牛津译林版七年级下册 Unit 1 Dream homes 高频考点学案

七年级下册Unit 1 Dream homes

高频考点梳理

1. next to       紧邻，在……近旁

       注意意思与near“附近”，by“.......边上”区别；next to强调“隔壁、挨着”

       Next to是介词词组，在句子中仍需要有动词。

Eg: She is standing next to a large toy bear.

       介词词组可做作后置定语。

Eg:Mary lives in a flat next to the city library.(市图书馆隔壁的公寓)

2. in town     在城里，在镇上

       注意介词用in，该词组中没有冠词a/the. 类似于at home.

若有修饰词，需要冠词。

Eg:She once worked in a small town.

3. a town 15 miles from London    离伦敦十五英里远的一座城镇

       a town 是中心词：被修饰的词，15 miles from London 是后置定语，用来修饰a town.

       后置定语一般翻译成“.......的”，结构：中心词+后置定语，后置定语可以是形容词、介词词组、非谓语动词等。

Eg:① the girl in red   穿着红色衣服的女孩

   ②some sheep under the tree  树底下的一些羊

   ③the children running playing football   踢足球的孩子们（playing表示the children与play之间是主动关系）

       注意：翻译句子时，若中文中出现两个动词，要分清哪个动词是谓语动词，做后置定语的动词不是谓语动词，不能进行时态变化，一般用doing\to do\done等形式，七年级考查doing的较多。

Eg: ①Maria has（谓语动词） many e-friends living in China（后置定语）. Maria有许多生活在中国的网友。

②The girl standing at the school gate（后置定语） is (谓语动词) his cousin.站在校门口的女孩是他的表妹。

③Can you see the basket full of flowers?你能看到那个装满花的篮子吗？该句子中谓语动词是see，be full of 中的be动词没有了，用full of 形容词词组做后置定语，这种考查方式非常常见！

④I want a notebook different from yours.我想要一本和你的不同的笔记本。该句子中谓语动词是want,be different from中的be动词没有了，用different from形容词词组做后置定语。

4. have fun with    跟……玩得高兴

    have fun doing =have a good/wonderful/great time doing=enjoy oneself doing 做某事很开心

       It’s fun to do 做某事是有乐趣的。

       fun不可数名词，可以用much/a lot of/ great等来修饰

       注意：结合感叹句考查

Eg: What great fun they have flying kites! (They have great fun flying kites.)

   What fun it is to read so many stories! (It is fun to read so many stories.)

5. look out at the beach      向外眺望海滩

       look的相关词组：look out of...向....外面看 ；look out 当心；look out for... 当心....；

look at... 看着...；look out at... 向外看着...；look after 照顾 =take care of

       look+形容词  看起来... ,做题时看清楚后面是否还有at

       系动词有：sound/look/smell/taste/feel/ be/become/get/turn /keep/stay+形容词

Eg:①The little girl looked happily out at the green tree.

②Anna always looks sad and sometimes looks sadly at the sky.

6. share sth. with sb.     与某人合用/分享某物

       share sth   分享/某物

       share with sb   和某人分享/合用

       注意：翻译时“合用、共用”这个意思

7. the best place to chat      最好的聊天场所

       a good place/time to do 做某事的好地方/时间

       the best time/place to do 做某事的最好时间/地方

Eg: Spring is the best time to fly kites.春天是放风筝的好时节。

   Museums good places for us to learn about this city.博物馆是我们了解这个城市的好地方。

8. be … feet tall      高……英尺

       foot 脚、英尺，复数feet

       数量+量词+形容词

Eg: The bridge is 10 metres wide. 这桥10米宽。

   She is 10 years old. 她10岁。

       数词+量词+形容词做表语（即后面不加名词）

Eg: The tree is 3 meters tall.

       数词-量词单数-形容词做定语（即后面需加名词） 

Eg:This is a 3-meter-tall tree.这是一课3米高的树。

   The boy is 8 years old. =He is an 8-year-old （15岁的）boy.

   It is a 10-meter-wide (10米宽) bridge.= The bridge is 10 meters wide.

9. have/take an area of         占地面积……

       have/take an area of+面积= is +面积+in size.

Eg: Our school has an area of 3000 square meters.=Our city is 3000 square meters in size.

10. There are about 8,000,000 people living in London. 有大约8,000,000人住伦敦。

       There be sb doing.(有某人在做某事) sb和do之间是主谓关系（主动关系）

例句中people与live是主谓关系，所以用living.

       There be sth to do.(有某事要做) sth和do是动宾关系（被动关系）

Eg: ①There are some students cleaning the classroom.(学生打扫)

②There are a lot of clothes to wash.(洗衣服：衣服被洗)

11. hundreds/thousands/millions of     数百/数千/数百万/数十亿

       hundreds/thousands/ millions/billions of 中hundred\thousand\million/billion后面出现s和of...,则前面不出现具体数字，翻译时注意意思可以分别是：成百上千/成千上万/数百万/数以亿计

Eg: thousands of books 几千本书

       数字+hundred/thousand/million/billion，此时有具体数字，hundred/thousand/million/billion后不加s，不用of.

Eg：five hundred students 500名学生

       数字+hundred/thousand/million/billion+of+the+名词复数，此时of+ the...表示范围。

Eg: two hundred of the students 学生中的200人/其中的200名学生

12. the first to come to school      第一个到校的(学生)

       序数词+to do   第几个做某事

Eg: Tom is the second/the last to finish homework.

       一般情况序数词前有the; 当序数词前有Jim’s或his/my等，the不写。

Eg: It's his ninth birthday.这个他的九岁生日。

       基数词后名词要注意单复数，序数词后名词用单数。

Eg :There are 8 lessons in Book 2,and this is the third lesson.

13. of one's own     属于某人自己的

       a room of his own=his own room

       own  形容词：自己的；动词：拥有

       owner 主人

       on one’s own =alone= by oneself 独自

14. each 每个

       each+单数 （做主语看作单数） 

       each of +复数 （做主语看作单数）  

       复数+each （做主语看作复数）

       each与every的区别：each指≥2个中的“每一个”，every指≥3个中的“每一个”。

       注意没有everyone of ...的用法，有every one of 的用法。

Eg：①The students each have some new books.

②Each of the students likes PE lesson.

③Each teacher makes their lessons full of fun.

15.take a message     传个话，捎个口信

       message 信息、消息,可数名词  

Eg: She sends me some messages to tell me something about his new life.

       take a message for sb  薇某人捎个口信

       leave a message to sb  给某人留个口信

Eg: Peter isn’t in.You can leave a message to him and I will take a message for you.Peter不在，你可以留个口信给它，我会为你捎个口信。

16. ask hím to call me back    让他给我回电话

       ask sb (not) to do 让某人不要做某事

       call sb back 给某人回电话

17. more than enough    足够多，绰绰有余，太多

       注意中文意思区别：“足够”enough；“多于”more than ；“足够多、绰绰有余、远多于”more than enough

       more than 多于=over than

18. invite sb. to do sth.     邀请某人做某事

       invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事 

Eg: I invite him to have a picnic with us.

       invite sb to sp. 邀请某人去某地      

Eg: Thank you for inviting me to your birthday party.