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福建省福州第一中学2022-2023学年高二英语上学期12月月考试卷（Word版附答案）
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这是一份福建省福州第一中学2022-2023学年高二英语上学期12月月考试卷（Word版附答案），共19页。试卷主要包含了5 分，满分 37，5 分，满分 15 分）等内容，欢迎下载使用。
高二英语
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
WELCOME TO ALPINE ASCENTS
Fr mst peple, Qmlangma is a nce-in-a-lifetime experience. If yu’re cnsidering giving it a sht, g with the best pssible service prvider. Alpine Ascents has been expert in prviding training fr Qmlangma muntaineering. Frm the guidance t the rganizatin — we have the best in the internatinal climbing cmmunity.
Our missin and gals
Using the best climbing talent, we ffer the pprtunity fr climbers at all levels t achieve their persnal desire thrugh quality, challenging, safe and fun training sessins.
Training arrangements
●Physical training
Climbing training
What t d: Hike utdrs, gradually increasing the pack weight until yu feel cmfrtable carrying a 50-60 lbs. pack.
A mnth frm yur climb: Feel cmfrtable hiking n days n end with at least 60 lbs. n the utings.
Strength training
What t d: Train with gym machines t build verall strength, particularly in the cre, upper back, shulders and legs.
In the beginning perid: Build a fundatin fr tugher training. Always be sure t keep prper frms in rder t prevent injury.
●Mental training
What t d: Manage stress, stay psitive and keep n gd terms with fellw climbers. Push yur mental strength just as much.
Never give up: Ging int Qmlangma with a weak mind wn’t get far. Mental tughness is the mst significant t reaching the tp. When yu want t stp, dn’t.
❉ Please nte the fllwing:
Our abslute advantage: Small team sizes with ur climber-t-guide rati being 4: 1 r less.
Scheduled lead guides fr 2023: Ben Jnes alng with Jangbu Sherpa and Eric Murphy.
Yu can find additinal training resurces at www. BdyResults. cm fr training articles, training bks and DVDs, and pay fees fr nline muntaineering-specific training.
1．What is Alpine Ascents?
A．A hikers’ cmmunity.B．A charity rganizatin.
C．An extreme-sprts fundatin.D．A muntaineering service center.
2．Which f the fllwing is key t reaching the summit accrding t the text?
A．Climbing training.B．Strength training.
C．Teamwrk training.D．Mental training.
3．What des Alpine Ascents feature in?
A．Small-sized teams.B．Ppular tur guides.
C．Free nline resurces.D．Flexible arrangements.
B
Nbel prize-winners, legendary(传奇的)authrs, and famus scientists—yu might think all these peple were brn t be creative. Hwever, that’s nt always the case.
While well-knwn figures like Pabl Picass and Albert Einstein did their mst significant wrk in their yuth, famus American pet Rbert Frst and English-brn natural scientist Charles Darwin were knwn as “late blmers” —peple whse talents were nt nticeable until later in life.
This idea f “peaking” at different times inspired new research frm the United States. “Many peple believe that creativity is exclusively(独有地)assciated with yuth, but it really depends n what kind f creativity yu’re talking abut,” said Bruce Weinberg, a prfessr f ecnmics at the University f Chicag and c-authr f the study.
Accrding t the study, published earlier this mnth in the jurnal De Ecnmist, there are tw types f peple: cnceptual(概念的)and experimental thinkers.
T reach this cnclusin, researchers tk the 31 previus winners f the Nbel Prize in ecnmics and arranged them accrding t when they did their mst significant wrk, t identify their creative peaks.
Sme peaked frm ages 25—29. Classified as cnceptual thinkers, these peple think utside f the bx, cming up with new ideas befre they becme used t the cnventinal way f ding things.
The secnd creative peak came with ecnmists in their 50s. These are experimental thinkers wh have been in their fields fr a lng time. This allws them t learn frm errrs and experiment with different prcesses, befre eventually finding new slutins.
“Whether yu hit yur creative peak early r late in yur career depends n whether yu have a cnceptual r experimental apprach,” said Weinberg. He added that their study isn’t limited t ecnmics, saying it can apply t ther creative disciplines(知识领域). S if yu’re struggling t cme up with new ideas, dn’t panic. Yur creative peak may be yet t arrive.
4．What did the study frm the US find?
A．Yung peple are nt necessarily mre creative than ld peple.
B．Mst peple take a cnceptual apprach when thinking.
C．Peple’s creative peak in their life is related t their jb type.
D．Cnceptual and experimental thinkers hit their peaks at different times.
5．What is the characteristic f cnceptual thinkers?
A．They tend t challenge cnventinal rules.B．They are creative due t their yung ages.
C．They are likely t fllw traditinal rules.D．They fail t cme up with new ideas.
6．What d we knw abut experimental thinkers?
A．Their talents usually blm in their 20s.
B．They are gd at ding experiments.
C．They wrk ut new methds based n experience.
D．They are mre successful than cnceptual thinkers.
7．What wuld Weinberg prbably agree with?
A．It’s difficult t find ne’s talent in later years.
B．Mre research needs t be dne abut creative peaks.
C．Cnceptual thinkers culd be mre successful in the art field.
D．Experimental thinkers frm ther fields may succeed in their 50s.
C
Bttlense dlphins simplify and raise the pitch (音高) f their whistles t be heard abve underwater shipping nise. Christpher Intagliata reprts.
The ceans are getting luder. And castal areas are sme f the nisiest, as in this underwater recrding, cvering 17 miles ff the cast f Ocean City, Maryland.
The nise culd be a prblem fr underwater animals, which, like us, use sund t cmmunicate. “Just like if we’re in a raucus bar, we have t shut t each ther. And they might have t d that t.” Helen Bailey is an underwater bilgist at the University f Maryland Center fr Envirnmental Science.
She and her clleagues recrded tw mnths f underwater sunds, in that same area ff the cast f Maryland. They used autmated sftware t take ut 200 bttlense dlphin whistles frm the nise, and visually cmpared the spectrgrams (声谱图). Here’s a nrmal whistle.
But what they fund was that dlphins simplified their whistles and raised their pitch when they were cmpeting with shipping nise, which apparently helps, but culd als hurt their ability t cmmunicate.
“By using simpler calls, yes, there is a risk that they’re nt cmmunicating as much in-frmatin as they wuld if it was quieter. Als fr yunger dlphins they actually learn these sunds frm hearing ther dlphins. S they’re hearing this much simpler language.” The results and a few f thse spectrgrams are in the jurnal Bilgy Letters.
The survey site is the prpsed future hme f a wind farm - which culd mean lts f nise as the huge twers are set up. Until then, it’s the lng-lasting rar f ships and bats that Bailey wants peple t think abut carefully. “I think peple think abut bats in terms f the emissins (排放), just like with cars. And I think what we need t think abut is that sund is als an emissin.”
8．When will the bttlense dlphins raise their pitch accrding t the text?
A．When they have t cmpete with ship nise.
B．When they want t catch mre fish in the sea.
C．When they want t sing lud sngs with thers.
D．When they feel angry with the ships.
9．What des the underlined wrd “raucus” in paragraph 3 refer t?
A．Narrw.B．Nisy.C．Unique.D．Mdern.
10．What will happen t the bttlense dlphins if the situatin cntinues?
A．Mre bttlense dlphins will lve t make lud nise.
B．Peple will lse the bttlense dlphins frever.
C．They will have t make lng jurneys in the cean.
D．They will lse the ability t express much infrmatin.
11．What is the best title fr the text?
A．Hw T Prtect The Marine Mammals — Bttlense Dlphins
B．Bttlense Dlphins Raise The Tune T Help The Wind Farm
C．Bttlense Dlphins Raise The Tune T Cmmunicate With Ships
D．Bttlense Dlphins Make Easy Calls Abve Under Ship Nise
D
The 2022 Chinese Visual Ethngraphic Pht Biennale(中国民族影像志摄影双年展)，which aims t cllect and preserve the unique histry, culture and cherished memries f China’s varius ethnic grups, pened in Beijing n Tuesday.
The exhibitin cmbines a grand narrative f the cntemprary lives f Chinese ethnic grups with vivid lcal scenery, cnnects ancient Chinese civilizatin t the new era and mirrrs the evlutin and rebirth f the traditinal culture f the Chinese natin in mdernizatin.
The phtgraphers taking part in the exhibitin cme frm all ver China and frm varius backgrunds such as university students r migrant wrkers. Sme are amateur phtgraphers, while thers are prfessinals.
Liu Hui is ne f the phtgraphers whse wrks are n display at the exhibitin. His phts dcument his in-depth explratin f Daliyabyi, a village in Yutian cunty, Nrthwest China’s Xinjiang Uygur Autnmus Regin. Over the past decade, Liu has recrded the lts f changes that have taken place in the village and the impact these have had n villagers’ lives. He has taken mre than 150, 000 phts f these villagers wh riginally lived in the desert. The phts at the exhibitin fcus n an ld herdsman in the village. The herdsman and his family have benefited frm lcal pverty-relief plicies, mving frm the desert t a new twn with paved rads. Escaping frm a tugh envirnment, the herdsman establishes a new life fr himself and his family that blends traditin and mdernity.
Yan Shuzhen’s wrks have als been selected fr the exhibitin. In a cnnected series f phts, the phtgrapher creates a windw fr viewers t appreciate a special traditinal ceremny f the Mnglian ethnic grup. The cutting hair ceremny is ne f the mst imprtant and grand ceremnies n the path t adulthd amng ethnic Mnglians. During the ceremny, elders send their best wishes fr the future t the children taking part, while sngs and speeches f praise full f traditinal values reveal the rich characteristics f the ethnic grup.
At the Biennale, many realistic and mving wrks grabbed peple’s attentin. These wrks demnstrate the prgress f China’s ethnic grups and shw the backbne and full picture f the unified spirit that binds the cuntry’s diverse cultures.
As a spiritual hme fr the unity f China’s 56 ethnic grups, the Biennale has demnstrated its prfund significance in prmting mutual understanding and unity amng different ethnic grups in the cuntry.
12．What d Liu Hui’s wrks try t illustrate?
A．The vivid lcal scenery f ethnic grups.
B．The culture and custms f ethnic grups.
C．The betterment f ethnic grups in Xinjiang.
D．The cntributin f mdern ethnic grups.
13．What can be learnt abut Mnglians frm Yan Shuzhen’s pictures?
A．They hld ceremnies frequently.
B．They care a lt fr their children.
C．They’ve changed living cnditins.
D．They settle in a wild inhabited area.
14．What has eased the pverty f the herdsman?
A．The street exhibitins.
B．The huse recnstructin.
C．The phtgraphers’ help.
D．The gvernment supprt.
15．What is the authr’s attitude twards the exhibitin?
A．Oppsite.B．Supprtive.
C．Dubtful.D．Uncncerned.
第二节共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项 为多余选项。
Being a gd friend isn’t always easy, but taking time t develp a lasting friendship is wrth the effrt. As the years pass, yu will realize that each friendship yu keep is priceless. ___16___. T be a gd friend and deepen a friendship, just fllw these steps.
Dn’t ever make a prmise that yu can’t keep.
If yu say yu’ll hang ut with a friend but an unexpected situatin appears, explain the situatin. Give yur friend a gift and tell him yu are srry. Nbdy is perfect, and it’s kay if yu break a prmise nce in a blue mn. ___17___.
Aplgize when yu’ve made a mistake.
___18___. Thugh yur friend wn’t be happy that yu made a mistake, he will be very pleased that yu admit it instead f just pretending that nthing is wrng.
___19___.
T be truly supprtive, yu will have t be able t watch ut fr yur friend when he is having a hard time. If yu feel that yur friend is getting int sme truble, help him away frm the situatin by nt being afraid t get invlved.
Give yur friend sme space when he needs it.
Part f being supprtive means supprting the fact that yur friend wn’t always want t spend time with yu. Learn t step back and give yur friend space. ___20___ Dn’t be jealus (妒忌的) if yur friend has lts f ther friends.
A．Hwever, dn’t make it a regular thing
B．Help yur friend deal with his difficulties
C．Learn t frgive yur friend and mve frward
D．Of curse, t have a gd friend, yu must be ne
E．If yu want yur friend t trust yu, yu can’t act like yu’re perfect
F．Take time t truly understand yur friend when he is talking t yu
G．Try t understand if yur friend wants t be alne r t hang ut with ther peple
第二部分语言运用 （共两节，满分 30分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Rsie Hneywd was happy t receive her new lcks frm a charity, Little Princess Trust. It prvides wigs (假发) fr children wh have lst their wn ____21____ thrugh cancer treatment r frm varius ther ____22____ reasns. The yungster, wh suffered frm alpecia (脱发症) at the age f tw, has never felt embarrassed abut her ____23____ f hair. It was nly when she started ____24____ that she wanted t get a wig, s she culd ____25____ like her fellw classmates as well as sme f her favrite princesses.
Rsie said: “I was extremely ____26____ n the day befre I gt my wig. The Little Princess Trust knew that I had gt alpecia s they ____27____ me a wig t lk as if my hair had grwn ____28____.”
When Rsie ____29____ her wig, she asked her mum why they didn't have t _____30_____ it. Her mm explained hw charities like the Little Princess Trust _____31_____. After hearing abut the prcess, Rsie was keen t _____32_____ ther children in a similar psitin t her. Tgether with her mum, she wanted t _____33_____ t cmplete the 5 km alng the seafrnt (海边) t raise mney fr the charity.
The pair _____34_____ their first 5 km practice last week and have already hit their fund raising target. Her mm added: “I was s impressed with everyne at the _____35_____ and what they d, and it wuld be amazing t fund as many wigs as we can.
21．A．cnfidenceB．galC．skinD．hair
22．A．visualB．medicalC．reliableD．false
23．A．lackB．benefitC．recveryD．definitin
24．A．hspitalB．schlC．cmpanyD．gym
25．A．actB．playC．sundD．lk
26．A．scaredB．cnfusedC．happyD．upset
27．A．intrducedB．gaveC．recmmendedD．shwn
28．A．slwB．ddC．lngD．tall
29．A．receivedB．bughtC．spttedD．cycled
30．A．bring inB．hld backC．get thrughD．pay fr
31．A．appearB．varyC．wrkD．tell
32．A．helpB．preventC．identifyD．bserve
33．A．pretendB．trainC．assistD．frget
34．A．cmpletedB．rentedC．preferredD．cllected
35．A．churchB．cmmunityC．charityD．kindergarten
第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Calligraphy, the art f writing, was the visual art frm prized abve all thers in traditinal China. Painting was cntemprary with calligraphy, sharing ___36___ same tls—namely, brush and ink. Yet calligraphy was regarded ___37___ a fine art lng befre painting.
The status f calligraphy reflects the imprtance f the wrd in China. ___38___ makes the written wrds distinctive is its visual frm. Hwever, despite its abstract ___39___ (appear), calligraphy is nt an abstract frm. Chinese characters are dynamic, clsely cnnected with the frces f nature and the kinesthetic (运动) energies f the human bdy.
Hw can a simple character cnvey all this? The use f brush and ink ___40___ (have) much t d with it. A calligrapher can cntrl the ___41___ (thick) f the ink by varying bth the amunt f water and the slid ink. Once he starts writing, by lading the brush smetimes with ___42___ (much) ink r smetimes with less, he creates characters that resemble a shwer f rcks here and a drp f dew (露珠) there.
The Chinese written language ___43___ (begin) t develp mre than 3,000 years ag and ___44___ (eventual) evlved int five basic script types. Over the centuries, calligraphers were free t write in any f them, ___45___ ( depend) n the text’s functin. The calligraphic traditin remains alive tday.
写作（共两节，满分 40 分）
第一节（满分 15 分）
46．假定你是李华，准备参加炎帝教育集团英语演讲比赛，主题为“用英语说未来”，你准备讲交通工具。请你写一篇演讲稿，内容如下：
1. 你平常是怎样去上学的；
2. 描述你最理想的交通工具：
3. 交通工具的改进给人们带来了什么。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分25 分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When my daughters reached the third and furth grades, I ccasinally allwed them t walk t and frm schl alne if the weather permitted. One warm spring day, a little dg fllwed them hme after schl. It had shrt legs and lng lvely ears, with a fawn-clred cat. It was the cutest dg I had ever seen and the girls begged me t keep it.
The dg was barely twelve weeks ld. It had n cllar r identifying marks f any srt. I didn't knw what t d. I thught abut running an advertisement in the lst-and-fund but I really didn’t want t. It wuld break the kids’ hearts if smene shuld shw up. Besides, its wners shuld have watched it mre clsely.
By the end f the week the dg was part f ur family. It was very intelligent and gd with the girls. The fllwing week smething tld me t check the lst-and-fund sectin in the lcal paper. One particular advertisement jumped ut at me and my heart punded with fear at what I read. Smene was begging fr the return f a lst dg in the neighbrhd f ur grade schl. They sunded desperate. My hand shk. I culdn’t bring myself t pick up the phne.
Instead, I pretended I hadn’t seen the advertisement. I quickly put paper away in the drawer and cntinued with my dusting. I never said a wrd abut it t the kids r my husband.
By nw we had named the dg. It lked like a Mlly, s that was what we called it. It fllwed the girls everywhere they went. When they went utside, it was ne step behind them. When they did husewrk, it was there t lend a hand.
There was nly ne prblem with this therwise perfect picture: my cnscience (良心) was bthering me. I knew in my heart I had t call that number and see if ur Mlly was the dg they were desperately seeking. It was the mst difficult thing I’ve ever dne.
Paragraph 1:
With mixed feelings, I finally picked up the receiver and dialed.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
One lk at Mlly and the wman’s face lit up like a Christmas tree.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．D 2．D 3．A
本文为一篇应用文。介绍的是为正考虑尝试攀登珠峰人士提供服务和指导的Alpine Ascents服务中心。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Alpine Ascents has been expert in prviding training fr Qmlangma muntaineering. Frm the guidance t the rganizatin—we have the best in the internatinal climbing cmmunity.”（Alpine Ascents是为珠峰登山提供培训的专家。从指导到组织，我们拥有国际攀岩界最好的。）可知，Alpine Ascents是专门为攀登珠峰提供培训的登山服务中心。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据题干中的“key t reaching the summit”（达到顶峰的关键）可将答案定位至“Mental training”（精神培训）部分，根据该部分中“Mental tughness is the mst significant t reaching the tp. ”（要想攀上顶峰，最重要的是意志坚强。）可知，到达巅峰最重要的是坚强的意志。故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一部分“Please nte the fllwing”（请注意以下事项）中的“Our abslute advantage: Small team sizes with ur climber-t-guide rati being 4: 1 r less.”（我们的绝对优势：团队规模较小，登山者与向导的比例为4:1或更少。）可知， Alpine Ascents的最大特点是：小型团队。故选A。
4．D 5．A 6．C 7．D
这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了科学家一项新的研究，人们可以被分为概念型思考者和实验型思考者，而这两种人会在不同的时期达到顶峰。
4．细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容：This idea f “peaking” at different times inspired new research frm the United States. “Many peple believe that creativity is exclusively assciated with yuth, but it really depends n what kind f creativity yu’re talking abut,” said Bruce Weinberg, a prfessr f ecnmics at the University f Chicag and c-authr f the study.(这个在不同时间达到“高峰”的想法启发了美国的新研究。许多人认为创造力只与年轻人有关，但它实际上取决于你所谈论的创造力的类型，”芝加哥大学经济学教授、这项研究的合著者布鲁斯·温伯格说。)和文章第四段内容“Accrding t the study, published earlier this mnth in the jurnal De Ecnmist, there are tw types f peple: cnceptual and experimental thinkers.(根据本月早些时候发表在《经济学家杂志》上的这项研究，有两种类型的人：概念型和实验型。)可知，研究表明概念思考者和实验思考者在不同的时期达到顶峰。故选D项。
5．细节理解题。根据文章第六段内容“Classified as cnceptual thinkers, these peple think utside f the bx, cming up with new ideas befre they becme used t the cnventinal way f ding things.”可知，概念型思考者跳出思维定式，在习惯传统的做事方式之前想出新的想法。故选A项。
6．细节理解题。根据文章第七段内容“These are experimental thinkers wh have been in their fields fr a lng time. This allws them t learn frm errrs and experiment with different prcesses, befre eventually finding new slutins.”可知，实验型思考者在自己的领域已经有很长时间了，这使得他们能够从错误中学习，并尝试不同的过程，最终找到新的解决方案。故选C项。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段内容“He added that their study isn't limited t ecnmics, saying it can apply t ther creative disciplines”可知，在他看来，他们的研究不仅限于经济学，还可以应用于其他创造性学科。选项D“Experimental thinkers frm ther fields may succeed in their 50s.”提到“其他领域的实验型思考者家可能会在50多岁时获得成功”与他的观点“该研究成果也适用于其他需要创新的知识领域”一致。故选D项。
8．A 9．B 10．D 11．D
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了海洋的噪音导致宽吻海豚采用简化叫声并提高音量的方式来进行交流，以对抗船舶的噪音。
8．细节理解题。根据第五段“But what they fund was that dlphins simplified their whistles and raised their pitch when they were cmpeting with shipping nise, which apparently helps, but culd als hurt their ability t cmmunicate.(但他们发现，海豚在与船运噪音竞争时简化了叫声并提高了音调，这显然有助于但也可能损害它们的沟通能力)”可知，当海豚不得不与船运噪音竞争时，它们会提高音调。故选A项。
9．词句猜测题。根据第三段“Just like if we’re in a raucus bar, we have t shut t each ther. And they might have t d that t.(就像如果我们在一个raucus酒吧里，我们不得不彼此大喊。它们可能也不得不这么做)”以及常识可知，当处于喧闹的酒吧时，我们会不得不彼此大喊，以便于被听到。由此推知，划线单词表示“喧闹的”，与nisy同义。故选B项。
10．推理判断题。根据第六段“By using simpler calls, yes, there is a risk that they’re nt cmmunicating as much infrmatin as they wuld if it was quieter. Als fr yunger dlphins they actually learn these sunds frm hearing ther dlphins. S they’re hearing this much simpler language.(通过使用更简单的叫声，是的，存在着这样的风险，即它们的信息交流不如安静时那么多。此外，对于年轻的海豚来说，它们实际上是通过听其他海豚的声音来学习这些声音的。因此，它们正在听这种更简单的语言)”可推知，如果海洋噪音的情况继续恶化，那么海豚将使用更多简单的叫声，年轻海豚能听到的声音是更简单的，将逐渐失去表达复杂信息的能力。故选D项。
11．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Bttlense dlphins simplify and raise the pitch f their whistles t be heard abve underwater shipping nise.(宽吻海豚简化并提高其哨声的音高，以便在水下运输噪音上方听到)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了海洋的噪音导致宽吻海豚采用简化叫声并提高音量的方式来进行交流，以对抗船舶的噪音。由此可知，“宽吻海豚在船只的噪音下发出简化的叫声”可以作为文章标题。故选D项。
12．C 13．B 14．D 15．B
这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了于周二在北京开幕的2022中国民族影像志摄影双年展，它是中国56个民族团结的精神家园，中华民族文化是丰富多元的，中国各民族应相互了解、团结和睦。
12．细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“His phts dcument his in-depth explratin f Daliyabyi, a village in Yutian cunty, Nrthwest China’s Xinjiang Uygur Autnmus Regin.( 他的照片记录了他对达里亚博伊村的深入探索，达里亚博伊村位于中国西北部的新疆维吾尔自治区玉田县。)”和最后一句“Escaping frm a tugh envirnment, the herdsman establishes a new life fr himself and his family that blends traditin and mdernity.(从艰苦的环境中逃离出来，牧民为自己和家人建立了一种融合了传统和现代的新生活。)” 可知，在新疆，牧民从沙漠搬到城镇，过上了新生活。因此，刘辉的作品反映出新疆少数民族的生活得到了改善。故选C项。
13．推理判断题。根据第五段最后两句“ The cutting hair ceremny is ne f the mst imprtant and grand ceremnies n the path t adulthd amng ethnic Mnglians.During the ceremny, elders send their best wishes fr the future t the children taking part, while sngs and speeches f praise full f traditinal values reveal the rich characteristics f the ethnic grup.(剪发仪式是蒙古族成人道路上最重要、最隆重的仪式之一。在仪式中，长辈们向参加的孩子们送上他们对未来的祝福，而充满传统价值观的歌曲和演讲则展示了丰富的民族特色。)”可知，从闫淑珍的作品可以看出剪发礼是蒙古族人重要且盛大的仪式，体现了长辈对孩子的关爱和美好的祝愿。故选B项。
14．细节理解题。根据第四段倒数第二句“The herdsman and his family have benefited frm lcal pverty-relief plicies, mving frm the desert t a new twn with paved rads.(牧民和他的家人受益于当地的扶贫政策，从沙漠搬到了一个铺设了道路的新城。)”可知，牧民摆脱贫困的原因是扶贫政策，即政府的支持。故选D项。
15．观点态度题。根据最后一段“As a spiritual hme fr the unity f China’s 56 ethnic grups, the Biennale has demnstrated its prfund significance in prmting mutual understanding and unity amng different ethnic grups in the cuntry.( 作为中国56个民族团结的精神家园，双年展对促进中国不同民族之间的相互了解和团结具有深远的意义。)”可知作者对这次展览持有积极、支持的态度。故选B项。
16．D 17．A 18．E 19．B 20．G
本文是一篇说明文，就如何成为一个好朋友提出了几点建议。
16．根据本空后的“T be a gd friend and deepen a friendship, just fllw these steps.”可知，要想成为一个好朋友，加深友谊，只需遵循以下几步，故D项（当然，要想拥有好朋友，你本身得是一个好朋友）符合语境。
17．根据本空前的“it’s kay if yu break a prmise nce in a blue mn.”可知，违背一次诺言没关系，故A项（然而，不要让违背诺言成为经常的事情）符合语境。
18．本段主要讲的是有错要承认，即人并不是完美的，要勇于承认错误，让朋友信任你，故E项（如果你想让你的朋友相信你，你就不能表现得像一个完美的人）符合语境。
19．空处为小标题，下文讲述了朋友遇到困难时要给予帮助，故B项（帮助朋友解决困难）符合语境。
20．上文说要给朋友一定的空间，再根据本空后的“Dn’t be jealus (妒忌的) if yur friend has lts f ther friends.”可知，如果你的朋友有很多朋友你不要妒忌，G项（如果你的朋友想独处或者和别人出去，你要尽力理解）符合语境。
21．D 22．B 23．A 24．B 25．D 26．C 27．B 28．C 29．A 30．D 31．C 32．A 33．B 34．A 35．C
本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了小公主信托慈善机构为因癌症治疗或其他各种医疗原因而失去头发的儿童提供假发。一名收到免费假发的小女孩深受感动，于是决定自己也做一些慈善的事情，帮助其他和她处境相似的孩子。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它为因癌症治疗或其他各种医疗原因而失去头发的儿童提供假发。A. cnfidence信心；B. gal目标；C. skin皮肤；D. hair头发。根据上文“It prvides wigs (假发) fr children”可知，此处指儿童失去了自己的头发。故选D。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. visual视觉的；B. medical医学的；C. reliable可靠的；D. false假的。根据上文“thrugh cancer treatment”可知，此处指因癌症治疗或其他各种医疗原因而失去头发。故选B。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：小女孩在两岁时就患上了脱发，她从来没有因为头发少而感到尴尬。A. lack缺乏；B. benefit利益；C. recvery恢复；D. definitin定义。根据“wh suffered frm alpecia (脱发症) at the age f tw”可知，小女孩应该是头发很少。故选A。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：直到她开始上学，她才想要戴上假发，这样她就可以看起来像她的同学以及她最喜欢的一些公主。A. hspital医院；B. schl学校；C. cmpany公司；D. gym体育馆。根据下文“like her fellw classmates”可知，小女孩开始上学了。故选B。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. act行动；B. play玩；C. sund听起来；D. lk看起来。根据语境及常识可知，小女孩想戴假发是为了看起来像她的同学以及她最喜欢的一些公主。故选D。
26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我戴假发的前一天，我非常开心。A. scared害怕的；B. cnfused困惑的；C. happy高兴的；D. upset伤心的。根据上文“she wanted t get a wig”可知，得到自己想要的假发，肯定是很开心的。故选C。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：小公主信托基金知道我已经脱发了，所以他们给了我一个假发，让我看起来好像我的头发已经长长了。A. intrduced介绍；B. gave给；C. recmmended推荐；D. shwn展示。根据上文“Rsie Hneywd was happy t receive her new lcks frm a charity, Little Princess Trust.”可知，小公主信托基金给了小女孩一个假发。故选B。
28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. slw慢的；B. dd奇怪的；C. lng长的；D. tall高的。根据上文“The yungster, wh suffered frm alpecia (脱发症) at the age f tw”及常识可知，小女孩戴上假发后，看起来好像她的头发已经长长了。故选C。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当罗西收到她的假发时，她问妈妈为什么不用付钱。A. received收到；B. bught买；C. sptted认出，弄脏；D. cycled使循环。根据上文“Rsie Hneywd was happy t receive her new lcks frm a charity, Little Princess Trust.”可知，小女孩收到了一个假发。故选A。
30．考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. bring in引进；B. hld back阻碍；C. get thrugh获得通过；D. pay fr支付。根据下文“Her mm explained hw charities like the Little Princess Trust 11 .”可知，小公主信托基金是慈善机构，因此小女孩不需要为假发付钱。故选D。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的妈妈解释了像小公主信托基金这样的慈善机构是如何工作的。A. appear出现；B. vary改变；C. wrk工作；D. tell告诉。根据下文“After hearing abut the prcess”可知，女孩的妈妈解释了像小公主信托基金这样的慈善机构是如何工作的。故选C。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在听说了这个过程后，罗茜很乐意帮助其他和她处境相似的孩子。A. help帮助；B. prevent避免；C. identify确定；D. bserve观察，遵守。根据下文“Tgether with her mum, she wanted t 13 t cmplete the 5 km alng the seafrnt (海边) t raise mney fr the charity.”可知，小女孩很乐意帮助其他和她处境相似的孩子。故选A。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她想和妈妈一起训练，沿着海边跑完5公里，为慈善机构筹款。A. pretend假装；B. train训练；C. assist协助；D. frget忘记。根据下文“cmplete the 5 km alng the seafrnt (海边)”可知，此处指和妈妈一起训练，沿着海边跑完5公里。故选B。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：两人上周完成了第一次5公里的练习，已经达到了筹款目标。A. cmpleted完成；B. rented租借；C. preferred更喜欢；D. cllected收集。根据上文“Tgether with her mum, she wanted t 13 t cmplete the 5 km alng the seafrnt (海边) t raise mney fr the charity.”可知，小女孩和妈妈完成了第一次5公里的练习。故选A。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对慈善机构的每个人以及他们所做的事情印象深刻，能资助尽可能多的假发是一件很棒的事。A. church教堂；B. cmmunity社区；C. charity慈善机构；D. kindergarten幼儿园。根据下文“and it wuld be amazing t fund as many wigs as we can.”可知，此处指慈善机构。故选C。
36．the 37．as 38．What 39．appearance 40．has 41．thickness 42．mre 43．began 44．eventually 45．depending
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的书法艺术。
36．考查冠词。形容词same，通常与the连用。句意：绘画和书法是同时代的，使用同样的工具，即笔墨。故填the。
37．考查固定短语。短语be regard as被视为……。句意：然而，书法在绘画之前很久就被视为一门艺术。故填as。
38．考查名词性从句。主语从句中，从句缺少主语，故用what引导。句意：使文字与众不同的是它的视觉形式。故填What。
39．考查名词。形容词abstract后接名词形式。句意：然而，尽管书法外观抽象，但它并不是抽象的形式。故填appearance。
40．考查主谓一致。句中主语为单数名词use，谓语动词故用单数形式。句意：笔墨的使用与此有很大关系。故填has。
41．考查名词。定冠词the和介词f之间用名词形式。句意：书法家可以通过改变水和固体墨水的量来控制墨水的浓度。故填thickness。
42．考查比较级。根据with less提示可知，这里用比较级mre。句意：一旦他开始写作，通过毛笔蘸有时更多的或有时更少的墨水，他创作出汉字。故填mre。
43．考查时态。根据句中时间状语3,000 years ag可知，用一般过去时。句意：中国的书面语言从3000多年前开始发展，最终演变成五种基本的文字类型。故填began。
44．考查副词。副词eventually，修饰整个句子。句意：中国的书面语言从3000多年前开始发展，最终演变成五种基本的文字类型。故填eventually。
45．考查非谓语动词。句中逻辑主语与动词depend之间为主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。句意：几个世纪以来，书法家可以取决于文字的功能自由地使用任何一种字体。故填depending。
46．
I am hnred t stand here t tell yu smething abut the future transprtatin in English. Take me fr example, I usually g t schl by bike, which is fast and cnvenient. What will the future transprtatin be like? My ideal vehicle is belw.
Firstly ,My ideal vehicle is a “flying bike”that is equipped with tw wings and a mtr with slar energy. When peple are caught in traffic jam, the kind f bike will spread its flded wings t fly in the sky, aviding heavy traffic. Secndly, it must be made f light metals and carried easily frm ne place t anther.
Imprved means f transprtatin will benefit everyne. Nt nly des it bring us mre cnvenience but als reduces the envirnmental pllutin. The mst imprtant is that ur lifestyle will be changed better.
47．With mixed feelings, I finally picked up the receiver and dialed. The vice n the ther end was that f a yung wman.After describing the dg t her in detail, she wanted t cme right ver.A thusand thughts crssed my mind befre the wman rang the bell. I culd pretend I wasn’t hme r tell her, “I’m srry，yu have the wrng address.” But it was t late；the bell rang and Mlly was barking. I pened the dr, frcing myself t face my fear.
One lk at Mlly and the wman’s face lit up like a Christmas tree. “Cme here, Lucy,” she called. Mlly (Lucy) instantly beyed, wagging her tail in delight at the sund f the wman’s vice. She quickly bent ver and hugged Mlly tightly as if she were a lst child, nt a dg. Seeing this, I had a sincere smile n my face. I knew I had dne the right thing―that puppy was exactly where she belnged.
本文以一条与主人失散的狗狗为线索展开，讲述了某一天作者的女儿带回来了一只与主人失散的小狗，他们决定将狗狗养在自己家里而不是去失物招领处发布广告。后来，在报纸上看到了狗主人急切地想要找回狗狗。经过种种思想斗争，最终决定让狗狗与它的主人重逢的感人故事。
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“心里五味杂陈，我最终拿起了电话，拨通了他的号码”可知，第一段可描写作者经过反复的心理斗争之后，最终拨通了狗主人的电话，希望他来认领。
②由第二段首句内容“一看到Mlly，这位女士的脸上顿时像闪闪发光的圣诞树出现了光彩。”可知，第二段可描写作者看到狗狗和主人重逢的感人情景，觉得自己做出了正确的抉择。
2.续写线索：联系失主——内心矛盾——接待失主——重逢——欣慰——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.出现：shw up/turn up/be present
②.使…烦恼：bther/truble/weight n sb
③.帮忙：lend a hand/d sb a favr/cme t ne’s aid
情绪类
①.极度需要地：desperately /badly
②.绝望的：desperate/hpeless
高二英语
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
WELCOME TO ALPINE ASCENTS
Fr mst peple, Qmlangma is a nce-in-a-lifetime experience. If yu’re cnsidering giving it a sht, g with the best pssible service prvider. Alpine Ascents has been expert in prviding training fr Qmlangma muntaineering. Frm the guidance t the rganizatin — we have the best in the internatinal climbing cmmunity.
Our missin and gals
Using the best climbing talent, we ffer the pprtunity fr climbers at all levels t achieve their persnal desire thrugh quality, challenging, safe and fun training sessins.
Training arrangements
●Physical training
Climbing training
What t d: Hike utdrs, gradually increasing the pack weight until yu feel cmfrtable carrying a 50-60 lbs. pack.
A mnth frm yur climb: Feel cmfrtable hiking n days n end with at least 60 lbs. n the utings.
Strength training
What t d: Train with gym machines t build verall strength, particularly in the cre, upper back, shulders and legs.
In the beginning perid: Build a fundatin fr tugher training. Always be sure t keep prper frms in rder t prevent injury.
●Mental training
What t d: Manage stress, stay psitive and keep n gd terms with fellw climbers. Push yur mental strength just as much.
Never give up: Ging int Qmlangma with a weak mind wn’t get far. Mental tughness is the mst significant t reaching the tp. When yu want t stp, dn’t.
❉ Please nte the fllwing:
Our abslute advantage: Small team sizes with ur climber-t-guide rati being 4: 1 r less.
Scheduled lead guides fr 2023: Ben Jnes alng with Jangbu Sherpa and Eric Murphy.
Yu can find additinal training resurces at www. BdyResults. cm fr training articles, training bks and DVDs, and pay fees fr nline muntaineering-specific training.
1．What is Alpine Ascents?
A．A hikers’ cmmunity.B．A charity rganizatin.
C．An extreme-sprts fundatin.D．A muntaineering service center.
2．Which f the fllwing is key t reaching the summit accrding t the text?
A．Climbing training.B．Strength training.
C．Teamwrk training.D．Mental training.
3．What des Alpine Ascents feature in?
A．Small-sized teams.B．Ppular tur guides.
C．Free nline resurces.D．Flexible arrangements.
B
Nbel prize-winners, legendary(传奇的)authrs, and famus scientists—yu might think all these peple were brn t be creative. Hwever, that’s nt always the case.
While well-knwn figures like Pabl Picass and Albert Einstein did their mst significant wrk in their yuth, famus American pet Rbert Frst and English-brn natural scientist Charles Darwin were knwn as “late blmers” —peple whse talents were nt nticeable until later in life.
This idea f “peaking” at different times inspired new research frm the United States. “Many peple believe that creativity is exclusively(独有地)assciated with yuth, but it really depends n what kind f creativity yu’re talking abut,” said Bruce Weinberg, a prfessr f ecnmics at the University f Chicag and c-authr f the study.
Accrding t the study, published earlier this mnth in the jurnal De Ecnmist, there are tw types f peple: cnceptual(概念的)and experimental thinkers.
T reach this cnclusin, researchers tk the 31 previus winners f the Nbel Prize in ecnmics and arranged them accrding t when they did their mst significant wrk, t identify their creative peaks.
Sme peaked frm ages 25—29. Classified as cnceptual thinkers, these peple think utside f the bx, cming up with new ideas befre they becme used t the cnventinal way f ding things.
The secnd creative peak came with ecnmists in their 50s. These are experimental thinkers wh have been in their fields fr a lng time. This allws them t learn frm errrs and experiment with different prcesses, befre eventually finding new slutins.
“Whether yu hit yur creative peak early r late in yur career depends n whether yu have a cnceptual r experimental apprach,” said Weinberg. He added that their study isn’t limited t ecnmics, saying it can apply t ther creative disciplines(知识领域). S if yu’re struggling t cme up with new ideas, dn’t panic. Yur creative peak may be yet t arrive.
4．What did the study frm the US find?
A．Yung peple are nt necessarily mre creative than ld peple.
B．Mst peple take a cnceptual apprach when thinking.
C．Peple’s creative peak in their life is related t their jb type.
D．Cnceptual and experimental thinkers hit their peaks at different times.
5．What is the characteristic f cnceptual thinkers?
A．They tend t challenge cnventinal rules.B．They are creative due t their yung ages.
C．They are likely t fllw traditinal rules.D．They fail t cme up with new ideas.
6．What d we knw abut experimental thinkers?
A．Their talents usually blm in their 20s.
B．They are gd at ding experiments.
C．They wrk ut new methds based n experience.
D．They are mre successful than cnceptual thinkers.
7．What wuld Weinberg prbably agree with?
A．It’s difficult t find ne’s talent in later years.
B．Mre research needs t be dne abut creative peaks.
C．Cnceptual thinkers culd be mre successful in the art field.
D．Experimental thinkers frm ther fields may succeed in their 50s.
C
Bttlense dlphins simplify and raise the pitch (音高) f their whistles t be heard abve underwater shipping nise. Christpher Intagliata reprts.
The ceans are getting luder. And castal areas are sme f the nisiest, as in this underwater recrding, cvering 17 miles ff the cast f Ocean City, Maryland.
The nise culd be a prblem fr underwater animals, which, like us, use sund t cmmunicate. “Just like if we’re in a raucus bar, we have t shut t each ther. And they might have t d that t.” Helen Bailey is an underwater bilgist at the University f Maryland Center fr Envirnmental Science.
She and her clleagues recrded tw mnths f underwater sunds, in that same area ff the cast f Maryland. They used autmated sftware t take ut 200 bttlense dlphin whistles frm the nise, and visually cmpared the spectrgrams (声谱图). Here’s a nrmal whistle.
But what they fund was that dlphins simplified their whistles and raised their pitch when they were cmpeting with shipping nise, which apparently helps, but culd als hurt their ability t cmmunicate.
“By using simpler calls, yes, there is a risk that they’re nt cmmunicating as much in-frmatin as they wuld if it was quieter. Als fr yunger dlphins they actually learn these sunds frm hearing ther dlphins. S they’re hearing this much simpler language.” The results and a few f thse spectrgrams are in the jurnal Bilgy Letters.
The survey site is the prpsed future hme f a wind farm - which culd mean lts f nise as the huge twers are set up. Until then, it’s the lng-lasting rar f ships and bats that Bailey wants peple t think abut carefully. “I think peple think abut bats in terms f the emissins (排放), just like with cars. And I think what we need t think abut is that sund is als an emissin.”
8．When will the bttlense dlphins raise their pitch accrding t the text?
A．When they have t cmpete with ship nise.
B．When they want t catch mre fish in the sea.
C．When they want t sing lud sngs with thers.
D．When they feel angry with the ships.
9．What des the underlined wrd “raucus” in paragraph 3 refer t?
A．Narrw.B．Nisy.C．Unique.D．Mdern.
10．What will happen t the bttlense dlphins if the situatin cntinues?
A．Mre bttlense dlphins will lve t make lud nise.
B．Peple will lse the bttlense dlphins frever.
C．They will have t make lng jurneys in the cean.
D．They will lse the ability t express much infrmatin.
11．What is the best title fr the text?
A．Hw T Prtect The Marine Mammals — Bttlense Dlphins
B．Bttlense Dlphins Raise The Tune T Help The Wind Farm
C．Bttlense Dlphins Raise The Tune T Cmmunicate With Ships
D．Bttlense Dlphins Make Easy Calls Abve Under Ship Nise
D
The 2022 Chinese Visual Ethngraphic Pht Biennale(中国民族影像志摄影双年展)，which aims t cllect and preserve the unique histry, culture and cherished memries f China’s varius ethnic grups, pened in Beijing n Tuesday.
The exhibitin cmbines a grand narrative f the cntemprary lives f Chinese ethnic grups with vivid lcal scenery, cnnects ancient Chinese civilizatin t the new era and mirrrs the evlutin and rebirth f the traditinal culture f the Chinese natin in mdernizatin.
The phtgraphers taking part in the exhibitin cme frm all ver China and frm varius backgrunds such as university students r migrant wrkers. Sme are amateur phtgraphers, while thers are prfessinals.
Liu Hui is ne f the phtgraphers whse wrks are n display at the exhibitin. His phts dcument his in-depth explratin f Daliyabyi, a village in Yutian cunty, Nrthwest China’s Xinjiang Uygur Autnmus Regin. Over the past decade, Liu has recrded the lts f changes that have taken place in the village and the impact these have had n villagers’ lives. He has taken mre than 150, 000 phts f these villagers wh riginally lived in the desert. The phts at the exhibitin fcus n an ld herdsman in the village. The herdsman and his family have benefited frm lcal pverty-relief plicies, mving frm the desert t a new twn with paved rads. Escaping frm a tugh envirnment, the herdsman establishes a new life fr himself and his family that blends traditin and mdernity.
Yan Shuzhen’s wrks have als been selected fr the exhibitin. In a cnnected series f phts, the phtgrapher creates a windw fr viewers t appreciate a special traditinal ceremny f the Mnglian ethnic grup. The cutting hair ceremny is ne f the mst imprtant and grand ceremnies n the path t adulthd amng ethnic Mnglians. During the ceremny, elders send their best wishes fr the future t the children taking part, while sngs and speeches f praise full f traditinal values reveal the rich characteristics f the ethnic grup.
At the Biennale, many realistic and mving wrks grabbed peple’s attentin. These wrks demnstrate the prgress f China’s ethnic grups and shw the backbne and full picture f the unified spirit that binds the cuntry’s diverse cultures.
As a spiritual hme fr the unity f China’s 56 ethnic grups, the Biennale has demnstrated its prfund significance in prmting mutual understanding and unity amng different ethnic grups in the cuntry.
12．What d Liu Hui’s wrks try t illustrate?
A．The vivid lcal scenery f ethnic grups.
B．The culture and custms f ethnic grups.
C．The betterment f ethnic grups in Xinjiang.
D．The cntributin f mdern ethnic grups.
13．What can be learnt abut Mnglians frm Yan Shuzhen’s pictures?
A．They hld ceremnies frequently.
B．They care a lt fr their children.
C．They’ve changed living cnditins.
D．They settle in a wild inhabited area.
14．What has eased the pverty f the herdsman?
A．The street exhibitins.
B．The huse recnstructin.
C．The phtgraphers’ help.
D．The gvernment supprt.
15．What is the authr’s attitude twards the exhibitin?
A．Oppsite.B．Supprtive.
C．Dubtful.D．Uncncerned.
第二节共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项 为多余选项。
Being a gd friend isn’t always easy, but taking time t develp a lasting friendship is wrth the effrt. As the years pass, yu will realize that each friendship yu keep is priceless. ___16___. T be a gd friend and deepen a friendship, just fllw these steps.
Dn’t ever make a prmise that yu can’t keep.
If yu say yu’ll hang ut with a friend but an unexpected situatin appears, explain the situatin. Give yur friend a gift and tell him yu are srry. Nbdy is perfect, and it’s kay if yu break a prmise nce in a blue mn. ___17___.
Aplgize when yu’ve made a mistake.
___18___. Thugh yur friend wn’t be happy that yu made a mistake, he will be very pleased that yu admit it instead f just pretending that nthing is wrng.
___19___.
T be truly supprtive, yu will have t be able t watch ut fr yur friend when he is having a hard time. If yu feel that yur friend is getting int sme truble, help him away frm the situatin by nt being afraid t get invlved.
Give yur friend sme space when he needs it.
Part f being supprtive means supprting the fact that yur friend wn’t always want t spend time with yu. Learn t step back and give yur friend space. ___20___ Dn’t be jealus (妒忌的) if yur friend has lts f ther friends.
A．Hwever, dn’t make it a regular thing
B．Help yur friend deal with his difficulties
C．Learn t frgive yur friend and mve frward
D．Of curse, t have a gd friend, yu must be ne
E．If yu want yur friend t trust yu, yu can’t act like yu’re perfect
F．Take time t truly understand yur friend when he is talking t yu
G．Try t understand if yur friend wants t be alne r t hang ut with ther peple
第二部分语言运用 （共两节，满分 30分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Rsie Hneywd was happy t receive her new lcks frm a charity, Little Princess Trust. It prvides wigs (假发) fr children wh have lst their wn ____21____ thrugh cancer treatment r frm varius ther ____22____ reasns. The yungster, wh suffered frm alpecia (脱发症) at the age f tw, has never felt embarrassed abut her ____23____ f hair. It was nly when she started ____24____ that she wanted t get a wig, s she culd ____25____ like her fellw classmates as well as sme f her favrite princesses.
Rsie said: “I was extremely ____26____ n the day befre I gt my wig. The Little Princess Trust knew that I had gt alpecia s they ____27____ me a wig t lk as if my hair had grwn ____28____.”
When Rsie ____29____ her wig, she asked her mum why they didn't have t _____30_____ it. Her mm explained hw charities like the Little Princess Trust _____31_____. After hearing abut the prcess, Rsie was keen t _____32_____ ther children in a similar psitin t her. Tgether with her mum, she wanted t _____33_____ t cmplete the 5 km alng the seafrnt (海边) t raise mney fr the charity.
The pair _____34_____ their first 5 km practice last week and have already hit their fund raising target. Her mm added: “I was s impressed with everyne at the _____35_____ and what they d, and it wuld be amazing t fund as many wigs as we can.
21．A．cnfidenceB．galC．skinD．hair
22．A．visualB．medicalC．reliableD．false
23．A．lackB．benefitC．recveryD．definitin
24．A．hspitalB．schlC．cmpanyD．gym
25．A．actB．playC．sundD．lk
26．A．scaredB．cnfusedC．happyD．upset
27．A．intrducedB．gaveC．recmmendedD．shwn
28．A．slwB．ddC．lngD．tall
29．A．receivedB．bughtC．spttedD．cycled
30．A．bring inB．hld backC．get thrughD．pay fr
31．A．appearB．varyC．wrkD．tell
32．A．helpB．preventC．identifyD．bserve
33．A．pretendB．trainC．assistD．frget
34．A．cmpletedB．rentedC．preferredD．cllected
35．A．churchB．cmmunityC．charityD．kindergarten
第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Calligraphy, the art f writing, was the visual art frm prized abve all thers in traditinal China. Painting was cntemprary with calligraphy, sharing ___36___ same tls—namely, brush and ink. Yet calligraphy was regarded ___37___ a fine art lng befre painting.
The status f calligraphy reflects the imprtance f the wrd in China. ___38___ makes the written wrds distinctive is its visual frm. Hwever, despite its abstract ___39___ (appear), calligraphy is nt an abstract frm. Chinese characters are dynamic, clsely cnnected with the frces f nature and the kinesthetic (运动) energies f the human bdy.
Hw can a simple character cnvey all this? The use f brush and ink ___40___ (have) much t d with it. A calligrapher can cntrl the ___41___ (thick) f the ink by varying bth the amunt f water and the slid ink. Once he starts writing, by lading the brush smetimes with ___42___ (much) ink r smetimes with less, he creates characters that resemble a shwer f rcks here and a drp f dew (露珠) there.
The Chinese written language ___43___ (begin) t develp mre than 3,000 years ag and ___44___ (eventual) evlved int five basic script types. Over the centuries, calligraphers were free t write in any f them, ___45___ ( depend) n the text’s functin. The calligraphic traditin remains alive tday.
写作（共两节，满分 40 分）
第一节（满分 15 分）
46．假定你是李华，准备参加炎帝教育集团英语演讲比赛，主题为“用英语说未来”，你准备讲交通工具。请你写一篇演讲稿，内容如下：
1. 你平常是怎样去上学的；
2. 描述你最理想的交通工具：
3. 交通工具的改进给人们带来了什么。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分25 分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When my daughters reached the third and furth grades, I ccasinally allwed them t walk t and frm schl alne if the weather permitted. One warm spring day, a little dg fllwed them hme after schl. It had shrt legs and lng lvely ears, with a fawn-clred cat. It was the cutest dg I had ever seen and the girls begged me t keep it.
The dg was barely twelve weeks ld. It had n cllar r identifying marks f any srt. I didn't knw what t d. I thught abut running an advertisement in the lst-and-fund but I really didn’t want t. It wuld break the kids’ hearts if smene shuld shw up. Besides, its wners shuld have watched it mre clsely.
By the end f the week the dg was part f ur family. It was very intelligent and gd with the girls. The fllwing week smething tld me t check the lst-and-fund sectin in the lcal paper. One particular advertisement jumped ut at me and my heart punded with fear at what I read. Smene was begging fr the return f a lst dg in the neighbrhd f ur grade schl. They sunded desperate. My hand shk. I culdn’t bring myself t pick up the phne.
Instead, I pretended I hadn’t seen the advertisement. I quickly put paper away in the drawer and cntinued with my dusting. I never said a wrd abut it t the kids r my husband.
By nw we had named the dg. It lked like a Mlly, s that was what we called it. It fllwed the girls everywhere they went. When they went utside, it was ne step behind them. When they did husewrk, it was there t lend a hand.
There was nly ne prblem with this therwise perfect picture: my cnscience (良心) was bthering me. I knew in my heart I had t call that number and see if ur Mlly was the dg they were desperately seeking. It was the mst difficult thing I’ve ever dne.
Paragraph 1:
With mixed feelings, I finally picked up the receiver and dialed.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
One lk at Mlly and the wman’s face lit up like a Christmas tree.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．D 2．D 3．A
本文为一篇应用文。介绍的是为正考虑尝试攀登珠峰人士提供服务和指导的Alpine Ascents服务中心。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Alpine Ascents has been expert in prviding training fr Qmlangma muntaineering. Frm the guidance t the rganizatin—we have the best in the internatinal climbing cmmunity.”（Alpine Ascents是为珠峰登山提供培训的专家。从指导到组织，我们拥有国际攀岩界最好的。）可知，Alpine Ascents是专门为攀登珠峰提供培训的登山服务中心。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据题干中的“key t reaching the summit”（达到顶峰的关键）可将答案定位至“Mental training”（精神培训）部分，根据该部分中“Mental tughness is the mst significant t reaching the tp. ”（要想攀上顶峰，最重要的是意志坚强。）可知，到达巅峰最重要的是坚强的意志。故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一部分“Please nte the fllwing”（请注意以下事项）中的“Our abslute advantage: Small team sizes with ur climber-t-guide rati being 4: 1 r less.”（我们的绝对优势：团队规模较小，登山者与向导的比例为4:1或更少。）可知， Alpine Ascents的最大特点是：小型团队。故选A。
4．D 5．A 6．C 7．D
这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了科学家一项新的研究，人们可以被分为概念型思考者和实验型思考者，而这两种人会在不同的时期达到顶峰。
4．细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容：This idea f “peaking” at different times inspired new research frm the United States. “Many peple believe that creativity is exclusively assciated with yuth, but it really depends n what kind f creativity yu’re talking abut,” said Bruce Weinberg, a prfessr f ecnmics at the University f Chicag and c-authr f the study.(这个在不同时间达到“高峰”的想法启发了美国的新研究。许多人认为创造力只与年轻人有关，但它实际上取决于你所谈论的创造力的类型，”芝加哥大学经济学教授、这项研究的合著者布鲁斯·温伯格说。)和文章第四段内容“Accrding t the study, published earlier this mnth in the jurnal De Ecnmist, there are tw types f peple: cnceptual and experimental thinkers.(根据本月早些时候发表在《经济学家杂志》上的这项研究，有两种类型的人：概念型和实验型。)可知，研究表明概念思考者和实验思考者在不同的时期达到顶峰。故选D项。
5．细节理解题。根据文章第六段内容“Classified as cnceptual thinkers, these peple think utside f the bx, cming up with new ideas befre they becme used t the cnventinal way f ding things.”可知，概念型思考者跳出思维定式，在习惯传统的做事方式之前想出新的想法。故选A项。
6．细节理解题。根据文章第七段内容“These are experimental thinkers wh have been in their fields fr a lng time. This allws them t learn frm errrs and experiment with different prcesses, befre eventually finding new slutins.”可知，实验型思考者在自己的领域已经有很长时间了，这使得他们能够从错误中学习，并尝试不同的过程，最终找到新的解决方案。故选C项。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段内容“He added that their study isn't limited t ecnmics, saying it can apply t ther creative disciplines”可知，在他看来，他们的研究不仅限于经济学，还可以应用于其他创造性学科。选项D“Experimental thinkers frm ther fields may succeed in their 50s.”提到“其他领域的实验型思考者家可能会在50多岁时获得成功”与他的观点“该研究成果也适用于其他需要创新的知识领域”一致。故选D项。
8．A 9．B 10．D 11．D
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了海洋的噪音导致宽吻海豚采用简化叫声并提高音量的方式来进行交流，以对抗船舶的噪音。
8．细节理解题。根据第五段“But what they fund was that dlphins simplified their whistles and raised their pitch when they were cmpeting with shipping nise, which apparently helps, but culd als hurt their ability t cmmunicate.(但他们发现，海豚在与船运噪音竞争时简化了叫声并提高了音调，这显然有助于但也可能损害它们的沟通能力)”可知，当海豚不得不与船运噪音竞争时，它们会提高音调。故选A项。
9．词句猜测题。根据第三段“Just like if we’re in a raucus bar, we have t shut t each ther. And they might have t d that t.(就像如果我们在一个raucus酒吧里，我们不得不彼此大喊。它们可能也不得不这么做)”以及常识可知，当处于喧闹的酒吧时，我们会不得不彼此大喊，以便于被听到。由此推知，划线单词表示“喧闹的”，与nisy同义。故选B项。
10．推理判断题。根据第六段“By using simpler calls, yes, there is a risk that they’re nt cmmunicating as much infrmatin as they wuld if it was quieter. Als fr yunger dlphins they actually learn these sunds frm hearing ther dlphins. S they’re hearing this much simpler language.(通过使用更简单的叫声，是的，存在着这样的风险，即它们的信息交流不如安静时那么多。此外，对于年轻的海豚来说，它们实际上是通过听其他海豚的声音来学习这些声音的。因此，它们正在听这种更简单的语言)”可推知，如果海洋噪音的情况继续恶化，那么海豚将使用更多简单的叫声，年轻海豚能听到的声音是更简单的，将逐渐失去表达复杂信息的能力。故选D项。
11．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Bttlense dlphins simplify and raise the pitch f their whistles t be heard abve underwater shipping nise.(宽吻海豚简化并提高其哨声的音高，以便在水下运输噪音上方听到)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了海洋的噪音导致宽吻海豚采用简化叫声并提高音量的方式来进行交流，以对抗船舶的噪音。由此可知，“宽吻海豚在船只的噪音下发出简化的叫声”可以作为文章标题。故选D项。
12．C 13．B 14．D 15．B
这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了于周二在北京开幕的2022中国民族影像志摄影双年展，它是中国56个民族团结的精神家园，中华民族文化是丰富多元的，中国各民族应相互了解、团结和睦。
12．细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“His phts dcument his in-depth explratin f Daliyabyi, a village in Yutian cunty, Nrthwest China’s Xinjiang Uygur Autnmus Regin.( 他的照片记录了他对达里亚博伊村的深入探索，达里亚博伊村位于中国西北部的新疆维吾尔自治区玉田县。)”和最后一句“Escaping frm a tugh envirnment, the herdsman establishes a new life fr himself and his family that blends traditin and mdernity.(从艰苦的环境中逃离出来，牧民为自己和家人建立了一种融合了传统和现代的新生活。)” 可知，在新疆，牧民从沙漠搬到城镇，过上了新生活。因此，刘辉的作品反映出新疆少数民族的生活得到了改善。故选C项。
13．推理判断题。根据第五段最后两句“ The cutting hair ceremny is ne f the mst imprtant and grand ceremnies n the path t adulthd amng ethnic Mnglians.During the ceremny, elders send their best wishes fr the future t the children taking part, while sngs and speeches f praise full f traditinal values reveal the rich characteristics f the ethnic grup.(剪发仪式是蒙古族成人道路上最重要、最隆重的仪式之一。在仪式中，长辈们向参加的孩子们送上他们对未来的祝福，而充满传统价值观的歌曲和演讲则展示了丰富的民族特色。)”可知，从闫淑珍的作品可以看出剪发礼是蒙古族人重要且盛大的仪式，体现了长辈对孩子的关爱和美好的祝愿。故选B项。
14．细节理解题。根据第四段倒数第二句“The herdsman and his family have benefited frm lcal pverty-relief plicies, mving frm the desert t a new twn with paved rads.(牧民和他的家人受益于当地的扶贫政策，从沙漠搬到了一个铺设了道路的新城。)”可知，牧民摆脱贫困的原因是扶贫政策，即政府的支持。故选D项。
15．观点态度题。根据最后一段“As a spiritual hme fr the unity f China’s 56 ethnic grups, the Biennale has demnstrated its prfund significance in prmting mutual understanding and unity amng different ethnic grups in the cuntry.( 作为中国56个民族团结的精神家园，双年展对促进中国不同民族之间的相互了解和团结具有深远的意义。)”可知作者对这次展览持有积极、支持的态度。故选B项。
16．D 17．A 18．E 19．B 20．G
本文是一篇说明文，就如何成为一个好朋友提出了几点建议。
16．根据本空后的“T be a gd friend and deepen a friendship, just fllw these steps.”可知，要想成为一个好朋友，加深友谊，只需遵循以下几步，故D项（当然，要想拥有好朋友，你本身得是一个好朋友）符合语境。
17．根据本空前的“it’s kay if yu break a prmise nce in a blue mn.”可知，违背一次诺言没关系，故A项（然而，不要让违背诺言成为经常的事情）符合语境。
18．本段主要讲的是有错要承认，即人并不是完美的，要勇于承认错误，让朋友信任你，故E项（如果你想让你的朋友相信你，你就不能表现得像一个完美的人）符合语境。
19．空处为小标题，下文讲述了朋友遇到困难时要给予帮助，故B项（帮助朋友解决困难）符合语境。
20．上文说要给朋友一定的空间，再根据本空后的“Dn’t be jealus (妒忌的) if yur friend has lts f ther friends.”可知，如果你的朋友有很多朋友你不要妒忌，G项（如果你的朋友想独处或者和别人出去，你要尽力理解）符合语境。
21．D 22．B 23．A 24．B 25．D 26．C 27．B 28．C 29．A 30．D 31．C 32．A 33．B 34．A 35．C
本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了小公主信托慈善机构为因癌症治疗或其他各种医疗原因而失去头发的儿童提供假发。一名收到免费假发的小女孩深受感动，于是决定自己也做一些慈善的事情，帮助其他和她处境相似的孩子。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它为因癌症治疗或其他各种医疗原因而失去头发的儿童提供假发。A. cnfidence信心；B. gal目标；C. skin皮肤；D. hair头发。根据上文“It prvides wigs (假发) fr children”可知，此处指儿童失去了自己的头发。故选D。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. visual视觉的；B. medical医学的；C. reliable可靠的；D. false假的。根据上文“thrugh cancer treatment”可知，此处指因癌症治疗或其他各种医疗原因而失去头发。故选B。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：小女孩在两岁时就患上了脱发，她从来没有因为头发少而感到尴尬。A. lack缺乏；B. benefit利益；C. recvery恢复；D. definitin定义。根据“wh suffered frm alpecia (脱发症) at the age f tw”可知，小女孩应该是头发很少。故选A。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：直到她开始上学，她才想要戴上假发，这样她就可以看起来像她的同学以及她最喜欢的一些公主。A. hspital医院；B. schl学校；C. cmpany公司；D. gym体育馆。根据下文“like her fellw classmates”可知，小女孩开始上学了。故选B。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. act行动；B. play玩；C. sund听起来；D. lk看起来。根据语境及常识可知，小女孩想戴假发是为了看起来像她的同学以及她最喜欢的一些公主。故选D。
26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我戴假发的前一天，我非常开心。A. scared害怕的；B. cnfused困惑的；C. happy高兴的；D. upset伤心的。根据上文“she wanted t get a wig”可知，得到自己想要的假发，肯定是很开心的。故选C。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：小公主信托基金知道我已经脱发了，所以他们给了我一个假发，让我看起来好像我的头发已经长长了。A. intrduced介绍；B. gave给；C. recmmended推荐；D. shwn展示。根据上文“Rsie Hneywd was happy t receive her new lcks frm a charity, Little Princess Trust.”可知，小公主信托基金给了小女孩一个假发。故选B。
28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. slw慢的；B. dd奇怪的；C. lng长的；D. tall高的。根据上文“The yungster, wh suffered frm alpecia (脱发症) at the age f tw”及常识可知，小女孩戴上假发后，看起来好像她的头发已经长长了。故选C。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当罗西收到她的假发时，她问妈妈为什么不用付钱。A. received收到；B. bught买；C. sptted认出，弄脏；D. cycled使循环。根据上文“Rsie Hneywd was happy t receive her new lcks frm a charity, Little Princess Trust.”可知，小女孩收到了一个假发。故选A。
30．考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. bring in引进；B. hld back阻碍；C. get thrugh获得通过；D. pay fr支付。根据下文“Her mm explained hw charities like the Little Princess Trust 11 .”可知，小公主信托基金是慈善机构，因此小女孩不需要为假发付钱。故选D。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的妈妈解释了像小公主信托基金这样的慈善机构是如何工作的。A. appear出现；B. vary改变；C. wrk工作；D. tell告诉。根据下文“After hearing abut the prcess”可知，女孩的妈妈解释了像小公主信托基金这样的慈善机构是如何工作的。故选C。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在听说了这个过程后，罗茜很乐意帮助其他和她处境相似的孩子。A. help帮助；B. prevent避免；C. identify确定；D. bserve观察，遵守。根据下文“Tgether with her mum, she wanted t 13 t cmplete the 5 km alng the seafrnt (海边) t raise mney fr the charity.”可知，小女孩很乐意帮助其他和她处境相似的孩子。故选A。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她想和妈妈一起训练，沿着海边跑完5公里，为慈善机构筹款。A. pretend假装；B. train训练；C. assist协助；D. frget忘记。根据下文“cmplete the 5 km alng the seafrnt (海边)”可知，此处指和妈妈一起训练，沿着海边跑完5公里。故选B。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：两人上周完成了第一次5公里的练习，已经达到了筹款目标。A. cmpleted完成；B. rented租借；C. preferred更喜欢；D. cllected收集。根据上文“Tgether with her mum, she wanted t 13 t cmplete the 5 km alng the seafrnt (海边) t raise mney fr the charity.”可知，小女孩和妈妈完成了第一次5公里的练习。故选A。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对慈善机构的每个人以及他们所做的事情印象深刻，能资助尽可能多的假发是一件很棒的事。A. church教堂；B. cmmunity社区；C. charity慈善机构；D. kindergarten幼儿园。根据下文“and it wuld be amazing t fund as many wigs as we can.”可知，此处指慈善机构。故选C。
36．the 37．as 38．What 39．appearance 40．has 41．thickness 42．mre 43．began 44．eventually 45．depending
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的书法艺术。
36．考查冠词。形容词same，通常与the连用。句意：绘画和书法是同时代的，使用同样的工具，即笔墨。故填the。
37．考查固定短语。短语be regard as被视为……。句意：然而，书法在绘画之前很久就被视为一门艺术。故填as。
38．考查名词性从句。主语从句中，从句缺少主语，故用what引导。句意：使文字与众不同的是它的视觉形式。故填What。
39．考查名词。形容词abstract后接名词形式。句意：然而，尽管书法外观抽象，但它并不是抽象的形式。故填appearance。
40．考查主谓一致。句中主语为单数名词use，谓语动词故用单数形式。句意：笔墨的使用与此有很大关系。故填has。
41．考查名词。定冠词the和介词f之间用名词形式。句意：书法家可以通过改变水和固体墨水的量来控制墨水的浓度。故填thickness。
42．考查比较级。根据with less提示可知，这里用比较级mre。句意：一旦他开始写作，通过毛笔蘸有时更多的或有时更少的墨水，他创作出汉字。故填mre。
43．考查时态。根据句中时间状语3,000 years ag可知，用一般过去时。句意：中国的书面语言从3000多年前开始发展，最终演变成五种基本的文字类型。故填began。
44．考查副词。副词eventually，修饰整个句子。句意：中国的书面语言从3000多年前开始发展，最终演变成五种基本的文字类型。故填eventually。
45．考查非谓语动词。句中逻辑主语与动词depend之间为主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。句意：几个世纪以来，书法家可以取决于文字的功能自由地使用任何一种字体。故填depending。
46．
I am hnred t stand here t tell yu smething abut the future transprtatin in English. Take me fr example, I usually g t schl by bike, which is fast and cnvenient. What will the future transprtatin be like? My ideal vehicle is belw.
Firstly ,My ideal vehicle is a “flying bike”that is equipped with tw wings and a mtr with slar energy. When peple are caught in traffic jam, the kind f bike will spread its flded wings t fly in the sky, aviding heavy traffic. Secndly, it must be made f light metals and carried easily frm ne place t anther.
Imprved means f transprtatin will benefit everyne. Nt nly des it bring us mre cnvenience but als reduces the envirnmental pllutin. The mst imprtant is that ur lifestyle will be changed better.
47．With mixed feelings, I finally picked up the receiver and dialed. The vice n the ther end was that f a yung wman.After describing the dg t her in detail, she wanted t cme right ver.A thusand thughts crssed my mind befre the wman rang the bell. I culd pretend I wasn’t hme r tell her, “I’m srry，yu have the wrng address.” But it was t late；the bell rang and Mlly was barking. I pened the dr, frcing myself t face my fear.
One lk at Mlly and the wman’s face lit up like a Christmas tree. “Cme here, Lucy,” she called. Mlly (Lucy) instantly beyed, wagging her tail in delight at the sund f the wman’s vice. She quickly bent ver and hugged Mlly tightly as if she were a lst child, nt a dg. Seeing this, I had a sincere smile n my face. I knew I had dne the right thing―that puppy was exactly where she belnged.
本文以一条与主人失散的狗狗为线索展开，讲述了某一天作者的女儿带回来了一只与主人失散的小狗，他们决定将狗狗养在自己家里而不是去失物招领处发布广告。后来，在报纸上看到了狗主人急切地想要找回狗狗。经过种种思想斗争，最终决定让狗狗与它的主人重逢的感人故事。
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“心里五味杂陈，我最终拿起了电话，拨通了他的号码”可知，第一段可描写作者经过反复的心理斗争之后，最终拨通了狗主人的电话，希望他来认领。
②由第二段首句内容“一看到Mlly，这位女士的脸上顿时像闪闪发光的圣诞树出现了光彩。”可知，第二段可描写作者看到狗狗和主人重逢的感人情景，觉得自己做出了正确的抉择。
2.续写线索：联系失主——内心矛盾——接待失主——重逢——欣慰——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.出现：shw up/turn up/be present
②.使…烦恼：bther/truble/weight n sb
③.帮忙：lend a hand/d sb a favr/cme t ne’s aid
情绪类
①.极度需要地：desperately /badly
②.绝望的：desperate/hpeless
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