专题44应用文写作之祝贺信和报道类写作-2023年高考英语一轮复习《考点•题型 •技巧》精讲与精练资料（学生版＋教师版）

专题44书面表达和电子邮件

《考点•题型 •技巧》

日记的篇章结构可以从以下几个角度入手：首先要对所发生的事件或现象进行描述。按照事件发展的先后顺序进行，适当添加对天气或景物或心情的描述。其次要发表感想或议论，针对事件进行感悟或议论性的描述，以使文章有所立意。最后要对未来提出展望或推测，或表示决心、态度、观点、意图、希冀等。

写好英文日记要注意以下几点：

1. 日记的格式

  英文日记通常由书端和正文两个部分组成。日记常以第一人称记下当天生活中的所见、所闻、所做或所想的事情。中、英文的日记三格式大致一样。英语日记的书端是专门写日记的日期、星期和天气的。左上角是日期(年、月、日)、星期。右上角写上当天的天气情况，如：Sunny，Fine，Rainy，Windy，Snowy，Cloudy等。 

（1）日期表达有多种形式。年、月、日都写时，通常以月、日、年为顺序，月份可以缩写，日和年用逗号隔开。例如： 

  A)September 1，2017或September 1st，2017也可省略写成Sept. 1，2017或Sept. 1st，2017;the 1st of September in 2004(月份不可以缩写) 

  B)只有月、日：September 1或September 1st(月份可以缩写) 

  C)只有年、月：September 2004或the September of 2004(月份不可以缩写) 

  以上的1或1st都应读作the first. 

（2）星期也可以省略不写，可将其放在日期前或后，星期和日期之间不用标点，但要空一格，星期也可缩写。如： 

  Saturday，October 22nd，2004;October 22nd，2004 Saturday 

（3）天气情况必不可少。天气一般用一个形容词如：Sunny，Fine，Rainy，Snowy 等表示。写在日期之后，用逗号隔开，位于日记的右上角。如： 

  Saturday，March 4，2017，Windy;1st January，2017，Fine

2. 日记的时态：由于日记是对当天所发生事情的回顾，故常用一般过去时。在发表议论或感想时，也可使用现在完成时或一般将来时。

3. 日记的人称：因为日记是记载自己的亲身经历，故应用第一人称，语言尽量口语化，按照事情发生的先后顺序，清楚、准确、连贯地把事情表达出来。

英文e－mail与英文书信的写法和格式大体相同，但也有不同之处。英文e－mail一般由以下五部分组成：

     1．标题栏

     这是英文书信中没有的。标题栏中有“收件人”、“抄送”和“主题”三个框。在“收件人”框中填写收件人的e－mail地址。如要将邮件同时发送给多人，可在“抄送”框中填入其他人的e－mail地址。在“主题”框中简要地概括邮件的内容，可以用一个单词，如：Greetings(问候)；也可以用短语，如：Personal information(个人情况)；还可以是一个内容完整但语言简短的句子。

    2．称呼语

    如果是同学或亲朋好友间的邮件，可以直呼其名，如：Mike；但如果是发给老师、长辈或上级，最好在称呼前加上称谓或职位。职位可用Doctor，Professor等，如：Professor Li。男性用Mr；女性用Miss(未婚)，Mrs(已婚)，Ms(不知婚否)。

    3．正文

    大多数e－mail篇幅短小，语言简单明了。如果是写给不熟悉的人，一般要先进行自我介绍；反之，则可直接进入正题。要多使用短句、简单句，少用或不用长句。一是便于阅读，再者使意思清楚。如果内容很长，可就重点部分作些介绍，而把详细内容以“附件”的方式发出。

4．结尾客套话

    英文书信的信尾客套话常用Best wishes! Good luck to you! 等。而e－mail通常很简明，如：Best，Thanks，Yours等。

    5．落款

    直接写发件人的姓名即可，且与客套话对齐。

【写作佳句】

1．段首常用语：

(1)Thank you for your letter of Dec. 15th…

(2)I'm glad/pleased to tell you that…

(3)I am very glad to have received the letter you sent me two weeks ago.

(4)Thanks for your invitation to the Christmas party.

(5)How are you getting along with your study?

2．话题引入常用语：

   (1)I'm glad to tell you something about…

   (2)As far as I know/am concerned/see

3．段尾常用语：

   (1)Please write to me soon and tell me about your…

   (2)I'm looking forward to your reply…

   (3)With kind/ best regards/wishes.

   (4)If so, please e－mail me in response…

【题型分析】

假定你是李华，昨天你参加了你校举办的以"我最喜欢的一本书"为主题的英语演讲比赛。请你写一篇英语日记，要点如下：

1.描述当时比赛的情况；

2.你的表现和感受。

注意：

1.词数120左右(开头已经给出，但不计入总词数)；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Friday          2nd May 2014                                                          Fine

Yesterday afternoon I attended the English speech contest held by my school. The topic of it is "The book I like best".

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Friday    2nd May 2014                                                             Fine

Yesterday afternoon I attended the English speech contest held by my school. The topic of it is "The book I like best".

When I knew that the first five candidates performed very well, I felt a little worried. At the thought of the words "I can do it", I became calm a lot. Soon it was my turn, when I said "The book I like best is Three Days to See written by Helen Keller. From the book, I realize that it would be an excellent rule to live happily each day as if we should die tomorrow." my teachers and classmates cheered for me. I gained much confidence and went on to do my best. Finally I won first prize.

Be happy every day and try my best to do everything. I’ll keep it in my mind and make it come true.

【解析】本篇是关于日记的写作，同时也是一篇半开放性的写作。文章要记述你校举办的以"我最喜欢的一本书"为主题的英语演讲比赛。话题对学生来说比较熟悉，但是要根据提示合理发挥，拓展主题。具体来说，文章内容应包括以下三个方面：(1)别的演讲同学发挥得好，对你所产生的影响；(2)当轮到你作演讲时，你的表现如何；(3)自己的感受是什么。这样文章才能够连贯通顺。特别要注意的是，由于文章是日记体，所以文章中的时态以"一般过去时"为主。

假设你是晨光中学的机器人兴趣小组组长李津，你的美国朋友Chris就读于天津某国际学校，他曾在机器人技能竞赛中获奖。你打算邀请他加入你的团队，参加即将于7月底在天津举行的世界青少年机器人技能竞赛。请根据以下提示代表兴趣小组给他写一封电子邮件。

（1）比赛的时间、地点；

（2）邀请他的原因；

（3）训练计划将发送其邮箱，请他提出建议。

注意：（1）词数不少于100；

（2）可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯；

（3）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

参考词汇：

世界青少年机器人技能竞赛 the World Adolescent Robotics Competition

Dear Chris,

I have good news to tell you. ______________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

I’m looking forward to your reply.

Yours,

Li Jin

【思路点拨】

本篇书面要求写一封邀请信。写作的时候要注意以下几点：一、动笔前，一定要认真分析要点，理解要点要表达的含义，不能遗漏要点，跑题偏题。内容要点包括：1. 代表兴趣小组发出邀请；2. 介绍比赛的时间、地点等安排；3. 说明邀请他的原因，包括Chris曾在机器人技能竞赛中获奖；4. 告诉他训练计划将发送其邮箱，请他提出建议。二、写作时注意准确运用时态，对于本文来说，以一般将来时为主，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。

【满分范文】

Dear Chris,

I have good news to tell you. The World Adolescent Robotics Competition will be held in Tianjin at the end of July. Hearing that you once took part in a Robotics Skills Competition and won an award, I, on behalf of the Robotics Hobby Group, intend to invite you to join our team in the coming competition. I am sure that your involvement will not only help us in winning the award but also enhance the friendship between our two schools. 

With this email I also send you our training plan, about which I wish to get your advice because you are more experienced than us. We sincerely hope that we can participate in the competition as team partners.

I’m looking forward to your reply.

Yours,

Li Jin

1、假设你是红星中学高三(1)班的学生李华,校报英文版正在开展"续写雷锋日记"活动。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序,将你所做的一件好事以日记形式记述下来,向校报投稿。

注意：

1.日记的开头已为你写好。

2.词数100左右。

Saturday, June 2Fine

This morning,___________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【思路点拨】

这是一篇看图写作，一共四幅图。做题时：1. 认真读图，可知四幅图体现了你所做的一件好事，2. 初步构思，考虑用词、短语、句型和时态。3. 连词成句，然后再连句成文。尽可能地充分利用所学的短语或句型来表述具体的内容。4. 反复审核，修改错误。5. 注意所给的汉语提示。一般说来，看图写话中的汉语提示往往给定了有关的时间、地点、人物等相关的信息，还有参考词汇都是有用信息。在把握了文章的中心后，应在内心构思一个基本的框架，并考虑使用恰当的词语、短语和句型，以充分地表达文章的内容。这是体现自身能力的重要一环。然后再将各图的单个句子串连起来。串连时，要注意使用适当的连接词语或过渡性语句，不至于让读者觉得文章中出现跳跃现象，更使上下文更为紧凑、自然。

【范文赏析】

Saturday, June 2Fine 

This morning, when I was walking on the street, I saw that two travelers were reading a map, looking puzzled. It seemed they were lost. I went up to them and asked how I could help. They told me they were looking for the Temple of Heaven. I led them to the nearby bus stop and advised them to take Bus No. 20, which could take them there directly. They appreciated my help greatly. Before long, the bus came. We waved goodbye to each other. Seeing them on the bus, I felt a kind of satisfaction.

2、假定你是李华，正在教你的英国朋友Leslie学习汉语。请你写封邮件告知下次上课的计划。内容包括：

（1）时间和地点；

（2）内容：学习唐诗；

（3）课前准备：简要了解唐朝的历史。

注意：

1. 词数100左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【思路点拨】

随着时代的发展，电子邮件越来越受广大中学生的欢迎，所以写电子邮件是中学生经常做的事，这种形式的写作贴近学生生活，使他们感到熟悉。考生成文时应注意：

1. 要点要齐全：（1）时间和地点；（2）内容：学习唐诗；（3）课前准备：简要了解唐朝的历史

2. 时态：以一般现在时为主；

3. 人称：第二人称为主；

4. 注意恰当使用一些连词，使文章自然、流畅。

5. 适当使用一些高级句型和词汇以提高作文档次。

【范文赏析】

Dear Leslie，

I am very happy that you have made great progress in learning Chinese and you are interested in Chinese culture. Now I'll tell you the next learning programme. On July 20, we are going to learn poems of the Tang Dynasty which you are interested in in the Lecture Hall. As a foreign learner, it is difficult for you to understand the true meaning and the culture of them. Therefore, before class, you can read some books related to the history of the Tang Dynasty to better appreciate the poems.

Be sure to go to the Lecture Hall on time. You cannot miss the wonderful poems.

Best wishes.

Yours，

Li Hua

3、假定你是李华，你校将举办音乐节。请写封邮件邀请你的英国朋友Allen参加，内容包括：

1.时间；

2.活动安排；

3.欢迎他表演节目。

注意：

1.词数100左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【参考范文】

Dear Allen,

How is everything going? Our school will hold a music festival next Sunday morning in the school hall. And I’m writing to invite you to join us.

The opening ceremony will start at 9:00 am, and the schoolmaster will deliver a speech. Then there will be various fantastic performances played by talented students. You are definitely welcome to show up on stage, which will add color and fun to our festival.

Looking forward to your early reply.

Best wishes,

Li Hua

4、假定你是李华，想邀请外教Henry一起参观中国剪纸（paper-cutting）艺术展。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：

1.展览时间、地点；

2.展览内容。

注意：

1.词数100左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Dear Henry，

I'm Li Hua, one of your students in your cultural class. I know you're interested in one of Chinese traditional art forms—paper­cutting. So I invite you to attend an exhibition of it.

It'll be held from June 10 to July 10 this year and the opening time is from 9：00 am to 7：00 pm from Monday to Saturday and the place of the exhibition is at the City Gallery, which is located at 118, Jian Guo Road, Hai Dian District. Shall we go there together this Friday afternoon? I will meet you at 2：00 pm at the teaching building gate if you like.

You know we Chinese have a lot of traditional art forms, of which paper­cutting is one of the most popular. In the exhibition, you will enjoy many special kinds of paper­cuttings. Maybe you can learn one or two skills of the cutting.

Looking forward to your early reply.

Regards,

Li Hua

5、假定你是李华。你所在的校乒乓球队正在招收新队员。请给你的留学生朋友Eric写封邮件邀请他加入，内容包括：

1.球队活动；

2.报名方式及截止日期。

注意：

1.词数100左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【范文】

Dear Lessie,

Hearing that you will come to China as an exchange student, I want to express a warm welcome to you. I’m very glad that you wish to have a Chinese name. There is no doubt that it will help you better fit in with the Chinese culture.

A Chinese name usually consists of two or three characters, which often contain some special meanings, expectations or blessings. However, unlike an English name, the family name of Chinese is usually put first and then a given name follows. In addition, I have come up with several Chinese names, which are added to the E-mail attachment.

I hope you will like one of them and have a good time in China.

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua

6、学校外教Stacy暑假期间准备在本地开一家西餐小店，刊登广告为若干名高中生提供实践机会。下面是招聘启事：

4 middle school students are needed

Do service work and act as translator

Healthy and helpful

Contact: wfpub@gmail.com

假如你叫李华，愿意应聘。请写一封电子邮件，介绍自己的优势，并说明应聘的理由。

注意：1. 词数100左右；

2. 书信格式已给出；

3. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Stacy,

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua

【范文】

Dear Stacy,

I happened to have read your advertisement and have decided to apply for the job. The following is my self-introduction.

As a high school student, having been learning English for many years, I have a good command of English. Warm-hearted and outgoing, I am always willing to help others. In addition, by taking exercise every day, I am in good condition. Therefore, I am firmly convinced that I am qualified for this job.

By acting as a translator for you, unpaid as it is, not only will it enrich my life, but also it will of great benefit to me in the long run. Apart from gaining the opportunity to practice my spoken English, I can accumulate some valuable job experience.

I’d appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration. I am looking forward to your early reply!

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua

7、你校昨天举行了年度校园“科技节” (Science & Technology Day)。请你写一篇日记，内容包括：

1. 科技节的主要内容；

2. 你所参加的活动及原因；

3. 你的感想。

注意：1. 词数100左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【范文】

May 15th, Sunny

Dear Diary

Our school held the annual “Science & Technology Day” yesterday and I found it to be a hugely rewarding experience. Activities included technological knowledge quizzes, student research exhibitions and advanced technologies lectures. My classmates and I really enjoyed it all and deeply appreciated the efforts of the organizers.

I took part in the “create your own robot” competition, which was a great learning opportunity. The hand-on experience really helped me to better understand the theory behind robotics. 

Thanks to the festival, I have a much clearer understanding of technology and its applications than before. It has motivated me to focus on science as a career, and hopefully make a meaningful contribution to our society.

I can’t wait for the next festival.

8、假定你是李华。你们市要举行一年一度的国际风筝节，你的英国朋友Joe对中国的文化很感兴趣，因此 你想邀请他参加。请依据下列要点，给Joe写封电子邮件：

1. 风筝节的时间、地点；

2. 活动安排。

注意：1. 词数100左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【范文】

Dear Joe,

How is everything going with you? I’m writing to tell you a piece of good news that the International Kite Festival of this year will be held in the Central park in our city from next Saturday to Sunday. Knowing that you have an appetite for Chinese culture, I sincerely invite you to participate in it.

During the festival, you can enjoy many colorful and splendid shows by players from around the world. Besides, many experts will show people how to make kites and direct them to make their own kites. What’s more, a lot of pictures about kites will be shown during the festival, which I think will make you have a better knowledge of the history of kites.

Hoping to see you then. Best wishes!

Yours,

Li Hua