初中英语中考复习 考点18 疑问句-备战2021年中考英语考点一遍过 （原卷版）

考点18 疑问句

命题趋势：

    陈述句是陈述一个事实或者说话人的看法的句子，陈述句分为肯定句和否定句，备战2017年中考时要牢记陈述句的肯定形式及否定形式等用法。

疑问句可分为一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、反意疑问句和选择疑问句四大类。中考英语试题一般考查这些疑问句的结构及其回答。

中考考查重点：

1. 掌握陈述句的肯定式、否定式；

2. 除no，not以外的表否定意义的词；

3. 掌握一般疑问句、特殊疑问句和选择疑问句的构成和基本用法；

4. 理解反意疑问句的构成和基本用法。

陈述句

陈述句主要分为肯定句和否定句。

考向一：陈述句的肯定句式

主要有五种基本句型：

1. 主语 + 谓语（不及物动词）

    The rain stopped. 雨停了

2. 主语 + 谓语（及物动词）+ 宾语

    Children are playing basketball. 孩子们在打篮球。

3. 主语 + 连系动词 + 表语

Leaves turn yellow in autumn. 秋天树叶变黄。

4. 主语 + 谓语（及物动词）+ 间接宾语 + 直接宾语

My father bought me a computer. 我爸爸给我买了台电脑。

5. 主语 + 谓语（及物动词）+ 宾语 + 宾语补足语

He made his sister cried just now. 他刚刚把他妹妹弄哭了。

考向二：陈述句的否定句式

1. 若句中有连系动词be、情态动词或助动词，则分别在它们的后面加上not。

His mother has already called the police for help. 他的母亲已经报警求助了。

→His mother hasn’t called the police for help yet. 他的母亲还没有报警求助。

【典例】

Sometimes you’re supposed to come early. (变为否定句)

Sometimes you ____________ ____________ supposed to come early.

2. 原句中没有连系动词be、助动词或情态动词时，要在行为动词前加助动词(do，does，did)与否定副词not。并且要注意这时的行为动词要用原形。另外，还需要将原句中的some改为any，too改为either，already改为yet。

The old man hurt his leg last Wednesday. 这位老人上周三腿受伤了。

→The old man didn’t hurt his leg last Wednesday. 这位老人上周三腿没有受伤。

【典例】

【2020黑龙江绥化中考】 He has some good ideas.（改为否定句）

He ______ have ________ good ideas.

3. 英语中有些肯定句与not连用只表示部分否定，所以在变为否定句时，只需将其中的某一（些）词语变为否定词即可。常见的这类词有both→neither，all→none，both... and... →neither... nor...，everyone/each→no one/nobody，each/either→neither，a few→few，a little→little。

All the students are listening carefully.

→None of the students is/are listening carefully.

Both Joy and Sam like singing Beijing Opera.

→Neither Joy nor Sam likes singing Beijing Opera.

【典例】

 【2020湖北宜昌中考】 —It’s unbelievable that 5G technology is progressing in such a rapid way!

—_______ is impossible.

  A. Something            B. Anything         C. Nothing          D. Everything.

4. 在含有宾语从句的主从复合句中，当主句的主语是第一人称，谓语动词是think时，如果要否定后面的宾语从句，习惯上否定主句的谓语动词。

I think she will come here soon.

→I don’t think she will come here soon.

疑问句

考向一：一般疑问句

英语中的疑问句分为一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句四种。所谓一般疑问句，就是可以用yes或no来回答的疑问句。

1. 肯定形式的一般疑问句

此类一般疑问句的结构为＂连系动词be/助动词/情态动词 + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他? ＂。

—Is he a good student? 他是一个好学生吗?

—Yes, he is. 是的，他是。/ No, he isn’t. 不，他不是。

—Does he go to school by bike? 他骑自行车去上学吗?

—Yes, he does. 是的，他骑。/ No, he doesn’t. 不，他不骑。

【典例】

【2020贵州铜仁中考】— Are there any notebooks on COVID-19 (新冠肺炎病毒) in your school?

— _______. They tell us how to protect ourselves in this big event.

A. Yes, they are  B. Yes, there are   C. Yes, there is   D. Yes, it is

2. 否定形式的一般疑问句

此类一般疑问句主要表示反问或惊讶，通常在连系动词be，情态动词或助动词后加not的缩略式n’t，并放在句首。

—Aren’t you a writer? 难道你不是作家吗？

　　—No, I’m not. 是的，我不是。

【注意】在这样的句子中，要注意句子的翻译，yes翻译成＂不＂，no翻译成＂是的＂。

【典例】

【2020青海中考】—What a fine day！Let’s go for a picnic, _______ ?

—Sounds like a good idea.

A. shall we    B. don’t we    C. can we

3. 用yes，no之外的词回答的一般疑问句

一般疑问句也可用其他表示肯定或否定的词回答，如：certainly，sure，of course，I think so，all right，certainly not，not at all，never，sorry，not yet，I’m afraid not等。

—Would you mind my joining your talk? 我加入你们的讨论，你们介意吗？

—Of course not. 当然不介意。

【典例】

【2020江苏常州中考】— Do you want to try some wild duck?

—_____. We should protect wild animals.

A. No idea      B. No problem      C. No way      D. No doubt

考向二：特殊疑问句

以疑问词开头的疑问句叫特殊疑问句。特殊疑问句的基本结构是＂疑问词 + 一般疑问句＂。常见的疑问词有what，who，whose，which，when，where，how，what time，what color，how much，how many，how long，how often，how soon等。

1. 特殊疑问句的语序

疑问词作主语时，句子的语序与陈述句的语序相同。当疑问词作句子的宾语、状语等时，应用＂疑问词 + 一般疑问句＂结构。

Who will give us a talk? 谁将给我们做报告？（who作主语）

When do you get up every day? 你每天什么时候起床？（when作时间状语）

【典例】

到目前为止你看了多少部英文电影？（根据所给中文意思完成句子）

___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ so far?

2. 否定形式的特殊疑问句

否定形式的特殊疑问句由＂疑问词 + 一般疑问句的否定形式＂构成，主要表示劝告、建议或责备等。

Why didn’t you tell me earlier? 你为什么不早点告诉我呢？

When can’t he come? 他什么时候不能来？

3. 对画线部分提问

这类题实际上就是将所给的陈述句变为特殊疑问句。解这类题时通常分三步完成：首先选准疑问词；然后改为疑问句语序；最后抄写剩余的部分。当对句子的主语提问时，其语序是＂疑问词 ＋ 谓语 ＋ 其他成分? ＂。

Jack is over there.

→Who is over there?

He comes to China once a year.

　　→How often does he come to China?

【典例】

Lucy will leave for London on business in three hours. (对画线部分提问)

____________ ____________ will Lucy leave for London on business?

【答案】How soon

【解析】＂in + 时间段＂常与一般将来时连用，对此提问要用how soon，表示＂多久＂。

考向三：选择疑问句

要求对方对两种或两种以上的情况进行选择的问句叫选择疑问句。选择疑问句的最后两个供选择部分用or连接。选择疑问句有两种：一般选择疑问句和特殊选择疑问句。

—Do you like Tom or Jerry? 你喜欢汤姆还是杰瑞？

—I like Jerry. 我喜欢杰瑞。

—Which do you like best, apples, oranges or bananas? 你最喜欢哪样，苹果、橘子还是香蕉?

—I like apples best. 我最喜欢苹果。

【注意】选择疑问句不能用yes或no来回答。

【典例】

【2020·湖北十堰】— What would you like, juice or coffee?

—_________. I just want a glass of water.

A. Both        B. Neither     C. Either      D. None.

考向四：反意疑问句

1. 反意疑问句的特点

反意疑问句是由两部分构成的：前一部分是对事物的陈述，后一部分是简短的提问。即＂陈述句 + 附加疑问句＂。反意疑问句前后两部分必须遵循的原则是＂三同一反＂，即：人称相同，动词相同，时态相同，前肯后否，前否后肯。

Mary is a worker, isn’t she? 玛丽是工人，是不是？

You won’t go to the Summer Palace tomorrow, will you? 明天你不去颐和园，是吗？

2. 反意疑问句的答语

对反意疑问句的回答，不管问题的提法如何，若事实是肯定的，就用yes回答；若事实是否定的，就用no回答。注意在＂前否后肯＂的反意疑问句的答语中，yes意为＂不＂，no意为＂是＂。

—He isn’t going to the meeting, is he? 他不去参加会议，是吗？

—Yes, he is. 不，他要去。/ No, he isn’t. 对，他不去。

3. 常考的反意疑问句

初中阶段常考的反意疑问句有以下几种：

（1）There be句型构成反意疑问句时，附加疑问句的主语应用there。

（×）There is a cat under the chair, isn’t it?

（√）There is a cat under the chair, isn’t there?

（2）如果陈述句中含有表示否定意义的词，如never，hardly，few，little等，在构成反意疑问句时，附加疑问句部分需用肯定式。

I could hardly see the bird in the sky, could I? 我几乎看不见空中的鸟，对吗?

　　Jim’s never seen such a wonderful football match before, has he? 吉姆以前从没看过一场如此精彩的足球赛，是吗？

　　He dislikes volleyball, doesn’t he? 他不喜欢排球，是不是？

　　Jenny looks unhappy today, doesn’t she? 今天珍妮看起来不高兴，是不是？

（3）祈使句之后的附加疑问句

①一般祈使句之后的附加疑问部分常用＂will you? ＂或＂won’t you? ＂。

（4）主从复合句构成反意疑问句时，附加疑问句部分通常与主句在主谓上保持一致；如果主从复合句为＂I (don’t) think/believe + 宾语从句＂，附加疑问部分应与宾语从句在主谓上保持一致。

　　I think Tom runs fastest of all, doesn’t he? 我认为在所有人中汤姆跑得最快，对吗？

1. The Brows were watching TV when they got the phone call last night.（改为一般疑问句）

  __________ the Browns__________ TV when they got the phone call last night?

2. Dr Ma laid his papers on the desk for the young doctors to study. (改为一般疑问句)

_______ Dr Ma ________ his papers on the desk for the young doctors to study?

3. The Bridge connecting Nantong to Zhangjiagang is 11,072 metres long. (对划线部分提问)

_________ ________ is the bridge connecting Nantong to Zhangjiagang?

4. The middle school boy can tell traditional Chinese stories in English. (改为一般疑问句)

_________the middle school boy_________ traditional Chinese stories in English?

5. People will have robots at home in 20 years. （对划线部分提问）

_______ _______ will people have robots at home？

6. The dictionary cost him 120 yuan.（对划线部分提问）

________ ________did the dictionary cost him？70. How much

7. She often reads with her daughter in the evening. （改为否定句）

She _____ often _____ with her daughter in the evening.

8. (2020重庆中考B卷)70. Uncle Zhu is making a vegetable salad for dinner now. （对划线部分提问）

 _____ _____ Uncle Zhu making for dinner now?

9. David can hardly speak Chinese. (改为反意疑问句)

   David can hardly speak Chinese, ________ ________?87. can he

10. I improved my Chinese a lot with the teachers’ help. (就划线部分提问)

_______ _______ you improve your Chinese a lot? How did

1.【2020·云南中考】 —________was the car invented?

— It was invented in 1885.

A. When             B. Which               C. Who             D. Where

2. 【2020湖北宜昌中考】—______ did the rules about keeping civilized dogs（文明养狗）come out in Yichang?

—I’m not sure about the exact date but I totally agree.

  A. Why              B. When            C. Who         D. What

3. 【2020湖北鄂州中考】—She's never heard of Abing, ________ she?

—________. She said that his piece, Erquan Yingyue was her favorite music.

A. is; Yes, she is B. has; Yes, she has C. hasn't; No, she hasn't D. isn't; No, she isn't

4. 【2020湖北天门中考】 —_______ do you go to the library？

—Twice a week.

A. How soon    B. How long    C. How often     D. How far

5.【2020上海中考】—_________is in charge of the summer concert?

—Jessie. She has a lot of experience.

A. Where             B. Why          C. What          D. Who

6.【2020贵州黔南中考】—Mike,_____ will the new science museum be built?

—It will be built in the center of the city.

A. when      B. where      C. what      D. why

7.【2020贵州黔南中考】—It’s Father’s Day,_____?

—Yes. Let’s buy a gift for dad. He works very hard for us.

A. isn’t it      B. doesn’t it     C. isn’t he     D. doesn’t he

8.【2020贵州铜仁中考】— Are there any notebooks on COVID-19 (新冠肺炎病毒) in your school?

— _______. They tell us how to protect ourselves in this big event.

A. Yes, they are  B. Yes, there are   C. Yes, there is   D. Yes, it is

9.【2020甘肃天水】Let’s meet at the school gate, ________ ?

A. shall we       B. shall you        C. will we       D. will you

10.【2020北京中考】—_______ do you visit your grandparents, Tom?

—Twice a month.

A. How much   B. How often   C. How long   D. How soon

1.【2020重庆市永川区一诊测试题】—______________ is your home from school, Ben?

—Oh, It’s not very far, only______________ walk.

A.  How long; ten-minute B. How far; ten minutes

C. How long; ten minutes’ D. How far; ten minutes’

2.【2020北京市101中学中考三模】—_________do you have dinner with your family at restaurants？

—Hardly ever．

A. How often B. How long C. How many D. How much

3.【2020安徽省合肥市庐阳区中考二模】—How about taking a taxi there? It's faster.

—__________. It's rush hour now, so it may take longer.

A. Sounds great B. Promise! C. Better not D. Take it easy

4.【2020安徽省合肥市瑶海区中考二模】—Shall we sit in the corner or by the window ?

—___________. I don’t mind.

A. None B. Both C. Neither D. Either

5.【2020甘肃省张掖市中考一模】—_____ is your uncle? Does he still work as an engineer?

—Yes, he has been an engineer for twenty years.

A. Whom B. What C. Who D. Which

6.【2020甘肃省张掖市中考一模】— Let’s go hiking, ________?

— OK. Let’s go.

A. do you B. don’t you C. will you D. shall we

7.【2020甘肃省张掖市中考一模】—Would you mind if I turn on the radio? —________. The baby is sleeping in the next room.

A. No, I don’t mind B. Not at all

C. Better not D. That’s all right

8.【2020山东省济南市市中区中考二模】—________ father took part in the charity activity yesterday?

—Peter’s father, Mr. Williams.

A. Whose B. What C. Which D. Who

9.【2020江苏省徐州市六区县中考二模】—How do you find the trip to New York?

—______________________________.

A. The guide took us there B. First by train and then by bus

C. Very wonderful D. It's not far from our hotel

10.【2020北京市昌平区中考二模】—Jennifer, ________makes you so unhappy?

—I can't go outside or play with my friends.

A. what B. where C. when D. who

11. 【2020北京市丰台区三模】— ________may I keep the book, madam?

— For two weeks.

A. how much B. how many C. how often D. how long