2022-2023学年河北省石家庄市高三上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年河北省石家庄市高三上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版），共24页。试卷主要包含了 15等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年一学期高三年级期末考试
英语
(时间120分钟,满分150分)
注意事项：
1.答卷前, 考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时, 选出每小题答案后, 用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目 的答案标号涂黑。如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案标号。回 答非选择题时, 将答案写在答题卡上, 写在本试卷上无效。
第一部分听力(共两节, 满分30分)
做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后, 你将有两分钟的 时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回 答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19. 15. B. £9. 18. C. £9. 15.
答案是C。
1. What is the man most satisfied with about the new job?
A. The location. B. The pay. C. The vacation time.
2. What is the man doing?
A. Asking for information. B. Giving directions. C. Waiting for a bus.
3. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In a shopping mall. B. In a supermarket. C. In the street.
4. What does the woman decide to do?
A. Go climbing. B. Buy camping equipment. C. Stay at home.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. What to eat today.
B. Where to find the menu.
C. How to post a notice online.
第二节供15小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所 给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将 有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟;听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作 答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。
6. What does the woman want to do?
A. Reserve a vehicle.
B. Collect a vehicle.
C. Purchase a vehicle.
7. What does the man offer to do?
A. Bring an agreement.
B. Send a confirmation number.
C. Search the database.
听第7段材料, 回答第8、9题。
8. What does the man think of the video?
A. Amazing. B. Traditional. C. Boring.
9. What makes the dancing special according to the woman?
A. The music. B. The costumes. C. The routines.
听第8段材料, 回答第10至12题。
10. Where do the speakers work?
A. In a real estate firm.
B. In a construction company.
C. In the local council.
11. What is under construction at the waterfront?
A. A new cinema. B. A sports complex. C. A swimming pool.
12. What will the man do next?
A. Meet a house owner.
B. View an apartment.
C. Update the online lists.
听第9段材料, 回答第13至16题。
13. What’s the main purpose of Eric and his father taking the cycle trip?
A. To raise money for charities.
B. To spend time together.
C. To break their usual routine.
14. What made a day happier during the trip?
A. Riding for a long distance.
B. Chatting with the local people.
C. Enjoying the sunshine on the face.
15. What is Eric now?
A. He’s a student. B. He’s a host. C. He’s a coach.
16. What does Eric want to do?
A. Take another long ride.
B. Go cycling on weekends.
C. Participate in competitions.
听第10段材料, 回答第17至20题。
17. What will the railway company do with the car park?
A. Change it for a multi-story one.
B. Enlarge the parking area.
C. Connect it to the high street.
18. What does the speaker say about the library?
A. It will move to a different site.
B. It will close for about six weeks.
C. It will extend the opening hours.
19. What change will be made to the nature reserve?
A. The council will offer the fond to it.
B. There will be a charge for access to it.
C. A national organization will manage it.
20. What’s the speaker doing?
A. Announcing some plans. B. Giving a lecture. C. Introducing a town.
第二部分阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选 项。
A
Summer High School Programs of Boston University
High School Honors
Ready to push your limits academically? Excited to get out of your comfort zone, explore new subjects, and earn college credits? If this sounds like you and you are entering your junior or senior year, High School Honors offers a Boston University pre-college experience that will challenge you and enrich your knowledge.
Program begins: July 5
Program ends: August 5
Academic Immersion (AIM)
If you want to focus on a specific subject for about three weeks, AIM is for you. It combines classroom work and theoretical studies with practical applications and activities based on experiences including field trips and group projects. In addition to experiencing college life, you’ll gain invaluable insight into potential career paths. This program is open to high school juniors and seniors.
Program begins: July 2
Program ends: July 21
Summer Challenge
It’s called Summer Challenge because it pushes you in so many ways. You will explore your interests, discover new ones, test your academic boundaries, and experience the college life. Along the way, you will make new friends and get to know more about Boston University. If you’re a high school senior, you’re in for a few unforgettable weeks.
Program begins: July 3
Program ends: August 14
RISE Practicum
If you’re crazy about science and are a student currently in your junior year of high school, we invite you to apply for the Research in Science & Engineering (RISE) program. You will research with some of the nation’s brightest scientific minds while advancing your STEM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics) knowledge and skills.
Program begins: July 6
Program ends: August 11
1. What do High School Honors and Academic Immersion have in common?
A. They enable students to earn college credits.
B. They involve students in the outdoor activities.
C. They provide advice on students9 potential career.
D. They are intended for high school juniors and seniors.
2. Which program lasts the longest?
A. High School Honors. B. Academic Immersion.
C. Summer Challenge. D. RISE Practicum.
3. What can you do in RISE Practicum?
A. Advance social skills. B. Research with great scientists.
C. Explore new interests. D. Test engineering knowledge.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了几个波士顿大学暑期高中课程。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据小标题High School Honors下的段落中“If this sounds like you and you are entering your junior or senior year, High School Honors offers a Boston University pre-college experience that will challenge you and enrich your knowledge.(如果这听起来像是你正在进入高三或高四，高中荣誉课程将为你提供波士顿大学大学预科课程，这将挑战你并丰富你的知识)”以及小标题Academic Immersion (AIM)下的段落中“This program is open to high school juniors and seniors.(这个项目面向高中三年级和四年级学生)”可知High School Honors和Academic Immersion的共同之处是，它们面向高中三年级和四年级学生。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据小标题High School Honors下的“Program begins: July 5，Program ends: August 5(项目开始时间:7月5日，项目结束时间:8月5日)”可知，持续31天，根据小标题Academic Immersion (AIM)下的“Program begins: July 2，Program ends: July 21(项目开始时间:7月2日，项目结束时间:7月21日)”可知，持续20天，根据小标题Summer Challenge下的“Program begins: July 3，Program ends: August 14(项目开始时间:7月3日，项目结束时间:8月14日)”可知，持续42天，根据小标题RISE Practicum下的“Program begins: July 6，Program ends: August 11(项目开始时间:7月6日，项目结束时间:8月11日)”可知，持续36天，所以四个项目中持续时间最长是的Summer Challenge。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据小标题RISE Practicum下的段落中“You will research with some of the nation’s brightest scientific minds while advancing your STEM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics) knowledge and skills.(你将与美国最聪明的科学家一起研究，同时提高你的STEM(科学、技术、工程和数学)知识和技能)”可知，在RISE实习课程中你将和伟大的科学家一起研究。故选B项。
B
When I was six, I embarrassed a boy in class by telling the teacher he’d wet himself. He sat far behind me but I smelled it, intensely. He was so upset that my grandmother was called into school. When we got home, she warned, “Never use your sense of smell for that again.” She explained that I, like her, had hereditary hyperosmia, meaning I’m a super-smeller.
My husband Les and I both pursued medical careers. One day, I was struck by the smell of a patient. I later learned that she had diabetes (糖尿病) and what I smelled was raised ketones, a chemical produced by the liver (肝). I knew doctors wouldn’t accept my diagnoses (诊断), so I stayed quiet.
In 1982, before Les’s 32nd birthday, I smelt something strange on him. I thought it might be the air of’ the place he worked in. Twelve years later, in 1994, he was diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease. It wasn’t until the last months of his life, more than 20 years later, that we discovered I could detect the disease in others, too.
We felt a responsibility to do something. We attended a lecture by Prof. Kunath, a neurobiologist. I asked, “Why is the smell of Parkinson’s not being used for early diagnosis?, , He didn’t answer and we left, disappointed. But four months later, he called our home. He had found me after relaying my question to a colleague, who told him, “You must find her.” We began to work as a team to prove my theory.
When Les died in 2015, he made me promise I’d carry on the research. I spent time in labs, smelling sufferers9 skin oil on swabs (棉签). I could detect whether the person had Parkinson’s with 95% accuracy. This year, our research team published a breakthrough: a three-minute test that can detect the disease by running a swab along someone’s neck.
I’ve become known and delivered many lectures. I’m working on detecting cancers and tuberculosis. I never imagined, at 72, this would be my lift’s work. I constantly think about how I lost my Les, but also how I finally fulfilled my promise.
4. What did the author do when she smelt something strange on her husband?
A. She took the smell lightly. B. She drove him to hospital.
C. She warned him of a disease. D. She made him shower more.
5. Why did Prof. Kunath call the author?
A. To make an apology to her.
B. To invite her for a specific research.
C. To discuss her husband’s disease.
D. To promote her to a higher position.
6. How was a patient’s Parkinson’s detected according to Paragraph 5?
A. By having a brief talk with the doctor.
B. By taking a blood examination.
C. By conducting a short and easy skin test.
D. By rubbing a swab in the nose.
7. What does the author think of her present work?
A. Painful. B. Tiring. C. Easy. D. Rewarding.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者患有遗传性嗅觉过敏症，她发现自己能闻到有病的人身上特殊的气味，和同伴就这个问题展开研究，最后发明了一种快速的疾病检测方法。
4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“In 1982, before Les’s 32nd birthday, I smelt something strange on him. I thought it might be the air of’ the place he worked in.(1982年，在莱斯32岁生日之前，我在他身上闻到了一种奇怪的味道。我想可能是因为他工作的地方的空气)”可推知，作者以为丈夫身上奇怪的味道可能是因为他工作的地方的空气，所以她对那股气味毫不在意。故选A项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段段中“But four months later, he called our home. He had found me after relaying my question to a colleague, who told him, “You must find her.” We began to work as a team to prove my theory.(但四个月后，他给我们家打了电话。他是在把我的问题转告给一位同事后找到我的，那位同事告诉他：“你必须找到她。”我们开始作为一个团队来证明我的理论)”可推知，Kunath教授给作者打电话是为了邀请她做一个具体的研究。故选B项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“This year, our research team published a breakthrough: a three-minute test that can detect the disease by running a swab along someone’s neck.(今年，我们的研究团队发表了一项突破：一种三分钟的测试，可以通过在某人的脖子上擦拭棉签来检测疾病)”可知，他们发明了一种方法，通过一个简单的皮肤测试检测出患者的帕金森症。故选C项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“I’ve become known and delivered many lectures. I’m working on detecting cancers and tuberculosis. I never imagined, at 72, this would be my lift’s work. I constantly think about how I lost my Les, but also how I finally fulfilled my promise.(我已为人所知，并发表了许多演讲。我正在研究癌症和肺结核。我从未想过，在72岁时，这会是我的工作。我一直在想我是如何失去我的莱斯的，但我也最终实现了我的承诺)”可推知，作者完全没想到这会是自己的工作，所以她认为现在的工作是一种奖励。故选D项。
C
The widespread sedentary (久坐不动的) lifestyle has become a problem in America, fueling the rising obesity (肥胖) rate.
Now a new study finds that being surrounded by active friends can help a person living a sedentary lifestyle get more exercise each day. Researchers at the US Military Academy found that people in social groups where exercise is valued are more likely to be more active themselves. Lonely people are more likely to live sedentary lifestyles without another person around to give them a boost. The findings highlight the idea that the company a person keeps can be a boost to their overall health and direction in life.
Dr. Diana Thomas, a professor at a military school and study author said that the idea for the research came from real life experiences on the campus. Her team had noticed a trend of people becoming more interested in fitness and other activities once arriving at the school. This is not usually the case at other schools and workplaces, where there is no significant impact on fitness. Thomas believed that this trend could be the result of in-group social conditioning, where people will take part in activities that others around them are doing.
People whose data were gathered for the study were split into three groups based on their physical activity level 一 sedentary, moderately and extremely active. Moderately active folks were the most important for drawing people who are sedentary to become active, and to sustain that activity. Thomas explained that sedentary people would be unlikely to change their behavior when placed in a group of the extremely active, as it would seem unattainable.
8. Why does the author mention the rising obesity rate in the first paragraph?
A. To make comparisons. B. To introduce the topic.
C. To support the argument. D. To provide examples.
9. What helps a sedentary person become active?
A. Volunteering in social groups.
B. Working in a caring company.
C. Joining sports-loving friends.
D. Giving a lonely neighbor a boost.
10. What might have caused the trend at the military school?
A. Requirements from the school.
B. People’s natural addition to sports.
C. Social interaction within a group.
D. Competition against other schools.
11. Why are extremely active people less influential according to Dr. Thomas?
A. They have no appeal for sedentary people.
B. They are unwilling to involve sedentary people.
C. They themselves often fail to sustain exercising.
D. They seem like an example beyond sedentary people.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，身边有活跃的朋友可以帮助久坐不动的人每天得到更多的锻炼。
8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“The widespread sedentary (久坐不动的) lifestyle has become a problem in America, fueling the rising obesity (肥胖) rate.(在美国，普遍的久坐生活方式已经成为一个问题，加剧了肥胖率的上升)”以及第二段首句“Now a new study finds that being surrounded by active friends can help a person living a sedentary lifestyle get more exercise each day. (现在一项新的研究发现，身边有活跃的朋友可以帮助久坐不动的人每天得到更多的锻炼)”可推知，作者在第一段提到了不断上升的肥胖率，是为了介绍主题，如何降低肥胖率。故选B项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Researchers at the US Military Academy found that people in social groups where exercise is valued are more likely to be more active themselves. Lonely people are more likely to live sedentary lifestyles without another person around to give them a boost. The findings highlight the idea that the company a person keeps can be a boost to their overall health and direction in life.(美国军事学院的研究人员发现，在重视锻炼的社会群体中，人们自己也更有可能活跃起来。孤独的人更有可能过着久坐不动的生活方式，身边没有人给他们鼓励。研究结果强调了一个观点，即一个人的同伴可以促进他们的整体健康和生活方向)”可知，热爱运动的朋友可以帮助久坐的人变得活跃起来。故选C项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Thomas believed that this trend could be the result of in-group social conditioning, where people will take part in activities that others around them are doing.(托马斯认为，这种趋势可能是群体内社会条件作用的结果，在群体内，人们会参与周围其他人正在做的活动)”可知，群体内的社会互动导致了军校的这种趋势。故选C项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Moderately active folks were the most important for drawing people who are sedentary to become active, and to sustain that activity. Thomas explained that sedentary people would be unlikely to change their behavior when placed in a group of the extremely active, as it would seem unattainable.(适度运动的人是吸引久坐的人变得活跃并保持这种活动的最重要的因素。托马斯解释说，久坐不动的人在一组极度活跃的人群中不太可能改变他们的行为，因为这似乎是不可能实现的)”可推知，常活跃的人对久坐不动的人没有吸引力，所以影响力更小。故选A项。
D
Whales, particularly baleen and sperm whales, are among the largest creatures on Earth. Their presence in the ocean shapes the ecosystems around them. These creatures are also helping to determine the temperature of the planet.
When whales die, they sink to the ocean floor and all the carbon that is stored in their extremely large bodies is transferred from surface waters to the deep sea, where it remains for centuries or more. Scientists found that before industrial whaling, populations of whales would have sunk between 190, 000 to 1. 9 million tonnes of carbon per year to the bottom of the ocean, which equals taking between 40, 000 and 410, 000 cars off the road each year. But when they are killed and their bodies are prevented from sinking to the seabed, that carbon is released into the atmosphere.
But whales are not only valuable in death. The tides of excrement(排泄物) that whales produce are also surprisingly relevant to the climate. Their iron-rich excrement creates the perfect growing conditions for phytoplankton(浮游植物). These creatures may be microscopic, but, taken together, they have a great influence on the planet’s atmosphere, absorbing about 40% of all CO2 produced, four times the amount absorbed by the Amazon rainforest.
“Whaling has removed a huge organic carbon pump from the ocean that would have been having a much larger multiplying effect on phytoplankton productivity and the ocean’s ability to absorb carbon, ” says Vicki James, policy manager at Whale and Dolphin Conservation.
What this means is that restoring whale populations to their pre-whaling numbers could be an important tool in fighting climate change, and helping to slightly reduce the large amount of CO2 from fossil fuels every year.
12. What happens to the carbon stored in whales after they are hunted?
A. It remains in their bodies. B. It enters the atmosphere.
C. It sinks to the deep sea. D. It transfers to surface waters.
13. What does the underlined word “microscopic” mean in Paragraph 3?
A. Tiny. B. Destructive. C. Extinct. D. Rare.
14. What can we infer from the text?
A. Whales are more valuable after they die.
B. Excrement of whales accelerates global warming.
C. 40% of CO2 is absorbed by the Amazon rainforest.
D. Whaling has a negative influence on climate change.
15. Which is the best title of the text?
A. What We can Do to Save Whales
B. How Whales Help Cool the Earth
C. What is Climate Change Doing to Whales
D. Why Whale Populations are Declining Sharply
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了捕鲸对气候的影响。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“But when they are killed and their bodies are prevented from sinking to the seabed, that carbon is released into the atmosphere.(但是当它们被杀死时，它们的尸体被阻止沉入海底，碳就会被释放到大气中)”可知，鲸鱼被猎杀后，储存在鲸鱼体内的碳会被释放到大气中。故选B项。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据前文“Their iron-rich excrement creates the perfect growing conditions for phytoplankton.(它们富含铁的排泄物为浮游植物创造了完美的生长条件)”可知，划线词所在句中的主语These creatures指的是浮游植物，再根据后文“but, taken together, they have a great influence on the planet’s atmosphere(但加在一起，它们对地球的大气有很大的影响)”结合常识可推知，此处表达“浮游植物虽然很小，但是加在一起，它们对地球的大气有很大的影响”之意，所以可推知microscopic意为“微小的”之意，和A项“Tiny”意思相近。故选A项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“Their iron-rich excrement creates the perfect growing conditions for phytoplankton. These creatures may be microscopic, but, taken together, they have a great influence on the planet’s atmosphere, absorbing about 40% of all CO2 produced, four times the amount absorbed by the Amazon rainforest.(它们富含铁的排泄物为浮游植物创造了完美的生长条件。这些生物可能是微观的，但加在一起，它们对地球的大气有很大的影响，吸收了所有产生的二氧化碳的40%，是亚马逊雨林吸收量的四倍)”倒数第二段中““Whaling has removed a huge organic carbon pump from the ocean that would have been having a much larger multiplying effect on phytoplankton productivity and the ocean’s ability to absorb carbon, ” says Vicki James, policy manager at Whale and Dolphin Conservation.(鲸鱼和海豚保护组织的政策经理Vicki James说:“捕鲸已经从海洋中移除了一个巨大的有机碳泵，这将对浮游植物的生产力和海洋吸收碳的能力产生更大的影响。”)”可推知，捕鲸会降低浮游植物的数量，从而降低碳的吸收量，对气候有很大影响，所以捕鲸对气候变化有负面影响。故选D项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Whales, particularly baleen and sperm whales, are among the largest creatures on Earth. Their presence in the ocean shapes the ecosystems around them. These creatures are also helping to determine the temperature of the planet.(鲸鱼，尤其是须鲸和抹香鲸，是地球上最大的生物之一。它们在海洋中的存在塑造了它们周围的生态系统。这些生物也有助于确定地球的温度)”以及最后一段“What this means is that restoring whale populations to their pre-whaling numbers could be an important tool in fighting climate change, and helping to slightly reduce the large amount of CO2 from fossil fuels every year.(这意味着，将鲸鱼数量恢复到捕鲸前的数量可能是应对气候变化的重要工具，并有助于略微减少每年化石燃料产生的大量二氧化碳)”可知，本文主要讲述了鲸鱼对气候的影响，主要是能减少大量二氧化碳，减少温室效应，所以B项“How Whales Help Cool the Earth(鲸鱼如何帮助地球降温)”是本文最好的标题。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选 项中有两项为多余选项。
Food waste has become a severe problem across the world due to a lack of understanding of how to effectively use food and conserve it. Roughly one- third of the food produced globally is either lost or wasted every year. ___16___
Stop Food Waste Day is an international day of action in the fight against food waste. It began back in 2017 by Compass Group, one of the world’s largest food-service companies serving restaurants, cafes, hospitals, schools, and more. ___17___ On this day, Compass country teams will work together to raise awareness of the critical food waste problem and inspire change.
Stop Food Waste Day aims to educate people about their food waste.___18___ Stop Food Waste Day hopes to change the way leftovers are used, so people can take the most significant advantage of what food they use.
The Compass Group focuses the efforts of its mission by teaching their chefs how to track and reduce waste as much as possible. They also seek to donate more than 250, 000 pounds of food each year to local food banks.
___19___ Show your support by looking up simple recipes to best use leftovers and fresh produce. Before food shopping, plan ahead by making a list and only buying what you know you’ll use. ___20___
Get into the habit of freezing leftovers, instead of throwing them in the rubbish. Besides, help teach people about the benefits of saving food waste.
A. It brings 30 countries together.
B. Now it’s your turn to take action.
C. Food waste, however, can be stopped.
D. Help schedule cooking demonstrations and share recipes.
E. More importantly, it offers creative and impactful solutions.
F. Compass Group promised to reduce food waste by 30% by 2025.
G. Also avoid wasting food by seeing what needs to be used up before you go shopping.
【答案】16. C 17. F 18. E 19. D 20. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了食物浪费已经成为一个严重的问题，介绍了“停止食物浪费日”是一个打击食物浪费的国际行动日。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Food waste has become a severe problem across the world due to a lack of understanding of how to effectively use food and conserve it. Roughly one- third of the food produced globally is either lost or wasted every year.(由于缺乏对如何有效利用和保存食物的了解，食物浪费已经成为一个严重的问题。每年全球生产的粮食大约有三分之一不是丢失就是浪费)”结合后文提到了停止食物浪费日，可知，本句与上文构成转折，故C选项“然而，食物浪费是可以停止的”符合语境，故选C。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Stop Food Waste Day is an international day of action in the fight against food waste. It began back in 2017 by Compass Group, one of the world’s largest food-service companies serving restaurants, cafes, hospitals, schools, and more.(“停止食物浪费日”是一个打击食物浪费的国际行动日。它始于2017年，由Compass集团创办，Compass集团是世界上最大的食品服务公司之一，为餐厅、咖啡馆、医院、学校等提供服务)”以及后文“On this day, Compass country teams will work together to raise awareness of the critical food waste problem and inspire change.(在这一天，Compass国家团队将共同努力，提高人们对严重粮食浪费问题的认识，并鼓励变革)”可知，上文提到了Compass集团，故本句承接上文继续介绍Compass集团对食物浪费的态度，下文就是其具体行动，故F选项“Compass集团承诺到2025年减少30%的食物浪费”符合语境，故选F。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Stop Food Waste Day aims to educate people about their food waste.(“停止食物浪费日”旨在教育人们减少食物浪费)”以及后文“Stop Food Waste Day hopes to change the way leftovers are used, so people can take the most significant advantage of what food they use.(“停止食物浪费日”希望改变剩饭剩菜的使用方式，这样人们就能最大限度地利用他们所使用的食物)”可知，后文提到了“停止食物浪费日”希望改变剩饭剩菜的使用方式，即为减少食物浪费提供了解决方案，故E选项“更重要的是，它提供了创造性和有影响力的解决方案”符合语境，故选E。
【19题详解】
根据后文“Show your support by looking up simple recipes to best use leftovers and fresh produce. Before food shopping, plan ahead by making a list and only buying what you know you’ll use.(通过查找简单的食谱来表达你的支持，最好地利用剩菜和新鲜农产品。在购买食物之前，提前计划好，列一张清单，只买你知道你会用的东西)”可知，后文提到了食谱对减少食物浪费的作用。故D选项“帮助安排烹饪示范并分享食谱”符合语境，故选D。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Show your support by looking up simple recipes to best use leftovers and fresh produce. Before food shopping, plan ahead by making a list and only buying what you know you’ll use.(通过查找简单的食谱来表达你的支持，最好地利用剩菜和新鲜农产品。在购买食物之前，提前计划好，列一张清单，只买你知道你会用的东西)”可知，上文提到了在购买食物之前，提前计划好，列一张清单，只买你知道你会用的东西，即在购物之前就选好食物，避免浪费。故G选项“在你去购物之前，也要看看哪些食物需要消耗掉，以避免浪费食物”符合语境，故选G。
第三部分英语语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入 . 空白处的最佳选项。
Last year in October, my family and I took our first camping trip. My whole family ___21___ , which was the most important part of the trip for me. My siblings (兄弟姐妹)are adults with different ___22___ , which makes it difficult for us to___23___ an activity like this.
We had set up the tent when it suddenly started raining.___24___ , we had positioned the tent on a high flat surface where ___25___ could not come into our tent. Even with the rain, I had never been happier.
While we were all ___26___the sound of the rain, my mom cooked a warm meal for the family. Over the dinner, my father told us ___27___ stories about his childhood, which made us burst into laughter. At night, it was a bit cold. My sisters and I grabbed a ___28___and chatted about our daily life. Soon, a hot meal and a good ___29___ warmed us up.
I realized how ___30___ it was camping under the sound of the rain. I came to understand why my parents were so ___31___ about camping.
The next day, we ___32___ our belongings and headed home. I’m very ___33___ for this camping trip. Not only did I experience the beauty of the forest, but I also learned that even if the ___34___ is not the best for camping, we can adapt to Mother Nature as a family to make unforgettable ___35___ .
21. A. cheered up B. ran away C. got together D. settled down
22. A. lives B. principles C. abilities D. problems
23. A. report B. sponsor C. plan D. cancel
24. A. Strangely B. Obviously C. Similarly D. Luckily
25. A. wind B. water C. animals D. hikers
26. A. expecting B. describing C. enjoying D. imagining
27. A. touching B. awful C. shocking D. funny
28. A. blanket B. phone C. basket D. tent
29 A. negotiation B. game C. conversation D. sleep
30. A. tough B. unique C. expensive D. popular
31. A. particular B. disappointed C. concerned D. enthusiastic
32. A. packed up B. picked out C. left behind D. set aside
33. A. eager B. grateful C. sorry D. suitable
34. A. budget B. season C. equipment D. weather
35. A. summaries B. memories C. lessons D. contributions
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者和全家一起度过了一次难忘的露营之旅。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：全家人聚在一起，这对我来说是这次旅行最重要的部分。A. cheered up振奋起来；B. ran away逃跑；C. got together在一起；D. settled down安定下来。根据前文“Last year in October, my family and I took our first camping trip.”可知，是作者家人第一次去露营，所以是全家聚在一起。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的兄弟姐妹都是有各自生活的成年人，这让我们很难计划这样的活动。A. lives生活；B. principles原则；C. abilities能力；D. problems问题。根据前文“My siblings are adults”可知，作者的兄弟姐妹都是成年人了，所以有各自的生活。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的兄弟姐妹都是有各自生活的成年人，这让我们很难计划这样的活动。A. report报告；B. sponsor赞助；C. plan计划；D. cancel取消。根据前文“My siblings (兄弟姐妹)are adults with different 　　　2　　　 ”可知，作者的兄弟姐妹都是有各自生活的成年人，所以让他们很难计划这样的活动。故选C项。
24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，我们把帐篷安置在一个很高的平面上，这样水就不会进入我们的帐篷。A. Strangely奇怪地；B. Obviously明显地；C. Similarly相似地；D. Luckily幸运的是。根据前文“We had set up the tent when it suddenly started raining.”以及后文“we had positioned the tent on a high flat surface”可知，下雨了，幸运的是，作者一家把帐篷安置在一个很高的平面上。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，我们把帐篷安置在一个很高的平面上，这样水就不会进入我们的帐篷。A. wind风；B. water水；C. animals动物；D. hikers徒步旅行者。根据前文“We had set up the tent when it suddenly started raining.”可知，开始下雨了，所以是水不会进入我们的帐篷。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们都在享受雨声时，妈妈为家人做了一顿温暖的饭菜。A. expecting预期；B. describing描述；C. enjoying享受；D. imagining想象。根据后文“the sound of the rain”结合前文常识可知，作者一家去露营，所以此处表达“享受雨声”之意。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：吃饭的时候，爸爸给我们讲了他童年的趣事，逗得我们哄堂大笑。A. touching感人的；B. awful很坏的；C. shocking令人震惊的；D. funny有趣的。根据后文“which made us burst into laughter.”可知，使作者他们哄堂大笑，所以是有趣的故事。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我和姐姐们拿了一条毯子，聊起了我们的日常生活。A. blanket毯子；B. phone电话；C. basket篮子；D. tent帐篷。根据前文“At night, it was a bit cold.”可知，有点冷，所以是拿了毯子保暖。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快，一顿热腾腾的饭菜和一段愉快的谈话使我们暖和起来。A. negotiation谈判；B. game游戏；C. conversation谈话；D. sleep睡眠。根据前文“my mom cooked a warm meal for the family.”以及“My sisters and I grabbed a 　　　8　　　and chatted about our daily life.”可知，此处指一顿热腾腾的饭菜和一段愉快的谈话。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我意识到在雨声中露营是多么独特。A. tough艰苦的；B. unique独特的；C. expensive昂贵的；D. popular流行的。根据上段内容可知，作者一家因为下雨，待在帐篷里享受着雨声，妈妈为大家准备了热饭，爸爸讲述了童年趣事，兄弟姐妹间聊着日常生活，结合选项，这些事让作者意识到在雨声中露营是多么独特。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我开始明白为什么我的父母如此热衷于野营。A. particular特别的；B. disappointed失望的；C. concerned担心的；D. enthusiastic热情的。根据前文“I realized how 　　　10　　　 it was camping under the sound of the rain.”可知，作者意识到雨声中露营是多么独特，所以明白了父母为什么如此热衷于野营。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：第二天，我们收拾行李回家了。A. packed up收拾行李；B. picked out分辨出；C. left behind遗留；D. set aside留作……之用。根据后文“headed home”可知，此处是“收拾行李回家了”之意。故先A项。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很感激这次露营之旅。A. eager渴望的；B. grateful感激的；C. sorry抱歉的；D. suitable合适的。根据后文“Not only did I experience the beauty of the forest, but I also learned that even if the 　　　14　　　 is not the best for camping, we can adapt to Mother Nature as a family to make unforgettable 　　　15　　　 .”可知，作者从这次露营中学到很多，所以是感激这次露营。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不仅体验到了森林的美丽，而且我还学会了即使天气不是最适合露营的，我们也可以适应大自然，作为一个家庭来创造难忘的回忆。A. budget预算；B. season季节；C. equipment装备；D. weather天气。根据前文内容可知，作者一家露营时赶上下雨，所以根据后文“is not the best for camping”可知，此处表达“即使天气不适合露营”之意。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不仅体验到了森林的美丽，而且我还学会了即使天气不是最适合露营的，我们也可以适应大自然，作为一个家庭来创造难忘的回忆。A. summaries总结；B. memories回忆；C. lessons课；D. contributions贡献。根据全文内容，可知作者和家人度过了一次难忘的露营之旅，再根据空前的“unforgettable”结合选项可知，此处表“难忘的回忆”之意。故选B项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The history of hutongs can date back to the Yuan Dynasty (1271 — 1368), when the term “hutong”, ___36___ (initial) meaning “water wells”, first appeared in its capital, now known as Beijing. The Yuan nobles and high-ranking army officials ___37___ (award) lands as their estates in the city. They built houses and courtyards, now called “Siheyuan”, which were arranged in ___38___ orderly way around the wells.
In the Ming Dynasty (1368 —1644), the center of Beijing was the Forbidden City, with the Inner City and Outer City ___39___ (surround) it. Upper class citizens were permitted to live closer ___40___ the center. Nobles lived to the east and west of the palace. The hutongs formed by their houses were lined by spacious homes and gardens. Farther from the palace and to its north and south ___41___ (be) the commoners. Their Siheyuans were far smaller in size and simpler in___42___(decorate), and the hutongs were narrower.
Nowadays, if you visit Beijing, Nanluoguxiang is a must-see. The 786-meter long south-north hutong is lined with bars, hotels and stores. There are also 8 hutongs —___43___ (hide) on the east and west sides of the main lane of Nanluoguxiang as well as former residences ___44___ celebrities once lived.
Hutongs are the home of the Beijing____45____ (local), who have a deep affection for them.
【答案】36. initially
37. were awarded
38. an 39. surrounding
40. to 41. were
42. decoration
43. hidden 44. where
45. locals
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了北京胡同的历史以及作用。
【36题详解】
考查副词。句意：胡同的历史可以追溯到元朝(1271 — 1368)，当时“胡同”一词最初意为“水井”，首次出现在首都北京。修饰动词mean应用副词initially，作状语。故填initially。
【37题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：元朝贵族和高级军官被授予土地作为他们在城里的产业。主语与谓语构成被动关系，且描述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were awarded。
【38题详解】
考查冠词。句意：他们建造房屋和庭院，现在被称为“四合院”，它们围绕着水井有序地排列。短语in an orderly way表示“有序地”。故填an。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在明朝(1368—1644)，北京的中心是紫禁城，内城和外城围绕着它。此处surround与the Inner City and Outer City构成主动关系，故用现在分词作宾补。故填surrounding。
【40题详解】
考查介词。句意：上层阶级的公民被允许住在离市中心更近的地方。短语close to表示“靠近”。故填to。
【41题详解】
考查主谓一致。句意：离宫殿更远的地方，在它的北面和南面是平民。此处为完全倒装，主语为the commoners，结合上文were可知为一般过去时，谓语用复数。故填were。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：他们的四合院面积小得多，装饰简单，胡同也窄得多。作宾语，应用名词decoration。故填decoration。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：还有8条胡同，隐藏在南锣鼓巷主巷的东西两侧，以及名人曾经居住过的故居。分析句子结构可知hide与逻辑主语8 hutongs构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。故填hidden。
【44题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：还有8条胡同，隐藏在南锣鼓巷主巷的东西两侧，以及名人曾经居住过的故居。此处为定语从句修饰先行词residences，从句缺少地点状语，故用where引导。故填where。
【45题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：胡同是北京人的家，北京人对胡同有着深厚的感情。local为可数名词，后文谓语have为原形，可知用复数形式。故填locals。
第四部分写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华, 你校英文戏剧社将于下个月举行英文戏剧展演。 请你用英语为该社写一则通知, 内容包括：
1.活动介绍;
2.鼓励报名;
3.截止日期。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Notice
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【答案】 Notice
Are you an English fan? Do you have a strong passion for English dramas? Here's the best chance ever!In order to enhance your understanding of English drama and improve your English skills， the English Drama Club will provide a stage for students where your talent can be recognized and confidence be boosted. Scheduled to be held next month， our English drama club welcomes your registration and the deadline is next Friday.Don't hesitate to enroll your names.Don't miss it!
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文写作。要求考生用英语写一则关于你校英文戏剧社将于下个月举行英文戏剧展演的通知。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
提高：enhance→promote
热情：passion→enthusiasm
举行：hold→throw
理解：understanding→comprehension
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Are you an English fan? Do you have a strong passion for English dramas?
拓展句：Are you an English fan who has a strong passion for English dramas?
【点睛】[高分句型1]In order to enhance your understanding of English drama and improve your English skills， the English Drama Club will provide a stage for students where your talent can be recognized and confidence be boosted..(wherec引导的定语从句)
[高分句型2]Scheduled to be held next month， our English drama club welcomes your registration and the deadline is next Friday.Don't hesitate to enroll your names.(过去分词作状语)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成 一篇完整的短文。
I yawned (打哈欠)as I got off the last step of the bus. I had woken early that morning, and had not been able to sleep on the long ride from Riverside High, thinking about that day’s race, the Eye Opener. I had never raced in a state-wide race before. Over thirty high school teams ran, along with quite a few colleges. The rest of my team and I unloaded the bus, and we relaxed and waited for our race patiently.
“Start warming up,” our coach told us, roughly forty-five minutes after we arrived. After finishing our stretches, we headed over to the starting line, eager for the race to begin.
The starter walked to the middle of the field. “There will be two commands,” his voice boomed, ‘‘Runners set, then the gun. If you hear another shot, return to the starting line to start again. ” My heart raced as I got my legs ready to race.
“Runners set!” the starter shouted Bam! The gun fired, and he rushed out of our way. Adrenaline (肾上腺素)rushed through my body as I raced through the mass of runners. As I rounded the first turn, my schoolmates greeted me with heartening shouts. Then, in what felt like only one minute, I arrived at the one mile mark.
“6’10”, a man declared as I ran by. I tried to ignore him, but my legs began to bum as I realized I had run a mile and still had two to go. I slowed down my pace, for I knew the second mile was the worst of all three. Minutes later, I felt horrible. My legs ached, feeling like lead blocks. My vision was clouded as sweat dropped down into my eyes, and my arms felt as if they would fall off if I swung them one more time. Just as I almost reached my limit, a boy passed me. He also seemed to have lost strength but soon he was a little ahead of me.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I gathered up my strength to speed up but suddenly fell to the ground.
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In the last mile, seeing the athletes passing us one by one, I asked the boy to run without me.
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【答案】 I gathered up my strength to speed up but suddenly fell to the ground. My world was clouded by total darkness. How I wish the ground to crack and swallow me! I could feel everybody was staring at me, widening their mouths and not being able to utter a word. The sudden silence brought sharp pain in my knees and “failure” was the only word flashing in my mind. Then the silence was broken by a deep voice, “You won’t give up so easily, will you? ” The boy ahead of me turned back and pulled me up. “Let’s run to the finishing line together!” The second mile saw its end while we ran shoulder to shoulder.
In the last mile, seeing the athletes passing us one by one, I asked the boy to rum without me. “You can win a place if you go by yourself.” I looked at him in the eyes with sweat blurring my sight. The boy breathing heavily, drops of sweat rolled down his face. He shook his head saying,“Winning a place is not that important, isn’t it? ”. Then we smiled at each other as if we had been the only runners. The last mile seemed shorter and we were relieved when we passed the finishing line together with thunderous applause. I knew they cheered for us not for winning a race but for something more important.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者参加全州范围的跑步，在第二英里的时候，因为力尽而摔倒，跑他前面的男孩，鼓励作者，并帮助他一起跑完全程，最后作者明白，比赛中赢不是最重要的，坚持和友谊才是。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我鼓起力量加速，但突然倒在地上。”可知，第一段可描写作者摔倒了后的心情，以及男孩鼓励并帮助作者继续跑下去。
②由第二段首句内容“跑到最后一英里时，看到运动员们一个接一个地从我们身边经过，我让那个男孩自己跑。”可知，第二段可描写男孩子告诉作者，比赛中赢不是最重要的，并最终帮助作者一起跑过终点和作者的感悟。
2. 续写线索：作者摔倒——男孩帮助——劝男孩放弃自己——男孩拒绝——一起跑过终点——感悟
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①凝视：stare at/gaze at
②(使)变宽：widen/extend/enlarge
③赢得一席之地：win a place/earn a slot
④知道：know/realize/comprehend
情绪类
①绝望：clouded by total darkness/hopeless/desperate
②如释重负：relieved./in relief
点睛】[高分句型1]Then we smiled at each other as if we had been the only runners.(as if从句中使用虚拟语气)
[高分句型2]The last mile seemed shorter and we were relieved when we passed the finishing line together with thunderous applause.(运用了when引导的时间状语从句)