初中英语中考复习 专题19 阅读理解（一）【讲练】-2022年中考英语二轮复习讲练测课件PPT

这是一份初中英语中考复习 专题19 阅读理解（一）【讲练】-2022年中考英语二轮复习讲练测课件PPT，共19页。PPT课件主要包含了阅读理解，逻辑推理，归纳概括，材料的评估能力等内容，欢迎下载使用。

细节理解阅读材料中某一特定细节或文章的主要事实的理解
直接细节类答案几乎可以直接从原文中找出
根据题干中的关键词与原文进行对照,
隐含细节类可以根据文章的隐含意义,
从原因、前提或结果等仔细推敲
Paragraph 1Mike has started tw technlgy cmpanies. And he has a bigger dream fr the future. “I really want t make things easier fr peple, especially the ld,"Mike explained. "The next, maybe a health care rbt."1. What is Mike's bigger dream?A. T be a health care wrker.B. T make things easier fr peple.C. T learn cmputer knwledge.D. T start tw technlgy cmpanies.
首先通过题干信息确定关键词;其次在原文中查寻关 键词原词或其派生词近义词或反义词,找相关句子;最后比对选项和原文细节，确定答案。如:第1题:根据题干中的"bigger dream"定位至该段第三句“I really want t make things easier fr peple",可知Mike更大的梦想是为人们把事情变得更容易。故选B。
Paragraph 261% f the fd waste is frm hme cking. Fd services, such as restaurants, prduce 26% and grceries( 食品杂货店) and ther stres 13%，2. Where is mst fd waste frm?A. Hme cking.B. Restaurants.C. Fd stres.D. Grceries.
根据题干中的“mst fd waste"定位至该段第　　　　一/1 旬，可知大多数食物浪费来自家庭烹饪。故选A。
Paragraph 3必须是由文中事实推断出的另一个正确的事实Mike shwed great learning ability and interest in the “hw" and“why’’ behind things at a very yung age. He began t study cmputer prgramming atage 5.3. When did Mike start t learn cmputer prgramming?A. At age 5.B. At age 7.C. At age 10.D. At age 12.
　首先阅读题干，确定关键词,寻读原文相关信息;　　　　　　　　　　　其次利用同义/近义/反义词复现、同源词复现、词性或语态变化、简化/转换原文复杂表达来确定答案。如:第3题:根据题干中的关键词“cmputer prgramming"定位至最后一句，对比题干可知"start t learn”与原文"began t study"之间为同义转换。故选A。
基础：理解原文字面意思
分析：隐含的信息和语篇逻辑关系
判断和推理.：理解作者所要传达的信息
得出：文章的深层意义及隐含意义
Paragraph 4“Mike des well in all subjects," his mther said. “ When he has difficulties, he will try t find a way ut.”His father was satisfied with Mike's nn-academic(非学业的) achievements. “ They mean much mre," his father said.5. What can we learn abut Mike's parents?A. They are prud f their sn Mike.B. They help Mike with all subjects.C. They care mre abut Mike's grades.D. They wrk in the same cmpany.
　确定题干关键词，对照关键词在文中定位相关线　　　　　　　　　　索，然后进行推断,排除错误选项(无中生有、以偏概全原文信息)。如:第4题:根据Mike父母话语中的关键词“des well in all subjects" 及“mean much mre"可推知，Mike的父母为Mike感到自豪。故选A。
方法 4根据文章体裁和内容推断文章出处
Paragraph5If yu have prblems describing peple, dn't wrry! We'll use ppular film characters(角色) t help yu learn sme useful wrds.6. In which part f a magazine can we read the text?A. Sprt. B. Travel.C. Envirnment.D. Language.
　此类题目可以根据文章的用词和格式推断文章的出　　　　　处。如:网页的格式、网址;报纸前会出现日期、地点;广告的用词和格式，也可以根据文章主题意义来确定文章是否属于文化健康、科技等版块。如:第5题:由最后句中的“help yu learn sme useful wrds"可推断出,本文应是出自杂志的语言版块。故选D。
Paragraph 6If yu have prblems describing peple, dn't wrry! We'll use ppular film characters(角色) t help yu learn sme useful wrds.6. In which part f a magazine can we read the text?A. Sprt. B. Travel.C. Envirnment.D. Language.
　此类题目可以根据文章的用词和格式推断文章的出　　　　　处。如:网页的格式、网址;报纸前会出现日期、地点;广告的用词和格式，也可以根据文章主题意义来确定文章是否属于文化健康、科技等版块。如:第6题:由最后句中的“help yu learn sme useful wrds"可推断出,本文应是出自杂志的语言版块。故选D。
方法5推断作者写作意图
Paragraph 7 Accrding t the finding f a new UN reprt, the wld wastes abut ne-sixth f the fd each year. That's abut 1,030，00000 tns, r 121 kilgrams fr each persn n the what can we d t stp fd waste? Small actins make a difference. Each f us can play a part. Next time, befre yu thrw ，think twice!8. What is the purpse f the text?A. T cllect mney.B. T call fr actin.C. T get sme advice.D. T express thanks.
　作者写文章时的态度和观点往往并不直接写出来， 但是在文章的首段或者尾段一般表现得非常明显,考生要重点理解首尾段,提炼作者的观点。如:第7题:根据最后一段首句提出“然后我们应该做什么来阻止食物浪费?”可知,文章的目的是号召人们行动起来阻止食物的浪费。故选B。
Paragraph 8 T prtect finless prpises (江豚) and the Yangtze River, the gvernment has stpped peple frm fishing n the river. In 2019, Xia Liuying frmed the vluntary team with 12 ther fishermen. Tday the team has mre than 50 members. All f them are ver 60 years ld. “ We want t prtect the river while wecan," said Xia.9. Hw many members were there in the team when it was frmed?A. 12.B. 13.C.50.D.62.
　解答此类试题的方法是先理解文章的大意，然后经 过对比、分析、计算等得出正确的答案。如:第8题:由题干中的中心词“frmed"可对应到本段第二/2句，从而得出队伍由Xia Liuying 和其他12名渔民组成,1+12=13。故选B。
Paragraph 9The next minute I heard the singing f the wagtail again. He was flying back and tw large magpies fllwed. They landed n either side f the yung magpie, and then put their heads in the air and sang excitedly.10. What is the ending f the stry?A. The magpie brke bth his wings again.B. The magpie flew away with the wagtail.C. The magpie gt tgether with his parents.D. The magpie returned t the writer's hme.
　题目需要抓住最后一段中的细节性描述，从而推断 出文章结尾。如:第9题:根据该段第二、三/2、3句可知小喜鹊被父母包围着,它们头仰天兴奋地唱歌，由此可以推断出,喜鹊和它的父母团聚了。故选C。
Paragraph 10 The lcal peple f La Gmera can carry n cnversatins by whistling(吹口哨) frm far away. Fr face-t-face cnversatins, they speak Spanish. But when they need t speak ver a distance( 距离)，they whistle.Whistling is ppular at Ia Gmera, and many methds f whistling are used What will the writer talk abut in the last paragraph?A. Disadvantages f whistling.B. Stries f a tp whistler.C. Different methds f whistling. D. Examples f gd whistlers.
梳理文章结构，根据文章中的提示性语句，可以推断 出作者的思路和续写内容。如:第11 题:根据最后一段中 的“many methds f whistling are used"可推知,后文应是接着介绍吹口哨的不同方式。故选C。
Paragraph 11Keeping a diary helps a lt. Studies have shwn that peple wh keep a diary sleep and feel better. It helps peple remember what nce happened such as dreams , friendships and happiness. Writing abut bad feelings can als help brains get ver them and mve n.12. What des the underlined wrd“them" refer t(指的是)?A. Studies.B. Bad feelings.C. Friendships.D. Brains.
　　　　解答此类试题的关键是找到代词所在句，先去除句子　　　　　　　　的“枝叶”__修饰成分，只留代词所在句子的主干部　　　　分，用所找的指代内容替换画线代词，核实句意是否合理,前后内容是否一致。如:第11题:本题画线单词“them"所在句为最后一句，再结合句中“Writing abut bad feelings" 可知“them"应指代前文的“bad feelings"。故选B。