初中英语中考复习 专题22 任务型阅读还原句子-2020年中考英语母题题源解密（解析版）

这是一份初中英语中考复习 专题22 任务型阅读还原句子-2020年中考英语母题题源解密（解析版），共24页。
专题22 任务型阅读还原句子



【母题来源1】 【2020 • 贵州省安顺市】
【母题原题】

Nirmal Purja has set several world records after climbing the world's 14 highest mountains in less than seven months.
___51___ Though he was born 1, 600 meters above sea level, he didn't climb any serious mountains until he was 29.
But Mr. Purja, now 36, was trained to be strong. He used to be a soldier in the British army, where he had special training for fighting in very cold weather. ___52___
There are only14 mountains in the world that are higher than8,000 meters. Mr. Purja had already climbed several of them. ___53___ The old record for climbing the 14 mountains was seven years, ten months and six days. It was set by South Korean climber Kim Chang-ho in 2013.
Mr. Purja named his challenge "Project Possible". ___54___ On October 29, just a little more than six months after he started, Nirmal Purja had finished climbing the 14th mountain.
Though Mr. Purja completed his challenge unbelievably quickly, it wasn't easy. For example, during one day of climbing Shishapangma Mr. Purja and his team climbed for 15 hours nonstop.___55___
A. Mr. Purja was born in Nepal, in the Himalayas.
B. He had completed five more climbs in Pakistan.
C. He began on April 23, by climbing Annapurna in Nepal
D. His goal was to climb all of them in less than seven months.
E. They had to deal with winds as fast as 75 kilometers per hour.
F. In 2018, he left there to follow his dream of mountain climbing.
【文章大意】本文主要介绍了尼泊尔登山新星Nirmal Purja，他在不到七个月的时间里攀登了世界上14座最高的山脉，并创造了多项世界纪录。
51.A【解析】句意：Purja先生出生于尼泊尔喜马拉雅山脉。
根据空后“Though he was born 1, 600 meters above sea level”可知，空处是说他出生在海拔1600米的地方，结合选项可知，“Mr. Purja was born in Nepal, in the Himalayas”符合语境。故选A。
52.F【解析】句意：2018年，他离开那里追寻自己的登山梦想。
根据空前句“He used to be a soldier in the British army, where he had special training for fighting in very cold weather.”可知，他曾经是英国军队的一名士兵，在那里他接受过在非常寒冷的天气里战斗的特殊训练；结合后面一段讲的是Purja爬山的情况，所以“2018年，他离开那里追寻自己的登山梦想”承前启后，符合语境。故选F。
53.D【解析】句意：他的目标是在不到七个月的时间里把它们全部爬上去。
根据空前句“Mr. Purja had already climbed several of them. Purja先生已经爬了它们中若干个。”及后面“The old record for climbing the 14 mountains was seven years, ten months and six days. 爬这14座山的旧记录是七年十个月六天。”可知，空处是说他要爬上这14座山；结合选项可知，“His goal was to climb all of them in less than seven months.”符合语境。故选D。
54.C【解析】句意：他以4月23日攀登尼泊尔的安娜普尔纳为开始。
根据后面“On October 29, just a little more than six months after he started, Nirmal Purja had finished climbing the 14th mountain. 10月29日，就在他开始的六个多月后，Nirmal Purja完成了第14座山的攀登。”可知，此处是说他何时开始，与后面的何时结束形成对应，所以“He began on April 23, by climbing Annapurna in Nepal”符合语境。故选C。
55.E【解析】句意：他们不得不应对时速75公里的大风。
根据前面“during one day of climbing Shishapangma Mr. Purja and his team climbed for 15 hours nonstop. 在攀登希夏邦马峰的一天里，Purja先生和他的团队连续攀登了15个小时。”可知，此处是说他们攀登的困难，结合选项可知，“They had to deal with winds as fast as 75 kilometers per hour.”符合语境。故选E。
【母题来源2】【2020 • 贵州省安顺市】
【母题原题】Teens are not as healthy as they used to be. They are putting on weight. A recent research shows 97% of the teens need more exercise. ____46____ First, exercise can help your mind. People who get plenty of physical activity might worry less and sleep better at night. You may even learn better in school. ____47____ Physical activity can make your body strong. It can also keep you at a healthy weight. But how can teens be encouraged to do more exercise? Here are some good suggestions.
____48____ Doctors call watching TV or playing video games screen time. You should have no more than two hours of screen time a day. Then you will enjoy your life more.
____49____ Interest is the best teacher. You can choose the traditional sports, such as basketball, soccer, or baseball. Those are all great sports and if you like them, play them.
____50____ Find a friend or a family member to exercise with you. You will have more fun and it’s not easy for you to give up.
All in all, it’s necessary for teens to do more exercise.
根据短文内容，将下面方框内的句子还原到文中空白处，使短文内容完整、通顺（每个选项只能用一次）。
A. Second, exercise helps your body.
B. Step away from the screen.
C. Exercise with others together.
D. Exercise helps in two ways.
E. Find a sport you are interested in.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一些让青少年保持健康、加强锻炼的方法。
46.D【解析】根据下文First … Second …可知，此处说的是锻炼的两点好处。D选项Exercise helps in two ways“锻炼在两个方面有帮助”符合语境，故选D。
47.A【解析】根据上文Exercise helps in two ways … First …可知，此处说的是锻炼的第二点好处。A选项Second, exercise helps your body“第二，锻炼对你的身体有帮助”符合语境，故选A。
48.B【解析】根据下文Doctors call watching TV or playing video games screen time可知，本段说的是要尽量少花时间在电子屏幕前。B选项Step away from the screen“远离屏幕”符合语境，故选B。
49.E【解析】根据下文Interest is the best teacher可知，本段说的是可以根据自己的兴趣选一项运动。E选项Find a sport you are interested in“寻找一个自己感兴趣的运动”符合语境，故选E。
50.C【解析】根据Find a friend or a family member to exercise with you可知，本段说的是可以找朋友或家人一起去锻炼。C选项Exercise with others together“与他人一起锻炼”符合语境，故选C。
【母题来源3】【2020 •黑龙江省龙东地区】
【母题原题】___56___We found that only fifteen percent of our students exercise every day. Forty-five percent exercise four to six times a week. Twenty percent exercise only one to three times a week. And twenty percent do not exercise at all!
___57___If you go without sleep, you might have problems with your memory or with your concentration（注意力）.In order to concentrate at school or perform well in tests, we really need to get a good night's sleep.
___58___Dr. Green says all these activities can cause a lot of stress for children. “Kids should have time to relax and think for themselves, too. Although it's normal to want successful children, it's even more important to have happy children.”
___59___Yes, you knew I was going to say this! It is so important. Smoking is not cool. It is dangerous. It harms nearly every part of your body. Think about how your family and friends will feel, and think about what it will do to your health.
___60___I have never been very active, and I do not like sports. I have always wanted a pet, so my parents gave me a dog for my birthday. Now I get exercise by taking him for a walk every day. Now I feel really healthy.
Choose the best topic from A to F according to the meaning of the passage.
A. Not getting enough sleep has effects on our brain's work.
B. Have a healthy diet!
C. Say no to smoking!
D. Our survey about doing exercise.
E. Taking my pet for a walk makes me healthy.
F. Too much pressure is not good for a child's development
【文章大意】本文主要讲了对我们身心健康有益的几点建议，如充足睡眠，别给孩子太多压力，不抽烟，带宠物散步等。
56.D【解析】根据上文We found that only fifteen percent of our students exercise every day. Forty-five percent exercise four to six times a week. Twenty percent exercise only one to three times a week. And twenty percent do not exercise at all! 我们发现只有15%的学生每天锻炼。45%的人每周锻炼四到六次。20%的人每周只锻炼一到三次。20%的人根本不锻炼！可知本段是关于做运动的调查。所以“Our survey about doing exercise. 我们关于做运动的调查。”为本段的主题句，故选D。
57.A【解析】根据上文If you go without sleep, …we really need to get a good night's sleep. 如果你不睡觉，你的记忆或你的注意力可能会有问题，为了在学校集中精力或在测试中表现良好，我们真的需要一个良好的睡眠。可知本段主要讲睡眠不足会影响我们的大脑工作。所以“Not getting enough sleep has effects on our brain's work. 睡眠不足会影响我们的大脑工作。”为本段的主题句，故选A。
58.F【解析】根据上文Dr. Green says all these activities can cause a lot of stress for children. … it's even more important to have happy children.” 格林博士说，所有这些活动都会给孩子造成很大的压力。“孩子们也应该有时间放松自己思考。虽然想要成功的孩子是正常的，但拥有快乐的孩子更重要。”可知本段主要讲了太大的压力对孩子的发展不好，所以“Too much pressure is not good for a child's development太大的压力对孩子的发展不好” 为本段的主题句，故选F。
59.C【解析】根据上文It is so important. Smoking is not cool. It is dangerous. It harms nearly every part of your body. …think about what it will do to your health.这是如此重要。吸烟不酷还很危险。它几乎伤害了你身体的每一部分。想想你的家人和朋友会有什么感觉，想想它会对你的健康产生什么影响。可知本段主要讲了不要抽烟！所以“Say no to smoking! 别抽烟！”为本段的主题句，故选C。
60.E【解析】根据上文I have never been very active, and I do not like sports….Now I feel really healthy. 我从来都不活跃也不喜欢运动。我一直想要一只宠物，所以我父母给了我一只狗作为我的生日礼物。现在我每天带它散步来锻炼身体。现在我感觉真的很健康。可知本段主要讲带宠物散步使我们健康。所以“Taking my pet for a walk makes me healthy. 带我的宠物散步使我健康。” 为本段的主题句，故选E。
【母题来源4】【2020 • 山东省德州市】
【母题原题】Want to save the earth? Plant a tree!

What's causing global (全球的) warming? Is it man-made? Or are temperatures simply changing naturally? Whatever the case, we can at least try to slow things down. But how?
The Wilderness Project has an idea. ___21___. If the earth has more trees, greenhouse gases will be reduced, and this will help stop global warming.___22___ and improve air quality (质量).
___23___. In Belgium, the Organization for Forests worked with farmers to help them plant more trees. In Spain, the Canopy Project plants one tree for every Spaniard (西班牙人) in order to improve the environment. In Germany, a teenager named Felix Finkbeiner has been leading a global movement to plant more trees.___24___.
Now, lots of people all over the world have already been planting more trees. In fact, if everyone plants one tree, just one, it will do great good to our environment.
So what can you do to help?___25___, although you need to get advice on how to look after it. Or you can join a tree planting project such as the ones mentioned above to help save the earth.
So, go on, plant a tree…and save the earth!
A. Maybe you can buy a young tree to grow
B. They suggest that we should plant more trees
C. Another question is how quickly the sea level will rise
D. Many countries are calling on people to plant more trees
E. What's more they improve human health by producing oxygen (氧气)
F. He was nine when he came up with the idea of planting trees around the world
【文章大意】众所周知，全球变暖已经成为了一个我们面临的严重的问题，不管是什么导致了全球变暖，我们都应该做一些事情来改变这一现状，或至少减慢变暖的速度。文章中告诉我们，其实很简单，种树就可以。如果地球上有更多的树木，温室气体就会减少，这就将有助于阻止全球变暖。
21.B【解析】上句话“The Wilderness Project has an idea.”提到“荒野计划”这个组织有了一个主意；下句话“If the earth has more trees, greenhouse gases will be reduced, and this will help stop global warming.”就提到了多种树的好处，该空应在中间起到串联的作用，先告诉我们这个主意是什么，B选项“他们建议我们应该多种树”符合语境，故选B。
22.E【解析】上句话“If the earth has more trees, greenhouse gases will be reduced, and this will help stop global warming.”和空后“and improve air quality”都是关于多种树的好处的，E选项“而且，它们通过产生氧气来改善人类健康”也是在说植树的好处，符合语境，故选E。
23.D【解析】根据下文的内容可知，这里列举了比利时、西班牙和德国三个国家的组织和个人采取了不同的措施多种树。D选项“许多国家号召人们种植更多的树木”概括了这一段的文意，符合语境，故选D。
24.F【解析】上句话“In Germany, a teenager named Felix Finkbeiner has been leading a global movement to plant more trees.”提到了德国的一个青少年一直在领导一项种植更多树木的全球运动。F选项“他九岁的时候就有了在世界各地植树的想法”补充了这个青少年更多的信息，符合语境，故选F。
25.A【解析】上句话“So what can you do to help?”提出了问题，“你能做些什么来帮忙呢？”，这个空应给出答案。并且结合空后“although you need to get advice on how to look after it.”“你需要得到一些建议如何照顾它”，因此这个建议是让我们买一棵小树来种植。A选项符合语境，故选A。
【母题来源5】【2020 •山东省泰州市】
【母题原题】

In recent years, a growing number of Chinese books and movies have been translated into other languages.____________26____________ They have been learning Chinese and are interested in Chinese culture. Anna is one of them, Before she translated Jin Yong’s novel Legends of the Candor Heroes (《射雕英雄传》), the writer was little known to English readers.____________27____________
But Anna managed to do it. Impressed (使……印象深刻) by the book’s themes (主题) of good against evil, loyalty (忠诚) and love, as well as Chinese philosophy (哲学), Anna hoped to bring it to new readers. After five years of work, the translated book was published in 2018.____________28____________ Many people think Anna did a good job.
Anna studied at the University of Oxford.____________29____________ After the trip she became interested in China and began to learn Chinese. She calls herself “a clumsy (笨拙的) student, just like Guo Jing from Legends of the Condor Heroes, but one of loyal heart”.
____________30____________ Last year, he translated the animated movie Ne Zha. He said, “I see China’s stronger cultural influences. And we have a growing number of students majoring in Chinese. More Chinese stories will appear in front of new audiences.”
A. Like Anna, another translator David also learned Chinese in college.
B. She took a trip to China at the age of 21.
C. Many of the translators are young people.
D. One reason for this was that his works were too hard to translate.
E. It was reprinted (再版) seven times within several months in the UK.
【文章大意】本文主要讲了越来越多的中国书籍和电影被外国的年轻人翻译成其他语言。
26.C【解析】根据上句“In recent years, a growing number of Chinese books and movies have been translated into other languages. 近年来，越来越多的中国书籍和电影被翻译成其他语言。”和下句“They have been learning Chinese and are interested in Chinese culture, Anna is one of them. 他们一直在学习汉语，对中国文化感兴趣, Anna是其中一个。”，可知本段主要讲有些人把中国书籍和电影翻译成其他语言，所以“Many of the translators are young people. 许多翻译是年轻人。”符合上下句语境，故选C。
27.D【解析】根据上文Before she translated Jin Yong’s novel Legends of the Candor Heroes (《射雕英雄传》), the writer was little known to English readers. 在翻译金庸的小说《射雕英雄传》之前，英国读者对作者知之甚少。可知选项中“One reason for this was that his works were too hard to translate.原因之一是他的作品太难翻译。” 符合上下句语境，故选D。
28.E【解析】根据上文“After five years of work, the translated book was published in 2018. 经过五年的工作，译著于2018年出版。”和下文“Many people think Anna did a good job. 许多人认为安娜做得很好。”可知许多人喜欢这部译著，所以“It was reprinted (再版) seven times within several months in the UK. 它在英国几个月内被再版七次。” 符合上下句语境，故选E。
29.B【解析】根据下文After the trip旅行结束后，可知选项“She took a trip to China at the age of 21. 她21岁时去中国旅行”符合语境，故选B。
30.A【解析】根据下文Last year，he translated the animated movie Ne Zha. 去年，他翻译了动画电影《哪吒》。可知此处列举了一位和Anna一样的翻译者，所以 “Like Anna, another translator David also learned Chinese in college. 和安娜一样，另一位翻译大卫也在大学里学过汉语。” 符合语境，故选A。
【母题来源6】【2020 •四川省成都市】
【母题原题】Close friends, think alike?
"What! You, too? I believed I was the only one." Have you ever said something like this to someone? _____71_____
It seems that similarity often helps form friendship. The Greek thinker Aristotle once said, "People regard friendship as a matter of similarity; they say that we love those who are like our-selves." ____72____ Scientists from University of California said friends have similar behaviors, Scientific American reported.
The scientists invited 42 university students to take part in a test. Each student watched the same set of videos, which included a comedy, a discussion and a soccer match. _____73_____According to their scans, friends who watched the same video reacted in similar ways. Similar parts of their brains lit up while watching the videos, especially parts that are connected with motivation(动机), learning and memory. ____74____
"Seeing one's friends have similar behaviors will reinforce(强化)one's own values, opinions, and interests," lead scientist Carolyn Parkinson told Business Insider. ___75___ Scientists from the University of Leipzig, Germany, found that friendship is also based on how physically close you are to someone. The scientists did a test with first-year college students the first time they met in class. In this test, students who sat in neighboring seats were more likely to become friends.
A. Now, there is some science behind this idea.
B. If so, you may have ended up becoming friends with this person.
C. Friends share a lot of similarities, though there are some differences.
D. But brain similarity is not the only thing that can result in friendship.
E. However, people who weren't friends had different reactions to the same videos.
F. At the same time, scientists scanned their brains and recorded their brain activity.
【文章大意】本文主要叙述大脑相似性可能会产生友谊，但这并不是友谊产生的唯一因素。
71.B【解析】句意：如果是这样的话，你可能最终和这个人成为了朋友。
分析上下文可知，前文提及可能与别人有相同的想法，后文说到相似之处似乎有助于建立友谊。所以此处内容与友谊和相似性相关。结合选项，故选B。
72.B【解析】句意：现在，这个想法背后有一些科学依据。
根据后句“Scientists from University of California said friends have similar behaviors, Scientific American reported.”可知，据《科学美国人》报道，加州大学的科学家称，朋友之间也有类似的行为。后文提及科学依据，所以此处与科学研究相关。结合选项，故选A。
73.F【解析】句意：与此同时，科学家扫描了他们的大脑并记录了他们的大脑活动。
根据后句“According to their scans, friends who watched the same video reacted in similar ways.”可知，根据扫描结果，看了同一段视频的朋友的反应是相似的。此处内容应与扫描相关。结合选项，故选F。
74.E【解析】句意：然而，那些不是朋友的人对同样的视频有不同的反应。
分析上下文可知，上文做了扫描的研究，指出看了同一段视频的朋友的反应是相似的，研究结果呈现的应该不止一种结果，结合选项，“那些不是朋友的人对同样的视频有不同的反应”符合，故选E。
75.D【解析】句意：但是大脑的相似性并不是导致友谊的唯一因素。
根据后文内容“Scientists from the University of Leipzig, Germany, found that friendship is also based on how physically close you are to someone.”可知，德国莱比锡大学的科学家发现，友谊还取决于你和某人的身体距离，所以前文叙述的大脑的相似性并不是导致友谊的唯一因素，还有其他因素存在。结合选项，故选D。
【母题来源7】【2020 •四川省乐山市】
【母题原题】COVID-19（新冠病毒）has stopped people from working for several months. In recent days, many people have returned to work. ___46___ Here is some advice.
When commuting（通勤）
Avoid taking public transport. ___47___ If you have to take public transport, you shall wear a face mask（口罩）through the ride and try to avoid touching objects in the vehicles（车辆）with your hands.
Entering the workplace
Wear a face mask and receive body temperature check before entering the office building. You must pass the body temperature check before being allowed in. ___48___ If you have signs such as fever, please go to the fever office of a hospital at once.
Using a lift
Avoid using the lift if you are going to or leaving lower floors. Use the stairs instead. Stand clear of lift doors while waiting. ___49___
In offices
___50___ Do it three times a day for 15 minutes to half an hour each time. You can only get infected（感染的）if the virus builds up in large numbers. Fresh air can stop the virus from building up.
Keep healthy habits such as eating a healthy diet, exercising and getting enough sleep. They can improve your immunity（免疫力）.
A. Try to walk, cycle or drive to your office instead.
B. What steps of prevention（预防）and control are needed?
C. Do not stand face to face with people while waiting.
D. Open windows to let fresh air in during the day.
E. Wash hands in time.
【文章大意】文章讲述的是在疫情爆发以来人们停止工作很久，后来许多人返回工作岗位。但是对于采取哪些预防和控制疫情的措施，文中给出了一些建议。
46.B【解析】句意：需要采取哪些预防和控制措施？
根据前句many people have returned to work.以及后句Here is some advice.可知，这里说的是开始上班之后如何预防新冠病毒的问题，要采取什么措施，所以综合所给的选项可知，B选项比较合适，故选B。
47.A【解析】句意：尝试着步行、骑自行车或开车去你的办公室。
根据句意理解及前句Avoid taking public transport.可知，这里应该是有关选择出行的方式，综合所给的选项可知，A选项比较合适，故选A。
48.E【解析】句意：及时洗手。
根据本段的理解以及空格前的You must pass the body temperature check before being allowed in.可知，这里说的是我们必须要做的一些事情，所以综合所给的选项，E选项比较合适，故选E。
49.C【解析】句意：等候时不要与人面对面站立。
根据句意理解及前句Avoid using the lift if you are going to or leaving lower floors. Use the stairs instead. Stand clear of lift doors while waiting.可知，这里说的是在乘坐或者等待电梯的时候需要注意的事情，所以这里综合所给的选项可知，C选项比较合适，故选C。
50.D【解析】句意：白天打开窗户让新鲜空气进来。
根据句意理解及后文Do it three times a day for 15 minutes to half an hour each time. You can only get infected（感染的）if the virus builds up in large numbers. Fresh air can stop the virus from building up.可知，这里说的是有关空气方面的事情，也就是在疫情期间要多开窗透气，所以D选项比较合适，故选D。
【母题来源8】【2020 •新疆维吾尔自治区(建设兵团】
【母题原题】Long ago, as people got older, there was something wrong with their teeth and it would be very painful.___41___
Later people learned that cleaning their teeth was important, but they didn't have toothpaste(牙膏) at that time. ___42___
About 100 years ago someone finally created a kind of cream to clean teeth. Not long after that, the toothpaste tube (管子) was invented, so people could press the toothpaste right onto the toothbrush! ___43___ The army gave brushes and toothpaste to all the soldiers, and they learned to brush teeth twice a day. At that time toothpaste tubes were made of metal. ___44___
Today there are plenty of toothpaste choices; lots of colors and tastes to choose from, and some kinds of toothpaste are made just for children. When you're choosing a kind of toothpaste, make sure it has fluoride (氟化物). ___45___When you brush your teeth, you don't need a lot of toothpaste: just press out a bit.
A. They used lemon juice, salt or other things to clean their teeth.
B. Tooth brushing became popular during the World War I.
C. Fluoride makes your teeth strong and healthy.
D. Today they're made of soft plastic and are much easier to use!
E. To avoid toothache, they had their teeth pulled out.
【文章大意】本文主要谈论口腔清洁的由来以及如何选择牙膏。
41.E【解析】句意：为了避免牙痛，他们拔掉了牙齿。
根据下文“Long ago, as people got older, there was something wrong with their teeth and it would be very painful.（很久以前，随着年龄的增长，牙齿出了问题，会非常痛苦。）”可知此句是“为了避免牙痛，他们拔掉了牙齿。”故选E。
42.A【解析】句意：他们用柠檬汁、盐或其他东西来清洁牙齿。
根据上文“Later people learned that cleaning their teeth was important, but they didn't have toothpaste(牙膏) at that time.（后来人们认识到清洁牙齿很重要，但那时他们没有牙膏。）”可知此句是“他们用柠檬汁、盐或其他东西来清洁牙齿。”故选A。
43.B【解析】句意：刷牙在第一次世界大战期间很流行。
根据下文“The army gave brushes and toothpaste to all the soldiers, and they learned to brush teeth twice a day.（军队给所有士兵刷牙和牙膏，他们每天学刷牙两次。）”可知此句是“刷牙在第一次世界大战期间很流行。”故选B。
44.D【解析】句意：如今，它们是用软塑料制成的，使用起来更方便！
根据上文“At that time toothpaste tubes were made of metal.（那时牙膏管是用金属制成的。）”可知此句是“如今，它们是用软塑料制成的，使用起来更方便！”故选D。
45.C【解析】句意：氟化物使你的牙齿强壮健康。
根据上文“When you're choosing a kind of toothpaste, make sure it has fluoride (氟化物).（当你选择一种牙膏时，要确保它含有氟化物。）”可知此句是“氟化物使你的牙齿强壮健康”；故选C。

【考试方向】
阅读短文还原句子的文章一般为200—250词左右，设空位置一般为三种：段首、段尾和段中。根据历年真题的考查可看出考题中段中设空最多，段尾次之，段首最少。其主要考查：
1. 学生能理解故事情节和事件发展顺序。
2. 学生能理解段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系。
【得分要点】
1. 解题步骤
（1）读选项，画关键词，暗排序。
（2）读文章，找逻辑，抓过渡词。
（3）先易后难来解题。
（4）回读文章定答案。
2. 得分技巧
（1）抓住过渡词，看住上下句。
（2）盯紧横线的前后词语。
通过学生对这类题型的解题步骤、思路及技巧的练习和实践，可总结出以下复习策略：
1. 养成限时阅读的习惯，提高阅读速度。培养学生的阅读技能， 处理好阅读速度与效率问题。阅读速度应控制在每篇5分钟，每分钟40—50个词为宜。
2. 注意常考点。平时练习多注意代词（如it，this，they）、选项的句内关系（如因果、转折）及重现（文章与选项的复现提示）等。
3. 解题技巧
通读全文，了解文章大意。根据文章整体结构、具体内容，并结合关键词，将选项填入文中，再次通读全文，重点考查逻辑关系和关联结构，研究多余选项，确定排除理由，最终确定答案。
1. 如果问题设在段首
（1）通常是段落的主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找相关的词，推断出主题句。
（2）与后文是并列，转折，因果关系等。着重阅读后文第一两句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找相关特征词，通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的，因此这两句之间会有某种的衔接手段。
（3）段落间的过渡句。这时要瞻前顾后找启示，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与上一段结尾有机地衔接起来，并结合下一段内容，看所选的答案是否将两段内容连贯起来。
2. 如果问题设在段尾
（1）空白前的一句或两句是重点语句，重点阅读以锁定关键词。
（2）通常是结论，概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果结论，总结等的信号词，如：Therefore， as a result，thus，hence，in short，to sum up，to conclude，in a word等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。
（3）与前文是转折或对比关系。此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折对比的关联词，同时注意选项中所讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比关系。
（4）与前文是并列或排比关系。在这种情况下，通常是该段落要求补全说明本段主题的其他细节，因此，根据段落一致性原则，在原文和选项中找到相关的特征词，通常选项中会出现表示并列或递进关系的关联词或与前文类似的句式结构，或出现同义词等其他线索。
（5）所选答案是引出下一段的内容。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段的开头是否有一定的衔接，认真阅读下一段开头几句，看是否与选项的最后一句紧密连接起来。
（6）如果第一段的段尾是空白，要认真阅读，看此处是细节还是主题，通常文章第一段要提出文章的主题，如果在段尾提出主题，会用一些信号词如转折词引出来，正确答案应有这样的特征词。

【母题1】【来源】【2020 • 福建省泉州市二模】
Many homes have cameras to protect them from danger.___46___.But the cameras do not know whether the person is a family member, a friend, a postman or a criminal(罪犯).
But a new camera made by a French company can recognize(辨别出)faces. It can tell parents at work that their children have returned from school, or that the mail has been sent to their home.
___47___.When family members enter a home, the smart camera "recognizes" them and sends information to the owner's phone. The owner can choose to see the video then or later.
___48___, the camera will send a waning sound on the owner's phone.
This is what happened recently to a smart home camera owner named Damien. He lives in Paris.
"On a Friday I was at work, having a big monthly meeting when my phone moved. At first I told myself___49___, but my phone was telling me there was a face that the camera did not recognize. Something was happening in my house! "
"I saw a person I did not know with his shoes on, which is not allowed in my apartment. I watched it on the video.___50___.I hurried back home as fast as possible and called the police on the way. Thanks to the smart camera, the criminal was caught soon, "said Damien.
A. But if an unknown person enters a home
B. I felt quite surprised
C. The cameras can tell the owners if someone has entered
D. Oh, it must be a wrong wan
E. It can also tell them if a stranger has entered their home
【答案】46. C 47. E 48. A 49. D 50. B
【解析】文章介绍了一种可以辨别人脸的摄像头。
46. 根据后一句But the cameras do not know whether the person is a family member, a friend, a postman or a criminal(罪犯).意为“但是摄像机不知道此人是家庭成员，朋友，邮递员还是罪犯。”此处表示转折，因此前一句应是摄像头知道谁来过。故选C。
47. 根据前一句It can tell parents at work that their children have returned from school, or that the mail has been sent to their home.意为“它可以告诉工作中的父母他们的孩子已经从学校回来了，或者邮件已经寄到了他们的家中。”因次后一句应是“它还可以告诉他们是否有陌生人进入他们的家”。两句结构相同，多了一个also。故选E。
48. 根据前一句When family members enter a home, the smart camera...意为“当家庭成员进入家中时，智能相机会……”，那么下面应是讨论另一种情况，即“但是如果一个陌生人进入家”，故选A。
49. 根据下一句but my phone was telling me there was a face that the camera did not recognize.意为“但是我的电话告诉我有一张相机无法识别的脸。”此句是转折关系，情况不乐观，因此“我”原本以为是弄错了。故选D。
50. 根据前一句I saw a person I did not know可知我看到自己不认识的人，这种情况下我会感到惊讶。故选B。
【母题2】【来源】【2020 •湖南省长沙市青竹湖湘一外国语学校2019-2020学年度初三中考三模】
Why do Chinese people refuse to cut their hair during the first month of the lunar (阴历) year?
____36____. Tradition says that doing so will cause your mother’s brother die. Although it’s not true, some people still believe it.
So, after a month’s wait, people usually flock (蜂拥而至) to cut their hair on Dragon Head-Raising Day – the second lunar month. ____37____. People always had to wait for a long time to get their hair cut.
Dragon Head-Raising Day fells on Feb 24 this year. ____38____. Ancient people believed that after this day, rainfall would increase because the rain-bringing Dragon King would wake up from his winter sleep. So that day is the start of spring and farming.
A well-known saying goes, “On the second day of the second month, the dragon lifts his head.”
____39____. For example, people eat food with “dragon names”. People call noodles dragon’s beard. (龙须). Dumplings are dragon’s ears and spring rolls (春卷) are dragon’s scales (龙鳞).
A. It is an important traditional Chinese holiday
B. Because people believe that it is the best to cut hair on Dragon Head-Raising Day
C. It was once tradition to line up outside of barber shops (理发店) on this day
D. Besides cutting their hair, there are also other ways to celebrate this holiday
E. This is because people believe that getting a haircut during the first lunar month is not a good idea
【答案】36. E 37. C 38. A 39. D
【解析】文章大意：短文主要介绍了中国人在正月不理发以及“二月二，龙抬头”的习俗。
36. 根据上句Why do Chinese people refuse to cut their hair during the first month of the lunar (阴历) year?为什么中国人在农历的第一个月拒绝理发呢？可知，下句应是对此现象的解释，故答案为E。
37. 根据下句People always had to wait for a long time to get their hair cut.人们总是要等很长时间来理发可知，前句应是“在这一天，在理发店外排队是曾经的传统”，故答案为C。
38. 根据下句Ancient people believed that after this day, rainfall would increase because the rain-bringing Dragon King would wake up from his winter sleep. So that day is the start of spring and farming.古人认为这一天过后，因为带来雨水的龙王会从冬眠中醒来，从而使降雨量增加，所以这一天是春天和农耕的开始可知，上句应是“它是一个重要的传统的中国节日”，故答案为A。
39. 根据下句For example, people eat food with “dragon names”.例如，人们吃带有“龙的名字”的食物可知，上句应是“在二月二，除了理发，还有其它方式来庆祝这个节日”，故答案为D。
【母题3】【来源】【2020 • 江西省宜春市高安市二模】
Hu Yaohui, a schoolgirl in Zhejiang province, didn’t want to speak or eat for a week. ___49___ “I can’t stop thinking about my place in the class,” she said. “I feel stressed out.”
Hu is not the only one who faces stress. According to a recent survey conducted by Wuhan University of Hubei province, about 70 percent of the 2,000 students to take the college and high school entrance exams feel under pressure.
Stress is a normal physical response (反应) to things that make people feel worried or break their balance of life in some way.
Stress isn’t always bad. Sometimes, people’s stress is important during emergency situations, such as when a driver has to stop his car to stop an accident. ___50___
However, too much or long-term stress gives people a stress overload (负荷过多). ___51___ They are quick to get angry or lose patience. They may even have other problems, such as sleeping problems, headaches and often getting colds.
___52___ For example, you might manage it by getting a good night’s sleep, or by exercising every day.
Another good way to deal with stress is to ask parents or friends for help. Everyone has stress. For many people, stress is so common that it has become a way of life.___53___ They may comfort you or give you some useful advice. Sometimes just sharing your problems with someone else can make you feel better.
A. Students with stress overloads should learn how to deal with it.
B. Don’t be too shy to tell others that you are having a hard time.
C. Sometimes, stress can also help people do their best while preparing for a big exam.
D. People with stress overloads may have problems concentrating on things.
E. The most helpful way to deal with stress is to learn how to manage the stress.
F. However, all of the students tried their best to get good grades on the exam.
G. She kept worrying about her scores on the exam.
【答案】49. G 50. C 51. D 52. E 53. B
【解析】文章介绍了压力的好处和解决压力的方法。
49. 根据后文“I can’t stop thinking about my place in the class,” she said. “I feel stressed out.”可知她一直在想自己在班上的名次，所以她是在担心自己的考试成绩。故选G。
50. 根据“Stress isn’t always bad. Sometimes, people’s stress is important during emergency situations, such as when a driver has to stop his car to stop an accident.”意为“压力并不总是坏的。有时，在紧急情况下，例如驾驶员必须停车以防止发生事故时，人们的压力很重要。” 由此可知，这一段讲述压力的好处，此处应是“有时候，压力也可以帮助人们在准备大考时都做到最好。”故选C。
51. 根据后一句“They are quick to get angry or lose patience. They may even have other problems, such as sleeping problems, headaches and often getting colds.”意为“他们会很快生气或失去耐心。他们甚至可能还有其他问题，例如睡眠问题，头痛和经常感冒。”可知此处是处于压力状态下的表现，因此应是“压力超负荷的人可能会在专注于事物方面遇到困难。”故选D。
52. 根据下一句“ For example, you might manage it by getting a good night’s sleep, or by exercising every day.”意为“例如，您可以通过睡个好觉或每天锻炼来管理它。”可知这是解压的方式。故选E。
53. 根据下一句“They may comfort you or give you some useful advice. Sometimes just sharing your problems with someone else can make you feel better.”意为“他们可能会安慰您或给您一些有用的建议。 有时，与他人分享您的问题会使您感觉更好。”可知此处建议要与他人交流。故选B。
【母题4】【来源】【2020 • 山东省济南市槐荫区二模】
___81___It's a friendly way people in the United States greet each other. But "How are you?" is also a very unusual question. It's a question that often doesn't have an answer.
When a person meets a friend on the street and asks "How are you?", the person doesn't really expect to hear an answer such as "I really don't know what's wrong with me.I thought I had a cold.I look some medicine, but that didn't help much, so I'll go to the doctor." The person who asks"How are you'" expects to hear the answer "Fine." even if the other person isn't! The reason is that "How are you?" isn't really a question and "Fine" isn't really an answer. ___82___
Sometimes, people also don't say exactly what they mean. For example, when someone asks "Do you agree?", the other person might be thinking "No, I disagree. I think you're wrong." But it isn't very polite to disagree so strongly, so the other person might say, "I'm not so sure." ___83___
People also don't say exactly what they are thinking when they finish conversations with other people. For example, many conversations over the phone end when one person says, "I've got to go now." Often, the person who wants to hang up gives an excuse： "Someone's at the door." I've got to put the vegetables away." "Something is burning on the stove!" ___84___Perhaps the person who wants to hang up simply doesn't want to talk any more, but it isn't very polite to say that. The excuse is more polite, and it doesn't hurt the other person's feelings.
Whether they are greeting each other, talking about an opinion, or ending a conversation, people often don't say exactly what they are thinking. It's an important way that people try to be nice to each other._____85_____
A. We must learn when to keep silent.
B. "How are you?" is a nice question.
C. And it's all part of the game of language!
D. The excuse might be real, or it might not be.
E. It's a nicer way to say that you don't agree with someone.
F. People sometimes shake hands when they meet each other.
G. They are simply ways of greeting people and saying "Hello."
【答案】81. B 82. G 83. E 84. D 85. C
【解析】文章大意：主要介绍了语言的艺术。当人们互相打招呼、询问对方意见、结束谈话时，人们所说的不一定是真实想法，只是为了礼貌而已。
81. 细节推理题。根据后句"It's a friendly way people in the United States greet each other．But "How are you？" is also a very unusual question．"可知说的是你好吗？这个问题，结合选项，可知与选项B. "How are you?" is a nice question.你好吗？"这是个好问题，相符合，故答案为B。
82. 细节推理题。根据前句"The reason is that "How are you？" isn't really a question and "Fine" isn't really an answer"可知说的是其他方式，结合选项，可知与选项G. They are simply ways of greeting people and saying "Hello."它们只是问候和说"你好"的方式。相符合，故答案为G。
83. 细节推理题。根据前句"For example， when someone asks "Do you agree？"，…"I'm not so sure．""可知说的是更好的拒绝方式，结合选项，可知与选项E. It's a nicer way to say that you don't agree with someone.这是表示你不同意某人的一种更好的方式。相符合，故答案为E。
84. 细节推理题。根据后句"Perhaps the person who wants to hang up simply doesn't want to talk any more， but it isn't very polite to say that． The excuse is more polite， and it doesn't hurt the other person's feelings．"可知说的是借口，结合选项，可知与选项D. The excuse might be real, or it might not be.这个借口可能是真的，也可能不是。相符合，故答案为D。
85. 细节推理题。根据前句“It's an important way that people try to be nice to each other.” 这是人们彼此友好相处的重要方式。可知，与选项C. And it's all part of the game of language! 这都是语言游戏的一部分！相符合，故答案为C。
【母题5】【来源】【2020 • 山东省潍坊市安丘区三模】
American and British people both speak English of course. But sometimes it does not seem like the same language. In fact, there are some important differences between British English and American English.
____12____Often, Americans don’t say each word separately. They say several words together. Americans may say “I dunno” instead of “I don’t know”. Or they may say “Whaddya say?” instead of “What did you say?” However, the British are more careful in their speech. They usually say all the words and keep them separate.
Sound is not only the difference between British English and American English. Words sometimes have different meanings too.____13____Americans drive trucks, but in England people drive lorries.
____14____In England, if you are going to telephone your friends, you “phone them up”. In America, you “give them a call”.
There are also some differences in grammar. For example, Americans usually use the helping verb “do” when they ask a question. They say “Do you have a storybook?” But the British often leave out the helping verb.____15____
Most languages are like this. Languages change over time. When people live in separate places, the languages change in different ways. This is what has happened to English. It can also happen to other languages, such as French. Many people in Canada speak French but their French is very different from the French of France.
阅读上面短文，从下面选项中选择合适的句子填入文中空白处，有一项为多余选项。
A. They say “Have you a storybook?”
B. It can also happen to other languages, such as French.
C. For example, the vocabulary for cars and driving is very different.
D. First of all, they sound very different.
E. Many expressions are also different in the two countries.
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. E 15. A
【解析】这篇短文为我们讲述了美国英语和英国英语之间的不同，包括读音、词义、语法及固定表达等。
12. 根据下文的介绍可知，美国人通常不会把每个词分开说。他们一起说几个字。而英国人通常把所有的词都说出来，并把它们分开。可知，此处是说它们听起来很不一样。这是第一个不同点。因此选择First of all, they sound very different. 首先，它们听起来很不一样。故选D。
13. 根据“Words sometimes have different meanings too.”单词有时也有不同的意思。以及下文“Americans drive trucks, but in England people drive lorries.”可知，此处应该介绍它们的词义不同。因此选择For example, the vocabulary for cars and driving is very different. 例如，汽车和驾驶的词汇就非常不同。故选C。
14. 根据“In England, if you are going to telephone your friends, you“phone them up”. In America, you “give them a call”.”可知，这是介绍了它们的表达方式也不同。因此选择Many expressions are also different in the two countries. 在这两个国家，许多表达方式也不同。故选E。
15. 根据“There are also some differences in grammar.”语法上也有一些不同。可知，此处应该举例说明语法不同在什么地方。因此选择They say“Have you a storybook?”他们说“你有故事书吗？”故选A。
【母题6】【来源】【2020 • 浙江省杭州市江干区一模】
To be a Successful Online Learner
You may be one of the increasing number of students who is doing the online learning. Follow these tips to help you be a successful online learner.
_____16_____Many students think that online classes require less work and are much easier. In fact, online classes have similar requirements to the traditional courses. Be prepared to do at least six hours of work a week in an online course. During the weeks of finals and midterms, you need to make far more efforts.
_____17_____ Every course has learning objectives. Course objectives are the basic thing for the course. Activities, tasks, and test—in fact, everything in a course is from the objectives. If you understand the course objectives, you will understand what is expected of you in the class.
_____18_____ Students learn in different ways, and the teachers often use different kinds of teaching skills to meet the needs of different learning styles. Give new ways of learning a try, even if they seem different from what you're used to. Try to use technology to make learning better.
_____19_____ Most communication in an online course happens through the written word. Discussion board, written tasks, and emails are all common ways of communication in online courses. This is different from traditional classes, where a lot of communication is by talking face to face. Be prepared to read and write a lot in online courses.
____20____ If you have questions or have problems in understanding, ask your teachers for help. Your teacher won't know if you don't understand something unless you tell him or her. Don't wait until you've missed the chance to be a better learner.
If you follow the suggested tips you can succeed at online learning, and enjoy the experience all at once.
A. Be open to the new ways of learning
B. Pay attention to the course learning objectives
C. Do not lower your self- requirements
D. Make a new timetable for the online learning.
E. Try to use the ways of learning actively.
F. Be ready to ask questions in time.
【答案】16. C 17. B 18. A 19. E 20. F
【解析】这篇短文就如何成为成功的网上学习者给出了几点建议。
16. 本段主要介绍不要以为网课需要少量工作更简单实际上网课和传统课程是相似的，所以不能降低自我要求，故选C。
17. 根据 “Every course has learning objectives. Course objectives are the basic thing for the course.” 可知本段介绍课程学习目标的重要性，所以要关注课程学习目标，故选B。
18. 根据“Give new ways of learning a try, even if they seem different from what you're used to. Try to use technology to make learning better.”可知要接受新的学习方式，故选A。
19. 根据“This is different from traditional classes, where a lot of communication is by talking face to face. Be prepared to read and write a lot in online courses”可知要积极运用学习方法，故选E。
20. 根据“If you have questions or have problems in understanding, ask your teachers for help.”可知提出的建议和问问题有关，即要及时提问问题，故选F。
【母题7】【来源】【2020 • 浙江省杭州市下城区一模】
How to Invent a Product
___16___
It's unnecessary to think of something that no one has ever thought of before. Just ask yourself what exactly you are trying to improve or solve? If you want to build a better dust mop (拖把),how will it be better? What interesting or important part does it have? What could you do differently?
___17___
Try coming up with 15 solutions in a minute, no matter how crazy. Or choose one of the solutions and ask how is that like my idea? "How and why does it work?" "When, where and how is it used?" "How is it described?" Let your questions and imagination come up with new ideas or find a different way of looking at a problem
___18___
Visit stores that offer products similar to what yours will do and even go as far as to ask store workers for products they might sell with a similar purpose. If you have a name for your product created, search this to find out whether it is already being used.
___19___
This is often the longest part of inventing! Thomas Edison's lab tested more than 6,000 different materials for light bulbs before they came up with one that worked. Make the model until it works the way you want. Sometimes you might discover an entirely different idea.
___20___
When you think you've got everything ready, it's time to make a working model of your invention --- a prototype. This is what you'll use to show people what it will look like and how it will work. You can use this prototype to show and introduce to the people who might have interest.
A. Research your invention.
B. Brainstorm
C. Ask for advice.
D. Find a problem worth solving.
E. Make your invention to a reality.
F. Build, test, rebuild, repeat.
【答案】16. D 17. B 18. A 19. F 20. E
【解析】本文介绍了发明一个产品的过程：找到一个值得解决的问题；想出很多方法；调查和你的发明相似的产品；反复实验和重做；让发明成为现实。
16. 根据“Just ask yourself what exactly you are trying to improve or solve? ”可知，此处表示找到一个可以提高或解决的方法，因此是找到一个可以值得解决的问题，故选D。
17. 根据“Try coming up with 15 solutions in a minute, no matter how crazy.”可知，此处表示进行头脑风暴，想出一些解决方法。故选B。
18. 根据“Visit stores that offer products similar to what yours will do and even go as far as to ask store workers for products they might sell with a similar purpose. ”可知，去调查一些和你的发明相似的产品，故选A。
19. 根据“Thomas Edison's lab tested more than 6,000 different materials for light bulbs before they came up with one that worked. Make the model until it works the way you want. Sometimes you might discover an entirely different idea.”可知，此处表示反复的实验，重做，故选F。
20. 根据“When you think you've got everything ready, it's time to make a working model of your invention --- a prototype. ”可知，此处表示让发明成为现实，故选E。
【母题8】【来源】【2020 • 福建省龙岩市二模】
Do you like to tell stories？Do you like to write？Sometimes those questions have two different answers. Many children love to tell stories out loud.______46______
Writing is one of those skills that takes practice. Even professional writers do not write everything perfectly the first time.____47____When you revise（修）your writing, you look for ways to change it that will make it better.____48____ You make sure that you have used capitals, periods and other punctuation marks（标点符号）in the best way. You look for words that can be taken out or traded for different, more exciting words.______49______
Revising your writing is important. The changes you make can turn boring words into exciting words.____50____Don't be afraid to make changes. The first time you write on a topic, you get your ideas down on paper. Revising your writing is cleaning it up. It's making it ready for readers to enjoy.
A. You check your spelling.
B. It can make your ideas come alive.
C. They have to rewrite their work to make it perfect.
D. However, it can be hard to write them down on paper.
E You make sure that your words hclp the reader get a picture in his mind.
【答案】46. D 47. C 48. A 49. E 50. B
【解析】主旨大意：这篇短文主要介绍了第一次写故事，需要注意的问题，告诉我们修改作品的必要性和重要性。
46. 根据文中“Many children love to tell stories out loud.”许多孩子们喜欢大声地讲故事可知，孩子们很难把它们写在纸上，所以用转折关系，故选D。
47. 根据后句“When you revise（修）your writing, you look for ways to change it that will make it better.”可知说的是修改，结合选项，应说他们不得不重写他们的作品使之完美，故选C。
48. 根据后句“You make sure that you have used capitals, periods and other punctuation marks（标点符号）in the best way.”可知说的是检查，结合选项，应说你检查你的拼写，故选A。
49. 根据前句“You look for words that can be taken out or traded for different, more exciting words.”可知说的是好的词语，结合选项，应说你要确保你的文字能让读者在他的脑海中形成一幅画面，故选E。
50. 根据前句“Revising your writing is important. The changes you make can turn boring words into exciting words.”可知说的是修改的重要性，结合选项，应说它可以让你的想法变得生动，故选B。