2022-2023学年江苏省常州高级中学高三上学期1月月考试题 英语

2022-2023学年 江苏常州高级中学

高三年级1月月考 英语试卷

总分120分 考试时间120分钟 

一、阅读理解（共30分）

Four Little-known European Destinations

Everyone's heard of Europe's major tourist destinations and rightly so – after all, Amsterdam, Berlin, Paris and Rome are all famous for a reason. But there are still numerous cities and regions that aren’t even mentioned on typical European ''to--do'' lists. The following destinations offer a perfect reason to step slightly off the beaten track.

Innsbruck, Austria

Buried at the foot of the towering Alps, the Austrian city of Innsbruck offers guests a chance to appreciate a blend of old and new. The old town dates back over 800 years, and provides a glimpse at Medieval life in the region, while the modern Home of the Giant, a massive center of arts, entertainment and shopping, is the largest of its kind in the world. Within the center is the stunning Swarovskio Crystal Cloud. During winter months, tourists can participate in various alpine activities. Skiing, snowboarding and many other sports are offered on the nearby slopes; during summer, the area provides a perfect site for rock climbing and hiking. Nature lovers can visit the Alpine Zoo, while history lovers can get lost in the many museums and galleries the town has to offer.

Tallinn, Estonia

Located in Estonia and rarely featured as a must-see destination, Tallinn, nonetheless, offers a fascinating chance to relive history in one of Europe's lesser-visited nations. A vibrant city that frequently hosts festivals of various genres, Tallinn is home to the expansive Kumu Art Museum, which has got both classic and contemporary pieces, and the Open Air Museum, a recreated historic village complete with staff in ancient costumes. To add a brilliant final touch to the Estonian experience, visitors should listen for the haunting sounds of the organ from one of the many churches around the city.

Cinque Terre, Italy

A UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1997, the villages of Cinque Terre have a range of activities for everyone. Outdoor enthusiasts can opt to dive or snorkel(潜水) in the marine park, and anyone chasing nature can watch the birdlife in the Riomaggiore’s Torre Guardiola. Manarola is famous for producing Sciacchetra wine, and another village, Vernazza, is known for its cobbled(铺有鹅卵石的) street and various laneways. Vernazza is also home to the Gothic-Ligurian church, which was built in 1318.

Zadar, Croatia

Full of creative architecture and full of history, the city of Zadar in Croatia continues to fascinate visitors year after year. The famous Wide Street, which is even older than the city itself is a reminder of the Roman influence on the area. The Museum of Ancient Glass has a vast collection of Roman glassware from the commanding 19th-century Cosmacendi Palace.

1．What’s the purpose of the passage?

A．To explain why the four places are ''off the beaten track''.

B．To compare the four places with Europe's major tourist destinations.

C．To require the four places to be added on typical European ''to-do'' lists.

D．To illustrate the unique attractions worth seeing in the four places.

2．Which of the following is NOT right based on the passage?

A．Innsbruck is a charming city, drawing natural explorers, art lovers and shopaholics.

B．In the Open Air Museum, visitors may experience history with the staff dressed in clothes of ancient times.

C．Cinque Terre provides an access to exciting outdoor activities and relaxing cultural tour.

D．The Wide Street reflects the Roman influence on the city of Zadar for it's even older than the city itself.公众号高中僧课堂

3．Mr. Smith is a nature lover keen on various activities while Mrs. Smith is a religious person eager to visit beautiful churches. Which of the following places do you suggest to the couple for a holiday?

A．Innsbruck, Austria B．Tallinn, Estonia

C．Cinque Terre, Italy D．Zadar, Croatia

I took a job at a vet (兽医) clinic almost five decades ago. As an enthusiastic animal lover, I accepted the position on the condition that I wouldn't have to assist with any wounded animals. I couldn't bear to see any creature in pain.

At the end of my first week, we were closing the office for the day when a young man ran up to us holding a severely injured Doberman pinscher puppy (杜宾幼犬) in his arms and begging us to save his life. The four-month-old pup had been hit by a car.

The doctor and I ran back into the operating room. The only place the skin was still attached to this poor little animal's body was around one shoulder. The vet worked tirelessly for what seemed like hours, sewing him back together again. That was the easy part. The puppy had broken multiple bones, including his spine (脊椎) . If he survived the next few days, we were quite sure he would never walk.

That day forever changed my life. I became the vet's assistant in all things medical. One of my first jobs was to give that Doberman puppy daily physical therapy, I remember moving his tiny legs to try to keep his muscles from weakening.

Weeks went by until one day, I felt this little fighter push back ever so slightly. And he continued to push back till he could finally use his legs.

Fast-forward about a year. I walked into the clinic's crowded waiting room and called the name of the next client. Suddenly, a huge Doberman who had been standing quietly with his owner on the opposite side of the room broke loose and dashed toward me. 1 found myself pinned against the wall with this magnificent dog standing on his hind legs, his front paws on my shoulders, washing my face with abundant and joyful kisses!

I still tear up in amazement at the display of love and gratitude the dog had for me that day all those years ago.

4．Which was the possible position the author took originally at the clinic?

A．A medical assistant.

B．A professional vet.

C．An enthusiastic volunteer.

D．A regular receptionist.

5．How did the author help the dog?

A．She sewed his wounds.

B．She fixed his spine.

C．She helped him to recover.

D．She taught him to walk.

6．What can we infer about the dog?

A．He struggled to be on his feet.

B．He liked to lick people’s faces.

C．He got well immediately.

D．He got fierce afterwards.

7．Why did the huge Doberman dash toward the author?

A．To push her away B．To be a lucky dog

C．to show his gratitude to her D．To ask for some food

8．What is the best title of this passage?

A．A loving vet B．A lucky dog

C．A grateful patient D．A life-changing story

Professor Sun Jun, aged 93 in 2018, has devoted his life to working on China’s giant construction projects, including the Qinghai-Tibet highway, Three Gorges Dam, and the Yangtze River Tunnel. In his latest project, the Tongji University academic served as a senior adviser on the construction of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge.

Under the guidance of Sun, Xu Wei, a professor in Tonji and Sun’s student, took over technical assistance for the construction of the bridge. “Every time I saw Sun and other professors working on the bridge,I felt at ease,” said Lin Ming, the general project manager. Lin initially invited an experienced Dutch company to serve as the technical assistant for the project. The company wanted to charge US $171million. He then asked for help from Xu along with experts in Tongji University.

The methods developed by Tongji University reduced the impact of the bridge on the Chinese white dolphin, which is under first class state protection. The key challenge during the construction of the bridge was the 6.7-km underwater tunnel, the world’s longest and deepest undersea tunnel. Ding Wenqi, who was nicknamed the “ tunnel expert” , was asked to ensure the tubes be connected perfectly—even under the influences of land subsidence (下沉), water pressure and tide movement. Hu Xiangdong, another professor with Tongji, developed a method to freeze the earth around the tunnel to prevent water leakage and land subsidence during the digging of the most challenging 2-km section of the tunnel.

The tunnel section of the project was completed in May 2017. Sun was invited to visit the near-completed bridge again in February 2018. The expert said he felt the most relaxed this time since most of the challenges have been conquered. “In the next step, we should focus on how to make the two artificial islands more beautiful and attract travelers,” Sun said.

Xu said all the staff in my office took a great pride in watching the TV news of the bridge’s official opening on Wednesday.

9．What is Professor Sun’s contribution to the bridge?

A．He worked in Tongji University.

B．He was the general project manager.

C．He gave much advice on the project.

D．He took over the technical assistance.

10．Why did Lin Ming ask for help from experts in Tongji University?

A．The Dutch company charged too much.

B．The technical assistant had too much trouble.

C．Tongji University did best in the giant projects.

D．He felt relaxed to see professors working on the bridge.

11．What’s the greatest trouble in building the bridge?

A．Protecting the Chinese white dolphin.

B．Constructing the longest & deepest undersea tunnel.

C．Controlling the water pressure.

D．Preventing the tide.

12．How did the expert stop water leaking in building the undersea tunnel?

A．By keeping the tide moving.

B．By digging deep into the sea.

C．By increasing the water pressure.

D．By freezing the nearby earth around the tunnel.

Can exercise during childhood protect you against memory loss many years later? Exercise early in life seems to have lifelong benefits for the brain, in rats at least.

“This is an animal study, but it shows that physical activity at a young age is very important — not just for physical development, but for the whole lifelong track of cognitive development during ageing,” says Martin of the University of Toronto, Canada. “In humans, it may put off the appearance of Alzheimer’s symptoms, possibly to the point of preventing them.“

Martin’s team divided 80 young male rats into two equal groups, and placed running wheels in the cages of one group for a period of six weeks. Around four months later — when the rats had reached middle age — the team taught all the rats to connect an electric shock with being in a specific box. When placed in the box, they froze with fear.

Two weeks later, the team tested the rats in three situations: exactly the same box in the same room, the same box with the room arranged differently, and a completely different box in a different room.

The rats without access to a running wheel when they were young now froze the same percentage of times in each of these situations, suggesting they couldn’t remember which one was dangerous. But those that had been able to run in their youth froze 40 to 50 percent less in both changed box settings.

“The results suggest the amount of physical activity when we’re young, at least for rats, has influence on brain and cognitive health — in the form of better memories — when we’re older,” says Arthur Kramer of Northeastern University in Boston, who has found that, in humans, exercise improves the growth of new brain cells.

13．The study shows that______.

A．physical activity is important for physical health

B．using the running wheels is of benefit to the rats’ growth

C．physical activity can prevent human’s Alzheimer’s symptoms

D．exercise when young can prevent memory loss when older in rats

14．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to?

A．exercise B．development C．benefit D．study

15．How are Paragraph 3 and 4 mainly developed?

A．By analyzing causes. B．By giving an example.

C．By describing the process. D．By showing differences.

16．What is the author’s attitude towards the animal study?

A．Surprised. B．Objective (客观的). C．Critical (批判性的). D．Doubtful.

二、七选五（共10分）

How to stop glasses fogging up with a face mask

Wearing a mask keeps you safe during the pandemic, but it come with its own set of challenges. And, one of the biggest drawbacks of wearing a mask is how much your glasses fog up and affect your vision. Taking off your glasses to wipe them clean each time it fogs up is not only frustrating, but it can also increase the risk of infection. ___17___ Here are some tricks to stop it.

Twist your mask strings.

From the side, once you twist it, the strings will look like the figure eight. This is great for stopping fogging because it redirects your breath by putting slight downward pressure on the top part of the mask. ___18___ This may leave you infected by virus.

 ___19___

If you wash your glasses with soap, this creates a thin film on your lenses which limits fogging. Use a fragrance-free soap and mix it with warm water. Put your glasses in it and let it air dry. When you wear your glasses next, soap molecules on your lenses should block fogging.

Use tissues.

You can put a tissue under the top part of the mask. ___20___ To do this DIY trick properly, you should fold a tissue in half and place the straight edge along the bridge of your nose.

Change the position of your masks and glasses.

 ___21___ But if you do this there are a few things to keep in mind. Firstly, you need to make sure that your mask still covers your chin(下巴)after you pull it up. And, if your prescription is stronger, this trick could impact your vision and cause increased blurriness.

A．Put glasses in the water.

B．Wash your glasses with soap.

C．It will help catch air and damp, keeping your glasses free of fog.

D．So the key is to prevent or minimize fogging due to face masks.

E．Cover your chin with masks to prevent need for repositioning when talking.

F．Though, it’s worth noting that it does create a slight gap between the mask and your face.

G．Pull up your mask and draw your glasses down, blocking your breath from rising upwards.

三、完形填空（共30分）

Like many young people, Jessica wants to travel the globe. Unlike most of them, this 25-year-old is doing it ___22___ . She and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world, stopping everywhere from Paris to Singapore. It might sound like one long, expensive ___23___ , but the couple has an unusual way to make their travel ___24___ .

They’re part of a new form of the ___25___ economy: an online group of house sitters. Throughout their no-cost stays in ___26___ homes, they feed pets and water plants in the homeowner’s ___27___ .

It’s not all sightseeing. The two travelers carefully ___28___ their trips, scheduling their days around the pets that are sometimes difficult to ___29___ . But house sitting also offers a level of ___30___ they can’t find in a hotel. “It’s like ____31____ at a friend’s house,” Jessica says.

The couple has a high ____32____ rate in getting accepted as house sitters and they always go beyond the homeowner’s ____33____ . For Jessica, that means ____34____ plenty of pictures of happy pets, keeping the house ____35____ and leaving a nice small gift before heading to the next house. “You want to make the homeowner feel that they made the right ____36____ ,” she says.

22．A．indoors B．online C．single-handed D．full-time

23．A．game B．service C．vacation D．procedure

24．A．safe B．busy C．helpful D．affordable

25．A．local B．private C．sharing D．agricultural

26．A．strangers’ B．parents’ C．co-workers’ D．neighbors’

27．A．favor B．defense C．honor D．absence

28．A．plan B．explain C．compare D．complete

29．A．buy B．transport C．choose D．please

30．A．support B．comfort C．control D．attention

31．A．cooking B．staying C．waiting D．studying

32．A．success B．survival C．growth D．unemployment

33．A．budget B．abilities C．expectations D．understanding

34．A．admiring B．donating C．sending D．borrowing

35．A．clean B．open C．simple D．empty

36．A．guess B．decision C．response D．impression

四、用单词的适当形式完成短文（共15分）

阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡题号为66-75的相应位置上。

Working out helps you deal with stress in your job, relationships or any area of life. It is possibly ____37____ exercise is a form of stress itself and helps your body deal with it in a better way. Australian researchers found that those ____38____ did 30 minutes of aerobic (有氧的) exercise three times a week responded better to stress and had ___39___ (low) blood pressure.

Even ___40___ little exercise, from an easy 10-minute walk to an intense aerobics, seems to decrease your feeling ___41___ anxiety. Working out regularly may make you smarter now and lessen the ___42___ (possible) that you’ll lose brain function at your age. According to a recent animal study, exercise can ____43____ (actual) help the brain develop new cells. In the last few years, it ____44____ (show) in several studies that regular aerobic exercise can improve the quality of sleep. Naturally, this can make you less tired and be able to function better during the day.

Finally, there’s one more reason to keep ___45___ (exercise). When you work out regularly, your body simply functions better and you are healthier and less likely _____46_____ (suffer) painful physical condition.

五、邀请信（共15分）

47．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.

假定你是校报专栏的编辑李华，请给你的留学生朋友Alice写邮件邀请她为“健康生活”专栏写一篇文章。内容包括∶

1.报纸栏目介绍;

2.具体的投稿时间和要求。

注意：1.写作词数应为80左右;

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

参考词汇：栏目column/section

Dear Alice,

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua

六、读后续写（共20分）

48．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段使之构成一篇完整短文。

I stood with my friends in a line. My heart was hammering like anything, my hands cold and wet, my head buzzing with excitement and nervousness at the same time. I earnestly listened to the names of the house captains (社长) being announced, but in my heart, I wanted it to end because then the head girl would be announced. I so wanted it to be me.

I had made countless posters badges and bracelets for the campaigning. Instead of having lunch during the lunch time, I had gone from person to person, asking them to vote for me. I had shouted at the top of my lungs the slogan, “East or West, Maryam is the best! Vote for her and your year will be best."

I had tried my hardest to convince people to vote for me, now all I had left was hope.

“Guess who the head girl for the year is?" teased the announcer.

A heavy silence fell, one that was full of hope and expectation, of fear and of nervousness.

The announcer teased for a minute or two before finally announcing the name of the head girl.

I felt confused as my friends pushed me out of the line. As I looked at the huge crowd clapping for me, I could not believe that I was the head girl of the school. The head of the council body. The student that was respected and liked by everybody.

From then on, I enjoyed the respect I got in and out of school. At home, my family members praised me and at school everyone looked up to me. They thought I was an inspiration as well as someone they could get motivated by. I had power. I could talk to the school principal and convince her to do anything. I could order around other council members and ask them to do anything.

But as days passed, I realized that with power comes responsibility

注意:

1.续写词数应为150左右:

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Paragraph 1:

I was given countless responsibility along with my studies.

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Paragraph 2:

The principal listened attentively, her concern clearly written on her face.

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

答案及解析：

1．D    2．D    3．C

4．D    5．C    6．A    7．C    8．C

9．C    10．A    11．B    12．D

13．D    14．A    15．C    16．B

17．D    18．F    19．B    20．C    21．G

22．D    23．C    24．D    25．C    26．A    27．D    28．A    29．D    30．B    31．B    32．A    33．C    34．C    35．A    36．B

37．because    38．who    39．lower    40．a    41．of    42．possibility    43．actually    44．has been shown    45．exercising         46．to suffer

I’d like to invite you to write an article for our school’s English newspaper, which is popular among us students, especially the articles about health.

The “Healthy Lifestyle” section carries a wide variety of articles written by foreign friends about their opinions on their balanced diet, healthy food, food safety or physical exercise. Since you are always having the good habit of keeping early hours, would you please share something about how to keep a healthy schedule? By the way your article may have a title made up by yourself. You can also write anything relevant so long as it’s interesting and informative. 400words would be fine. Could we have your article before August 2.

I’m looking forward to hearing from you.

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua

48．A possible version:

I was given countless responsibilities along with my studies. I had to check students’ uniform, keep an alert mind for bullies, and maintain order when students queue up for meals. My energy and the excitement drained out of me as I realized that with a position comes burdens. As a result, my marks dropped dramatically and I eventually broke down. One day, I found myself in the principal’s office, telling her with deep sorrow that I could no longer be the head girl.

The principal listened attentively, her concern clearly written on her face. She put her hand on my shoulder and expressed her understanding. She suggested I turn to the former head girl and find some assistants. I was doubtful at first, but my doubts vanished as the suggestions proved very helpful. Now I felt I would be able to do this and at the same time ace at my studies. When you ask for power, you should be prepared to accept the responsibilities that come with it too.