人教版八年级下学期英语开学测试练习 B卷

这是一份人教版八年级下学期英语开学测试练习 B卷，共17页。试卷主要包含了单选题，完形填空，阅读理解，任务型阅读，根据汉语提示写出单词，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
人教版八年级下学期英语开学测试B卷满分：120分一、单选题（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）1.—What a nice dress!—That's for sure. My mother is _____ expert at making dresses.A. the  B. an  C. a  D./2.一May I go out for a while, Mom?
—No, you _____.You have to finish your homework first.A.shouldn't     B.needn't     C.mustn't     D.won't3.—There ________ an English party in our class next week.—That sounds great!A. is going to have B. is going to be C. will have D. are going to be4.There ______ a lot of traffic in the street. We will give to the government. A.are; some advicesB.is; some adviceC.is; an adviceD.are; some advice5.With the development of modern science, it’s            for us to get information from all over the world.A.slowerB.busierC.harderD.easier6.—Is _____ here?—Yes, we are all here.A. anybody  B. everybody C. somebody  D. nobody7.How _____ you grow! You are almost as tall as me now.A. cute  B. strong C. fast  D. straight8.Teenagers often choose to talk to friends about problems because they think they have a lot _____ and it's easy to understand each other.A. in half  B. in fact C. in common  D. in need9.Some people don't like to make plans because no one _____ what will happen tomorrow.A. is sure about  B. is excited about C. is happy about  D. is angry about10.The story made all of us_______, and we wanted him ______ one more. A. laugh; tellB.to laugh; to tellC.laugh; to tellD.to laugh; tell11.一What do you like to do on weekends? —I like watching TV. Culture in China is my favorite_______.A.foodB.sportC.programD.subject12.—I have a ________.—I’m sorry to hear that. You should not lift heavy things.A. cough B. fever C. cold D. backache13.A scientist will ________ our city and give us a report.A. arrive in B. go to C. get into D. reach for14.My grandmother isn’t feeling well and my mother ________ her very much.A. makes soup B. worries about C. shouts to D. is interested in15.—How’s it going?—________. I’m the last in the math test.A. Pretty good B. Not bad C. Terrible D. Great二、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）Zhang Jie was a 13-year-old student. He was on his way home last Monday evening. When he was in his lift, it suddenly stopped. Zhang decided to help himself out although he felt a little   16  . He tried to open the lift door, but he gave up the idea later and stood against the wall because he thought the   17   might fall down suddenly. He then pressed all the buttons(按钮), hoping it would make the lift   18   again, but it didn’t. Zhang then pressed the “stop” button to lock the lift to   19   it would not fall. Without a   20  , Zhang tried shouting loudly to get the attention of people outside, but nobody answered.   21  , the young boy didn’t give up. He sent out a note to   22   help through the door and hoped someone would pick it up and help him out. He knew it might   23   a long time before someone saved him. So he decided to do his homework after doing all these. When he almost finished his homework, he was   24   at last. On Weibo, many people spoke highly of the boy, because he could keep   25   in such a dangerous situation.16.A.excited B.relaxed C.scared D.interested17.A.wall B.door C.floor D.lift18.A.walk B.fall C.rise D.work19.A.make sure B.check in C.hold on D.look for20.A.interest B.note C.cellphone D.voice21.A.Unluckily B.However C.Soon D.Immediately22.A.pay for B.stand for C.leave for D.ask for23.A.spend B.take C.cost D.pay24.A.caught B.heard C.saved D.left25.A.busy B.comfortable C.calm D.healthy三、阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）   ANews One On December 8, 2019, a fire broke out at a factory building in Anaj Mandi area of Delhi, India. At least 43 workers died while they were sleeping and more than 50 got hurt. News Two In November 2019, fires spread (蔓延) across Lake Innes Nature Reserve, once home to koalas (树袋熊). About 600 koalas died while they were running away from the fires. As a result, koalas in New South Wales, Australia may die out by 2050. News Three At about 6 p.m. on March 30, 2019, a forest fire broke out in Liangshan, Sichuan, 27 firemen (消防员) and 4 helpers were killed in this forest fire. Thanks to these great men, the fire was fully controlled. News Four At about 7 p.m. on April 15, 2019, Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris caught fire. The fire spread quickly in an hour. At about 10 a.m. on April 16, 2019, the fire was put out. The building was well protected during the World War Ⅱ (二战), but it was destroyed (破坏) in time of peace. 26.Of the four fires, ________ broke out earliest.A.the fire in Delhi, IndiaB.the Liangshan forest fireC.the Notre Dame Cathedral fire27.How many people died in the Liangshan forest fire?A.600 B.43 C.3128.The Notre Dame Cathedral fire lasted for about ________ hours.A.27 B.15 C.1029.Which of the following is TRUE?A.The Liangshan forest fire broke out in summer.B.Koalas in New South Wales will die out by 2050.C.The factory in Delhi, India caught fire at night.30.The four pieces of news are mainly about ________.A.fires in 2019 B.what caused fires C.what happened after firesBMeng Chen is a student in Beijing. He goes to the Forbidden City almost every day. He tells visitors about the clocks in the Hall of Clocks (钟表馆). Meng is one of around 300 volunteer tour guides in the Forbidden City. One third of them are university students. They hang around the palace like other visitors，but with red  “volunteer” cards on their clothes.
Meng said he loves spending time in the buildings where 24 emperors (皇帝) spent their whole lives. “Every brick (砖)has a story to tell,” he said.
      But volunteer work is more than fun. Meng has to study for the job. It took him about three months to remember every detail (细节)of the clocks in the clock gallery.
      And it can be frustrating (令人沮丧的). Often tourists turn down volunteer guides. “Too many people are in a rush to finish sightseeing. They don’t have time to listen to us,” said Shi Hui. He is a university student who volunteers there. On his first day, Shi walked around for three hours until he found a man in his 50s who was happy to listen to him. “ It’s always fun to have listeners who are interested in your talk,” Shi said.
31. How often does Meng Chen volunteer in the Forbidden City?
A. Once a month.
B. Almost every day.
C. Twice a week.
D. Almost every weekend.
32. What does Meng Chen do in the Hall of Clocks?
A. He watches the clocks.
B. He repairs broken clocks.
C. He works as a tour guide.
D. He checks visitors9 tickets.
33. We can tell from the story that Shi Hui             .
A. enjoys being a volunteer
B. is tired of volunteering
C. is shy and serious
D. will become a tour guide after graduation
34. Volunteers working in the Forbidden Gity can be frustrated when    .
A. they cannot get enough money
B. people refuse to listen to them
C. they have too much work to do
D. they have to travel far to the Forbidden City
35. The passage is mainly about      .
A. where to find volunteer work
B. how to become a volunteer
C. experiences of some volunteers
D. things to be careful with as a volunteer
C     Friends are very important in our everyday life. Everyone needs friends. We all like to feel close to someone. It is nice to have a friend to talk, laugh and do things with. Certainly, sometimes we need to be alone .We don’t always want people around. But we would feel lonely if we never had a friend.
     No two people are just the same. Friends sometimes don’t get on well .That doesn’t mean that they no longer like each other. Most of the time they will make it up and become friends again.
     Sometimes friends move away. Then we feel very sad. We miss them very much but we can call them or write to them. We can also make new friends. It is encouraging to find out how much we like new people when we get to know them.
     There’s more good news for people who have friends. They live longer than people who don’t. Why? Friends can make us feel happy. Being happy helps you stay well. If someone cares about you, you will take better care of yourself.
36.People often feels _____ if they have no good friends.
A.happy
B.sad
C.lonely
D.unpopular
37.All people need friends because they______.
A.often feel lonely
B.like to feel close to each other
C.often move away
D.want to live longer
38.People make new friends when their old friends _______.
A.stay alone
B.are angry with them
C.move away
D.have new friends
39.If we can’t see our friends for a long time, we ______.
A.no longer love them
B.don’t get on well
C.can call them or write to them
D.will take better care of ourselves
40.From the passage, we learn that if people have many friends, they ______.
A.will be important
B.will have more good news
C.needn’t make new friends
D.will live happilyDJessie was driving home when the accident happened. A truck hit a car, but the truck driver didn’t stop. The truck was gone!
    Jessie thought that the people in the car must be badly hurt and she should help them. Not thinking of the danger, Jessie hurried to the other side of the road. Looking into the car, she saw two adults and two kids. Jessie was happy to see all of them alive, but the man, the driver, got badly hurt.
    Jessie pulled one of the car doors, but she couldn’t move it. She went to the next door and opened it a little. “Please get our kids out first,” said the woman. Jessie pulled the little boy out of the car first and then the little girl. She took them to a safe place. When she went back to get the parents out, she found the door couldn’t open wide enough for the parents to get out. Jessie thought of the toolbox in her car. She had something in it that could help get the door open. So she got the box quickly.
    As Jessie was working on the door, the father said, "Not many people would do what you’re doing. You are brave and great. Thank you so much.” You just take it easy, and I’ll get you out soon," said Jessie. As soon as she helped the woman and the man get out of the car, it caught fire.
41. What was Jessie doing when the accident happened?
A. She was going to work.
B. She was going home.
C. She was going to the hospital.
D. She was going shopping.
42. How many people did Jessie find in the car?
A. Three. B. Four.        C. Five. D. Six.
43. Who did Jessie get out of the car first?
A. The driver. B. The woman.
C. The little boy. D. The little girl.
44. Why did Jessie go and get the toolbox?
A. Because her phone was in the toolbox.
B. Because the toolbox was important to her.
C. Because she needed to get the car door open.
D. Because the father asked her to get the toolbox.
45. What do you think of Jessie?
A. She is clever and polite.
B. She is brave and kind.
C. She is friendly and funny.
D. She is active and careful.
四、任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）    Once upon a time, there was a rich man. He loved his son very much. Because he wanted to make his son have a happy life, he decided to send him to see a smart old man for advice on happiness. When the old man knew about this, he gave the boy an empty bowl and asked him to go to the river and fill the bowl with water. "If no water is spilt (洒) when you come back, I will tell you about it."    The boy walked to the river and came back with a bowl of water. The old man asked him, "Did you notice the beautiful flowers along the road and the birds singing in the trees?" The boy could say nothing about them because he paid much attention to the bowl in his hands.    The old man smiled and said, "Bring me another bowl of water and enjoy the flowers and the singing of birds."    When he came back, the boy could describe everything he had seen to the old man. But when he looked at his bowl, he found most water was gone. He forgot all about his bowl when he enjoyed the beautiful things along the road.    "Well, young man," the old man said. "Enjoy the beauty of the world, but never forget your dream in your heart. This is the secret of happiness."46.Why did the rich man decide to send his son to see a smart old man for advice?________________________________________47.What did the old man ask the boy to do?________________________________________48.How did the boy go to the river?________________________________________49.Could the boy describe the beautiful flowers and the singing birds at last?________________________________________50.What can you learn from the passage?________________________________________五、根据汉语提示写出单词（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）51.The girl cried when she saw the _____(血).52.She _____(打) him on the head with a book and he cried.53.The boy tried his best to make himself _____(理解).54.Han Jie is the _____ (主人) of the house. He bought it in 2017.55.Mum was ________（惊讶的）to find supper was ready when she came back yesterday.六、选择适当的句子补全对话，其中有两项为多余项（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）。A：Where are you going, David?
B：To Beijing.
A： It’s a long trip from here by bike. 56_________B： About two years.
A： 57_________B： There are five of us are making the trip.
A： 58_________
B： Because we are trying to collect some money.
A： 59__________
B：It will be given to an organization called Protecting Pandas.
A：That sounds great. 60__________ B： Thanks.A. Where did you go for the trip?B. What about you?
C. How long will it take you to complete it? D. Why are you making it?
E. What will you use the money for?
F. How many of you are making the trip?G. Good luck with your trip.七、书面表达（共1小题；满分25分）请根据表格中的提示，写一篇关于火灾的报道。词数80左右，可以适当发挥。A report about a fire时间昨天下午三点钟地点李先生家经过房子着火时，李先生的父亲独自一人在家，在客厅看电视；他很害怕，拨打了119电话；最终消防员们将他救出；他的右手臂受了伤。逃生提示给出火灾逃生提示（至少两点）。_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


 
答案以及解析一、1.答案：B解析：根据语境可知此处应用不定冠词表示泛指,故排除A项和D项; expert的发音以元音音素开头,故选B项。2.答案：C解析：句意:——妈妈,我可以出去一会儿吗?——不,你不可以。 你必须首先完成你的家庭作业。shouldn't不应该;needn't不必要;mustn't不允许,表示禁止;won't将不会。根据答语可知不同意出去玩。故选C。3.答案：B解析：由题干中的时间状语next week可知,本句用一般将来时。There be句型的一般将来时的结构是There will be和There is/are going to be。根据an English party可知本题选择B项。4. 答案：B解析：traffic是不可数名词,故be用单数;advice是不可数名词,没有复数形式。
5. 答案：D解析：句意:随着现代科学的发展,对我们来说从世界各地得到信息更容易了。根据句意可知选D。6.答案：B解析：anybody意为“任何人”; everybody意为“每个人”; somebody意为“某人”; nobody意为“没人”。结合答语可知问句是询问是否每个人都在这里,故选B项。7.答案：C解析：cute意为“可爱的”; strong意为“强壮的”; fast意为“快的; 迅速地”; straight意为“直接; 直的”。此处应用副词修饰动词grow,结合语境,故选C项。8.答案：C解析：have…in common意为“有……共同之处”,符合语境。in half意为“分成两半”; in fact意为“事实上”; in need意为“在困难中”。故选择C项。9.答案：A解析：be sure about sth.意为“对某事确定”; be excited about sth.意为“对某事感到兴奋”; be happy about sth.意为“对某事感到满意/放心”; be angry about sth.意为“对某事感到生气”。根据语境可知此处应选择A项。10.C解析：动词make后接省略to的不定式作宾补,而动词want常用的结构则是want sb. to do sth,因此答案为C。
11.C解析：根据答语的前一句“我喜欢看电视”可知说的是电视节目。12.答案：D解析：cough是“咳嗽”；fever是“发烧”；cold是“感冒”；backache是“背痛”。根据题意可知答案选D。故选D。13.答案：A解析：考查动词短语。arrive in 到达；go to去；get into 陷入；reach for 伸手去拿。根据“give us a report”可知科学家到达我们的城市，来作报告。故选A。14.答案：B解析：makes soup做汤；worries about担心；shouts to对……喊叫; is interested in对……感兴趣。根据"我奶奶身体不舒服"可知"我妈妈很担心她"。故选B。15.答案：C解析：A.Pretty good非常好；B.Not bad不错；C.Terrible真糟糕；D.Great太棒了；根据I'm the last in the math test.可知应说真糟糕。故选C。二、16.答案：C解析：句意：尽管张感到有点害怕，但他决定自救。excited兴奋的；relaxed放松的；scared害怕的；interested感兴趣的。根据“When he was in his lift, it suddenly stopped.”可知，当张杰乘坐的电梯突然停止时，他应该是感到有点害怕。故选C。17.答案：D解析：句意：他试图打开电梯门，但后来他放弃了这个想法，（他就）靠墙站着，因为他认为电梯可能会突然掉落。wall墙；door门；floor地板；lift电梯。根据“might fall down suddenly”可知，张杰被困于电梯中，他认为电梯可能会突然掉落。故选D。18.答案：D解析：句意：然后他按了所有的按钮，希望这样能让电梯再次运转，但电梯没有运转。walk行走；fall落下；rise上升；work工作，运转。根据“He then pressed all the buttons...”和“again”可知，此处指运转。张杰希望通过按动所有按钮的方法让电梯再次运转。故选D。19.答案：A解析：句意：然后张按下“停止”按钮以锁住电梯，确保电梯不会掉落。make sure确保；check in登记入住；hold on等等；look for寻找。根据“to lock the lift”和“...it would not fall.”可知，此处指确保电梯不会掉落。故选A。20.答案：C解析：句意：由于没有手机，张就大声呼喊以引起外面的人的注意，但没有人回应。interest兴趣；note便签；cellphone手机；voice声音。根据“... Zhang tried shouting loudly to get the attention of people outside...”可知，此处指手机。因为没有手机联系外面的人，张杰就只能大声呼喊以便引起外面的人的注意。故选C。21.答案：B解析：句意：但是，这个小男孩没有放弃。Unluckily不幸地；However然而，但是；Soon很快；Immediately立即。根据“but nobody answered...the young boy didn’t give up.”可知，虽然没有人回应，但是他也没有放弃，此处应用however表示转折。故选B。22.答案：D解析：句意：他从门缝里塞出一张纸条来寻求帮助，并且希望有人能捡起纸条并把他救出去。pay for支付；stand for代表；leave for动身前往；ask for要求。根据“help”可知，张杰从门缝里塞出纸条的目的是寻求帮助。故选D。23.答案：B解析：句意：他知道可能要过很长时间才会有人来救他。spend花费，度过；take需要……时间；cost花费；pay付费。根据“a long time”及句子结构可知，此处考查固定句式：It takes sb. some time to do sth.“某人做某事花费……时间”。故选B。24.答案：C解析：句意：当他几乎写完作业的时候，他最终被救了。caught抓住；heard听到；saved救，拯救；left离开。根据“at last”和“...many people spoke highly of the boy...”可知，他最后被救出来了。故选C。25.答案：C解析：句意：在微博上，很多人高度称赞这个男孩，因为他在如此危险的境况中还能保持冷静。busy忙的；comfortable舒适的；calm冷静的；healthy健康的。根据“...many people spoke highly of the boy...”可知，此处指冷静。很多人称赞张杰，因为他能在危险的境况中能保持冷静。故选C。三、A26.答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据“On December 8, 2019, a fire broke out at a factory building in Anaj Mandi area of Delhi, India.”；“At about 6 p.m. on March 30, 2019, a forest fire broke out in Liangshan”以及“At about 7 p.m. on April 15, 2019. Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris caught fire.”可知，凉山森林火灾发生的最早，故选B。27.答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据“At about 6 p.m. on March 30, 2019, a forest fire broke out in Liangshan, Sichuan, 27 firemen (消防员) and 4 helpers were killed in this forest fire.”可知，27名消防员和4名助手在这场森林大火中丧生，一共31人死亡，故选C。28.答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据“At about 7 p.m. on April 15, 2019. Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris caught fire. The fire spread quickly in an hour. At about 10 a.m. on April 16, 2019, the fire was put out.”可知，2019年4月15日晚7时许，巴黎圣母院发生火灾，2019年4月16日上午10时许，大火被扑灭。所以这场火灾持续了15个小时，故选B。29.答案：C解析：推理判断题。根据“On December 8, 2019, a fire broke out at a factory building in Anaj Mandi area of Delhi, India. At least 43 workers died while they were sleeping and more than 50 got hurt.”可知，这家位于印度德里的工厂在夜间起火的，故选C。30.答案：A解析：主旨大意题。分析四则新闻可知，都是介绍发生在2019年的火灾，故选A。B答案：BCABC解析：31. B 细节理解题。由第一段中的“ He goes to the Forbidden City almost every day."可知孟晨几乎每天都去故宫做志愿者，故选B项。
32. C 细节理解题。由第一段中的“ Meng is one of around 300 volunteer tour guides in the Forbidden city. ”可知他在钟表馆的工作是导游，故选C项。
33. A推理判断题。由最后一段中的It’s always fun to have listeners who are interested in your talk可知他喜欢这份工作，故选A项。
34. B细节理解题。由最后一段中的“ And it can be frustrating. Often tourists turn down volunteer guides. ” 可知当游客拒绝志愿者指导时是令人沮丧的。故选B项。
35. C主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了两名学生在故宫 &志愿者的经历，因此选择C项。
C答案：36.C; 37.B; 38.C; 39.C; 40.D解析：36.根据But we would feel lonely if we never had a friend.答案选C。
37.根据短文内容及句子We all like to feel close to someone.可知选B。
38.从短文第三段的内容中可知当老朋友走了,人们一般还是会交新朋友的。
39.根据句中We miss them very much but we can call them or write to them.可知选C正确。
40.从短文最后一段的内容中我们知道朋友可以使我们快乐,从而活得更长久。D答案：41-45 BBCCB解析：41. B 细节理解题。由第一段中的"Jessie was driving home when the accident happened可知答案为 B。
42. B细节理解题；由第二段中的"Looking into the car, she saw two adults and two kids"可知，车里有两个成人和两个孩子。 故选B。
43.C 细节理解题。由第三段中的"Jessie pulled the little boy out of the car first and then the little girl可知答案为 C。
44.C细节理解题。由第三段中的"She had something in it that could help get the door open"可知，她需要打开车门，所以她去取工具箱。故选C。
45. B细节理解题。由第四段中那位父亲对杰西的评价"You are brave and great"可知答案为B。
四、46.答案：Because he/the rich man wanted to make解析：根据第一段第三his son have a happy life.句可知富人想要儿子过上幸福的生活。47.答案：The old man/He asked the boy to go to the river and fill the bowl with water.解析：根据第一段第四句可知老人叫男孩去河边把碗装满水。48.答案：The boy/He walked to the river./On foot.解析：根据第二段第一句可知男孩是走到河边的。49.答案：Yes (, he could).解析：根据第四段第一句可知男孩最后可以描述他所看见的所有事物。50.答案：The secret of happiness is to enjoy the beauty of the world, but never forget your dream in your heart.解析：本文通过这个故事介绍了幸福的秘诀,根据最后一段可知答案。五、51.答案：blood52.答案：hit53.答案：understood54.答案：owner55.答案：surprised解析：句意：妈妈昨天回来时发现晚饭准备好了，感到很惊讶。根据汉语提示可知，surprised“惊讶的”，ed结尾的形容词用于修饰人。故填surprised。六、答案：56-60 CFDEC七、答案：A report about a fireThere was a fire at Mr Li’s home at three o’clock yesterday afternoon. When the house caught fire, his father was alone at home, and he was watching TV in the living room. He was very frightened and he called 119. Finally the firemen helped him out. His right arm was hurt. Fire is very dangerous. We should be careful with it. When our building is on fire, try to get out as soon as possible. We should use a wet towel to cover our mouth and nose and stay low to the ground to protect ourselves from thick smoke.