初中英语中考复习 秘籍09 情态动词-2021年中考英语抢分秘籍(原卷版)
展开这是一份初中英语中考复习 秘籍09 情态动词-2021年中考英语抢分秘籍(原卷版),共8页。试卷主要包含了 情态动词的意义;, 情态动词的基本句型;, 情态动词的基本用法,can’t和mustn’t等内容,欢迎下载使用。
秘笈09 情态动词
考点 1 情态动词
情态动词是初中英语里的一个重要的语法项目,也是全国各省市中考试题的考查热点。在备战2020年中考时,考生要牢记情态动词的结构和意义以及其表示推测时的用法,多做练习,在实践中加以区分。
中考考查重点:
1. 情态动词的意义;
2. 情态动词的基本句型;
3. 情态动词的基本用法。
考向1 情态动词的用法
情态动词 | 用法 | 例句 | ||||
can/could | 表示能力,意为"能,会" | I can read this sentence in English. 我能用英语读这句话。 | ||||
表示许可时,意为"可以,能够",相当于may | She said that I could use her computer. 她说我可以使用她的电脑。 | |||||
用于推测,表示可能性,意为"可能",could比can更加不肯定,多用于否定或疑问句 | The man can’t be our teacher — he has gone to Beijing. 那个男人不可能是我们的老师,他去北京了。 There is someone outside — who can it be? 有人在外面,可能是谁呢? | |||||
【知识拓展】 1. can的一般疑问句,肯定回答用Yes, ...can;否定回答用No, ...can’t。 —Can you play the piano? 你会弹钢琴吗? —Yes, I can. 是的,我会。/No, I can’t 不,我不会。 2. can,could和be able to的区别:can只有现在式和过去式,而be able to可以用于各种时态;can( could)表示能力时,可用be able to代替。 I can(am able to) afford the car. 我能买得起这辆小汽车。 She has been able to come to school. 她已经能去学校了 I could(=was able to) drive a car before I left school. 毕业前我就会开车。 | ||||||
may/might | 表示允许或许可,意为"可以" | May I use your phone? 我可以用用你的电话吗? | ||||
表示征询许可时,might比may的语气委婉 | —Might I ask for a photograph of your little daughter?我能要一张你小女儿的照片吗? —Yes, you may. 是的,你可以。 | |||||
用于表推测时,是"可能,或许"之意,might语气更加不肯定,多用于肯定句 | He may be wrong, but I’m not sure. 也许他错了,但我也不确定。 She might be very busy now. 她现在可能非常忙。 | |||||
【知识拓展】 1. may的一般疑问句,肯定回答用Yes, ...may. /Yes, of course. /Yes, certainly.;否定回答用No, ...can’t/mustn’t。 —Might/May I smoke in this room? 我可以在这间屋子里抽烟吗? —Yes, you may. 是的,你可以。/No, you can’t/mustn’t. 不,不可以。 2. 用于表示推测时,may和might一般不用于疑问句,而在疑问句中,常使用can;在否定句中,maynot/might not意为"可能不",而can’t/couldn’t意为"不可能"。 The young people might not like the idea. 年轻人可能不喜欢这个主意。 It can’t/couldn’t be our headmaster. He has gone to America. 那人不可能是我们校长。他已经去美国了。 | ||||||
must | 表示必须,一定要,指说话人的主观语气 | You must obey the school rules. 你必须遵守校规。 | ||||
mustn’t表示禁止,意为"千万不要,禁止",是说话人强有力的劝告 | You mustn’t play with the knife or you may hurt yourself. 你禁止玩刀否则你可能会伤到自己。 | |||||
表示推测时,用于肯定句,意为"想必,一定",否定句中用can’t/couldn’t来代替 | This must be your room. 这一定是你的房间。 He must be eighty now. 他现在想必有八十岁了。 | |||||
【知识拓展】 1. must的一般疑问句,肯定回答为Yes, ...must.;否定回答为No, ...needn’t./No, ...don’t have to. —Must I clean the classroom now? 我必须现在打扫教室吗? —Yes, you must. 是的,你必须。/No, you don’t have to. /No, you needn’t. 不,你不必。 2. must和have to的区别: ①用must表示"必须"的意思时,通常着重于说话者的主观看法,认为有必要去做某事;而have to着重于客观需要,含有"不得不"的意思。 We must study English hard. 我们必须努力学习英语。 You are ill today. You have to see a doctor. 你今天病了,不得不去看医生。 ②用must表示"必须",只有现在时态的形式,如果要表示过去时或将来时的"必须",就要用have to的相应形式。 You must drive fast to catch the time. 你必须开车开快点来赶时间。 They will have to leave tomorrow morning. 他们必须明天早晨起程。 | ||||||
will | 表示意志、愿望和决心,常译为"愿意" | If you will help us, we shall be very grateful. 如果你愿意帮助我们,我们将不胜感激。 | ||||
用于第二人称疑问句,表示请求或建议等 | Will you have dinner with me tonight? 今天晚上和我一起吃饭好吗? | |||||
表示习惯性动作或某种倾向,多用于现在时,常译为"总是" | Kate will sit there, waiting for her daughter to come back. 凯特总是坐在那儿等女儿回来。 | |||||
would | 作为will的过去式,可表示过去的意志、愿望或决心等,意为"愿意" | He promised he would never smoke again. 他承诺他再也不吸烟了。 | ||||
表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向 | Their English teacher would tell them stories in English after class. 他们的英语老师总是在课后用英语给他们讲故事。 | |||||
用于第二人称疑问句中,表示现在的请求、建议,比will的语气委婉 | Would you please pass the English-Chinese dictionary on to Mary? 请把这本英汉词典传给玛丽好吗? | |||||
【知识拓展】 would like意为"愿意,想要";would like/love to do sth 意为"愿意/想要做某事";would like sb to do sth意为"想要某人做某事"。 Would you like a cup of tea? 你想喝杯茶吗? Would you like to sing a song? 你想唱首歌吗? I would like you to wake me up at 5:30 tomorrow morning. 我想让你在明天早晨5:30叫醒我。 | ||||||
shall | 用于第一、三人称疑问句,表示征求对方意见 | Shall we begin now? 我们现在就开始吗?’ Tom is waiting outside. Shall he come in, sir? 汤姆正在门外等着,可以让他进来吗,先生? | ||||
用于第二、三人称陈述句时,表示命令、警告、允诺或威胁等 | Yon shall fail if you don’’t work hard. 如果你不努力工作,你就会失败。 | |||||
should | shall的过去式,用于第一、三人称,多用于间接引语中,以征求对方意见 | I asked the manager if I should have a few days off. 我问经理我是否可以请几天假。 | ||||
表示义务,职责时,意为"应当,应该",往往表示说话者的观点 |
| |||||
表示惊讶、遗憾等,意为"竟然,居然" |
| |||||
need | 表示"需要,必须",多用于疑问句和否定句 | Need you go so soon? 你需要这么早走吗? You needn’t come so early. 你不必来这么早。 | ||||
【知识拓展】 need的一般疑问句,肯定回答为Yes, ... must.;否定回答为No, ... needn’t. —Need he finish the article next week? 他需要下星期完成这篇文章吗? —Yes, he must. 是的,他必须完成。/No , he needn’t. 不,他不需要。 | ||||||
have to | 表示不得不,说明客观条件只能如此;有时态形式的变化;否定式don’t have to意为"不必"(= needn’t) | My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the midnight. 我弟弟病得厉害,我只得半夜里把医生请来。 I haven’t got any money with me, so I’ll have to borrow some from my friend. 我身上没带钱,只好向朋友借点了。 | ||||
1.can 和be able to
can 只有现在时和过去时could。
be able to有现在时、过去时和将来时。
2.can’t和may not
can’t语气肯定,表示“不可能”。
may not语气不肯定,表示“可能不”。
3.must和have to
must表示主观看法,意为“必须、应该”。
have to强调客观需要,意为“不得不”。
4.can’t和mustn’t
can’t意为“不可能”,表示推测。
mustn’t意为“禁止、不许”,不表示推测。
1、情态动词can、may、must表示语气和情态,人称与数无变化,动词原形跟着它。
2、情态动词两要点:动词原形跟后面,说话语气较委婉。cab表“能力”,may表“许可”,must 表“责任”或“义务”,否定回答needn't换,"需要”need,dare“敢”。should“应该”,would“愿”,have to“被迫”表客观。
3、may(might)与must:否定may用mustn't,否定must用needn't。祝愿句中只用may,把握不大用might。
need的用法:实义动词表"需要“,后接名、代和不定式。need后面接动名词,主动形式表被动。情态动词表”需要“,没有时态、数、人称。其后直接跟动词,多用于疑问和否定。名词need表”需要“,平时也可常用到。
4、情态动词ought to与should:ought to,should两相通,语气ought to比较重。该做没做用完成。
5、情态动词shall:shall二三人称用,允诺、命令、要求加警告;shall问句表征询,一三人称用得妙。
1.【2020·山东省济南稼轩学校九年级月考】—There is something wrong with my computer. _____ you help me fix it up?
—No problem.
A.Could B.Must C.Should D.May
2.【2020·沙坪坝区·重庆八中九年级月考】—Who is the girl singing in the music room? Is it Mary?
— No, it_____be her. She is now on business in Shanghai.
A.must B.can’t C.can D.mustn’t
3.【2020·金昌市第六中学九年级其他模拟】— Mom, must I clean my room now?
— _____. You can clean it after finishing your homework.
A.Yes, you must B.No, you can't
C.No, you needn't D.Yes, I don't have to
4.【2020·重庆巴蜀中学九年级月考】You _____ be tired after walking a long way. Go to bed earlier tonight.
A.need B.must C.needn’t D.mustn’t
5.【2020·费县第二中学九年级月考】We should keep quiet in the reading room. We _____ speak loudly.
A.must B.needn’t C.mustn’t
6.【2020·达拉特旗第五中学九年级其他模拟】As a student, you _____ care too much about your reading skills, as they play _____ role in your studies.
A.should; so important B.mustn’t; such an important
C.can’t; so important a D.needn’t; such an important
7.【2020·南昌经济技术开发区新城学校九年级期末】—Is this red volleyball Carin’s?
—It _____ be Carin’s. _____ is black.
A.needn’t; Her B.must; She C.can’t; She D.can’t; Hers
8.【2020·邯郸市第二十三中学九年级月考】I’ve got time. I_____wait for you until you finish your work.
A.can B.would C.must D.need
9.【2020·河北石家庄市·石家庄新世纪外国语学校九年级月考】Don't worry about me. I_____ make it by myself.
A.may B.might C.would D.can
10.【2020·许昌市第一中学九年级其他模拟】It's common knowledge that physical exercise_____protect people against heart diseases.
A.must B.need C.can D.should
11.【2020·达拉特旗第五中学九年级其他模拟】—May we leave the classroom now?
— No, you _____. You _____ to leave until the bell rings.
A.needn’t; aren’t allowed B.may not; are allowed
C.mustn’t; aren’t allowed D.can’t; are allowed
12.【2020·武汉市英格中学九年级其他模拟】-You _____ be happy with the strong public support you’ve received.
-Yes,you’re right.I’m really excited.
A.may B.can C.must D.need
13.【2020·江苏盐城市·永丰中学九年级其他模拟】 ---Hi,Mike . I saw Jim in the zoo just now .
---It _____ be him. He has gone to Beijing .
A.can’t B.must C.mustn’t D.can
1.—Mom, I’ve signed for a big box by Future Express(快递). What’s in it?
—I’m not sure. It_____be a present from your brother.
A.might B.must C.should D.will
2.—Look at the man standing at the school gate. Is he your math teacher Mr. Brown?
—No, it _____ be him. He has gone to Chengdu on business.
A.needn’t B.mustn’t C.can’t D.shouldn’t
3.—Could I borrow your basketball, Gina?
—Sorry, you _____. I _____ it to Tom.
A.couldn’t; lent B.can’t; have lent C.couldn’t; have lent D.could; lent
4.— Zoe, what do you think is the greatest advantage of shopping online?
— At least I _____ spend much time going from shop to shop.
A.shouldn’t B.can’t C.needn’t D.mustn’t
5.—Excuse me, are the glasses Mike’s?
—No, they _____ be Mike’s. He doesn’t wear glasses.
A.needn’t B.can’t C.shouldn’t D.mustn’t
6.— Mum, must I stay there for the whole day?
— No, you _____ .You _____ come back after lunch, if you like.
A.mustn't, can B.needn't; must C.needn't; can D.mustn't; must
7.— Look at the boy riding a horse over there. Is he your friend David?
—No, it_____be David. His left leg was badly hurt in an accident yesterday.
A.must B.mustn't C.can D.can't
8.—Lily is intelligent and hard-working, she _____ do well in the singing competition.
—Sure. She was born to be a singer.
A.should B.might C.can’t
9.—Could you please _____ the story _____ French? —No problem.
A.translate…with… B.to translate…with…
C.translate…into… D.to translate…into…
10.A hard-working man _____ become a great scientist, but a great scientist _____ be a hard-working man.
A.may not; must B.may not; can C.can't; must D.can't; can
11.— Steve _____ be back because the window is closed.
— Yes, but he _____ forget to open it when he comes back home.
A.can't; may B.mustn't; could C.shouldn't; may
12.— A little bird entered through the open window to join us for dinner last night.
—Wow, the unexpected guest _____ welcomed.
A.will be B.must be C.won’t be D.mustn’t be
13.The boy is very brave.I _____ he _____ the tall tree.
A.dare say; dares to climb B.dare to say; dare climbing
C.dare saying; dares climb D.dare to say; dares climbed
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