2022-2023学年辽宁省沈阳市顶级中学高三上学期期中考试英语（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年辽宁省沈阳市顶级中学高三上学期期中考试英语（解析版），共32页。试卷主要包含了测试时间等内容，欢迎下载使用。

 2022-2023学年度上学期期中考试
高三(23届)英语试题
说明：1.测试时间：120分钟 总分：150分
2.客观题涂在答题纸上，主观题答在答题纸的相应位置上
第Ⅰ卷 95分
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where will the man probably be at 3:00?
A. At home. B. At the dentist’s office. C. On his band.
2. Why didn’t the man call the woman back?
A. He didn’t receive the message.
B. He lost his phone.
C. He was too busy.
3. When is the book to be signed?
A. This Sunday. B. Next Saturday. C. Next Monday.
4. What does the man like better?
A. The night sky. B. The fresh air. C. The evening clouds.
5. What does the man mean?
A. The woman can’t find a better price.
B. The woman shouldn’t wear short jeans.
C. The woman can’t return the jeans.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6、7题。
6. What do the speakers want to do this weekend?
A. Go for a hike. B. Go to the mall. C. Go to the beach.
7. What is the weather like in this season in California?
A. It changes often. B. It always stays warm. C. It is getting colder now.
听下面一段对话，回答第8、9题。
8. When will the speakers’ vacation be over?
A. In two days. B. In five days. C. In a week.
9. How does the woman want to get to the countryside?
A. By bus. B. On foot. C. By car.
听下面一段对话，回答第10至12题。
10. What day is it today?
A. Monday. B. Wednesday. C. Saturday.
11. What can be known about the man?
A. He works very hard. B. He is often late for work. C. He doesn’t have a clock.
12. What does the woman ask the man to do?
A. Go to bed early. B. Leave his job at once. C. Buy a clock.
听下面一段对话，回答第13至16题。
13. What is the man doing?
A. Checking into a hotel.
B. Making a hotel reservation.
C. Trying to find a place for smoking.
14. How much will the man pay for his stay?
A. $ 300. B. $ 1, 200. C. $ l, 500.
15. What can be known about the man?
A. He doesn’t smoke.
B. He isn’t satisfied with the reservation.
C. He cares about the higher room prices.
16. What’s the woman?
A. A shopper. B. A guide. C. A receptionist.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至20题。
17. How many hotels did Disney World have when it just opened?
A. One. B. Two. C. Three.
18. What is the most popular thing for travelers to do at Disney World?
A. Playing golf.
B. Going to the water park.
C. Visiting the Magic Kingdom.
19. When did Disneyland open?
A. In 1955. B. In 1971. C. In 1975.
20. What can be known from the passage?
A. Disney World is located in Southern California.
B. All the visitors can play football and baseball in Disney World.
C. Disney World is the most popular place in the world.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
National Law Enforcement Museum
Police shows on TV are filled with high-speed car chases and crimes solved in a few minutes. But that’s not a typical day for a real-life police officer. To get a more accurate picture, head to the National Law Enforcement Museum in Washington. Exhibits there invite visitors to use their senses of sight, hearing, touch and smell to gather information the way police do.
Let’s look at a few exhibits.
The Web of Law Enforcement
You’ll quickly learn that crime-solving is a team effort, not only within one department, but among organizations across the country. Inspection Service is just one of the law enforcement groups helping local police when needed. For example, six organizations worked together on a national park graffiti (涂鸦) case.
K-9 Units
See a video of how dogs are trained to join K-9 Units. Test your ability to smell and identify various scents. Learn which kinds of dogs are better at tracking bad persons while others are better at sniffing out dangerous goods.
Five Communities
Every community is different. Learn how the needs and challenges of five communities are being dealt with. These communities’ goals are to develop programs, while increasing trust between local people and police. What might work in your neighborhood? There’s a place for visitors to share their thoughts.
The Training Simulator
Those aged 12 and older can try the same training projects and equipment used in professional law enforcement classes in which police try to resolve difficult situations. Short videos test participants’ abilities to observe accurately and think quickly before reacting.
The exercises give an understanding of what officers face on a daily basis
“Many kids first think it’s like a video game,” said Alan Davis, an educator and advisor of New York Police Department. “They soon realize that real-life decision-making in a second isn’t easy. For real police there are no second chances.”
1. Which exhibit focuses on police dogs?
A. The Web of Law Enforcement. B. K-9 Units.
C. Five Communities. D. The Training Simulator.
2. What can people do while visiting Five Communities?
A. Solve a graffiti case. B. Play a video game.
C. Get a test on the ability to smell. D. Discuss about community security.
3. What do we know about The Training Simulator?
A. The video test is difficult to pass.
B. The teenagers are eager to be police officers.
C. Kids can act as police officers for one day.
D. The police must make real-life decisions instantly.
B
After dinner, my family sat in the living room, chatting about a hit. Thousands of people spent Thursday—a Valentine’s Day of sorts in China—searching not only for Mr. or Mrs. Right, but also for Mr. and Mrs. Left.
My father informed us that secondhand goods App Xianyu, owned by e-commerce giant Alibaba, organized “blind dates” this year pairing users who had misplaced one of their wireless earphones with others who had lost the opposite earbud. “Your cousin, an overseas student, participated in the activity,” he added.
Afterwards, my dad surfed the Internet over the iPhone and showed a video in the App Xianyu to us. “Dear friends, it’s a special day today,” read the event’s announcement, referring to May 20, a date associated with romance in China because its pronunciation sounds similar to “I love you” in Mandarin. In a twinkling, thousands of bullet screen (弹幕) appeared in the video saying how badly the App users needed this opportunity.
With the rising popularity of wireless earphones such as Apple’s AirPods, over 130,000 earpieces went missing in 2021, resulting in their owners having no choice but to sell the remaining one. This year, the figure of abandoned earbuds stood at a whopping 100,000 by mid-May. On the Internet I browsed some information. Right-side earbuds are apparently more faithful to their owners: In 56% of cases, sellers had lost their left earphone.
Dad told us that the idea came from the lighthearted way Xianyu users have described their single earbuds, saying they were looking for an “in-law” for their “son” or “daughter”. Those, particularly with a charging case, said they already owned an “apartment” for the future couple.
“The young generation are good at making full use of their possessions and refuse to be wasteful,” my mother commented to us. “Besides single earphones, there’s also huge demand and supply for reuniting single gaming controllers, earrings, and gloves into a pair.”
With the passage of time, younger generations no longer see secondhand items as shabby.
4. How did people spend 520 on Xianyu this year?
A. They took part in blind dates.
B. They paired their earphone.
C. They sought to find Mr. or Mrs. Right for life.
D. They picked bargains during sales promotion.
5. Why did people sell the remaining earbud?
A. They hoped to buy new Apple’s AirPods.
B. They used it to find their true love.
C. They had lost track of the other one.
D. They couldn’t afford to hold both.
6. What is the function of “apartment” in paragraph 5?
A. It provides power for the pairing earbuds.
B. Xianyu users can rent it from the App temporarily.
C. A son-in-law can be provided with accommodation.
D. The pairing earbuds can be renewed in the apartment.
7. What can be learned from the mother’s comments?
A. Reuniting single things should be advocated.
B. Wireless earbuds are appealing to all.
C. The young generation are economical.
D. Secondhand items used to be deserted.
C
Last year, Anna Johnson found herself using an electronic screen to pay for a pickup order at a bakery, a normal enough experience at many food businesses she frequents. But this time, she froze when the machine recommended that she tip as much as 35 percent—on cookies.
In the pandemic, Americans like her dug deeper into their pockets to recognize the hard work and health risks taken on by workers in every corner of the food business. For many customers, adding 15 percent or more for a takeout meal or grocery delivery felt like the least they could do to help ordinary workers.
Bryan Solar, who manages restaurant products at Square, said people were more generous in tipping early in the pandemic. In April 2020, the average tip at a quick-service food business was 23.5 percent, but that figure has gradually fallen since then, to 19.8 percent last month.
The ways of tipping have changed in many smaller businesses, where the tip box on the counter has been replaced by touch screens, which have become even more widespread during the pandemic. Leaving an amount that doesn’t fit the suggested percentages takes extra time and effort. And as the customer decides, the food-service worker is often standing there, looking on.
Still, Mr. Solar said a customer’s generosity drops when a business becomes too aggressive in asking for tips, as when some touch-screen systems start the tipping options at a minimum of 25 percent. “People will be generous to a certain point,” he said.
On social media, there are complaints that “tipping culture has gotten out of control,” with consumers complaining about being asked to leave a little extra.
Some restaurants have tried to solve the injustice of tipping by adding an automatic tip to each bill. Others have tried to replace tipping by raising menu prices, and paying all workers by the hour.
8. Which of the following best describes Anna’s reaction to the recommended tip?
A. Her heart thumped. B. Her face darkened.
C. Her jaw dropped. D. Her body trembled.
9. What do the underlined words “dug deeper into their pockets” mean?
A. Americans refuse to tip for fear of the pandemic.
B. Americans couldn’t afford to buy new clothes.
C. Americans save a large amount of pocket money.
D. Americans tip more to appreciate workers’ efforts.
10. What makes it hard for customers to find an excuse for not tipping?
A. The small number of tips required.
B. The application of touch screens.
C. The warnings from restaurant workers.
D. The good services from restaurants.
11. Which is the most suitable title for the text?
A. To Tip, or Not to Tip? B. When did Tipping Culture Begin?
C. Why Americans Tip Generously? D. How Touch-screen Helps Tipping?
D
Housework might seem a drag, but researchers have suggested tasks like dusting, sweeping floors and washing the windows might help adults to stay healthy into old age. Writing in the journal BMJ Open, a Singapore-based team of researchers said regular physical activity “improves physical and mental health, and relieves the risks and effects of chronic(慢性的) diseases among older adults”.
The team randomly chose adults from the town of Yishun in Singapore, and asked them to complete cognitive function tests as well as activities to assess their physical capabilities, such as standing up from a chair as quickly as they could. Participants were also quizzed on their levels of physical activity, including the amount of light housework and heavy housework they did, and were assessed for their risk of having a fall based on measures such as knee extension strength. The study involved 249 participants aged 21-64 and 240 participants aged 65-90. Most of those who reported doing high levels of heavy or light housework were women.
After taking into account factors including age and sex, the team found cognitive scores and attention scores were 8% and 14% higher respectively for older adults doing high amounts of heavy housework—on average 131 minutes a week—compared with low levels, which appeared to amount to none at all. Sit-to-stand time was shorter for older adults reporting high amounts of heavy housework compared with low amounts, while they were also assessed as being at lower risk of having a fall.
Dr Shiou-Liang Wee, the co-author of the research, said health messaging on staying active should not just be about recreational physical activities. “Housework is a purposeful activity performed by many older adults. Independent of recreation, commuting (通勤) and other work-related physical activity, heavy housework is linked to sharper memory and better falls protection in older adults,” he said.
12. What does the author imply by mentioning doing housework?
A Housework is an annoying thing to the aged.
B. People will take to doing housework as they age.
C. Only by doing housework can the aged stay healthy.
D. Regular physical activity is crucial to the older adults.
13. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?
A. The research purpose. B. The research result.
C. The research procedure. D. The research background.
14. What can we learn from Paragraph 3?
A. Older people should not live a housework-free life.
B. Old women are more possibly at the risk of having a fall.
C. Age and sex are determining factors of the study.
D. People aged 21-64 are less likely to do housework.
15. What may Dr Shiou-Liang Wee agree with?
A. Efforts at work equal to high amounts of heavy housework.
B. Reading provides better falls protection for the older adults.
C. Housework shouldn’t be replaced by recreational activity.
D. Having a balanced diet contributes to sharper memory.
第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12. 5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，有两个为多余选项。
There are many options for recycling an old cellphone. Let’s take a closer look at how to properly deal with it.
If you have an old cellphone to recycle, you could start by checking with your cellular carrier (运营商). ____16____ Or they offer at least ways to help you find recycling options. That may include takeback programs from local electronics recycling operations.
____17____ Some zoos in the U.S. and Canada accept cellphone donation for recycling. They use the money to save endangered great apes. Other groups raise money with cellphone recycling to support health care workers in developing areas.
Another option is Call2Recycle, a national consumer battery recycling program.____18____ Call2Recycle works with thousands of partners across the world to create a network of drop-off sites for recycling batteries and cellphones.
Actually, unless a cellphone no longer works, the best way to get rid of it often is to find someone else who wants or needs it. If your phone works but doesn’t have much trade-in value, you could check with friends and family to see if anyone might be interested in yours. ____19____
Aside from trading, donating, recycling, or gifting your old phone, you could also just keep it and repurpose it yourself. ____20____ It can be used to store and play music, serve as an extra camera, or even let you surf the Internet when connected to WiFi.
A. Unusable cellphones can also be donated.
B. Some have buy-back or trade-in programs.
C. And all you need to do is find a place and put it away.
D. If the phone still works, you could sell it on the Internet.
E. You can also find someone who needs it at local senior centers.
F. A smartphone without service can still be useful in several ways.
G. It accepts all types of cellphones and batteries whatever models.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
After 49 years on the job. Marge Moore still mops and sweeps her bus every day and washes it on weekends. Every winter is a ____21____ for Moore, because she needs to ____22____ her kids on time. Besides, she has to ____23____ her blow-dryer out to unfreeze the transmission (变速器) when it’s ____24____ cold.
Even with no vacation days during her career, Moore still gets ____25____ to work as a bus driver for Virginia Beach public schools. She’s seeing some former ____26____ grow up and have kids, whom Moore also took to school. “Moore’s absolutely ____27____. There’s a reason she hasn’t ____28____ a day,” people said. “She’s just ____29____ by her love for kids.” Though she doesn’t want it —Moore says she’s just doing her job—she is earning a little _____30_____ as her tenure (任职) inches closer to the half-century mark.
The COVID-19 has seriously interrupted her school _____31_____. When learning is virtual, Moore works to deliver food to 50 families, who wouldn’t _____32_____ have it. Her consistency is _____33_____ and she was nominated (提名) for the “Recognizing Inspirational School Employees Award”. The _____34_____ will be announced in the spring.
Moore isn’t sure when she’ll quit. “If I didn’t _____35_____ it, I wouldn’t be doing it,” she said.
21. A. change B. challenge C. break D. delight
22. A. pick up B. dress up C. wait for D. look for
23. A. give B. try C. point D. drag
24. A. slightly B. normally C. particularly D. hardly
25. A. curious B. confident C. stressed D. excited
26. A. teachers B. students C. colleagues D. friends
27. A. remarkable B. knowledgeable C. ambitious D. courageous
28. A. forgot B. delayed C. wasted D. missed
29. A. touched B. driven C. awoken D. influenced
30 A. progress B. experience C. recognition D. money
31. A. management B. business C. routine D. life
32. A. otherwise B. still C. therefore D. somehow
33. A. expected B. understood C. appreciated D. tested
34. A. applicant B. winner C. judge D. voter
35. A. accept B. face C. stand D. enjoy
第Ⅱ卷 55分
第二节 (共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In 1991, Wang Wei went on a tour, when he became fascinated by the shakuhachi, a kind of Japanese bamboo flute. Later, he found out that the shakuhachi, ____36____ was called chiba in Chinese, ____37____ (introduce) to Japan during the Tang Dynasty.
Ashamed of how he was ____38____ (ignore) of the country’s rich musical tradition Wang started researching on Chinese musical instruments made of bamboo. He has found that among the 90 wind instruments ____39____ (identify) by the Chinese Music Dictionary, 47 are made of bamboo.
In the past three decades, he has traveled around to find ____40____ (fine) materials for making bamboo instruments in the country.
He also gathered a group of ____41____ (music) to form the country’s first bamboo orchestra. While ____42____ (realize) his expectation, Wang is proud that the orchestra’s birth and development are also ____43____ effort to protect the environment. Bamboo is among the fastest growing plants on earth, gaining 1.2 meters every day ____44____ appropriate conditions. Since 2002, the State Forestry Administration _____45_____ (try) to replace the use of wood with bamboo to protect the environment.
第四部分 书面表达 (共二节， 满分40)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假设你是李华，你的朋友John沉迷于抖音 (TikTok) 而不能自拔，写信向你寻求帮助，请你给他回一封电子邮件。内容包括：
1. 表示理解和关心；
2. 沉迷抖音的影响；
3. 提出具体建议。
要求：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear John,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整短文。
Kareem sighed as he counted his money again. He was still short of fifty dollars to buy the latest Speedster X bike. In order to save his pocket money to replace his old bike, he had been packing sandwiches to school the last three months.
“How can I get that fifty dollars?” he thought to himself. His mind was wondering when Mother’s voice disturbed his thoughts. “Kareem, I just ran into Aunty Kim, our neighbour who just moved in next door. Her son, Shawn, will cycle to school next week. Could you show him the shortcut to school later? It’s Saturday anyway!” Hearing this, Kareem had no option but to obey it, He knew Mother had probably already volunteered his service to Aunty Kim. “Oh, here’s a mail from your Grandma. Open it!” added Mother.
Kareem’s grandmother lived abroad and she would send him photos and cards. He opened the envelope and pulled out a greeting card. Incredibly, a fifty dollar note slipped out as well! Kareem was wild with joy. Waving the note in the air, he shouted happily, “Enough money for my bike!”
At 2 p. m. Kareem met Shawn as arranged by their mothers. The sooner he finished this task, the sooner he could go to the bike shop. While the boys were cycling, a squirrel (松鼠) appeared behind a parked car and dashed across the road so suddenly that the boys knocked into each other and fell down heavily. Kareem said regretfully, “I forgot to warn you about the squirrel population here.” As Kareem was lifting up his broken bike, Shawn cried anxiously, “Oh, my poor bike! It’s completely broken.”
Watching Shawn carrying the disabled bike home in silence, Kareem hurried to the bike shop for his dream bike. The sign “Half Price for Old Models” in the shop attracted his eyes.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
“A Speedster X bike or two old models?” Kareem hesitated.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
“Hi!” Kareem appeared at Shawn’s door cheerfully and asked, “Want to ride together?”
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________






2022-2023学年度上学期期中考试
高三(23届)英语试题
说明：1.测试时间：120分钟 总分：150分
2.客观题涂在答题纸上，主观题答在答题纸的相应位置上
第Ⅰ卷 95分
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where will the man probably be at 3:00?
A. At home. B. At the dentist’s office. C. On his band.
2 Why didn’t the man call the woman back?
A. He didn’t receive the message.
B. He lost his phone.
C. He was too busy.
3. When is the book to be signed?
A. This Sunday. B. Next Saturday. C. Next Monday.
4. What does the man like better?
A. The night sky. B. The fresh air. C. The evening clouds.
5. What does the man mean?
A. The woman can’t find a better price.
B. The woman shouldn’t wear short jeans.
C. The woman can’t return the jeans.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6、7题。
6. What do the speakers want to do this weekend?
A Go for a hike. B. Go to the mall. C. Go to the beach.
7. What is the weather like in this season in California?
A. It changes often. B. It always stays warm. C. It is getting colder now.
听下面一段对话，回答第8、9题。
8. When will the speakers’ vacation be over?
A. In two days. B. In five days. C. In a week.
9. How does the woman want to get to the countryside?
A. By bus. B. On foot. C. By car.
听下面一段对话，回答第10至12题。
10. What day is it today?
A. Monday. B. Wednesday. C. Saturday.
11. What can be known about the man?
A. He works very hard. B. He is often late for work. C. He doesn’t have a clock.
12. What does the woman ask the man to do?
A. Go to bed early. B. Leave his job at once. C. Buy a clock.
听下面一段对话，回答第13至16题。
13. What is the man doing?
A. Checking into a hotel.
B. Making a hotel reservation.
C. Trying to find a place for smoking.
14. How much will the man pay for his stay?
A. $ 300. B. $ 1, 200. C. $ l, 500.
15. What can be known about the man?
A. He doesn’t smoke.
B. He isn’t satisfied with the reservation.
C. He cares about the higher room prices.
16. What’s the woman?
A. A shopper. B. A guide. C. A receptionist.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至20题。
17. How many hotels did Disney World have when it just opened?
A. One. B. Two. C. Three.
18. What is the most popular thing for travelers to do at Disney World?
A. Playing golf.
B. Going to the water park.
C. Visiting the Magic Kingdom.
19. When did Disneyland open?
A. In 1955. B. In 1971. C. In 1975.
20. What can be known from the passage?
A. Disney World is located in Southern California.
B. All the visitors can play football and baseball in Disney World.
C. Disney World is the most popular place in the world.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
National Law Enforcement Museum
Police shows on TV are filled with high-speed car chases and crimes solved in a few minutes. But that’s not a typical day for a real-life police officer. To get a more accurate picture, head to the National Law Enforcement Museum in Washington. Exhibits there invite visitors to use their senses of sight, hearing, touch and smell to gather information the way police do.
Let’s look at a few exhibits.
The Web of Law Enforcement
You’ll quickly learn that crime-solving is a team effort, not only within one department, but among organizations across the country. Inspection Service is just one of the law enforcement groups helping local police when needed. For example, six organizations worked together on a national park graffiti (涂鸦) case.
K-9 Units
See a video of how dogs are trained to join K-9 Units. Test your ability to smell and identify various scents. Learn which kinds of dogs are better at tracking bad persons while others are better at sniffing out dangerous goods.
Five Communities
Every community is different. Learn how the needs and challenges of five communities are being dealt with. These communities’ goals are to develop programs, while increasing trust between local people and police. What might work in your neighborhood? There’s a place for visitors to share their thoughts.
The Training Simulator
Those aged 12 and older can try the same training projects and equipment used in professional law enforcement classes in which police try to resolve difficult situations. Short videos test participants’ abilities to observe accurately and think quickly before reacting.
The exercises give an understanding of what officers face on a daily basis.
“Many kids first think it’s like a video game,” said Alan Davis, an educator and advisor of New York Police Department. “They soon realize that real-life decision-making in a second isn’t easy. For real police there are no second chances.”
1. Which exhibit focuses on police dogs?
A. The Web of Law Enforcement. B. K-9 Units.
C. Five Communities. D. The Training Simulator.
2. What can people do while visiting Five Communities?
A. Solve a graffiti case. B. Play a video game.
C. Get a test on the ability to smell. D. Discuss about community security.
3. What do we know about The Training Simulator?
A. The video test is difficult to pass.
B. The teenagers are eager to be police officers.
C. Kids can act as police officers for one day.
D. The police must make real-life decisions instantly.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了国家执法博物馆的展览以及游客可以从中学到什么。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据“K-9 Units”部分的句子“See a video of how dogs are trained to join K-9 Units. Test your ability to smell and identify various scents. Learn which kinds of dogs are better at tracking bad persons while others are better at sniffing out dangerous goods.”（看如何训练狗加入K-9部队的视频。测试你的嗅觉和辨别各种气味的能力。了解哪些狗更擅长追踪坏人，而哪些狗更擅长嗅出危险物品。）可知，K-9 Units部分的展览主题是警犬。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Five Communities”部分的句子“These communities’ goals are to develop programs, while increasing trust between local people and police. What might work in your neighborhood? There’s a place for visitors to share their thoughts.”（这些社区的目标是制定计划，同时增加当地人和警察之间的信任。在你的社区，什么方法可能有效？这是一个游客分享他们的想法的地方。）可知，在参观Five Communities时，游客可以讨论社区安全问题。故选D项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The Training Simulator”部分的最后一句话“They soon realize that real-life decision-making in a second isn’t easy. For real police there are no second chances.”（他们很快意识到，在现实生活中，在一秒钟内做出决定并不容易。真正的警察没有第二次机会。）可知，在现实生活中警察必须立即做出决定。故选D项。
B
After dinner, my family sat in the living room, chatting about a hit. Thousands of people spent Thursday—a Valentine’s Day of sorts in China—searching not only for Mr. or Mrs. Right, but also for Mr. and Mrs. Left.
My father informed us that secondhand goods App Xianyu, owned by e-commerce giant Alibaba, organized “blind dates” this year pairing users who had misplaced one of their wireless earphones with others who had lost the opposite earbud. “Your cousin, an overseas student, participated in the activity,” he added.
Afterwards, my dad surfed the Internet over the iPhone and showed a video in the App Xianyu to us. “Dear friends, it’s a special day today,” read the event’s announcement, referring to May 20, a date associated with romance in China because its pronunciation sounds similar to “I love you” in Mandarin. In a twinkling, thousands of bullet screen (弹幕) appeared in the video saying how badly the App users needed this opportunity.
With the rising popularity of wireless earphones such as Apple’s AirPods, over 130,000 earpieces went missing in 2021, resulting in their owners having no choice but to sell the remaining one. This year, the figure of abandoned earbuds stood at a whopping 100,000 by mid-May. On the Internet I browsed some information. Right-side earbuds are apparently more faithful to their owners: In 56% of cases, sellers had lost their left earphone.
Dad told us that the idea came from the lighthearted way Xianyu users have described their single earbuds, saying they were looking for an “in-law” for their “son” or “daughter”. Those, particularly with a charging case, said they already owned an “apartment” for the future couple.
“The young generation are good at making full use of their possessions and refuse to be wasteful,” my mother commented to us. “Besides single earphones, there’s also huge demand and supply for reuniting single gaming controllers, earrings, and gloves into a pair.”
With the passage of time, younger generations no longer see secondhand items as shabby.
4. How did people spend 520 on Xianyu this year?
A. They took part in blind dates.
B. They paired their earphone.
C. They sought to find Mr. or Mrs. Right for life.
D. They picked bargains during sales promotion.
5. Why did people sell the remaining earbud?
A They hoped to buy new Apple’s AirPods.
B. They used it to find their true love.
C. They had lost track of the other one.
D. They couldn’t afford to hold both.
6. What is the function of “apartment” in paragraph 5?
A. It provides power for the pairing earbuds.
B. Xianyu users can rent it from the App temporarily.
C. A son-in-law can be provided with accommodation.
D. The pairing earbuds can be renewed in the apartment.
7. What can be learned from the mother’s comments?
A. Reuniting single things should be advocated.
B. Wireless earbuds are appealing to all.
C. The young generation are economical.
D. Secondhand items used to be deserted.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。电商巨头阿里巴巴旗下的二手产品App“闲鱼”组织了一场“相亲”，让那些遗失了无线耳机的用户与丢失了另一个耳机的用户配对。作者的母亲高度评价了青年一代的节俭行为。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的句子“My father informed us that secondhand goods App Xianyu, owned by e-commerce giant Alibaba, organized “blind dates” this year pairing users who had misplaced one of their wireless earphones with others who had lost the opposite earbud.(父亲告诉我们，电子商务巨头阿里巴巴旗下的二手商品App“闲鱼”今年组织了“相亲”活动，把丢了一个无线耳机的用户和丢了另一个耳机的用户配对)”和第三段的句子“Afterwards, my dad surfed the Internet over the iPhone and showed a video in the App Xianyu to us. ‘Dear friends, it’s a special day today,’ read the event’s announcement, referring to May 20, a date associated with romance in China because its pronunciation sounds similar to ‘I love you’ in Mandarin.(之后，我爸爸用iPhone上网，给我们看了一段闲鱼App上的视频。‘亲爱的朋友们，今天是一个特别的日子，’活动的公告中写道。5月20日在中国是一个与浪漫有关的日子，因为它的发音与普通话中的‘我爱你’很像)”可知，在5月20日这天，人们通过闲鱼App给他们的耳机配对。故选B项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段第一句话“With the rising popularity of wireless earphones such as Apple’s AirPods, over 130,000 earpieces went missing in 2021, resulting in their owners having no choice but to sell the remaining one.(随着苹果的AirPods等无线耳机越来越受欢迎，2021年有超过13万个耳机遗失，导致其所有者别无选择，只能出售剩下的一个)”可知，人们要卖掉剩下的耳机是因为他们丢了另外一只耳机。故选C项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段的句子“Dad told us that the idea came from the lighthearted way Xianyu users have described their single earbuds, saying they were looking for an ‘in-law’ for their ‘son’ or ‘daughter’. Those, particularly with a charging case, said they already owned an “apartment” for the future couple.(爸爸告诉我们，这个想法来自于闲鱼用户对他们的‘单身耳机’的轻松描述，他们说自己在为‘儿子’或‘女儿’寻找‘姻亲’。尤其是那些带有充电盒的人表示，他们已经为这对未来夫妇准备了一套‘公寓’)”可以推论出，句中的“公寓”是指耳机充电盒，它的功能是为耳机充电。故选A项。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句话“The young generation are good at making full use of their possessions and refuse to be wasteful,’ my mother commented to us.(‘年轻一代善于充分利用他们的财产，拒绝浪费，’我母亲对我们说)”可知，年轻一代很节俭。故选C项。
C
Last year, Anna Johnson found herself using an electronic screen to pay for a pickup order at a bakery, a normal enough experience at many food businesses she frequents. But this time, she froze when the machine recommended that she tip as much as 35 percent—on cookies.
In the pandemic, Americans like her dug deeper into their pockets to recognize the hard work and health risks taken on by workers in every corner of the food business. For many customers, adding 15 percent or more for a takeout meal or grocery delivery felt like the least they could do to help ordinary workers.
Bryan Solar, who manages restaurant products at Square, said people were more generous in tipping early in the pandemic. In April 2020, the average tip at a quick-service food business was 23.5 percent, but that figure has gradually fallen since then, to 19.8 percent last month.
The ways of tipping have changed in many smaller businesses, where the tip box on the counter has been replaced by touch screens, which have become even more widespread during the pandemic. Leaving an amount that doesn’t fit the suggested percentages takes extra time and effort. And as the customer decides, the food-service worker is often standing there, looking on.
Still, Mr. Solar said a customer’s generosity drops when a business becomes too aggressive in asking for tips, as when some touch-screen systems start the tipping options at a minimum of 25 percent. “People will be generous to a certain point,” he said.
On social media, there are complaints that “tipping culture has gotten out of control,” with consumers complaining about being asked to leave a little extra.
Some restaurants have tried to solve the injustice of tipping by adding an automatic tip to each bill. Others have tried to replace tipping by raising menu prices, and paying all workers by the hour.
8. Which of the following best describes Anna’s reaction to the recommended tip?
A. Her heart thumped. B. Her face darkened.
C. Her jaw dropped. D. Her body trembled.
9. What do the underlined words “dug deeper into their pockets” mean?
A. Americans refuse to tip for fear of the pandemic.
B. Americans couldn’t afford to buy new clothes.
C. Americans save a large amount of pocket money.
D. Americans tip more to appreciate workers’ efforts.
10. What makes it hard for customers to find an excuse for not tipping?
A. The small number of tips required.
B. The application of touch screens.
C. The warnings from restaurant workers.
D. The good services from restaurants.
11. Which is the most suitable title for the text?
A. To Tip, or Not to Tip? B. When did Tipping Culture Begin?
C. Why Americans Tip Generously? D. How Touch-screen Helps Tipping?
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. B 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍疫情之初人们愿意多给小费以此表达自己对工作人员的感激之情，但触摸屏小费的应用导致小费不合理，这个消费者带来了困惑和支付压力。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“But this time, she froze when the machine recommended that she tip as much as 35 percent—on cookies.(但这一次，当机器建议她给饼干35%的小费时，她惊呆了)” 可知，安娜对推荐的小费感到大惊失色。故选C。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词后半句“recognize the hard work and health risks taken on by workers in every corner of the food business.(认识到食品行业各个角落的工人们的辛勤工作和健康风险)”可推断，在疫情期间，美国人多给小费是为了感谢员工的努力。短语dig into one’s pockets为“自掏腰包”之意，这里结合上下文，这里引申为“美国人多给小费是为了感谢员工的努力”之意。故选D。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“The ways of tipping have changed in many smaller businesses, where the tip box on the counter has been replaced by touch screens, which have become even more widespread during the pandemic. Leaving an amount that doesn’t fit the suggested percentages takes extra time and effort. And as the customer decides, the food-service worker is often standing there, looking on.(许多小型企业给小费的方式已经发生了变化，柜台上的小费盒已经被触摸屏取代，在疫情期间，触摸屏变得更加普遍。留下一个不符合建议百分比的数额需要额外的时间和精力。当顾客做出决定时，服务员就会站在一旁看着)”可知，用触摸屏支付小费的方式使得消费者找不到不给小费的借口，因为服务员就在旁边看着。故选B。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。文章介绍疫情之初人们愿意多给小费以此表达自己对工作人员的感激之情，但触摸屏小费的应用导致小费不合理，这给消费者带来了困惑和支付压力。结合倒数第二段“On social media, there are complaints that “tipping culture has gotten out of control,” with consumers complaining about being asked to leave a little extra.(在社交媒体上，有人抱怨“小费文化已经失控”，消费者抱怨被要求多留一点钱) ”可知，A项“To Tip, or Not to Tip?(给小费还是不给小费？)”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选A。
D
Housework might seem a drag, but researchers have suggested tasks like dusting, sweeping floors and washing the windows might help adults to stay healthy into old age. Writing in the journal BMJ Open, a Singapore-based team of researchers said regular physical activity “improves physical and mental health, and relieves the risks and effects of chronic(慢性的) diseases among older adults”.
The team randomly chose adults from the town of Yishun in Singapore, and asked them to complete cognitive function tests as well as activities to assess their physical capabilities, such as standing up from a chair as quickly as they could. Participants were also quizzed on their levels of physical activity, including the amount of light housework and heavy housework they did, and were assessed for their risk of having a fall based on measures such as knee extension strength. The study involved 249 participants aged 21-64 and 240 participants aged 65-90. Most of those who reported doing high levels of heavy or light housework were women.
After taking into account factors including age and sex, the team found cognitive scores and attention scores were 8% and 14% higher respectively for older adults doing high amounts of heavy housework—on average 131 minutes a week—compared with low levels, which appeared to amount to none at all. Sit-to-stand time was shorter for older adults reporting high amounts of heavy housework compared with low amounts, while they were also assessed as being at lower risk of having a fall.
Dr Shiou-Liang Wee, the co-author of the research, said health messaging on staying active should not just be about recreational physical activities. “Housework is a purposeful activity performed by many older adults. Independent of recreation, commuting (通勤) and other work-related physical activity, heavy housework is linked to sharper memory and better falls protection in older adults,” he said.
12. What does the author imply by mentioning doing housework?
A. Housework is an annoying thing to the aged.
B. People will take to doing housework as they age.
C. Only by doing housework can the aged stay healthy.
D. Regular physical activity is crucial to the older adults.
13. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?
A. The research purpose. B. The research result.
C. The research procedure. D. The research background.
14. What can we learn from Paragraph 3?
A. Older people should not live a housework-free life.
B. Old women are more possibly at the risk of having a fall.
C. Age and sex are determining factors of the study.
D. People aged 21-64 are less likely to do housework.
15. What may Dr Shiou-Liang Wee agree with?
A. Efforts at work equal to high amounts of heavy housework.
B. Reading provides better falls protection for the older adults.
C. Housework shouldn’t be replaced by recreational activity.
D. Having a balanced diet contributes to sharper memory.
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了家务劳动与老年人健康之间的关系。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Housework might seem a drag, but researchers have suggested tasks like dusting, sweeping floors and washing the windows might help adults to stay healthy into old age. Writing in the journal BMJ Open, a Singapore-based team of researchers said regular physical activity “improves physical and mental health, and relieves the risks and effects of chronic(慢性的) diseases among older adults”（家务活可能看起来很乏味，但研究人员认为，打扫灰尘、扫地和洗窗户等任务可能有助于成年人保持健康到老年。一个新加坡研究团队在《BMJ Open》杂志上写道，定期的体育活动“改善了身心健康，减轻了老年人慢性疾病的风险和影响”。）由此可知，作者提到做家务暗示了有规律的体育活动对老年人至关重要。故选D。
【13题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“The team randomly chose adults from the town of Yishun in Singapore, and asked them to complete cognitive function tests as well as activities to assess their physical capabilities, such as standing up from a chair as quickly as they could. Participants were also quizzed on their levels of physical activity, including the amount of light housework and heavy housework they did, and were assessed for their risk of having a fall based on measures such as knee extension strength.”（研究团队从新加坡宜顺镇随机挑选了一些成年人，并要求他们完成认知功能测试和一些评估他们身体能力的活动，比如尽快从椅子上站起来。研究人员还询问了参与者的体力活动水平，包括他们所做的轻家务和重家务的数量，并根据膝盖伸展强度等指标评估了他们摔倒的风险。）由此可知，第二段主要是关于研究过程。故选C项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“After taking into account factors including age and sex, the team found cognitive scores and attention scores were 8% and 14% higher respectively for older adults doing high amounts of heavy housework—on average 131 minutes a week—compared with low levels, which appeared to amount to none at all.”（在考虑了年龄和性别等因素后，研究小组发现，做大量繁重家务(平均每周131分钟)的老年人的认知分数和注意力分数分别比完全不做家务的老年人高8% 和14% ）可知，老年人不应该过没有家务的生活。故选A项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Dr Shiou-Liang Wee, the co-author of the research, said health messaging on staying active should not just be about recreational physical activities. “Housework is a purposeful activity performed by many older adults. Independent of recreation, commuting (通勤) and other work-related physical activity, heavy housework is linked to sharper memory and better falls protection in older adults”（这项研究的合著者Shiou-Liang Wee博士表示，保持活跃的健康信息不应该仅仅是娱乐性的体育活动。他说：“家务是许多老年人进行的有目的的活动。与娱乐、通勤和其他与工作相关的体力活动无关，繁重的家务与老年人更敏锐的记忆力和更好的跌倒保护有关）由此可知，Dr Shiou-Liang Wee可能同意“家务活不应该被娱乐活动所取代”。故选C项。
第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12. 5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，有两个为多余选项。
There are many options for recycling an old cellphone Let’s take a closer look at how to properly deal with it.
If you have an old cellphone to recycle, you could start by checking with your cellular carrier (运营商). ____16____ Or they offer at least ways to help you find recycling options. That may include takeback programs from local electronics recycling operations.
____17____ Some zoos in the U.S. and Canada accept cellphone donation for recycling. They use the money to save endangered great apes. Other groups raise money with cellphone recycling to support health care workers in developing areas.
Another option is Call2Recycle, a national consumer battery recycling program.____18____ Call2Recycle works with thousands of partners across the world to create a network of drop-off sites for recycling batteries and cellphones.
Actually, unless a cellphone no longer works, the best way to get rid of it often is to find someone else who wants or needs it. If your phone works but doesn’t have much trade-in value, you could check with friends and family to see if anyone might be interested in yours. ____19____
Aside from trading, donating, recycling, or gifting your old phone, you could also just keep it and repurpose it yourself. ____20____ It can be used to store and play music, serve as an extra camera, or even let you surf the Internet when connected to WiFi.
A. Unusable cellphones can also be donated.
B. Some have buy-back or trade-in programs.
C. And all you need to do is find a place and put it away.
D. If the phone still works, you could sell it on the Internet.
E. You can also find someone who needs it at local senior centers.
F. A smartphone without service can still be useful in several ways.
G. It accepts all types of cellphones and batteries whatever models.
【答案】16. B 17. A 18. G 19. E 20. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几种回收旧手机的选择。
【16题详解】
上文“If you have an old cellphone to recycle, you could start by checking with your cellular carrier (运营商)(如果你有一部旧手机要回收利用，你最开始可以查询手机运营商)”指出回收旧手机可以先去找手机运营商，空处应该承接上文，指出这么做的原因，B项“Some have buy-back or trade-in programs.(一些公司有回购或以旧换新计划。)”符合，其中“Some”对应下文“Or they offer at least ways to help you find recycling options.(或者他们至少提供了一些方法来帮助你找到回收利用的选择。)”的“they”，故选B。
【17题详解】
分析文章可知，第一段“There are many options for recycling an old cellphone. Let’s take a closer look at how to properly deal with it.(回收旧手机有很多选择。让我们仔细看看如何妥善处理这个问题。)”总领全文，指出回收旧手机有很多选择，接下来每段都是处理旧手机的一个方法，由下文“Some zoos in the U.S. and Canada accept cellphone donation for recycling. They use the money to save endangered great apes. Other groups raise money with cellphone recycling to support health care workers in developing areas.(美国和加拿大的一些动物园接受手机捐赠用于回收利用。他们用这笔钱来拯救濒临灭绝的类人猿。其他团体通过手机回收来筹集资金，以支持发展中国家的卫生保健工作者。)”可知，本段主要指出旧手机可以用来捐赠，以此帮助拯救濒临灭绝的类人猿或者用来支持发展中国家的卫生保健工作者，由此可知，A项“Unusable cellphones can also be donated.(不能用的手机也可以捐赠。)”能概括本段含义，且“donated”和下文“donation”相对应，故选A。
【18题详解】
上文“Another option is Call2Recycle, a national consumer battery recycling program.(另一个选择是Call2Return，这是一个全国性的消费者电池回收项目)”指出Call2Recycle可以回收旧电池，G项“It accepts all types of cellphones and batteries whatever models.(它可以接受任何型号的手机和电池。)”承接上文，补充介绍Call2Recycle的功能，即可以接受任何型号的手机和电池，其中“It”代指上文Call2Recycle，故选G。
【19题详解】
上文“Actually, unless a cellphone no longer works, the best way to get rid of it often is to find someone else who wants or needs it.(事实上，除非手机已经不能用了，否则最好的办法就是找到其他想要或者需要它的人。)”指出手机还能用的时候，可以送给想要或者需要的人们，E项“You can also find someone who needs it at local senior centers.(你也可以在当地的老年中心找到需要它的人。)”符合，指出能用的旧手机可以送给需要的人，和上文“If your phone works but doesn’t have much trade-in value, you could check with friends and family to see if anyone might be interested in yours(如果你的手机能用，但是没有多少折价价值，你可以和你的朋友和家人联系，看看是否有人对你的手机感兴趣。)”是并列关系，具体说明了本段第一句，故选E。
【20题详解】
上文“Aside from trading, donating, recycling, or gifting your old phone, you could also just keep it and repurpose it yourself.(除了交易、捐赠、回收或者赠送你的旧手机，你也可以留着它，自己重新利用它。)”指出旧手机可以留着重新利用，下文“It can be used to store and play music, serve as an extra camera, or even let you surf the Internet when connected to WiFi.(它可以用来存储和播放音乐，作为一个额外的照相机，甚至可以让你上网时连接到WiFi。)”具体指出不用的手机可以如何重新利用，即用来存储，播放音乐或照相，F项“A smartphone without service can still be useful in several ways.(不打电话的智能手机仍然可以在几个方面发挥作用。)”符合，引起下文，故选F。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
After 49 years on the job. Marge Moore still mops and sweeps her bus every day and washes it on weekends. Every winter is a ____21____ for Moore, because she needs to ____22____ her kids on time. Besides, she has to ____23____ her blow-dryer out to unfreeze the transmission (变速器) when it’s ____24____ cold.
Even with no vacation days during her career, Moore still gets ____25____ to work as a bus driver for Virginia Beach public schools. She’s seeing some former ____26____ grow up and have kids, whom Moore also took to school. “Moore’s absolutely ____27____. There’s a reason she hasn’t ____28____ a day,” people said. “She’s just ____29____ by her love for kids.” Though she doesn’t want it —Moore says she’s just doing her job—she is earning a little _____30_____ as her tenure (任职) inches closer to the half-century mark.
The COVID-19 has seriously interrupted her school _____31_____. When learning is virtual, Moore works to deliver food to 50 families, who wouldn’t _____32_____ have it. Her consistency is _____33_____ and she was nominated (提名) for the “Recognizing Inspirational School Employees Award”. The _____34_____ will be announced in the spring.
Moore isn’t sure when she’ll quit. “If I didn’t _____35_____ it, I wouldn’t be doing it,” she said.
21. A. change B. challenge C. break D. delight
22. A. pick up B. dress up C. wait for D. look for
23. A. give B. try C. point D. drag
24. A. slightly B. normally C. particularly D. hardly
25. A. curious B. confident C. stressed D. excited
26. A. teachers B. students C. colleagues D. friends
27. A. remarkable B. knowledgeable C. ambitious D. courageous
28. A. forgot B. delayed C. wasted D. missed
29. A. touched B. driven C. awoken D. influenced
30. A. progress B. experience C. recognition D. money
31. A. management B. business C. routine D. life
32. A. otherwise B. still C. therefore D. somehow
33. A. expected B. understood C. appreciated D. tested
34. A. applicant B. winner C. judge D. voter
35. A. accept B. face C. stand D. enjoy
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. C 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了校车司机Marge Moore49年来一直坚持不懈地接送孩子，从不请假一天，直到最近因为新冠肺炎，她帮忙送食物，并得到了认可，被提名为“励志学校员工奖”的事迹。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个冬天对摩尔来说都是一个挑战，因为她需要按时接孩子。A. change改变；B. challenge挑战；C. break休息；D. delight快乐。根据下文“ because she needs to 　2　 her kids on time. Besides, she has to 　　3　　 her blow-dryer out to unfreeze the transmission (变速器) when it’s 　　4　 cold.”和常识可知，冬天路滑不好开车，所以应该是挑战。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：每个冬天对摩尔来说都是一个挑战，因为她需要按时接孩子。A. pick up捡起，接；B. dress up打扮；C. wait for等待；D. look for寻找。根据上文“After 49 years on the job. Marge Moore still mops and sweeps her bus every day and washes it on weekends.”可知，她的工作是校车司机，需要按时接孩子。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，当天气特别冷的时候，她还得把吹风机拖出来解冻传动装置。A. give给；B. try尝试；C. point指出；D. drag拖，拽。根据下文“unfreeze the transmission (变速器)”可知，她还得把吹风机拖出来解冻传动装置。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，当天气特别冷的时候，她还得把吹风机拖出来解冻传动装置。A. slightly轻微地；B. normally正常地；C. particularly特别地；D. hardly几乎不。根据上文“unfreeze the transmission (变速器)”以及下文“cold”可知，当天气特别冷的时候，她还得把吹风机拖出来解冻传动装置。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：即使在她的职业生涯中没有假期，摩尔仍然为弗吉尼亚海滩公立学校的公共汽车司机的工作感到兴奋。A. curious好奇的；B. confident自信的；C. stressed有压力的；D. excited兴奋的。根据下文“If I didn’t ____15____ it, I wouldn’t be doing it”可知，摩尔热爱自己的工作，所以即使在她的职业生涯中没有假期，摩尔仍然为弗吉尼亚海滩公立学校的公共汽车司机的工作感到兴奋。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她看到一些以前的学生长大了，有了孩子，摩尔也把他们的孩子带去上学。A. teachers老师；B. students学生；C. colleagues同事；D. friends朋友。根据上文可知，摩尔是校车司机接送的是学生。再根据“because she needs to ____2____ her kids on time”可知，她看到一些以前的学生长大了。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：摩尔绝对是了不起的。A. remarkable非凡的，显著的；B. knowledgeable博学的；C. ambitious雄心勃勃的；D. courageous勇敢的。根据下文“There’s a reason she hasn’t ____8____ a day,”可知，摩尔绝对是了不起的。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她一天都没缺勤是有原因的。A. forgot忘记；B. delayed延期；C. wasted浪费；D. missed错过。根据下文“She’s just ____9____ by her love for kids.”可知，她一天都没缺勤是有原因的。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她只是被她对孩子的爱所驱使。A. touched触摸；B. driven驱使；C. awoken唤醒；D. influenced影响。根据上文“There’s a reason she hasn’t ____8____ a day”以及“by her love for kids”可知，她只是被她对孩子的爱所驱使。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但随着她的任期接近半个世纪的标志，她正在赢得一点认可。A. progress进步；B. experience经历；C. recognition认可；D. money钱。根据下文“she was nominated (提名) for the “Recognizing Inspirational School Employees Award””可知，她正在赢得一点认可。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：新冠肺炎疫情中断了她的学校日程。A. management管理；B. business生意；C. routine常规，日程；D. life生活。根据下文“When learning is virtual”可知，新冠肺炎疫情中断了她的学校日程。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：当学习变成线上授课时，摩尔的工作是为50个家庭提供食物，否则他们将得不到食物。A. otherwise否则；B. still仍然；C. therefore因此；D. somehow无论如何。根据上文的新冠疫情爆发可知，摩尔的工作是为50个家庭提供食物，否则他们将得不到食物。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的坚持得到了赞赏，并获得了“表彰励志学校员工奖”的提名。A. expected预期；B. understood理解；C. appreciated感激，赞赏；D. tested测试。根据下文“she was nominated (提名) for the “Recognizing Inspirational School Employees Award”可知，她的坚持得到了赞赏。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：获胜者将于春季公布。A. applicant申请人；B. winner获胜者；C. judge裁判；D. voter投票人。根据上文“she was nominated (提名) for the “Recognizing Inspirational School Employees Award””可知，获胜者将于春季公布。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说：“如果我不喜欢它，我就不会做。”。A. accept接受；B. face面对；C. stand站立；D. enjoy享受。根据下文“I wouldn’t be doing it”可知，因为喜欢这份工作，摩尔才会坚持。故选D项。
第Ⅱ卷 55分
第二节 (共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In 1991, Wang Wei went on a tour, when he became fascinated by the shakuhachi, a kind of Japanese bamboo flute. Later, he found out that the shakuhachi, ____36____ was called chiba in Chinese, ____37____ (introduce) to Japan during the Tang Dynasty.
Ashamed of how he was ____38____ (ignore) of the country’s rich musical tradition, Wang started researching on Chinese musical instruments made of bamboo. He has found that among the 90 wind instruments ____39____ (identify) by the Chinese Music Dictionary, 47 are made of bamboo.
In the past three decades, he has traveled around to find ____40____ (fine) materials for making bamboo instruments in the country.
He also gathered a group of ____41____ (music) to form the country’s first bamboo orchestra. While ____42____ (realize) his expectation, Wang is proud that the orchestra’s birth and development are also ____43____ effort to protect the environment. Bamboo is among the fastest growing plants on earth, gaining 1.2 meters every day ____44____ appropriate conditions. Since 2002, the State Forestry Administration _____45_____ (try) to replace the use of wood with bamboo to protect the environment.
【答案】36. which
37. was introduced
38. ignorant
39. identified
40. the finest
41. musicians
42. realizing
43. an 44. under
45. has tried
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。音乐家王伟在发现了尺八后开始学习和研究中国的竹制乐器，在实现自己的音乐梦想的同时又保护了环境。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：后来，他发现尺八在中国被称为千叶，是在唐朝传入日本的。句中先行词为shakuhachi，在非限定性定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【37题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：后来，他发现尺八在中国被称为千叶，是在唐朝传入日本的。根据时间状语during the Tang Dynasty可知，用一般过去时。主语the shakuhachi与introduce之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was introduced。
【38题详解】
考查形容词。句意：王伟为自己对中国丰富的音乐传统一无所知而感到羞愧，于是开始研究用竹子制作的中国乐器。be ignorant of不知道，不了解。故填ignorant。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他发现，在《中国音乐大辞典》收录的90种管乐器中，有47种是竹子制成的。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。动词identify和名词instruments构成被动关系，且动作已完成，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填identified。
【40题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：在过去的三十年里，他走遍了全国各地，寻找制作竹制乐器最好的材料。结合句意，他走遍全国是为了寻找最好的材料，这里用形容词最高级形式，修饰名词materials。故填the finest。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：他还召集了一批音乐家，组成了国家的第一个竹乐团。a group of后接名词的复数形式，结合句意，此处指“音乐家”，故填musicians。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在实现自己的期望的同时，他感到自豪的是，乐团的诞生和发展，也是对环境保护的努力。空处应填非谓语动词和while构成时间状语，realize和逻辑主语he之间为主动关系，应用现在分词，故填realizing。
【43题详解】
考查冠词。句意：在实现自己的期望的同时，他感到自豪的是，乐团的诞生和发展，也是对环境保护的努力。名词effort为可数名词，泛指，且发音以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：竹子是地球上生长最快的植物之一，在适当的条件下每天都能长1.2米。under…conditions在……条件下。故填under。
【45题详解】
考查时态。句意：自2002年以来，国家林业局一直在努力以竹子代替木材来保护环境。根据时间状语Since 2002可知，这里用现在完成时。主语是the State Forestry Administration，助动词用has。故填has tried。
第四部分 书面表达 (共二节， 满分40)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假设你是李华，你朋友John沉迷于抖音 (TikTok) 而不能自拔，写信向你寻求帮助，请你给他回一封电子邮件。内容包括：
1. 表示理解和关心；
2. 沉迷抖音的影响；
3. 提出具体建议。
要求：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear John,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear John,
I am sorry to hear that you are suffering from TikTok addiction. Actually, it is commonly seen that more and more teenagers get crazy about TikTok and spend a lot of time watching and sharing videos online, which makes them unable to focus on study. Therefore, immediate measures should be taken to stop it. You should start some other hobbies, such as reading, listening to music or playing chess. Besides, you had better make more friends through face to face communication.
I sincerely hope that these ideas can help you with the problem.（94words）
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给朋友John回一封电子邮件，帮助他走出沉迷抖音。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时。
结构：总分总法
要点：
1. 表示理解和关心；
2. 沉迷抖音的影响；
3. 提出具体建议。
第二步：列提纲 （重点词组）
suffer from；TikTok；get crazy about；spend a lot of time in；focus on；listen to music；play chess；make friends；face to face
第三步：连词成句
1. I am sorry to hear that you are suffering from TikTok addiction.
2. Actually, it is commonly seen that more and more teenagers get crazy about TikTok and spend a lot of time watching and sharing videos online, which makes them unable to focus on study.
3. Therefore, immediate measures should be taken to stop it.
4. You should start some other hobbies, such as reading, listening to music or playing chess.
5. Besides, you had better make more friends through face to face communication.
6. I sincerely hope that these ideas can help you with the problem.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表并列补充关系：Besides；and；
2.表因果关系：Therefore
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
【点睛】[高分句型1] I am sorry to hear that you are suffering from TikTok addiction.使用了that引导的宾语从句。
[高分句型2] Actually, it is commonly seen that more and more teenagers get crazy about TikTok and spend a lot of time watching and sharing videos online, which makes them unable to focus on study.使用了it作形式主语和which引导的非限制性定语从句。
[高分句型3] I sincerely hope that these ideas can help you with the problem.使用了that引导的宾语从句。
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Kareem sighed as he counted his money again. He was still short of fifty dollars to buy the latest Speedster X bike. In order to save his pocket money to replace his old bike, he had been packing sandwiches to school the last three months.
“How can I get that fifty dollars?” he thought to himself. His mind was wondering when Mother’s voice disturbed his thoughts. “Kareem, I just ran into Aunty Kim, our neighbour who just moved in next door. Her son, Shawn, will cycle to school next week. Could you show him the shortcut to school later? It’s Saturday anyway!” Hearing this, Kareem had no option but to obey it, He knew Mother had probably already volunteered his service to Aunty Kim. “Oh, here’s a mail from your Grandma. Open it!” added Mother.
Kareem’s grandmother lived abroad and she would send him photos and cards. He opened the envelope and pulled out a greeting card. Incredibly, a fifty dollar note slipped out as well! Kareem was wild with joy. Waving the note in the air, he shouted happily, “Enough money for my bike!”
At 2 p. m. Kareem met Shawn as arranged by their mothers. The sooner he finished this task, the sooner he could go to the bike shop. While the boys were cycling, a squirrel (松鼠) appeared behind a parked car and dashed across the road so suddenly that the boys knocked into each other and fell down heavily. Kareem said regretfully, “I forgot to warn you about the squirrel population here.” As Kareem was lifting up his broken bike, Shawn cried anxiously, “Oh, my poor bike! It’s completely broken.”
Watching Shawn carrying the disabled bike home in silence, Kareem hurried to the bike shop for his dream bike. The sign “Half Price for Old Models” in the shop attracted his eyes.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
“A Speedster X bike or two old models?” Kareem hesitated.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
“Hi!” Kareem appeared at Shawn’s door cheerfully and asked, “Want to ride together?”
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文
“A Speedster X bike or two old models?” Kareem hesitated. He thought to himself, “Whatever happened was not my fault. I’m buying Speedster X anyway.” However, as the image of Shawn and his disabled bike flashed before him repeatedly, he felt a shiver running down his body. An inner voice insisted that he should reach out a helping hand. Just at that moment, his initial guilt gave way to a sense of responsibility. After a quick mental calculation, he decided to buy two old models.
“Hi!” Kareem appeared at Shawn’s door cheerfully and asked, “Want to ride together?” Shawn got annoyed at the silly question. He moved his lips as if to say something but before he could say anything, Kareem took a stride to the side, revealing two shiny identical bikes magically. “What... How come? No, it couldn’t be...”, Shawn beamed with excitement, tears clouding his eyes. Mother, who had witnessed the scene from the window, walked up to Kareem and patted his shoulder gently and playfully, “Son! I’m really proud of you.”
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开。讲述了主人公卡里姆想买最新款的自行车，但还差50美元，正在他不知道怎么办时，妈妈让他去告诉新搬来的邻居的儿子肖恩上学的捷径，卡里姆无奈答应了。这时他收到了祖母寄来的邮件，里面竟然有一张50美元的钞票，卡里姆很高心。下午卡里姆和肖恩一起骑自行车，两个男孩意外摔倒，这导致肖恩的自行车坏掉了，看着肖恩回家的背影，卡里姆赶紧去买他梦想的自行车，但商店里“旧款半价”的招牌吸引了他的目光。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容““一辆Speedster X自行车还是两辆旧款？”卡里姆犹豫了一下。”可知，第一段可描写卡里姆的心理活动，到底是买一辆新款自行车还是两辆旧款。
②由第二段首句内容““嗨！”卡里姆兴高采烈地出现在肖恩的门口，问道：“想一起骑车吗？””可知，第二段可描写肖恩看到自行车的反应及母亲对卡里姆的夸奖。
2.续写线索：卡里姆的心理活动——决定买旧车——肖恩看到旧车——肖恩的表现——母亲的夸奖
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.伸出援手：reach out a helping hand/lend a helping hand
②.决定做某事：decide to do sth./be determined to do sth.
③.笑容满面：beam/a smile lit up one’s face
情绪类
①.生气的：annoyed/angry
②.兴奋地：with excitement/excitedly
【点睛】[高分句型1]. However, as the image of Shawn and his disabled bike flashed before him repeatedly, he felt a shiver running down his body.（由as引导的时间状语从句）
[高分句型2]. An inner voice insisted that he should reach out a helping hand. （insist虚拟语气和由that引导的宾语从句）