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初中英语中考复习 专题16 主从复合句-2022年中考英语二轮复习讲练测（解析版）
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这是一份初中英语中考复习 专题16 主从复合句-2022年中考英语二轮复习讲练测（解析版），共20页。
专题16
2022年中考英语第二轮复习讲练测
主从复合句
1.(2020 重庆) ---I’d like to know ______.
---Maybe in the forest.
A. whether we will go camping B. where we will go camping
C. whether will we go camping D. where will we go camping
1.【答案】B
【解析】由答句知道是询问“哪里”，同时考虑宾语从句结构，“引导词+陈述句”，保持时态一致，不可少。
2.（2020 河北）My cousin will drive me to school today, but I don't know______ .
A. what he'll do B. where he'll go
C. when we'll leave D. why we'll go there
【答案】C
【解析】前句的“to school” 排除“哪里”，询问“时间”恰当，同时考虑宾语从句结构。“引导词+陈述句”，保持时态一致，不可少。
3.（2020 黑龙江哈尔滨）---Could you tell me ______?
---There is nothing but some old model planes.
A. what's in the room
B. what can you see in the room
C. who in the room is
【答案】A
【解析】从答句知道，询问屋里有什么，B的意思对，但语法结构不对，它是疑问句形式。
4.（2020 河南长沙）Lura, someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see______, please.
A. who is he B. who it is C. who is it
【答案】B
【解析】有人在摁门铃，看看是谁。引导词用“who”，后跟陈述句形式。
5.（2020 江苏淮安）Our school basketball team will win the next match _____they practice more.
A. if B. before C. though D. while
【答案】A
【解析】赢得比赛的假设条件。
6.（2020 江苏南京）Jenny just wondered ______Angela already knew about the event.
A. how soon B. how many C. how often D. how much
【答案】D
【解析】从后半句“knew about the event”，询问知道的“程度”。
7.（2020 内蒙古包头）She says that she'll have to close the restaurant ______ business improves.
A. if B. after C. unless D. when
【答案】C
【解析】“除了……之外”，除了生意改善，否则就关掉餐厅。
8.（2020 安徽）---Could you tell me ______ we can start a conversation with a foreigner？
---Talking about weather is a good choice．
A how B. why C. where D. when
【答案】A
【解析】从答句知道，“如何”开始对话比较适合。
9.（2020 山东日照）My friend asked me ______this 5G mobile phone.
A. where I bought B. where did I buy
C. where I buy D. where do I buy
【答案】A
【解析】根据句子结构可知，此处为宾语从句，主句谓语动词asked 使用了一般过去时态，宾语从句中也应用一般过去时。
10.（2020 山东滨州）---What will you remember most after leaving junior high school?
---I will always remember ______.
A. how my friends and teachers used to help me
B. when did my friends and teachers arrive
C. where could my friends and teachers meet
D. what did the teachers say to me
【答案】A
【解析】其他三项都是疑问句形式，并非是“引导词+陈述句”。
11.（2021 无锡）---Any news about China’s space station? Do you know ________?
---At the end of 2022, I think.
A. when it will be in service B. where it will be sent up
C. when will it be in service D. where will it be sent up
【答案】A
【解析】根据“宾语从句要用陈述句语序”的原则，排除C/D选项；根据回答“At the end of 2022, I think.”可知，此处问的是时间，应用when引导，故选A。
12.（2021 盐城）---Jim is planning a trip to Shanghai this weekend, but still doesn’t decide________.
---Why not take the high-speed railway? It’s fast and comfortable.
A. who will he visit B. what he will do
C. how he’s going there D. whom is he going with
【答案】C
【解析】从句是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除A和D选项。根据答语“Why not take the high-speed railway”可知，是还没有决定出行的方式，用how引导宾语从句，故选C。
13.（2021 扬州）---By the way, could you tell us ________?
---From the Internet.
A. why are you interested in our company
B. why you are interested in our company
C. where did you hear about our company
D. where you heard about our company
【答案】D
【解析】此处是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除AC；根据答语“From the Internet.”可知，强调出处，故选D。
14.（2021 大连）---Daming, do you know ________?
---The strange shapes of its tall rocks.
A. how large Zhangjiajie is B. what is Zhangjiajie famous for
C. how large is Zhangjiajie D. what Zhangjiajie is famous for
【答案】D
【解析】根据“宾语从句要用陈述句语序”的原则，排除B/C选项；结合回答“The strange shapes of its tall rocks.”可知，此处问的是以什么闻名，应用what引导，故选D。
15.（2021 抚顺、本溪、辽阳）---Uncle Li, I wonder _______ in Beijing.
---The red autumn leaves of the Fragrant Hills（香山）are the most beautiful.
A. when I can eat Beijing Duck
B. what the weather is like
C.where I can enjoy the beautiful autumn
D. how I can get to the Great Wall
【答案】C
【解析】when I can eat Beijing Duck我什么时候能吃到北京烤鸭；what the weather is like天气怎么样；where I can enjoy the beautiful autumn在那里我可以享受美丽的秋天；how I can get to the Great Wall我怎么去长城。根据答语“The red autumn leaves of the Fragrant Hills（香山）are the most beautiful.”可知，应是想知道在哪里可以享受到北京美丽的秋天。故选C。
16.（2021 锦州）---Could you tell me _________?
---In two weeks.
A. when you go to the movies B. how often you take exercise
C. how soon he will come back D. how long it will take you to get home
【答案】C
【解析】根据答语“In two weeks”可知，应用how soon引导宾语从句，故选C。
17.（2021 盘锦）We haven’t decided ________.
A. that we will repair our house B. when did we go to the party
C. where we went on vacation D. whether we will keep a pet
【答案】D
【解析】此句是宾语从句，从句用陈述语序，排除B选项。C选项是一般过去时，主句也要用过去的某种时态，而主句haven’t decided是现在完成时结构，排除C；由haven’t decided可知，引导词用whether最合语境。故选D。
18.（2021 营口）I’ll never forget the place ________ we visited together last year.
A. which B. what C. who D. whom
【答案】A
【解析】which哪一个；what什么；who谁；whom谁，who的宾语。该句为定语从句，且从句中缺宾语，先行词place指物，故应用关系代词which，故选A。
19.（2021 营口）---Are you looking forward to the picnic tomorrow? I’m wondering ________.
---Let’s make it at half past 6.
A. where will we have a picnic
B. what we will do and see
C. how will we climb up the mountain
D. when we will meet at the school gate
【答案】D
【解析】根据“宾语从句要用陈述句语序”的原则，排除A/C选项；结合回答“Let’s make it at half past 6.”可知，此处是问见面的时间，应用when提问，故选D。
20.（2021 西宁）---Hi, Mary! I want to go to Qinghai Museum, but I am not sure ________ get there.
---Don’t worry. Let me tell you.
A. how could I B. how I can C. how can I D. how I did
【答案】B
【解析】根据句意可知，空处是宾语从句，应用陈述语序，故排除A、C项；在宾语从句中，原形动词get之前应是情态动词can，而不是did，故排除D。故选B。
21.（2021 西宁）---I have reading books ________ were written by Charles Dickens.
---So do I. David Copperfield is my favorite.
A. how B. who C. what D. that
【答案】D
【解析】how关系副词，引导定语从句，在从句中作状语；who关系代词，引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，先行词为人；what不能引导定语从句；that关系代词，引导定语从句，在从句中作主语或宾语，先行词为人或物。本句中先行词为物，且引导词在从句中作主语，应用that引导定语从句。故选D。
22.（2021 山西）--- China’s women’s soccer team beat Team South Korea on April 13th. I wonder ________.
--- They never gave up and fought the last minute in the game.
A. how they won the game
B. why they played the game
C. where they played the game
【答案】A
【解析】根据答语“They never gave up and fought the last minute in the game”可知，从句是询问女足是如何获胜的，用how引导宾语从句，故选A。
23.（2021 乐山）---Do you like the weekly talk show, The Reader, on CCTV?
---Sure. It’s a great TV programme _________ brings the habit of reading back into the public.
A. who B. that C. what
【答案】B
【解析】who先行词是人；what不能引导定语从句；此句是定语从句，先行词TV programme指物，关系词在从句中作主语，用that引导定语从句，指人或物。故选B。
24.（2021 乐山）---Did you notice __________ in his office?
---Yes, he was going over our homework.
A. how Mr. Li was doing B. what is Mr. Li doing C. what Mr. Li was doing
【答案】C
【解析】how Mr. Li was doing李老师过得怎么样；what is Mr. Li doing李老师在做什么；what Mr. Li was doing李老师在做什么；根据“宾语从句应用陈述句语序”的原则，排除B选项；根据答句he was going over our homework.可知，问句问的是李老师在办公室里做什么，应用what引导，故选C。
25.（2021 天津）---Could you tell me ________ “the Father of Rice”?
---Because he helped many countries grow more rice.
A. when was Yuan Longping called B. why is Yuan Longping called
C. when Yuan Longping was called D. why Yuan Longping is called
【答案】D
【解析】此句是宾语从句，从句用陈述语序，排除A和B选项。根据答语“Because”可知，应用引导词why引导宾语从句，故选D。
26.（2021 云南）Yuan Longping is a great scientist ________ was honored as “The Father of Hybrid Rice”.
A. when B. who C. which D. whose
【答案】B
【解析】when先行词指时间，且在从句中作时间状语；who先行词指人，且在从句中作主语；which先行词指物，且在从句中作主语或宾语；whose先行词指人或物，相当于who或which的所有格。题干中先行词“a great scientist”指人，且在从句中作主语，用who引导定语从句。故选B。
27.（2021 云南）---Could you please tell me ________ ?
---Of course. I suggest Water City Restaurant.
A. when can we get some food quickly B. when we can get some food quickly
C. where can we get some food quickly D. where we can get some food quickly
【答案】D
【解析】此处是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除AC；根据答语“I suggest Water City Restaurant.”可知，此处指地点，故选D。
28.（2021 昆明）---Have you ever heard about the new law against food waste? I’m wondering ________.
---Don’t worry. Of course it will.
A. will it be helpful B. how will it be helpful
C. it will be helpful D. whether it will be helpful
【答案】D
【解析】根据“I’m wondering ...”可知此处缺少宾语，用宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述语序，排除AB；再由“Don’t worry. Of course it will.”可知此处是想知道是否会有帮助，用whether引导的宾语从句。故选D。
29.（2021 温州）---Linda, may I know ________?
---Certainly. I’m going to the countryside to visit my grandparents.
A. why you will visit your grandparents B. how you plan to spend your weekend
C. when you are leaving for the countryside D. who you are going to the countryside with
【答案】B
【解析】根据“I’m going to the countryside to visit my grandparents.”可知，此处询问过周末的方式，用连接词how，故选B。
30.（2021 重庆A）---Do you know ________?
---Yes. Next week. I’m preparing for it.
A. when will we have the singing competition
B. when we will have the singing competition
C. where will we have the singing competition
D. where we will have the singing competition
【答案】B
【解析】此句是宾语从句，从句用陈述语序，排除A和C选项。根据答语“Next week”可知，是询问时间，用when引导宾语从句，故选B。
Ⅱ.完形填空
（2021 杭州）
Something that I learnt from both my parents was the importance of having respect（尊重）for other people. I remember one day when we were travelling on a bus and _____21_____ sat down while other people were standing. My mother shouted at me “ _____22_____ immediately! You have young legs and you don’t need to sit down.” At the time I felt embarrassed about being told of _____23_____, but now I understand. I think children nowadays have _____24_____ that respect and it really makes me angry if I see children sitting down while _____25_____ people are standing.
One area in which we had a lot of rules was table _____26_____. For example, we weren’t allowed to start our meal _____27_____ the oldest person had started. We had to say “thank you” when our food was _____28_____, and eat everything on our plates before we could _____29_____ the table. We couldn’t make any noise when eating. Worse than that, we were only _____30_____ to have sweets at the weekend, as a special _____31_____ if we had been good.
Although my upbringing（养育）was perhaps a bit _____32_____ compared with modern children, I’m very thankful to my parents for giving me a clear _____33_____ in life. Even though I was sometimes _____34_____, I think it has made me a better person. In my view, children need clear rules, but more than that they need to learn how to get on with _____35_____ people and realize they are not the center of the world.
21. A. they B. you C. I D. she
22. A. Get up B. Sit up C. Give up D. Look up
23. A. in order B. in public C. in surprise D. in person
24. A. won B. shown C. wasted D. lost
25. A. older B. richer C. taller D. heavier
26. A. designs B. manners C. materials D. sizes
27. A. if B. because C. until D. though
28. A. cooked B. eaten C. prepared D. served
29. A. move B. book C. leave D. lay
30. A. allowed B. forced C. warned D. advised
31. A. lesson B. treat C. choice D. need
32. A. simple B. interesting C. normal D. strict
33. A. direction B. answer C. introduction D. plan
34. A. protected B. encouraged C. fooled D. punished
35. A. some B. other C. few D. several
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. D 33. A 34. D 35. B
【解析】
21C.the他们；you你；I我；she她；根据“My mother shouted at me...immediately! You have young legs and you don’t need to sit down.” ”可知，这里说的是“我”坐着，其他人站着，因此我被妈妈训斥。
22A.Get up起身；Sit up坐直；Give up放弃；Look up查阅；根据“you don’t need to sit down”可知，妈妈要我起身。
23B.in order按顺序；in public公共场合；in surprise惊奇地；in person亲自；根据“when we were travelling on a bus”可知，是在公共场合被训斥而感到尴尬。
24D.won赢得；shown展示；wasted浪费；lost失去；根据“it really makes me angry...”可知，孩子们失去了这种尊重。
25A.older更老的；richer更富有的；taller更高的；heavier更重的；根据“children sitting down while...people are standing.”可知，此处是说孩子们坐着而老人们站着时，表示两种情况对比，作者会很生气。
26B.designs设计；manners礼仪，风俗；materials材料；sizes大小；根据“For example, we weren’t allowed to start our meal...the oldest person had started...”可知，这里说的是餐桌礼仪。
27C.if如果；because因为；until直到；though虽然；根据“we weren’t allowed to start our meal...the oldest person had started”可知，此处表达的是“直到……才……”，应用not……until引导时间状语从句。
28D.cooked做饭；eaten吃；prepared准备；served服务，上桌；根据“our food”可知，此处指的是食物被端上来。
29C.move移动；book预定；leave离开；lay放置；根据“eat everything on our plates”可知，此处说的是在离开餐桌之前要吃完自己的盘子里的食物。
30A.allowed允许；forced强迫；warned警告；advised建议；根据“to have sweets at the weekend”及语境可知，此处说的是只允许我们在周末吃甜食，be allowed to do sth.被允许做某事。
31B.lesson课程；treat款待；choice选择；need需要；根据“if we had been good.”可知，这里说的是如果表现好了，周末才能吃甜食，这是一种特殊的款待。
32D.simple简单的；interesting有趣的；normal正常的；strict严格的；根据上文的描述“We had to say “thank you” when our food...if we had been good.”可知，作者的成长环境比现代孩子们的更加严格。
3A.direction方向/指导；answer答案；introduction介绍；plan计划；根据“In my view, children need clear rules, but more than that they need to learn how to get on with...people and realize they are not the center of the world.”可知，父母给了明确的人生指导。
34D.protected保护；encouraged鼓励；fooled愚弄；punished惩罚；根据“I think it has made me a better person.”以及句子是由even though引导的让步状语从句，此处表达的是转折关系，应该是说虽然会受到惩罚，但是都是为我好。
35B.some一些；other其他的；few几乎没有；several几个；根据“how to get on with...people”可知，学会了如何与别人相处。
Ⅲ.阅读理解
( 2021北京)
Nature and culture are often seen as opposite ideas. What belongs to nature cannot be the result of human activities and on the other hand, cultural development is achieved against nature. However, this is not the only opinion on the relationship between nature and culture. Studies in the development of humans suggest that culture, whether taken as an effort against nature or a natural effort, is part of the development of the human species(物种).
Several modern writers saw the process of education as a struggle(斗争) against human nature. We are born with wild natures, such as eating and behaving in a disorganized way or acting selfishly. Education uses culture as a way to get us out of our widest natures; it is thanks to culture that the human species could learn to adapt(适应) , progress and raise itself above and beyond other species.
Over the past century and a half, however, studies in the history of human development have shown that the formation of culture is part of the biological adaptation. Consider, for example, hunting(打猎) . It seems to be an adaptation, which allowed humans to move into new and different areas, opening up the opportunity to change living habits. At the same time, the development of weapons(武器) is related to that adaptation-from rocks and stones to a set of hunting tools, and from hunting tools to rules relating to the proper use of weapons. Hunting also seems to be responsible for a whole set of bodily abilities, such as balancing on one foot. Just think of how this very simple thing is closely related to dance, a key expression of human culture. It is then clear that biological development and cultural development are closely tied.
The transmission of culture seems to be directly related to what’s in our blood. Just as snails carry their shells, so do we bring along our culture. However, culture is also passed on among people of the same time or among people belonging to different populations. We can learn how to make jiaozi even if we were born from Russian parents in Paris just as we can learn how to speak English even if none of our family or friends speak that language.
30. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?
A. Culture belongs to human nature.
B. Nature teaches humans how to adapt.
C. Humans are supposed to be well organized.
D. Education pushes the human species to progress.
31. Why does the writer talk about hunting in Paragraph 3?
A. To suggest some possible ways of changing living habits.
B. To stress the importance of tools in humans’ struggle for life.
C. To show how culture develops as humans adapt to the environment.
D. To explain why there is a need to call for the proper use of weapons.
32. The word “transmission” in Paragraph 4 probably means “________”.
A. system B. spread C. start D. spirit
33. What is the writer’s opinion on the nature-culture relationship?
A. Culture and nature are separate yet balanced.
B. Culture depends much on nature to progress.
C. Nature and culture are different but connected.
D. Nature follows the unwritten rules set by culture.
【答案】30. D 31. C 32. B 33. C
【解析】
30D.根据“Several modern writers saw the process of education as a struggle(斗争) against human nature.”和“Education uses culture as a way to get us out of our widest natures”可知，人们把教育的过程看作是一场与人性的斗争，教育把文化作为一种方式，让我们摆脱最广泛的天性。所以本段想说明教育推动人类进步。
31C.根据“Consider, for example, hunting(打猎) . It seems to be an adaptation, which allowed humans to move into new and different areas, opening up the opportunity to change living habits.”可知，打猎似乎是一种适应，使人类能够进入新和不同的地区，打开改变生活习惯的机会。文章提到打猎是为了展示文化是如何随着人类适应环境而发展的。
32B.分析“The transmission of culture seems to be directly related to what’s in our blood. Just as snails carry their shells, so do we bring along our culture.”可知，文化的传播似乎与我们血液中的东西直接相关。就像蜗牛带着它们的壳一样，我们也带着我们的文化。所以此处transmission的意思是“传播”。
33C.根据“Studies in the development of humans suggest that culture, whether taken as an effort against nature or a natural effort, is part of the development of the human species(物种).”可知，作者认为文化，无论是作为一种反对自然的努力还是自然的努力，都是人类物种发展的一部分，作者认为自然和文化之间是对立且密切联系的。
Ⅳ.阅读回答问题
（2021 盐城）
Eyes always on us
Video cameras are everywhere: schools, theatres and stores. But in recent years, they have entered our homes. Many parents set up cameras at home to watch their children’s online classes and homework. Are cameras really helpful? What do students think about it?
Li Ming
Earlier last year, I liked to lie in bed and videos instead of studying. This watch affected my studies and made my grades worse. So my parents set up a camera to keep an eye on me.
It worked. With the camera watching, I had to do my homework first and make plans for studying at home. When I was alone at home, the camera made me feel safe because I knew that my parents were watching on the other side. My grades improved after a year.
Zhang Hua
When I was in Grade 8, my parent set up a camera in my room. I really didn’t like it because I felt like there were always eyes watching me. I felt so uncomfortable that I couldn’t sleep well at night.
Knowing there was a camera around when my friends came to my home, they would speak quietly and carefully. We couldn’t have pillow fights. I was sad. So I asked my parents to take the camera away. They agreed it as long as I promised to behave well. I feel happy and free now.
回答下面5个问题, 每题答案不超过5个词。
56. What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 1 refer to?
_____________________________________________________
57. What was the reason for Li Ming’s parents’ setting up a camera at home?
_____________________________________________________
58. What happened to Li Ming one year later?
_____________________________________________________
59. Why does Zhang Hua feel happy and free now?
_____________________________________________________
60. What do you think of parents’ setting up cameras at home?
_____________________________________________________
【答案】56. Video cameras.
57. To watch their kid study./To keep eyes on him.
58. He got better grades./His grades improved.
59. The camera was taken away.
60. Sometimes it is helpful.
【解析】
56.根据“Video cameras are everywhere...Many parents set up cameras at home”可知，这里说的是最近几年，人们把摄像头装在了家里，所以they指代的是摄像头。
57根据“Earlier last year, I liked to lie in bed and videos instead of studying. This watch affected my studies and made my grades wore. So my parents set up a camera to keep an eye on me.”可知，李明的父母在他的房间装摄像头是为了监督他的学习。
58.根据“My grades improved after a year.”可知，一年后李明的学习成绩提高了。
59.根据“So I asked my parents to take the camera away. They agreed it as long as I promised to behave well. I feel happy and free now.”可知，张华的父母同意去掉摄像头，所以他很开心，感觉自由了。
60.这是一道主观发挥题，言之有理即可。我认为父母在家中安装摄像头是有帮助的，因为父母平时工作很忙，当我们一个人在家的时候，他们可以通过摄像头监视我们的安全，也不会太担心。
Ⅴ.书面表达
为了增强中学生的安全意识，学校英语兴趣俱乐部将要开展一次“如何提升自我保护能力”的演讲，请你以此为题，写一篇演讲稿。
内容提示：
1. 尊敬师长，与同学友好相处；
2. 公共场合，举止文明，不追逐打闹；
3. 不乱交网友，不泄露个人信息；
4. ……。
注意：词数80左右；
文中不得出现真实的地名、校名、人名等信息。
【答案】
How to Protect Ourselves
No matter who you are, what yo do, safety is the most important. How to pretect ourselves is especially important to us students.
First, we should respect the teachers and elders, and at the same time, we need to get on well with our classmates. Secondly, we should behave well in publilc, don’t run after each other. Don’t crowd with each other when we go upstairs and downstairs. Thirdly, we should be careful when we make friends, especially on line. Don’t’ give out our exact information to them. Last ,but not least, it’s imiportant for us to eat more healthy food and follow the traffic rules.
Danger is never as far away as we think. Take good care of ourselves at all times!
专题16
2022年中考英语第二轮复习讲练测
主从复合句
1.(2020 重庆) ---I’d like to know ______.
---Maybe in the forest.
A. whether we will go camping B. where we will go camping
C. whether will we go camping D. where will we go camping
1.【答案】B
【解析】由答句知道是询问“哪里”，同时考虑宾语从句结构，“引导词+陈述句”，保持时态一致，不可少。
2.（2020 河北）My cousin will drive me to school today, but I don't know______ .
A. what he'll do B. where he'll go
C. when we'll leave D. why we'll go there
【答案】C
【解析】前句的“to school” 排除“哪里”，询问“时间”恰当，同时考虑宾语从句结构。“引导词+陈述句”，保持时态一致，不可少。
3.（2020 黑龙江哈尔滨）---Could you tell me ______?
---There is nothing but some old model planes.
A. what's in the room
B. what can you see in the room
C. who in the room is
【答案】A
【解析】从答句知道，询问屋里有什么，B的意思对，但语法结构不对，它是疑问句形式。
4.（2020 河南长沙）Lura, someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see______, please.
A. who is he B. who it is C. who is it
【答案】B
【解析】有人在摁门铃，看看是谁。引导词用“who”，后跟陈述句形式。
5.（2020 江苏淮安）Our school basketball team will win the next match _____they practice more.
A. if B. before C. though D. while
【答案】A
【解析】赢得比赛的假设条件。
6.（2020 江苏南京）Jenny just wondered ______Angela already knew about the event.
A. how soon B. how many C. how often D. how much
【答案】D
【解析】从后半句“knew about the event”，询问知道的“程度”。
7.（2020 内蒙古包头）She says that she'll have to close the restaurant ______ business improves.
A. if B. after C. unless D. when
【答案】C
【解析】“除了……之外”，除了生意改善，否则就关掉餐厅。
8.（2020 安徽）---Could you tell me ______ we can start a conversation with a foreigner？
---Talking about weather is a good choice．
A how B. why C. where D. when
【答案】A
【解析】从答句知道，“如何”开始对话比较适合。
9.（2020 山东日照）My friend asked me ______this 5G mobile phone.
A. where I bought B. where did I buy
C. where I buy D. where do I buy
【答案】A
【解析】根据句子结构可知，此处为宾语从句，主句谓语动词asked 使用了一般过去时态，宾语从句中也应用一般过去时。
10.（2020 山东滨州）---What will you remember most after leaving junior high school?
---I will always remember ______.
A. how my friends and teachers used to help me
B. when did my friends and teachers arrive
C. where could my friends and teachers meet
D. what did the teachers say to me
【答案】A
【解析】其他三项都是疑问句形式，并非是“引导词+陈述句”。
11.（2021 无锡）---Any news about China’s space station? Do you know ________?
---At the end of 2022, I think.
A. when it will be in service B. where it will be sent up
C. when will it be in service D. where will it be sent up
【答案】A
【解析】根据“宾语从句要用陈述句语序”的原则，排除C/D选项；根据回答“At the end of 2022, I think.”可知，此处问的是时间，应用when引导，故选A。
12.（2021 盐城）---Jim is planning a trip to Shanghai this weekend, but still doesn’t decide________.
---Why not take the high-speed railway? It’s fast and comfortable.
A. who will he visit B. what he will do
C. how he’s going there D. whom is he going with
【答案】C
【解析】从句是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除A和D选项。根据答语“Why not take the high-speed railway”可知，是还没有决定出行的方式，用how引导宾语从句，故选C。
13.（2021 扬州）---By the way, could you tell us ________?
---From the Internet.
A. why are you interested in our company
B. why you are interested in our company
C. where did you hear about our company
D. where you heard about our company
【答案】D
【解析】此处是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除AC；根据答语“From the Internet.”可知，强调出处，故选D。
14.（2021 大连）---Daming, do you know ________?
---The strange shapes of its tall rocks.
A. how large Zhangjiajie is B. what is Zhangjiajie famous for
C. how large is Zhangjiajie D. what Zhangjiajie is famous for
【答案】D
【解析】根据“宾语从句要用陈述句语序”的原则，排除B/C选项；结合回答“The strange shapes of its tall rocks.”可知，此处问的是以什么闻名，应用what引导，故选D。
15.（2021 抚顺、本溪、辽阳）---Uncle Li, I wonder _______ in Beijing.
---The red autumn leaves of the Fragrant Hills（香山）are the most beautiful.
A. when I can eat Beijing Duck
B. what the weather is like
C.where I can enjoy the beautiful autumn
D. how I can get to the Great Wall
【答案】C
【解析】when I can eat Beijing Duck我什么时候能吃到北京烤鸭；what the weather is like天气怎么样；where I can enjoy the beautiful autumn在那里我可以享受美丽的秋天；how I can get to the Great Wall我怎么去长城。根据答语“The red autumn leaves of the Fragrant Hills（香山）are the most beautiful.”可知，应是想知道在哪里可以享受到北京美丽的秋天。故选C。
16.（2021 锦州）---Could you tell me _________?
---In two weeks.
A. when you go to the movies B. how often you take exercise
C. how soon he will come back D. how long it will take you to get home
【答案】C
【解析】根据答语“In two weeks”可知，应用how soon引导宾语从句，故选C。
17.（2021 盘锦）We haven’t decided ________.
A. that we will repair our house B. when did we go to the party
C. where we went on vacation D. whether we will keep a pet
【答案】D
【解析】此句是宾语从句，从句用陈述语序，排除B选项。C选项是一般过去时，主句也要用过去的某种时态，而主句haven’t decided是现在完成时结构，排除C；由haven’t decided可知，引导词用whether最合语境。故选D。
18.（2021 营口）I’ll never forget the place ________ we visited together last year.
A. which B. what C. who D. whom
【答案】A
【解析】which哪一个；what什么；who谁；whom谁，who的宾语。该句为定语从句，且从句中缺宾语，先行词place指物，故应用关系代词which，故选A。
19.（2021 营口）---Are you looking forward to the picnic tomorrow? I’m wondering ________.
---Let’s make it at half past 6.
A. where will we have a picnic
B. what we will do and see
C. how will we climb up the mountain
D. when we will meet at the school gate
【答案】D
【解析】根据“宾语从句要用陈述句语序”的原则，排除A/C选项；结合回答“Let’s make it at half past 6.”可知，此处是问见面的时间，应用when提问，故选D。
20.（2021 西宁）---Hi, Mary! I want to go to Qinghai Museum, but I am not sure ________ get there.
---Don’t worry. Let me tell you.
A. how could I B. how I can C. how can I D. how I did
【答案】B
【解析】根据句意可知，空处是宾语从句，应用陈述语序，故排除A、C项；在宾语从句中，原形动词get之前应是情态动词can，而不是did，故排除D。故选B。
21.（2021 西宁）---I have reading books ________ were written by Charles Dickens.
---So do I. David Copperfield is my favorite.
A. how B. who C. what D. that
【答案】D
【解析】how关系副词，引导定语从句，在从句中作状语；who关系代词，引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，先行词为人；what不能引导定语从句；that关系代词，引导定语从句，在从句中作主语或宾语，先行词为人或物。本句中先行词为物，且引导词在从句中作主语，应用that引导定语从句。故选D。
22.（2021 山西）--- China’s women’s soccer team beat Team South Korea on April 13th. I wonder ________.
--- They never gave up and fought the last minute in the game.
A. how they won the game
B. why they played the game
C. where they played the game
【答案】A
【解析】根据答语“They never gave up and fought the last minute in the game”可知，从句是询问女足是如何获胜的，用how引导宾语从句，故选A。
23.（2021 乐山）---Do you like the weekly talk show, The Reader, on CCTV?
---Sure. It’s a great TV programme _________ brings the habit of reading back into the public.
A. who B. that C. what
【答案】B
【解析】who先行词是人；what不能引导定语从句；此句是定语从句，先行词TV programme指物，关系词在从句中作主语，用that引导定语从句，指人或物。故选B。
24.（2021 乐山）---Did you notice __________ in his office?
---Yes, he was going over our homework.
A. how Mr. Li was doing B. what is Mr. Li doing C. what Mr. Li was doing
【答案】C
【解析】how Mr. Li was doing李老师过得怎么样；what is Mr. Li doing李老师在做什么；what Mr. Li was doing李老师在做什么；根据“宾语从句应用陈述句语序”的原则，排除B选项；根据答句he was going over our homework.可知，问句问的是李老师在办公室里做什么，应用what引导，故选C。
25.（2021 天津）---Could you tell me ________ “the Father of Rice”?
---Because he helped many countries grow more rice.
A. when was Yuan Longping called B. why is Yuan Longping called
C. when Yuan Longping was called D. why Yuan Longping is called
【答案】D
【解析】此句是宾语从句，从句用陈述语序，排除A和B选项。根据答语“Because”可知，应用引导词why引导宾语从句，故选D。
26.（2021 云南）Yuan Longping is a great scientist ________ was honored as “The Father of Hybrid Rice”.
A. when B. who C. which D. whose
【答案】B
【解析】when先行词指时间，且在从句中作时间状语；who先行词指人，且在从句中作主语；which先行词指物，且在从句中作主语或宾语；whose先行词指人或物，相当于who或which的所有格。题干中先行词“a great scientist”指人，且在从句中作主语，用who引导定语从句。故选B。
27.（2021 云南）---Could you please tell me ________ ?
---Of course. I suggest Water City Restaurant.
A. when can we get some food quickly B. when we can get some food quickly
C. where can we get some food quickly D. where we can get some food quickly
【答案】D
【解析】此处是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除AC；根据答语“I suggest Water City Restaurant.”可知，此处指地点，故选D。
28.（2021 昆明）---Have you ever heard about the new law against food waste? I’m wondering ________.
---Don’t worry. Of course it will.
A. will it be helpful B. how will it be helpful
C. it will be helpful D. whether it will be helpful
【答案】D
【解析】根据“I’m wondering ...”可知此处缺少宾语，用宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述语序，排除AB；再由“Don’t worry. Of course it will.”可知此处是想知道是否会有帮助，用whether引导的宾语从句。故选D。
29.（2021 温州）---Linda, may I know ________?
---Certainly. I’m going to the countryside to visit my grandparents.
A. why you will visit your grandparents B. how you plan to spend your weekend
C. when you are leaving for the countryside D. who you are going to the countryside with
【答案】B
【解析】根据“I’m going to the countryside to visit my grandparents.”可知，此处询问过周末的方式，用连接词how，故选B。
30.（2021 重庆A）---Do you know ________?
---Yes. Next week. I’m preparing for it.
A. when will we have the singing competition
B. when we will have the singing competition
C. where will we have the singing competition
D. where we will have the singing competition
【答案】B
【解析】此句是宾语从句，从句用陈述语序，排除A和C选项。根据答语“Next week”可知，是询问时间，用when引导宾语从句，故选B。
Ⅱ.完形填空
（2021 杭州）
Something that I learnt from both my parents was the importance of having respect（尊重）for other people. I remember one day when we were travelling on a bus and _____21_____ sat down while other people were standing. My mother shouted at me “ _____22_____ immediately! You have young legs and you don’t need to sit down.” At the time I felt embarrassed about being told of _____23_____, but now I understand. I think children nowadays have _____24_____ that respect and it really makes me angry if I see children sitting down while _____25_____ people are standing.
One area in which we had a lot of rules was table _____26_____. For example, we weren’t allowed to start our meal _____27_____ the oldest person had started. We had to say “thank you” when our food was _____28_____, and eat everything on our plates before we could _____29_____ the table. We couldn’t make any noise when eating. Worse than that, we were only _____30_____ to have sweets at the weekend, as a special _____31_____ if we had been good.
Although my upbringing（养育）was perhaps a bit _____32_____ compared with modern children, I’m very thankful to my parents for giving me a clear _____33_____ in life. Even though I was sometimes _____34_____, I think it has made me a better person. In my view, children need clear rules, but more than that they need to learn how to get on with _____35_____ people and realize they are not the center of the world.
21. A. they B. you C. I D. she
22. A. Get up B. Sit up C. Give up D. Look up
23. A. in order B. in public C. in surprise D. in person
24. A. won B. shown C. wasted D. lost
25. A. older B. richer C. taller D. heavier
26. A. designs B. manners C. materials D. sizes
27. A. if B. because C. until D. though
28. A. cooked B. eaten C. prepared D. served
29. A. move B. book C. leave D. lay
30. A. allowed B. forced C. warned D. advised
31. A. lesson B. treat C. choice D. need
32. A. simple B. interesting C. normal D. strict
33. A. direction B. answer C. introduction D. plan
34. A. protected B. encouraged C. fooled D. punished
35. A. some B. other C. few D. several
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. D 33. A 34. D 35. B
【解析】
21C.the他们；you你；I我；she她；根据“My mother shouted at me...immediately! You have young legs and you don’t need to sit down.” ”可知，这里说的是“我”坐着，其他人站着，因此我被妈妈训斥。
22A.Get up起身；Sit up坐直；Give up放弃；Look up查阅；根据“you don’t need to sit down”可知，妈妈要我起身。
23B.in order按顺序；in public公共场合；in surprise惊奇地；in person亲自；根据“when we were travelling on a bus”可知，是在公共场合被训斥而感到尴尬。
24D.won赢得；shown展示；wasted浪费；lost失去；根据“it really makes me angry...”可知，孩子们失去了这种尊重。
25A.older更老的；richer更富有的；taller更高的；heavier更重的；根据“children sitting down while...people are standing.”可知，此处是说孩子们坐着而老人们站着时，表示两种情况对比，作者会很生气。
26B.designs设计；manners礼仪，风俗；materials材料；sizes大小；根据“For example, we weren’t allowed to start our meal...the oldest person had started...”可知，这里说的是餐桌礼仪。
27C.if如果；because因为；until直到；though虽然；根据“we weren’t allowed to start our meal...the oldest person had started”可知，此处表达的是“直到……才……”，应用not……until引导时间状语从句。
28D.cooked做饭；eaten吃；prepared准备；served服务，上桌；根据“our food”可知，此处指的是食物被端上来。
29C.move移动；book预定；leave离开；lay放置；根据“eat everything on our plates”可知，此处说的是在离开餐桌之前要吃完自己的盘子里的食物。
30A.allowed允许；forced强迫；warned警告；advised建议；根据“to have sweets at the weekend”及语境可知，此处说的是只允许我们在周末吃甜食，be allowed to do sth.被允许做某事。
31B.lesson课程；treat款待；choice选择；need需要；根据“if we had been good.”可知，这里说的是如果表现好了，周末才能吃甜食，这是一种特殊的款待。
32D.simple简单的；interesting有趣的；normal正常的；strict严格的；根据上文的描述“We had to say “thank you” when our food...if we had been good.”可知，作者的成长环境比现代孩子们的更加严格。
3A.direction方向/指导；answer答案；introduction介绍；plan计划；根据“In my view, children need clear rules, but more than that they need to learn how to get on with...people and realize they are not the center of the world.”可知，父母给了明确的人生指导。
34D.protected保护；encouraged鼓励；fooled愚弄；punished惩罚；根据“I think it has made me a better person.”以及句子是由even though引导的让步状语从句，此处表达的是转折关系，应该是说虽然会受到惩罚，但是都是为我好。
35B.some一些；other其他的；few几乎没有；several几个；根据“how to get on with...people”可知，学会了如何与别人相处。
Ⅲ.阅读理解
( 2021北京)
Nature and culture are often seen as opposite ideas. What belongs to nature cannot be the result of human activities and on the other hand, cultural development is achieved against nature. However, this is not the only opinion on the relationship between nature and culture. Studies in the development of humans suggest that culture, whether taken as an effort against nature or a natural effort, is part of the development of the human species(物种).
Several modern writers saw the process of education as a struggle(斗争) against human nature. We are born with wild natures, such as eating and behaving in a disorganized way or acting selfishly. Education uses culture as a way to get us out of our widest natures; it is thanks to culture that the human species could learn to adapt(适应) , progress and raise itself above and beyond other species.
Over the past century and a half, however, studies in the history of human development have shown that the formation of culture is part of the biological adaptation. Consider, for example, hunting(打猎) . It seems to be an adaptation, which allowed humans to move into new and different areas, opening up the opportunity to change living habits. At the same time, the development of weapons(武器) is related to that adaptation-from rocks and stones to a set of hunting tools, and from hunting tools to rules relating to the proper use of weapons. Hunting also seems to be responsible for a whole set of bodily abilities, such as balancing on one foot. Just think of how this very simple thing is closely related to dance, a key expression of human culture. It is then clear that biological development and cultural development are closely tied.
The transmission of culture seems to be directly related to what’s in our blood. Just as snails carry their shells, so do we bring along our culture. However, culture is also passed on among people of the same time or among people belonging to different populations. We can learn how to make jiaozi even if we were born from Russian parents in Paris just as we can learn how to speak English even if none of our family or friends speak that language.
30. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?
A. Culture belongs to human nature.
B. Nature teaches humans how to adapt.
C. Humans are supposed to be well organized.
D. Education pushes the human species to progress.
31. Why does the writer talk about hunting in Paragraph 3?
A. To suggest some possible ways of changing living habits.
B. To stress the importance of tools in humans’ struggle for life.
C. To show how culture develops as humans adapt to the environment.
D. To explain why there is a need to call for the proper use of weapons.
32. The word “transmission” in Paragraph 4 probably means “________”.
A. system B. spread C. start D. spirit
33. What is the writer’s opinion on the nature-culture relationship?
A. Culture and nature are separate yet balanced.
B. Culture depends much on nature to progress.
C. Nature and culture are different but connected.
D. Nature follows the unwritten rules set by culture.
【答案】30. D 31. C 32. B 33. C
【解析】
30D.根据“Several modern writers saw the process of education as a struggle(斗争) against human nature.”和“Education uses culture as a way to get us out of our widest natures”可知，人们把教育的过程看作是一场与人性的斗争，教育把文化作为一种方式，让我们摆脱最广泛的天性。所以本段想说明教育推动人类进步。
31C.根据“Consider, for example, hunting(打猎) . It seems to be an adaptation, which allowed humans to move into new and different areas, opening up the opportunity to change living habits.”可知，打猎似乎是一种适应，使人类能够进入新和不同的地区，打开改变生活习惯的机会。文章提到打猎是为了展示文化是如何随着人类适应环境而发展的。
32B.分析“The transmission of culture seems to be directly related to what’s in our blood. Just as snails carry their shells, so do we bring along our culture.”可知，文化的传播似乎与我们血液中的东西直接相关。就像蜗牛带着它们的壳一样，我们也带着我们的文化。所以此处transmission的意思是“传播”。
33C.根据“Studies in the development of humans suggest that culture, whether taken as an effort against nature or a natural effort, is part of the development of the human species(物种).”可知，作者认为文化，无论是作为一种反对自然的努力还是自然的努力，都是人类物种发展的一部分，作者认为自然和文化之间是对立且密切联系的。
Ⅳ.阅读回答问题
（2021 盐城）
Eyes always on us
Video cameras are everywhere: schools, theatres and stores. But in recent years, they have entered our homes. Many parents set up cameras at home to watch their children’s online classes and homework. Are cameras really helpful? What do students think about it?
Li Ming
Earlier last year, I liked to lie in bed and videos instead of studying. This watch affected my studies and made my grades worse. So my parents set up a camera to keep an eye on me.
It worked. With the camera watching, I had to do my homework first and make plans for studying at home. When I was alone at home, the camera made me feel safe because I knew that my parents were watching on the other side. My grades improved after a year.
Zhang Hua
When I was in Grade 8, my parent set up a camera in my room. I really didn’t like it because I felt like there were always eyes watching me. I felt so uncomfortable that I couldn’t sleep well at night.
Knowing there was a camera around when my friends came to my home, they would speak quietly and carefully. We couldn’t have pillow fights. I was sad. So I asked my parents to take the camera away. They agreed it as long as I promised to behave well. I feel happy and free now.
回答下面5个问题, 每题答案不超过5个词。
56. What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 1 refer to?
_____________________________________________________
57. What was the reason for Li Ming’s parents’ setting up a camera at home?
_____________________________________________________
58. What happened to Li Ming one year later?
_____________________________________________________
59. Why does Zhang Hua feel happy and free now?
_____________________________________________________
60. What do you think of parents’ setting up cameras at home?
_____________________________________________________
【答案】56. Video cameras.
57. To watch their kid study./To keep eyes on him.
58. He got better grades./His grades improved.
59. The camera was taken away.
60. Sometimes it is helpful.
【解析】
56.根据“Video cameras are everywhere...Many parents set up cameras at home”可知，这里说的是最近几年，人们把摄像头装在了家里，所以they指代的是摄像头。
57根据“Earlier last year, I liked to lie in bed and videos instead of studying. This watch affected my studies and made my grades wore. So my parents set up a camera to keep an eye on me.”可知，李明的父母在他的房间装摄像头是为了监督他的学习。
58.根据“My grades improved after a year.”可知，一年后李明的学习成绩提高了。
59.根据“So I asked my parents to take the camera away. They agreed it as long as I promised to behave well. I feel happy and free now.”可知，张华的父母同意去掉摄像头，所以他很开心，感觉自由了。
60.这是一道主观发挥题，言之有理即可。我认为父母在家中安装摄像头是有帮助的，因为父母平时工作很忙，当我们一个人在家的时候，他们可以通过摄像头监视我们的安全，也不会太担心。
Ⅴ.书面表达
为了增强中学生的安全意识，学校英语兴趣俱乐部将要开展一次“如何提升自我保护能力”的演讲，请你以此为题，写一篇演讲稿。
内容提示：
1. 尊敬师长，与同学友好相处；
2. 公共场合，举止文明，不追逐打闹；
3. 不乱交网友，不泄露个人信息；
4. ……。
注意：词数80左右；
文中不得出现真实的地名、校名、人名等信息。
【答案】
How to Protect Ourselves
No matter who you are, what yo do, safety is the most important. How to pretect ourselves is especially important to us students.
First, we should respect the teachers and elders, and at the same time, we need to get on well with our classmates. Secondly, we should behave well in publilc, don’t run after each other. Don’t crowd with each other when we go upstairs and downstairs. Thirdly, we should be careful when we make friends, especially on line. Don’t’ give out our exact information to them. Last ,but not least, it’s imiportant for us to eat more healthy food and follow the traffic rules.
Danger is never as far away as we think. Take good care of ourselves at all times!
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