2022-2023学年湖南省长郡中学高三上学期第三次月考英语试题（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年湖南省长郡中学高三上学期第三次月考英语试题（解析版），共22页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7，15等内容，欢迎下载使用。

炎德·英才大联考长郡中学2023届高三月考试卷（三）
英语
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt？
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. On which day will Carol bring the heater?
A. Tuesday. B. Wednesday. C. Thursday.
2. Why won’t the woman’s burger taste like a normal “big burger”?
A. It has no onions. B. It has less stuff in it. C. It has a little cheese.
3. What are the speakers going to do on Sunday afternoon?
A. Do a project. B. Watch volcanoes. C. Go to a fair.
4. Why was Johnny called to see the woman?
A. For his absence. B. For his grades. C. For his lateness.
5. Who might Tony be?
A. A gardener. B. A delivery man. C. A boss.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What kind of room does the man want to reserve?
A. A business suite. B. A double room. C. A single room.
7. When will the man leave the hotel?
A. On October 14th. B. On October 17th. C. On October 18th.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What does the woman want to do?
A. Repair the old car. B. Change the car. C. Buy a new car camera.
9. What is the woman’s primary concern with the two-seater car?
A. It is out of date.
B. It lacks a backup camera.
C. It can’t hold all her family.
10.What is the advantage of the SUV?
A. It can seat seven people comfortably.
B. It is a few inches shorter and has adequate seats.
C. It’s the latest model with all the functions.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. How often does the boy’s father take a business trip?
A. Once a month. B. Twice a month. C. Three times a month.
12. What does the woman do?
A. She is a lawyer. B. She is a teacher. C. She is an editor.
13. Why is the woman willing to do the job?
A. It is easy.
B. The salary is high.
C. It gives her more freedom.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. When does the man need to hand in his application?
A. As soon as the term starts.
B. In two months after the term starts.
C. In two months before the term starts.
15. What can students use I-20 to apply for?
A. A scholarship.
B. A visa.
C. A bank loan.
16. How can the man apply for the program?
A. By filling in the application online.
B. By going to the center.
C. By calling the center.
17. What should the man send to the center?
A. His grades.
B. A sponsorship form.
C. Information about his background.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What is supposed to be St. Patrick’s best-known story?
A. Spreading knowledge in many countries.
B. Clearing all snakes out of Ireland.
C. Becoming king of Ireland.
19. What do we know about St. Patrick Day?
A. Many people move to other countries on that day.
B. It’s also celebrated in Australia.
C. Most stories about it are true.
20. What does the speaker think of the festival?
A. Surprising. B. Unimportant. C. Meaningful.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Originally a medieval fortress and kings’ homes on the right bank of the Seine, the Louvre Museum has many famous pieces on permanent display.
Mona Lisa
The Mona Lisa, painted by Leonardo da Vinci, has been on display at the Louvre Museum since 1797. More than six million people visit the Louvre to see the Mona Lisa each year. The fame is almost entirely the result of a robbery that took place in 1911, when the Mona Lisa was taken from the Louvre by an Italian patriot. The thief was caught trying to sell the painting to the Uffizi Museum in Florence, and the Mona Lisa was returned to Paris in early 1914.
Winged Victory of Samothrace
Representing the Greek goddess of victory, Nike was found in hundreds of different pieces in 1863 on the Greek island of Samothrace before she was brought to the Louvre Museum. She was positioned as the sole figure on top of a staircase in the museum in 1863 where she has remained ever since. The athletic wear company of the same name used the goddess of victory as inspiration for the brand, and the Nike logo is taken from the shape of the top of her wings.
Venus de Milo
Discovered in 1820 on the Greek island of Milo, the Venus de Milo was gifted to King Louis XⅧ, who donated it to the Louvre collection. Venus de Milo is thought to represent the Greek goddess Aphrodite, though her identity has never been proven. She is positioned to appear as if she is looking across the other Roman depictions of Venus that appear in the same hall at the Louvre Museum.
Liberty Leading the People
Painted by Eugene Delacroix, this work depicts a woman, a symbol of the French Revolution known as Marianne, holding the tricolor revolutionary French flag that would later become the official flag of France, while standing above the bodies of fallen men. Delacroix created the painting to commemorate the July Revolution, which toppled King Charles X of France. In 1874, it was acquired by the Louvre Museum.
1. What do we know about the painting Mona Lisa in the Louvre Museum?
A. It has attracted a total of six million people to the museum.
B. It was so famous as to almost fuel a crime in 1911.
C. It was once displayed in the Uffizi Museum in Florence.
D. It was not kept in the Louvre Museum for several years.
2. Which of the following pieces is set in France?
A. Mona Lisa. B. Winged Victory of Samothrace.
C. Venus de Milo. D. Liberty Leading the People.
3. What do the “Winged Victory of Samothrace” and “Venus de Milo” have in common?
A. Both of them are connected with Greek beliefs.
B. Both of them inspired athletic wear designers.
C. Both of them were positioned as sole figures.
D. Both of them were gifts to French kings.
【答案】1. D 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了最初是塞纳河右岸的中世纪要塞和国王的住所卢浮宫里永久展出的四个著名的作品。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Mona Lisa“The fame is almost entirely the result of a robbery that took place in 1911, when the Mona Lisa was taken from the Louvre by an Italian patriot. The thief was caught trying to sell the painting to the Uffizi Museum in Florence, and the Mona Lisa was returned to Paris in early 1914.”（蒙娜丽莎的成名几乎完全是因为1911年发生的一起抢劫案，当时一名意大利爱国者从卢浮宫偷走了《蒙娜丽莎》。窃贼在向佛罗伦萨乌菲齐博物馆出售画作时被抓获，《蒙娜丽莎》于1914年初被归还巴黎。）可知，关于卢浮宫博物馆里的《蒙娜丽莎》我们知道这幅画好几年都没有留在卢浮宫。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Liberty Leading the People“Painted by Eugene Delacroix, this work depicts a woman, a symbol of the French Revolution known as Marianne, holding the tricolor revolutionary French flag that would later become the official flag of France, while standing above the bodies of fallen men. Delacroix created the painting to commemorate the July Revolution, which toppled King Charles X of France. In 1874, it was acquired by the Louvre Museum.”（这幅作品由尤金·德拉克洛瓦创作，描绘了一个被称为玛丽安的法国革命的象征，她举着后来成为法国官方旗帜的法国革命三色旗，站在倒下的男人的尸体上方。德拉克洛瓦创作这幅画是为了纪念推翻法国国王查理十世的七月革命。1874年，它被卢浮宫博物馆收购。）可知，《自由领导人民》这个作品是以法国为背景的，故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Winged Victory of Samothrace“Representing the Greek goddess of victory, Nike was found in hundreds of different pieces in 1863 on the Greek island of Samothrace before she was brought to the Louvre Museum. ”（Nike是希腊胜利女神的象征，1863年，人们在希腊的萨摩色雷斯岛(Samothrace)发现了它的数百件不同的作品，之后它被带到卢浮宫博物馆。）以及Venus de Milo“Discovered in 1820 on the Greek island of Milo, the Venus de Milo was gifted to King Louis XⅧ, who donated it to the Louvre collection. Venus de Milo is thought to represent the Greek goddess Aphrodite, though her identity has never been proven.”（《米洛的维纳斯》于1820年在希腊米洛岛被发现，被赠予国王路易十世Ⅷ，后者将其捐赠给卢浮宫收藏。米洛的维纳斯被认为代表希腊女神阿佛洛狄忒，尽管她的身份从未被证实。）可知，《萨摩色雷斯的胜利之翼》和《米洛的维纳斯》的共同之处是两者都与希腊信仰有关。故选A。
B
Dara was diagnosed as autistic when he was 5. Life was isolated and difficult, but he continued to learn, write and photograph. Nature was and is as big a part of him as his own heartbeat.
Dara’s family used to live in Belfast, a city filled with piercing noise. It was a struggle for the young autistic. He couldn’t fade out the noise to hear what mattered. In 2013, Dara’s dad, who is a conservation scientist, transferred to County Fermanagh, so the family moved and life started to change for Dara.
The volume was turned down enough to hear things and the boy discovered quiet places so alive with wildlife. He felt a surge growing inside him. Dara loved this place. The screaming volume in his mind turned down and thoughts and words started to spill out.
Dora started his blog in June 2016 and has been overwhelmed by the reactions to it from the wider world. He’s met some wonderful people and had extraordinary opportunities. His blog won the youth category for the Wildlife Trusts 30 Days Wild 2017 campaign and he himself won the yearly “competition” — best blog of 2016 — organized by A Focus on Nature.
Dara also organizes wildlife awareness displays for schools and organizations. The first time he did this, he had to breathe into a paper bag. He also engages with young people all the time, nurturing their connections with nature and exposing them to ideas and ways in which they can help too. At home he helps his dad with the many rescue animals he brings back.
Writing about autism and nature is an important part of Dara’s life. It has helped him cope with his difficulties and differences. He hopes to further grow and spread the message of environmental awareness, local biodiversity and conservation through his writing and campaigning in the future.
The publication of Diary of a young naturist in May 2020 further changed Dara’s life. In September the same year, he became the youngest ever author to win the Wainwright Prize for Nature writing.
4. Why did Dara’s family moved to Fermanagh?
A. Because Dara complained about the noise in Belfast.
B. Because there were better facilities for autistics in Fermanagh.
C. Because Dara’s father got a chance to work in Fermanagh.
D. Because Dara’s family wanted to change Dara’s life.
5. How does the 5th paragraph develop?
A. By listing various facts. B. By analysing causes and effects.
C. By making comparisons. D. By describing process.
6. What can we learn from Dara’s success?
A. Time and tide wait for no man.
B. One good turn deserves another.
C. To know everything is to know nothing.
D. Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.
7. Which column of a magazine is this passage most probably taken from?
A. Science. B. Travel.
C. Health. D. Life.
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. D 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。少年达拉·麦克埃努尔蒂自幼患有自闭症，然而对大自然的热爱和写作天赋点亮了他原本孤独、黯淡的人生。他用实际行动证明，只要拥有足够的热爱、坚定的信念，每个人都可以实现自我价值。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的句子“In 2013, Dara’s dad, who is a conservation scientist, transferred to County Fermanagh, so the family moved and life started to change for Dara.”（2013年，达拉的父亲，一名环保科学家，转职到弗马纳郡，于是一家人搬了家，达拉的生活开始改变）可知，达拉一家是因为父亲的工作搬到了弗马纳郡。故选C项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段的内容“Dara also organizes wildlife awareness displays for schools and organizations. The first time he did this, he had to breathe into a paper bag. He also engages with young people all the time, nurturing their connections with nature and exposing them to ideas and ways in which they can help too. At home he helps his dad with the many rescue animals he brings back.”（达拉还为学校和机构组织野生动物意识展示。 第一次这样做时，他必须对着一个纸袋呼吸。 他还一直与年轻人打交道，培养他们与自然的联系，让他们接触他们也可以帮助的想法和方法。 在家里，他帮助他的爸爸处理他带回来的许多救援动物）可知，该段主要列举了达拉的各种活动事实。故选A项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。这篇文章主要讲的是自幼患有自闭症的达拉用实际行动证明，只要拥有足够的热爱和坚定的信念，每个人都可以成功、实现自我价值。所以他的成功告诉我们“心之所愿，无事不成（Nothing is impossible to a willing heart）”。故选D项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。这篇文章主要讲述了少年达拉·麦克埃努尔蒂自幼患有自闭症，然而对大自然的热爱和写作天赋点亮了他原本孤独、黯淡的人生。他用实际行动证明，只要拥有足够的热爱、坚定的信念，每个人都可以实现自我价值。所以这篇文章应该来自于杂志上的“Life”（人生）栏目。故选D项。
C
A 2020 study in the journal Science concluded that marine heat waves have increased more than 20-fold as a result of climate warming. The authors found that in the first decade after satellites began recording ocean temperatures (i.e., after 1981), there were 27 large marine heat waves, with an average duration of 32 days and an average peak temperature anomaly of 8.5°F; in the 2010s, there were 172, which lasted 48 days on average with an average peak temperature almost 10°F above normal.
Much remains unclear about marine heat waves. For example, explains Nicholas Bond, research scientist at the University of Washington and Washington’s state climatologist, there is the question of why so many persist for weeks or months. “There must be something else going on that helps maintain them,” he says. He notes that one explanation is that as the ocean surface warms, it radiates heat into the atmosphere that prevents cloud cover from forming, exposing the seawater to increased sunlight and further warming.
However, enough is known about marine heat waves for scientists to be gravely concerned about their potential impacts. Of special note is the fact that those impacts can last long after the heat waves have disappeared. After three years of the Blob, the waters of the northeastern Pacific began to cool in 2016; but years later, scientists are still determining the extent to which the region’s ecosystem is likely to return fully to its pre-Blob status. Similarly, notes Scannell, who is a data scientist with Jupiter Intelligence, Inc., following the 2010-11 Western Australia event, “lots of kelp(巨藻) forests died, and it takes literally decades for those ecosystems to bounce back”.
Eric Oliver, a scientist from Dalhousie University in Nova Scotia, Canada, expressed his own opinion about the potential impact of the heat waves in tropical waters. “I think that’s really a tough issue,” he says. Life in the tropics, he notes, is adapted to “quite a narrow range of temperatures. So that’s where things can get really messy. We can have complete shifts in tropical systems.”
8. What can we infer from the figures listed in para. 1?
A. The problem of marine heat waves is becoming worse.
B. The satellites enable scientists to record ocean temperature precisely.
C. Climate change is the main cause of the marine heat waves.
D. Marine heat waves have been found by scientists for about 30 years.
9. What does the 2nd paragraph mainly talk about?
A. Various factors that lead to marine heat waves.
B. The possible impacts of a warm ocean surface.
C. The possible reason why marine heat waves last long.
D Scientists’ efforts in exploring the causes of heat waves.
10. What do we know about the impact of the marine heat waves?
A. The impact will disappear shortly after the sea water cools.
B. It takes long before the ecosystem makes a complete recovery.
C. Scientists have known enough to restore the impact.
D. The northeastern Pacific and Western Australia are the worst cases.
11. What is Eric Oliver’s attitude towards the heat waves in tropic waters?
A. Concerned. B. Indifferent. C. Doubtful. D. Optimistic.
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. B 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章分析了海洋热浪增加的原因以及其对生态的影响。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的句子“The authors found that in the first decade after satellites began recording ocean temperatures (i.e., after 1981), there were 27 large marine heat waves, with an average duration of 32 days and an average peak temperature anomaly of 8.5°F; in the 2010s, there were 172, which lasted 48 days on average with an average peak temperature almost 10°F above normal.（作者发现，在卫星开始记录海洋温度后的第一个十年(即1981年之后)，有27次大型海洋热浪，平均持续时间为32天，平均峰值温度异常为8.5°F; 在2010年代，有172次，平均持续48天，平均峰值温度几乎比正常高10华氏度）”和其中的数字对比可以推论出海洋热浪的问题越来越严重。故选A项。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段的主要内容，特别是前两句话“Much remains unclear about marine heat waves. For example, explains Nicholas Bond, research scientist at the University of Washington and Washington’s state climatologist, there is the question of why so many persist for weeks or months.‘There must be something else going on that helps maintain them’,” he says.（关于海洋热浪还有很多不清楚的地方。 例如，华盛顿大学的研究科学家、华盛顿州气候学家尼古拉斯·邦德解释说，有一个问题是为什么这么多的现象持续了几周或几个月。他说:‘肯定还有其他东西在帮助维持它们’）”可知，第二段主要讲的是海洋热浪持续时间长可能的原因。故选C项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的前两句“However, enough is known about marine heat waves for scientists to be gravely concerned about their potential impacts. Of special note is the fact that those impacts can last long after the heat waves have disappeared.（然而，科学家已经对海洋热浪有了足够的了解，足以对其潜在影响表示严重关切。 特别值得注意的是，这些影响可以在热浪消失后持续很长时间）”和下文的例子可知，受到海洋热浪影响后，生态系统要花很长时间才能完全恢复。故选B项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后两句话“Life in the tropics, he notes, is adapted to ‘quite a narrow range of temperatures. So that’s where things can get really messy. We can have complete shifts in tropical systems.’（他指出，‘热带地区的生物适应的温度范围相当狭窄。这就是事情会变得非常混乱的地方。我们可以看到热带系统的完全转变’）”可知，Eric Oliver对热带海域的热浪是很担心的。故选A项。
D
People’s ability to remember fades with age — but one day, researchers might be able to use a simple, drug-free method to buck this trend.
In a study published on 22 August in Nature Neuroscience, Robert Reinhart, a cognitive neuroscientist at Boston University in Massachusetts, and his colleagues demonstrate that zapping(刺激) the brains of adults aged over 65 with weak electrical currents repeatedly over several days led to memory improvements that persisted for up to a month.
Using a non-invasive method of stimulating the brain known as transcranial alternating current stimulation (TACS), which delivers electrical currents through electrodes on the surface of the scalp, Reinhart’s team conducted a series of experiments on 150 people aged between 65 and 88. Participants carried out a memory task in which they were asked to recall lists of 20 words that were read aloud by an experimenter. The participants underwent TACS for the entire duration of the task, which took 20 minutes.
After four continuous days of this protocol, participants who received high-frequency stimulation of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex(背外侧前额叶皮质) had an improved ability to remember words from the beginning of the lists, a task that depends on long-term memory. Low-frequency zaps to the inferior parietal lobe(顶下小叶) enhanced participants’ recall of items later in the lists, which involves ‘working’ memory — the memory that allows the brain to store information temporarily. Participants’ memory performance improved over the four days — and the gains persisted even a month later. Those who had the lowest levels of general cognitive function before the study experienced the largest memory improvements.
“I was both impressed and surprised by this, by this paper,” says Simon Hanslmayr, a cognitive neuroscientist at the University of Glasgow, UK. He notes that along with other scientists, he has been sceptical about whether TACS can lead to meaningful changes in cognition. One issue has been that TACS devices generate electrical currents much weaker than those created by other methods of stimulating the brain, so it hasn’t always been clear whether they can transmit enough electricity to the brain to modify its function. However, the authors of this study convincingly showed that their protocol was linked to “consistent and quite strong improvements in memory”, Hanslmayr says.
12. What does the underlined word “buck” mean in paragraph 1?
A. Operate. B. Destroy. C. Follow. D. Resist.
13. What can we learn about the experiments?
A. The experiments involved people aged over 65 and young students with good memory.
B. Participants were required to recall lists of 20 words when they read the words aloud.
C. Stimulating the inferior parietal lobe with low-frequency boosted the short-term memory.
D. High-frequency stimulation of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex improved ‘working’ memory.
14. Why has Simon Hanslmayr been sceptical about TACS?
A. The electricity sent by TACS is not sufficient to guarantee meaningful changes in cognition.
B. The people who have poor cognitive function experienced the least memory improvements.
C. TACS devices generate electrical currents as weak as those created by other methods.
D. TACS devices cannot ensure consistent and quite strong improvements in memory.
15. What is the text mainly about?
A. TACS can lead to meaningful changes in cognition.
B. TACS can help people with conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease.
C. Brain stimulation leads to long-lasting improvements in memory.
D. Brain stimulation benefits those with poor cognitive function most.
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。研究人员发现用弱电流反复刺激成年人的大脑，可以使记忆改善持续长达一个月。
【12题详解】
词义猜测题。根据文章第一段中的“People’s ability to remember fades with age（人的记忆力会随着年龄的增长而衰退）”和句中的转折连词but以及划线词后面的this trend可知，研究人员找到的办法应该是能够抵制人的记忆力随着年龄的增长而衰退的趋势。故选D项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的句子“Low-frequency zaps to the inferior parietal lobe(顶下小叶) enhanced participants’ recall of items later in the lists, which involves ‘working’ memory — the memory that allows the brain to store information temporarily.（下顶叶的低频电击增强了参与者对列表中后面的项目的回忆，这涉及到“工作”记忆——允许大脑临时存储信息的记忆）”可知，低频刺激顶叶对短时记忆有促进作用。故选C项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的句子“He notes that along with other scientists, he has been sceptical about whether TACS can lead to meaningful changes in cognition. One issue has been that TACS devices generate electrical currents much weaker than those created by other methods of stimulating the brain, so it hasn’t always been clear whether they can transmit enough electricity to the brain to modify its function.（他指出，和其他科学家一样，他一直怀疑tACS是否能导致认知的有意义的改变。 一个问题是，TACS设备产生的电流比其他刺激大脑的方法产生的电流弱得多，所以一直不清楚它们是否能向大脑传输足够的电流来改变大脑的功能）”可知，Simon Hanslmayr怀疑TACS是因为TACS发出的电流不足以保证认知发生有意义的变化。故选A项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。这篇文章的主要内容是研究人员发现用弱电流反复刺激成年人的大脑，可以使记忆改善持续长达一个月。故选C项。
第三部分 语官运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My 7-year-old daughter always has her nose in a book. She even continued reading in the car on the long drive to summer camp, where she lost the book. This is the first lost ___16___book in my life. In my childhood, my family had always been expected to be ___17___, but we were poor, and I didn’t own books. I had to borrow books. My library books lived on a ___18___shelf while they were mine, and it ___19___me when I had to return them to the library on the due day.
However, my daughter has more books now than I owned during my whole childhood. So it’s probably my ___20___that she didn’t cherish the books. “Sorry. I can’t find it.” My daughter said with a shrug, “We just pay $ 20 for the book. What’s the big ___21___?” The missing library book just met with a cold ___22___from her, but it met with nail-biting ___23___from me. I walked into the library in a deep ___24___as if I had lost the book.
Feeling the need to make her feel responsible for the book I asked her to do the chores. She agreed to clean up all the pets’ houses ___25___my paying the library book. I’d meant the chore to be ___26___!
Surprisingly, she was enjoying herself. I took a picture of her lovely back. So, was I winning or losing at ___27___? Did I teach her the ___28___of keeping a library book if the picture I took shows she is working ___29___?
To my ___30___, my little girl knew what matters in her life. She could devote herself to the chores as much as books.
16. A. school B. reference C. story D. library
17. A. powerful B. practical C. academic D. employed
18. A. wasted B. dusty C. present D. specific
19. A. pained B. accompanied C. abandoned D. lost
20. A. work B. reason C. fault D. duty
21. A. worry B. question C. case D. deal
22. A. shoulder B. power C. refusal D. excuse
23. A. impression B. effort C. effect D. concern
24. A. respect B. thought C. shame D. shock
25. A. in need of B. in trade for C. in terms of D. in favor of
26. A. punishment B. recovery C. encouragement D. promise
27. A. studying B. parenting C. arguing D. fighting
28 A. benefit B. method C. commitment D. demand
29. A. seriously B. unwillingly C. professionally D. constantly
30. A. disappointment B. relief C. regret D. sorrow
【答案】16. D 17. C 18. D 19. A 20. C 21. D 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议的记叙文。讲述了作者想起自己小时候买不起书，对图书馆借来的书的珍惜和渴望，而自己的女儿却不在意丢失了图书馆的书。作者通过让女儿做家务的方式惩罚女儿丢书，并希望可以教会她懂得责任和承诺的重要性。
【16题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是我一生中遗失的第一本书。A. school学校；B. reference参考；C. story故事；D. library图书馆。由上文“ where she lost the book.”可知，女儿借来的书丢了，也算是作者人生中第一次丢书。故选D。
【17题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我的童年时代，我的家人总是被期望学习，但是我们很穷，我没有自己的书。A.powerful强大的；B. practical实际的；C. academic学术的；D. employed被雇佣的。根据后文“but we were poor, and I didn’t own books (但我们很穷，我没有书)”but表示转折，可知，作者的家人总是被期望学习。故选C。
【18题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我从图书馆借来的书，在属于我的时候，都放在特定的书架上，当我不得不在到期的那一天把书还给图书馆时，我感到很痛苦。A.wasted浪费的；B. dusty有灰尘的；C. present目前的；D. specific特定的。根据本句“My library books (我从图书馆借来的书)”以及“while they were mine (在属于我的时候)”可知，此处特指作者的书放在特定的架子上。故选D。
【19题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. pained刺痛；B. accompanied陪伴；C. abandoned抛弃；D. lost丢失。根据上句“My library books lived on a ___3___shelf while they were mine,(我从图书馆借来的书，在属于我的时候，都放在特定的书架上)”可知，作者非常喜欢书，因此每次归还书的时候都会让作者感觉痛苦。故选A。
【20题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她不珍惜书籍可能是我的错。A.work工作；B. reason理由；C. fault错误；D. duty义务。根据上句“However, my daughter has more books now than I owned during my whole childhood(然而，我女儿现在拥有的书比我整个童年拥有的书还多)”可知，女儿拥有很多的书却不知道珍惜，作者认为是自己的过错。故选C。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这有什么大不了的？A. worry担心；B. question问题；C. case情况；D. deal交易。根据上句“We just pay $ 20 for the book. (我们只花了20美元买这本书)”可知，作者的女儿认为这没有什么大不了的。固定句式：What’s the big deal?“有什么大不了？”故选D。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她对图书馆丢失的那本书不理不睬，但我却对此忧心忡忡。A. shoulder肩膀；B. power力量；C. refusal拒绝；D. excuse借口。根据上文““Sorry. I can’t find it.” My daughter said with a shrug (对不起。我找不到它了。女儿耸耸肩说)”可知，女儿找不到书只是耸了耸肩，故此空对应上文女儿的反应，故选A。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. impression印象；B. effort努力；C. effect影响；D. concern关心。根据后句“I walked into the library in a deep ___9___as if I had lost the book.( 我带着深深的羞愧走进图书馆，好像我把书丢了)”可知，图书馆丢失的那本书遭到了女儿的冷漠对待，但却引起了作者的极大关注。对于女儿丢书的不在意，作者却非常关心，故选D。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我带着深深的羞愧走进图书馆，好像我把书丢了。A. respect尊重；B. thought想法；C. shame羞耻；D. shock震惊。根据后句“as if I had lost the book(好像我把书丢了)”可知，作者非常在意图书馆丢失的书，因此带着仿佛是自己丢失了书的深深的羞愧感走进图书馆，故选C。
【25题详解】
考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：她同意把所有宠物的房子都打扫干净，以作为我付图书馆书钱的交换。A.in need of需要；B. in trade for以……换得；Cin terms of依据；D. in favor of支持。根据上句“Feeling the need to make her feel responsible for the book (觉得有必要让她觉得自己对这本书有责任)”以及本句“my paying the library book (作为我付图书馆书钱的交换)”可知，作者让女儿把所有宠物的房子都打扫干净，以作为付图书馆书钱的交换。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我以为做家务是一种惩罚！A.punishment惩罚；B. recovery恢复；C. encouragement鼓励；D. promise承诺。根据上文“Feeling the need to make her feel responsible for the book (觉得有必要让她觉得自己对这本书有责任)”可知，作者是将做家务作为女儿的惩罚。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那么，我在养育孩子这件事上到底是赢还是输呢?？A. studying学习；B. parenting父母对子女的养育；C. arguing争执；D. fighting打架。根据上文“She agreed to clean up all the pets’ houses ___10___my paying the library book. (她同意把所有宠物的房子都打扫干净，以作为我付图书馆书钱的交换)”以及上文“Surprisingly, she was enjoying herself.(令人惊讶的是，她做家务很开心)”可知，作者本想惩罚女儿做家务，结果发现女儿还很喜欢做家务。因此作者反问自己在育儿上到底是赢了还是输了。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我拍的照片显示她在认真地工作，我教会了她承担义务，保存图书馆书籍了吗？A. benefit 利益；B. method方法；C. commitment承诺；承担义务；D. demand要求。根据上文“Feeling the need to make her feel responsible for the book (觉得有必要让她觉得自己对这本书有责任)”可知，作者想要教会女儿承担责任义务。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A.seriously认真地；B. unwillingly不愿意地；C. professionally专业地；D. constantly持续地。由上文“Surprisingly, she was enjoying herself.(令人惊讶的是，她做家务很开心)”可知女儿喜欢做家务，做得很认真。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：让我欣慰的是，我的小女儿知道什么是她生命中最重要的。A. disappointment失望；B. relief 安慰；C. regret后悔；D. sorrow悲伤。根据下文“my little girl knew what matters in her life. (我的小女儿知道什么是她生命中最重要的)”可知，女儿已经认识到生活中重要的事情，很让作者安慰。故选B。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Those who haven’t been to the Mu Us may not have an opportunity to do so. The desert is disappearing from____31____ map as it has been turned into an oasis(绿洲)!
The Mu Us ____32____ (stretch) over 42,200 square km between Shaan Xi and inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, lying north of the Great Wall. In Mongolian, “Mu Us” means barren land ____33____ nothing can grow.
However, the area was no desert in ancient times. It used to be grazing land ____34____ (sufficient) supplying grass and water for sheep and cattle. Since the Tang Dynasty, it began to degrade because of excessive farming and overgrazing and ____35____ (year) of war.
In modern times, the Mu Us, the fourth ____36____ (large) desert in China, began to move southward and passed the Great Wall, ____37____ (attack) Yulin (Shaan Xi province). Local pastures(牧场) faced serious desertification, salinization and degradation, and the villagers had to move as the desert advanced. By the time People’s Republic of China ____38____ (found), Yulin had only 0.9 percent of forest cover. It became an urgent task ____39____ (block) the sands.
Thanks to greening, the desert is poised to disappear. The feat(丰绩) wouldn’t have been achieved ____40____ national anti-desertification policies and the efforts of generations of eco-warriors.
【答案】31. the
32. stretches
33. where 34. sufficiently
35. years 36. largest
37. attacking
38. was founded
39. to block
40. without
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了毛乌素地区由牧场变沙漠，新中国成立后又从沙漠变绿洲的过程。
【31题详解】
考查冠词。句意：沙漠正在从地图上消失，因为它已经变成了绿洲。根据句意和空格后的名词map可知，空格处应该填入定冠词the，特指毛乌素沙漠所在的版图。故填the。
【32题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：毛乌素位于陕西和内蒙古自治区之间，位于长城以北，绵延42200多平方公里。根据句意分析句子可知，空格处是该句子的谓语部分，由上下文的时态是一般现在时可知，该句子也应该用一般现在时；因为该句子主语是The Mu Us，所以谓语动词应该用第三人称单数形式。故填stretches。
【33题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：在蒙古语中，“毛乌素”的意思是寸草不生的不毛之地。根据句意分析句子可知，空格后的部分是一个定语从句，而先行词land是表地点的名词，且在从句中作地点状语，所以空格处应该填入一个关系副词where。故填where。
【34题详解】
考查副词。句意：它曾经是一块牧场，为牛羊提供充足的草和水。根据句意和所给形容词sufficient以及空格后的supplying可知，空格处应该填入sufficient的副词形式sufficiently作状语，修饰后面的现在分词supplying。故填sufficiently。
【35题详解】
考查可数名词单复数。句意：从唐代开始，由于过度耕作和过度放牧以及多年的战争，它开始退化。根据句意和所给可数名词year可知，空格处应该填入year的复数形式years，构成短语years of（多年的）。故填years。
【36题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：在近代，毛乌素沙漠，中国第四大沙漠，开始向南移，越过长城，进攻陕西省榆林。根据句意和所给形容词large以及空格前的the fourth可知，空格处应该填入large的最高级形式largest（the +序数词+最高级表示“第几个最……”）。故填largest。
【37题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：在近代，毛乌素沙漠，中国第四大沙漠，开始向南移，越过长城，进攻陕西省榆林。根据句意分析句子可知，句子的谓语动词是began，所以所给动词attack应该是作状语，而句子的主语the Mu Us和动词attack之间是主动关系，所以应该用现在分词作状语。故填attacking。
【38题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：中华人民共和国成立时，玉林的森林覆盖率仅为0.9%。根据句意分析句子可知，空格处是从句的谓语部分，根据后面主句的时态是一般过去时，从句也应该用一般过去时；从句的主语People’s Republic of China和所给动词found之间是被动关系，所以应该用被动语态。故填was founded。
【39题详解】
考查不定式。句意：堵住沙子成了一项紧迫的任务。根据句意和所给动词block分析句子可知，句中的it是形式主语，所以空格处应该填入不定式形式to block，因为to block the sands是句子真正的主语。故填to。
【40题详解】
考查介词。句意：如果没有国家的防沙治沙政策和一代又一代生态卫士的努力，就不可能取得这样的成就。 根据句意和句中的虚拟语气以及空格后的名词短语national anti-desertification policies and the efforts of generations of eco-warriors可知，空格处应该介词without构成介词短语，相当于一个虚拟条件句。故填without。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
41. 现今，全世界仍有大量的人遭受饥荒，而食物浪费的现象却很严重。作为新时代的青少年，你将在班会上以 “Say no to food waste” 为题发表演讲。请你根据以下要点写一篇演讲稿：
1. 食物浪费的现状;
2. 食物浪费的影响;
3. 解决食物浪费的措施。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右;
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯;
3. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Ladies and gentlemen,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Ladies and gentlemen,
It is a great honor for me to speak with all of you on such a significant occasion. Since millions of people are suffering from hunger and tons of food are being wasted, my topic is “Say no to food waste”.
Food waste has devastating impacts. Not only does it waste all the energy used to produce and transport the food, but it also contributes to global warming once thrown out into the landfills. Thankfully, efforts can be made to deal with the issue. We can help prevent food waste by adopting food conservation strategies daily. When cooking at home, we should carefully plan meals and not cook more than needed. When eating out in the restaurant, we should order only according to our needs and take the leftovers home.
From today, let’s fight food waste and build a better world for all. Thank you for your attention.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“Say no to food waste” 为题写一篇演讲稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
重要的：significant→important
影响：impact→effect
导致：contribute to→lead to
处理：deal with→cope with
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：From today, let’s fight food waste and build a better world for all.
拓展句：From today, let’s fight food waste so that we can build a better world for all.
点睛】【高分句型1】Not only does it waste all the energy used to produce and transport the food, but it also contributes to global warming once thrown out into the landfills. （运用了部分倒装）
【高分句型2】When cooking at home, we should carefully plan meals and not cook more than needed.（运用了状语从句的省略）
第二节（满分25分）
42. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文，续写的词数应为150左右。
Mom was born in a small village, which is famous for paper-folding art, and Mom learnt how to make paper animals. In 1967, Mom went to Hong Kong, where she met Dad. They went to the suburbs of Connecticut later. Not knowing English, she was lonely until I was born.
When I was young, Mom liked to make paper animals for me. She folded up the paper, then lifted the paper packet to her mouth and blew into it. There in her hands was a little paper tiger. It seemed that the little tiger shared her breath. This was her magic. At my request, Mom also made a goat, a deer and even a shark.
Mark, one of the neighborhood boys, came over with his Star Wars action figure. I brought out the paper tiger. Mark examined the wrapping-paper pattern of the tiger’s skin. "That doesn’t look like a tiger. Is it a toy? ""I had never thought of that. But looking at it, it was really just a piece of wrapping paper.
Later, Dad bought me a full set of Wars action figures. I packed the paper animals in a shoebox and put them into the comer of the attic(阁楼). Once in a while, I would see Mom at the kitchen table making new paper animals. I caught them, pressed and then put them away in the box in the attic.
Mom was also trying to learn to speak English, but her accent and broken sentences embarrassed me. I tried to correct her. but in vain. Eventually. I stopped talking with her. For years, I paid no attention to Mom until one day my Dad called and told me that Mom was in hospital. Dad and I stood, one on each side of Mom. She turned to me, " Jack, just keep that box with you, and you will find it so important. "
She died several days later. Dad aged raw after that. The house was too big for him and had to be sold. My girlfriend Susan and I went to help him pack and clean the place.
Susan found the shoebox in the attic
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
I unfolded the paper tiger and found several lines of Chinese characters written by my mother.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Susan found the shoebox in the attic .It was covered with dust. Susan Cleaned and removed the cover . The paper animals hidden in the darkness of the attic for so long had been dusty and the bright paper patterns had faded. Susan held the paper animals carefully and admired. She was amazed at them , “ I have never seen such creative works .Your mom was an amazing artist.” In my memories the paper animals would jump and run. But now I found they couldn't move. I picked up the paper tiger.
I unfolded the paper tiger and found several lines of Chinese characters written by my mother. But I could not read Chinese. I only recognized the word “son” in Chinese. I knew it was a letter to me written by my mother. I posted the photo of the letter on Facebook in hope that somebody could read it for me .In no time it received some comments ,which said it was life story of my mother . One translated it into English. Reading the letter ,I couldn't help sobbing. Through my misty eyes, I read, “wo ai ni ,baobei.”Which means, “ I love you, my son” . I cried out , “I love you, mom. I miss you , mum.”
【解析】
【分析】本文以母亲折的纸兽为线索，讲述母亲深沉的爱。而儿子却一度嫌弃母亲，不和母亲说话。母亲去世后,作者发现纸兽的背面是妈妈写给自己的信，作者悔恨不已。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“Susan发现了阁楼上的那个鞋盒子。”可知，第一段可描写打开鞋盒子，看到那些幼年母亲为他叠的折纸动物，童年回忆。
②由第二段首句内容“我把那只纸老虎展开，发现了几行妈妈写下的中国文字。”可知，第二段可描写作者读信的内容，及读信之后的心理描写。
2.续写线索：打开鞋盒—看到纸兽—回忆—纸老虎—展开—发现文字—信的内容—想念妈妈。
3.词汇激活
行为类
①打开盒子：open the shoebox/remove thee cover
②拿起纸兽：pick up /hold/ take up
③.上传网络：post/ share/upload
情绪类
①欣赏：amazing / wonderful/magical
②.悔恨：regret / cry
【点睛】[高分句型1]. The paper animals hidden in the darkness of the attic for so long had been dusty and the bright paper patterns had faded.（hidden动词过去分词短语作后置定语）
[高分句型2]. In no time it received some comments , which said it was life story of my mother .（which引导非限制性定语从句）
听力：1-20 CBACAACBCCACCCBABBBC