2022-2023学年宁夏固原市隆德县中学教育集团高三上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年宁夏固原市隆德县中学教育集团高三上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版），共25页。

隆德县中学教育集团
2022-2023学年度第一学期期中考试
高三英语试题
注意事项：
1. 答题前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、班级、准考证号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第Ⅰ卷(选择题 满分100分)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What did the woman’s mother take away from her?
A. A camera. B. A computer. C. A cellphone.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Hi, Jim. What’s wrong with you? You look sad.
M: My father took away my computer yesterday. He said I couldn’t have it back until all the exams are over.
W: My mother did something similar to me. She took away my cellphone.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
When does the mailman usually come?
A. By 4:00 p.m. B. By 5:00 p.m. C. After 6:00 p.m.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: When does the mailman come by?
M: Usually by four o’clock in the afternoon, but he’s late today. It’s already six o’clock, but there’s nothing in the mailbox.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What will the woman probably do?
A. Get ready for the test. B. Stop playing the music. C. Study with the man.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Must you play the music so loud? I’ll have a test tomorrow!
W: Sorry, I didn’t realize you were studying.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Classmates. B. Strangers. C. Neighbors.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Did you hear that there’s a meeting this afternoon?
M: Yes, I did. Do you know what it’s about?
W: I think it’s about electing the new monitor.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where does the woman want to go?
A. A park. B. A bank. C. A hotel.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Can I get to the Sheraton Hotel from here on foot?
M: Sure. It’s not far. Just go to 4th Avenue. Turn right at the bank on Main Street. It is on your right, near the park.
第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

6. What kind of coffee is the woman drinking?
A. African. B. Colombian. C. Turkish.
7. How does the woman feel about the coffee?
A. It tastes like ordinary coffee.
B. It tastes different from the usual coffee.
C. It’s the best coffee she’s ever had.
【答案】6. B 7. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Do you know that you aren’t drinking ordinary coffee?
W: What do you mean?
M: This isn’t ordinary coffee. This is Colombian coffee!
W: But it tastes just like other coffee!
M: Don’t you know that there are many kinds of coffee in the world? There is African, Turkish, and many others. But the coffee from Colombia is the best!
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

8. Who is on a banana diet?
A. The man’s sister. B. The man’s cousin. C. The man’s neighbor.
9. What does the woman think of a fish diet?
A. It costs too much. B. It’s good for the heart. C. It’s bad for the teeth.
10. What is the woman probably going to do?
A. See a doctor. B. Play tennis. C. Go shopping.
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Everyone seems to be on a diet. Have you noticed that?
M: At least everyone is talking about it. A neighbor of mine is on a banana diet. She eats one banana for breakfast, one for lunch, and two for dinner.
W: That would be bad for her health. Has she lost any weight?
M: She doesn’t look any thinner. My sister eats eggs to lose weight, only eggs for breakfast, for lunch, and for dinner.
W: That’s bad for her heart! Something in eggs is good for losing weight, but too many eggs are bad for the heart.
M: I’ve also read that. What about a fish diet? One of my cousins eats nothing but fish, even for breakfast!
W: That’s too expensive. The best way to lose weight is to eat less and exercise more. That’s why I’m on my way to the tennis court.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

11. What does Steven want to be when he grows up?
A. A hotel manager. B. An office worker. C. A Chinese teacher.
12. How does Susan think of the job of being a teacher?
A. It’s tiring. B. It’s difficult. C. It’s meaningful.
13. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Their school life. B. Their future plans. C. Their part-time jobs.
【答案】11. A 12. C 13. B
【解析】
原文】W: Hi, Steven. Do you have any plans for the future?
M: Sure. I’ve decided to study hotel management at college after high school.
W: So you want to be a hotel manager, right?
M: Yes, I will run a big hotel in the city and welcome people from different countries. How about you, Susan?
W: I want to be a Chinese teacher.
M: Why? Don’t you think working as a teacher is a hard job?
W: Well, in my opinion, it’s not as difficult as you think. And I think it’s worth doing. Teachers can help students realize their dreams.
M: But I think it’s easier to be an office worker.
W: Maybe, but I prefer Chinese and Chinese culture.
M: I see.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

14. Where did Michael get to know Kate?
A. In a restaurant. B. At Tim’s party. C. At James’s concert.
15. Who will give a concert?
A. The man’s friend. B. Michael. C. Kate.
16. When will the concert start?
A. At 6:00. B. At 7:00. C. At 8:00.
【答案】14. B 15. A 16. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Could I speak to Kate, please?
W: Speaking.
M: Oh, hi, Kate. This is Michael. We met at Tim’s party yesterday evening.
W: Oh, hello, Michael. Glad to receive your phone call.
M: Please listen, Kate. I wonder if you will be free this evening? My friend James is going to hold a personal piano concert and he has given me two tickets.
W: That’s a good idea. I like piano music.
M: Yeah, I remember you told me that yesterday evening. So, could I come to your place to meet you at about six? The concert will start at eight, but I think we can go out to have dinner together.
W: I’d be glad to. Let’s meet at six o’clock then.
M: See you at six, bye.
W: Bye.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

17. What does Casey look like in the film?
A. She has black hair. B. She is wide-eyed. C. She has wide face.
18. Where does Tomorrowland lie?
A. Between the earth and space.
B. Between time and the earth.
C. Between time and space.
19. What was Britt asked to do before she was allowed to read the script?
A. To discover the mysteries of Tomorrowland.
B. To put on performances for the part of Casey many times.
C. To have a positive outlook on the future.
20. What kind of feeling did Britt have after reading the script?
A. A mixed emotion. B. A feeling of success. C. A feeling of excitement.
【答案】17. B 18. C 19. B 20. A
【解析】
【原文】Today we will talk about Disney’s new movie, Tomorrowland. Tomorrowland tells the story of a wide-eyed dreamer named Casey. She follows a strange sign and starts a magical journey into another world. On her way, Casey meets a scientist named Frank. Together they carry out a task to uncover the mysteries of a land that exists between time and space, which is named Tomorrowland. According to Britt, the entire movie has been filled with secret things. In fact, she had to put on a short performance many times for the part of Casey before she was allowed to read the script. Once Britt read the story, she was satisfied with it. She felt happy, as if she had just been on an adventurous ride. She was also sad, joyful, and hopeful. She felt a mix of emotions. She was very happy when she found out she got the role. It seems that all her hard work paid off. At last, just as people expect, the movie Tomorrowland is very successful.
第二部分 阅读理解：(每小题2分，共计40分)
第一节：阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Reading can make you feel less alone and more connected with the world at large. It can open your eyes to issues, successes and challenges that you never dreamed of, and take you to faraway places. Here are the top books all teens should read before they turn 18.
A Wrinkle in Time by Madeleine L’Engle
Though this book recently became popular again due to the release of the movie version, the movie is not a substitute for this beautiful story about family and the process of becoming who you truly are through the angle of space and time exploration.
Wonder by R. J. Palacio
Auggie was born with a facial difference that kept him out of school for years. In fifth grade, he discovers what it’s like to long for normalcy and also that difference can be the most meaningful teacher.
Brown Girl Dreaming by Jacqueline Woodson
The author shares beautiful poetry that will speak to teenagers about her experience of growing up in the South as an African-American in the 1960s and 1970s. The poems are charged with the themes of self-awareness and identity.
The Four Agreements by Don Miguel Ruiz
The attractive advice given in this book is perfect for teens going off to college or beginning a new stage of independence. It is a book that can be reread all throughout life without losing its power.
21. What is special about A Wrinkle in Time?
A. It shows a teen’s difference. B. It’s about space exploration.
C. It has been adapted for film. D. It has opened teenagers’ eyes.
22. Whose book is based on personal experience?
A. Jacqueline Woodson’s. B. R. J. Palacio’s.
C. Madeleine L’ Engle’s. D. Don Miguel Ruiz’s.
23. Which book is intended for teens stepping into a novel life?
A. A Wrinkle in Time. B. Wonder.
C. Brown Girl Dreaming. D. The Four Agreements.
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了青少年在18岁之前应该读的4本顶级书籍。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Though this book recently became popular again due to the release of the movie version,(尽管这本书最近因为电影版发行而再次流行起来)”可知“A Wrinkle in Time《时间的皱纹》”这本书因为电影版的发行而再次流行起来，即这本书被改变成电影；故选C项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“The author shares beautiful poetry that will speak to teenagers about her experience of growing up in the South as an African-American in the 1960s and 1970s.(作者分享了一些优美的诗歌，这些诗歌将向青少年讲述她在20世纪60年代和70年代作为非裔美国人在南方成长的经历)”可知Jacqueline Woodson写的“Brown Girl Dreaming 《棕色女孩梦》”是根据作者的个人经历来编写的；故选A项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“The attractive advice given in this book is perfect for teens going off to college or beginning a new stage of independence. It is a book that can be reread all throughout life without losing its power.(这本书中给出的有吸引力的建议非常适合青少年去上大学或开始独立的一个新阶段)”可是Don Miguel Ruiz写的“The Four Agreements《四个约定》”适合青少年将去上大学或者开始独立的一个新阶段，即这本书适合即将步入新的生活的青少年们；故选D项。
B
We humans are addicted to sugar. That makes sense. All animals need sugar to live. It’s the fuel that powers our cells. So it’s not surprising that we’re born to want the sweet stuff.
Sugar stores the sun’s energy like a battery. After a meal, your body breaks down foods into their building blocks. It uses some sugar for energy right away. The rest get stored for the body to break down later. It’s a myth that sugar makes you extremely excited, but having a sugary snack can give you a quick burst of energy. That’s because the sugar in sweet foods is easy for your body to turn into fuel. When you eat other kinds of foods, like vegetables, it takes longer for your body to break the sugar down.
These days it’s easy to find sweet snacks. Sodas, candy, cakes and even foods that seem healthy, such as yogurt, can be packed with sugar. Food makers add sugar, because they know that to humans, sweet makes everything taste better. Americans eat about 20 teaspoons of extra sugar every day. That’s more than what is good for us.
Eating too much sugar can cause more than a stomachache. It can make people overweight, decay the teeth and even cause diabetes(糖尿病). However, experts aren’t worried about naturally sweet foods — the problem is added sugar. So go ahead and enjoy sweet apples or even sugar­rich carrots that are also full of vitamins and other good stuff.
Even cake is great once in a while, as long as you don’t overdo it. After all, no one wants life to be dull. And your body needs its fuel!
24. The first two paragraphs are mainly developed by ________．
A. giving examples B. problem and solution
C. cause and effect D. making comparisons
25. People may be tricked into eating too much sugar because ________．
A. so-called healthy food can be packed with sugar
B. we’re born to want the sweet stuff
C. no one wants life to be boring
D. sugar is the fuel for the plants and animals on the earth
26. What does the author want to stress in Paragraph 4?
A We’d better say no to sweet foods.
B. We’d better consume sugar from natural sources.
C. Eating too much sugar is bad for our health.
D. Experts are worried about added sugar.
27. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Sugar Is Everywhere B. Sugar Brings Happiness
C. Why Do We Love Sugar? D. Why Does Sugar Make Us Fat?
【答案】24. C 25. A 26. B 27. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了人们为什么对糖如此喜爱，糖给人带来能量。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一自然段“So it’s not surprising that we’re born to want the sweet stuff.（所以，我们生来就想要甜的东西并不奇怪。）”和第二自然段“Sugar stores the sun’s energy like a battery.（糖像电池一样储存太阳的能量。）”可知，前两段主要是通过因果关系而发展的。故选C。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三自然段“These days it’s easy to find sweet snacks. Sodas, candy, cakes and even foods that seem healthy, such as yogurt, can be packed with sugar.（现在很容易找到甜点心。苏打水、糖果、蛋糕甚至看起来健康的食物，如酸奶，都可以加糖。）”可知，人们可能会被骗吃太多的糖，因为所谓的健康食品可以包含很多糖。故选A。
26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四自然段“However, experts aren’t worried about naturally sweet foods—the problem is added sugar. So go ahead and enjoy sweet apples or even sugar-rich carrots that are also full of vitamins and other good stuff.（然而，专家们并不担心天然甜味食品——问题是添加糖。所以，继续享用甜苹果，甚至富含维生素和其他有益物质的富含糖的胡萝卜。）”可知，作者想要在第四段中强调我们最好从天然来源摄取糖。故选B。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。阅读全文可知，糖能给人提供必要的能量，且易分解，人天生需要糖分；虽然甜食尝起来可口，但是食用过量的糖有害人体健康，我们最好食用不但富含糖分、还含有维生素和其他有益成分的天然食物。故C项最适合作本文的标题。
C
China's livestreaming e-commerce industry has witnessed explosive growth during the COVID-19 pandemic, thus creating new growth opportunities for a wide range of businesses.
Cao lei, director of the E-Commerce Research Center at the Internet Economy Institute, said that while most e-commerce platforms have now hit bottlenecks in finding new customers, livestreaming provides an important channel for them to tap into customers living in fourth and fifth-tier cities as well as rural areas.“What's more, livestreaming allows hosts to answer call-in questions from digital audiences in real time, which will enhance shopping experiences and attract more netizens to shop online," Cao added.
The number of people likely to watch livestreaming e-commerce events is 388 million in 2020. The typical livestreaming e-commerce session involves celebrities promoting and selling goods while answering questions from an online audience， with everything taking place in real time via devices such as smartphones.
Livestreaming is increasingly gaining popularity as a new online shopping platform among Chinese netizens, creating a huge market worth more than 970 bilion yuan ( $ 149.9 bilion) in 2020. E-commerce giant Alibaba's Taobao Live has taken the lion's share of livestreaming, as 68.5 percent of consumers use the service, according to a survey conducted by the China Consumers Association. Douyin and Kuaishou have taken second and third spots, respectively. Other large Chinese Internet and e-commerce players like JD. com have also thrown their hats into the ring.
Livestreaming has become a key means for brands to gain awareness and boost sales, and for smaller operators such as farmers to have better access to consumers, especially during the pandemic period.
28. What contributes to better shopping experiences in livestreaming?
A. Discount price of products.
B. Participation of some popular guests.
C. Convenience to buy goods at any place.
D. Interaction between hosts and customers.
29. What's the main idea of the third paragraph?
A. The e-commerce giants in livestreaming.
B. The present situation and ways of livestreaming.
C. The influence and effect of livestreaming.
D. The reasons why livestreaming is so popular.
30. What do the underlined words in paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. Throw away their hats. B. Participate in the game.
C. Exchange hats for a ring. D. Ring other e-commerce players.
31. Which company ranks the second in livestreaming in China now?
A. Douyin. . B. Taobao Live.
C Kuaishou. D. JD. com.
【答案】28. D 29. B 30. B 31. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。介绍了现在流行的直播带货，分析了它兴起的原因，并介绍了直播的制作方式和参与企业，以及直播经济产生的影响。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“What's more, livestreaming allows hosts to answer call-in questions from digital audiences in real time, which will enhance shopping experiences and attract more netizens to shop online”（更重要的是，直播可以让主持人实时回答网络观众的提问，这将提高购物体验，吸引更多的网民在线购物）可知，直播间主播与客户的互动增强了用户体验。故选D。
【29题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段的“The typical livestreaming e-commerce session involves celebrities promoting and selling goods while answering questions from an online audience， with everything taking place in real time via devices such as smartphones”（在典型的直播电商环节中，明星们一边推销和销售商品，一边回答网络观众的问题，一切都是通过智能手机等设备实时进行的）可知，第三段主要介绍了直播带货的主要方式。故选B。
【30题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段的“Other large Chinese Internet and e-commerce players like JD. com have also thrown their hats into the ring.”（其他中国互联网和电子商务巨头，如京东公司也加入了竞争）可推测出，划线词thrown their hats into the ring的意思是“参加”，即Participate in the game，故选B。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的“Douyin and Kuaishou have taken second and third spots, respectively”（抖音和快手分别位列第二和第三）可知，目前排名第二的是抖音。故选A。
D
We interviewed two people, one who went from the country to the city and one who did the opposite.
Janet Lincoln is a salesgirl who moved to St. Louis five years ago. Here’s what Janet told us:
“Five years ago I used to live in a small town called Lemon Falls. I grew up and went to high school there. After I graduated I worked in a supermarket. Lemon Falls had a population of about 800 people, and I knew every single one of them. They all knew everything about me, too. You couldn’t do anything without everyone in town knowing about it. The first chance I got I moved to St. Louis and I love it. I don’t know as many people now as I used to, but that’s OK. I have a few good friends, and I see them when I want to. I kind of like being anonymous. I’d never go back to Lemon Falls.”
Troy Henson had the opposite experience. He and his wife, Darla, and their two children moved from St. Louis to Bloomfield three years ago. Here’s what Troy told us:
“The best thing we ever did was get out of St. Louis. Don’t get me wrong; St. Louis is as good a place as any other city, I suppose — if you like cities, that is. We don’t. Both Darla and I grew up in St. Louis. We met at college and got married. Then the kids came along and life got difficult. We didn’t know any of our neighbors. We both had good jobs, but it always seemed like there was never enough money. That all changed when we moved to Bloomfield. I don’t make as much money as I used to, but then we don’t have as many expenses as we did. We know our neighbors. Life is good. We’d never leave Bloomfield.”
32. What troubled Janet when she was in Lemon Falls?
A. She had no friends. B. There was no privacy.
C. There was a lot of competition. D. She couldn’t find a well-paid job.
33. What does the underlined word “anonymous” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. Alone. B. Prepared. C. Sociable. D. Unknown.
34. Different from Janet, Troy ________.
A. prefers country life B. moved to a bigger city
C. grew up in a smaller town D. knows little about his new neighbors
35. What is Troy’s opinion on living in Bloomfield?
A. It is a little boring. B. It is quite comfortable.
C. It costs a lot of money. D. It creates a safe environment.
【答案】32. B 33. D 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。分别说明了Janet Lincoln和Troy Henson对于住在城市和乡村的感受和看法。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Lemon Falls had a population of about 800 people, and I knew every single one of them. They all knew everything about me, too. You couldn’t do anything without everyone in town knowing about it. The first chance I got I moved to St. Louis and I love it. I don’t know as many people now as I used to, but that’s OK.( Lemon Falls的人口大约有800人，我认识他们每一个人。他们也都知道我的一切。你做什么事镇上的人都知道。我一有机会就搬去了圣路易斯，我很喜欢那里。我现在认识的人不像以前那么多了，但没关系)”可知，Janet在Lemon Falls的时候，没有隐私，这困扰着她。故选B。
【33题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段中“Lemon Falls had a population of about 800 people, and I knew every single one of them. They all knew everything about me, too. You couldn’t do anything without everyone in town knowing about it. The first chance I got I moved to St. Louis and I love it. I don’t know as many people now as I used to, but that’s OK. I have a few good friends, and I see them when I want to.( Lemon Falls的人口大约有800人，我认识他们每一个人。他们也都知道我的一切。你做什么事都要让镇上的人知道。我一有机会就搬去了圣路易斯，我很喜欢那里。我现在认识的人不像以前那么多了，但没关系。我有几个好朋友，我可以在想他们的时候去见他们)”可知，Janet搬走是因为Lemon Falls的人彼此太了解，人与人之间没有隐私，所以Janet更喜欢在圣路易斯这种城市里，认识的人不多，自己也不被其他人知道，故画线词意思是“陌生的，不被知道的”。A. Alone.独自的；B. Prepared.准备好的；C. Sociable.社交的；D. Unknown.未知的。故选D。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“We interviewed two people, one who went from the country to the city and one who did the opposite.(我们采访了两个人，一个从乡下去了城市，另一个正好相反)”；第四段中“Troy Henson had the opposite experience.(Troy Henson有相反的经历)”以及最后一段中“We know our neighbors. Life is good. We’d never leave Bloomfield.(我们认识我们的邻居。生活是美好的。我们永远不会离开布卢姆菲尔德)”可知，Troy搬到了乡下，且更喜欢乡村生活。故选A。
【35题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“We know our neighbors. Life is good. We’d never leave Bloomfield.(我们认识我们的邻居。生活是美好的。我们永远不会离开布卢姆菲尔德)”可知，Troy认为住在布卢姆菲尔德很舒服。故选B。
第二节 (共5小题;每小 2分，满分10分)
阅读短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Do you often go out for shopping? How to avoid germs (病菌) when shopping in the grocery store? ____36____.
Firstly, go to the grocery store bright and early when they’re just opening. This might be your best option. By avoiding large groups of people, ____37____, as the virus is mainly spread through close contact with other people.
One of the easiest ways to spread the virus is by touching a contaminated (被污染的) surface and then touching your face, eyes, nose, or mouth. ____38____. This is a lot harder than it sounds, because people touch their faces more than 20 times in a single hour. While a mask can help prevent you from touching your mouth and nose, it is strongly recommended to wear one.
____39____. This may be as simple as avoiding a crowded aisle (过道) and circling back a few minutes later. Since other shoppers might not be as mindful as you are about maintaining social distance, be polite in your request that they keep their distance with a polite “excuse me.”
Just as you’re being thoughtful about your own health, be thoughtful about the health of others, suggests Dr. Larkin. “____40____, see if you can shop for them or teach them to use an online and delivery option,” she says. “Be patient and kind with one another, especially the workers keeping the stores open and functioning — and of course, if you are ill, please stay home and don’t expose others.”
A. If you have an elderly neighbor who needs help
B. You had better stay at home instead of going out
C. Therefore, avoid touching your face while shopping
D. As a result, you should wear a mask when you go shopping
E. Moreover, try to maintain a safe, six-foot distance from other shoppers
F. Before you head out to one, you need some guidelines to ensure your safety
G. you decrease your risk of becoming infected
【答案】36. F 37. G 38. C 39. E 40. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了出去购物时避免感染病毒的几个建议。
【36题详解】
根据上文 “How to avoid germs (病菌) when shopping in the grocery store? （在杂货店购物时如何避免细菌呢?）”可知，空前提出问题。根据下文“Firstly, go to the grocery store bright and early when they’re just opening.（首先，在杂货店刚开门的时候，早点去杂货店。）”可知，下文介绍具体的方法，所以F项“Before you head out to one, you need some guidelines to ensure your safety（在你出去进一个杂货店之前，你需要一些指导来确保你的安全）”承上启下，符合语境，故选F项。
【37题详解】
根据下文“as the virus is mainly spread through close contact with other people（由于病毒主要通过与其他人的密切接触传播）”可知，空后是as引导一个原因状语从句，结合空前“By avoiding large groups of people（通过避免接触人群）”可知，G项“you decrease your risk of becoming infected（你就能减少感染的风险）”切题，故选G项。
【38题详解】
空前提到“One of the easiest ways to spread the virus is by touching a contaminated (被污染的) surface and then touching your face, eyes, nose, or mouth. （病毒传播最容易的一种方法就是通过接触被污染的表面，然后摸你的脸，眼睛，鼻子或者嘴巴）”，所以要避免感染就不要在购物时摸脸，C项“Therefore, avoid touching your face while shopping”符合语境。C项中“touching your face”与上下文呼应，且空后的This指代C项内容，故选C项。
【39题详解】
空处位于句首，是段落主题句，根据本段最后一句“Since other shoppers might not be as mindful as you are about maintaining social distance, be polite in your request that they keep their distance with a polite “excuse me.”（ 由于其他购物者可能不像你那样注意保持社交距离，所以在要求他们保持距离时要礼貌地说一句“对不起”）”可知，本段主要讲要保持距离，E项“Moreover, try to maintain a safe, six-foot distance from other shoppers（此外, 尽量与别的购物者保持安全的六英尺距离）”切题，故选E项。
【40题详解】
根据空后的祈使句“see if you can shop for them or teach them to use an online and delivery option”以及空后的“逗号”可知，空格处应填入一个从句。上文提到“Just as you’re being thoughtful about your own health, be thoughtful about the health of others, suggests Dr. Larkin.”在关心自己健康的同时，还要关心别人的健康，结合空后“see if you can shop for them or teach them to use an online and delivery option（看看你是否能帮他们购物，或者教他们使用网上配送选择）”可推知，A项“If you have an elderly neighbor who needs help（如果你有年迈的邻居需要帮助）”切题，故选A项。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节, 满分45分)
第一节 (共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A businesswoman got into a taxi in midtown. As it was the rush hour and she was in a ____41____ to catch a train, she ____42____ a quick way to reach the train station. “I have been a taxi driver for 15 years!” the driver said ____43____. “You don’t think I know the best way to go?”
The woman tried to explain that she hadn’t ____44____ to annoy him, but the driver kept ____45____. She finally realized that he was too annoyed to be ____46____, so she changed her ____47____. “You know, you are right,” she told him. “It must seem ____48____ for me not to think you know the best way through the city.”
____49____, the driver glanced at his fare (出租车乘客) in the rear­view mirror, and turned into the _____50_____ she wanted. “He didn’t say another word the rest of the ride,” she said, “_____51_____ I got out and paid him. Then he _____52_____ me for what I did.”
When you _____53_____ yourself faced with people like the taxi driver, you will always try to _____54_____ your idea. It can lead to longer arguments, make you lose job chances or _____55_____ marriages. I have discovered one simple _____56_____ that can prevent the disagreement or other difficult situations from _____57_____ a disaster.
The _____58_____ is to put yourself in the other person’s shoes and look for the _____59_____ in what that person is saying. Find a way to _____60_____, and the result may surprise you.
41. A. manner B. hurry C. moment D. way
42. A. chose B. made C. suggested D. wondered
43. A. angrily B. jokingly C. anxiously D. curiously
44. A. promised B. meant C. regretted D. decided
45. A. shouting B. apologizing C. driving D. asking
46. A. careful B. normal C. practical D. reasonable
47. A. identity B. direction C. feeling D. mind
48. A. strange B. unfair C. wrong D. possible
49. A. Surprised B. Worried C. Annoyed D. Disappointed
50. A. mall B. street C. hotel D. company
51. A. after B. because C. until D. since
52. A. blamed B. charged C. compensated D. thanked
53. A. make B. find C. keep D. leave
54. A. give up B. turn down C. point out D. stick to
55. A. destroy B. combine C. suffer D. divide
56. A. method B. life C. matter D. test
57. A. resulting in B. getting at C. setting back D. leading off
58. A. problem B. importance C. reality D. key
59. A. story B. truth C. experience D. expression
60. A. argue B. explain C. agree D. quarrel
【答案】41. B 42. C 43. A 44. B 45. A 46. D 47. D 48. C 49. A 50. B 51. C 52. D 53. B 54. D 55. A 56. A 57. A 58. D 59. B 60. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了一位女商人在乘出租车时，因为走哪条路惹怒了司机，最后女人承认司机的看法，避免了矛盾升级。通过这个故事告诉我们，遇到问题时，我们不要固执己见，要试着站在对方的角度看问题。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于当时是交通高峰期，她急于赶火车，她建议了一条快速到达火车站的路。A. manner方式，举止；B. hurry急忙，匆忙；C. moment片刻；D. way方法。根据句中“a quick way to reach the train station”可知，她想快点到达火车站，由此可知，她急于赶火车，“in a hurry to do sth.”意为“急于做某事”。故选B项。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于当时是交通高峰期，她急于赶火车，她建议了一条快速到达火车站的路。A. chose选择；B. made制造；C. suggested建议；D. wondered想知道。根据下文“You don’t think I know the best way to go?”可知，出租车司机认为自己知道哪条路去火车站最快，由此可知，女人建议了一条快速到达火车站的路，惹恼了司机。故选C项。
【43题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我当出租车司机15年了！”司机愤怒地说。“你认为我不知道最好的路吗？”A. angrily愤怒地；B. jokingly开玩笑地；C. anxiously焦急地；D. curiously好奇地。根据下文“She finally realized that he was too annoyed to be_____”中的“annoyed”可知，女人的建议惹恼了司机，由此可知，司机愤怒地对女人说话。故选A项。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这名女子试图解释说，她无意惹恼他，但司机一直在喊叫。A. promised承诺；B. meant本意是，意欲；C. regretted懊悔；D. decided决定。根据句中“The woman tried to explain”可知，女人试图对司机解释，由此可知，她无意惹恼司机，没想到自己的建议会惹恼他。故选B项。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这名女子试图解释说，她无意惹恼他，但司机一直在喊叫。A. shouting喊叫；B. apologizing道歉；C. driving驾驶；D. asking询问。根据下文“She finally realized that he was too annoyed to be_____”中的“annoyed”可知，司机生气了，由此可知，他一直在对女人喊叫。故选A项。
【46题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她终于意识到他太生气了，以至于不讲道理了，所以她改变了主意。A. careful仔细的；B. normal正常的；C. practical实际的；D. reasonable讲道理的，有理性的。根据上文“but the driver kept _____”可知，司机气得一直对女人喊叫，由此可知，因为太生气了，他已经不讲道理了。故选D项。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她终于意识到他太生气了，以至于不讲道理了，所以她改变了主意。A. identity身份；B. direction方向；C. feeling感觉；D. mind思维方式。根据下文“You know, you are right”可知，女人不再和司机解释，而是承认司机是对的，由此可知，女人改变了主意，“change one’s mind”意为“改变主意”。故选D项。
【48题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“你知道，你是对的，”她告诉他。“我觉得你不知道穿过这座城市的最佳道路，这一定是不对的。”A. strange奇怪的；B. unfair不公正的；C. wrong不对的，错误的；D. possible可能的。根据句中“You know, you are right”可知，女人承认司机是对的，由此可知，她承认自己认为司机不知道穿过这座城市的最佳道路是不对的。故选C项。
【49题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：司机惊讶地从后视镜里瞥了一眼自己的乘客，然后转向她想要走的街道。A. Surprised惊讶的；B. Worried担心的；C. Annoyed恼怒的；D. Disappointed失望的。根据上文“You know, you are right”可知，女人承认司机是对的，由此可知，司机没有想到女人会承认自己是对的，感到很惊讶。故选A项。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：司机惊讶地从后视镜里瞥了一眼自己的乘客，然后转向她想要走的街道。A. mall商场；B. street街道；C. hotel酒店；D. company公司。根据上文“she _____ a quick way to reach the train station”可知，女人向司机建议了一条能快速到达火车站的路，由此可知，司机转向她想要走的街道。故选B项。
【51题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：“在接下来的旅程中，他没有再说一句话，”她说，“直到我下车付钱给他。然后他感谢我所做的一切。”A. after在……以后；B. because因为；C. until直到；D. since自……以来。根据上文“He didn’t say another word the rest of the ride”可知，在接下来的旅程中，司机没有再说一句话，由此可知，直到下车付钱给他，他才开口感谢作者。故选C项。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“在接下来的旅程中，他没有再说一句话，”她说，“直到我下车付钱给他。然后他感谢我所做的一切。”A. blamed责怪；B. charged控告；C. compensated补偿；D. thanked感谢。根据下文“prevent the disagreement or other difficult situations”可知，女人的行为避免了她与司机之间可能会发生的争执，由此可知，司机感谢女人所做的一切。故选D项。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你发现自己面对像出租车司机这样的人时，你会试图一直坚持自己的想法。A. make制造；B. find发现；C. keep保持；D. leave离开。根据句中“yourself faced with people like the taxi driver”可知，句中指发现某种现象，即发现自己面对像出租车司机这样的人时，会试图一直坚持自己的想法。故选B项。
【54题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当你发现自己面对像出租车司机这样的人时，你会试图一直坚持自己的想法。A. give up放弃；B. turn down拒绝；C. point out指出；D. stick to坚持。根据上文“The woman tried to explain that she hadn’t _____ to annoy him”可知，起初，女人试图和司机解释，由此可知，当我们发现自己面对像出租车司机这样的人时，会试图一直坚持自己的想法，和司机解释并理论。故选D项。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它会导致更长时间的争吵，让你失去工作机会或破坏婚姻。A. destroy破坏；B. combine结合；C. suffer遭受；D. divide分开。根据句中“lead to longer arguments, make you lose job chances”可知，一直坚持自己的想法会导致更长时间的争吵或让你失去工作机会等消极影响，由此可知，句中指这种做法会破坏婚姻。故选A项。
【56题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我发现了一种简单的方法，可以防止分歧或导致灾难的其他困难情况。A. method方法；B. life生活；C. matter问题；D. test测验。根据下文“The _____ is to put yourself in the other person’s shoes and look for the _____ in what that person is saying.”可知，下文告诉我们应该站在别人的角度看问题，这是一种可以防止分歧的方法，由此可知，作者发现了一种简单的方法。故选A项。
【57题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我发现了一种简单的方法，可以防止分歧或导致灾难的其他困难情况。A. resulting in导致；B. getting at触及，暗指；C. setting back推迟；D. leading off开始，启动。根据句中“a disaster”可知，句中指导致灾难的其他困难情况。故选A项。
【58题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：关键是设身处地为对方着想，并从对方的话中寻找事实。A. problem问题；B. importance重要性；C. reality现实；D. key关键。根据句中“put yourself in the other person’s shoes”可知，“设身处地为对方着想”应该是避免分歧和矛盾的关键。故选D项。
【59题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：关键是设身处地为对方着想，并从对方的话中寻找事实。A. story故事；B. truth真理，事实；C. experience经验；D. expression表达。根据句中“what that person is saying”可知，我们要学会倾听，从对方的话中寻找事实，不要一味的固执己见。故选B项。
【60题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：想办法达成一致，结果可能会让你大吃一惊。A. argue争论；B. explain解释；C. agree取得一致意见；D. quarrel争吵。根据上文“You know, you are right”可知，女人最终同意了司机的看法，避免了矛盾升级，由此可知，句中指想办法与对方的意见达成一致，结果可能会让你大吃一惊。故选C项。
第Ⅱ卷(非选择题 满分50分)
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Winter Solstice Festival (冬至) is one of the most important ____61____ (festival) celebrated by the Chinese on or around December 22. As early as 2,500 years ago, China determined the point of the Winter Solstice by ____62____ (observe) movements of the sun with a sundial (日晷).
The Winter Solstice became a festival during the Han Dynasty. The Han people ____63____ (regard) the Winter Solstice as a “Winter Festival”, so officials would organize activities. On this day, both officials and common people would have ____64____ rest. In the Tang and Song dynasties, the Winter Solstice was a day to offer sacrifices (供奉) ____65____ Heaven and ancestors. The Qing Dynasty even had the record that “the Winter Solstice is as formal as the Spring Festival,” showing the great ____66____ (important) attached to this day.
The Chinese often celebrate the Winter Solstice Festival together with ____67____ (they) families. ____68____ people eat generally depends on where they come from. In some parts of North China, people ____69____ (traditional) eat dumplings on this day, while in parts of South China, the whole family will get together to have a meal ____70____ (make) of red-bean and sticky rice to drive away bad things.
【答案】61. festivals
62. observing
63. regarded
64. a 65. to
66. importance
67. their 68. What
69. traditionally
70. made
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了对于传统节日——冬至，人们庆祝的形式的演变过程。
【详解】1.考查名词复数。句意：冬至节是中国人在12月22日前后庆祝的最重要的节日之一。one of + 名词复数，表示“……之一”，结合设空前one of the most important，此处用名词复数。故填festivals。
2.考查非谓语动词。句意：早在2500年前，中国就通过日晷观测太阳运动，确定了冬至点。根据设空前的介词by，所以此处要用动名词。故填observing。故填observing。
3.考查动词时态。句意：汉人把冬至当作“冬节” ，所以官员们会组织活动。根据前文“during the Han Dynasty”可知，此处用一般过去时；分析句子，设空处在句中作谓语，所以填regarded。故填regarded。
4.考查冠词。句意：在这一天，官员和百姓都可以休息。短语have a rest，意为“休息”为固定短语，故填a。
5.考查介词。句意：在唐宋时期，冬至是祭天祭祖的日子。短语offer sth. to sth.“提供某物给某物”为固定结构，to为介词。故填to。
6.考查名词。句意：清朝甚至有“冬至和春节一样正式”的记载，显示了这一天的重要性。根据设空前形容词great可知，设空处用名词。形容词important，意为“重要的”，其名词形式为importance。故填importance。
7.考查代词。句意：中国人经常和家人一起庆祝冬至节。根据设空后的名词families可知，空白处要用形容词作定语修饰名词，人称代词they的形容词形式为their，故填their。
8.考查宾语从句。句意：人们吃什么通常取决于他们来自哪里。分析句子，8 people eat generally在句中作主语，为主语从句。空白处作动词eat的宾语，根据意思，所以填连接代词what，因空白处位于句首，所以首字母大写。故填What。
9.考查副词。句意：在中国北方的一些地方，人们传统上在这一天吃饺子，而在中国南方的一些地方，全家人会聚在一起吃一顿红豆糯米饭，驱走不好的东西。根据设空后的动词eat，可知此处用副词修饰动词。形容词traditional，意为“传统的”，其副词形式为traditionally，故填traditionally。
10.考查非谓语动词。句意同上。分析句子可知，10 (make) of red-bean and sticky rice与meal为动宾关系，所以此处用过去分词作后置定语。故填made。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
71. 假定英语老师上课要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。作文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧）, 并在此符号下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下面划一横线, 并在横线下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Last Monday where we had a class meeting, our class teacher informed us activities with the theme “national flag in my heart”. These activities organizing across China aimed to further our understanding of the national flag and promoted our patriotism (爱国主义). Fully aware of its significant, we couldn’t wait to immediate get started. Over the next several days, we learned more about a topic from various aspects. We went through books on it birth. We also collected online stories of the flag in recent years but realized what it symbolizes for every Chinese. At the weekend, we recorded what we had learned and had presented our work on the blackboard.
【答案】1. where→when
2. 在us后加of/about
3. organizing→organized
4. promoted→promote
5. significant→significance
6. immediate→immediately
7. a→the
8. it→its
9. but→and
10. 删除presented前的had
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了我们开展的以“国旗在我心中”为主题的活动。
【详解】1.考查定语从句。句意：上周一，当我们开班会时，我们的班主任通知了我们以“国旗在我心中”为主题的活动。分析句子可知，句子为限制性定语从句，先行词为“Last Monday”，在从句中作时间状语，故应用关系副词“when”引导从句。故将where改为when。
2.考查固定短语。句意：上周一，当我们开班会时，我们的班主任通知了我们以“国旗在我心中”为主题的活动。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“inform sb. of/about sth.”，意为“通知某人某事”，“us”后缺少介词“of/about”。故在us后加of/about。
3.考查非谓语动词。句意：这些在中国各地组织的活动旨在加深我们对国旗的了解，提升我们的爱国主义。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词“aimed”，故应用“organize”的非谓语动词形式，“activities”和“organize”为逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用“organize”的过去分词“organized”，作后置定语。故将organizing改为organized。
4.考查非谓语动词。句意：这些在中国各地组织的活动旨在加深我们对国旗的了解，提升我们的爱国主义。分析句子可知，“aim to do sth.”意为“旨在做某事”，“and”连接“to further our understanding of the national flag”和“to promote our patriotism”作宾语，“promote”前省略了不定式符号“to”。故将promoted改为promote。
5.考查名词。句意：充分意识到它的重要性，我们迫不及待地立即开始。分析句子可知，“its”为形容词性物主代词，后接名词，“significant”为形容词，对应的名词为“significance”，意为“重要性”，为不可数名词。故将significant改为significance。
6.考查副词。句意：充分意识到它的重要性，我们迫不及待地立即开始。分析句子可知，“get started”为动词短语，应用副词修饰，“immediate”为形容词，对应的副词为“immediately”，意为“立即”，作状语。故将immediate改为immediately。
7.考查冠词。句意：在接下来的几天里，我们从各个方面了解了更多关于这个主题的信息。分析句子可知，句中的“topic”特指上文提到的“national flag in my heart”这个主题，故应用定冠词“the”修饰，表示特指。故将a改为the。
8.考查代词。句意：我们查阅了有关它诞生的书籍。分析句子可知，句中“birth”为名词，应用形容词性物主代词修饰，“it”对应的形容词性物主代词为“its”。故将it改为its。
9.考查连词。句意：我们还收集了近年来国旗的网上故事，并认识到它对每个中国人的象征意义。分析句子可知，句中“收集了近年来国旗的网上故事”和“认识到它对每个中国人的象征意义”之间为并列关系，故应用连词“and”连接，表并列，“but”意为“但是”，表转折，不符合语境。故将but改为and。
10.考查时态。句意：周末，我们把了解的东西记录下来，并在黑板上展示我们的成果。根据句中“At the weekend”和“recorded”可知，句子陈述的是过去发生的事，为一般过去时，“and”前后时态保持一致，故应用“present”的过去式“presented”，“had”多余。故删除presented前的had。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
72. 假定你是李华。志愿者们最近对你校学生的周末时间分配进行了调查。请你结合下表内容，给校报英语专栏编辑Mr. Johnson写封信，反映这次调查的结果。内容要求：
1.描述图表内容；
2.分析所反映的问题；
3.提出你的看法。

注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.信的开头和落款已为你写出，不计入总词数
Dear Mr. Johnson.
Recently volunteers have conducted a survey about how the students spend their weekends.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Possible version
Dear Mr. Johnson,
Recently volunteers have conducted a survey about how the students spend their weekends.
As can be seen from the pie, among the surveyed students, about 51% of their time is spent on homework while online activities account for nearly 35%. Meanwhile, doing physical exercise takes up about 7% of their time, sharing the same percentage with reading books.
The survey certainly leaves me deep in thought. Too much homework leaves the students no time for physical exercise or reading, affecting their health and further development. Even worse, many of the surveyed waste much time online, some even addicted to computer games.
So more attention should be given to this case. Students should have more freedom to something more meaningful, rather than just doing boring repetitive exercises. Otherwise, it may have a negative effect on our future.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇图表作文。要求考生结合图表对学生的周末时间分配进行描述，分析图表反映的问题，提出自己的看法。
【详解】1. 词语积累
实施：conduct→carry out
对……有影响：have an effect on →have an impact on
有意义的：meaningful→significant
而不是：rather than→instead of
2. 句式拓展
简单句改为复合句
原句：So more attention should be given to this case.
拓展句：So it is high time that more attention should be given to this case.
【点睛】【高分句型1】As can be seen from the pie, among the surveyed students, about 51% of their time is spent on homework while online activities account for nearly 35%. (as引导非限定性定语从句)
【高分句型2】Too much homework leaves the students no time for physical exercise or reading, affecting their health and further development. (现在分词作结果状语)