2022-2023学年湖南省永州市高三上学期元月大联考英语试题（Word版含答案）

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永州市2022-2023学年高三上学期元月大联考英 语本卷满分 150 分，考试时间 120 分钟。注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分  听力（共两节，满分 30 分）第一节（共 5  小题；每小题 1.5  分，满分 7.5  分）听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A. £ 19. 15.             B. £ 9. 18.              C. £ 9. 15.答案是 C。1. How will the man travel in London?A. By taxi.             B. By bike.               C. By underground.2. Why did the man change his plan?A. He had to look after Susan.      B. He went birdwatching.   C. He had a toothache.3. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Mother and son.    B. Boss and employee.       C. Husband and wife.4. Where did the woman go at the weekend?A. To a gallery.                 B. To a castle.          C. To a theatre.5. What time does the party start?A. At 5:45.                   B. At 6:00.              C. At 6:15.共 第二节（共 15  小题；每小题 1.5  分，满分 22.5  分）听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。6. What is Mark?A. A pet doctor.           B. A dog walker.          C. A dog owner.7. How long does Mark work daily?A. For 7 hours.           B. For 8 hours.            C. For 9 hours.听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。8. What does the woman think of developing an app?A. Helpful.             B. Annoying.             C. Challenging.9. What will the man do tonight?A. Have coffee with the woman. B. Make a phone call to Alice.C. Get all the information ready.听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。10. How does Sally find physics?A. Easy.            B. Boring.                 C. Demanding.11. What does Sally prefer to do in class?A. Work in groups.   B. Learn from classmates.     C. Study alone.12. What is Sally worried about?A. The limited time.   B. The math exam.        C. The lack of friends.听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。13. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. The summer holiday.   B. The travel destination.    C. The weekend plan.14. Why does the man put off his trip until Friday?A. He has to have his car fixed.  B. He doesn’t get the tickets.   C. He is really tired.15. What will the speakers plan to do by day in New York?A. Go to a play.              B. Go sightseeing.           C. Watch a movie.16. How does the woman sound at the end of the conversation?A. Worried.                 B. Confused.                  C. Eager.听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。17. Where is the library allowing children to play video games?A. In Boston.               B. In Delaware.            C. In Maryland.18. What are public libraries in USA changing into?A. Community centers.      B. Places for books.         C. Entertainment centers.19. What was children’s favorite event held by Lewes Public Library this year?A. Having language discussions.B. Organizing poetry writing.C. Watching animals.20. Why does Delaware Library mail a free book to families with kids?A. To offer kids a book collection.  B. To attract new visitors.  C. To hold more events.第二部分  阅读（共两节，满分50 分）第一节（共15 小题；每小题2.5 分，满分37.5 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ALos Angeles is one of the top American cities in terms of the art world. The art collectors in L.A. are most interested in contemporary styles that have been on a continuous upswing since 2000. Here is a list of TOP 4 The Most Influential Art Galleries in L.A.Hive Gallery & StudiosThe Hive Gallery is a unique gallery/studio space that was founded in 2005. They have an impressive art agenda that includes 5 featured artists each month, two full galleries, 25 working artists with studios, and an artist-made item store. The Hive Gallery is one of the longest standinggalleries in L.A. and was important in establishing L.A. as a world-famous art “hot spot”.Downtown ArtWalkThe Downtown ArtWalk has become a travel destination for tourists from all over the world. Art buyers and appreciators can enjoy looking through the art exhibits while finishing off the evening at dining and entertainment establishments. Currently, there are more than 28 venues on their ArtWalk map; each venue contributing in its own way to the powerful arts community in downtown L.A.The MOCAWe would be regretful if we covered the L.A. art scene without mentioning The Museum of Contemporary Art (MOCA). Permanent collections of many artists are presented inside the MOCA. The artists include: Mark Rothko, Jackson Pollock, Claes Oldenburg, Andy Warhol and Robert Rauschenburg. They have been collecting, interpreting, and exhibiting art since the 1940s.Ace GalleryAce Gallery was founded in 1961 by the current director, Douglas Christmas. This gallery is known for its museum quality exhibitions. They display artists in every level of their career including emerging and mid-career artists. Their art programming uses a balance of these artists to provide a diverse art experience.21. What can people do at Hive Gallery & Studios?A. Make friends with 25 featured artists.      B. Admire art items in a store.C. Buy Mark Rothko’s artworks.            D. Visit a beautiful arts community.22. Which best suits people who want to appreciate artworks and meanwhile enjoy food?A. Hive Gallery & Studios.               B. Downtown ArtWalk.C. The MOCA.                        D. Ace Gallery.23. What can we know about Ace Gallery?A. It’s part of a museum.                 B. It includes many venues.C. It shows different stages of an artist.     D. It holds lots of permanent collections.BWhen only about eight years old, Ben Choi became attracted by mind-controlled prostheses (假肢). He saw a documentary on these prostheses, which are controlled by devices planted in the brain. “I was really amazed,” recalls the now 17-year-old senior at the Potomac School in McLean, Va. “But it was also pretty alarming.” Planting the devices required risky brain operations, and those prostheses cost hundreds of thousands of dollars. That always kind of stuck with him.In 2020, Ben set out to create his own non-invasive, low-cost bionic(仿生学的) arm. He set up shop on a basement ping-pong table. His first arm was built with a small 3-D printer borrowed from his sister. After updating his design more than 75 times, Ben has now showed a developed version of the arm using industry-grade material. It still costs less than $300 to make.The arm is controlled by a device worn on the forehead whose sensors pick up the brain’s electrical activity, or brainwaves. Thinking about different arm motions, such as waving or making a fist, creates different brainwave patterns. An artificial intelligence, or AI, system translates thosebrainwave patterns to move the robotic arm.The AI system had to be trained to translate those brainwaves. Ben gathered brainwave data from volunteers at his school and in his family. “From those participants, I collected maybe an hour or two of brainwave activity,” he says. “That’s thousands of data points.” Studying those data helped the AI system learn to read minds.In early tests, Ben said that his robotic arm has proved to be as smart as the world’s bestbrain-controlled prostheses. What he said needs to be confirmed in a clinical trial. But if it holds up, this bionic arm could be a game-changer for prosthetic technology.24. What caused Ben Choi to make the artificial arm?A. The drawbacks of existing prostheses.B. The potential business value of prostheses.C. His urgent demand for cheaper prostheses.D. His interest in artificial intelligence systems.25. What does the underlined word “non-invasive” in Paragraph 2 mean?A. Not sensitive.    B. Not standard.       C. Not traditional.     D. Not hurtful.26. Why did Ben gather brainwave data?A. To help the AI system to understand brainwaves.B. To analyze the different functions of brainwaves.C. To identify individual differences in brainwaves.D. To offer proper service to different disabled people.27. What can be learned about Ben’s robotic arm in the last paragraph?A. It needs to be further tested.            B. It has been widely used worldwide.C. It is not as smart as Ben expected.       D. It is a game changer for prosthetic tech.CWildflower meadows are beautiful; so beautiful in fact that a village in Britain has found they act as natural speed traps from motorists slowing down to look at them.The village of Long Newnton in Gloucestershire has a problem with fast-moving traffic between nearby towns. Almost all drivers moving through areas they frequent will break posted speed limits, and neither a 30 mile per hour limit, nor warning signs made any difference.Officials first planted flowers along the roadside during the pandemic to help improve biodiversity. But they noticed that as well as attracting more wildlife, motorists also slowed downwhen they passed the flowers. The village, between Tetbury and Malmesbury, has traffic regularlytravelling between them, and the small parish council (教区行政机构) receives limited funds from the government for traffic control measures.Putting two and two together, the village is now relying on its flowers to do the work that theroad signs could not, paying for the blooms with crowdfunding(众筹) in the village.Why exactly people slow down isn’t entirely clear. “Evidence has shown that if you introduce things like wildflowers, drivers will slow down because they feel like they’re coming into somewhere that’s looked after,” said Jenny Forde, cabinet member for health and wellbeing atCotswold District Council. A crowdfunding campaign has raised almost £8,000 for traffic-calmingmeasures, which will be used to fund a three-year care program for the wildflowers.A sign that flashes and records data when people are breaking the 30 mph (48 kmph) speed limit was also fixed by the council. According to the data, 90% of motorists drive below the speed limit. It goes to show that something the homeschooling revolution in America is getting right applies elsewhere too, and that rewards for good behavior will always outperform(胜过) punishment for bad behavior.28. What problem are villagers in Long Newnton facing?A. Drivers often overspeed through the village.B. Warning signs are unserviceable inside the village.C. Traffic accidents often happen between the towns.D. Large numbers of people are pouring to visit the village.29. For what did officials plant flowers along the roadside initially?A. Acting as traffic signals.          B. Attracting more tourists.C. Increasing plant diversity.         D. Advising drivers to slow down.30. What can be inferred from the text?A. The longest journey begins with the first step.B. Rewards outweigh punishment in some way.C. Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.D. A good beginning is half of success.31. Which of the following is probably the best title?A. Pay for Flowers with Crowdfunding         B. Natural Traps Found in Long NewntonC. More Measures Taken to Regulate Traffic    D. Handle Speeding with Wildflowers’ HelpDA new study adds to evidence that pharmaceutical（制药的）drugs are polluting rivers in the UK. If antibiotics（抗生素） are widespread in the environment, that could eventually lead to them being less effective.A study by scientists at the University of Leeds suggests that pharmaceutical pollution — small amounts of drugs like painkillers and antibiotics — is widespread in British rivers, and highlights the current lack of management around it.Dr. Paul Kay, lead author on the study, which was published in the journal EnvironmentalPollution, and his colleagues found that small amounts of five pharmaceutical drugs were present in the majority of samples taken from the rivers Aire and Calder in West Yorkshire over an 18-month period.One of the drugs found was an antibiotic. Letting antibiotics get into rivers like this could contribute to the growing problem of antibiotic resistance, where antibiotics stop working as themicroorganisms（微生物）they attack become resistant to them.“If we’re discharging antibiotics into rivers all the time, and bacteria are being constantly exposed to them, then obviously they’re going to develop resistance,” said Kay. “In this particularstudy we only looked at five drugs, but there are potentially hundreds if not thousands of drugs inrivers,” he said. “And from our study, they just don’t seem to become less in rivers as we would expect them to do, based on our understanding from lab experiments.”Kay and his colleagues took samples as far as 5km downstream from wastewater treatment plants, where the drugs are likely to have entered the river, and found that the drugs didn’t seem to get broken down. These “environmental microorganisms” can find their way into humans through water, air, animals, and food. And the effect of such drugs on wildlife is not yet clear. “I don’t think there are any enormous disasters happening,” Kay said. “On the whole it’s long impacts.”32. What is the final result of pharmaceutical pollution?A. It worsens the environment.          B. It increases production costs.C. It affects the quality of life.          D. It reduces the effect of drugs.33. What can be inferred about antibiotics from Kay’s words from Paragraph 5?A. They mainly exist in five drugs.      B. They can live for at least 18 months.C. Their amount will not drop in rivers.  D. Their effect on bacteria will rise.34. What’s Kay’s attitude to the environmental microorganism?A. Optimistic.      B. Concerned.        C. Doubtful.       D. Indifferent.35. Where is the text probably taken from?A. A literature review.            B. A travel brochure.C. A science magazine.           D. A medicine guide.共 第二节（共 5  小题；每小题 2.5  分，满分 12.5  分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Practical Guides to Gift GivingMany people find special occasions and holidays to be stressful. Trying to get the right gift for everyone is no easy task. To make your life easier during those times, follow these simple tips:36   Trying to find something the day before the occasion is extremely stressful and is nearly impossible. If you do find yourself in a situation where you need to come up with a gift right away, get the person a gift certificate to their favorite store.Don’t go overboard in trying to find the most perfect gift. If you try way too hard, it creates resentment and extreme disappointment if the recipient’s reaction is not what you have hoped.   37  Avoid buying cosmetics(化妆品) for people whose taste you don’t know.  38  Those items are embarrassing to return since many stores don’t accept them back. It is the same with buying clothes or jewelry.Avoid giving large items for the home such as paintings or furniture.  39  If you visit this person’s home, they will face the embarrassment of either having to tell you that they got rid of your gift, or having to put the unwanted item on display at their home.40   Present the gift with an easy-going attitude — simply smile and say “This is for you.” And please don’t ask the person about whether they like your gift or not! Give gracefully, and feel confident about your gift. People will surely appreciate your skillful gift giving.Include a gift receipt whenever you can. If the recipient does not like the gift, he or she will really appreciate the opportunity to return it or exchange it for something they like.A. Keep it simple and reasonable.B. Start looking for a gift in advance.C. Choose proper presentation and packaging.D. How you give is as important as what you give.E. Some people feel guilty buying things not absolutely necessary.F. Most people are very picky about the brands, fragrances and colors.G. It puts the recipients in a really bad position if they don’t like your gift.第三部分  语言运用（共两节，满分 30  分）共 第一节（共 15  小题；每小题 1  分，满分 15  分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C 和D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。In 1974, I turned 20. And like many other young women, I was working as a waitress in the local restaurant, but  41  with it.Then  42  I found an ad for a cleaner in Fort Hill Animal Hospital. I answered it and sent inmy qualifications, emphasizing my  43  with the job. I got the job and 3 years later found myself  44  to an “as needed” surgical assistant. I loved  45  the newborn or sick animals.Back then, a single mother as I was, I  46  to live comfortably with the salary. But it soon became evident that I would need more money as my son, who had  47  a serious disease as a baby, would need hearing aids and speech therapy. I  48  to “just go on welfare”, as many suggested. Some veterinarians(兽医) thought I would be a good  49  for the nursing profession,so I applied and was  50  into the Licensed Practical Nursing program. I qualified as a Pell Grant (助学金) and was awarded the entire tuition of $1,500. I was  51  beyond belief.Working nights at Huntington Hospital as a licensed practical nurse gave me a lot of  52 . When I got my license as a registered nurse, I could not only afford the  53  my son needed butalso  54  fund my education. As for my son, Justin turned out  55   , having just celebratedhis 50th birthday. I call him “the guy with one wife, two jobs and three kids”.41. A. busy              B. discontent             C. patient             D. strict42. A. for sure            B. on purpose            C. by chance          D. in effect43. A. satisfaction         B. agreement             C. familiarity         D. boredom44. A. promoted           B. related               C. engaged           D. compared45. A. chatting with        B. setting aside           C. keeping off        D. attending to46. A. chose              B. pretended             C. managed          D. failed47. A. avoided            B. predicted              C. assessed          D. survived48. A. refused            B. afforded               C. desired           D. expected49. A. consultant         B. candidate               C. criterion          D. challenge50. A. changed          B. served                  C. admitted          D. persuaded51. A. upset              B. generous               C. embarrassed      D. grateful52. A. experience          B. pressure               C. tolerance         D. work53. A. trip                B. treatment              C. rent             D. class54. A. further            B. never                  C. highly           D. rarely55. A. wise              B. modest                 C. proud           D. fine第二节（共 10  小题；每小题 1.5  分，满分 15  分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Shanghai Library East Branch Begins Test RunThe Shanghai Library’s East Branch began  56   (it) test operation on August 16. As one ofthe smartest libraries in Shanghai, the new branch has the largest individual library building in China,  57  size is 115,000 square meters. There are nearly 6,000 seats inside and it is expected 58   (receive) 4 million visitors a year. It offers some 400,000 books as well as more than 600 kinds of magazines  59  Chinese and foreign languages.With 12 mobile robot “librarians” and various intelligent systems, it is much   60   (easy)for readers to find the book they need, and borrow or return books while   61   (experience)the latest technologies. The special robot “librarians” can also guide visitors to different areas, answer their questions, search for or recommend books   62  provide broadcasting service. After the books   63   (return), a 24-hour smart sorting line will allow them to be back on the   64   (shelf) quickly.The construction of the new library started in September 2017 and was completed in 2022. The new library will become a cultural center that provides diverse reading-related services and experiences. The original library on Huaihai Road will focus on serving the academic needs of professional readers and research institutions after the new one opens   65   (official).第四部分  写作（共两节，满分 40  分）分 第一节（满分 15  分）假定你是李华，你校国际部来自新西兰的交换生 Paul 对中国航天很感兴趣。请给他写封邮件，邀请他一起参观中国空间站图片展。内容包括：1. 展览时间、地点；2. 展览内容。注意：1. 写作词数应为 80 左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分 25  分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。I had just changed into my running clothes and was leaving my office, off for a run even though it was well over 38℃ outside. I couldn’t explain it, but I felt the need to run despite the record heat. A quarter-mile into my jog, I was exhausted. I admitted defeat and turned around. As Iapproached my car, I saw a dog circling it.When I reached for the door handle, the dog disappeared beneath the car into the shade. I grabbed my bottle and took a drink of water. I then got down on my knees to look for the dog. When I stood up, I found him sitting in the driver’s seat, panting(喘息). I reached over and startedthe car, turning the air conditioning on high. He turned his face toward the vents, enjoying the coldair, his moustache blowing. I poured some water into the bottle cap and offered it to the dog. He drained it in a few desperate gulps(一大口). I refilled it several times before he had his fill.   He wore no collar. I walked around but there was no one in sight. I stood there, looking at the dog staring back at me through the window. He waited patiently as if he’d been in my car dozens of times before. I didn’t know what to do. Leaving him in that heat was out of the question. He would die.I decided to drive him home. Before we were out of the parking lot, he had climbed onto my lap. He looked up at me, and then licked my sweaty face. “Ugh! No licking!”I had never been a dog person. They smelt, they were loud, and they were messy. My newly-married husband had already resigned to the fact that we would never have a dog. And nowone was in my car, on my lap! I pulled into my driveway and shrugged as my husband saw the dog, his eyes wide at this new development.注意：1. 续写词数应为 150 左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。I told him I was calling the animal shelter, lifting the dog out of the car. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Ten days later, I went to the shelter to bring the dog home. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________