牛津译林版八年级下册Unit 1 Past and Present 单词讲解学案

这是一份牛津译林版八年级下册Unit 1 Past and Present 单词讲解学案，共5页。
译林版八年级下册Unit 1 单词讲解标有√的内容为书本上的词组或句子1          past  /pɑ:st/  n.过去        in the past 在过去（一般过去时）        in the past five years 在过去的五年里（现在完成时），形容词“过去的”        over the past century在过去的一个世纪里        past 介词：从旁边经过2          present  /ˈpreznt/ n.现在，目前        at present 目前（现在进行时）=at the present time        present 礼物  birthday presents         learn more about Beijing’s past and present 了解更多北京的过去和现在3          just  /dʒʌst/   adv.刚才 (现在完成时)        I've just eaten it.  我刚刚吃了它。4          used to   （用于过去持续或经常发生的事）曾经        used to do sth 过去常常做某事否定：usedn’t to do 、 didn't use to do         There used to be... =There was/were once...（there be句型）过去曾经有。。。        You used to share food with me!  你以前常会和我分享食物。        You used to be so kind to me. 你曾经对我很好。        be /get used to sth/doing sth 习惯某物/习惯做某事        be used to do =be used for doing 被用来做某事Eg：I have been used to getting up early.The colourful paper is used to make roses.The knife is used for cutting paper.Tom uesd to take exercise every morning.5          since  /sɪns /    conj.自…以来        since +一般过去时的句子,主句用现在完成时        I've lived here since I was born. 自从我出生，一直住在这里。        since+过去时时间点，句子用现在完成时    Eg：We have lived here since 2 years ago/since 2016.6          ever   /'evə(r)/  adv.曾经        现在完成时，用于句中。        Have you ever moved house? 你曾经搬过房子吗？7          northern  /'nɔ:ðən/  adj.北方的，北部的        in the northern part of = in the north of ... 在...北部        I first lived in the northern part of town with my parents.我起初是和我父母一起住在小镇北部的。8          married  /'mærɪd/   adj.已婚的，结婚的        When I got married... 当我结婚....        be married 延续性动作，marry/get married短暂性动作        A marry B   A嫁或娶B        A get/be married to B   A嫁或娶B        They married/got married/were married. 9 wife    /waɪf/ n.妻子10 block /blɔk/ n.街区11 since /sɪns /   prep.自…以来12 over   /'əʊvə(r)/ prep.在…期间        over the past 3 years./over the years 现在完成时        Has the town changed a lot over the years?   在过去几年里小镇改变了吗？13      turn ... into ...  把…变成…Eg:Ice turns into water.   We turn the plastic bags into flowers.        The government has turned part of the town centre into a new park.政府已经把部分镇中心变成了一座新公园。14      pollution    /pəˈlu:ʃn/    n.污染；污染物        Was pollution a problem then? 那时污染会是一个难题吗？        air pollution 空气污染；water pollution 水污染        pollute 动词：污染     pollute the water  污染水        polluted 被污染的     the polluted water 被污染的水15 factory   /'fæktrɪ/   n.工厂16 waste /weɪst/   n.废料；废品17 realize   (realise)  /'ri:əlaɪz/   vt.&vi.意识到；现实        realize sth     Eg: realize his dream =his dream comes true.           realize the problem意识到问题 18      situation ˌ   /sɪtʃuˈeɪʃn/ n.形式，情况Eg: The present situation is very terrible.现在的情况很糟糕。        take action to improve the situation   采取行动来改善环境19 in some ways   在某种程度上20 however   /haʊˈevə(r)/ adv.然而21 impossible ɪmˈpɒsəbl adj.不可能的反义词：possible    副词：possibly        It has become impossible for us to see each other as often as before. 对我们来说，像以前一样常见到彼此变得不可能了。22      before /bɪˈfɔ:(r)/  adv.以前，过去，已经        as often as before 像以前一样经常...        作为时间状语用于句末：现在完成时23      lonely /'ləʊnlɪ/   adj.孤独的，寂寞的        feel a bit lonely   感到有一点孤独            a lonely village 一座偏僻的村庄             live alone  独自居住 24      from time to time   不时，有时，偶尔        From time to time =at times=sometimes25 anyway   /ˈeniweɪ/   adv.尽管，即使这样26 husband   /'hʌzbənd/   n.丈夫27 interview   /'ɪntəvju:/  n.采访；会见       tell me more about your interview with Mr Chen 告诉我更多关于你对陈先生的采访。       have an interview with sb 采访某人=interview sb        interview 动词：采访    interview sb28 all one’s life   一生29 yet   /jet/   adv.还，仍        用于疑问句，一般用于句末，“已经”        用于否定句，用于句末，“还”30 recently ˈ/ri:sntli/   adv.近来，最近  （现在完成时）31 past    /pɑ:st/ adj.过去的32 environment   /ɪn'vaɪrənmənt/   n.环境33 condition    /kənˈdɪʃn/    n.环境，条件，状况        living conditions  生活条件34      return  /rɪ'tɜ:n/    vi.返回        She's just returned from the USA. 她刚从美国回来。        return to sp回到某地        return = come/go back        return是短暂性动词，对应的延续性动词是be back.35      last      /lɑ:st/  adv.最近，上一次，最后        When did you last see each other? 你们上一次相见什么时候？        in the last World Cup 在上一次世界杯 （一般过去时）        during /in the last two week  在最近的两周 （现在完成时）36 abroad /əˈbrɔ:d/ adv.在（到）国外去        She went abroad with her parents.她和父母出国了。37 primary /'praɪmərɪ/ adj.小学教育的；初级的38 keep in touch   保持联系        So how do you keep in touch with each other? 所以你们彼此如何变成联系的？        get in touch with sb 和某人取得联系(短暂性动词)        be/keep in touch with sb 和某人有/保持联系(延续性动词)Eg: How long have you been in touch with each other?39      communicate   /kə'mju:nɪkeɪt /vi.&vt.交流，交际        communicate with sb 和某人交流 =have communication with sb40      communication /kəˌmju:nɪ'keɪʃn/    n.交际，交流        make communication much easier  使得交流容易得多了41 exactly /ɪgˈzæktli /      adv.（答语）正是，没错42 be/get used to   习惯于，适应于43 open space   开阔的空地        space ①空地：可数名词    ②空间：不可数名词（=room）  ③太空Eg: There were large open spaces.   Willy dreamed of flying to space.   We should do something to make some space for wild animals.