人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement优秀巩固练习

这是一份人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement优秀巩固练习
Unit 1 People of achievement Review（原卷版）Ⅰ. 根据所给单词的适当形式填空1. In terms of research, it is necessary for us to stick to the ___________ (academy) cautiousness. 2. It is therefore unreasonable to make a ___________ (distinct) when it comes to a woman’s right to preserve her eggs. 3. Before 2015, our party ___________ (acknowledge) the achievements made by the cooperation and supported the continuous wider cooperating in the future. 4. They have ___________ (apparent) achieved broader and deeper agreements on how further promotion on ecology should be approached. 5. It is reported that some Taiwan songstresses share the same ___________(passionate) for love and romance—even though it’s full of uncertainty and can break your heart. 6. The old man is said to ___________(commit) crime in the room beside our school laboratory 2 decades ago.  7. The government declared financial assistance would be ___________(obtain) by those in the employment training courses.  8. Around ten years later, English had ___________ (gradual) taken the place of Russian as a subject in secondary school teaching. 9. ___________(consequence), it is natural for those countries to pay attention to the economic development. 10. It means digital healthcare companies ___________ (encounter) fewer obstacles when developing new products and services after 5 years.  Ⅱ. 选词填空die from; sum up; come to power; take up; as a consequence of; stand on end; as though; insist on; find out; draw a conclusion; graduate from; get stuck; lead to;1. “The error, if not checked, could ______________ a overall disaster. ” he said.  2. If you ever ______________, ask around for help until you are able to complete a given task.  3. Up to half of all smokers will ______________ a tobacco-related disease.  4. They need to interview some people and ______________ if they like their jobs.  5. ______________ USA, Qian Xueshen managed to come back home to serve our motherland.  6. Ma Yun ______________ retiring and trying to have a change of his life last year.  7. You had better keep on trying if you find it difficult to _______________. 8. As the situation has changed, it is necessary ______________ the practical experience of the current regulations.  9. Emperor Kang Xi took a series of measures to develop the nation’s economy after_______________.10. _______________, there is a growing recognition that the path to prosperity must be built on a solid foundation of good governance. Ⅲ. 阅读理解 AThe Nobel Prize is considered one of the most recognizable and admirable awards possible, honoring people of the world for their outstanding achievements in different fields. Alfred Nobel was born in 1833 to a family of engineers in Stockholm, Sweden. Nobel as a young man studied with Nikolai Zinin, a well-known chemist. In 1850, he met Ascanio Sobrero, the inventor of nitroglycerin (炸药) in Paris. Interested in its unpredictable nature of exploding under pressure or heat, Nobel started to find a way to control it and make a usable explosive(炸药). In 1857 he applied for his first patent (专利), an English patent for a gas meter. After years of efforts, in 1867, at the age of 34, Nobel invented dynamite(炸药), which is much easier and safer to control than nitroglycerin. Dynamite was an immediate business success and it was patented in the US and the UK and was widely used in mining. During his lifetime, Nobel invented and patented various explosives. He built up his wealth from his 355 inventions, from which dynamite was the most important. When Alfred’s brother Ludwig died in 1888, a French newspaper mistakenly published Alfred’s obituary (讣告). Reading his own obituary, Nobel was disappointed to find out his public image(形象). The newspaper strongly blamed(责备) Nobel for inventing dynamite, giving him the nickname of “the merchant of death” and saying “Dr. Alfred Nobel, who became rich by finding ways to kill more people faster than ever before, died yesterday. ”To Alfred, this obituary was a warning. He spent his lifetime alone inventing things and was deeply concerned with how he would be remembered. This unfortunate event inspired him to make changes in his will(遗嘱), so as to improve his public image, and to be remembered for a good cause. In 1895, one year before his death, Nobel made the last will, saying clearly that his wealth would be used to create a series of prizes for those who have made great contributions to mankind in physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature, and peace. To widespread astonishment, Dr. Alfred Nobel gave away 94% of his total wealth to found the five Nobel Prizes. 1. According to Paragraph 2, what led to Nobel’s outstanding achievements? A. The valuable help from his family. B. The strong desire to make money. C. His lifetime dream of achieving success. D. His great curiosity and devotion to science. 2. What was Alfred Nobel’s attitude towards the newspaper’s obituary? A. Upset. 　　　　　　　　　 B. Supportive. C. Optimistic. D. Satisfied3. Why did Nobel give away most of his wealth to set up the Nobel Foundation? A. To publish his findings of scientific research. B. To improve his public image. C. To be remembered as the “Merchant of Death”. D. To prove the importance of his inventions. BWhen 45-year-old Randy Pausch was diagnosed with pancreatic (胰腺)cancer, he chose to focus on living rather than dying. As a computer science professor at Carnegie Mellon University, Pausch was asked to deliver a “last lecture”. This well-known campus tradition allowed professors to share worldly wisdom with students as if they were dying and had one last lecture to give. The only difference in Pausch’s case is that Pausch really was dying, but it only motivated him more. He delivered his last lecture, “Really Achieving Your Childhood Dreams” on Sept. 18, 2007. Pausch began by sharing several of his boyhood dreams, some of which he had achieved and the others he hadn’t. He described the importance of having dreams and how anyone can still learn a lot by reaching for those dreams, even if they don’t always succeed. He shared the values learned through experience, which he hoped to pass on to others hard work, honesty, laughter and gratitude. Pausch’s last lecture received a great deal of praise and attention. It became a crazy YouTube hit, and in October 2007, he presented an abridged (删节的)version on “The Oprah Winfrey Show”. He turned the lecture into a book by the same name, which quickly became a best-seller. Readers were deeply moved by the book’s representation of Pausch’s lifelong philosophy and the way it revealed the biggest source of his motivation—his three young children. Pausch passed away on July 25, 2008, but his voice lives on in the recorded lecture and his book. He continues to motivate us all by encouraging us to never give up our childhood dreams—a source of inspiration that can never run dry. 4. Why was Pausch asked to give his “last lecture”? A. To teach the students. B. To make him have a better he. C. To cure his cancer. D. To achieve his dream. 5. What was Pausch’s lecture mainly about? A. His private life in boyhood. B. Having dreams and good values. C. The reason for his success. D. The experience learned from others. 6. Which of the following motivated Pausch most? A. His dreams. 　　　　　　 B. His children. C. His work. D. His students. 7. What can be the best title for the text? A. Keep on Dreaming B. The Meaning of LifeC. Motivation from Life D. Give the Last LectureIV. 七选五根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Imagine that you are in a remote village somewhere with no medical clinic. 　1　 Once the doctors get to you, they examine you and take blood samples, but they won’t be able to help you until they take the samples back to the hospital to find out what is wrong. 　2　. Thanks to engineer Andy Ozcan, many people may never be in this situation. He has invented an app that turns your mobile phone into a diagnostic (诊断的) tool.  Ozcan’s invention is important because it is very accurate and easy to use. In many remote places, even if doctors have microscopes and other instruments to help them make diagnoses, there may still be other problems. Many doctors, for example, don’t have enough training to correctly interpret what they see. 　3　. With Ozcan’s mobile phone app, health workers can take a special photo of a blood sample and send it to a central computer at a hospital. The computer will then automatically interpret the photo and send a diagnosis back in a few minutes.  　4　. His technology only requires a mobile phone and an Internet connection. As more than four billion people already have cell phones, the cost of establishing the diagnostic system is fairly low.  By inventing a medical tool that uses existing technology—mobile phones—Ozcan has developed a medical tool that is both practical and economical. Therefore, it can be effectively almost anywhere. 　5　 .A. As a result, they may diagnose illnesses incorrectly. B. People are trying to reduce the cost of this new medical tool. C. This tool has become much more popular all around the world. D. Another reason that Ozcan’s invention is important is that it is inexpensive. E. You become very sick and must wait days until a mobile medical unit arrives to help. F. Ozcan’s simple, cost-effective tool might just save millions of lives around the world. G. Even though you may only have a simple infection, you might die because of the delay. V.书面写作你校准备在新建的“名人长廊”中为每一位名人画像配上英语介绍, 以便让同学们有更多的机会学习英语。请你根据以下信息写一篇80词左右介绍郎平的短文。1. 郎平, 1960年12月10日出生于天津市。1973年, 13岁的郎平开始练习打排球; 2. 1978年, 因在全国排球比赛中表现突出, 进入国家队; 3. 从1980年起, 郎平获得很多荣誉; 4. 退役后, 郎平成为排球教练。2016年, 郎平带领中国女排, 时隔12年, 在里约奥运会(the Rio Olympic Games)上获得金牌; 5. 郎平是中国第一个作为球员和教练员均夺取过奥运会冠军的排球运动员。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________VI. 阅读下面短文, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。Yoghurt　　It was a rough week. The price of oil skyrocketed as the temperature dropped sharply in Maine. We were looking at a high of eight degrees that week, and I had missed three days of work so my paycheck was going to be lower than normal. I was stressed, to say the least. I shopped strategically, looking for every possible way to cut pennies so I could buy groceries and keep the house warm. 　　My eight-year-old son didn’t understand when I told him we were struggling that week. He wanted a special kind of yoghurt, but I didn’t have the extra three dollars to buy it for him. It was the kind of yoghurt with a cartoon kid riding a skateboard on the front of the box, and a mere two spoonfuls in each cup. It was the kind of product that wastes a parent’s money and makes me hate advertising. 　　I felt guilty as a parent when those big eyes looked at me with confusion, as if to say, “It’s just yoghurt. What’s the big deal? ” So I found a way. I put something back as single mothers often do. He got his yoghurt. 　　On the way driving back from the grocery store, I noticed a homeless man holding a sign by the side of the road. My heart hurt, and I tried not to look at him. I watched people stay away from him on the street and walk by without even meeting his eyes. My son didn’t seem to care much, either. I looked at the man closely then— bare hands grasping a piece of cardboard, snot (鼻涕)frozen to his face, a worn-out jacket. And there I was struggling because I had to buy oil and groceries. But I decided to help him. I pulled over to the man and handed him a five-dollar bill. 　　Seeing this, my son became confused and surprised. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________　　On that day, my son performed an act that most adults wouldn’t have done._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【备选训练】概要写作　　阅读下面短文, 根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。High school exit tests are tests that students must pass to graduate from high school. In the last few years, however, a number of states in America have dropped them. Although some states still use them for diplomas, the number is down from a high of 27 states during the testing craze promoted by No Child Left Behind (NCLB). The appearance of this phenomenon is small wonder. Researches clearly show that exit tests have little positive effects on students. A 2014 report found exit testing was associated with lower graduation rates, negatively affected labor market outcomes, and, most alarmingly, produced a 12. 5 percent increase in incarceration (监禁) rates. Exit exams, the study concluded, had tended to add little value for most students. Exit testing relies on the following assumptions. One is that standardized testing can serve as a kind of “quality control” for high school graduates, guaranteeing that graduates are college ready. The other is that they have predicting value for future success in academic situations.But there is little evidence. The tests don’t exactly measure what they pretend to measure. For example, qualities such as intelligence, academic ability, college readiness are not determined. Those that should be developed in all young people, like responsibility, critical thinking, and empathy (移情), are not measured, either. Even supporters of exit tests have acknowledged that they don’t offer reliable data. Thus, more and more people are suggesting that exit test scores ought to be just one component of the high school diploma. Schools should consider many other records including credits earned, courses taken, activities, service, projects and other elements of academic accomplishment so that students can be evaluated flexibly. In other words, exit test scores should never be the only criterion for high school diplomas. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________