英语-2022-2023学年高三下学期开学摸底考试卷C（全国甲卷）

绝密★考试结束前

2022-2023学年高三下学期开学摸底考试卷C（全国甲卷）

（测试时间：120分钟  卷面总分：150分）

注意事项：

1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在本试卷相应的位置。

2. 全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在本试卷上无效。

3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分  听力（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共5小题，每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答

读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1. What is the man doing?

1. Asking for directions.       B. Giving some suggestions.       C. Reporting an emergency.

2. Why is the man dissatisfied with the restaurant?

1. The food is terrible.         B. The service is bad.          C. The prices are rising.

3. What will the man do next probably?

1. Fetch the test result.        B. Finish the report.        C. Do the test.

4. Where does the conversation probably take place?

1. In a park.               B. In a pet store.        C. In a zoo.

5. How many people are there in the man’s basketball team?

1. 9.            B. 10.          C. 15.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6. What is the relationship between the speakers?

1. Mother and son.         B. Wife and husband.        C. Salesperson and customer.

7. What does the woman say about the apartment?

1. It is too small.         B. It is very noisy.         C. It is far from her office.

听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

8. What are the speakers mainly talking about?

1. A trip to Egypt.         B. A TV show.         C. A school project.

9. What does the woman want to do?

1. Win a trip.  B. Learn about natural wonders.   C. Watch another program.

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10. Where will the man have the meeting at 9:00 a.m.?

1. In Room 306.        B. In Room 304.   C. In Room 302.

11. Who will the man have lunch with?

1. Two department managers.   B. A professor.  C. The CEOs.

12. What will the man do at 1:30 p.m.?

1. Work on a report.   B. Attend a lecture.   C. Meet Ms. Black.

听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

13. What does the man think of the woman?

A. Helpful.           B. Friendly.            C. Serious.

14. In which field has the woman had great success?

A. Medicine.     B. Education.      C. Engineering.

15. How will the man get to Moscow?

A. By car.           B. By plane.            C. By train.

16. What can we know about the woman?

A. She works for The Times.

B. She likes traveling.

C. She wants to be an IAS officer.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17. What caused the traffic to stop?

1. A sandstorm.    B. Heavy rain.    C. A night of snow.

18. What day is it today?

1. Wednesday.          B. Thursday.           C. Friday.

19. What season is it now?

1. Early spring.          B. Late autumn.          C. Early winter.

20. What will the weather be like probably on Saturday night?

1. Windy.           B. Cloudy.           C. Rainy.

第二部分  阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列材料，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。

A

Icehouse and ice ticket

As early as Pre-Qin Dynasty, people used natural ice to keep food fresh and make cold drinks. The Zhou royal court had a specialized department called “ice administration”. They collected natural ice blocks each December to store in the icehouse. During the Qing Dynasty, “ice tickets” were used and they were available only to officials and the rich.

Ice container

The most commonly used cooling tool is called “Jian”, which is a big container filled with ice. It was made of clay in early Chinese history, and was later made of copper (铜). The “Jian” can be seen as an ancient refrigerator, which can be used to make cold drinks.

Hiding food in the well

During the Qin and Han dynasties, for common people, the most common way to cool off is by using their wells. Some families put a pot in the well as a cold closet, or put food in a basket and lowered the basket into the well with a rope.

Herbal drinks

During the Qing Dynasty, taking Chinese herbal medicine was popular in Beijing. In hot summer, some people preferred to drink ice water, some boiled perilla leaves, and liquorice as summer soup to keep off the heat. Ancient people also loved to make lotus seed soup in summer for the benefit of strengthening the body.

21. What does “Jian” have the same function as?

A. Container. B. Refrigerator. C. Clay. D. Copper.

22. Which of the following is unavailable to common people?

A. Ice tickets. B. Ice container. C. Hiding food in the well. D. Herbal drinks.

23. What’s the common purpose of the above four ways?

A. To strengthen the body. B. To keep food fresh.

C. To escape the summer heat. D. To make cold drinks.

B

“My ocean is my life.”These are the powerful words of Andre Miller, a marine (海洋的) scientist. He is also the owner of a dive shop that places heavy upon the exploration and conservation of his hometown’s waters.

As a young child, Andre would be fascinated by tales of the sea told by his dad who was a fisherman. When he was six years old, his mum gave him his first equipment of diving. Then, Andre spent his time diving. Andre interned (实习) at a dive shop. With this training, the young diver was able to see new depths. But unfortunately, he saw much damage.

After finishing his studies in marine biology, Andre got to work as a member of the Coastal Zone Management Unit. It was here that once again he was horrified by the rapid decline of the numbers of sea creatures and the negative effects of poor boating practices which caused havoc to the island ‘s coral(珊瑚). Therefore, the first mission of Andre’ s team was to repair destroyed reefs and save coral. And they have been very successful in their efforts.

One of Andre’s perfect moments was his role in the creation of the Carlisle Bay Marine Park. The park has now become the premier dive site in his hometown. Andre describes it as “the best textbook example of how marine parks can benefit the islands”

In 2016, Andre further promised his support of the conservation of Carlisle Bay through his work with other projects. Through their work, Andre ‘s hometown has seen an increase in underwater clean-ups, which has made marine life increase greatly. Andre’ s contagious (有感染力的) passion for marine conservation doesn’t end here. He is always searching for more. Andre Miller is a man on a mission.

24. What made Andre interested in marine life when he was young?

A. The internship at a dive shop.

B. The tales of the sea from his father.

C. The participation in a class about marine life.

D. The information from the textbooks and the Internet.

25. What does the underlined word “havoc“ in Paragraph 3 mean?

A. Damage. B. Harmony. C. Increase. D. Mess.

26. What’s the author’s attitude towards Andre’ s work?

A. Tolerant. B. Doubtful. C. Uncaring. D. Favorable.

27. Which of the following can best describe Andre?

A. Patient and brave. B. Careful and selfless.

C. Determined and creative. D. Intelligent and outspoken.

C

Before you worry about bacon and how much it may cost when new animal welfare laws go into effect next year, let’s talk about the pigs that gave their lives for it.

California has been on the forefront of protecting animals who live short lives on factory farms either to produce food for us or to be slaughtered and sold as food. The latest advance came in November 2018, when 62.7% of the state’s voters supported Proposition 12, the Prevention of Cruelty to Farm Animals Act. The law began going into effect last year, requiring hens and veal calves to be given more space to live in. Starting on Jan. 1st, the law will require that all eggs sold in California come from cage-free hens and that pork sold in the state come from breeding pigs that are not held in cages. These are humane steps designed to lift these animals out of structures that barely allow them to move.

Pork producers have had the longest time to comply (遵守). Some big companies like Hormel Foods have pledged to do so fully, but others have spent the last few years fighting the law rather than figuring out how to put it into practice. They say that the law will significantly raise the price of pork and that it violates the Commerce Clause of the Constitution, which gives Congress sole power over interstate business activity. So far, that fight has been a waste of time that pork producers could have better spent figuring out how to retrofit (翻新)their farms.

They also complain that the regulations on the law are not set. But the California Department of Food and Agriculture, which has yet to finalize the regulations, says that the delay should not have prevented producers from retrofitting their housing for breeding pigs. The agency has publicly posted draft regulations, which mostly concern record-keeping, certification and definitions of terms.

For fans of bacon and other pork, any rise in cost is the price of not having a pig suffer before it’s killed for food. It’s a price the animals shouldn’t have to pay.

28. What do we know about Proposition 12?

A. The law will come into force next year.

B. More space is required for raising hens and pigs.

C. Raising hens and pigs in limited space is humane.

D. Half of the state’s voters subscribed to Proposition 12.

29. What does the underlined word “pledged” in paragraph 3 mean?

A. Suspect. B. Refuse. C. Promise. D. Hesitate.

30. Which of the following is TRUE according to paragraph 3?

A. Some pork producers have raised the price of pork.

B. All the pork producers don’t comply with the law.

C. Pork producers have wasted a lot of time retrofitting their farms.

D. Pork producers resist the Commerce Clause of the Constitution.

31. Which word can best describe the author's attitude to the new animal welfare laws?

A. Skeptical. B. Conservative C. Tolerant. D. Favorable.

D

Migratory (迁徙的) birds are declining globally because of the way that humans have changed the landscape over recent decades — according to new research from the University of East Anglia (UEA).

A new study published today reveals that population declines have been greatest among species that migrate to areas with more human infrastructure — roads, buildings, power lines, wind turbines (涡轮机) — as well as more population and hunting levels.

Dr. James Gilroy, from UEA’s School of Environmental Sciences, said, “We know that migratory birds are in greater decline than non-migratory species, but it’s not clear why. We want to find out where in their life cycles these migratory species are most exposed to human impacts.”

The research team identified 16 human-induced threats to migratory birds, including infrastructure associated with bird disturbance and impacts, transformation of land from natural habitat to human land use, and climate change. Advances in satellite imagery allowed the team to map each of the 16 threats across Europe, Africa and Western Asia. The team also created the first ever large-scale map of hunting pressure across the region. A total of 103 species of migrating birds were studied, including many rapidly declining species like the turtle dove and the common cuckoo, using large-scale datasets. The team calculated threat scores for factors such as habitat loss and climate change, across breeding locations, as well as non-breeding ranges. They then explored the relationships between these threat scores and bird population trends calculated from 1985 to 2018 by the Pan-European Common Bird Monitoring Scheme (PECBMS).

Dr. Aldina Franco, also from UEA’s School of Environmental Sciences, said, “Our findings are important because we need to understand where declining species are being most impacted by humans across their seasonal migrations. Locating where birds are most exposed to these threats could help us target conservation actions.”

32. What causes migratory birds to decrease?

A. A longer migratory route. B. Serious industrial pollution.

C. Illegal hunting from humans. D. The changing of landscape.

33. What does the underlined word “infrastructure” in paragraph 2 refer to?

A. Basic systems and services. B. Local transportation.

C. Internet facilities. D. Power supplies.

34. What does paragraph 4 talk about?

A. The results of the study. B. The promise of the study.

C. The process of the study. D. The database of the study.

35. What is the purpose of studying migratory birds according to Dr. Aldina Franco?

A. To raise people’s awareness of protecting birds.

B. To offer advice to do conservation work precisely.

C. To stress the necessity of increasing bird population.

D. To state the importance of living in harmony with nature.

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Why do people find it so hard to concentrate while studying or working? Perhaps it’s because the distractions (干扰) around are too much to resist. I remember those days before my school exams, when I showed no interest in lessons or assignments. This is because we feel that our work or studies are boring. ____36____

Make the work exciting. Now the general assumption is that the one work in hand is worth a lot less than two other in the bush. ____37____ Psychologists believe that if you are really interested in what you are doing, you will refuse to see the distractions around you! So, to learn to concentrate on work, you first need to make the world exciting.

____38____ The target might be pretty long shot. So try to set a short-term goals, and you get a feeling of achievement each time. Effective goal-setting is a good way to break up your target into shorter goals and ensure that the progress is according to the plan. The drive to achieve the targets and goals set for yourself will keep you focused.

Keep all the distractions away. When you’re working, anything can distract you. So, keep them all away. Tell your friends to call later, and keep the phone away. ____39____ Turn the TV and music player off, and stay as far away from them as possible. Namely, keep all the distracting stuff out of sight.

Reward yourself. Rewards are just as important as anything else! If you have completed your goals, give yourself more than just a pat on the back. Treat yourself to something you feel you deserve. ____40____

A. Pay attention to your future.

B. Set long and short-term goals.

C. But why don’t you make it exciting?

D. Tell the people around you to talk softly.

E. Hence, it’s time to get rid of this idea altogether.

F. It is essential that you maintain your focus, so that it gives you an edge over them!

G. This will help you feel compensated for your efforts and push you to realize your goals.

笫三部分  语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节  完形填空（共20小题；每小题1. 5分，满分30分）

阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

It was a beautiful day with the sun shining brightly. ____41____to spend some time outdoors, I went up the mountain with Uncle Jimmy. The mountain was not easy to climb and had tough rocks and streams on it. Halfway up the mountain, ____42____and hot, I couldn’t go any further. ____43____, we went back down the mountain in the end. On the way back down, Uncle Jimmy asked me a question, which ____44____me speechless for a second: “What’s your dream, young lady?” “I have no idea,” I answered after thinking for a while. Then he smiled and told me about his ____45____. He didn’t ____46____well at school when he was a student. Although ____47____thought he could succeed, he knew ____48____what his dream was—to be a ____49____. “I knew I wasn’t _____50_____when it came to studying, so I tried to buy snacks from a nearby market and sell them after class,” he told me. After he left school, he started selling different items to _____51_____which one was most attractive to customers. Of course, he often had no money in his pocket, but however _____52_____life was, he never gave up.

“There is no doubt that a person who puts in a great deal of _____53_____to reach his or her goal will have good luck at some point. The meaning of life is to _____54_____your dream,” he said in a gentle voice.

That night I could not fall asleep. With my eyes wide open, I lay in bed tossing and turning and I asked myself, “What’s my motivation?” I wanted to be a top student, but the hard work _____55_____meant putting everything into following my _____56_____. If I find myself _____57_____willpower, what should I do? Leaving home early the next morning, I climbed the mountain again all by myself. It made me think: If we don’t _____58_____it to the top of a mountain, how can we enjoy the scenery there? At last, I reached the top and was _____59_____by the warm breeze and sunshine. Nothing could be more _____60_____than that.

41. A. Hesitant B. Eager C. Satisfied D. Unwilling

42. A. worried B. anxious C. scared  D. exhausted

43. A. Therefore B. However C. Meanwhile D. Furthermore

44. A. left B. caused C. pushed D. brought

45. A. career B. story C. idea D. confusion

46. A. behave B. respond C. perform D. impress

47. A. somebody B. everybody C. nobody D. anybody

48. A. clearly B. directly C. shortly D. rapidly

49. A. chef B. scholar C. deliveryman D. businessman

50. A. skilled B. gifted C. diligent D. knowledgeable

51. A. make sure B. check in C. figure out D. count on

52. A. secure B. tough C. reliable D. boring

53. A. talent B. potential C. effort D. ambition

54. A. chase B. create C. change D. promote

55. A. directed B. connected C. pulled D. involved

56. A. demand B. ability C. strength D. passion

57. A. desiring B. sharing C. lacking D. possessing

58. A. make B. reach C. get D. bring

59. A. shocked B. amused C. honored D. greeted

60. A. unexpected B. pleasant C. relaxing D. challenging

第二节（共10小题：每小题1. 5分，满分15分）

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

On November 15th, 2022, the world’s population reached 8 billion people, a milestone in human development. While it took the global population 12 years to grow from 7 to 8 billion, it ____61____ (take) approximately 15 years—until 2037—to reach 9 billion, ____62____ sign that the overall growth rate of the global population is slowing down.

____63____ (current), China and India are the most populated countries in the world, ____64____ 1. 4 billion people in each country. However, ____65____ (base) on UN projections, India will surpass

China for the first time in 2023. More than half of the predicted increase in the global population up to 2050 will be concentrated in eight countries. On November 15th, China Daily published United Nations Secretary-General Antonio Guterres’s article,

____66____ title was “Eight billion people, one humanity”. ____67____ he puts it, with our human family growing larger, our world is growing more divided, challenged by food insecurity, deepening inequalities, the climate crisis and an unequal COVID-19 ____68____ (recover). He stresses that global gatherings in November— COP 27 and the G20—are chances ____69____ (bridge)divides,

Restore trust, and ensure that our 8-billion-strong world could yield enormous _____70_____ (opportunity) for some of the poorest countries.

第四部分  写作（共两节，满分35分）

第一节  短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均限一词。

2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Hello, everyone. Welcoming to Enjoy Your Life again. Today I’d like to introduce a special camp to you during your summer break. OK, now, let me bring them to you. Greenwood, a magical literature camp for a young, is open to boys and girls of grade five to seven. The basic idea is bring together teenagers to take part in lots of fun team-based activities. Students of all abilities get together for two weeks and read novels as well as learn what to write poems in teams. At the end of the camp, each of the students have his/her own works. Come and share the literature experience in Greenwood. It is real a big chance for all literature fans. Are you ready to join in us?

If you’re interested but want to join, please call us.

第二节  书面表达（满分25分）

假如你是李华，是学校诗歌社团的负责人。你校美国交换生Tom发邮件想加入该社团，请你给他回复，包括以下内容：

1. 介绍诗歌社团;

2. 近期的活动安排;

3. 表示欢迎。

注意：1. 词数100字左右;

2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

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