初中英语中考复习 专题11 非谓语动词 - 解析版
展开专题11非谓语动词
2016年
1. 【2016湖北黄石】 Mount Xiaolei is not far away from here, but it will still take us a few hours ______ there by bike.
A. getting B. to get C. got D. get
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析:句意:小雷山离这儿不远,但是骑车还是要花我们几小时到那儿。做某事花某人多长时间的结构是:It takes sb. some time to do sth,即:前用it作形式主语,后用带to的不定式作真实的主语。故选B。
考点:考查非谓语动词辨析。
2. 【2016山东济宁】The show was so funny that it made everyone ______ again and again.
A. laugh B. laughed C. laughing D. to laugh
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析:句意:这节目太好笑了,它使每个人都连连大笑。make sb do sth让某人做某事。所以选A。
考点:考查非谓语动词。
3. 【2016重庆】hould ask Bob ________ his own clothes. He is ten years old now.
A. wash B. washes C. washing D. to wash
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析:句意:你应该要求鲍勃洗自己的衣服。他现在已经十岁了。ask sb to do sth要求某人做某事,所以选D。
考点:考查非谓语动词。
4. 【2016湖北襄阳】---I think you should stop ______ him in English.
---I see. He can’t understand English at all. Let me try in French.
A. talking to B. to talk to C. talk to D. to talking to
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析:句意:-我觉得你应该停止和他用英语交谈。-我明白。他一点也不懂英语。让我尝试用法语吧。Stop doing sth停止正在做的事;stop to do sth停下来去做某事。所以选A。
考点:考查非谓语动词。
5. 【2016江西】Bruce practices ________ basketball every day so that he can be a better player.
A.play B. to play C. playing
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析:句意:Bruce每天练习打篮球以便他能成为一位更好的运动员。practice+doing sth练习做某事。故选C。
考点:考查非谓语动词的用法。
6. 【题文】Taiji is my favorite and I often play it ______ healthy.[来源:Zxxk.Com]
A. to keep B. keeps C. keeping D. kept
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析:句意:太极拳是我是最爱,为了保持我经常打太极拳。这里考查的是非谓语动词,用动词不定式来表示目的。故选A。
考点:考查非谓语动词的用法。
7.【山东青岛】We have worked so long. Shall we stop ______ a rest?
A. have B. to having C. having D. to have
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析:句意:我们已经工作了很长时间。我们停下来休息休息吗?stop doing sth停止做某事;stop to do sth停下来去做某事。所以选D。
考点:考查非谓语动词。
8.【2016湖北孝感】When you are tired, ________ in the countryside is a wonderful experience.
A. relaxing B. relaxed C. relax D. relaxes
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析:句意:当你累的时候,在农村放松是一个奇妙的体验。所填动词在句中作主语,该用动名词形式,所以选A。
考点:考查非谓语动词。
2017年
1.【2017年上海中考】Vivian refuses ______ her children to the weekend training centre for extra classes.
A. to send B. sending C. sent D. sends
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析:句意:Vivian拒绝把她的孩子送到周末补习班去补课。refuse拒绝,后接名词、代词和动词不定式。refuse to do sth.意为拒绝做某事。A. to send动词不定式;B. sending动名词形式;C. sent是send的过去式;D. sends是三单形式。故选A。
考点:考查动词不定式。
2.【2017年上海中考】The workers are busy _______ windows to the new building these days.
A. fix B. fixed C. fixing D. to fix
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析:句意:工人们最近忙着给新大楼安装窗户。be busy doing sth.忙于做某事,是个固定短语,busy后接动名词形式。故选C。
考点:考查动名词。
3.【2017年苏州市中考】—Jack, why have you decided Chinese folk music as a course.
—To learn more about Chinese culture.
A. take B. taken C. taking D. to take
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析:句意:杰克,你为什么决定把中国民乐作为一门课程呢?为了更多地了解中国文化。decided to do决定做某事,故选D。
考点:考查动词不定式。
4.【2017年湖北省宜昌市中考】–You’d better advise him ______ anything out of the window while driving.
--I will. He has to know it’s dangerous.
A. not throwing B. no throwing C. not to throw D. don’t throw
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析:句意:——你最好劝他开车时不要向车窗外乱扔东西。——我会的。他必须知道这很危险。advise,建议、劝告,后面可以接动词不定式,即 advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事;其否定式是在动词不定式符号to的前面加not,也就是advise sb. not to do sth.劝告某人不要做某事。故选C。
考点:考查动词不定式的用法。
5.【2017年江苏省宿迁市中考】The girl students are discussing ______ the walls in the classroom.
A. what to paint color B. to paint what color C. which color to paint D. to paint which color
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析:句意:女同学正在讨论用什么颜色的漆来粉刷教室的墙壁。题目空白处后接the walls是表物名词,所以需要填一个动词组成动宾结构,选项A、B、D都可排除,结合句意,故选C。
考点:考查动词不定式。
6.【2017年江苏省宿迁市中考】The girl students are discussing ______ the walls in the classroom.
A. what to paint color B. to paint what color C. which color to paint D. to paint which color
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析:句意:女同学正在讨论用什么颜色的漆来粉刷教室的墙壁。题目空白处后接the walls是表物名词,所以需要填一个动词组成动宾结构,选项A、B、D都可排除,结合句意,故选C。
考点:考查动词不定式。
7.【2017年四川省宜宾市中考】The child is crying. Please do something to make him _______.
A. stop to cry B. stop crying C. to stop crying
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析:句意:那个孩子正在哭。请做点什么事情以使他停止哭。make sb do sth,使某人做某事;stop doing sth,停止做某事,指停止正在做的事情;stop to do sth,停下来做某事,指停止正在做的事情去做另一件事。根据句意,可知这里指停止正在做的动作;哭。故选B。
考点:考查非谓语动词的用法。
8.【2017年云南省昆明市中考】Nowadays, it’s convenient and cheap for us ___a shared-bicycle.
A. ride B. to ride C. flying D. to fly
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析:句意:现在对于我们来说骑共享自行车是又方便又便宜。这里是句式:it is+形容词+for+sb to do sth对于某人来说做某事是怎样的。 ride a shared-bicycle骑共享自行车.故选B。
考点:考查动词不定式。
2018年
1. 【2018年内蒙古包头市中考】As we all know, a person learns many things by making mistakes and ________ them.
A. corrects
B. correct
C. to correct
D. correcting
【答案】D
【解析】句意:我们都知道,一个人通过犯错误和改正错误可以学到很多东西。考查动名词。And连接两个并列的成分,由前面的making可知此处形式应与其一致,即doing形式;结合选项,可知D选项符合题意,故答案选D。
点睛:介词by意为“通过…,凭…”,后面常接动名词,形成“by+v.-ing”结构,表示通过做某事而得到某种结果;本题中by后面有两个宾语,一个是making mistakes,另外一个是correcting them,and连接两个并列宾语,故答案选D。
2.【2018年四川成都市】 I got up early this morning my grandma at the airport.
A. to pick up B. picking up C. picked up
【答案】A
【解析】句意:今天早上起床早为了在机场接我的奶奶。短语pick up表示接某人;这里是动词不定式表示目的。根据题意,故选A。
点睛:to do … 这种结构形式可置于句首(为了强调目的时,通常把动词不定式放在句首)或句尾,通常不必用逗号隔开。在句首时通常译为:为了……;在句尾时通常译为:以便……,为了……,来……。如: I sat in the front of the bus to get a good view of the countryside.
3.【2018年四川省乐山市】 –Julia, your mobile phone is ringing.
–Wait a minute. It’s dangerous ______ it while crossing the street.
A. answering
B. answer
C. to answer
【答案】C
4.【2018年天津市】Harry invited me_______ with him when his parents were out of town.
A. stay B. staved C. staying D. to stay
【答案】D
【解析】句意:Harry 邀请我在他爸妈不在镇上的时候去陪他待着。本题考查动词的时态。A. stay 原型; B. staved过去式; C. staying 现在分词; D. to stay动词不定式。
Invite sb to do sth邀请某人做某事,故选D to stay。
5.【2018年云南省】Our parents won't allow us _____ in the river alone.
A. swim
B. to swim
C. swimming
D. swam
【答案】B
【解析】句意:我们的父母不允许我们单独去河里游泳。A. swim动词原形;B. to swim动词不定式;C. swimming分词形式;D. swam过去式。Allow sb to do sth允许某人做某事。故答案选B。
点睛:接动词不定式作宾语补足语的常见动词:advise. 建议;allow 允许;ask 请(叫);encourage.鼓励;expect 期望;help. 帮助;invite. 邀请; like 喜欢;need需要;order命令;prefer. 宁愿teach .教;tell 告诉;want. 想;warn. 警告;wish希望等。
2019年
1.【2019 • 河南省中考】—Do you always get up so early?
—Yes, _________ the first bus. My home is far away from school.
A. catch B. to catch C. catching D. caught
【答案】B
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:——你总是起床这么早吗? ——是的,为了赶上早班车。我家离学校很远。动词不定式表示目的,故选B。
2. 【2019 • 黑龙江省哈尔滨市】Kids like reading stories which can make them _________.
A. laugh B. to laugh C. laughing
【答案】A
【解析】句意:孩子们喜欢读故事,故事可以使他们开怀大笑。短语make sb./sth. do sth.意为"使……做某事",故动词用原形。
3.【2019 • 湖南省湘西州】—John, remember _________ off the lights when you leave the classroom.
—No problem!
A. turn B. turned C. to turn
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——John,记得离开教室的时候关灯。——没问题。remember to do sth. 记得去做某事(还未做);remember doing sth. 记得做过某事(已做)。结合语境,记得关灯,还未做,故用remember to do sth.,故选C。
4. 【2019 • 湖南省湘西州】—How do you practice your spoken English, Andrew?
—By _________ English with my classmates.
A. to speak B. speaking C. speak
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——安德鲁,你怎么练习英语口语?——通过和我的同学讲英语。by是一个介词,后面跟动名词形式。故选B。
5. 【2019 • 湖南省岳阳市】People enjoy _________ zongzi on the Dragon Boat Festival.
A. eat B. eating C. to eat
【答案】B
【解析】句意:端午节人们喜欢吃粽子。 enjoy doing sth.表示喜欢做某事。故选B。
6. 【2019 • 江苏省南京市】—Do you have any plans for the holiday?
—Yes, I’m planning to travel to Jiuzhaigou. I’m looking forward to _________ the colourful lakes and amazing waterfalls.
A. see B. seeing C. sees D. saw
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——你有什么假期计划吗?——是的,我计划去九寨沟旅游。我期待着看到色彩斑斓的湖泊和宁静的瀑布。look forward to doing期待做某事。故选B。
7. 【2019 • 四川省凉山州】—Is it necessary _________ us _________ some photos before saving the old man?
—Yes, it is. We can protect ourselves if we do so.
A. of; taking B. for; taking C. of; to take D. for; to take
【答案】
【解答】句意:——在救那个老人之前,我们有必要拍些照片吗?——是的,它是。如果我们这样做,我们可以保护自己。for"为、对";of"……的、由……组成的",二者都是介词;take "获得、拿"是动词原形,它的不定式是 to take,它的动名词或现在分词是 taking. 因take some photos"拍一些照片",It’s +adj. for /of sb. to do sth "对某人来说做某事……样",用of sb. adj.用来形容sb.的. 即形容词是描述不定式行为者的性格、品质的,如kind,good,nice,right,wrong,clever,careless,polite,foolish等,用for sb.,是因为前面的adj是来描述do后面的sth. 即形容词仅仅是描述事物,不是对不定式行为者的品格进行评价,用for sb. ,这类形容词有difficult,easy,hard,important,dangerous,(im)possible等。由题干"——在救那个老人之前,我们有必要拍些照片吗?——是的,它是。如果我们这样做,我们可以保护自己。"可知,第一个空格用for,第二个空格用to take,因此答案应是for;to take。故选D。
8. 【2019 • 四川省自贡市】—My uncle is against wasting anything.
—No wonder he would rather _________ the old bike than _________ a new one.
A. repair; to buy B. to repair; buy C. repair; buy
【答案】C
【解析】句意:难怪他宁愿修理旧自行车也不愿买新自行车。would rather do sth than do sth表示宁愿做某事而不愿做某事。故选C。
9. 【2019 • 天津市中考】The government is setting up nature parks _________ protect pandas.
A. to help B. help C. helped D. helps
【答案】A
【解答】句意:政府正在建立自然公园来帮助保护熊猫。根据该空处在句中作目的状语,故填入动词不定式在句中作目的状语,故填入to help。故选A。
10. 【2019 • 贵州省安顺市】—What time do you get up in the morning on school days?
—I get up at 7:00 every morning to avoid _________ the early bus.
A. miss B. missed C. missing D. to miss
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词短语。句意:——你上学的时候早上几点起床?——我每天早上7点起床以避免错过早班车。短语avoid doing sth.:避免做某事,avoid是及物动词;结合句意可知missing;故选C。
11. 【2019 • 贵州省安顺市】—Mr. Wang, please speak loudly in the hall to make yourself _________ while _________ are there.
—Fine, thanks for telling me about that.
A. understood; others B. understand; other
C. understand; others D. understanding; other
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——王老师,当其他人在那里时,请在大厅里大声说话,让大家明白。——好的,谢谢你告诉我。考查分词作宾语补足语和不定代词。1.make sth/sb done表示被动,使某人或某事被做,说明"sth/sb"与done是被动关系;2. make sb/sth do:让某人做某事,表示主动。3.other:其他的,形容词,放在名词前,做定语;others:其他的,代词,在句子中作主语或宾语。第一句意思是"使自己被别人理解",可知填过去分词understood,在while引导的从句中本词作主语,可知填代词others;故选A。
12. 【2019 • 四川省成都市】Smart phones _________ by Huawei are getting more and more popular around the world.
A. made B. making C. to make
【答案】A
【解析】句意:华为生产的智能手机在全球越来越受欢迎。本题的题干是简单句,分析句子成分并结合选项可知,空格处应用非谓语动词。A. made过去分词、过去式;B. making现在分词;C. to make动词不定式。make与主语是被动关系,需用过去分词形式;故选A。
13. 【2019 • 甘肃省天水市】Hong Kong Disneyland is well worth _________.
A. to visit B. visited C. visit D. visiting
【答案】D
【解析】根据句意:香港迪士尼乐园值得参观。考查句型be worth doing值得做某事。故选D。
14. 【2019 • 广西省柳州市】Lily enjoys _________ a film at the weekend
A. see B. to see C. seeing
【答案】C
【解析】句意:莉莉喜欢周末看电影。enjoy doing sth.表示喜欢做某事。故选C。
15. 【2019 • 广西省柳州市】He ran as fast as he could _________ the bus but he failed.
A. catch B. to catch C. caught
【答案】B
【解析】句意:他尽可能快地跑去赶公共汽车,但失败了。此处考查动词不定式to catch the bus在此作目的状语。故选B。
16. 【2019 • 贵州省黔南黔西南黔东南三州】—Look! The light in your bedroom is still on.
—Sorry, I forgot _________.
A. to tum it off B. to turn it down
C. to turn it up D. to turn it on
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——看!你卧室的灯还亮着。——对不起,我忘记关了。forget to do sth.表示忘记做某事,turn off表示关上。故选A。
17. 【2019 • 吉林省中考】Michael visits many websites _________ about Chinese culture.
A. learn B. learned C. to lean
【答案】C
【解析】句意:迈克尔访问了许多网站去学习中国文化。此处考查动词不定式表目的。故选C。
18. 【2019四川省广元市】My teacher doesn’t allow us _________ in the classroom.
A. eating B. to eat C. ate
【答案】B
【解析】句意:我的老师不允许我们在教室里吃饭。allow sb. to do sth.表示允许某人做某事。故选B。
19. 【2019 • 黑龙江省大庆市】—Would you like _________ a film with us tonight?
—Sorry, I have to help my mother do housework.
A. see B. to see C. seeing D. to seeing
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——你今晚想和我们一起看电影吗?——对不起,我得帮妈妈做家务。A. see动词原形;B. to see动词不定式;C. seeing分词或动名词;D. to seeing表达错误。would like to do sth.想做某事。故选B。
2020年
1.【2020 •贵州省安顺市】With the improvement in transportation, students in some small villages no longer go on ropeways ______ rivers to schools.
A. to cross B. crossing C. crossed
【答案】A
【解析】句意:随着交通的改善,一些小村庄的学生不再走索道过河上学。考查非谓语动词。to cross动词不定式形式;crossing动名词形式;crossed动词过去分词形式。根据空前的go on ropeways结合选项动词cross可知,此处是动词不定式表目的状语,走索道过河上学go on ropeways to cross rivers to schools符合句意。故选A。
31. 【2020 •贵州铜仁市】—Look! Kangkang, that old man is crossing the crosswalk.
—Jane, let’s________ him.
A. helps B. to help C. helping D. help
【答案】D
【解析】句意:——康康快看! 那个老人正在过马路。——简,让我们去帮他。考查非谓语动词。helps帮助,第三人称单数;to help不定式;helping动名词;help动词原形。根据“让某人做某事let sb do sth.”,故选D。
13. 【2020 •黑龙江省龙东地区】We should do what we can ________ those people when they are in trouble.
A. to help B. helped C. help
【答案】A
【解析】句意:当人们有困难的时候,我们应该尽我们所能去帮助他们。考查非谓语动词。to help动词不定式;helped动词的过去式或过去分词;help动词原形。根据题干可知此处用do what one can to do sth.表示“竭尽全力做某事”,此处用动词不定式to help作目的状语。故选A。
4. 【2020 •江苏省苏州市】The doctors and nurses managed _________ the lives of patients, though they didn’t have enough medicine.
A. save B. saving C. to save D. to saving
【答案】C
【解析】句意:尽管医生和护士没有足够的药,他们还是设法挽救了病人的生命。考查非谓语动词。save挽救。save动词原形;saving动名词或动词的现在分词;to save动词不定式;to saving介词to+动名词。根据题干中“managed”可知此处用manage to do sth.表示“设法做成某事”,用不定式to save作宾语。故选C。
2. 【2020 •四川省成都市】—Why do many farmers put their products online these days?
—________them more easily.
A. To sell B. Sell C. Selling
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——为什么现在很多农民把他们的产品放到网上?——为了更方便的卖。考查非谓语动词。To sell动词不定式;Sell动词原形;Selling动名词/现在分词形式。分析句意可知,前文询问原因,所以此处表示“为了更方便的卖”,可用动词不定式表目的。故选A。
9. 【2020 •四川达州市】Our government tries to do everything they can _________ people live a better life.
A. to help B. help C. helping D. helped
【答案】A
【解析】句意:我们的政府试着尽力帮助人们过上更好的生活。考查非谓语动词。A. to help动词不定式;B. help动词原形;C. helping动名词或现在分词;D. helped过去式或过去分词。根据句子结构可知,Our government tries to do everything (they can) _________ people live a better life中they can做后置定语修饰everything,不影响空格处动词help的形式,故空格处应填入动词不定式作目的状语,故选A。
10. 【2020 •四川达州市】— Clara, you have ______ Journey to the West for two weeks.
— Sorry, I wanted to give it back but was made _________ Dazhou on business last week.
A. borrowed; to leave B. kept; to leave C. kept; leave D. borrowed; leave
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——克拉拉,《西游记》这本书你已经借了两个星期了。——对不起,我想把它还给你,但上周我被迫离开达州去出差了 。考查动词辨析和非谓语动词。borrow借入,瞬间性动作,keep保存,保留,持续性动作。由时间段for two weeks“两周”,可知用持续性动词,keep的过去分词为kept,故排除A和D。动词短语make sb. do sth.接不带to的不定式做宾补,变为被动语态是要加上to,即be made to do,所以第二个空用to leave,故选B。
6. 【2020 •甘孜州】He felt tired, so he stopped _____________ a rest under the tree.
A. having B. have C. to have
【答案】C
【解析】句意:他感到累了,所以他停下来在树下休息。考查非谓语动词。stop doing sth.停止做某事;stop to do sth.停下来去做某事。根据题干中“He felt tired”可知是停下来去休息,用to have符合题意。故选C。
8. 【2020 •甘孜州】The singer was often seen to practice ____________ songs near the woods three years ago.
A. sing B. singing C. to sing
【答案】B
【解析】句意:三年前这个歌手经常被看到在树林附近练习唱歌。考查动名词。sing动词原形;singing动名词;to sing动词不定式。此处表达“练习做某事”用practice doing,此处用动名词singing作宾语。故选B。
6. 【2020 •重庆市】They hope ________the basketball match.
A. win B. won C. to win D. winning
【答案】C
【解析】句意:他们希望赢这场篮球比赛。考查非谓语动词。win赢,动词原形;won是win的过去式或过去分词形式;to win动词不定式;winning动名词或现在分词形式。句中谓语动词是hope,意为“希望”,常用于句型hope to do sth.“希望去做某事”,因此这里应用动词不定式。故选C。
9. 【2020 •重庆市B卷】We’d better follow the seven-step hand-washing method __________ healthy.
A. to keep B. keep C. keeping D. keeps
【答案】A
【解析】句意:为了保持健康,我们最好遵循七步洗手法。考查非谓语动词。to keep动词不定式;keep动词原形;keeping动名词;keeps动词三单。分析句子可知,此处表示目的,用于句中作目的状语,所以使用动词不定式形式。故选A。
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