初中英语中考复习 专题27+说明建议类（10空）-三年（2020-2022）中考真题英语分项汇编（全国通用）

这是一份初中英语中考复习 专题27+说明建议类（10空）-三年（2020-2022）中考真题英语分项汇编（全国通用），共51页。
专题27 完形填空

说明建议类（10小题）

【2022年】

（一）（2022·安徽·中考真题）
Your brain doesn’t have to do anything extra (额外的) to tell the truth. You think of what you want to say, and you say it. Lying ____21____ much more work.
Here’s an ____22____ of what goes into a simple lie. Imagine you’re late for class and the teacher asks ____23____ and you decide to lie. You now have to either came up with a story or remember the story you ____24____ as you were rushing to class. So you say, “I had to stop by the ____25____ and borrowed a book.” Your teacher asks, “The book I recommended (推荐) last period?”
You must decide how to answer ____26____. If you say yes, the teacher might ask you to show her the book. Or she might ____27____ you to read from it in class. If you say it is a ____28____ book, she might ask which book you’ve checked out. So you have to be ready with the ____29____ of another book and make sure it’s a book the school library owns.
You give your ____30____ a ton of extra work! Why not just tell the truth? It’s much easier.
21．A．refuses B．avoids C．takes D．fixes
22．A．example B．ability C．interview D．agreement
23．A．when B．who C．why D．which
24．A．listened to B．made up C．wrote down D．left behind
25．A．store B．gate C．station D．library
26．A．recently B．secretly C．angrily D．quickly
27．A．expect B．help C．hate D．pay
28．A．boring B．personal C．cheap D．different
29．A．cover B．name C．price D．size
30．A．book B．exam C．brain D．class
【答案】21．C
22．A
23．C
24．B
25．D
26．D
27．A
28．D
29．B
30．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文告诉我们说谎需要大脑做更多的工作，所以与其撒谎，不如说实话。
21．
句意：说谎需要更多的工作。
refuses拒绝；avoids避免；takes拿，花费；fixes修理。根据“Lying...much more work.”可知，撒谎需要花费更多的时间，故选C。
22．
句意：下面是一个简单谎言的例子。
example例子；ability能力；interview采访；agreement同意。根据文章内容可知，此处举例说明作者的观点，故选A。
23．
句意：假设你上课迟到了，老师问你为什么，你决定撒谎。
when何时；who谁；why为什么；which哪一个。根据“Imagine you’re late for class and the teacher asks...and you decide to lie.”可知，你迟到了，老师会问原因，故选C。
24．
句意：你现在要么想出一个故事，要么记住你在赶去上课时编的故事。
listened to听；made up组成，编造；wrote down写下；left behind留下。根据“You now have to either came up with a story or remember the story you...as you were rushing to class.”可知，是编造故事说自己为什么迟到，故选B。
25．
句意：我去图书馆借了一本书。
store商店；gate大门；station车站；library图书馆。根据“borrowed a book”和“make sure it’s a book the school library owns”可知，是在图书馆借书，故选D。
26．
句意：你必须决定如何快速回答。
recently最近；secretly秘密地；angrily生气地；quickly迅速地。根据“You must decide how to answer...”可知，必须要快速回答问题，故选D。
27．
句意：或者她可能希望你在课堂上朗读。
expect期待；help帮助；hate讨厌；pay付钱。根据“Or she might...you to read from it in class.”可知，老师希望你在课堂上读这本书，expect sb to do sth“希望/期待某人做某事”，故选A。
28．
句意：所以你必须准备好另一本书的名字，确保它是学校图书馆拥有的书。
boring无聊的；personal个人的；cheap便宜的；different不同的。根据“If you say it is a...book”可知，这本书不是老师推荐的那本，即不同的书，故选D。
29．
句意：所以你必须准备好另一本书的名字，确保它是学校图书馆拥有的书。
cover封面；name名字；price价格；size尺寸。根据“So you have to be ready with the...of another book and make sure it’s a book the school library owns.”可知，要想出另一本书的名字，故选B。
30．
句意：你给了你的大脑大量额外的工作！
book书；exam考试；brain大脑；class班级。此处呼应文章首句“Your brain doesn’t have to do anything extra (额外的) to tell the truth.”，撒谎给了你的大脑大量额外的工作，故选C。








（二）（2022·湖南岳阳·中考真题）

FIFA World Cup is one of the biggest sports events in the world. It ___11___ every 4 years. The first World Cup was in 1930. It has a history of over 90 years. During the World Cup, ___12___ fans watch the games and cheer for their favorite teams or players. We have known some famous football players from the football competitions, such as Beckham, Messi, and Figo. They have excited football fans for many years. The World Cup ___13___ the best chances for football players around the world. The winners can get not only ___14___ but also respect（尊重）.
The 2022 World Cup will start on November 21st and ___15___ on December 18th. The competition is going to last（持续）___16___ days. To avoid the high ___17___ in Qatar（卡塔尔）, the games will come in winter ___18___ summer. Gianni Infantino, FIFA’s president（国际足联主席）said, “This is a good decision, the ___19___ temperature in Qatar is up to 45℃. It’s too hot for players to compete.” The true spirit of the 2022 World Cup is “Where there is life, there is struggle（奋斗）.” It’s sure that every football player will try ____20____ best to achieve their goals.
If you have time, if you love soccer, why not come to Qatar to enjoy the exciting football event?
11．A．takes off B．takes a walk C．takes place
12．A．few B．little C．quite a few
13．A．has agreed B．has refused C．has provided
14．A．silence B．honor C．mistakes
15．A．end B．begin C．cross
16．A．8 B．18 C．28
17．A．price B．heat C．speed
18．A．instead of B．in total C．in front of
19．A．deepest B．highest C．widest
20．A．their B．theirs C．them
【答案】11．C
12．C
13．C
14．B
15．A
16．C
17．B
18．A
19．B
20．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文讲述世界杯是全世界足球运动员获得荣誉和尊重的最好机会，讲述2022年卡塔尔在冬季举办世界杯的原因。
11．
句意：它每四年举行一次。
takes off脱掉，起飞；takes a walk散步；takes place发生，举行。“it”指的是“FIFA World Cup”。根据“every 4 years”可知句子表达的是世界杯举办的时间，用动词短语“takes place”。故选C。
12．
句意：世界杯期间，相当多的粉丝看比赛，为他们最爱的队或队员欢呼。
few几乎没，接可数名词；little几乎没，接不可数名词；quite a few相当多。“fans”是可数名词的复数形式。根据“watch the games and cheer for their favorite teams or players”及“They have excited football fans for many years”可知，句子表达粉丝有很多，用短语“quite a few”。故选C。
13．
句意：世界杯为全世界的足球运动员提供最好的机会。
has agreed同意；has refused拒绝；has provided提供。根据“the best chances for football players”，可知句子用“provide sth. for sb.”，表达“为某位提供某物”。故选C。
14．
句意：获胜者不仅获得荣誉还获得尊重。
silence安静；honor荣誉；mistakes错误。根据“The winners”及“but also respect”可知，句子表达不但有荣誉还有尊重，用名词“honor”。故选B。
15．
句意：2022年世界杯将在11月21日开始，12月18日结束。
end结束；begin开始；cross穿过。根据“start on November 21st and”可知，句子表达结束的时间，用动词“end”。故选A。
16．
句意：比赛将持续28天。
8八；18十八；28二十八。根据“start on November 21st and”及“on December 18th”可知，从11月21日到12月18日，共28天。故选C。
17．
句意：为了避免卡塔尔的高温，比赛将在冬天而不是夏天举行。
price价格；heat热量；speed速度。根据“the games will come in winter”可知，句子表达避免高温，用名词“heat”。故选B。
18．
句意：为了避免卡塔尔的高温，比赛将在冬天而不是夏天举行。
instead of而不是；in total总共；in front of在某物前面。根据“To avoid”，“the games will come in winter”及“summer”，可知句子否定后面，表达“而不是夏天”，用“instead of”。故选A。
19．
句意：这是一个很好地决定，因为卡塔尔的温度高达45摄氏度。
deepest最深；highest最高；widest最宽。根据“temperature in Qatar is up to 45℃”可知，句子表达最高温，用形容词最高级“highest”。故选B。
20．
句意：每个足球运动员会尽他们最大努力来实现他们的目标，这一点是很确定的。
their他们的；theirs他们的东西；them他们。句子用短语“try one’s best to do”表达“尽某人最大的努力”。表达“他们的”用“their”。故选A。


（三）（2022·四川自贡·中考真题）
Sagarika Sriram is a high school student living in Dubai and founder（建立者）of Kids for a Better World—a digital platform（数字化平台）. It ____16____ nearly 10,000 teens together from all over the world. Its goal is to fight climate（气候）change.
When Sagarika was 10 years old, she felt ____17____ about the future of Earth. Sagarika knew she needed to do something. So she ____18____ a group that organized cleanup activities in Dubai. “The ____19____ helped me understand what one person could do and how I could ____20____ make a difference,” she said. In 2016, Sagarika ____21____ Kids for a Better World. She believes even ____22____ actions can make a big difference.
Kids for a Better World is for people aged 8 to 16. It teaches kids about what they can do at home and in their community to fight climate change. They can ____23____ food or plant trees. They can collect recycables or stop using plastic bags. Sagarika wants schools to teach these lessons. “These can help change our future,” she says.
Sagarika has big ____24____. She’d like to study at Stanford University. And while she’s there, she won’t stop ____25____ Kids for a Better World. Sagarika hopes to encourage more and more people to fight for a greener planet.
16．A．orders B．serves C．brings
17．A．surprised B．sorry C．uneasy
18．A．knew B．joined C．met
19．A．experience B．hobby C．feeling
20．A．really B．clearly C．quickly
21．A．left B．created C．noticed
22．A．small B．special C．new
23．A．borrow B．buy C．grow
24．A．changes B．deals C．plans
25．A．showing B．running C．helping
【答案】16．C
17．C
18．B
19．A
20．A
21．B
22．A
23．C
24．C
25．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要讲述了Sagarika Sriram建立了一个组织Kids for a Better World，旨在应对气候变化。
16．
句意：它汇集了来自世界各地的近 10,000 名青少年。
orders命令；serves服务；brings带来。根据“nearly 10,000 teens together from all over the world”可知这个平台汇集了世界各地的青少年，bring...together“团结起来”。故选C。
17．
句意：Sagarika10岁时，对地球的未来感到不安。
surprised惊讶的；sorry抱歉的；uneasy不安的。根据“Sagarika knew she needed to do something”可知她认为需要做一些事情，因为她对地球的未来感到不安。故选C。
18．
句意：所以她加入了一个在迪拜组织清洁活动的组织。
knew知道；joined加入；met遇到。根据“a group that organized cleanup activities”可知是加入了这个组织。故选B。
19．
句意：这段经历帮助我了解了一个人可以做什么，以及我如何才能真正有所作为。
experience经历；hobby爱好；feeling感觉。根据“helped me understand what one person could do”可知是在那个组织中的经历。故选A。
20．
句意：这段经历帮助我了解了一个人可以做什么，以及我如何才能真正有所作为。
really真地；clearly清晰地；quickly快速地。根据“and how I could...make a difference”可知是做一些事情真正地对地球有影响。故选A。
21．
句意：2016 年，Sagarika创立了Kids for a Better World。
left离开；created创造；noticed注意到。根据“founder（建立者）of Kids for a Better World”可知是创建了这个平台。故选B。
22．
句意：她相信即使是很小的行动也会产生很大的影响。
small小的；special特别的；new新的。根据“They can...food or plant trees”可知这些都是小事情。故选A。
23．
句意：他们可以种植食物或种植树木。
borrow借入；buy买；grow成长。根据“food or plant trees”可知为了应对天气变化，可以自己种植食物。故选C。
24．
句意：Sagarika 有很大的计划。
changes变化；deals协议；plans计划。根据“She’d like to study at Stanford University”可知这是她的计划。故选C。
25．
句意：她也不会停止经营Kids for a Better World。
showing展示；running经营；helping帮助。根据“Kids for a Better World”可知她上了大学之后会继续经营这个平台。故选B。



（四）（2022·四川达州·中考真题）
We feel angry or guilty (内疚的) about the things we did or did not achieve, about the things we cannot have, and many other things. It seems that everyone carries their own bad emotions (情绪). But neither guilt ___21___ anger can help us. Over time, they can be heavy weights on our ___22___.
These bad emotions don’t do anything good for us ___23___. So you might ask yourself-is it possible to put down this heavy burden (负担) and give yourself a ___24___? It is quite possible. Start by actually looking at your feelings. How do they get inside of us? Why do we carry them for so long instead of putting them down? Can we live ___25___ them?
By thinking about our bad emotions, we can find healthy ways to ___26___ them. Unhealthy behaviors are not the way to do this. They provide no relief. Instead, there are better ways to handle them. One of the best ways is forgiveness (原谅).
Forgiveness is a powerful tool. We should forgive ___27___ first. We shouldn’t keep bad emotions inside. We must also forgive others who have made us guilty or angry. This is not always easy. But ___28___ we learn to forgive ourselves, it becomes easier to forgive others as well.
There is nothing good about carrying years of emotional burdens. By forgiving ourselves and others, we can put down our burdens and feel better about ourselves. ___29___ you do this, you will start to feel a lot lighter. Years of heaviness will be magically lifted! You’ll start to feel like you have more ___30___ and you’ll be much happier with your life.
21．A．or B．nor C．both D．and
22．A．shoulders B．hands C．legs D．arms
23．A．in all B．above all C．at all D．all in all
24．A．secret B．result C．pain D．break
25．A．without B．in C．for D．with
26．A．look after B．worry about C．deal with D．bring up
27．A．yourself B．ourselves C．themselves D．myself
28．A．unless B．although C．where D．when
29．A．As soon as B．As well as C．As often as D．As far as
30．A．pride B．difficulty C．energy D．knowledge
【答案】21．B
22．A
23．C
24．D
25．A
26．C
27．B
28．D
29．A
30．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要讲述了我们要摆脱坏情绪，放下负担，通过原谅自己和他人能让我们活得更开心。
21．
句意：但内疚和愤怒都帮不了我们。
or或者；nor也不；both两者都；and和。根据“But neither guilt...anger can help us.”可知，此处是neither...nor...结构，意为“既不……也不……”，故选B。
22．
句意：随着时间的推移，它们会成为我们肩上的重担。
shoulders肩膀；hands手；legs腿；arms胳膊。根据“Over time, they can be heavy weights on our...”可知，是肩上的重担，故选A。
23．
句意：这些坏情绪对我们没有任何好处。
in all总共；above all最重要的是；at all根本；all in all总而言之。根据“These bad emotions don’t do anything good for us...”可知，此处是not...at all短语，意为“根本不”，故选C。
24．
句意：所以你可能会问自己，有没有可能放下这个沉重的负担，让自己休息一下？
secret秘密；result结果；pain痛苦；break休息。根据“So you might ask yourself-is it possible to put down this heavy burden (负担) and give yourself a...?”可知，是放下负担，休息一下，故选D。
25．
句意：没有他们我们能活下去吗？
without没有；in在……中；for为了；with和。根据“Why do we carry them for so long instead of putting them down? Can we live...them?”可知，我们经常背负负担，所以问没有这些负担是否能活下去，故选A。
26．
句意：通过思考我们的坏情绪，我们可以找到健康的方法来处理它们。
look after照顾；worry about担心；deal with处理；bring up养大。根据“By thinking about our bad emotions, we can find healthy ways to...them.”可知，是处理这些坏情绪，故选C。
27．
句意：我们应该先原谅自己。
yourself你自己；ourselves我们自己；themselves他们自己；myself我自己。根据“We should forgive...first.”可知，主语是we，表示原谅我们自己，故选B。
28．
句意：但当我们学会原谅自己时，也就更容易原谅别人了。
unless除非；although虽然；where哪里；when何时。根据“But...we learn to forgive ourselves, it becomes easier to forgive others as well.”可知，当我们学会原谅自己时，原谅别人就更容易，用when引导时间状语从句，故选D。
29．
句意：一旦你这样做了，你会开始感到轻松很多。
As soon as一……就；As well as和……一样；As often as尽可能经常；As far as就……而言。根据“...you do this, you will start to feel a lot lighter.”可知，一旦这样做，就会感到轻松，用As soon as引导时间状语从句，故选A。
30．
句意：你会开始觉得你有更多的精力，你会对你的生活感到更快乐。
pride骄傲；difficulty困难；energy精力；knowledge知识。没有负担和压力，人就会更有精力，故选C。



（五）（2022·河北·中考真题）
Kevin is a special swimmer. He took risks to ___11___ in very cold places because he wanted people to pay attention to environmental problems.
As a boy, Kevin visited national parks and he learned the Earth is in ___12___ condition. He felt worried, and he wanted to ___13___ the Earth. In 2009, he went to swim in water near North Pole（北极）to draw people’s attention to the melting glaciers（融化的冰川）. Kevin said that the swim was so painful that it would be his ___14___ time swimming in cold water. In 2016, he heard about a lake in the Himalayas（喜马拉雅山脉）. It was formed by melting glaciers. He ___15___ to swim in cold water again. It was difficult to swim in the lake. The air was so ___16___ that it was hard to breathe. He told people about his experiences on TV. He wanted people to know that glaciers in the Himalayas are disappearing ___17___ global（全球的）warming and that there’s less water for people in nearby ___18___ like China, India, and Pakistan.
From Kevin’s story, we learn two ___19___ . We learn that people can do a lot of harm to the Earth without realizing it. Also, we learn that if we ___20___ the way we think, we can do something to protect our environment. With the new way of thinking in our minds, we can enjoy a bright future.
11．A．fly B．swim C．run D．skate
12．A．right B．safe C．poor D．natural
13．A．protect B．leave C．find D．share
14．A．last B．great C．free D．long
15．A．hated B．agreed C．learned D．decided
16．A．fresh B．thin C．clear D．cool
17．A．because of B．opposite to C．according to D．instead of
18．A．cities B．countries C．towns D．villages
19．A．choices B．reports C．reasons D．lessons
20．A．ask B．show C．change D．record
【答案】11．B
12．C
13．A
14．A
15．D
16．B
17．A
18．B
19．D
20．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文介绍凯文是一位特别的游泳者，他希望人们关注环境问题。
11．
句意：他冒险在非常寒冷的地方游泳，因为他希望人们关注环境问题。
fly飞；swim游泳；run跑步；skate滑冰。根据“Kevin is a special swimmer.”可知，是游泳，故选B。
12．
句意：作为一个男孩，凯文参观了国家公园，他了解到地球的状况很差。
right正确的；safe安全的；poor贫穷的，差的；natural自然的。根据“He felt worried”可知，地球状况不好，故选C。
13．
句意：他很担心，他想保护地球。
protect保护；leave离开；find发现；share分享。根据“He felt worried, and he wanted to...the Earth.”可知，他为地球担心，所以想保护地球，故选A。
14．
句意：凯文说这次游泳非常痛苦，这将是他最后一次在冷水中游泳。
last最后的；great很棒的；free自由的，免费的；long长的。根据“Kevin said that the swim was so painful”可知，很痛苦，不想再继续了，所以是最后一次，故选A。
15．
句意：他决定再次在冷水中游泳。
hated讨厌；agreed同意；learned学习；decided决定。根据“In 2016, he heard about a lake in the Himalayas. It was formed by melting glaciers. He...to swim in cold water again.”可知，由于喜马拉雅山脉的情况，他决定再次游泳，故选D。
16．
句意：空气稀薄得让人难以呼吸。
fresh新鲜的；thin稀薄的；clear清晰的；cool酷的。根据“it was hard to breathe”可知，空气很稀薄，故选B。
17．
句意：他想让人们知道，由于全球变暖，喜马拉雅山脉的冰川正在消失，而中国、印度和巴基斯坦等邻近国家的居民用水减少。
because of因为；opposite to相反；according to根据；instead of而不是。“global warming”是“glaciers in the Himalayas are disappearing”的原因，故选A。
18．
句意：他想让人们知道，由于全球变暖，喜马拉雅山脉的冰川正在消失，而中国、印度和巴基斯坦等邻近国家的居民用水减少。
cities城市；countries国家；towns小镇；villages乡村。根据“like China, India, and Pakistan”可知，是几个国家，故选B。
19．
句意：从凯文的故事中，我们学到了两个教训。
choices选择；reports报告；reasons原因；lessons课。根据“From Kevin’s story, we learn two...”和后文内容可知，学到了两个教训，故选D。
20．
句意：此外，我们知道，如果我们改变我们的思维方式，我们可以做一些事情来保护我们的环境。
ask请求；show展示；change改变；record记录。根据“Also, we learn that if we...the way we think, we can do something to protect our environment.”可知，改变自己的思维来保护环境，故选C。


（六）（2022·湖南怀化·中考真题）
I often hear some students say English is difficult, so they can’t learn it well. ___11___ English is very easy for me. I’m good ___12___ it. I’m very glad to tell you ___13___ about how I study English.
___14___, I think an interest in English is very important. When I was in Grade Three, we had a new ___15___ — English, it was new for me. I was interested in it. I worked hard at it. Soon we had an English exam and I got a very good mark. How ___16___ I was! After that, I learned English harder. Our English teacher often teaches us English songs, and ___17___ sound nice. I often think how interesting English is!
Second, I think English is a foreign language. I learn it well in the following ways: ___18___ to the teacher carefully, read aloud and have a good vocabulary. Then practice again and again, never be tired. When I have a ___19___, I often understand it by _____20_____ our English teacher.
11．A．And B．Or C．But
12．A．in B．for C．at
13．A．something B．anything C．nothing
14．A．First B．Second C．Third
15．A．class B．subject C．lesson
16．A．sad B．sorry C．happy
17．A．they B．it C．them
18．A．hear B．listen C．tell
19．A．idea B．suggestion C．question
20．A．asking B．answering C．replying
【答案】11．C
12．C
13．A
14．A
15．B
16．C
17．A
18．B
19．C
20．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要通过作者自己学习英语的经历介绍学好英语的方法。
11．
句意：但是对我而言英语却是很容易的。
And和；Or或者；But但是。根据上文“I often hear some students say English is difficult...”和下文“...English is very easy for me.”之间的逻辑关系可知，此处表示转折，应用but连接。故选C。
12．
句意：我擅长它。
in在……里；for为，为了；at在（某处）。根据句子结构可知，此处考查形容词短语be good at“擅长”。故选C。
13．
句意：我很乐意告诉你我是如何学好英语的。
something某事，某物；anything任何事物；nothing没有什么。something常用于肯定句，anything常用于疑问句和否定句。根据句子结构及“I’m very glad to tell you...”可知，此处表示肯定意义，应用something，指“某些东西”而不是“任何东西”。故选A。
14．
句意：首先，我认为对英语感兴趣很重要。
First首先，第一；Second第二；Third第三。根据句子结构可知，此处指first“首先”，表示叙述的顺序。故选A。
15．
句意：我读三年级的时候，我们有一个新的科目——英语。
class班级；subject科目；lesson课程。根据破折号后的“English”可知，此处指科目。故选B。
16．
句意：我感到多么的高兴啊！
sad难过；sorry对不起；happy高兴的。根据“Soon we had an English exam and I got a very good mark.”可知，此处指“我”因获得好成绩而感到高兴。故选C。
17．
句意：我们的英语老师经常教我们英文歌曲，而且他们听起来很动听。
they他们，她们，它们；it它；them他们，她们，它们。根据句子结构可知，此处缺少主语，应用人称代词主格they，指代上文中的“English songs”。故选A。
18．
句意：认真听老师……
hear听到；listen听；tell告诉。根据“to”和“the teacher”可知，此处考查动词短语listen to，to后接名词或代词作宾语。故选B。
19．
句意：当我遇到问题，我经常通过询问我们英语老师的办法来理解它。
idea主意；suggestion建议；question问题。根据动词“understand”可知，此处指问题。故选C。
20．
句意：当我遇到问题，我经常通过询问我们英语老师的办法来理解它。
asking问；answering问答；replying回复。根据句子结构可知，此处表示asking“询问”，后接“our English teacher”作宾语。故选A。


（七）（2022·江苏苏州·中考真题）
Like most children growing up in the countryside, Mike loved being outdoors and traveled around every inch of the area.
With a deep love of the land, he had a strong wish to __1__ it. When Mike saw rubbish floating in the rivers, he got __2__ . He knew he had to do something. While only in third grade, Mike started a group. Its purpose was to __3__ the countryside and teach other young people about pollution and its dangers.
But Mike faced a challenge. As he was __4__, he found it hard to speak out in public. However, with his mom’s help, Mike __5__ dealt with his fear. He said, “I took responsibility（责任）and did what needed to be done. When your heart is into it, __6__ will stop you.”
Mike worked hard to __7__ his idea to the public. He handed out leaflets and even appeared on radio and TV. His efforts paid off. He won __8__ from several thousand people. And his group collected and recycled more than 22,000 pounds of rubbish.
Now as a college student, Mike’s __9__ remains the same. He often says, “I want to create a ___10___ life for my kids and grandkids. It’s beautiful countryside, where I’m from, and I want my kids to see it like I see it.”
1．A．practise B．protect C．prepare D．provide
2．A．weak B．tired C．relaxed D．angry
3．A．clean up B．break into C．set up D．move into
4．A．shy B．sad C．proud D．polite
5．A．clearly B．carefully C．successfully D．traditionally
6．A．anything B．nothing C．something D．everything
7．A．accept B．change C．follow D．introduce
8．A．courage B．victory C．support D．reward
9．A．wish B．chance C．luck D．fear
10．A．busier B．harder C．better D．crazier
【答案】1．B
2．D
3．A
4．A
5．C
6．B
7．D
8．C
9．A
10．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了Mike保护环境的义举。
1．
句意：他深爱着这片土地，也有保护它的强烈愿望。
practise练习；protect保护；prepare准备；provide提供。根据“Its purpose was to…the countryside and teach other young people about pollution and its dangers”可知，产生了保护这片土地的愿望，故选B。
2．
句意：当迈克看到河里漂着垃圾时，他很生气。
weak虚弱的；tired疲惫的；relaxed放松的；angry生气的。根据“When Mike saw rubbish floating in the rivers”及“He knew he had to do something”可知，看到河里飘着垃圾感到很生气，所以决定要做些什么事情，故选D。
3．
句意：它的目的是清理农村，并教育其他年轻人污染及其危险。
clean up清理；break into闯入；set up设立；move into搬进。根据下文“And his group collected and recycled more than 22,000 pounds of rubbish”可知，目的是清理农村，让它变得干净，故选A。
4．
句意：由于他很害羞，他发现很难在公众面前发言。
shy害羞的；sad难过的；proud骄傲的；polite礼貌的。根据“he found it hard to speak out in public”可知，很害羞，不敢在公众面前发言，故选A。
5．
句意：然而，在妈妈的帮助下，迈克成功地解决了他的恐惧。
clearly清楚地；carefully仔细地；successfully成功地；traditionally传统地。根据“with his mom’s help, Mike … dealt with his fear”可知，在妈妈的帮助下，他成功地克服了恐惧，故选C。
6．
句意：当你全身心投入的时候，没有什么能阻止你。
anything任何事；nothing没什么；something某事；everything一切。根据“When your heart is into it, … will stop you”可知，这是一句激励的话语，全身心投入时，没什么能阻挡你，故选B。
7．
句意：迈克努力向公众介绍他的想法。
accept接受；change改变；follow跟随；introduce介绍。根据“his idea to the public”可知，把他保护环境的想法传播给大众，故选D。
8．
句意：他赢得了几千人的支持。
courage勇气；victory胜利；support支持；reward奖励。根据“He won… from several thousand people”可知，赢得了人们的支持，故选C。
9．
句意：现在，作为一名大学生，迈克的愿望并没有改变。
wish愿望；chance机会；luck幸运；fear害怕。根据前文“With a deep love of the land, he had a strong wish to… it”可知，保护环境的愿望从来没有改变，故选A。
10．
句意：我想为我的孩子和子孙创造更好的生活。
busier更忙的；harder更难的；better更好的；crazier更疯狂的。根据“I want to create a… life for my kids and grandkids”可知，为子孙后代创造更好的生活，故选C。



（八）（2022·陕西·中考真题）
Dear Museum Scientists,
My name is Yang Jingjing. ________ live by the sea, near a mangrove swamp (红树林沼泽地).
My mom is ________ tour guide. She knows a lot about the mangrove swamp. She loves ________ people the beautiful animals that live there. I am writing to you ________ I’m worried about what is happening near my home. The mangroves are home to many ________ such as birds, butterflies, snakes and so on. Down in the water under the trees are homes of fish and shrimp. The mangroves also protect us ________ wind, waves and floods (浪潮与水灾).
However, in the past few years, things ________ greatly. These changes bring lots of worries to more and more people. New neighborhoods (社区) ________ last year and the year before. It turned the place with mangroves into stores, houses, cinemas, restaurants and car parks. What is even ________, all these things are still going on! What will happen to the animals that live in the mangroves? I don’t know ________. How I wish we can find a way to live together with the mangroves and animals!
Sincerely yours,
Yang Jingjing
11．A．My B．Mine C．I D．Me
12．A．a B．an C．the D．/
13．A．show B．to show C．give D．to give
14．A．although B．before C．because D．unless
15．A．plant B．plants C．animal D．animals
16．A．from B．with C．about D．for
17．A．has changed B．have changed C．is changing D．are changing
18．A．build B．are built C．built D．were built
19．A．bad B．worse C．good D．better
20．A．what we can do B．what can we do C．how we can do D．how can we do
【答案】11．C
12．A
13．B
14．C
15．D
16．A
17．B
18．D
19．B
20．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要讲述了作者家附近有红树林沼泽地，但是最近几年，建造了很多的建筑物，导致红树林沼泽地在逐渐减少，作者希望能找到一个方法和红树林和动物和谐相处。
11．
句意：我住在海边，靠近红树林沼泽。
My我的，形容词性物主代词；Mine我的，名词性物主代词；I我，代词主格；Me我，代词宾格。此处表示“我”，作主语，用代词主格。故选C。
12．
句意：我妈妈是一名导游。
a一个，不定冠词，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，不定冠词，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词。此处泛指一个导游，tour以辅音音素开头，用a。故选A。
13．
句意：她喜欢向人们展示生活在那里的美丽动物。
show展示，动词原形；to show动词不定式；give给，动词原形；to give动词不定式。love to do sth.“喜欢做某事”，根据“people the beautiful animals”可知是向人们展示。故选B。
14．
句意：我给你写信是因为我担心我家附近发生的事情。
although虽然；before在……之前；because因为；unless除非。根据“I am writing to you...I’m worried about what is happening near my home”可知前后是因果关系，前果后因，用because引导。故选C。
15．
句意：红树林是许多动物的家园。
plant植物，名词原形；plants植物，名词复数；animal动物，名词单数；animals名词复数。根据“such as birds, butterflies, snakes and so on”可知这些都是动物，many后加名词复数。故选D。
16．
句意：红树林还保护我们免受风、浪和洪水的侵袭。
from来自；with和；about关于；for为了。protect...from“保护……免受”。故选A。
17．
句意：然而，在过去的几年里，情况发生了很大的变化。
has changed已经改变，现在完成时，主语是第三人称单数；have changed现在完成时，主语是名词复数；is changing现在进行时，主语是第三人称单数；are changing现在进行时，主语是名词复数。根据“in the past few years”可知句子使用现在完成时，主语是复数，助动词用have。故选B。
18．
句意：去年和前一年建造了新的社区。
build建造，动词原形；are built一般现在时的被动；built动词过去式或过去分词；were built一般过去时的被动。主语“New neighborhoods”和谓语之间是被动关系，根据“last year”可知此处用一般过去时的被动语态。故选D。
19．
句意：更糟糕的是，这一切还在继续！
bad坏的，形容词原形；worse更差，比较级；good好的，形容词原形；better更好，比较级。even后加比较级，且此处表示“更糟糕的是”。故选B。
20．
句意：我不知道我们能做什么。
what we can do我们能做什么，陈述语序；what can we do疑问语序；how we can do我们如何做，陈述语序；how can we do我们如何做，疑问语序。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除BD；do后缺少宾语，用what引导宾语从句。故选A。

【2021年】
A
（2021·山东菏泽市·中考真题）

Little Women is Louisa May Alcott’s most famous novel. The novel follows the 8 of the four March sisters-Meg, Jo, Beth and Amy-and is based on the writer’s own 9 of growing up with her three sisters during the American Civil War（1861-1865）.
The main theme in the story is the importance of 10 . Other themes include the need to work and self-improvement.
When the story begins the sisters are complaining because they are 11 and have to work. Their mother says that they mustn’t spend money on pleasure 12 there is a war and everybody must help. Their father is in the army. In the letters their father sends home, he tells his daughters to work hard and not to waste their time. They must try to 13 the bad things in their lives and stay cheerful. He wants to be proud of them when he comes home. The girls decide to make an effort to 14 themselves because they love and miss their father very much.
Alcott was interested in women’s rights and through the four March sisters, she explored （探索）four different 15 of being a woman in those days. Meg leaves the family to get 16 and have a new family. Beth devotes （致力于）herself to 17 her own family. Amy focuses on herself and her own pleasure. And Jo, like Alcott herself, tries to have a career in writing and care for her family at the same time.
8．A．rules B．lives C．secrets
9．A．experiences B．expressions C．directions
10．A．friendship B．work C．family
11．A．poor B．rich C．clever
12．A．so B．because C．if
13．A．sell B．find C．accept
14．A．improve B．serve C．imagine
15．A．maps B．ways C．circles
16．A．dressed B．lost C．married
17．A．looking after B．looking for C．asking for
【答案】
8．B
9．A
10．C
11．A
12．B
13．C
14．A
15．B
16．C
17．A
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍《小妇人》这本书的内容。
8．句意：小说讲述了马奇家四个姐妹——梅格、乔、贝丝和艾米的生活，基于作者和三个姐妹在美国内战(1861-1865)期间的成长经历。rules规则；lives生活；secrets秘密。根据“The novel follows the…of the four March sisters”和常识可知，这本书讲述四个姐妹的生活，故选B。
9．句意：小说讲述了马奇家四个姐妹——梅格、乔、贝丝和艾米的生活，基于作者和三个姐妹在美国内战(1861-1865)期间的成长经历。experiences经历；expressions表达；directions方向。根据“and is based on the writer’s own…of growing up with her three sisters during the American Civil War（1861-1865）”可知，小说讲述了四个姐妹的成长经历，故选A。
10．句意：这个故事的主题是家庭的重要性。friendship友谊；work工作；family家庭。根据常识可知，《小妇人》这本书的主要主题是“家庭”，故选C。
11．句意：当故事开始的时候，姐妹们在抱怨，因为她们很穷，不得不工作。poor贫穷的；rich富有的；clever聪明的。根据“have to work”可知，因为穷，所以不得不工作，故选A。
12．句意：她们的母亲说，她们不应该把钱花在娱乐上，因为有战争，每个人都必须帮助。so所以；because因为；if如果。“there is a war”是“they mustn’t spend money on pleasure”的原因，用because引导原因状语从句，故选B。
13．句意：她们必须努力接受生活中不好的事情，保持快乐。sell卖；find发现；accept接受。根据“They must try to…the bad things”可知，生活在战争时代，必须接受生活中不好的事情，故选C。
14．句意：女孩们决定努力提高自己，因为她们非常爱和想念她们的父亲。improve改善，提高；serve服务；imagine想象。根据“The girls decide to make an effort to…themselves because they love and miss their father very much.”可知，女孩们决定努力提高自己，故选A。
15．句意：奥尔科特对妇女权利很感兴趣，通过马奇四姐妹，她探索了在那个年代做女人的四种不同方式。
maps地图；ways方法，方式；circles圈，循环。根据后文介绍可知，四姐妹有四种生活方式，故选B。
16．句意：梅格离开家去结婚，组建了一个新家庭。dressed穿衣；lost失去；married结婚。根据“have a new family”可知，结了婚有了新的家庭，故选C。
17．句意：贝丝致力于照顾自己的家庭。looking after照顾；looking for寻找；asking for请求。根据“Beth devotes （致力于）herself to…her own family. ”可知，贝丝尽力照顾家庭，故选A。


B
（2021·江苏南京市·中考真题）
What does the word ecology mean? It was 18 by Ernst Haeckel, a German biologist. He joined two Greek words: oikos, meaning “house”, and logie, meaning “the study of”. Together they mean “the study of the house”. The “house” Haeckel had in mind is our 19 , Earth. Earth is home for all living things—humans, animals, plants, and even tiny microbes.
To study a house is to learn how its residents（居民）use it. An ecologist is a scientist who studies the 20 between organisms （生物）and their environment. The environment is an organism’s surroundings. It may 21 water, gases, rocks, and temperature.
Ecologists also study the balance of using the environment while protecting it.
An ecologist once asked a boy 22 he thought it meant to protect the environment.
The boy said, “You go into the forest and look for somebody who wants to cut down a tree. You take away his axe. You tell him about how 23 trees are. You say they are good for natural beauty, saving soil, and giving shelter to birds and other animals. ”
“ Good answer,” said the ecologist, “ 24 it may not be easy to find a woodcutter to talk to. Also, remember that sometimes it’s 25 to cut down a tree. If we cut down too many trees, the forest will disappear. If we don’t cut down any trees, we won’t get any resources from the forest. We have to find the right 26 . ”
“I get it,” the boy said. “We need the forest’s 27 for wood and paper or we might not have desks or notebooks for school.”
“Exactly—and school is a good place to learn about ecology,” added the ecologist. “Then you will know how to protect the natural environment.”
18．A．proved B．invented C．marked D．accepted
19．A．planet B．building C．project D．surface
20．A．feeling B．relationships C．distance D．competitions
21．A．pollute B．control C．include D．reduce
22．A．who B．whose C．why D．what
23．A．wild B．common C．wealthy D．important
24．A．but B．and C．so D．or
25．A．comfortable B．tiring C．impossible D．necessary
26．A．mystery B．temperature C．balance D．symbol
27．A．soil B．resources C．landscape D．wildlife
【答案】
18．B
19．A
20．B
21．C
22．D
23．D
24．A
25．D
26．C
27．B
【分析】
本文介绍了单词“ecology”的来源，生态学家主要研究生物与其环境之间关系以及在保护环境的同时利用环境的平衡。
18．句意：它是由德国生物学家恩斯特·海克尔发明的。proved证明；invented发明；marked标记；accepted接受。根据“He joined two Greek words...”可知，“ecology”是由德国生物学家恩斯特·海克尔发明的。故选B。
19．句意：海克尔心目中的“房子”是我们的行星，地球。planet行星；building房子；project项目；surface表面。根据空后的“Earth”可知，地球是行星。故选A。
20．句意：生态学家是研究生物与其环境之间关系的科学家。feeling感觉；relationships关系；distance距离；competitions比赛。根据“between organisms and their environment.”以及常识可知，生态学家是研究生物与其环境之间关系的科学家。故选B。
21．句意：它可能包括水、气体、岩石和温度。pollute污染；control控制；include包括；reduce减少。根据“The environment is an organism’s surroundings.”可知，环境有机体的环境，可能包括水、气体、岩石和温度。故选C。
22．句意：一位生态学家曾经问一个男孩，他认为这对保护环境意味着什么。who谁；whose谁的；why为什么；what什么。此处为生态学家问男孩认为是什么，应用what。故选D。
23．句意：你告诉他树有多重要。wild野外的；common普遍的；wealthy富有的；important重要的。根据“You say they are good for natural beauty, saving soil, and giving shelter to birds and other animals.”可知，此处是指告诉他树木的重要性。故选D。
24．句意：但要找一个樵夫谈话可能并不容易。but但是；and并且；so所以；or或者。根据“Good answer”以及“it may not be easy to find a woodcutter to talk to”可知，此处表示转折关系，应用连词but。故选A。
25．句意：另外，请记住，有时有必要砍倒一棵树。comfortable舒服的；tiring累的；impossible不可能的；necessary必要的。根据“If we don’t cut down any trees, we won’t get any resources from the forest.”可知，有时候砍树也是必要的。故选D。
26．句意：我们必须找到正确的平衡。mystery秘密；temperature温度；balance平衡；symbol标志。根据“If we cut down too many trees, the forest will disappear. If we don’t cut down any trees, we won’t get any resources from the forest.”可知，我们必须在不能砍太多树和不砍树之间找到平衡。故选C。
27．句意：我们需要森林的木材和纸张资源，否则我们可能没有课桌或笔记本供学校使用。soil土壤；resources资源；landscape风景；wildlife野生动物。根据“If we don’t cut down any trees, we won’t get any resources from the forest.”以及“We need the forest’s...for wood and paper or we might not have desks or notebooks for school.”可知，我们需要森林的资源。故选B。


C
（2021·四川广安市·中考真题）
It is said that Chinese people are the most friendly in the world. When foreign people visit a Chinese family, the Chinese family will shake hands with them. As 43 the foreign people will be surprised at the warmth that they 44 . When you visit Chinese family, the host often makes tea for you and gets you biscuits or candies. They will also chat with you, and you will never feel lonely.
At the same time, they will be busy 45 meal for you. Chinese people often offer 46 guests a big meal. They always prepare 47 more food than the guests can eat. On the table, the guests must be the first to eat. One of the most surprising things 48 that the Chinese host likes to pick food for guests. The Chinese family try to make you at home. When you finish eating, the host 49 says, “It seems that you didn’t eat much, Please have more.” You tell them you have been full. 50 they will still put more food in your bowl.
Being warm is an important part of Chinese culture. Confucius said in 51 years ago, “To meet friends from a place far away, how 52 we are!” Haha. I think you should remember it.
43．A．passengers B．customers C．hosts D．guests
44．A．receive B．accept C．hear D．discuss
45．A．to prepare B．preparing C．to pay D．paying
46．A．her B．their C．his D．our
47．A．very B．a lot of C．a lot D．many
48．A．are B．is C．was D．were
49．A．suddenly B．never C．usually D．finally
50．A．because B．but C．if D．while
51．A．two thousands B．two thousand of C．thousand of D．thousands of
52．A．sad B．interested C．bored D．happy
【答案】
43．D
44．A
45．B
46．B
47．C
48．B
49．C
50．B
51．D
52．D
【分析】
文章介绍了外国人在中国家庭做客时，受到的中国家庭的热情款待的情况，最后用“有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎！”点明中国人的好客之道。
43．句意：作为客人，外国人会对他们所受到的热情感到惊讶。passengers乘客；customers顾客；hosts主人；guests客人；根据“When foreign people visit a Chinese family, the Chinese family will shake hands with them.”可知，外国人拜访中国的家庭，外国人应该是客人，故选D。
44．句意：作为客人，外国人会对他们所受到的热情感到惊讶。receive收到；accept接受；hear听；discuss讨论；根据“When you visit Chinese family, the host often makes tea for you and gets you biscuits or candies. They will also chat with you, and you will never feel lonely.”以及下文的介绍可知，这是外国人受到的款待，故选A。
45．句意：同时，他们会忙着为你准备饭菜。to prepare准备，不定式形式；preparing准备，现在分词或动名词；to pay支付，不定式；paying支付，现在分词或动名词；根据“meal for you”可知，此处说的是忙着准备饭菜，be busy doing sth“忙于做某事”，故选B。
46．句意：中国人经常给客人提供大餐。her她的；their他们的；his他的；our我们的；主语是Chinese people，是复数名词，此处应用第三人称their代替，故选B。
47．句意：他们准备的食物总是比客人吃的多得多。very非常；a lot of 许多，修饰复数名词或不可数名词；a lot许多，修饰比较级；many许多，修饰复数名词；此处是修饰比较级的词，应用a lot，故选C。
48．句意：最令人惊讶的事情之一是，中国主人喜欢为客人夹菜。are是，be动词复数形式；is是，be动词单数形式；was是，be动词过去式；were是，be动词过去式；one of...连接的主语，谓语动词要用单数形式，此处是陈述事实用一般现在时，故选B。
49．句意：当你吃完后，主人通常会说：“你好像没吃多少，请多吃点。”suddenly突然；never从不；usually通常；finally最后；根据“It seems that you didn’t eat much, Please have more.”及常识可知，这是中国人通常劝吃的说法，故选C。
50．句意：但他们还是会在你的碗里放更多的食物。because因为；but但是；if如果；while当……时；空格前后句之间是转折关系，应用but连接，故选B。
51．句意：温暖是中国文化的重要组成部分。two thousands错误形式；two thousand of错误形式；thousand of错误形式；thousands of数千；thousand表示概数时，要加s，其后要有of，故选D。
52．句意：有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎！sad伤心的；interested感兴趣的；bored无聊的；happy开心的；根据句意可知，此处表达的是开心的，故选D。
D
（2021·湖南岳阳市·中考真题）

We all need food. But when you can’t finish your meal, how do you 53 ? You might think that wasting 54 food isn’t a big deal. The truth is that people in China waste 35 million tons of food each year. It’s nearly one third of food waste in the world. As we all know, food waste becomes a 55 problem in China.
In order to 56 food waste, the government has started the “Clean Plate Campaign (运动）”. Especially in restaurants, we can see 57 of the “Clean Plate” on the wall. Many restaurants remind their customers that they shouldn’t 58 too much food. According to the law passed in April, 2021, if the restaurants always mislead (误导）customers to order too many dishes, they will face a fine (罚款). Restaurants in Wuhan have begun the N-l system, which means groups of customers are supposed to order one fewer dish than the number of people in the group. For example, a group of 7 people can order 59 dishes at most. Most restaurants provide customers with free packing boxes (打包盒), and customers can use 60 to take the leftovers (剩饭剩菜）home.
Today, more and more people start to realize the importance of 61 food. Everyone should play a part in the “Clean Plate Campaign” and say 62 to food waste.
53．A．smell B．taste C．feel
54．A．a little B．too many C．much too
55．A．different B．serious C．safe
56．A．cut up B．cut down C．cut into
57．A．signs B．clocks C．tickets
58．A．mix B．cook C．order
59．A．6 B．7 C．8
60．A．them B．us C．you
61．A．wasting B．saving C．eating
62．A．yes B．no C．sorry
【答案】
53．C
54．A
55．B
56．B
57．A
58．C
59．A
60．A
61．B
62．B
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍食物浪费的现状，呼吁我们参加“光盘行动”，节约粮食，对浪费说“不”。
53．句意：但是当你不能吃完饭的时候，你会有什么感觉？smell闻；taste品尝；feel感觉。分析“But when you can’t finish your meal, how do you…?”可知，此处指吃不完食物的感受，故选C。
54．句意：你可能认为浪费一点食物没什么大不了的。a little一点；too many太多；much too太。根据“You might think that wasting…food isn’t a big deal.”可知，此处修饰不可数名词，故选A。
55．句意：众所周知，食物浪费在中国已经成为一个严重的问题。different不同的；serious严重的；safe安全的。根据“It’s nearly one third of food waste in the world.”可知，中国占了世界食物浪费的三分之一，所以问题很严重，故选B。
56．句意：为了减少食物浪费，政府开始了“光盘行动”。cut up切碎；cut down削减；cut into打断。根据“the government has started the ‘Clean Plate Campaign (运动）’”可知，应该是为了减少浪费，故选B。
57．句意：特别是在餐馆，我们可以看到“光盘行动”的标志在墙上。signs标志；clocks钟表；tickets票。根据“the ‘Clean Plate’ on the wall”可知，墙上的是标志，故选A。
58．句意：许多餐馆提醒他们的顾客不要点太多的食物。mix混合；cook做饭；order点单，命令。根据“Many restaurants remind their customers that they shouldn’t…too much food.”可知，餐馆建议顾客不要点太多食物，故选C。
59．句意：例如，7人一组最多可以点6道菜。6六；7七；8八。根据“Restaurants in Wuhan have begun the N-l system, which means groups of customers are supposed to order one fewer dish than the number of people in the group.”可知，武汉的一些餐馆已经开始实行N-l制，这意味着一群顾客应该比他们的人数少点一道菜。所以七个人点六道菜，故选A。
60．句意：大多数餐馆都为顾客提供免费的打包盒，顾客可以用它们把剩菜打包回家。them它们；us我们；you你，你们。此处指“packing boxes”，用them代替，故选A。
61．句意：今天，越来越多的人开始意识到节约粮食的重要性。wasting浪费；saving节约；eating吃。根据“Today, more and more people start to realize the importance of…food.”可知，是节约粮食的重要性，故选B。
62．句意：每个人都应该参与“光盘行动”，对食物浪费说不。yes是；no不；sorry抱歉。根据“say…to food waste”可知，是对食物浪费说“不”，故选B。

E
（2021·四川达州市·中考真题）

Ping-pong, or table tennis is very popular in China. It might seem like an ordinary game to play with friends or family. 73 it holds a special place in China-US relations, as it has helped both countries get along for the last 50 years. This has 74 “ping-pong diplomacy (乒乓外交)”.
Judy Hoarfrost was just 15 years old when she 75 from the US to China as part of a nine-member table tennis team. The year was 1971, and for the previous (之前的) 20 years, relations between China and the US had been 76 . 
But as the team 77 around China, things started warming up. Hoarfrost even got to meet then-Premier Zhou Enlai. “The most memorable moment was that Zhou was shaking hands 78 me and looking into my eyes,” Hoarfrost told China Daily. “You have opened a new page in Sino-US relationships,” Zhou told the team.
Players from both countries believed strongly in the idea of 79 first, competition second. To this day, many of them remain friends. Hoarfrost thinks we should remember ping-pong diplomacy 80 understand the importance of people-to-people exchanges in establishing bonds, human bonds between peoples.
In the years that followed the historical visit, US president Richard Nixon (尼克松) made a landmark (里程碑) visit to China in 1972. Diplomatic relations 81 the US and China were fully established (建立) in 1979. 
Seeing tension (紧张局面) between two of the world’s biggest powers in recent years, Hoarfrost said China and the US 82 work together. “We have so much in common and we should improve our relations,” she added.
73．A．And B．So C．But D．Since
74．A．been calling B．been called C．called D．calling
75．A．was absent B．was come C．was heard D．was sent
76．A．unfriendly B．friends C．friendly D．sweet
77．A．looked B．toured C．showed D．turned
78．A．in B．by C．to D．with
79．A．friendship B．study C．safety D．winning
80．A．so that B．in order that C．in order to D．because of
81．A．in B．between C．for D．among
82．A．can B．must C．may D．should
【答案】
73．C
74．B
75．D
76．A
77．B
78．D
79．A
80．C
81．B
82．B
【分析】
本文主要介绍了乒乓球对中美两国关系的影响。
73．句意：但它在中美关系中占有特殊地位，因为它帮助两国在过去50年里和睦相处。And和；So所以；But但是；Since自从。“Ping-pong, or table tennis is very popular in China. It might seem like an ordinary game to play with friends or family”与“it holds a special place in China-US relations”在句意上是转折关系，故选C。
74．句意：这被称为“乒乓外交”。has been calling现在完成进行时；has been called现在完成时的被动语态；called动词过去式；calling现在分词/动名词。主语this与动词call之间是被动关系，根据“has”可知，此空应填现在完成时被动语态has been done的结构，故选B。
75．句意：当Judy Hoarfrost作为9人乒乓球队的一员从美国被派到中国时，她只有15岁。was absent from缺席的；was come from错误结构；was heard from被听说；was sent from被派送。根据“from the US to China”可知，此处指被派送到中国，故选D。
76．句意：在过去的20年里，中美关系一直不友好。unfriendly不友好的；friends朋友；friendly友好的；sweet甜蜜的。根据“But as the team…around China, things started warming up”可知，之前关系不是很友好，之后发生了改变，故选A。
77．句意：但随着团队在中国的巡回比赛，情况开始好转。looked看；toured巡回演出；showed展示；turned转向。根据“Judy Hoarfrost was just 15 years old when she …from the US to China as part of a nine-member table tennis team”可知，他们来中国的目的是为了巡回比赛，故选B。
78．句意：最难忘的时刻是，周恩来和我握手，看着我的眼睛。in在……里；by通过；to到；with与……一起。根据“shaking hands…me”可知，是跟我握手，shake hands with sb.表示“和某人握手”，固定短语。故选D。
79．句意：两国的运动员都坚信友谊第一，比赛第二的理念。friendship友谊；study研究；safety安全；winning赢。根据“To this day, many of them remain friends”可知，友谊第一，比赛第二，故选A。
80．句意：Hoarfrost认为，我们应该牢记乒乓外交，以了解人文交流对建立人与人之间的纽带的重要性。
so that以便于；in order that以便于；in order to为了；because of因为。固定搭配：in order to do sth“为了做某事”，故选C。
81．句意：中美两国于1979年全面建立外交关系。in在……里；between在……之间（两者）；for为了；among在……之间（三者或三者以上）。固定搭配：between…and“在……之间”，故选B。
82．句意：Hoarfrost表示，中国和美国必须共同努力。can能够；must必须；may可能；should应该。根据“We have so much in common and we should improve our relations”可知，她坚定地认为两国必须共同努力，故选B。


F
（2021·四川南充市·中考真题）
Yuan Longping a Chinese scientist and educator, died at the age of 91 in Hunan last month. He was called the “Father of Hybrid Rice（杂交水稻）”and he helped 103 people around the world.
Yuan Longping was the first person to develop a kind of hybrid rice which helped fight 104 in China. Food was a big problem in China in the past. This was because China had 22 percent of the world’s population, but only 7 percent of its 105 . In the 1960s, Chinese people had a difficult time. Millions of people died because they had no food. As an agronomy teacher, Yuan was very 106 to see this. “How can I help them have enough food?” he thought. He decided to work on a kind of hybrid rice. It has a high output（产量）.
At that time, other scientists didn’t think hybrid rice was worth 107 . But Yuan and his team worked on it every day. They took very good care of their rice seeds.
At last, in 1973, they grew a new kind of hybrid rice. This rice is 108 . Farmers can grow it in many different kinds of farmland and in bad 109 . It can also fight disease. Its output was much 110 than common kinds of rice. With the new kind, about 70,000,000 people could have food every year!
Yuan solved the food problem in China. But he was 111 working on rice when he was very old. Before he retired, he hoped to grow rice in the sea!
Yuan once said he had two dreams—to “enjoy the 112 under the rice crops（庄稼）taller than men” and that hybrid rice could be grown all over the world to help solve the global food problem.
103．A．support B．guard C．feed D．educate
104．A．flood B．hunger C．earthquake D．nature
105．A．farmland B．mountains C．grassland D．forests
106．A．angry B．interested C．hopeful D．sad
107．A．discussing B．studying C．eating D．reporting
108．A．expensive B．new C．healthy D．strong
109．A．sea B．villages C．weather D．gardens
110．A．greater B．smaller C．less D．slower
111．A．still B．again C．hardly D．even
112．A．heat B．cool C．wealth D．fame
【答案】
103．C
104．B
105．A
106．D
107．B
108．D
109．C
110．A
111．A
112．B
【分析】
本文主要介绍了“杂交水稻之父”——袁隆平在农业上对国家和人民做出的贡献。
103．句意：他被称为“杂交水稻之父”，他帮助养活了世界各地的人们。support支持；guard守卫；feed喂养；educate教育。根据常识，他发明的杂交水稻，养活了许多人，避免了饥饿的问题，故选C。
104．句意：袁隆平是第一个培育杂交水稻的人，这种杂交水稻帮助中国对抗饥饿。flood洪水；hunger饥饿；earthquake地震；nature自然。根据“develop a kind of hybrid rice”可知，这种食物是可以抵抗饥饿，故选B。
105．句意：但只有7%的农田。farmland农田；mountains山；grassland草原；forests森林。根据“Food was a big problem in China in the past”及“This was because China had 22 percent of the world’s population”可知，在过去中国食物是一个大问题，人口多，农田少，故选A。
106．句意：作为一名农学教师，袁隆平看到这一幕非常难过。angry生气的；interested感兴趣的；hopeful有希望的；sad难过的。根据“Millions of people died because they had no food”可知，看到这么多人死于饥饿，他感到难过，故选D。
107．句意：当时，其他科学家认为杂交水稻不值得研究。discussing讨论；studying研究；eating吃；reporting报告。根据“But Yuan and his team worked on it every day”可知，其他人觉得不值得研究，而袁隆平每天和团队每天都在研究，故选B。
108．句意：这种水稻很坚强的。expensive昂贵的；new新的；healthy健康的；strong坚强的。根据“Farmers can grow it in many different kinds of farmland ”可知，这种水稻生命力很顽强，故选D。
109．句意：农民可以在许多不同种类的农田和恶劣的天气中种植它。sea大海；villages村庄；weather天气；gardens花园。根据“in bad”可知，此处指在恶劣的天气中，故选C。
110．句意：它的产量远远高于普通品种的水稻。greater更大的；smaller更小的；less更少的；slower更慢的。根据“With the new kind, about 70,000,000 people could have food every year”可知，它的产量比普通的水稻要大的多，故选A。
111．句意：但当他很老的时候，他还在从事研究水稻的工作。still仍然；again再；hardly几乎不；even甚至。根据“Yuan solved the food problem in China”及“But”可知，虽然他已经解决了食物问题，但他还仍然在做研究水稻的工作，故选A。
112．句意：袁隆平曾有两个梦想——享受比人高的稻谷下的清凉。heat高温；cool凉快；wealth财富；fame名声。根据“under the rice crops（庄稼）taller than men”可知，在高高的稻谷下享受清凉，故选B。


G
（2021·山东潍坊市·中考真题）

Space suits don’t just make astronauts look cool. Without these 118 suits, astronauts wouldn’t be able to leave their spaceship. That is to say, they wouldn’t be able to 119 on the Moon or work outside the International Space Station.
Space is a 120 place for human beings. Firstly, there is no air to breathe. Secondly, space also has high levels of radiation(辐射), energy that can pass through our bodies and make us 121 . Thirdly, some parts of space are really cold 122 other parts are very hot. So astronauts could die in just a few seconds if they 123 outside their spaceship without their suits. With a space suit, though, astronauts can move around in space for several hours.
Space suits keep astronauts 124 sealed(密封的) inside. A backpack sends O2 in to let astronauts breathe normally. At the same time, the CO2 125 astronauts breathe out is sucked away. The suit also protects them from harmful radiation and fast-moving space dust. 126 the space suit is another suit that looks like a pair of tight pajamas(睡衣) with little pipes running through them. Water runs through these pipes to 127 astronauts because wearing a space suit can make astronauts very hot!
118．A．private B．special C．plastic D．expensive
119．A．run B．walk C．live D．surf
120．A．funny B．natural C．beautiful D．dangerous
121．A．sick B．bored C．strong D．relaxed
122．A．after B．since C．before D．while
123．A．rushed B．jumped C．stepped D．escaped
124．A．safely B．quickly C．quietly D．terribly
125．A．who B．this C．that D．whether
126．A．Above B．Under C．Behind D．Between
127．A．wash away B．warm up C．cool off D．clean out
【答案】
118．B
119．B
120．D
121．A
122．D
123．C
124．A
125．C
126．B
127．C
【分析】
本文主要介绍了宇航服对宇航员的作用以及它的构造。
118．句意：没有这些特殊的宇航服，宇航员就不能离开他们的宇宙飞船。private私人的；special特别的；plastic塑料的；expensive昂贵的。根据“astronauts wouldn’t be able to leave their spaceship”可知，这些特别的宇航服能让宇航员成功地离开飞船，故选B。
119．句意：也就是说，他们不能在月球上行走，也不能在国际空间站之外工作。run跑步；walk行走；live居住；surf冲浪。根据“they wouldn’t be able to … on the Moon”及常识，可知，此处是指宇航员在月球上行走，故选B。
120．句意：太空对人类来说是一个危险的地方。funny搞笑的；natural自然的；beautiful漂亮的；dangerous危险的。根据“Firstly, there is no air to breathe. Secondly, space also has high levels of radiation”可知，太空是危险的地方，故选D。
121．句意：能量可以通过我们的身体，使我们生病。sick病态的；bored无聊的；strong强壮的；relaxed放松的。根据“Secondly, space also has high levels of radiation”可知，这些辐射能让人们生病，故选A。
122．句意：第三，太空的一些部分很冷，而其他部分很热。after在……之后；since自从；before在……之前；while然而。根据“some parts of space are really cold”及“other parts are very hot”可知，这是将两部分进行对比，一些部分很冷，而其他部分很热，故选D。
123．句意：因此，如果宇航员不穿宇航服走出飞船，他们可能会在几秒钟内死亡。rushed冲出；jumped跳跃；stepped行走；excaped逃跑。根据“they …outside their spaceship without their suits.”可知，不穿宇航服就在飞船外行走会有生命危险，故选C。
124．句意：太空服将宇航员安全地密封在里面。safely安全地；quickly快速地；quietly安静地；terribly糟糕地。根据“let astronauts breathe normally”可知，这种衣服会让他们安全地待在里面，故选A。
125．句意：与此同时，宇航员呼出的二氧化碳也被吸走了。who谁；this这个；that引导定语从句；whether是否。此处是定语从句，先行词CO2指物，在从句中作宾语，用that引导定语从句，故选C。
126．句意：宇航服下面还有一套看起来像紧身睡衣的宇航服，里面有小管子。above在……之上；under在……之下；behind在……之后；between在……之间。根据常识，宇航服有很多层，在下面的一层是看起来像睡衣一样的宇航服，故选B。
127．句意：水通过这些管道给宇航员降温，因为穿宇航服会让宇航员很热。wash away冲走；warm up热身；cool off冷却；clean out清除。根据“because wearing a space suit can make astronauts very hot”可知，这个可以让宇航员降温，故选C。


【2020年】
（一）【2020 •黑龙江绥化市 】
二、完形填空
Should I Be Allowed to Make My Own Decisions?
Many teenagers have hobbies. But sometimes these can ___25___ the way of their schoolwork, and parents might worry about their success at school. Teenagers often think they should ___26___ to practice their hobbies as much as they want. Do you agree?
Liu Yu, a ___27___ boy from Shandong, is a running star. He is ___28___ his school team and has always wanted to be a professional runner when he grows up. However, his parents won't allow him to train so much. "Of course we want to see him ___29___ his dreams," says Mr. Liu. "My wife and I have supported ___30___ of his races. We have nothing against ___31___ ! But we think our son needs to think about other possible jobs. He's getting older now, so he needs to think about what ___32___ if he doesn't end up as a professional runner."
Liu Yu doesn't ___33___ agree. "Well, I think they should allow me to decide for myself." He says. "My parents have always told me how important it is to work hard at school and enter university. I understand this, but I'm serious about running. It's the only thing ___34___ I've ever wanted to do."
His parents believe that he needs to spend more time on his homework because it is difficult to become a professional sports star. But Liu Yu still disagrees. "I know my parents care about me. But I think I should make this choice myself. Only then will I have a chance to achieve my dream."
25. A. get on B. get in C. get up
26. A. allow B. allowed C. be allowed
27. A. fifteen-years-old B. fifteen years old C. fifteen-year-old
28. A. on B. at C. for
29. A. achieves B. achieve C. to achieve
30. A. every one B. everyone C. every
31. A. run B. running C. to run
32. A. happens B. happened C. will happen
33. A. really B. very C. real
34. A. which B. / C. who
这是一篇议论文，文章以刘宇和他的父母对待成为职业跑步运动员有着不同的观点和原因为例，来讨论青少年是否应该被允许自己做决定。
25.B【解析】句意：但有时这些会妨碍他们的学业，父母可能会担心他们在学校的成功。get on上车；get in the way妨碍，阻碍；get up起床。根据题干中“parents might worry about their success at school”可推出有时爱好会对学业不利，结合空后“the way”可故要用get in the way表示“阻碍，妨碍”。故选B。
26.C【解析】句意：青少年经常认为他们应该被允许尽可能多地练习他们的业余爱好。allow允许。allow动词原形；allowed动词的过去式或过去分词；be allowed被动语态。should后接动词原形，主语they和动词allow之间是动宾关系，此处用被动语态。故选C。
27.C【解析】句意：刘宇，一个来自山东15岁男孩，是一个跑步明星。fifteen-years-old错误搭配；fifteen years old 15岁，在句中作表语；fifteen-year-old 15岁，在句中作定语。根据题干中“a ____ boy”可知boy前缺少定语，用fifteen-year-old符合题意。故选C。
28.A【解析】句意：他是校队的一员，一直想长大后成为一名职业跑步运动员。on为（某团体或组织）的一员；at在……；for为了。根据空后“his school team”可知此处是说他是校足球队的一员，用介词on符合题意。故选A。
29.B【解析】句意：刘先生说：我们当然希望看到他实现自己的梦想。achieve实现。achieves动词的第三人称单数形式；achieve动词原形；to achieve动词的不定式。根据题干中“see him ____ his dream”可知此处用see sb. do sth.表示“看见某人做某事”，此处用动词原形。故选B。
30.A【解析】句意：我和我的妻子支持他的每一场比赛。every one每个；everyone每个人，不定代词；every每个的，形容词。根据题干中“____ of his races”可知此处是指他比赛的每一场，B项意义不符，C项形容词不能与of连用，用every one符合题意。故选A。
31.B【解析】句意：我们没有理由反对跑步！run跑步。run动词原形；running动名词或动词的现在分词；to run动词不定式。介词against后接动名词。故选B。
32.C【解析】句意：他现在年纪越来越大，所以他需要考虑如果他没有成为一名职业跑步运动员会发生什么。
happen发生。happens动词的第三人称单数；happened动词的过去式；will happen一般将来时。what后的句子是个宾语从句，根据题干中“needs”可知主句用一般现在时，从句时态根据具体需要来定；结合题干中“what ____ if he doesn't end up as a professional runner”可知宾语从句本身是含有if引导的条件状语从句的主从复合句，遵循主将从现原则，主句用一般将来时。故选C。
33.A【解析】句意：刘宇不太同意。really真正地，副词；very非常，副词；real真实的，形容词。根据题干可知此处要用副词修饰动词agree，very不能修饰动词，用really符合题意。故选A。
34.B【解析】句意：这是我唯一想做的事。which先行词是物，且在从句中作主语、宾语或表语；/ 不填；who先行词是人，且在从句中作主语。分析句子结构可知此处缺少定语从句关系词，题中先行词“thing”指物，排除C，其前有the only修饰，关系代词不能用which，可用that，在从句中充当宾语，可以省略不填。故选B。

（二）【2020 •昆明市】
从A、B、C三个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳答案。
Do you know what "paying it forward" means? It's not paying for something before you buy it, " Paying it forward" is to do something nice for another person for no ___16___. Then that person does something nice for someone else.
You may think this doesn't seem like much. But this nice act can spread quite ___17___.
One day in December 2015, a woman was buying a meal at McDonald's in Florida, US. She also ___18___ a meal for the person standing in line behind her. That person did the same thing, and the next person did it, ___19___ . Soon, 250 people had done another person the act of ___20___!
But you ___21___spend money to pay for it forward. There are examples of paying it forward every day like volunteering, giving food to ___22___ or doing something nice for someone around you.
Try it out for ___23___. All you have to do is look for ___24___things that you could do make someone happy. Then, ask them to spread the word and do three kind things for someone else. And when someone does something nice for you, don't ____25____ to do the same.
16. A. space B. action C. reason
17. A. fast B. slowly C. hardly
18. A. made B. bought C. sold
19. A. too B. either C. also
20. A. madness B. politeness C. kindness
21. A. would like to B. are supposed to C. don't need to
22. A. the rich B. the homeless C. the missing
23. A. myself B. yourself C. itself
24. A. small B. awful C. strange
25. A. agree B. forget C. decide
这是一篇议论文，文章讲述给别人做善意的行为，而这个人将善意继续下去的善举；倡导爱的相互传递。
16.C【解析】句意：“向前支付”就是无任何理由地为另一个人去做一些善举。space空间；action行为；reason理由。此处用for no reason表示“没有任何理由”。故选C。
17.A【解析】句意:但是这种善行可以迅速传播开来。fast快；slowly慢；hardly几乎不。此处用副词fast表示“传播得很快”。故选A。
18.B【解析】句意：她也为站在她后面的人付餐款。made 制作；bought买；sold卖。根据“a woman was buying a meal”可知此处用动词bought表示“买”。选B。
19.A【解析】句意：那个人也做了相同的事情，接下来一个人也是如此。 too常放在肯定句句末，前必须有逗号把它和前面的句子分开。either常用于否定句和疑问句中，前有逗号，把它和前面的内容分开。also 一般放在肯定句中，放在be动词、情态动词或助动词之后，实义动词之前。这是肯定句，逗号和前面隔开用too放在句末表示“也”。故选A。
20.C【解析】句意：不久，250个人都给另一个人做了这种善意的行为。madness疯狂；politeness礼貌；kindness善意。根据“buying a meal”可知此处是表达给别人的餐买单这种善行，用名词kindness。故选C。
21.C【解析】句意：但是你没有必要花钱来向前付款。would like to想要；are supposed to理应；don’t need to没必要。根据“There are examples of paying it forward every day like volunteering”可知此处讲的是不花钱的善举，用don’t need to do的结构。故选C。
22.B【解析】句意：有一些善举的例子，比如志愿者、给物价可归的人送食物或者给你周围的某个人做一些善意的举动。the rich富人；the homeless无家可归的人；the missing失踪的人。根据“giving food”可知此处用the homeless表示“无家可归的人”。故选B。
23.B【解析】句意：你自己试试看。myself我自己；yourself你自己；itself它自己。根据“All you have to do”可知此处用“你自己”yourself。故选B。
24.A【解析】句意：所有你必须做的就是寻找你能做的让别人开心的小事。small小的；awful糟糕的；strange奇怪的。根据“doing something nice for someone around you”可知此处用small表示“小事情”。故选A。
25.B【解析】句意：当某个人给你做了善意的行为，不要忘记做相同的事。agree同意；forget忘记；decide决定。此处用forget to do表示“忘记做某事”。故选B。
（三）【2020 •安徽省】

In recent years, with more and more cars on the road, flying robots are used to deliver(递送) mails. Flying robots can 21 mails to people's houses without having to deal with heavy 22 .But they will spend too much time in returning. A research center is trying to improve its flying robots with the 23 of homing pigeons(信鸽).
Homing pigeons are pigeons that are 24 trained to fly home from somewhere else. In tests, researchers 25 that homing pigeons were 26 efficient(高效的) than flying robots at returning to their home. So the research center is trying to use a flying robot, together with a 27 , to deliver mails. After the robot finishes its tasks, it can 28 the pigeon back in the shortest possible time.
Although it will cost more money to 29 pigeons, the research center says that it can 30 time. And the time it saves will make up for the cost.
21．A．invite B．carry C．blow D．kick
22．A．traffic B．rain C．fire D．pollution
23．A．help B．luck C．treat D．interest
24．A．poorly B．carelessly C．specially D．musically
25．A．promised B．joked C．planned D．found
26．A．less B．more C．little D．much
27．A．homing pigeon B．big house C．leading person D．heavy car
28．A．train B．knock C．follow D．steal
29．A．dress B．paint C．clean D．raise
30．A．expect B．show C．kill D．save
文章大意：本文主要讲飞行机器人被用来传递信件，这样不会遇到交通阻塞，但它们返回花费时间太久，科学家尝试用信鸽来弥补这个不足。
21．B【解析】句意：飞行机器人可以把邮件送到人们的家里，而不用处理繁忙的交通。invite发明；carry携带；blow刮风；kick敲击。根据空后“mails to people's houses”可知是飞行机器人把信件携带到人们家里，用carry符合题意。故选B。
22．A【解析】句意：飞行机器人可以把邮件送到人们的家里，而不用处理繁忙的交通。traffic交通；rain雨；fire火；pollution污染。根据上文“In recent years, with more and more cars on the road, flying robot【解析】s are used to deliver mails.”可知飞行机器人不必与繁忙的交通打交道，用traffic符合题意。故选A。
23．A【解析】句意：研究中心正试图在信鸽的帮助下改善飞行机器人。help帮助；luck运气；treat款待；interest兴趣。根据下文讲让飞行机器人和信鸽一起送信件，可推出是在信鸽的帮助下，用with the help of ... 表示“在……的帮助下”。故选A。
24．C【解析】句意：信鸽是经过特殊训练从其他地方飞回家的鸽子。poorly贫穷地；carelessly粗心地；specially特别地；musically音乐般地。根据空后“to fly home from somewhere else”讲信鸽可以从其他地方飞回家，由此可知是经过特殊训练的，用specially符合题意。故选C。
25．D【解析】句意：在测试中，研究人员发现，信鸽返回家园的效率比飞行机器人更高。promised承诺；joked开玩笑；planned种植；found发现。根据下文中“So the research center is trying to use a flying robot, together with a ____, to deliver mails.”讲研究中心试图用信鸽和飞行机器人一起传递信件，可推出是发现信鸽返回家园的效率比飞行机器人更高，用found符合题意。故选D。
26．B【解析】句意：在测试中，研究人员发现，信鸽返回家园的效率比飞行机器人更高。
less更少；more更；little极少；much非常。根据空后“than”可知此处要用efficient的比较级more efficient表示“更高效的”。故选B。
27．A【解析】句意：所以研究中心正在尝试使用一个飞行机器人和一只信鸽来投递信件。homing pigeon信鸽；big house大房子；leading person领头人；heavy car重型汽车。上下文都在讲信鸽对飞行机器人的帮助，此处是说让信鸽和飞行机器人一起投递信件，用homing pigeon符合题意。故选A。
28．C【解析】句意：机器人完成任务后，可以在最短的时间内跟随鸽子返回。train训练；knock敲；follow跟随；steal偷盗。上文讲到机器人返回时耗时太久，又讲到信鸽擅长返回家园，由此可推出是让机器人跟随信鸽返回，用follow符合题意。故选C。
29．D【解析】句意：尽管养鸽子会花费更多的钱，研究中心说，它可以节省时间。dress穿衣；paint画；clean清理；raise饲养。上文讲到要让信鸽辅助飞行机器人送信件，结合选项可推出此处是说要养鸽子，用raise符合题意。故选D。
30．D【解析】句意：尽管养鸽子会花费更多的钱，研究中心说，它可以节省时间。expect期望；show展示；kill杀掉；save节省。根据下文“And the time it saves”可知此处是说节省时间，用save符合题意。故选D。
（四）【2020 •内蒙古通辽市】
“We're going to cut science class today. I know you want to come with us. Let’s go!”
Maybe you’ve 1 one of the popular kids at school say something like this. So what do you do? Do you just give in and do what the other kids 2 , or do you go to class no matter what they say?
Situations like this often come up. And it is not easy to make your own 3 when your friends want to do something you’re not quite sure about. Sometimes, you feel you should do something because everyone else is doing it, and it is 4 to go against the majority. This is called “peer(同龄人) pressure” because peers are pressuring you to do what they want.
Some people give in to peer pressure because they want to be more popular. Some worry that others will make fun of them 5 they don’t go along with the group. The 6 that “everyone is doing it” makes them follow the crowd. Sometimes peer pressure can be 7 if your peers encourage you to be a better person. But most peer pressure pushes you to do something you don’t really want to do. And it affects almost everyone without exception. So what can you do to 8 it?
First of all, you should follow your own feelings and beliefs and be self-confident. When you are self-confident, you can say “no” to the people 9 to pressure you. It also helps to have a good friend who respects your beliefs. That way you won’t be 10 when you stand up to peer pressure.
1．A．made B．helped C．felt D．heard
2．A．complete B．control C．suggest D．avoid
3．A．friends B．rules C．search D．decision
4．A．slow B．hard C．clear D．useful
5．A．unless B．until C．if D．although
6．A．doubt B．idea C．hope D．promise
7．A．good B．common C．serious D．strong
8．A．affect B．show C．deal with D．talk about
9．A．failing B．trying C．learning D．refusing
10．A．alone B．lucky C．quiet D．popular
文章大意：本文主要讲了同龄人压力这一普遍现象，讲了同龄人压力的影响及如何应对同龄人压力。
1．D【解析】句意：也许你听过学校里一个受欢迎的孩子说过这样的话。made制作；helped帮助；felt感觉；heard听到。根据题干中“say something like this”讲说这样的话，可知此处是说“听过”，用heared符合题意。故选D。
2．C【解析】句意：你是会屈服，按照其他孩子的建议去做，还是不管他们说什么你都去上课?
complete完成；control控制；suggest建议；avoid避免。根据上文中“We're going to cut science class today. I know you want to come with us. Let’s go!”是建议逃课，可知此次是说按照其他孩子的“建议”去做，用suggest符合题意。故选C。
3．D【解析】句意：当你的朋友想要做一些你不太确定的事情时，你也不容易做出自己的决定。
friends朋友；rules规则；search搜索；decision决定。根据题干中“something you’re not quite sure about”讲到不确定的事，可推出是要做决定，用decision符合题意。make one's decision做某人的决定。故选D。
4．B【解析】句意：有时候，你觉得自己应该做一些事情，因为其他人都在做，很难违背大多数人的意愿。
slow缓慢的；hard艰难的；clear清楚的；useful有用的。根据空后“to go against the majority”表示“违背多数人”，结合常识可知违背多数人是很难的，用hard符合题意。故选B。
5．C【解析】句意：有些人担心如果他们不合群，其他人会取笑他们。unless除非；until直到……为止；if如果；although尽管。“他们不合群”是“其他人会取笑他们”的条件，用if引导条件状语从句。故选C。
6．B【解析】句意：“每个人都在做”的想法让他们随大流。doubt怀疑；idea想法；hope希望；promise承诺。根据语境可知“everyone is doing it”表示“每个人都在做”是一个想法，用idea后接同位语从句，解释这是一个什么样的想法，符合题意。故选B。
7．A【解析】句意：有时候，如果你的同龄人鼓励你成为一个更好的人，同龄人压力可能是好的。
good好的；common普通的；serious严重的；strong强壮的。根据空后“if your peers encourage you to be a better person”可知“同龄人鼓励你成为一个更好的人”是同龄人压力好的一面，用good符合题意。故选A。
8．C【解析】句意：那么你能做些什么来应对呢?affect影响；show展示；deal with处理；talk about谈论。下文提出了几点应对同龄人压力的方法，结合选项可知此处是说“那么你能做些什么来应对（处理）同龄人压力呢？”，用deal with符合题意。故选C。
9．B【解析】句意：当你自信的时候，你可以对那些试图压迫你的人说“不”。failing失败；trying尝试；learning学习；refusing拒绝。根据空前“you can say ‘no’ to the people”可知推出要对“试图”给你压力的人说“不”，try to do sth.试图做某事。故选B。
10．A【解析】句意：这样，当你抵抗同龄人压力时，你就不会孤单。alone单独的；lucky幸运的；quiet安静的；popular受欢迎的。根据上文“It also helps to have a good friend who respects your beliefs. ”讲有一个尊重你信仰的朋友是有帮助的，由此推出有朋友的时候，抵抗同龄人压力时不再是一个人，用alone表示“单独的”。故选A。


（五）【2020 •四川攀枝花】
"The grass looks greener on the other side of the fence(篱笆)." That is an old 21 in English. It means other places often look better, more interesting than the place 22 you live. Some people worry that young Chinese are beginning to feel like that. They see young Chinese paying no attention to Chinese culture and, 23 , buying Japanese cartoon books, watching Korean soap operas and even 24 Western holidays.
Foreign books and soap operas are good, 25 Chinese writers and actors are just as good. As for holidays, Christmas is nice, but for Chinese, it 26 has the special meaning like the Spring Festival, and the West has 27 to compare with the Mid-Autumn Festival. Don't forget the best part of Chinese culture: Friendliness! Not all countries are as 28 as China.
It's good to enjoy other cultures and 29 from them, but they can't take the place of your own culture. It's good to look on the other side of the fence, but 30 you look carefully and closely, and you will find that the grass isn't always greener on the other side of the fence.
21．A．word B．saying C．sentence D．rule
22．A．when B．where C．why D．how
23．A．beside B．besides C．instead D．then
24．A．celebrating B．to celebrate C．celebrated D．celebrate
25．A．if B．so C．but D．or
26．A．still B．never C．always D．ever
27．A．everything B．something C．anything D．nothing
28．A．warm B．warmer C．cold D．colder
29．A．learns B．learning C．in learning D．to learn
30．A．make up B．make up of C．make sure D．be sure to

本文通过一句谚语而引出了社会的现象，许多人总是认为其他国家的文化更好，我们可以向其他国家学习某些文化，同时也不要忘了我们自己本身的文化。
21．B【解析】句意：那在英语里是一句古老的谚语。word话语；saying谚语；sentence句子；rule规则。根据上文“The grass looks greener on the other side of the fence.”意为“篱笆那边的草看起来更绿”，结合常识可知这是一句古老的谚语，所以空格处填saying。故选B。
22．B【解析】句意：那意味着其他的地方看起来比你住的地方更好、更有趣。when先行词指时间，在从句中作时间状语；where先行词指地点，在从句中作地点状语；why先行词指原因，在从句中作原因状语；how如何，不能引导定语从句。根据句子结构，此句是一个定语从句，先行词the place，在从句中作地点状语，关系词可以用where或in which。故选B。
23．C【解析】句意：他们看到中国年轻人不在意中国文化，反而购买日本卡通漫画书、看韩国肥皂剧，甚至庆祝西方节假日。beside在……旁边；besides况且；instead反而；then然后。空前表示“中国年轻人不在意中国文化”，空后表示“购买日本卡通漫画书、看韩国肥皂剧，甚至庆祝西方节假日”，句意出现转折，且后文陈述的情况取代了前文，所以空格处填instead。故选C。
24．A【解析】句意：他们看到中国年轻人不在意中国文化，反而购买日本卡通漫画书、看韩国肥皂剧，甚至庆祝西方节假日。celebrate庆祝。celebrating动名词或动词的现在分词；to celebrate动词不定式；celebrated动词的过去式；celebrate动词原形。根据题干中“... buying Japanese cartoon books, watching Korean soap operas and even ____ Western holidays.”可知and连接并列结构，动词都用-ing形式，此处用celebrating符合题意。故选A。
25．C【解析】句意：外国书和肥皂剧是很不错，但是中国的作家和演员一样好。if如果；so因此；but但是；or否则。空前表示“外国书和肥皂剧是很不错”，空后表示“中国的作家和演员一样好”，句意出现转折，所以空格处填but。故选C。
26．B【解析】句意：至于假期，圣诞节是很棒的，但是它从来不会有中国春节的意味，并且西方国家没有什么能跟中秋节相比的节日。still仍然；never从不；always总是；ever曾经。but是表转折，根据Christmas is nice，可知，圣诞节虽然也不错，但是跟中国春节相比，它从来没有春节的那种意味，所以空格处填never。故选B。
27．D【解析】句意：至于假期，圣诞节是很棒的，但是它从来不会有中国春节的意味，并且西方国家没有什么能跟中秋节相比的节日。everything一切；something某些事物；anything任何事物；nothing没有什么。根据语境可知此处在强调中国节日的特别，应是说西方节日中“没什么”能跟中秋节相比，用nothing符合题意。故选D。
28．A【解析】句意：不是所有的国家都像中国一样友好。warm温暖的，友好的；warmer更温暖的，更友好的；cold冷酷的；colder更冷酷的。固定搭配：as+形容词/副词原级+as，表示“如……一样……”，排除BD。根据上文“Don't forget the best part of Chinese culture: Friendliness! ”可知友好是中国文化最好的部分，所以空格处填warm。故选A。
29．D【解析】句意：欣赏其他文化和向它们学习是很好的，但是它们不能取代你自己的文化。
learn学习。learns动词的第三人称单数形式；learning动名词/现在分词；in learning介词+动名词；to learn动词不定式。and表并列关系连词，连接前后的词性保持一致，and前to enjoy是动词不定式，所以此空也填动词不定式to learn。故选D。
30．C【解析】句意：往篱笆的另一边看是好的，但是一定要仔细地看，你会发现篱笆另一边的草并不总是更绿。make up弥补；make up of由……组成；make sure一定；be sure to一定。根据下文“you will find that the grass isn't always greener on the other side of the fence”可知，你一定要仔细地看一看，排除AB；be sure to do sth.是固定搭配，不符合语境，排除D；此处用make sure接省略that的宾语从句。故选C。
（六）【2020 • 贵州省黔东南州中考】
Are you shy? If you are, you are not alone. In fact, nearly 50% of the people are shy, and almost 80% feel shy at some points in their lives. Why are people___41___?
It is found that family size might ___42___ people to be shy. Kids with no ___43___ or sisters may be shy. Growing up alone, they often play by themselves. They are not able to ___44___ the same social skills as kids from big families.
Another cause of shyness might be ___45___. As more and more people use the Internet, they ___46___ less time outside. As a result, they lose chances to communicate with others. ___47___ to new people face to face can make them feel nervous.
For shy people, it can be___48___to make friends, speak in class, and even get a good job. But scientists say you can overcome your shyness. They suggest trying ___49___ things and practicing more conversations.
Anyway, don't be ____50____ of shyness——you are valued for what you are!
41. A. interested B. bored C. shy D. brave
42. A. want B. cause C. teach D. let
43. A. teachers B. friends C. classmates D. brothers
44. A. stand B. invent C. buy D. develop
45. A. praise B. decision C. technology D. dream
46. A. design B. spend C. collect D. save
47. A. Nodding B. Running C. Speaking D. Jumping
48. A. easy B. safe C. dangerous D. difficult
49. A. new B. private C. wrong D. heavy
50. A. afraid B. fond C. proud D. full
【文章大意】本文介绍了人们害羞的原因，并提出了克服害羞的一些建议。
41.C【解析】句意：人们为什么会害羞呢？interested感兴趣的；bored无聊的；shy害羞的；brave勇敢的。根据前文In fact, nearly 50% of the people are shy, and almost 80% feel shy at some points in their lives“事实上，50%的人们是害羞的，几乎80%的人在生活的某一时刻感到害羞”，可知，此处是根据这些数据来提出问题“为什么人们会害羞呢”，所以空格处填shy。故选C。
42.B【解析】句意：研究发现，家庭规模可能会导致人们害羞。want想要；cause导致；teach教；let让。根据上文Why are people shy，可知，此处是回答什么原因导致了人们害羞，所以空格处填cause。故选B。
43.D【解析】句意：没有兄弟姐妹的孩子可能会害羞。teachers老师们；friends朋友们；classmates同学们；brothers兄弟们。or在否定句中连接两个并列关系的名词，根据or后sisters，可知，此处表示“没有兄弟或姐妹”，所以空格处填brothers。故选D。
44.D【解析】句意：他们不能像来自大家庭的孩子那样培养相同的社交技能。stand站立；invent发明；buy买；develop培养。根据空格后social skills，可知，此空表示“培养社交技能”，所以空格处填develop。故选D。
45.C【解析】句意：另一个引起害羞的原因可能是科技。praise表扬；decision决定；technology科技；dream梦想。根据As more and more people use the Internet, they spend less time outside“随着越来越多的人使用互联网，他们花费很少的时间外出”，可知，像互联网这种科技可能是引起害羞的另一个原因，所以空格处填technology。故选C。
46.B【解析】句意：随着越来越多的人使用互联网，他们花费很少的时间外出。design设计；spend花费；collect收集；save节省。根据As a result, they lose chances to communicate with others，可知，他们花很少时间外出，因此失去和其他人沟通的机会，所以空格处填spend。故选B。
47.C
【解析】句意：跟陌生人面对面说话可能使他们感到紧张。nodding点头；running跑步；speaking说话；jumping跳跃。根据they lose chances to communicate with others，可知，他们失去了和其他人沟通的机会，所以跟陌生人说话时会感到紧张，所以此空填动名词speaking作主语。故选C。
48.D【解析】句意：对于害羞的人来说，交友，在班上发言，甚至获得一份好工作都很难。easy容易的；safe安全的；dangerous危险的；difficult困难的。根据For shy people及make friends, speak in class, and even get a good job，可知，对于害羞的人来说，交友，在班上发言，甚至获得一份好工作都很难，所以空格处填difficult。故选D。
49.A【解析】句意：他们建议尝试新事物，并练习更多的对话。new新的；private私人的；wrong错误的；heavy沉重的。根据前文But scientists say you can overcome your shyness，可知，科学家们建议害羞的人尝试新事物来克服害羞，所以空格处填new。故选A。
50.A【解析】句意：无论如何，不要害怕害羞——你的价值在于你是什么样的人。afraid害怕的；fond喜欢的；proud自豪的；full满的。根据上文But scientists say you can overcome your shyness. They suggest trying new things and practicing more conversations，可知，科学家提出的克服害羞的建议就是让你不要害怕害羞，固定搭配be afraid of sth“害怕某事”，所以空格处填afraid。故选A。