初中英语中考复习 专题04 中考阅读完形高频词汇详解（练习）-2019年中考英语考前冲刺必背必练词汇

中考阅读完形高频词汇详解（练习版）

1. thought   n. _______________

v. _______________（_________的过去式和过去分词）

【例句】They were quite surprised and all reached the hall holding various thoughts．

【翻译】________________________________________________________。

【解析】thought 一般用于两种情况.。第一种为动词_________的过去式/过去分词，例如：He thought they needed to know the direction to it. （____________________________________。）第二种用法作_________，译为__________________。例句中即为此用法。

2. carefully  adv. ____________
   【例句】Then they were asked to write their names on their respective（各自的）balloons carefully．

【翻译】______________________________________________________。

【解析】carefully是care的派生词，care的其他派生词也是高频词汇，需要考生记忆。
careful  adj.  __________________ 例句：We have to be careful with fire.（____________________________________。）
careless  adj. __________________ 例句：The boy was so careless that he knocked into a tree. （____________________________________）
carelessly adv. __________________例句：The boy carelessly put the cup on the edge of the table and it fell off.（_____________________________________________）

3. solution n. ___________________________

【例句】Many times in our life，sharing and helping others give us real solutions to problems．

【翻译】_______________________________________________________________。

【解析】solution为solve的名词形式。
solve vt. __________________。solve problems  “__________________”同样是重点短语。

4. information n. ___________________________
   【例句】I search information and practice English listening and speaking with their help.
   【翻译】______________________________________________________。
   【解析】information的动词形式为inform。
           inform vt. __________________。例句：How do I inform them of my arrival time?（___________________________？）

5. suggest  vt. _____________________________________________
   【例句】Our findings suggest that exposure to green space early in life could result in beneficial structural changes in the brain．
   【翻译】_______________________________________________________________。
   【解析】suggest常见意思为“_________ “，但是在本句中译为 “_________”。它的名词形式为suggestion，也是完形填空中的高频词汇。
          suggestion n. __________________________ 例句：Do you have any suggestion?（__________________）
    
6. improvement  n. __________________

【例句】Self﹣improvement may not be everybody's favorite word，but if we look at things in a different way， we might have greater chances of enjoying the whole process instead of counting the days until we are fully improved．
【翻译】______________可能不是每个人都喜欢的词，但是如果我们以不同的方式看待事物，我们可能会有更大的机会享受整个过程，而不是数着日子，直到我们完全__________。
【解析】improve 为其动词形式。 vt. ___________________________
What do you think we should do to improve our environment? 
_____________________________________________?

7. disappear vi. ___________________________
   【例句】When the calves' mothers were older and more experienced at raising babies, this beneficial “grandmother effect” disappeared even if the actual grandmothers were still around.
   【翻译】当小牛犊的母亲年纪大一些，在抚养孩子方面更有经验时，这种有益的“外婆效应”就_________了，即使真正的外婆还在身边。
   【解析】注意记忆与disappear相关的词汇
   appear vi. ___________________________
   The Telegraph brand will appear on some products but not all. 
   《每日电讯报》的品牌将_________在某些产品上，但并非全部产品。

appearance n. __________________
You should not remark on her appearance. __________________。
disappearance n. __________________ This principle also explains the disappearance of sound. 

这一原则同样适用于声音的__________________。

8. consider  vt. __________________
   【例句】It's even more difficult for policy makers and school officials to channel funds (资金) towards classes like drama, when the skills arts subjects develop are considered “soft skills.”
   【翻译】对于政策制定者和学校官员来说，更难将资金用于戏剧类课程，因为艺术类课程的发展被_________是“软技能”。
    
9. ruin v. __________________
   【例句】But the basketball hoop in their neighborhood park had been ruined by a fallen tree.
   【翻译】____________________________________
   【解析】注意同义词辨析。
    destroy 常指彻底的、不能或很难修复的“破坏”、“毁坏”，程度较深。例如： 
   The earthquake destroyed almost the entire city. ____________________________________。
   ruin 也是指严重的以至于不能修复的“破坏”，但这种破坏不指毁灭某物，而是指长期损坏的结果。它也可用来表示抽象概念。
   damage 是程度较小的“破坏”、“损坏”，一般指被破坏的物品可以重新修复。例如： 
   The storm damaged several houses in the village. ____________________________________。 
    
10. influence   n. ______________

vt. ______________

【例句】They aimed at learning the influence of human's activities on the environment by studying the garbage.
【翻译】______________________________________________________。
【解析】influence 还常用于动词。We influence each other, grow together. ___________________________。

11. surprise  ____________________________________
    【例句】Alia was surprised by her structure (构图) and self-control involved in drawing a portrait.
    【翻译】______________________________________________________。
    【解析】surprise 作名词时常译为“______________”，例句：To my surprise, he plays football very well. _____________________________________________。
           surprise作动词时常译为“_________”，例句：Tell them what to do and they will surprise you with their ingenuity. 告诉他们要做什么，他们会用他们的创造力来__________你。
           surprised adj. ___________________________，例句中即为形容词用法

12. frighten  vt. ______________________
    【例句】We often believe that someone or rather, most people are better than us - when in actual, the fact is, most people are more frightened than us.
    【翻译】______________________________________________________
    【解析】frighten 作动词常译为“_________”，例句：Did the noise frighten you? __________________
            frightened adj. __________________，例句中即为此用法。

13. suffer from __________________
    【例句】Scientific studies have shown that if indoor temperatures are high in hot weather, people will suffer from certain health problems and have a lower productivity.
    【翻译】________________________________________________________________________。
    【解析】suffer vt. __________________，常与from搭配出现。需记忆词组。

14. embarrass   v. （尤指在社交场合）__________________
    【例句】I felt so embarrassed that I didn't know what to do.
    【翻译】____________________________________。
    【解析】embarrass 作动词，常以为“__________”，例如：Do not do anything to embarrass yourself or China。___________________________。
            embarrassed  adj. ___________________________。
            unembarrassed  adj. ___________________________

15. adequate adj. ___________________________
    【例句】More than 60 percent of children and teens do not get adequate sleep, which can put their health at risk.
    【翻译】____________________________________。
    【解析】adequate sleep 译为“__________________”

16. contribute  vt. ___________________________
    【例句】Other factors, such as noise and light pollution , contributed to the problem.
    【翻译】___________________________。
    【解析】contribution  n. __________________ 例句：We will do more contribution for beautifying our life and home environment . ____________________________________。

17. pollute vt. ___________________________
    【例句】Other factors, such as noise and light pollution , contributed to the problem.
    【翻译】___________________________
    【解析】pollute 为重点动词，译为“_________”。例句：We should not pollute our rivers with waste. ____________________________________。
            pollution n. _________，例句中即为名词用法。air pollution _________ water pollution _________ noise pollution _________  light pollution _________

18. serious  adj. __________________
    【例句】Lack（缺失）of sleep among children and teenagers deserves high attention, because it can seriously affect their health and growth.
    【翻译】________________________________________________________________________
    【解析】serious为形容词，常译为“_________”，例句：What will you do with the serious problem? ___________________________？ 另一个常用用法译为“严__________________，例句：You should be serious about your job. ___________________________
            seriously adv. __________________，为副词形式。例句中即为此用法。
    *deserve vi. ___________________________

19. apart from ___________________________
    【例句】Apart from the people asleep, almost everybody else was on their phones.
    【翻译】____________________________________
    【解析】apart adv. _________ adj. _________ 例句：I could say till death do us apart. ___________________________。

20. discover   vt. __________________
    【例句】Then they discovered that a special type of bacteria (细菌), carried by the deer tick, was causing the disease.
    【翻译】然后他们_________由鹿虱携带的一种特殊类型的细菌引起了这种疾病。
    【解析】discovery n. __________________。例句：After reading this, I have new discovery. ___________________________。
     
21. successfully  adv. __________________
    【例句】After much research, the cause of Lyme disease was successfully identified (确认), thanks to the hard work of many scientists, doctors and patients.
    【翻译】________________________________________________________________________
    【解析】相关词链接：
    succeed vi. __________________ Only by this means can you succeed. ___________________________
    success n. __________________。例句：What should we do to achieve success? __________________
    successful adj. __________________。例句：If I can be successful, you can. ______________________

22. difficult adj. ___________________________
    【例句】It’s been difficult trying to live up to the expectations that were set by my brother.
    【翻译】_____________________________________________
    【解析】在作文中可以运用的句型“___________________________.”(对某人来说做某事很困难)，例句：It’s difficult for me to learn physics well.( ___________________________。)

difficulty n. _________。例句：Do you have any difficulties in your study? __________________________？

23. express  vt. __________________

adj. 明确的；迅速的；专门的

n. __________________
【例句】He expressed that he was grateful to me.
【翻译】___________________________。
【解析】相关词链接：
expression n. ___________________________。例如：facial expression  _________
 

24. inspire vt. ___________________________
    【例句】My brother and I have inspired each other to do the best we can.
    【翻译】___________________________
    【解析】相关词链接：
    inspiration  n. ___________________________。例句：Where I go for inspiration: nature. __________________
     
25. argument n. ___________________________
    【例句】They’ve also learned to deal with arguments and how to solve them.
    【翻译】____________________________________
    【解析】相关词链接：
    argue vi. __________________  vt. __________________。 例句：I never argue with others. __________________
     
26. unnecessary adj. ___________________________
    【例句】Are we filling our time with unnecessary things？
    【翻译】____________________________________
    【解析】相关词链接：
    necessary adj. ___________________________
    necessity n. _____________ 例句：What are the basic necessities of life? ___________________________？
     

27. represent vt. ____________________________________
【例句】It represents your freedom to focus on the things in life that really matter.
【翻译】_____________________________________________
【解析】相近词辨析：
  present  vt. ___________________________ 例句：This is what I present you in this article. __________________
          adj. __________________ 例句：The future is all I have at present ___________________________。

n. ___________________ 例句：Which present do you like? __________________？

28. realize vt.  _____________________________________________
【例句】I realized this was exactly what Christopher wanted——friends who could accept him and love him for who he was.
【翻译】_____________________________________________
【解析】相关词链接：

realization n. __________________ 例句：Let's pull together for the early realization of four modernizations.让我们团结在一起为早日实现四个现代化而努力。

29. achievement n. ____________________________________
【例句】In his view, homework has a positive effect on achievement.
【翻译】____________________________________。
【解析】相关词链接：

achieve vt. ___________________________。例句：Together we can each achieve what we can not alone. _____________________________________________。