备战2023年春季英语新中考二轮复习热点透析 核心考点06 宾语从句

核心考点06  宾语从句

一、考向分析

宾语从句是中考必考的语法项目，每年各个省市的中考题都能渉及到这方面的题型，主要考查三个方面的内容：语序，连接词和时态。

宾语从句重点考查四个方面，即：时态、语序、引导词和人称。

二、考点详解

一、宾语从句的概念

宾语从句属于名词性从句，在句中作主句的宾语。

She asked if these answers were right.

二、宾语从句三要素

引导词（连接词）   语 序 时 态

三、重难点掌握

（一）引导词

1． 由从属连词that引导的宾语从句

由从属连词that引导的宾语从句

注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略

e.g.1. I hear (that) you passed the exam.

2. He said (that) his father was a singer.

3. The teacher told us (that) the sun rises in the east.

2． 由从属连词 whether, if 引导的宾语从句（重点掌握）

由从属连词whether, if 引导的宾语从句

if/ whether "是否"，说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在ask, wonder, can(could) you tell me 等后。

1. I want to know whether/if he is right.

2. I Ask him whether/if he likes me_.

3. I wonder _whether/if we can get there.

4. Could you tell me whether/if that film is interesting ?

◆只能用whether不能用if的情况

1.在介词后面：

I'm thinking of whether we should go fishing.

We are worried about whether it will rain tomorrow.

2.在动词不定式前：

They asked me whether to go skating.

3.当与or not连用，或提出两种选择时:

I don't know whether he's free or not.

Mary asked whether I was doing my homework or not.

Tell me whether you'd like to go shopping or tidy the room.

4.宾语从句提前时：

Whether this is true or not, I can't say.

3．由连接代词 Who,whom,whose,which, what和连接副词 where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句。

这些代词或副词连接主句和从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的意义，不可省略。

1. He asked who the man is.

2. Do you know whose book it is?

3. He asked what he could do for that.

4. Do you know which answer is the best?

5. Please tell me where the right way is.

6. Can you tell me how we can get there?

7. Could you tell me when we should meet?

（二）语序：陈述句语序

即：主句+连接词+从句（主+谓+其他成分）

Do you remember (他多大岁数)?

当从句的原句为以下句子以及what, who作主语时，语序不变：

What's wrong?

What's the matter?

What's happening?

What happened?

eg :I don't know what's the matter.

Can you tell me who is over there?

（三）时态：

1、主句用一般现在时，现在进行时或一般将来时等"现在"范畴的时态时，从句的时态根据需要来用，不受主句影响。

I want to know what time he got up this morning.

He will tell us that he has been able to look after himself.

They are saying that they really like this city.

2、主句用过去时，从句用与过去相关的时态。

Kate said there was a box under the desk.

They asked what he was doing then.

She asked whether I had seen her before.

3、从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象、名言时，仍用现在时。

Dad told us that it is better to do than to say.

He told the boy that three and three is six.

He told me the earth moves around the sun.

4、从句中有具体时间状语，即使从句动作发生在主句动作前，仍用一般过去时。

The teacher told me she was born in 1960.

三、真题再现

一、单项选择

1．（2021·贵州黔西·中考真题）Excuse me, do you know ________ buy some medicine? I’ve got a cold.

A．where can I B．where I can C．what can I D．what I can

2．（2021·西藏·中考真题）— I don’t know ________.

— At 3: 00 p.m. yesterday.

A．when the video meeting finished B．when did the video meeting finish

C．where the video meeting finished D．where did the video meeting finish

3．（2021·西藏·中考真题）I wonder if he ________ time tomorrow；if he ________ free, I’ll invite him to give a speech in our school.

A．will have; is B．has; will be C．will; have D．has;   is

4．（2021·辽宁沈阳·中考真题）—Do you know ________

—In the 1960s.

A．where Havoc in Heaven was created B．when Havoc in Heaven was created

C．where was Havoc in Heaven created D．when was Havoc in Heaven created

5．（2021·山东青岛·中考真题）There are many kinds of books in the library and you can choose ________ you like.

A．however B．whenever C．whoever D．whatever

6．（2021·山东济南·中考真题）—Excuse me. Do you know ________

—Yes. You can go to Furong Street.

A．where I can get some local snacks B．where does the boy come from

C．when can we travel to Hong Kong D．when did Jimmy come to Jinan

7．（2021·内蒙古内蒙古·中考真题）—Jerry, could you remember ________?

—Have you forgotten we agreed to go to the Summer Palace?

A．where we are going to after the exam B．where are we going to after the exam

C．where are we going after the exam D．where we are going after the exam

8．（2021·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）—The 2022 Winter Olympic Games will be held in China. Do you know ________?

—Yes. In Beijing and Zhangjiakou.

A．when it was held B．when was it held

C．what cities it will be held in D．what cities will it be held in

9．（2021·江苏镇江·中考真题）—When will Mr Liu come back to Zhenjiang?

—Sorry, I don’t know ________.

A．how long he will stay in Xinjiang B．how he went to Xinjiang

C．how soon will he be back from Xinjiang D．why he is going to Xinjiang

10．（2021·江苏无锡·中考真题）—Any news about China’s space station? Do you know ________?

—At the end of 2022, I think.

A．when it will be in service B．where it will be sent up

C．when will it be in service D．where will it be sent up

11．（2021·重庆·中考真题）—Do you know ________?

—Yes. Next week. I’m preparing for it.

A．when will we have the singing competition

B．when we will have the singing competition

C．where will we have the singing competition

D．where we will have the singing competition

12．（2021·安徽·中考真题）—I’m not sure ________ my suggestion is helpful to you.

—It certainly is. Every little bit helps.

A．why B．how C．whether D．where

13．（2021·四川泸州·中考真题）—Can you tell me ________ for the summer vacation?

—Why not volunteer at the museum?

A．what I should do B．what should I do C．when I should do D．when should I do

14．（2021·四川自贡·中考真题）—Could you tell me ________ at the meeting?

—Sorry, I don't know. I was not at the meeting.

A．what he would say B．what he said C．what did he say

15．（2021·重庆·中考真题）—I’m excited about Huawei’s new smartphones. Do you know ________?

—Next month.

A．how can I get one B．when will they come out

C．how I can get one D．when they will come out

二、完成句子

16．（2021·江苏无锡·中考真题）能否完成这项任务并不取决于你愿意花多少时间。

Whether you can finish this task ________ to spend on it.

17．（2021·辽宁丹东·中考真题）我们非常憧憬未来是什么样子的。

We’re really expecting ________.

18．（2021·湖北黄石·中考真题）你知道他什么时候带我去参观他的工厂吗？

Do you know when _________ _________ _________ me _________ his factory?

三、改写句子

19．（2021·上海·中考真题）“Have you visited the National Book Expo?” Linda asked me. （改为间接引语）

Linda asked me ________ I ________ visited the National Book Expo.

20．（2021·四川达州·中考真题）Could you tell us? When does the band start playing this evening?（两句合并成一句）

Could you tell us ________ the band ________ playing this evening?