所属成套资源:2023山东省某重点校高三上学期期末考试及答案(九科)
2023山东省某重点校高三上学期期末考试物理PDF版含答案(可编辑)
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这是一份2023山东省某重点校高三上学期期末考试物理PDF版含答案(可编辑),文件包含山东省某重点校2022-2023学年高三上学期期末考试物理试题pdf、山东省某重点校2022-2023学年高三上学期期末考试物理答案docx等2份试卷配套教学资源,其中试卷共13页, 欢迎下载使用。
2022—2023学年度第一学期期末学业水平检测高三物理答案及评分标准一、单项选择题:本大题共8小题,每小题3分,共24分。1.A 2.C 3.C 4.B 5.D 6.A 7.B 8.C二、多项选择题:本大题共4小题,每小题4分,共16分,选不全得2分,有选错得0分。 9.AD 10.AD 11.CD 12.BCD三、非选择题(60分)13.(6分)(1) 2.10(2分); (2)0.48(2分);(3) ①木板的倾角要适中;②A点与传感器距离适当大些。(2分)(给出其中一种说法即可)14.(8分)(1) AC(2分) ;(2)不变(1分);变长(1分)(3)图像与x轴所围图形的面积与电容器的电荷量Q数值相等,由C=求出电容(2分)(4) B(2分)15.(8分)(1)璃砖转过30°角时,折射光路如图,由几何关系可知入射角i=30°又因为tanθ== 则θ=30˚折射角γ=60°··················(2分)由折射定律可知= 解得n=·······················(2分)(2)发生全反射时有sinC= ··········(2分)所以sinα = sinC=··············(2分)评分标准:第1问,4分;第2问,4分。共8分。16.(9分)(1)滑船从A点滑到C点时,由机械能守恒定律可知········································(1分)在C点时由牛顿第二定律可得·····················(1分)解得H=0.4R=5m·····························(1分) (2)划船到达D点时速度mg(H-h)=mvD2解得vD=····································(1分)滑船在斜面上只受重力和斜面的支持力,则运动的加速度大小a==0.6g····················(1分)运动最高点J到水平底边ad的距离s= =m·····································(1分)(3)滑船从D点开始到进入接收平台的时间为t=2···································(1分)则x=vDcos53°t································(1分)解得:x=8m·································(1分)评分标准:第1问,3分;第2问,3分;第3问,3分。共9分。17.(13分)(1)粒子在空间中做匀速圆周运动,由qv0B=····································(1分)得R=·······································(2分) (2)由已知可得,粒子在x<0范围中偏转,磁场为一圆柱体,如图可得磁场垂直y方向的截面半径 :r =Rsin30˚ (1分) 根据V =πr2h可得:V=···································(2分) (3)由分析知最低点的粒子x>0,y<0区域内向x轴正方向做螺旋前进,即yOz平面的圆周运动与沿x轴正向的匀速直线运动的合运动,其半径为r1 =由于两粒子在x轴相遇,可得:r1 =················(1分)其中速度v1=v0cosθ····························(1分)联立可得:B1=·······························(1分) (4)由分析知最高点释放粒子在y方向为匀加速运动可得:=at2··································(1分)由两粒子恰好在x轴第一次相遇,可知:t=··········(1分)又因为a=且B1=······························(1分)联立可得:E=································(1分)评分标准:第1问,3分;第2问,3 分;第3问,3分;第4问,4分。共13分。18.(16分)(1)设B到达水平位置时的速度为v,根据机械能守恒定律:mBgL=mBv2·································(1分)C击中B的过程中二者动量守恒,击中后BC的速度为v1:mcv0+mBv=(mB+mC)v1·························(1分)由牛顿第二定律得:Tm -(mB+mC)g=·············(1分)根据牛顿第三定律得:Tm=90N···················(1分)(2)对M受力分析得:μ(mB+mC)g=Ma解得:a=1m/s2·······························(1分)由v2A=2ax解得A碰P前的速度:vA=2m/s····················(1分)由于碰撞挡板P之前A和BC总动量守恒,由(mB+mC)v1=(mB+mC)vB+MvA解得:vB=4m/s·······························(1分)可求出碰撞P之后:(mB+mC)vB=-MvA因此:A与P仅碰撞一次························(1分)(3)由(mB+mC)vB=-MvA可知,碰撞一次后木板和木块最终会停下来 有能量守恒可得:μ(mB+mC)gd=(mB+mC)v12········(1分) 解得d=16m··································(1分) (4)若木板A与挡板恰好发生了8次碰撞,最后,物块B和木板A都停下来。而每次木板发生x大小的位移所用时间t相同,则木块在第8次碰撞后:15μ(mB+mC)gt=(mB+mC)v1-(mB+mC)vB···········(1分)木板A每次与挡板碰撞的速度均满足:μ(mB+mC)gt=MvA·····························(1分)由于恰好发生了8次碰撞:(mB+mC)vB=MvA联立解得:vA=m/s····························(1分)根据v2A=2ax解得:x8=m·······················(1分)同理:恰好发生了7次碰撞联立解得:vA=m/s根据v2A=2ax解得解得:x7=m···················(1分)因此能碰8次的条件是m≤x<m····················(1分)评分标准:第1问,4 分;第2问,4分;第3问,2分;第4问,6分。共16分。
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