landscape. As parents, we should devote some of our energies to taking our kids into nature. This could yet be our greatest cause.
5．The main idea of Paragraph 2 is that ________.
A．kids miss the sense of wonder outdoors
B．parks are in danger of being gradually encroached
C．Richard Louv is the author of Last Child in the Woods
D．children are expected to develop into protectors of nature
6．According to the passage, children without experiencing nature will ________.
A．keep a high sense of wonder
B．be over-protected by their parents
C．be less healthy both physically and mentally
D．change wild places and creatures for the better
7．According to the author, children’s breaking an arm is ________.
A．the fault on the part of their parents
B．the natural experience in their growing up
C．the result of their own carelessness in play
D．the effect of their repetitive stress from computers
8．What does the underlined word “cement” in the last paragraph mean?
A．Strengthen. B．Enrich. C．Spread. D．Present.
9．In writing this passage, the author mainly intends to ________.
A．blame children for getting lost in computer games
B．encourage children to protect parks from encroachment
C．show his concern about children’s lack of experience in nature
D．inspire children to keep the sense of wonder about things around

Taste is such a subjective matter that we don’t usually conduct preference tests for food. The most you can say about anyone’s preference is that it’s one person’s opinion. But because the two big cola companies-Coca-Cola and Pepsi Cola-are marketed so aggressively, we’ve wondered how big a role taste preference actually plays in brand loyalty. We set up a taste test that challenged people who identified themselves as either Coca-cola or Pepsi fans: Find your brand in a blind tasting.
We invited staff volunteers who had a strong liking for either Coca-Cola Classic or Pepsi, Diet Coke, or Diet Pepsi. These were people who thought they’d have no trouble telling their brand from the other brand.
We eventually located 19 regular cola drinkers and 27 diet cola drinkers. Then we fed them with four unidentified samples of cola one at a time, regular colas for the one group, diet versions for the other. We asked them to tell us whether each sample was Coke or Pepsi; then we analyzed the records statistically to compare the participants’ choices with what mere guesswork could have accomplished.
Getting all four samples right was a tough test, but not too tough, we thought, for people who believed they could recognize their brand. In the end, only 7 out of 19 regular cola drinkers correctly identified their brand of choice in all four trials. The diet-cola drinkers did a little worse-only 7 out of 27 identified all four samples correctly.
Both groups did better than chance would predict, but nearly half the participants in each group made the wrong choice two or more times. Two people got all four samples wrong. Overall, half the participants did about as well on the last round of tasting as on the first, so tiredness, or taste burnout, was not a factor. Our preference test results suggest that only a few Pepsi participants and Coke fans may really be able to tell their favorite brand by taste and price.
10．According to the passage the preference test was conducted in order to ______.
A．reveal which cola is more to the liking of the drinkers
B．show that a person’s opinion about taste is mere guesswork
C．find out the role taste preference plays in a person’s drinking
D．compare the ability of the participants in choosing their drinks
11．The statistics recorded in the preference tests show that ______.
A．people’s tastes differ from one another
B．few people had trouble telling Coca-Cola from Pepsi
C．Coca-Cola and Pepsi are people’s two most favorite drinks
D．there is not much difference in taste between Coca-Cola and Pepsi
12．It is implied in the first paragraph that ______.
A．blind tasting is necessary for identifying fans
B．the competition between the two colas is very strong
C．the purpose of taste test is to promote the sale of colas
D．the improvement of quality is the chief concern of the two cola companies
13．The underlined word “burnout” here refers to the state of ______.
A．being badly damaged by fire
B．being seriously burnt in the skin
C．being unable to burn for lack of fuel
D．being unable to function because of too much use
14．The author’s purpose in writing this passage is to ______.
A．show that taste preference is highly subjective
B．argue that taste testing is an important marketing strategy
C．emphasize that taste and price are closely related to each other
D．recommend that blind tasting be introduced in the quality control of colas

“I don’t want to write a story about girls! I don’t know anything about girls,” Louisa May Alcott told her publisher, Mr. Niles. But she was desperate for money. She seemed to be the only one in her family who could make any money. Niles had asked her to write about something she knew, instead of the romantic adventure stories she had been writing. “So I plod away,” Alcott wrote, “though I don’t enjoy this sort of thing.” It was 1867, and the horrible Civil War was over. Now Alcott could turn her energy to making money.
Alcott wrote a simple story of life in her family, their pillow fights on Saturday nights and the amateur (业余的) plays they performed. “Our experiences may prove interesting, though I doubt it.” (“Good joke,” she wrote years later.) Her book described her days growing up with four sisters in a family that had no money. She sketched (勾画) a loving mother who took time to be interested in each child, and she told of the death of a beloved sister. She portrayed her family and friends in her book Little Women. Finally, in July of 1868, she finished writing. With a sigh and a headache, she sent off all 102 handwritten pages of her book.
Niles thought the book was dull, and so did Alcott. But when she received her copies of the book, Alcott thought it seemed better than expected. “Not a bit sensational,” she wrote, “but simple and true. We really lived most of it.” Niles asked some girls to read Little Women, and they loved it.
In three months, all the copies of Little Women had sold. It was already time to print more books! Niles thought he could sell three or four hundred more copies. “An honest publisher and a lucky author made a dull book into a golden egg for an ugly duckling,” Alcott wrote in 1885. Later, with a great sigh of relief, she was able to write, “Paid off all the debts! Now I feel that I could die in peace. If my head holds out, I’ll do all I once hoped to do.”
15．Which of the following would be used to describe Alcott’s book?
A．Magic. B．Funny. C．Boring. D．Skillful.
16．In which order did the following happen?
a. Alcott began writing Little Women
b. Niles asked Alcott to write about girls
c. Alcott wrote romantic adventure stories
d. Alcott performed plays with her sisters
e. Niles was not pleased with Alcott’s work.
A．a, b, e, d, c B．d, c, a, b, e C．c, b, e, d, a D．d, c, e, b, a
17．When she handed her first writing in, Niles was ______.
A．sure of her success B．happy about her work
C．unsatisfied with the work D．unpleased with the publisher
18．Alcott took up writing as a job due largely to ______.
A．love B．interest C．poverty D．encouragement
19．We learn from the story that, after Little Women sold out, ______.
A．Alcott paid off all her bills
B．Alcott wrote another book
C．some girls started to read the book
D．Niles published hundreds of books girls liked

If a business wants to sell its products internationally, it had better do some market research first. This is a lesson that some large American corporations have learned in the hard way.
What’s in the name?
Sometimes the problem is the name. When General Motors introduced its Chevy Nova into Latin America, it overlooked the fact that Nova in Spanish means “It doesn’t go”. Sure enough, the Chevy Nova never went anywhere in Latin America.
Translation problems
Sometimes it is the slogan that doesn’t work. No company knows this better than Pepsi-Cola, with its “Come alive with Pepsi!” campaign. The campaign was so successful in the United States that Pepsi translated its slogan literally (按字面意思的) for its international campaign. As it turned out, the translations were not quite right. Pepsi was begging Germans to “Come out of the grave” and telling the Chinese that “Pepsi brings your ancestors back from the grave.”
A picture is worth a thousand words
Other times, the problem involves packaging. A picture of a smiling baby has helped sell countless jars of Gerber baby food. When Gerber started selling baby food in Africa, they used the same packaging as in the US, with the smiling baby on the label. Later they learned that in African countries, the picture on the jar shows what the jar has in it, for many people there can’t read.
Twist of fate
Even culture and religious factors and pure coincidence can be involved. Thorn McAn shoes have a Thorn McAn “signature” inside. To people in Bangladesh, which is a Muslim country, this signature looked like Arabic script for the word Allah. In that country, feet are considered unclean, and Muslims felt the company was offending God’s name by having people walk on it.
20．From the text we learn that ______.
A．Chevy Nova was brought in Latin America
B．General Motors did the best market research of all companies
C．the “Come alive with Pepsi” campaign worked well in the US
D．Pepsi still sold well in China owing to the translation problems
21．What was Gerber’s problem?
A．The picture on the jar. B．Cultural factor.
C．Religious factor. D．A translation problem.
22．For what reason were Thorn McAn shoes turned down in Bangladesh?
A．They are not designed attractively.
B．Their advertisements are not persuasive.
C．Problem for Thorn McAn was the company’s name.
D．A signature looking like the word Allah was in the shoes.
23．The intended readers of the passage are ______.
A．product advertisers B．market researchers
C．managers of Sales Department D．businesses to promote products abroad
24．What does the text mainly tell us?
A．The importance of packaging B．The importance of market research.
C．How to make use of advertisements. D．Lessons from some large corporations.

The turning point of my life was my decision to give up a promising business career and study music. My parents, although sympathetic, and sharing my love of music, disapproved of it as a profession. This was understandable in view of the family background. My grandfather had taught music for nearly forty years. Though much beloved and respected in the community, he earned barely enough to provide for his large family. As a consequence of this example in the family, the very mention of music as a profession carried with it a picture of a risky existence with uncertain financial rewards. My parents insisted on college instead of a music school, and to college I went-quite happily, as I remember, for although I loved my violin and spent most of my spare time practicing, I had many other interests.
Before my graduation from college, the family met with severe financial reverses and I felt it my duty to leave college and take a job. Thus was I launched upon a business career—which I always think of as the wasted years. Now I do not for a moment mean to disparage (贬低) business. My whole point is that it was not for me. I went into it for money, and aside from the satisfaction of being able to help the family, money is all I got out of it. It was not enough. I felt that life was passing me by.
I continued to make money, and finally, bit by bit, accumulated enough to enable me to go abroad to study music. I resigned from my position and, feeling like a man released from jail, sailed for Europe. I stayed four years, worked harder than I had ever dreamed of working before and enjoyed every minute of it. “Enjoyed” is too mild a word. I walked on air. I really lived. I was a free man and I was doing what I loved to do and what I was meant to do.
If I had stayed in business, I might be a comparatively wealthy man today, but I do not believe I would have made a success of living. I would have given up all those inner satisfactions that money can never buy.
25．The writer’s parents didn’t want him to take a music career mainly because .
A．the writer didn’t show much talent in playing music
B．college was a much better option than a music school
C．it seemed an unstable and financially-challenged profession
D．the living conditions of the writer’s parents weren’t good enough
26．What can be learned about the writer’s experience of college?
A．The writer enjoyed the fruitful college life
B．The writer dropped out before graduation.
C．The writer kept playing the violin every day.
D．The writer went to college unwillingly.
27．What was the most important thing the writer achieved from his business career?
A．A sense of belonging
B．A considerable fortune
C．The satisfaction of helping others
D．The pride of being a wealthy man.
28．What does the underlined sentence I walked on air. in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．I was interviewed by a broadcaster. B．My music was alive on broadcast.
C．I felt very relaxed indeed D．I was extremely excited
29．What message does the passage mainly convey?
A．Being able to do what one loves is the best kind of life.
B．A success of living depends on one’s adaption to life.
C．One should think twice before he/she makes a decision.
D．Ups and downs make one even stronger.

Monarch butterflies migrate (迁徙) by the millions each year, making the trip from northern areas of the Continent to California and Mexico and back. Because most butterflies only live for a few weeks to a few months, it takes several generations of butterflies to complete the migration
As monarch butterflies are a threatened species with their population numbers in decline, Patrick Guerra, an assistant professor at the University of Cincinnati, and his colleagues wanted to see what types of environmental stress might be linked to their decline.
“We use monarch butterflies as a model system to understand long-distance animal migration. Our goal was to understand how environmental stress, such as different types of stress caused by urbanization, impacts animal migratory phenomena,” Guerra says.
For their study, researchers conducted lab studies where they reproduced the effects of artificial light pollution with butterflies using a flight simulator (模拟器).
“The flight simulator is like a butterfly treadmill (跑步机), in which we can study the flight behavior of insects in controlled, experimental conditions. We first tested if monarchs treated a single, artificial light source as if it were the actual sun during the day,” Guerra says.
“Once we established that they did, we then tested how the monarchs would behave when exposed to this same artificial light source during their night.”
Butterflies stayed quiet and unmoving when they were first placed in the flight simulator in the dark. But as soon as scientists turned on the light, they started flying. The light made them believe that night was day and this can cause them to fly longer at night or start flying too early.
The study has found that the internal circadian (昼夜) clock of butterflies functions normally when they are exposed to natural day night lighting cycles, but artificial light, such as a streetlight, at night can throw off a monarch butterfly’s internal compass. It can affect their circadian rhythms, which can make the monarch butterflies get lost when they try to fly the next day. This shows without darkness, the circadian clock of butterflies cannot function properly.
“When exposed to artificial light, the light can perturb the normal functioning of the animal’s circadian clock,” Guerra says. “Light pollution, particularly nighttime light pollution, causes animals to experience light at a time when they are not supposed to, e.g., at night when they are normally in the dark, and are at rest. Exposure to such light can prevent the behavior and biological process of animals which they rely on or that are regulated by the circadian clock.”
30．Why did the researchers carry out the study?
A．To look for the reason for butterflies’ migration
B．To test what action should be taken to protect butterflies.
C．To know about the circadian rhythms of migratory animals.
D．To find out how the environmental stress affects animal migration.
31．What can we learn from the lab studies?
A．The monarchs mistook a single, artificial light as the actual sun during the day.
B．The Butterflies moved quietly when first placed in the flight simulator in the dark
C．The monarchs got lost in direction when the light in the flight simulator was on.
D．The Butterflies were never at rest when they are exposed to the light.
32．What conclusion can be drawn from the experiment?
A．Natural light contributes much to pollution
B．Migratory animals often lose their way,
C．Light pollution is increasingly serious
D．Darkness is vital to migratory animals.
33．What docs the underlined word “perturb” in Paragraph 9 probably mean?
A．Stop B．Disturb. C．Reflect D．Enhance.
34．What could be the best title for the passage?
A．Light pollution can interfere with butterfly migration
B．Efforts are made to save the endangered monarch butterflies.
C．Butterflies’ circadian cycle is revealed in research.
D．Human activity impacts the rest of nature negatively.

Choosing a major is one of the biggest decisions you’ll make while you’re in college. It’s important that you make your choice confidently and after some consideration
There’s Nothing Wrong With Being “Undecided”. Between 20% and 50% of college freshmen enter school without a declared major. Keep in mind that there’s nothing wrong with remaining “undecided” or “undeclared” for the first few years of your college career. You can use this time to decide what you’re interested in. Also, keep in mind that even if you do declare a major your freshman year, you can always change your mind. About one-third of first-time college students change their major within three years. Even more, over 60% of college graduates say they would go back and change their major if they could, primarily to pursue their passion areas and expand their job opportunities.
Explore Your Passions and Abilities. Set aside some time to really explore your passions and take stock of your unique abilities. With an undeclared major to start, you can take time to really delve deep into what interests you. Join clubs around campus to connect with fellow students who share your interests. Take electives in areas that you might not otherwise have an opportunity to experience. For example, when else might you be able to take a poetry course or an art history seminar? College is the perfect time to step out of your box and expand your horizons. As a student with an undeclared major, you’re uniquely positioned to do just that.
Consider Employment Opportunities. While it’s important to choose a major that interests you, it’s also critical to choose a college major that will provide you with future employment opportunities. Statistically, the college majors that tend to have the most earning power are in STEM. These majors might include health sciences or computer engineering. Business majors can also expect a higher than average earning potential. That being said, employers frequently recognize that graduates who majored in the liberal arts have valuable soft skills, too, including strong communication, written and verbal skills, and leadership abilities. The key is to pick a major that will be marketable for the career you’re interested in pursuing.
Talk to an Academic Advisor. If you need a little guidance, set up an appointment with an academic advisor or career counselors. Career development counselors and academic advisors can help you narrow down your options. If you have an idea of what classes you’ve most enjoyed and what career paths are most appealing to you, working with one of these professionals might be the final push you need to pick a major.
Still have some doubts now? You can submit your questions Here.
35．What can we learn from the 2nd paragraph?
A．Most graduates went back to college and changed their majors for a brighter future.
B．Some students frequently change their majors throughout their college years
C．It is all right to remain undecided on majors for only the freshman year.
D．You don’t necessarily need to declare your majors upon entering college.
36．You are advised to take electives as described in the 3rd paragraph because .
A．the courses and seminars are popular with college students
B．it helps you fully explore where your interest lies
C．you can share your common interest with your fellow students
D．your major lies in the areas, you can’t miss them
37．An example of having good soft skills is that .
A．you express yourself well in a controversial business discussion
B．you fix the technical problems of computers in your office easily
C．you quickly figure out why the communication equipment doesn’t work
D．you never delegate but shoulder more of the workload at work
38．Which of the following statements is False?
A．Your major should be a reflection of your interests and career goals.
B．Choose a major that will give you future employment opportunities.
C．An academic advisor or career counselors will decide the major for you.
D．You should choose your major carefully and confidently.
39．Which of the following is the passage probably taken from?
A．A high school newspaper. B．A website page
C．A university guide D．A popular magazine.

When you feel thankful for things you’ve received or something that’s happened, that’s gratitude. It’s impossible to feel it in a vacuum; others are always responsible, whether they’re loved ones, strangers or a higher power. “Gratitude is how you relate to others, when you see yourself in connection with things larger than yourself” says Willibald Ruch, a psychology professor at the University of Zurich.
Nowadays, too many people don’t stop to appreciate what they have, and much less express gratitude. Our instant-satisfaction lifestyle may be to blame. “With commercial and social media, everything is speeding the younger generation to make them feel that they’re the centre of the universe,” says Tamiko Zablith, founder of the London-based etiquette consulting firm Minding Manners. “If it’s all about them, why thank others?”
However, studies have shown that people who express gratitude increase their happiness levels, lower their blood-pressure levels, get better-quality sleep, improve their relationships, have a positive impact on their depression levels and are less affected by pain. And gratitude’s positive effects are long-lasting. Canadian researchers found that people who wrote letters of thanks or performed good deeds for a mere six-week period were able to improve their mental health, decrease their bodily pain and feel more energetic for up to six months.
What about gratitude recipients who receive messages of thanks? Research has confirmed that the recipients experience positive emotions when they’re singled out. “Those are happy surprises—you may not be expecting the favour to be returned,” says Jo-Ann Tsang, associate professor of psychology at Baylor University. When someone is the recipient of unexpected kindness or gratitude, he’s more likely to return the favour or pass kindness on. One study found that when someone is thanked, it more than doubles his chances of being helpful again, probably because he enjoys feeling socially valued. Zablith likes the reaction she got when she rewarded a stranger who held the door open for her at a coffee shop with his rightful place in line in front of her. “The look on his face was shock,” says Zablith. “He would be nicer to the cashier, the next person he would see at work. There’s a trickle-down effect.”
The give-and-take of gratitude can also deepen relationships. Studies show that when your partner regularly expresses gratitude, making you feel appreciated, you’re more likely to return appreciative, grateful feelings and stay committed to each other. One found that sharing gratitude with a partner makes you feel more responsible for his well-being and more satisfied with the relationship. “You feel closer to the other person, and they feel closer to you, Tsang says. “That creates an upward spiral.’
40．The author begins the passage by .
A．giving a definition B．making a comparison
C．describing an example D．quoting a famous motto
41．What might contribute to people’s less gratitude expressing nowadays?
A．The fast-paced lifestyle.
B．Having fewer things to be grateful for.
C．People’s self-centeredness.
D．Being embarrassed to express appreciation
42．In paragraph 3, why are findings from Canadian researchers used?
A．To let people know that efforts pay off eventually.
B．To encourage people to write thank-you notes frequently
C．To inspire people to help people in need constantly.
D．To show gratitude positively influences people for a long time.
43．What does the author imply in the last two paragraphs?
A．Sharing gratitude contributes greatly to personal achievement.
B．Kindness can be passed on if the giver feels appreciated.
C．The give-and-take of gratitude can determine relationships.
D．Gratitude recipients actually expect the favor to be returned.
44．What’s the main idea of the text?
A．Respect to others is highly encouraged.
B．Gratitude benefits people’s well-being
C．Unhealthy lifestyle is to blame for less appreciation.
D．Kindness shouldn’t be a one-way matter.

Edinburgh is the world’s “festival city”. The city holds 12 festivals throughout the year, half of which are celebrated during the months of July and August. Hundreds of thousands of people visit the Scottish capital during the summer to enjoy the very best of art and literature. Below are some of the events you can enjoy.
The Edinburgh International Festival
This is the original Edinburgh festival, which began in 1947. Actors, musicians, dancers and opera singers from all over the world perform for large audiences. You need tickets for most of the festival’s events, which take place in theaters around the city.
The Edinburgh Festival Fringe
This is the largest art festival in the world,with thousands of performances. Anyone can perform at the festival, and over 20,000 artists can take part. Go to the Royal Mile, one of Edinburgh’s main streets, to watch performers such as magicians, acrobats(杂技演员), and comedians.
You will meet various performance artists walking from one side of the city to the other during this festival season. However, it can get very busy, as thousands of tourists and local people fill the city streets to enjoy the shows.
The Edinburgh International Book Festival
Beginning in 1983, this is the largest book festival in the world and takes place every year in Charlotte Square Gardens in the center of Edinburgh. There are over 700 events for children and adults. You can meet many authors, talk to them, ask them to sign a book or listen to them talking about their stories.
The Edinburgh Jazz and Blues Festival
Music lovers come to this festival to enjoy musical performances all over the city. Artists perform street theater, dance and circus shows in amazing costumes. Everyone can enjoy the music and dance performances.
45．Which festival of Edinburgh can not be enjoyed for free?
A．The Edinburgh Jazz and Blues Festival.
B．The Edinburgh Festival Fringe.
C．The Edinburgh International Festival.
D．The Edinburgh International Book Festival.
46．Tommy who loves reading is most likely to go to________.
A．The Royal Mile. B．Streets all over the city.
C．Theaters around the city. D．Charlotte Square Gardens.
47．Which statement is FALSE about the Edinburgh Festival Fringe?
A．It is the largest art festival around the world.
B．The performers will walk across Edinburgh during the festival.
C．Only invited artists are allowed to perform at this festival.
D．As a tourist you will find the streets of Edinburgh crowded during the festival.
48．Which of the following performances will not be seen at the Edinburgh Jazz and Blues Festival?
A．Circus shows. B．Magic shows. C．Street theater. D．Dance performances.
49．The passage is probably taken out of________.
A．a tourism brochure about Edinburgh.
B．a book about the history of Edinburgh.
C．a magazine introducing theaters in Edinburgh.
D．a poster to promote Edinburgh’s musical culture.


















参考答案
1．B
2．C
3．A
4．D

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在寻找工作的时候，人们需要注意的几个方面的问题及相关建议。
1．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Here is a checklist that covers some of the major links in the job-search chain.(下面是一份清单，涵盖了求职链中的一些主要环节)”可推知，作者写本文的目的是给找工作的人一些重要的建议。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据文章第六段的“A glance at huge online job sites isn’t usually the best way to find a job.(浏览大型求职网站通常不是找工作的最佳途径) ”可知，在大型求职网站找工作通常不是最好的求职方式。C. Searching online is the most effective way to look for a job. (在网上寻找工作是求职最有效的方法)和以上说法相反。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“If you’ve got plenty of interviews but no return calls or job offers, take a look at your interviewing skills.(如果你有很多面试机会，但没有回电或工作邀请，那就审视一下你的面试技巧吧)”可知，如果面试很多次都没有回电，也没有工作机会，那么要审视一下自己的面试技能。故选A。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Staying in touch with family, friends, professional networks and fellow job seekers can help you to maintain a positive attitude and a sense of perspective.(与你的家人、朋友、网络上的专业认识以及其他求职者保持联系可以帮助你保持积极的态度和观点)”可推知，保持良好的社交网络可能对找工作有帮助，因为它能让你保持积极的态度和观点。D. your social network may help you a lot in your job hunt (你的社交网络可能在求职中帮你很多)符合以上推测。故选D。
5．D
6．C
7．B
8．A
9．C

【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章表达了作者对于现在的孩子们缺乏自然体验的担忧。
5．主旨大意题。根据第二段中“At this rate, kids who miss the sense of wonder outdoors will not grow up to be protectors of natural landscapes. (这样下去，那些失去了户外奇妙感觉的孩子长大后就不会成为自然景观的保护者)”以及“If the decline in parks use continues across North America, who will defend parks against encroachment (蚕食)? (如果整个北美公园使用率持续下降，谁来保护公园不受侵蚀？)”可知，本段中心思想是期望孩子们发展成自然的保护者。故选D项。
6．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Without having a nature experience, kids, can turn out just fine, but they are missing out a huge enrichment of their lives. That applies to everything from their physical health and mental health, to stress levels, creativity and cognitive (认知的) skills. (没有大自然的经历，孩子们可以过得很好，但他们错过了丰富他们生活的巨大机会。这有利于他们的身体健康和心理健康、压力水平、创造力和认知技能等方方面面)”可知，没有经历过自然的孩子身体和精神都不太健康。故选C项。
7．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“It is dangerous out there from time to time, but repetitive stress from computers is replacing breaking an arm as a childhood rite (仪式) of passage. (外面的环境有时很危险，但来自电脑的重复压力正在取代折断手臂，成为童年的必经之路)”可知，作者认为儿童骨折是他们成长过程中的自然经历。故选B项。
8．词句猜测题。划线词句后文“As parents, we should devote some of our energies to taking our kids into nature. (作为父母，我们应该花一些精力带我们的孩子进入大自然)”说明父母应该把孩子带进大自然，增强孩子对大自然的热爱，从而推知划线词句“Everyone, from developers, to schools and outdoor citizens, should help regain for our kids some of the freedom and joy of exploring, taking friendship in fields and woods that cement love, respect and need for landscape. (每个人，从开发商，到学校和户外市民，都应该帮助我们的孩子重获探索的自由和乐趣，在田野和树林中建立友谊，cement对自然风景的热爱、尊重和需求)”其中划线词汇应为“增强”的意思。故选A项。
9．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段中“One of our biggest fears nowadays is that our kids might someday get lost in a ‘sea of technology’ rather than experiencing the natural world. (我们现在最大的恐惧之一是，我们的孩子可能有一天会迷失在‘科技的海洋’中，而不是去体验自然世界)”可推知，作者表达了他对孩子们缺乏自然体验的担忧。故选C项。
10．C
11．D
12．B
13．D
14．A

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章用偏好测试证明了味觉偏好是高度主观的这样一个事实。
10．细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“we’ve wondered how big a role taste preference actually plays in brand loyalty. We set up a taste test that challenged people who identified themselves as either Coca-cola or Pepsi fans: Find your brand in a blind tasting. (我们想知道口味偏好在品牌忠诚度中究竟扮演了多大的角色。我们设立了一个品尝测试，挑战那些自称为可口可乐或百事可乐粉丝的人：在盲品中找到你的品牌)”可知在自称为可口可乐或百事可乐粉丝的人中做偏好测试，让他们盲品，看是否能够通过口味偏好找到自己的品牌。由此可知，做偏好测试是为了找出偏好在人喝饮料中起着什么作用；故选C项。
11．推理判断题。根据文章第四段中“In the end, only 7 out of 19 regular cola drinkers correctly identified their brand of choice in all four trials. The diet-cola drinkers did a little worse-only 7 out of 27 identified all four samples correctly. (最后，在所有四项试验中，19名经常喝可乐的人中只有7人正确地说出了他们选择的品牌。饮用无糖可乐的人表现稍差，27个样本中只有7个正确识别了所有四个样本)”可推知可口可乐和百事可乐的口味差别并不大，因为只有少部分的人正确说出了他们选择的品牌；故选D项。
12．推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“But because the two big cola companies-Coca-Cola and Pepsi Cola-are marketed so aggressively (但因为两大可乐公司——可口可乐和百事可乐——他们的营销非常激烈)”可知可口可乐和百事可乐这两个公司的营销手段非常激烈，故推知他们之间的竞争也是非常强烈的；故选B项。
13．词义猜测题。根据文章最后一段中“Both groups did better than chance would predict, but nearly half the participants in each group made the wrong choice two or more times. Two people got all four samples wrong. Overall, half the participants did about as well on the last round of tasting as on the first, so tiredness, or taste burnout, was not a factor. (两组的表现都比随机预测的要好，但每组中有近一半的参与者两次或两次以上做出了错误的选择。有两个人把四个样本都搞错了。总的来说，一半的参与者在最后一轮品尝时的表现和第一轮一样好，所以疲劳或味觉burnout不是一个因素)”可知参与者最后一轮的表现和第一轮一样，故他们并没有因为品尝过多而造成疲劳或者味觉的耗尽而影响表现。由此可知，taste burnout是指味觉疲劳，即划线单词“burnout”的意思是“因过度使用而不能工作的”；故选D项。
14．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Taste is such a subjective matter that we don’t usually conduct preference tests for food. (口味是一个如此主观的事情，我们通常不会对食物进行偏好测试)”可知文章开头提出“口味是一个如此主观的事情”这样一个观点，文章后面段落用一个偏好测试来证明了这一观点，全文也都是围绕这一观点在进行阐述；故选项C“show that taste preference is highly subjective (表明味觉偏好是高度主观的)”是本篇文章的写作目的；故选A项。
15．B
16．D
17．C
18．C
19．A

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述的是一个诚实的出版商Niles和一个幸运的作者Alcot把一本枯燥的书从一只丑小鸭变成金蛋的故事。
15．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Alcott wrote a simple story of life in her family, their pillow fights on Saturday nights and the amateur   plays they performed. “Our experiences may prove interesting, though I doubt it.” (“Good joke,” she wrote years later.) (奥尔科特写了一个简单的故事，关于她的家庭生活，他们在周六晚上的枕头大战，以及他们表演的业余戏剧。“我们的经历可能会很有趣，尽管我对此表示怀疑。”(“好笑话，”她多年后写道。))”可知，她的书主要描写了一些有趣的家庭琐事，所以有趣可以用来描述奥尔科特的书。故选B项。
16．细节理解题。由文章前两段可判断出这些事件发生的先后顺序。根据第一段中““I don’t want to write a story about girls! I don’t know anything about girls,” Louisa May Alcott told her publisher, Mr. Niles. (“我不想写一个关于女孩的故事!”我对女孩一无所知，”路易莎·梅·奥尔科特(Louisa May Alcott)对她的出版商奈尔斯说)”以及“Niles had asked her to write about something she knew, instead of the romantic adventure stories she had been writing. “So I plod away,” Alcott wrote, “though I don’t enjoy this sort of thing.”(奈尔斯让她写一些她知道的东西，而不是她一直在写的浪漫冒险故事。奥尔科特写道：“所以我埋头苦干，尽管我不喜欢这种事。”)”可推知，ceb顺序是正常的；再根据第二段中“Alcott wrote a simple story of life in her family, their pillow fights on Saturday nights and the amateur plays they performed.(奥尔科特写了一个简单的故事，关于她的家庭生活，他们在周六晚上的枕头大战，以及他们表演的业余戏剧)”和“She portrayed her family and friends in her book Little Women. Finally, in July of 1868, she finished writing.(她在《小妇人》一书中描绘了她的家人和朋友。终于，在1868年7月，她完成了写作)”可知，奥尔科特和她的姐妹们一起表演戏剧是小时候的事，所以最先发生，所以d项是最先发生，然后是奥尔科特刚开始时是写浪漫的冒险故事，之后奈尔斯对奥尔科特的工作不满意，让她写女孩的故事，最后奥尔科特开始写《小妇人》，所以是d, c, e, b, a的顺序。故选D项。
17．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Niles thought the book was dull, and so did Alcott.(奈尔斯认为这本书枯燥乏味，奥尔科特也这么认为)”Niles认为这本书枯燥乏味，可推知，对她的作品是不满意的。故选C项。
18．推理判断题。根据第一段中“But she was desperate for money. She seemed to be the only one in her family who could make any money.(但她急需钱。她似乎是家里唯一能赚钱的人)”可推知，奥尔科特从事写作工作很大程度上是为了赚钱。故选C项。
19．细节理解题。根据最后一段“In three months, all the copies of Little Women had sold. It was already time to print more books! Niles thought he could sell three or four hundred more copies. “An honest publisher and a lucky author made a dull book into a golden egg for an ugly duckling,” Alcott wrote in 1885. Later, with a great sigh of relief, she was able to write, “Paid off all the debts! Now I feel that I could die in peace. If my head holds out, I’ll do all I once hoped to do.”(三个月后，《小妇人》就卖光了。是时候印刷更多的书了!奈尔斯认为他还能多卖出三四百本。奥尔科特在1885年写道：“一个诚实的出版商和一个幸运的作者把一本枯燥的书变成了一只丑小鸭的金蛋。”后来，她终于松了一口气，写下：“还清了所有的债务!现在我觉得我可以平静地死去。如果我的脑袋还在，我就会做我曾经希望做的一切。”)”可知，当《小妇人》卖完后，Alcott也还清了她所有的债务。故选A项。
20．C
21．A
22．D
23．D
24．B

【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文以几个实例向我们展示一些商战中的教训，告知我们想要拓展国际市场，我们首先一定要做一些市场调查。
20．细节理解题。根据第三段中“The campaign was so successful in the United States that Pepsi translated its slogan literally (按字面意思的) for its international campaign.”（这一活动在美国非常成功，百事可乐公司甚至将其口号逐字翻译成国际活动。）由此可知，“Come alive with Pepsi”活动在美国效果很好。故选C。
21．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Later they learned that in African countries, the picture on the jar shows what the jar has in it, for many people there can’t read.”（后来他们了解到，在非洲国家，罐子上的图案显示了罐子里的东西，因为那里的许多人不识字。）由此可知，Gerber的问题出在包装图案上。故选A。
22．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“To people in Bangladesh, which is a Muslim country, this signature looked like Arabic script for the word Allah. In that country, feet are considered unclean, and Muslims felt the company was offending God’s name by having people walk on it.”（对孟加拉国这个穆斯林国家的人来说，这个签名看起来像阿拉伯文字“Allah”。在那个国家，脚被认为是不干净的，穆斯林认为该公司让人们在Allah上行走是冒犯了上帝的名字。）由此可知，在孟加拉国，Thorn McAn鞋被拒绝的原因是鞋子上有一个签名，看起来像是“Allah”，人们认为把Allah的名字踩在脚底下是对Allah的冒犯。故选D。
23．推理判断题。根据第一段“If a business wants to sell its products internationally, it had better do some market research first. This is a lesson that some large American corporations have learned in the hard way.”（如果一个企业想要在国际上销售其产品，最好先做一些市场调查。这是一些美国大公司在经历了惨痛的教训后得到的教训。）由此可推知，这篇文章的目标读者是那些想要在国外推销产品的企业。故选D。
24．主旨大意题。根据第一段“If a business wants to sell its products internationally, it had better do some market research first.”（如果一个企业想要在国际上销售其产品，最好先做一些市场调查。）结合文章主要以几个实例向我们展示一些商战中的教训，告知我们想要拓展国际市场，我们首先一定要做一些市场调查。由此可推知，本文讲述了市场调查的重要性。故选B。
25．C
26．B
27．B
28．D
29．A

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了作者为了帮助家庭解决经济危机不得不放弃自己的音乐梦想去经商，后来他义无反顾去国外继续学习音乐的故事。
25．推理判断题。由文章第一段第六句“As a consequence of this example in the family, the very mention of music as a profession carried with it a picture of a risky existence with uncertain financial rewards. ”（作为这个家庭例子的结果，只要一提到音乐这个职业，人们就会联想到一种充满风险和不确定性的存在。）可知音乐这个职业应该是不稳定的和具有经济挑战的事业。故选C项。
26．事实细节题。根据第二段第一句“Before my graduation from college, the family met with severe financial reverses and I felt it my duty to leave college and take a job.（在我大学毕业之前，我的家庭遭遇到了严重的经济逆转，因此我觉得我有责任离开大学去参加工作。）可知作者在毕业之前辍学了。故选B项。
27．推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“I continued to make money, and finally, bit by bit, accumulated enough to enable me to go abroad to study music.”（我持续不断地挣钱，最终渐渐地攒够了可以让我去国外学习音乐的钱。）可知作者在工作当中最重要的事情就是获得了可观的收入。故选B项。
28．句义猜测题。根据第三段中“I stayed four years, worked harder than I had ever dreamed of working before and enjoyed every minute of it. “Enjoyed” is too mild a word.”（我待在那里四年比以前梦想当中的工作更加努力，并且享受着每一分钟。享受对我来说是个太温柔的词汇。）可知作者对于学习音乐这件事情不仅是享受的，而且从作者表明享受这个词太温柔得出划线短语“ I walked on air.”（走在空气中）表达了作者的激动和兴奋之情。故选D项。
29．主旨大意题。根据第四段第一句“If I had stayed in business, I might be a comparatively wealthy man today, but I do not believe I would have made a success of living.”（如果我继续做生意，我或许现在是一个相当富有的人，但是我相信我不会取得生活的成功。）可知作者想要传达的观点是做自己喜欢的事情才是生活的成功这个道理。故选A项。
30．D
31．A
32．D
33．B
34．A

【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了科学家进行研究，发现帝王蝶在迁徙过程中会受到人为光污染的影响。
30．细节理解题。根据第三段“We use monarch butterflies as a model system to understand long-distance animal migration. Our goal was to understand how environmental stress, such as different types of stress caused by urbanization, impacts animal migratory phenomena,(我们使用帝王蝶作为一个模型系统来理解动物的远距离迁徙。我们的目标是了解环境压力，如城市化造成的不同类型的压力，如何影响动物迁徙现象)”可知，研究人员进行研究是为了了解环境压力如何影响动物迁徙。故选D项。
31．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Butterflies stayed quiet and unmoving when they were first placed in the flight simulator in the dark. But as soon as scientists turned on the light, they started flying. The light made them believe that night was day and this can cause them to fly longer at night or start flying too early.(当蝴蝶第一次被放置在黑暗中的飞行模拟器中时，它们保持安静，一动不动。但当科学家们一打开灯，它们就开始飞行。光线使它们相信夜晚是白天，这可能会导致它们在夜间飞行时间更长或过早开始飞行)”可知，帝王蝶会将单一的人造光误以为是白天的太阳。故选A项。
32．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“This shows without darkness, the circadian clock of butterflies cannot function properly.(这表明，没有黑暗，蝴蝶的生物钟就不能正常工作)”以及最后一段“Light pollution, particularly nighttime light pollution, causes animals to experience light at a time when they are not supposed to, e.g., at night when they are normally in the dark, and are at rest. Exposure to such light can prevent the behavior and biological process of animals which they rely on or that are regulated by the circadian clock.(光污染，特别是夜间光污染，会导致动物在不应该的时间体验光，例如，在它们通常处于黑暗中和处于休息状态的夜间。暴露在这种光下可以阻止它们依赖的或受由生物钟调节的动物的行为和生物过程)”可知，光污染会影响动物迁徙，黑暗对于迁徙动物至关重要。故选D项。
33．词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段“night lighting cycles, but artificial light, such as a streetlight, at night can throw off a monarch butterfly’s internal compass.(夜间照明周期，但夜间的人造光，如街灯，会打乱帝王蝶的内部指南针)”以及最后一段“When exposed to artificial light, the light can perturb the normal functioning of the animal’s circadian clock,(当暴露在人造光下时，光会perturb动物生物钟的正常功能)”可知，夜间的人造光会打乱帝王蝶的生物钟，干扰动物生物钟的正常功能，推测划线单词表示“干扰”，与disturb同义。故选B项。
34．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Monarch butterflies migrate by the millions each year, making the trip from northern areas of the Continent to California and Mexico and back.(每年有数百万只帝王蝶从欧洲大陆的北部地区迁徙到加利福尼亚和墨西哥，然后再迁徙回来)”、倒数第二段“The study has found that the internal circadian clock of butterflies functions normally when they are exposed to natural day: night lighting cycles, but artificial light, such as a streetlight, at night can throw off a monarch butterfly’s internal compass.(这项研究发现，当蝴蝶暴露在自然白天时，它们的内部生物钟正常工作：夜间照明周期，但夜间的人造光，如街灯，会打乱帝王蝶的内部指南针)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了人造光会干扰帝王蝶的迁徙，所以“光污染会干扰蝴蝶的迁徙”可以作为文章标题。故选A项。
35．D
36．B
37．A
38．C
39．B

【导语】这是一篇应用文。短文介绍了如何选择大学的专业。
35．推理判断题。根据第二段“ Between 20% and 50% of college freshmen enter school without a declared major. Keep in mind that there’s nothing wrong with remaining “undecided” or “undeclared” for the first few years of your college career. You can use this time to decide what you’re interested in .”（20%到50%的大学新生入学时没有指定专业。请记住，在大学生涯的前几年保持“犹豫不决”或“未定”并没有什么错。你可以利用这段时间来决定你感兴趣的专业）可知，你不必在进入大学时就决定你的专业。故选D项。
36．细节理解题。根据第三段“Set aside some time to really explore your passions and take stock of your unique abilities. With an undeclared major to start, you can take time to really delve deep into what interests you. Join clubs around campus to connect with fellow students who share your interests. Take electives in areas that you might not otherwise have an opportunity to experience. ”（留出一些时间来真正探索你的激情，评估你的独特能力。有了一个未公开的专业开始，你可以花时间去真正深入研究你感兴趣的东西。加入校园俱乐部，与志同道合的同学建立联系。参加一些你可能没有机会体验的选修课）可知，建议你参加选修课，因为它能帮助你充分探索自己的兴趣所在。故选B项。
37．推理判断题。根据第四段“That being said, employers frequently recognize that graduates who majored in the liberal arts have valuable soft skills, too, including strong communication, written and verbal skills, and leadership abilities. ”（话虽如此，雇主们通常都认为文科专业的毕业生也有宝贵的软技能，包括良好的沟通能力、书面和口头表达能力以及领导能力）可知，软技能是指良好的沟通能力、书面和口头表达以及领导能力。因此推知，你在有争议的商业讨论中很好地表达自己是一种良好的软技能。故选A项。
38．细节理解题。根据最后一段“If you need a little guidance, set up an appointment with an academic advisor or career counselors. Career development counselors and academic advisors can help you narrow down your options. ”（如果你需要一些指导，和学术顾问或职业顾问约个时间。职业发展顾问和学术顾问可以帮助你缩小选择范围）可知，学术顾问或职业顾问会会帮助我们缩小选择范围。C选项“学术顾问或职业顾问会为你决定专业”错误。故选C项。
39．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Still have some doubts now? You can submit your questions Here”（现在还有些疑惑吗?你可以在这里提交问题）推知，短文来自网页。故选B项。
40．A
41．C
42．D
43．B
44．B

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章说明了感恩的定义以及感恩给人带来的好处。
40．推理判断题。根据文章第一段第一句话“When you feel thankful for things you’ve received or something that’s happened, that’s gratitude.(当你对你所得到的东西或发生的事情心存感激时，那就是感恩。)”可知，文章开篇给出了“感恩”的定义，作者通过下定义的方式展开本篇文章。故选A项。
41．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的““With commercial and social media, everything is speeding the younger generation to make them feel that they’re the centre of the universe,” says Tamiko Zablith, founder of the London-based etiquette consulting firm Minding Manners. “If it’s all about them, why thank others?”(“随着商业和社交媒体的发展，一切都在加速年轻一代的发展，让他们觉得自己是宇宙的中心，如果一切都是为了自己，为什么要感谢别人？”伦敦礼仪咨询公司的创始人塔米子·扎布里斯说。)”可知，如今的年轻一代认为自己就是宇宙的中心，一切都是为了自己，所以对别人的感恩就更少了。由此可知，是人们的这种“自我中心论”使得对别人的感恩更少了。故选C项。
42．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“However, studies have shown that people who express gratitude increase their happiness levels, lower their blood-pressure levels, get better-quality sleep, improve their relationships, have a positive impact on their depression levels and are less affected by pain. And gratitude’s positive effects are long-lasting. (然而，研究表明，表达感激之情的人会增加他们的快乐，降低他们的血压，获得更好的睡眠质量，改善他们的人际关系，对他们的抑郁有积极的影响，并且更少受到痛苦的影响。感恩的积极影响是持久的。)”可知，表达感激之情能增加快乐，降低血压，睡眠质量更好，能改善人际关系，对抑郁也有积极的影响，这些都是表达感激之情带来的积极影响，而这种影响是长期的。由此可知，作者使用加拿大研究人员们的发现就是为了证明这一点。故选D项。
43．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中的“When someone is the recipient of unexpected kindness or gratitude, he’s more likely to return the favour or pass kindness on.(当一个人收到意想不到的善意或感激时，他更有可能回报这种恩惠或将善意传递下去。)”可知，如果给予者感到被感激，善意就可能传递下去。故选B项。
44．主旨大意题。阅读文章内容可知，文章第一段介绍了感激的定义；第二段提出如今很多人不会去感激别人；第三段提到了向别人表达感激之情能增加自己的快乐，降低血压，改善睡眠和人际关系等；第四段提到了接受别人的感激和善意的人更有可能去回报这种善意或将善意传递下去；最后一段提到了互相感激也能加深彼此之间的关系。由此可推知，本文主要介绍了感恩给人们带来好处，有益于人们的幸福。B项“Gratitude benefits people’s well-being(感恩有益于人们的幸福。)”最能概括本文内容。故选B项。
45．C
46．D
47．C
48．B
49．A

【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了爱丁堡五个的节日。
45．细节理解题。根据The Edinburgh International Festival部分的“You need tickets for most of the festival’s events, which take place in theaters around the city.(电影节的大部分活动都在全市的剧院举行，你需要买票)”可知，The Edinburgh International Festival的活动不能免费享受。故选C。
46．推理判断题。根据The Edinburgh International Book Festival部分的“Beginning in 1983, this is the largest book festival in the world and takes place every year in Charlotte Square Gardens in the center of Edinburgh.(从1983年开始，这是世界上最大的图书节，每年在爱丁堡市中心的夏洛特广场花园举行)”推知，喜欢阅读的Tommy最有可能去Charlotte Square Gardens。故选D。
47．细节理解题。根据The Edinburgh Festival Fringe部分的“Go to the Royal Mile, one of Edinburgh’s main streets, to watch performers such as magicians, acrobats(杂技演员), and comedians.(你可以去爱丁堡的主要街道之一皇家英里街(Royal Mile)观看魔术师、杂技演员和喜剧演员等表演)”可知，The Edinburgh Festival Fringe邀请了魔术师、杂技演员和喜剧演员等进行表演。C项“只有受邀的艺术家才被允许在这个节日上表演”不符合以上说法。故选C。
48．细节理解题。根据The Edinburgh Jazz and Blues Festival部分的“Artists perform street theater, dance and circus shows in amazing costumes. Everyone can enjoy the music and dance performances.(艺术家们穿着华丽的服装表演街头戏剧、舞蹈和马戏团表演。每个人都可以欣赏音乐和舞蹈表演)”可知，在The Edinburgh Jazz and Blues Festival人们可以观看戏剧、舞蹈和马戏。B项“魔术表演”没有提到。故选B。
49．推理判断题。根据第一段“Edinburgh is the world’s “festival city”. The city holds 12 festivals throughout the year, half of which are celebrated during the months of July and August. Hundreds of thousands of people visit the Scottish capital during the summer to enjoy the very best of art and literature. Below are some of the events you can enjoy.(爱丁堡是世界“节日之都”。这座城市全年举办12个节日，其中一半在7月和8月庆祝。夏季，成千上万的人来到苏格兰首都欣赏最好的艺术和文学。下面是一些你可以享受的活动)”并结合下文对四个节日的介绍推知，本文很有可能出现在关于爱丁堡的旅游手册上。故选A。