初中英语中考复习 专题12-时态（一）-2023年中考英语知识清单（通用版）（原卷版）

这是一份初中英语中考复习 专题12-时态（一）-2023年中考英语知识清单（通用版）（原卷版），共12页。
2023年中考英语知识清单（通用版）
目录
TOC \ "1-3" \h \z \u \l "_Tc113218783" 考情分析： PAGEREF _Tc113218783 \h 1
\l "_Tc113218784" 1.一般现在时 PAGEREF _Tc113218784 \h 1
\l "_Tc113218785" 2. 一般过去时 PAGEREF _Tc113218785 \h 2
\l "_Tc113218786" 3. 一般将来时 PAGEREF _Tc113218786 \h 4
\l "_Tc113218787" 4. 现在进行时 PAGEREF _Tc113218787 \h 5
\l "_Tc113218788" 5.牛刀小试 PAGEREF _Tc113218788 \h 6
考情分析：
英语的动词的时态共有十六种，但是中考常考的主要有八种，一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、现在完成时、过去进行时、过去将来时，过去完成时等时态的构成和用法。本节先讲述一下一般现在时，一般过去时、一般将来时和现在进行时。
1.一般现在时
一般现在时的构成：
一般现在时主要用动词原形表示，如果主语是第三人称单数，一般在动词原形后加-s或-es。
如：
I have breakfast at 7 every mrning.
我每天早晨7点吃早餐。
He ges swimming n Sundays.
每周日他都去游泳。
一般现在时的用法：
（1）表示经常发生的动作或者经常存在的状态。经常和表示时间的状语ften，always，usually，smetimes，every day等连用。
如：
My sister usually ges t schl n ft.
我姐姐经常步行去上学。
We ften cme t schl at six in the mrning.
我们经常在早上六点到学校。
（2）表示某种习惯或者能力，也可以表示职业、特征等。
如：
My mther ften gets up very early in the mrning.
我的妈妈经常在早上起床很早。
This kind f car runs very fast.
这种小汽车跑得非常快。
（3）表示客观事实、客观规律或者客观真理。
如：
This kind f trees never grws in the desert.
这种树从来不在沙漠里生长。
D yu knw that knwledge is pwer?
你知道知识就是力量吗？
（4）在时间、条件、让步等状语从句中，表示将来的动作。
如：
They’ll be s happy when I tell them.
我告诉他们时，他们会很高兴的。
If yu aren’t here n time tmrrw, I’ll write t yur parents.
如果你明天不准时到，我就给你父母亲写信。
注意：
（1）一般现在时的第三人称单数：在一般现在时中，如果句子的主语是第三人称单数形式，谓语动词用其第三人称单数形式。
如：
My father ften watches TV after dinner at hme.
我的爸爸经常在晚饭后在家看电视。
（2）一般现在时的谓语如果是实义动词，其否定句和一般疑问句要用助动词d，如果主语是第三人称单数时，要用des，desn’t来构成。
如：
My little brther desn’t d his hmewrk at schl.
我的小弟弟不在学校做家庭作业。
2.一般过去时
一般过去时的构成：
一般过去时用动词的过去式表示。
如：
Last week Tm made a mdel plane with his friend Jack.
上周汤姆和他的朋友杰克做了一个飞机模型。
Tm was at hme yesterday.
汤姆昨天在家。
一般过去时的用法：
（1）表示过去经常发生的动作或者过去经常存在的状态。常与表示过去的时间状语yesterday，just nw，a mment ag，last week/ year/ night，in 1985，in thse days等连用。
如：
They went t cllege last year.
他们是去年上大学。
We had a gd time in the park yesterday.
我们昨天在公园玩得很高兴。
（2）表示过去接连发生的一系列动作。
如：
We played ftball first，then went bating and fishing,，and at last had a picnic there.
我们先踢足球，然后去划船、钓鱼。最后我们在那里野餐。
注意：
（1）表示过去经常或反复的动作，而现在却不这样做了，也可以用used t +动词原形来表示。
如：
I used t get up very late.
我过去总是起床很晚。
（2）如果主句的谓语动词是现在完成时，since引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时。
如：
We have made a lt f friends since we came here.
自从我们来到这里以来已经交了很多的朋友。
（3）谈论某人的出生日期经常用一般过去时。
如：
—When were yu brn?
你是什么时候出生的？
—I was brn in 1983.
我出生于1983年。
3.一般将来时
一般将来时的构成：
（1） will/shall＋动词原形, 其中shall常用于第一人称的疑问句。
（2）be ging t＋动词原形。
如：
What are yu ging t d next Sunday？
下周日你打算做什么？
I’ll cme and help yu tmrrw.
我明天来帮助你。
Shall we g t the z?
我们去动物园好吗？
一般将来时的用法：
表示将来发生的动作或者存在的状态。常和表示将来的时间状语，如tmrrw，next week/ year/ mnth，this afternn/ evening，tnight，in a few days，when he cmes等连用。
如：
He will g t Beijing and see his father next week.
他下个星期打算去北京看他的爸爸。
注意：
（1）will 用来表示有礼貌地询问对方是否愿意或表示客气的邀请或命令时。
如：
Will yu please lend me yur bike?
请你把你的自行车借我用一下好吗？
（2）shall一般和第一人称的代词连用构成，shall I或者shall we的一般疑问句，用来询问对方的意图和愿望，征求别人同意等。助动词shall引起的一般疑问句征求别人同意时，回答不能用Yes, yu shall或者N, yu shall nt，应该用Yes, please d.或者N, please dn’t.
如：
—Shall I clse the windw?
我把窗户关上好吗？
—N, please dn’t.
不，别关。
（3）be ging t+动词原形，常用来表示已经决定或安排要做的事，也用于表示必然或很可能发生的事。
如：
They are ging t finish the wrk this evening.
他们打算今天晚上完成这项工作。
It’s ging t snw.
要下雪了。
（4）对于动词g，cme，start，mve，sail，leave，arrive，stay，live, fly等可用进行时态表示按计划即将发生的动作（行进时动词）。
如：
I'm leaving fr Beijing.
我要去北京。
4.现在进行时
1. 现在进行时的构成：
主语+be+v-ing〔现在分词〕:
I am+v-ing；
Yu/They/We are+v-ing;
He/ She/It is+v-ing
2.现在进行时的用法：
（1）表示此时此刻正在发生的动作，经常与时间状语nw，at present，at this time/ mment等连用。
如：
The bys are playing ftball ver there nw.
这些男孩子们正在那边踢足球。
My father is watching TV with my mther nw.
我的爸爸正在和妈妈一起看电视。
（2）表示现阶段正在进行着的动作，但不一定在说话时正在进行。经常与nw，these days等时间状语连用。
如：
I am learning French in Beijing these days.
这些天我正在北京学法语。
（3）一些瞬间动词的现在进行时可以表示一般将来时的意义。表示“即将……”，常伴有表示将来的时间状语。常用的这类动词有cme，leave，g，arrive，die等。
如：
Hurry up! The bus is cming.
快点！公共汽车马上就要开了。
He is cming back tmrrw.
他明天会回来。
5.牛刀小试
1．（2022·吉林长春·中考真题）There ________ a sign n the wall. It says yu mustn’t smke here.
A．isB．areC．wasD．were
2．（2022·贵州铜仁·中考真题）—Using public chpsticks ______ necessary when eating with thers.
—That’s right.
A．isB．areC．wasD．were
3．（2022·湖北湖北·中考真题）He ________ newspapers at 8:00 every evening.
A．readsB．is readingC．was readingD．has read
4．（2022·湖北武汉·中考真题）—I dn’t think sixteen-year-lds shuld be allwed t drive.
—I ________. It’s nt safe.
A．agreeB．agreedC．will agreeD．had agreed
5．（2022·江苏扬州·中考真题）Xia Sen ________ a simple life and saves her mney fr dnatins.
A．livesB．livedC．was livingD．will live
6．（2021·四川资阳·中考真题）It’s reprted that the students in sme schls f ur city ________ a PE class every day.
A．takesB．takeC．tkD．are taking
7．（2022·贵州铜仁·中考真题）—Yur sn’s dream will cme true as lng as ______.
—I hpe s.
A．he will study hardB．she will study hard
C．he studies hardD．she studies hard
8．（2022·黑龙江·中考真题）—I dn’t knw when Susan ________.
—Dn’t wrry. When she ________, I will tell yu.
A．cmes; will cmeB．will cme; cmesC．cme; cmes
9．（2022·湖南郴州·中考真题）— The sng Tgether fr a Shared Future is very ppular nw.
— That’s fr sure! Bth the yung and the ld ________ it.
A．likesB．likeC．liked
10．（2022·辽宁丹东·中考真题）— Mingming, where is yur brther?
— Lk! He _______ n the playgrund.
A．runsB．is runningC．was runningD．ran
11．（2022·湖南湘西·中考真题）—What are yu ding?
—I ________ the bk The Old Man and Sea.
A．am readingB．was readingC．read
12．（2022·湖南株洲·中考真题）Listen! They ________ sngs fr the 100 birthday f the CCYL（中国共青团） .
A．are singingB．sangC．will sing
13．（2022·广西梧州·中考真题）—Ww! The music sunds wnderful!
—Yes. Jessie ________ the vilin in the next rm.
A．playsB．played
C．is playingD．was playing
14．（2022·湖南邵阳·中考真题）— Where’s Anna, dear?
— She ________ an nline class in her rm.
A．is takingB．takesC．will take
15．（2022·山东菏泽·中考真题）—Nanjing Rad is very crwded these days.
—The wrkers ________ it. It is said that it ________ sn.
A．repair；finishesB．have repaired；will finish
C．are repairing；will be finished
16．（2022·北京·中考真题）The wrkers _________ the cmmunity center nw.
A．cleanedB．were cleaningC．will cleanD．are cleaning
17．（2022·内蒙古包头·中考真题）—Yu lk pretty busy. What’s up?
—We ________ fr an ffice party this Friday evening. There will be abut thirty peple, and I am the rganizer.
A．prepareB．have preparedC．are preparingD．were preparing
18．（2022·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）Hlly prefers playing the pian t ________ the vilin. Listen! She ________ the pian in her rm.
A．play; is playingB．playing; playsC．playing; is playing
19．（2022·江苏泰州·中考真题）COVID-19(新冠肺炎) ________ the wrld, and many peple’s life changes a lt.
A．influencedB．is influencingC．is influencedD．was influenced
20．（2022·辽宁辽宁·中考真题）—Why is Kate absent frm class?
—Oh, she ________ the meeting.
A．was attendingB．attendedC．is attendingD．attends
21．（2022·湖北湖北·中考真题）—Hell! May I speak t Kate?
—Srry, she isn’t in. She ________ ping-png utside.
A．is playingB．playsC．playedD．will play
22．（2022·云南昆明·中考真题）—China’s high-speed railway technlgy ________ the wrld nw.
—That’s true. It has develped rapidly ver the past years.
A．ledB．was leadingC．is leadingD．will lead
23．（2022·甘肃定西·中考真题）We ________ a meeting. Cme and jin in.
A．were havingB．are havingC．hadD．have been
24．（2022·江西·中考真题）—Sssh! Be quiet. I’m n the phne.
—Wh ________ yu ________ t, mm?
A．d, speakB．are, speakingC．will, speakD．have, spken
25．（2022·湖北黄石·中考真题）David has wrked here fr 10 years since he ________ frm university.
A．graduatesB．graduatedC．has graduatedD．will graduate
26．（2022·辽宁丹东·中考真题）— Wh lcked the dr yesterday?
— ________.
A．I dB．I willC．I didD．I can
27．（2022·湖南益阳·中考真题）—Yu lk tired. I wnder ________ last night.
—I didn’t g t bed until eleven fr preparing a reprt.
A．when yu g t bedB．when yu went t bedC．when did yu g t bed
28．（2022·湖南湘西·中考真题）It nly takes us tw hurs t g frm Jishu t Changsha by train when Zhang-Ji-Huai high-speed railway ________ in December last year.
A．pensB．penedC．will pen
29．（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）WangYaping, the female（女性的）Chinese space walker, ________ her first space walk in Nvember, 2021.
A．has begunB．beginsC．began
30．（2022·江苏徐州·中考真题）—Daniel has gne t Beijing n business.
—Oh, I didn’t knw. When ________?
A．has he leftB．was he leavingC．did he leaveD．will he leave
31．（2022·吉林·中考真题）—Helen, why didn’t yu cme t the party yesterday?
—Oh, I ________ fr the speech cmpetitin.
A．preparesB．preparedC．will prepare
32．（2022·黑龙江黑龙江·中考真题）—Mike is frm America but speaks perfect Chinese.
—S he des. He has learned Chinese by himself since he ________ cllege.
A．is attendingB．has attendedC．attended
33．（2022·湖北湖北·中考真题）Li Lei ________ the schl bus last Friday.
A．missesB．missedC．was missingD．has missed
34．（2022·四川达州·中考真题）— Bruce ________ s much in the past tw years.
— Yeah, he ________ be shy, but nw he is cnfident and active.
A．has changed; used tB．changed; is used t
C．changed; used tD．has changed; is used t
35．（2022·四川泸州·中考真题）—Lily, a cncert is being held in ur schl fr the birthday f the Cmmunist Yuth League f China (GYLC).
—I knw. It has been 100 years since CYLC ________.
A．brnB．was brnC．is brnD．has brn
36．（2022·辽宁阜新·中考真题）China ________ nine gld medals at the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics.
A．winsB．is winningC．wnD．will win
37．（2021·贵州黔西·中考真题）—Yu seem t knw much abut the Palace Museum in Beijing.
—That’s true. I ________ it last year.
A．visitedB．are visitingC．have visitedD．will visit
38．（2022·湖北黄石·中考真题）There ________ a vlleyball game next Saturday. If it ________ we’ll have t put it ff.
A．is ging t be; rainsB．is ging t be; will rain
C．is ging t have; will rainD．is ging t have; rains
39．（2022·辽宁丹东·中考真题）Next year, _______ a new rad leading t the village.
A．there isB．there areC．there will beD．there was
40．（2022·辽宁大连·中考真题）—What’s yur plan fr the weekend, Helen?
—I ________my grandparents.
A．visitB．visitedC．have visitedD．am ging t visit
41．（2022·广西玉林·中考真题）— As far as I knw, there _____ a high-speed train frm Yulin t Shenzhen in 2023.
— Yeah! It will be mre cnvenient fr the peple in Yulin.
A．will beB．hasC．isD．will have
42．（2022·广西·中考真题）I dn’t knw if it _________ tmrrw, but if it _________, I’ll stay at hme.
A．will rain; rainsB．will rain; will rainC．rains; will rainD．rains; rains
43．（2022·广西贵港·中考真题）—There ________ a talk by Zhng Nanshan in ur schl tmrrw afternn.
—Great! We can’t wait!
A．isB．wasC．will beD．will have
44．（2022·北京·中考真题）Dn’t lse heart. If yu keep wrking hard, yu _________ sme day.
A．will succeedB．succeedC．succeededD．have succeeded
45．（2022·河北·中考真题）Jhn is waiting fr me. We ________ t the bkstre tgether.
A．wentB．have gneC．will gD．were ging
46．（2022·天津·中考真题）We hpe ________ a cmputer n every student’s desk in the future.
A．there isB．there wasC．there will beD．there has been
47．（2022·云南·中考真题）Hw time flies! I ________ a senir high schl this September.
A．enterB．enteredC．will enterD．have entered
48．（2022·浙江温州·中考真题）—Lydia, have yu decided which city t travel t, Lndn r New Yrk?
—Nt yet. Maybe I ________ Lndn t meet my friends this time.
A．visitB．visitedC．will visitD．was visiting
49．（2022·江西·中考真题）Dn’t leave yur tys n the table, r I ________ them away.
A．threwB．will thrwC．have thrwnD．was thrwing
50．（2022·安徽·中考真题）—What are yu saving mney fr?
—Father’s Day is arund the crner. I ________ a gift fr my father.
A．am ging t buyB．have bughtC．bughtD．was buying