初中英语中考复习 精品解析：江苏省连云港市2020年中考英语试题（解析版）

这是一份初中英语中考复习 精品解析：江苏省连云港市2020年中考英语试题（解析版），共27页。试卷主要包含了单项选择，完形填空，阅读理解，词汇运用，选词填空，完成句子，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
英语试题一、单项选择从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。1.Which underlined letter has the same pronunciation with the one in the word “cover”?A. become B. soft C. joke D. carrot【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：哪一个带下划线的字母和“cover”中的字母发音相同？考查字母发音。become /biˈkʌm/，变成；soft /sɔft/，软的；joke /dʒəuk/，玩笑；carrot /ˈkærət/，胡萝卜；cover /ˈkʌvə/，覆盖；根据句意理解可知，所给的词中字母“o”的发音是/ʌ/，与A选项的划线发音一样，故选A。2.Leap is___________ film on the Chinese women’s national volleyball team. ___________ film is directed by Peter Ho-sun Chan.A. a; A B. a; The C. the; The D. the; A【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：《跳跃》是一个关于中国女子排球队的电影，这个电影是陈可辛执导的。考查冠词。a不定冠词，表达泛指；the定冠词，表达确指。第一空表示泛指“一个”，用不定冠词a;第二空film在前文已提到，用定冠词the确指“这部电影”。故选B。3.Mars Base 1 Camp was built in Jinchang, Gansu, to let young people experience for___________.A. it B. them C. itself D. themselves【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：火星基地1号营地建于甘肃金昌，让年轻人亲身体验。
考查反身代词。it它，人称代词；them他们，人称代词；itself它自己，反身代词；themselves他们自己，反身代词。根据句意及空前experience可知，空处应该用反身代词；根据young people可知，此处应该用他们自己themselves。故选D。4.The___________ of the meeting is to help teachers and parents achieve better communication.A. position B. progress C. period D. purpose【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：会议的目的是帮助老师和家长实现更好的沟通。考查名词辨析。position位置；progress进步；period期间；purpose目的。根据空后“to help teachers and parents achieve better communication.帮助老师和家长实现更好的沟通”可知，这应该是会议的“目的”purpose。故选D。5.Our monitor Jenny is so___________ that she always keeps things in good order.A. practical B. generous C. organized D. modest【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：我们的班长珍妮很有条理，她总是把事情安排的井井有条。考查形容词辨析。practical实际的；generous慷慨的；organized 有组织的，有条理的；modest谦虚的。根据空后“she always keeps things in good order她总是把事情安排的井井有条”可知，此处是说“有条理的”organized。故选C。6.If we don’t protect nature, some wildlife___________ die out in the future.A. need B. may C. can’t D. shouldn’t【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：如果我们不保护自然，一些野生动物将来可能会灭绝。考查情态动词。need需要；may可能；can’t可能不，一定不；shouldn’t不应该。根据句意可知，空处表示肯定推测；结合选项可知，选项里表肯定推测的情态动词只有may，可能会灭绝may die out符合语境。故选B。7.To complete her online learning, Suzy needs a computer or a mobile phone to receive messages___________ her teachers.A. with B. during C. from D. through【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：为了完成在线学习，苏西需要一台电脑或一部手机来接收老师的信息。考查介词。with有；during在……期间；from从……；through穿过；根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“从老师那里得到信息”，英语中“从……”是from，故选C。8.In Miss Lin’s class, many chances ___________ to students to learn from each other.A. offer B. offered C. are offering D. are offered【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：在林老师的班上，学生们有很多互相学习的机会。考查一般现在时的被动语态。A. offer动词原形；B. offered过去式；C. are offering现在进行时；D. are offered一般现在时的被动语态。根据句意可知，chances和谓语offer之间为被动关系，故应用被动语态，故选D。9.I don’t like the style of this T-shirt. Please show me___________ one.A. either B. neither C. another D. other【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：我不喜欢这件T恤的款式。请给我看另一个。考查代词。either两者之一；neither两者都不；another另一个；other其他的，后接复数名词；根据句意理解及前句I don’t like the style of this T-shirt.可知，这里表达的是“另一个”，是不确定数目的另一个，所以应该用another，故选C。10.The Chinese language has become a bridge to___________ China___________ the rest of the world.A. connect.. to B. translate.. into C. compare... with D. separate…from【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：汉语已经成为连接中国与世界其他国家的桥梁。考查动词词组。connect… to把……连接到……；translate…into把……翻译成……；compare... with把……和……进行比较；separate…from使…和…分离。根据空前的a bridge to及句意可知，此处是表达“连接中国与世界其他国家的桥梁”，a bridge to connect China to the rest of the world符合句意。故选A。11.—___________ is Ricky like?—He’s humorous He often tells us funny jokes.A. He B. What C. Which D. Who【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：——里基是怎样的人？ ——他很幽默。 他经常给我们讲笑话。考查特殊疑问词。根据空后问号可知，本句是问句，所以选项A排除；根据回答“He’s humorous. He often tells us funny jokes”可知，前句是特殊疑问句，问人的性格；根据所学知识可知what be sb like？可以询问人的外貌，更多的是询问某人的成就，品质，性格等内在的东西，what is Ricky like符合上下文语境。故选B。12.___________ famous Chinese songs, such as The Love Song of Kangding and Jasmine Flowers, were sung during the concert.A. A number of B. The number of C. A great deal D. a great deal of【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：音乐会期间唱了许多著名的中国歌曲，如《康定情歌》和《茉莉花》。考查形容词短语。A number of一些，后接可数名词或不可数名词；The number of ……的数量，动词用三单形式；A great deal大量，后不接名词；a great deal of大量的，后接不可数名词。根据后面的were可知，此处不是表达“……的数量”，故排除B；根据句意及后面的such as The Love Song of Kangding and Jasmine Flowers可知，空处是表达“大量的”；根据空后的songs可知，空处应该用修饰可数名词的a number of。故选A。13.In order to send the donations to the hospital as soon as possible, the drivers___________ stopped to eat or rest during the journey.A. nearly B. hardly C. badly D. mostly【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：为了尽快把捐款送到医院，司机们在旅途中几乎没有停下来吃饭休息。考查副词辨析。nearly几乎；hardly几乎不；badly坏地；mostly大部分；根据句意理解及前句In order to send the donations to the hospital as soon as possible可知，这里表达的是一种否定意义，四个选项中hardly表达的是否定，表示“几乎不”，故选B。14.I have some tickets for the football match. I called my friends to see___________.A. where did they buy them B. why they liked to go thereC. when did we go together D. whether they’d like to go【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：我有一些足球赛的票，我打电话问我的朋友是否想去。考查宾语从句。动词see后面是宾语从句，用陈述句的语序（引导词+主语+谓语动词），A和C选项语序错误。根据“I have some tickets for the football match. I called my friends to see”可知是打电话问是否他们愿意去，表达不确定，宾语从句用whether来引导。故选D。15.—What a sunny day! Why not go cycling?—___________.A. No, I don’t mind B. You’d better not C. That sounds great D. It’s my pleasure【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：——多好的一天啊！为什么不去骑自行车？——听起来不错。考查情景交际。No, I don’t mind不，我不介意；You’d better not你最好不要；That sounds great听起来不错；It’s my pleasure这是我的荣幸；根据句意理解及前句的提议Why not go cycling?可知，这里的回答要么是接受，要么是拒绝，综合四个选项可知，C选项表达的是接受上面的建议，表示“听起来不错”，故选C。二、完形填空阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。It is hard to imagine how a person is to spend the whole life when only the head and hands are able to move.Xu Ruiyang an 18-year-old student from Kunming, has suffered（遭受）from spina muscular atrophy（脊柱肌肉萎缩）___16___ she was 2 years old. At that time, the doctor said that most children with spinal muscular atrophy will only live a few years.The family did not give up, or even just ___17___ . To help Xu Ruiyang live with dignity（尊严）, her parents ___18___ her living and learning skills strictly. Opening a book or raising hands, some very easy actions for common people, ___19___ , are big challenges for Xu. She had to use her head or ___20___ to work together with hands to finish these actions.When she started learning to write, she couldn’t even ___21___ a pen. But she never gave up. Once she lost the pen, she picked it up and ___22___ writing. Xu finally could write 500 Chinese characters before becoming a primary school student, after ___23___ thousands of times.Over the past few years, Xu has overcome（克服）many problems, including the ___24___ caused by the disease. Her parents worried about her health and ____25____ her to drop out of school, but Xu’s answer was no. “ ____26____ I read a book and do my homework, the pain is gone,” said Xu.When asked by reporters on how to deal with difficulties, Xu calmly said, “Patience. When you can’t change anything, crying is useless, so just be ____27____ .”In Xu’s opinion, her sunny and self-confident ____28____ comes from the love of her parents.“If we are not able to make her live longer, we can make her life wider,” said Xu’s father. They travelled across China and more than 20 ____29____ over the world, including Italy, Thailand and Singapore. During these trips, she developed an interest in learning a ____30____ language. “I think it’s cool to learn about other countries’ culture and express your feelings to others,” said Xu.Last June, she finished China’s Gaokao and received an offer from Sichuan International Study University.16. A. since B. before C. after D. until17. A. discuss B. depend C. complain D. change18. A. managed B. trained C. praised D. expected19. A. moreover B. perhaps C. especial D. however20. A. legs B. feet C. mouth D. knees21. A. hold B. drop C. pass D. find22. A. stopped B. continued C. succeeded D. regretted23. A. imagining B. counting C. recording D. practising24. A. cancer B. fever C. sadness D. pain25. A. warned B. forced C. advised D. allowed26. A. As well as B. As soon as C. As a result D. As usual27. A. patient B. quiet C. relaxed D. active28. A. personality B. appearance C. disability D. achievement29. A. cities B. countries C. communities D. colleges30 A. standard B. modern C. foreign D. common【答案】16. A    17. C    18. B    19. D    20. C    21. A    22. B    23. D    24. D    25. C    26. B    27. A    28. A    29. B    30. C【解析】本文主要向我们介绍了患有脊柱肌肉萎缩的女孩徐瑞阳的励志故事，告诉我们做事要有耐心。【16题详解】句意：徐瑞阳，一个来自昆明的18岁学生，从她2岁起就患有脊柱肌肉萎缩。since自从；before在……之前；after在……之后；until直到。分析句子可知，此处构成“现在完成时+since+一般过去时”结构，强调时间的延续。故选A。【17题详解】句意：这家人没有放弃，甚至抱怨都没有。discuss讨论；depend依靠；complain抱怨；change改变。分析上下文可知，此处描述家人面对徐瑞阳遇到这种情况的反应，没有放弃，甚至抱怨都没有，其他三项不符合语意。故选C。【18题详解】句意：为了帮助徐瑞阳有尊严地生活，她的父母严格地训练她的生活和学习技巧。managed管理；trained训练；praised赞扬；expected期待。分析上下文可知，因为徐瑞阳患有脊柱肌肉萎缩，所以她的父母为了帮助她生活，训练她生活和学习技巧，对应下文提到的“打开书本”和“学习写字”，强调“训练”。故选B。【19题详解】句意：打开一本书，举手，这些对普通人来说很简单的动作，对徐来说却是很大的挑战。moreover而且，此外；perhaps也许；especial特别的；however但是。分析前后句可知，两句构成转折关系，表示“但是”的含义。故选D。【20题详解】句意：她必须用她的头或嘴和手一起工作来完成这些动作。legs腿；feet脚；mouth嘴；knees膝盖。第一段提到徐瑞阳只有头和手能动，可知，此处指用头或五官一起配合完成这些动作。结合选项，故选C。【21题详解】句意：当她开始学习写字时，她甚至不能握笔。hold握住；持有；drop下降；pass通过；find找到。根据其后宾语“a pen”可知，此处指握笔，因为脊柱肌肉萎缩，所以握不住笔。故选A。【22题详解】句意：一旦她把钢笔弄掉了，她就把它捡起来继续写。stopped停止；continued继续；succeeded成功；regretted后悔。根据前文“But she never gave up.”可知，她从不放弃，所以就算笔掉了，她也会捡起来继续写。故选B。【23题详解】句意：在成为一名小学生之前，在练习了数千次之后，徐终于能写500个汉字了。imagining想象；counting数数，重要；recording记录；practising练习。分析上下文可知，徐患有脊柱肌肉萎缩，所以在练习了数千次之后，许终于能写500个汉字了，此处强调经过不断的“练习”。故选D。【24题详解】句意：在过去的几年里，徐已经克服了很多问题，包括由疾病引起的疼痛。cancer癌症；fever发烧；sadness悲伤；pain疼痛。根据下文“As soon as I read a book and do my homework, the pain is gone”我一读书和写作业，我的疼痛就消失了。可知，此处指疾病引起的问题，表示“徐已经克服了很多问题，包括由疾病引起的疼痛”的含义，其他三项不符合语意。故选D。【25题详解】句意：她的父母担心她的健康并建议她辍学，但是徐的回答是不。warned警告；forced强迫；advised建议；allowed允许。分析“Her parents worried about her health and ____10____ her to drop out of school, but Xu’s answer was no.”可知，此处指出于对健康的担心，父母建议徐不要上学了，但是徐不同意。其他三项不符合语意，故选C。【26题详解】句意：只要我一看书，一做作业，疼痛就消失了。As well as像……一样好；As soon as一……就；As a result结果；As usual像往常一样。分析句子可知，此处表示“只要我一看书，一做作业，疼痛就消失了”，强调“一……就”，用于句中引导时间状语从句。故选B。【27题详解】句意：当你不能改变任何事情的时候，哭泣是没有用的，所以要有耐心。patient耐心的；quiet安静的；relaxed放松的；active积极的。根据前句“Patience.”可知，徐强调“耐心”的重要性，所以此处表示“要有耐心”。故选A。【28题详解】句意：在徐看来，她阳光自信的性格来自于父母的爱。personality性格；appearance外貌；disability残疾；achievement成就。分析句子可知，sunny and self-confident是用来修饰性格的，其他三项不符合语意。故选A。【29题详解】句意：他们走遍了中国和世界20多个国家，包括意大利、泰国和新加坡。cities城市；countries国家；communities社区；colleges大学。根据其后“…including Italy, Thailand and Singapore.”可知，此处强调不同的国家。故选B。【30题详解】句意：在这些旅行中，她培养了学习外语的兴趣。standard标准的；modern现代的；foreign外国的；common共同的。根据其后的“I think it’s cool to learn about other countries’ culture and express your feelings to others”可知，徐认为学习其他国家的文化和表达感受是很酷的，所以此处指学习外国的语言。故选C。三、阅读理解第一节：阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ARoyal Engineers MuseumEventsChinese New Year（16 Jan--24 Feb）Join in as the Museum celebrates the Year of the Rat Get creative by decorating a paper lantern or creating your own rat toys.￡2 per activity, not included in standard prices.The Soldiers as Artists（5 Feb--23 Jun）Royal Engineers were also taught drawing to help make maps. The paintings and drawings on display show not only the soldiers’ drawing skills but also their talent that went beyond the training they received.Included in standard prices.Historic Headwear Hunt（19 Apr-26 Jul）Discover the unusual hats, caps and helmets worn by royal Engineers! Imagine what has happened to them over the last 300 years!Included in standard prices.Medway in Time（7 Jul--31 Aug）Following a 15-week Medway Adult Education course, the Museum is proud to present artworks about the area’s special history and traditions.Included in standard prices.Plan your VisitOpening timeTuesday-Sunday   10 a.m.-5 p. m.Standard ticketsAdult              ￡9.20       Senior citizen（老年人）      ￡8.20Child （5-15）      ￡4.60 Student ￡7.60Family（2Ad+ 2Ch）       ￡24.80 Serving Royal Engineers FreeHow to find usLocated on Prince Arthur Road. Gillingham. Kent.Within walking distance from Gillingham Station.Contact us Tel: 01634822839      www. re-museum. co. uk/contact
    31. Which activity can Lily join in if she visits Royal Engineers Museum on 19 Aug?A. Chinese New Year. B. The soldiers as artists.C. Medway in Time D. Historic headwear Hunt.32. Mr Brown brought his 5-year-old son to the museum and created a rat toy, how much did they pay at least?A. ￡9.20. B. ￡12.80. C. ￡13.80. D. ￡15.80.33. What can visitors do when visiting Royal Engineers Museum?A. Visitors can be taught drawing and map making.B. Visitors can buy the hats worn by royal engineers.C. Visitors can explore Medway’s history and traditions.D. Visitors can call 01634 822839 for some free tickets.【答案】31. C    32. D    33. C【解析】本文是皇家工程师博物馆活动广告，包括中国新年、作为艺术家的士兵、历史头饰狩猎、麦德威时间等，文中还说明了活动的开始时间及门票等。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据文中内容“Medway in Time（7 Jul--31 Aug）”可知，麦德威时间活动时间是从7月7日到8月31日，所以Lily在八月19日去参观博物馆的话，可以加入这项活动。故选C。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据文中价格，“Adult ￡9.20  Child （5-15）￡4.60 ”可知Mr Brown与他5岁的儿子的门票需要￡9.20+￡4.60=￡13.8；根据文中第一段内容“Join in as the Museum celebrates the Year of the Rat Get creative by decorating a paper lantern or creating your own rat toys.￡2 per activity, not included in standard prices.”可知，参加创造自己的老鼠玩具活动需要再付￡2，所以共要付￡13.8+￡2=￡15.8。故选D。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据“Royal Engineers were also taught drawing to help make maps.”可知，不是游客可以学习绘画和地图制作，故选项A错误；根据“Discover the unusual hats, caps and helmets worn by royal Engineers!”可知，游客不可以买到皇家工程师戴的帽子，故选项B错误；根据“the Museum is proud to present artworks about the area’s special history and traditions. Included in standard prices.”可知，博物馆展示该地区特殊历史和传统的艺术品，并包含在标准价格中，故选项C正确；根据“Serving Royal Engineers Free”可知，文中没有说打电话得到免费门票，故选项D错误。故选C。BAre you good with money? Do you get pocket money from your parents or do you work to make money? Read on to find out about British teenagers and their money!Pocket moneyMost teenagers in Britain receive pocket money from their parents. They might have to do some housework to get pocket money, including cleaning, cooking, washing dishes and so on.Part-time workA part-time job is a choice for teenagers who don’t have pocket money or who want to get extra money. About 15% teenagers have a job. Only children over the age of 13 can work. Popular part-time jobs for teens include babysitting, delivering（递送）newspapers, restaurant work and shop work. Children in Britain can work two hours a day at the most on a school day but not during school hours. During weekends and school holidays, they can work longer hours.Bank accounts（账户）Some children and teenagers have a bank account. There is no age limit at which you can open a bank account, but a bank manager can decide whether to open an account for a child or a young person. Parents can put pocket money directly into their child’s bank account. Most banks have a prepaid bank card designed for young people.Mobile appsMany companies have made mobile apps for children, including GoHenry, Osper and Gimi. Parents can add money to their children’s accounts and check to see how the money is spent. Children can choose to save their money or spend it using a card. The apps suggest that kids from 8 to 13 can use the cards.So, many teenagers are getting experience working part-time, dealing with banks and deciding whether to save or spend their money. These are all steps towards becoming a financially independent （经济独立的） person and making and looking after your own money.34. How can British teenagers get their pocket money?A. By doing homework. B. By doing housework.C. By opening accounts. D. By using mobile apps.35. To get extra money, British teenagers over 13 can___________.A. work in shops two hours a day during weekendsB. help to take care of babies during school hoursC. deliver newspapers for three hours on school daysD. work in restaurants every day as long as they wish36. What does the author think of the bank accounts and mobile apps for children?A. They may help parents save their children’s money.B. They may help kids learn to look after their money.C. They might prevent children getting extra money.D. They might get kids used to spending extra money.37. What is the passage mainly about?A. How to get along well with the bank managers.B. How to deal with bank accounts and mobile apps.C. How British teenagers work part-time to make money.D. How British teenagers make and manage their money.【答案】34. B    35. A    36. B    37. D【解析】本文主要讲了，英国大多数青少年通过做家务从父母那里得到零用钱，他们也可以做兼职工作来赚取额外的钱；英国青少年可以开一个银行账户并使用移动应用程序来消费，这些都可以帮助孩子们学会理财。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“They might have to do some housework to get pocket money, including cleaning, cooking, washing dishes and so on.”可知，英国的青少年可以做一些家务来获得零用钱。故选B。【35题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段Part-time work部分“Only children over the age of 13 can work. Popular part-time jobs for teens include babysitting, delivering（递送）newspapers, restaurant work and shop work. Children in Britain can work two hours a day at the most on a school day but not during school hours.”可知，在上学日时间，13岁以上的青少年可以在餐厅每天工作2小时，来获取额外的钱。故选A。【36题详解】推理判断题。根据Mobile apps部分“Children can choose to save their money or spend it using a card. 孩子们可以选择省钱或用卡片消费。”结合文章最后一句“These are all steps towards becoming a financially independent （经济独立的） person and making and looking after your own money. 这些都是让孩子成为一个经济独立的人，并赚取和照顾你自己的钱的步骤”可知，作者认为银行账号及移动app可知让孩子们学会理财。故选C。【37题详解】主旨大意题。根据本文内容，主要讲了英国大多数青少年通过做家务从父母那里得到零用钱，他们也可以做兼职工作来赚取额外的钱；英国青少年可以开一个银行账户并使用移动应用程序来消费，这些都可以帮助孩子们学会理财。所以“英国青少年如何赚钱和理财”符合本文主旨。故选D。CWe always think that it’s OK for us to leave our plants home during our vacation as plants won’t scream like pets right?A recent study done by a group of scientists at the Tel Aviv University has discovered that some plants will scream when they are under stress.The research was carried out on tomato plants and tobacco plants by cutting their stems（茎） and depriving（剥夺） them of water. A microphone was placed 10cm away from them. When their stems were cut, the plants started “screaming” between 20 and 100 kilohertz, and the scientists guess that this scream is probably meant to warn other plants nearby.When the tomato plants’ stems were cut, 25 ultrasonic（超声的） pain sounds were recorded in an hour, and at the same time, 15 ultrasonic pain sounds were recorded from the tobacco plants. When they were deprived of water, the tomato plants recorded even more pain sounds with 35 pain sounds in an hour while the tobacco plants recorded about 11 pain sounds.The plants also acted differently to different kinds of stresses. For example, the tobacco plants gave out a stronger “scream” when they were deprived of water than when their stems were cut. But plants that were in no immediate（立刻的）danger gave out less than one ultrasonic sound per hour.The group of scientists said that plants are not as quiet as we had always thought, but in fact their voices are so high-pitched that we just can’t hear them.Last year, another study has found out that plants feel pain when they are touched or hurt and they will give off a terrible smell.38. What have the group of scientists at the Tel Aviv University discovered?A. Some plants under stress will scream.B. Plants in danger scream to warn others.C. Some plants under stress feel energetic.D. Plants in danger give off a sweet smell.39. What was the microphone underlined in paragraph 3 used for?A. Cutting the stems of plants. B. Depriving plants of water.C. Collecting ultrasonic sounds. D. Testing different stresses.40. How many ultrasonic pain sounds did the tobacco plants give out in an hour when deprived of water？A. 11. B. 15. C. 25. D. 35.41. What can we learn from the passage?A. Tomato plants acted the same under different stresses.B. Tobacco plants gave off a smell when they were safe.C. Plants not in immediate danger screamed most weakly.D. Plants that felt pain screamed loudly for people to hear.【答案】38. A    39. C    40. A    41. C【解析】本文主要讲了科学研究发现，一些植物在受到压力时会发出高频率的尖叫声。植物对不同的胁迫有不同的反应。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段内容“A recent study done by a group of scientists at the Tel Aviv University has discovered that some plants will scream when they are under stress.”可知，特拉维夫大学的一组科学家研究发现，一些植物在受到压迫时会尖叫。故选A。【39题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“When their stems were cut, the plants started screaming between 20 and 100 kilohertz当它们的茎被切割时，这些植物开始在20到100千赫兹之间尖叫”可知，这是使用麦克风后收集到的声音分贝大小，结合常识可知，使用麦克风在这个实验里是为了收集超声波。故选C。【40题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“When they were deprived of water, the tomato plants recorded even more pain sounds with 35 pain sounds in an hour while the tobacco plants recorded about 11 pain sounds.”可知，当被剥夺水分时，烟草植株在一个小时里发出了大约11次疼痛的声音。故选A。【41题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“The plants also acted differently to different kinds of stresses.”可知，植物对不同种类的胁迫也有不同的反应，故选项A错误；根据最后一段“another study has found out that plants feel pain when they are touched or hurt and they will give off a terrible smell.”可知，当植物被触摸或伤害时，它们会感到疼痛，并会散发出讨厌的气味，故选项B错误；根据第五段“But plants that were in no immediate（立刻的）danger gave out less than one ultrasonic sound per hour.”可知，在没有立刻的危险时，植物每小时发出的尖叫声最弱，故选项C正确；根据第六段“but in fact their voices are so high-pitched that we just can’t hear them.”可知，植物发出的声音太高了，我们听不见它们，故选项D错误。故选C。DA horse fair is an interesting place. There were young horses from the country, little Welsh ponies and many beautiful horses too. But there were also a lot of poor, thin horses, tired from hard work. I was very sad to see them.At the horse fair there was a man with a gentle voice and kind grey eyes. He offered 23 pounds for me, but they refused. Then a man with a very loud voice came. I was afraid he was going to buy me, but he walked off. Then the grey-eyed man came back again and said:“I’ll give 24 for him.”“Done,” said the salesman. “He’s a quality horse and if you want him for cab（出租马车）work, he’s a bargain.”Half an hour later we set off for London, along country roads, until we came to that great city. There were streets to the right, and streets to the left. We went into one of the small streets, and then into a very narrow street, with small, old houses.My owner stopped at a house. The door opened, and a woman, a little girl and boy, came out.“Is he gentle, father?”“Yes, Dolly, as gentle as a kitten; you can pat him.”Dolly, the little girl, patted my shoulder without fear. It felt so good! They led me into a comfortable, clean stable, and after a delicious meal I lay down to sleep, thinking “I’m going to very happy here”.My new owner’s name was Jerry. His wife was called Polly and they had two children, Harry and Dolly. The next morning they came to see me. I loved it when they patted me and spoke in gentle voices.“Let’s call him ‘Jack’, after the old horse, shall we, Harry?” said Dolly.“Yes, let’s,” said Harry.The first week of my life as Jack, the London cab horse was very hard. The noise and the people and the traffic on the streets scared me. But Jerry was a very good driver, and that helped a lot Jerry soon found that I was ready to work hard and do my best, and he didn’t whip（鞭打）me.He kept us very clean, and gave us as much food as we wanted. But the best thing was that we had Sundays off.42. A horse fair is a place for__________.A. people to sell and buy horses B. horses to learn new skillsC. people to learn to ride horses D. horses to meet new friends43. What did the salesman mean by saying “he is a bargain”?A. The buyer is a good driver. B. The horse is well worth the price.C. The buyer is gentle and kind. D. The horse is as gentle as a kitten.44. Living and working in London with Jerry’s family, “I” felt___________.A. sad and helpless B. challenged but satisfiedC. tired and afraid D. curious but impatient45. What can be a suitable title for the passage?A. The experiences of visiting a horse fair.B. The chance of having a new owner.C. The disadvantages of working in London.D. The start of a London-cab-horse life.【答案】42. A    43. B    44. B    45. D【解析】本文讲述了一匹马被新的主人从马市上买走，这匹马开始了新的生活，它在主人家里过的很开心，主人给了它舒适的干净的马棚，这匹马很卖力的干活，主人没有鞭打它。【42题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“A horse fair is an interesting place.”及第二段“I was afraid he was going to buy me，but he walked off”并结合常识，可知，马市一个买卖马匹的地方。故选A。【43题详解】句意猜测题。根据第四段“He's a quality horse他是匹好马”，可知，卖马的人说这些话，是为了表明这匹马值这个价位。故选B。【44题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The first week of my life as Jack，the London cab horse was very hard. The noise and the people and the traffic on the streets scared me”可知，Jack刚到伦敦的生活很困难，这对他来说很有挑战性；根据第九段“They led me into a comfortable，clean stable，and after a delicious meal I lay down to sleep”可知，Jack对自己住的新环境感到非常满意。故选B。【45题详解】标题归纳题。根据第五段“Half an hour later we set off for London”至最后一段内容可知，本文主要讲述了一匹马新生活的开始。故选D。第二节：阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项使短文通顺连贯，其中有两项是多余选项。Winston Churchill once said, “We make a living by what we get, but we make a life by what we give.” These are certainly words that millions of volunteers around the world could agree with.In the US, April is National Volunteer Month, to praise and thank volunteers who lend their time, talent, and support to what they care about.____46____ People who volunteer spend their time doing things they feel strongly about. For example, animal lovers may volunteer at an animal centre to help improve the treatment of animals.Volunteering allows volunteers to meet new people, try out new skills and explore career choices. ____47____Take Andrew Makhoul, a student at the University of Pennsylvania, as an example. Andrew didn’t spend his last spring break relaxing. Instead, the 19-year-old boy decided to do something for people who were less lucky than himself. He travelled to an orphanage(孤儿院) in Guatemala in Central America. ____48____ And it depends on volunteers to stay open.Andrew doesn’t speak much Spanish, but he found communication wasn’t a problem, “You communicated with love,” according to an article on his university’s website. And what he gave out, he got back, “____49____” Andrew’s first time as a volunteer only lasted a week, but by the end of that week, he knew he’d be back soon — because he saw love and hope.US author Sherry Anderson once wrote, “____50____” And this is perhaps why volunteers all around the world keep doing what they do — their work is “priceless”.A. It is in one of the poorest parts of the country.B. You could see love when you looked in their eyes.C. Volunteering means choosing to work without being paid.D. It’s a chance for poor children to get better care and support.E. Life will be difficult, but I have the confidence to live a happy, full life.F. For young adults, valuable lessons may also be learned through volunteering.G. Volunteers don’t get paid, not because they’re worthless, but because they’re priceless.【答案】46. C    47. F    48. A    49. B    50. G【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了志愿者这一公益性质的工作。【46题详解】根据下文People who volunteer spend their time doing things they feel strongly about可知，从事志愿服务的人会花时间做他们十分想做的事情。故此处说的是志愿工作的定义。C选项Volunteering means choosing to work without being paid“志愿工作意味着这个人选择了一份没有报酬的工作”符合语境，故选C。【47题详解】根据上文Volunteering allows volunteers to meet new people, try out new skills and explore career choices可知，志愿工作可以让志愿者认识新的人，尝试新的技能，探索自己的职业选择。故此处说的是人们能从志愿工作学到的东西。F选项For young adults, valuable lessons may also be learned through volunteering“对于年轻人来说，也可以通过志愿活动吸取宝贵的经验教训”符合语境，故选F。【48题详解】根据下文And it depends on volunteers to stay open可知，孤儿院的运营要靠志愿者来支撑，可推断当地十分贫穷。A选项It is in one of the poorest parts of the country“它位于这个国家最贫困的地区之一”符合语境，故选A。【49题详解】结合上下文And what he gave out, he got back和Andrew’s first time as a volunteer only lasted a week, but by the end of that week, he knew he’d be back soon — because he saw love and hope可知，此处是安德鲁说他得到了被帮助的人的爱的回报。B选项You could see love when you looked in their eyes“当你看着他们的眼睛时，你能看到他们眼中的爱”符合语境，故选B。【50题详解】根据下文And this is perhaps why volunteers all around the world keep doing what they do — their work is “priceless”可知，这也许就是为什么全世界的志愿者都在做他们所做的事情——他们的工作是“无价的”。故此处说的是志愿者们不计报酬的工作是无价的。G选项Volunteers don’t get paid, not because they’re worthless, but because they’re priceless“志愿者得不到报酬，不是因为他们一文不值，而是因为他们无价之宝”符合语境，故选G。四、词汇运用A. 根据句意和汉语提示，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。51.Many Chinese people had to ____________(取消) their trips in February because of COVID-19.【答案】cancel【解析】【详解】句意：许多中国人因为COVID-19不得不取消了2月份的旅行。空格处所给中文提示为“取消”。cancel作动词，意为“取消”，have to后加动词原形，have to do sth.意为“不得不做某事”，故动词cancel应用原形，故答案为cancel。52.Have you read the report? Those____________（英雄） stories really touched me deeply.【答案】heroes’【解析】【详解】句意：你看过报告了吗？ 那些英雄的故事真的深深地打动了我。根据汉语提示及空前的those可知，空处应该用hero的复数形式heroes；根据空后的stories及句意可知，空处应该用名词所有格形式heroes’。故填heroes’。53.The Chinese government has done a lot to control plastic____________（污染）in big cities.【答案】pollution【解析】【详解】句意：中国政府在控制大城市的塑料污染方面做了很多工作。根据空前的plastic及句意可知，空处应该用名词形式；根据汉语提示可知，应该用不可数名词pollution。故填pollution。54.It’ll take about two days to finish the project if everything goes____________（顺利地）.【答案】smoothly【解析】【详解】句意：如果一切顺利的话，完成这个项目大约需要两天时间。根据空前的goes可知，空处应该用副词形式修饰动词goes；根据汉语提示可知，顺利地应该表达为smoothly。故填smoothly。55.It is____________（不礼貌的） to push in before others while waiting for the bus.【答案】impolite【解析】【详解】句意：在等公共汽车时，在别人前面插队是不礼貌的。根据句子结构可知，本句为it is +adj+ to do sth，所以空处应该用形容词；根据汉语提示可知，空处应该用形容词impolite。故填impolite。B. 根据短文意思和首字母提示，写出一个完整正确的单词。Paper-cutting is a famous folk art with a long history in China. It was used during f____56____ to decorate gates and windows. After hundreds of years’ d____57____, it has become a very popular way of decoration. The main cutting tools are s____58____ -paper and scissors or a knife, but clever and skilled paper-cutting artists can make very beautiful artworks. Chinese paper-cutting works have these features-“Flower in flower, theme in theme.” This means smaller pictures and stories are h____59____ in the works. You will be amazed by the wonderful designs when you look at their paper-cutting works c____60____. Through Chinese paper-cutting, people express their best wishes.【答案】56. festivals    57. development    58. simple    59. hidden    60. carefully/closely【解析】本文主要介绍了中国的传统剪纸艺术，流传好几百年，制作工具很简单，但做工精细，里面有很多图片和故事。【56题详解】句意：在节日期间它被用于装饰大门和窗户。考查名词。根据空后“to decorate gates and windows”结合给出的首字母提示可知，此处是指它是节日期间用来装饰门窗的；节日有很多，所以要用名词复数festivals。故填festivals。【57题详解】句意：经过几百年的发展，它已经成为一种非常流行的装饰方式。考查名词。根据“it has become a very popular way of decoration它已经成为一种非常流行的装饰方式”，结合所给出的首字母提示可知，此处是指在“发展”了好几百年之后；根据空前years’可知，空处应该用名词形式development。故填development。【58题详解】句意：主要的切割工具是简单的——纸和剪刀或刀，但聪明和熟练的剪纸艺术家却可以制作非常精美的艺术品。考查形容词。根据“paper and scissors or a knife”结合给出的首字母提示可知，此处是指剪纸的主要工具是很简单的；空格前面的词语是系动词，所以要用形容词来填空，简单的simple。故填simple。【59题详解】句意：这意味着更小的图片和故事隐藏在作品中。考查过去分词。根据“Flower in flower，theme in theme”结合给出的首字母提示可知，此处是指更小的图片和故事隐藏在作品中；对于图片和故事来说，是被隐藏的，所以要用“隐藏”hide的过去分词hidden来填空，表被动。故填hidden。60题详解】句意：当你仔细地看他们的剪纸作品时，你会对这些美妙的设计感到惊讶。考查副词。根据“when you look at their paper﹣cutting works”结合给出的首字母提示可知，此处是指当你“仔细地”看他们的剪纸作品的时候，所以要用副词来修饰动词look；根据所学知识可知，仔细地是carefully或closely。故填carefully/closely。五、选词填空从方框中选择恰当的词或短语并用其正确的形式填空（每个词或短语只能用一次）。noise;   easy;   touch;   lead to;   lie on the grass;   stay up;   arrive in;   go over;  be proud of;   make great efforts   61. Eating too much ice cream may____________ stomach problems.62. Avoid____________ your eyes, nose and mouth before washing your hands.63. —Alice, you weren’t in the classroom at four yesterday afternoon.— I____________ English grammar with Linda in the library.64. A short drive later, we arrived at a busy, ____________ factory. It’s full of working machines.65. Wang Jicai devoted his life to guarding the island. All the people in my hometown____________ him.66. Lisa is leaving for Canada soon by plane. She____________ Toronto on the morning of August 8, won’t she?67. It’s much____________ to understand the words with the help of the dictionary.68. Look! The little cat ____________. How lovely it is!69. Over the last ten years, China____________ to green the land.70. The boys were so excited about the basketball match that they____________ talking in their bedroom.【答案】61. lead to    62. touching    63. was going over    64. noisy    65. are proud of    66. will arrive in    67. easier    68. is lying on the grass    69. has made great efforts    70. stayed up【解析】【61题详解】句意：吃太多冰淇淋可能会导致胃病。根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“导致”，英语是lead to，而空格前是情态动词may，所以后面的动词应该用动词原形，故答案为lead to。【62题详解】句意：洗手前避免触摸眼睛、鼻子和嘴。根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“避免做某事”，英语是avoid doing sth，所以应该用-ing形式，而这里表达的是“触摸”，英语是touch，故答案为touching。【63题详解】句意：——爱丽丝，你昨天下午四点不在教室。——我正在图书馆和琳达复习英语语法。根据句意理解及空格后的English grammar可知，这里表达的是“复习”，英语是go over，而这里表达的是昨天下午四点的时候发生的动作，所以应该用过去进行时，结构是“was/ were+doing”，主语是第一人称，所以这里应该用was，故答案为was going over。【64题详解】句意：开车不一会儿后，我们到达了一家繁忙嘈杂的工厂。那里到处都是工作的机器。根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“吵闹的”，英语是noisy，是一个形容词，在句中修饰的是后面的名词factory，在句中作定语，故答案为noisy。【65题详解】句意：王继才一生致力于守岛。我家乡的人都以他为荣。根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“为……感到骄傲”，英语是短语be proud of，而句子主语是复数名词people，所以这里be动词应该用are，故答案为are proud of。【66题详解】句意：丽莎很快就要乘飞机去加拿大了。她将于8月8日上午到达多伦多，不是吗？根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“到达”，英语是arrive in，而由前句Lisa is leaving for Canada soon by plane.可知，“到达”这个动作还没有发生，所以应该用将来时，故答案为will arrive in。【67题详解】句意：有了词典的帮助，这些词就容易理解多了。根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“容易的”，英语是easy，而空格前有much，所以这里应该用比较级的形式，隐含着与之前的比较，故答案为easier。【68题详解】句意：看！小猫躺在草地上。多可爱啊！根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“躺在草地上”，英语是lie on the grass，而由句中的Look!可知，这里应该用现在进行时，主语是单数名词，所以be动词用is，lie的现在分词是lying，故答案为is lying on the grass。【69题详解】句意：在过去的十年里，中国为绿化土地做出了巨大的努力。根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“做出了巨大的努力”，英语是make great efforts。句中的时间是Over the last ten years，是现在完成时的标志词，而句子主语是China，所以应该用has，故答案为has made great efforts。【70题详解】句意：男孩们对篮球赛非常兴奋，以至于他们在卧室里熬夜聊天。根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“熬夜”，英语是stay up，而前句是The boys were so excited about the basketball match，用的是过去时，所以这里也用过去时，故答案为stayed up。六、完成句子根据所给汉语和句子意思，用英语补全句子。71.Kate____________（成为一名……成员） the dancing club since two years ago.【答案】has been a member of【解析】【详解】句意：凯特两年前就加入了舞蹈俱乐部。根据句意理解及中文提示可知，英语中“成为……的成员”是be a member of，而句中的时间是since two years ago，所以这里应该用现在完成时，结构是“have/ has+过去分词”，主语是Kate，所以这里应该用has，故答案为has been a member of。72.Tom bought a toy car yesterday. The wheels of it____________（是由木头制成的）.【答案】are made of wood【解析】【详解】句意：汤姆昨天买了玩具车，车的轮子是由木头制成的。此处句子表述事物的特征用一般现在时，表示“由某物制成”，而且看得见原材料，用be made of sth.；主语是the wheels是复数名词，宾语是木头wood。此处用are made of wood。故答案为are made of wood。73.Pingshu is my grandma’s favourite. It’s____________（最传统的之一） art forms in China.【答案】one of the most traditional【解析】【详解】句意：评书是我奶奶最喜欢的。这是中国最传统的艺术形式之一。根据汉语提示可知，此处是考查“最……之一”：one of the +最高级+可数名词复数；最传统的the most traditional，所以“最传统的艺术形式之一”应该表达为one of the most traditional art forms。故答案为one of the most traditional。74.Could you join us by____________（分发新书）, please?【答案】handing out (the) new books【解析】【详解】句意：你能和我们一起分发新书吗？根据句意理解及中文提示可知，英语中“分发”是hand out，“新书”是new books，用形容词修饰名词，而空格前是介词by，所以这里应该用动词ing形式，故答案为handing out (the) new books75.Their products____________（没达到标准）. They had to work last Sunday.【答案】weren’t up to standard【解析】【详解】句意：他们的产品不合格。上星期天他们不得不工作。根据句意理解及中文提示可知，英语中“达到”是be up to，“标准”是standard，而由后句中的动词had可知，这里的动词应该也用过去式，主语是复数名词，所以这里应该用were，而这里表达的是“没有达到”，所以应该用否定形式，故答案为weren’t up to standard。七、书面表达76.2020年6月，我市西游文化嘉年华（carnival）活动全面启动。为了鼓励同学们更好地阅读与理解《西游记》，你校组织了“我是美猴王”在线才艺展示活动。假定你是李华，请用英语写一封信，邀请外籍教师Nick参与评选。内容包括：（1）活动名称及目的；（2）时间地点：7月20日下午6:00前，学校网站；（3）参与方式：观看唱歌、故事讲述、短剧表演等视频作品，投票选择“最佳美猴王”；（4）希望他……注意：（1）词数90左右，开头和结尾已给出；（2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；（3）作文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称；（4）参考词汇：《西游记》Journey to the West   才艺展示 talent showDear Nick,The Cultural Carnival of Journey to the West has started. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,Li Hua【答案】Dear Nick,The Cultural Carnival of Journey to the West has started. To encourage students to better read and understand Journey to the West, our school has held an online talent show called I am the Monkey King. I’m writing to invite you to vote for us.You’re expected to visit our school’s website before 6 p.m. on July 20. There are not only videos of songs, stories but also short plays. You can enjoy paintings and speeches as well. We’d like you to vote for the best Monkey King.I hope you’ll like these works and learn more about Journey to the West.Yours,Li Hua【解析】【详解】1.题干解读：本文是一篇书信作文。要求以李华的名义，用英语写一封信，邀请外籍教师Nick参与评选你校组织的“我是美猴王”在线才艺展示活动。首先要认真审题，根据提示内容，列出写作要点及每个要点中可能要用到的表达；然后紧扣要点，动笔写作。2.例文点评：本文时态为一般现在时，人称主要为第一、二人称。书信第一段提出了活动的名称及目的，第二段提到了活动的时间及参与方式，第三段提出了希望；文章紧扣题目要点，内容完整，表述准确，语言的表述符合语法的结构，造句符合英语的表达习惯。3.高分亮点：短语：encourage…to…；write to；be expected to；not only…but also…；as well；would like sb to do sth；learn more about。句型：1. To encourage students to better read and understand Journey to the West, our school has held an online talent show called I am the Monkey King. 2. There are not only videos of songs, stories but also short plays. 3. You can enjoy paintings and speeches as well. 4. I hope you’ll like these works and learn more about Journey to the West.
  
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