2022-2023学年江西省新余市第一中学高三上学期期末质量检测 英语（原版 解析版）

新余市一中2022—2023学年度上学期期末质量检测

高三英语试题

(考试时间：120分钟    试卷满分：150分)

注意事项：

1.答题前，务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡规定的位置上。

2.答选择题时，必须使用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。

3.答非选择题时，必须使用0.5毫米黑色笔迹的签字笔，将答案书写在答题卡规定的位置上。

4.所有题目必须在答题卡上作答，在试题卷上答题无效。

5.考试结束后，只将答题卡交回。

第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)

第一节(共5小;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1. What is the weather like?

A Rainy.         B. Sunny.         C. Snowy.

2. What will the woman do?

A. Wash the dishes.    B. Clean the toilet.    C. Tidy up the books.

3. Why did people vote for the woman?

A. She is popular.    B. She is clever.    C. She is reliable.

4. What does the man think about engineering?

A. It’s difficult.    B. It’s interesting.    C. It’s boring.

5. What does the man like best about the box of chocolates?

A. The size.        B. The amount.    C. The variety.

第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6. What happened to Lucy’s sister?

A. She was ill.       

B. She found a new job.

C. She couldn’t sleep at night.

7. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?

A. Doctor and patient.

B. Brother and sister.

C. Friends.

听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

8. What are the speakers doing?

A. Cleaning a house.

B. Looking around a house.

C. Decorating a house.

9. What is the woman?

A A cleaner.        B. A renter.        C. A gardener.

10. How much is the house worth now?

A. One million dollars.

B. Four million dollars.

C. Eight million dollars.

听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。

11. What is the man’s favorite video game probably?

A. Minecraft.        B. Genshin Impact.    C. Honor of Kings.

12. What game mode does the woman like to use when playing Minecraft?

A. Adventure Mode.

B. Survival Mode.

C. Creative Mode.

13. What does the woman suggest the man search for first when playing Minecraft?

A. Wool.            B. Wood.            C. Iron.

听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。

14. Where are the speakers?

A. In the library.    B. In a train station.    C. In a hotel.

15. How many days will the bike ride last?

A. Six.            B. Seven.            C. Eight.

16. How will the speakers reach the hotel from the village?

A. By train.        B. By car.            C. By bike.

17. What’s the man’s attitude towards the woman’s idea?

A. Doubtful.        B. Worried.        C. Supportive.

听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。

18. Where is Mont-Saint-Michel located?

A. In England.        B. In France.        C. In Ireland.

19. When was the church built on the island?

A. In the 8th century.

B. In the 6th century.

C. In the 3rd century.

20. Why were the great walls built?

A. For shelter.        B. For pleasure.    C. For defense.

第二部分    阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)

阅读下列材料，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。

A

Are you interested in robot-science? What do you think robots are capable of? Let’s have a review of world-leading technology gathered at the World Robot Conference (WRC) 2022.

Technology in agriculture

A fruit-picking robot attracted visitors’ attention. With the help of various sensors and an AI system, the robot can collect fruit according to its ripeness, quality and size. The robot first locates the fruit and then uses sensors to decide whether it is ripe, with a robotic arm picking the fruit gently. The fruit is then categorized, ending up in a basket according to its size. It is said that more robotic technology will be used in agriculture in the future, including robots for daily inspection and weeding.

Robots fighting Covid-19

Medical staff conducting nucleic acid tests often find their work toilsome, especially under the summer heat. A nucleic acid test robot developed by Tsinghua University and a Chinese biotech company was presented at the WRC. It looks like a vending machine, but the robot can collect throat swabs (拭子), process samples, as well as produce and upload the results within 45 minutes. The whole process will not require the involvement of humans or laboratories.

Inventions of the youth

Those visiting the exhibit also witnessed the intelligence of a new generation. Wang Zirun, a junior student at the school, designed a three-dimensional parking facility model. Since there are usually too few parking spaces in older residential areas, Wang’s work aims to fit more cars into current parking spots. The facility works like a sky wheel with six parking spots. When cars need to be picked up, the facility rotates steadily, placing the car on the ground.

1. Why is the parking facility designed like a sky wheel?

A. To make the most of limited space.

B. To prevent cars from being stolen.

C. To increase ground parking spaces.

D. To save building materials.

2. What can we infer from the text?

A. Human can be replaced by the robot in the future.

B. The WRC is intended to inspire the intelligence of a young generation.

C. All the inventions mentioned have been put into practical use.

D. Both the fruit-picking robot and the nucleic acid test robot can save manpower.

3. Where is the text probably taken from?

A. A travel brochure. B. A science magazine.

C. A technology textbook. D. A product advertisement.

B

Like most foreigners from English-speaking countries, Holt’s first job in China was teaching English in training centers and middle schools. Since November, 2021, he has been a teacher at New Channel, a Beijing-based language training institute. “I teach them theater,” he said.

Holt was very shy as a kid. In the first grade, he was invited to “star” in Romeo and Juliet. He declined. But his teacher insisted on giving him the biggest part. “He gave me the power to empower(给予力量) myself,” Holt explained. He intended to pass on that same feeling. So he studied theater and education at the Evergreen State College in the US, and then went to Asia, first the Republic of Korea, then China.

“Teaching theater and public speaking in China is wonderful,” he said. Training aside, he and his colleagues also adapt Chinese stories, like The Monkey King, into English screenplays for students. “Children literally want to be as dramatic as possible instead of just reciting words,” he said.

But teaching is not all it’s cracked up to be. “The biggest challenge is to get the introverted (内向的) kids—or adults—to speak up,” Holt added. Making the shyest kid the director is one of his methods to build them up. And the change with them is noticeable: students who’d barely utter a word before end up being the loudest person in the room. “I love to see that turnaround,” Holt said.

His future plan is to get as many children as possible to feel more empowered, and “make theater a little bridge” between China and other countries.

Art makes for a universal conversation start. Despite disagreements among different countries, people from different countries can get along well through art. “I think it’s a really powerful thing that we can all share,” he said.

4. How did Holt react when invited to “star” in Romeo and Juliet?

A. He didn’t show interest in the least.

B. He joined in without any hesitation.

C. He wondered if he could play the role.

D. He turned it down owing to shyness.

5. Which of the following does Holt want to convey about theatre?

A. It can remove all barriers between cultures.

B. It can give shy children power to speak up.

C. It can help children overcome any challenge.

D. It can change conventional teaching methods.

6. What does the underlined phrase in the last paragraph mean?

A. Makes up. B. Takes over. C. Results in. D. Breaks down.

7. What can be a suitable title for the passage?

A Art builds a cultural bridge. B. Theater is to be a trend in teaching.

C. Art appeals to kids in China. D. Theater will make all kids love art.

C

It seems no one can really agree on the question of “What’s so funny?” So imagine trying to teach a robot how to laugh. But that’s exactly what a team of researchers at Kyoto University in Japan are trying to design an AI that takes its cues through a shared laughter system. The scientists describe their innovative approach to building a funny bone for the Japanese android ‘Erica’ in the latest issue of the journal Frontiers in Robotics and AI.

“We think that one of the important functions of conversational AI is empathy(移情，共鸣),” explained lead author Dr Koji Inoue, an assistant professor at Kyoto University in the Department of Intelligence Science and Technology within the Graduate School of Informatics. “One way a robot can empathize with users is to share their laughter.”

In the shared-laughter model, a human initially laughs and the AI system responds with laughter as an empathetic response. This approach required designing three subsystems—one to detect laughter, a second to decide whether to laugh, and a third to choose the type of appropriate laughter. The type of laughter is also important, because in some cases a polite chuckle may be more appropriate than a loud snort of laughter.

The team tested Erica’s new sense of humor by creating four different short dialogues between a person and Erica with her new shared-laughter system. Then they asked more than 130 people in total to listen to each dialogue within the three different conditions—shared laughter system, no laughter, all laughter—and evaluated the interactions based on human-likeness, naturalness and understanding. The shared-laughter system performed better than either baseline.

“Robots should actually have a distinct character, and we think that they can show this through their conversational behaviors, such as laughing, eye gaze, gestures and speaking style,” Inoue added. “We do not think this is an easy problem at all, and it may well take more than 10 to 20 years before we can finally have a casual chat with a robot like we would with a friend.”

8. Why does the text raise the question “What’s so funny” at the beginning?

A. To show opinions on funny things.

B. To encourage readers to share their ideas.

C. To emphasize the importance of being funny.

D. To stress the difficulty of teaching a robot to laugh.

9. Which of the following explains the underlined phrase “a funny bone” in paragraph 1?

A. The distinct character. B. The type of laughter.

C. The speaking style. D. The sense of humor.

10. What is NOT needed in the research of the shared-laughter system?

A Assessing the interactions based on emotions.

B. Producing a subsystem to decide whether to laugh.

C. Creating brief conversations between a human and Erica.

D. Asking people to listen to the previously created dialogues.

11. What is Inoue’s attitude towards conversational AI?

A. Indifferent B. Suspicious C. Objective D. Optimistic

D

The burning of coal may be falling out of favor as a means of generating heat and electricity, but that doesn’t mean it no longer has valuable uses. The team of King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) is using coal for a new economy.

The project is led by Associate Professor Andrea Fratalocchi. While reading about challenges of ending the use of coal in power generation, Fratalocchi was struck by a novel possible use for coal. “Why don’t we use coal for seawater desalination (脱盐)?” Fratalocchi recalls, still excited. Capable of taking in sunlight, the black mineral adds to the list of substances in dark colors serving the purpose, which the team is on a long-standing hunt for.

Fralalocchi and his team began to explore the use of a material known as carbonized compressed powder (压缩粉末), also CCP, which is created by breaking coal into powder, and then pressing that powder back into a solid that has more tiny holes—it can also be made into a desired shape. The team mixed CCP with natural cotton fibers, producing a block which was then placed within a seawater-containing container, with its bottom touching water surface. While sunlight heated the black surface of the block, the inside fibers helped water flow in and through the block from the bottom. When that liquid water reached the hot surface, it turned into steam which rose and condensed (冷凝) on the inside of a specially shaped cover. That condensation then flew down the cover and was collected as fresh, drinkable water. The seawater’s salt content remained behind within the CCP. A simple wash was enough to remove most of it, so the material could be reused multiple times.

KAUST has partnered with the Dutch start-up PERA Complexity to promote the technology. The material will see its first use in a pilot plant in Brazil. “CCP is abundant in nature and reasonable to use, besides being lightweight and highly changeable,” says team member Marcella Bonifazi. “The device’s desalination rate per unit of raw material is two to three times higher than that of any other solar desalination system, but it produces fresh water at around one-third the expense of current state-of-the-art technologies.”

12. What has Fratalocchi’s team been seeking for?

A. Fibers functioning well with CCP.

B. Green ways to desalinate seawater.

C. New industrial applications of coal.

D. Dark-colored materials for desalination.

13. How did the seawater get into the CCP block?

A. Through the tiny holes. B. Through CCP.

C. Through cotton fibers. D. Through a special cover.

14. Which feature of CCP does Marcella Bonifazi stress?

A. Being eco-friendly. B. Being low-cost.

C. Being efficient. D. Being flexible.

15. What does the text mainly talk about?

A. Drinkable water will be got from the sea.

B. CCP is expected to be in real-life use soon.

C. Coal finds new use in desalination technology.

D. Scientists have made a breakthrough in desalination.

第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

Cloud storage is a flexible and convenient way to store data with complete peace of mind. ___16___ This means you can store all your digital things remotely, without taking up space on your computer.There are two options available:public cloud storage allows you to share hosting space with other users; private cloud storage is the ideal choice for companies who want to have their data stored in their own environment.

___17___ Once you have registered and set up your account, you simply save your files via the internet using your username and password. This ensures your data remains secure and inaccessible to anyone else. Should you choose, you can put certain permissions in place, which makes it easy to share your data with your colleagues or your family.

When you sign up to cloud storage, you can choose the amount of space you need. ___18___ You can store anything digital: all your files, videos and pictures. Whether you want to use this storage solution to store your family photographs or you want to use it to store your work documentation, you will find it quite convenient.

Is it better than your computer or an external drive? The answer is a definite yes. Computers crash all the time. This is the most common cause of lost work and memories. ___19___ Here you also have the added risk of misplacing it or having it stolen. There are so many advantages to cloud computing, from the ability to access your data from wherever, whenever, to not needing expensive external storage devices. ___20___

A. Cloud storage is very simple to use.

B. You will find cloud storage very cheap.

C. External hard drives can still break, or fail.

D. It enables you to store your data on hosted servers.

E. Cloud storage providers offer multiple layers of data security.

F. The only disadvantage, however, is that you need internet to access files.

G. You can start with a small amount and increase the storage size later on.

第三部分    语言运用 (共两节，满分45分)

第一节(共20小题每小题1.5分，满分30分)

阅读下面的短文，全科免费下载公众号《高中僧课堂》从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。

Desperate to help his 96-year-old mother to speak her mother tongue again, Keith McDermott made an____21____on social media and was met with a flood of kind responses. The old____22____, Ray, was moved to tears after talking on the phone with one of the____23____respondents in Welsh.

Ray moved to America after meeting her husband when she was only 18, ____24____waving goodbye to her____25____in Wales. She continued to speak Welsh with her mum keeping a little bit of____26____. But she lost her____27____mum four decades ago and hadn’t spoken Welsh since.

____28____suffering from short-term memory loss and sometimes not remembering what she has done____29____, Ray’s childhood memories in Wales remain crystal_____30_____. “She wants to_____31_____, but I know,_____32_____her age, such long-distance travel is out of the question,” said Keith. “Once she mentioned: I wish I could speak Welsh again but I_____33_____I never will. It was then that I thought I should make her wish_____34_____.”

So Keith, 70, _____35_____on social media on a group called “New York Welsh” asking for any Welsh speakers that could speak Welsh with his mum. And he was_____36_____, as well as a little shocked, to receive over 30 responses within half an hour. “Speaking with Melisa, her (Ray’s) Welsh was a little rusty. A few more Welsh conversations and I think she’d be_____37_____again,” added Keith.

“When you have a parent in their nineties, you will find you two have something_____38_____: you’re both old, so I am very sympathetic to my mother’s feelings of loneliness and isolation. I’m feeling it myself.” Keith hopes to_____39_____more Welsh phone conversations for his mum and Melisa has promised to send Ray some short stories in Welsh to_____40_____her of her life in Wales.

21. A. apology B. indication C. appeal D. assignment

22. A. gentleman B. lady C. traveler D. explorer

23. A. lonely B. senior C. original D. enthusiastic

24. A. thus B. so C. and D. instead

25. A. relatives B. friends C. life D. tongue

26. A. home B. hope C. tension D. similarity

27. A. superb B. lovely C. beloved D. homesick

28. A. Due to B. As for C. Apart from D. In spite of

29. A. before B. randomly C. recently D. gradually

30. A. clear B. blue C. faded D. fragile

31. A. talk B. leave C. return D. quit

32. A. neglecting B. given C. assuming D. remembering

33. A. spot B. decide C. suppose D. promise

34. A. launch B. realize C. abolish D. happen

35. A. posted B. searched C. mentioned D. linked

36. A. puzzled B. embarrassed C. touched D. fascinated

37. A. passionate B. stable C. casual D. fluent

38. A. in trouble B. in common C. in general D. in vain

39. A. set up B. take up C. make up D. bring up

40. A. cure B. remind C. accuse D. inform

第二节(共10小题每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Water shortage is one of the____41____(great) crises facing us today, with two thirds of the global population living in areas____42____water is scarce( 稀缺) for a month or more every year. There are two factors contributing____43____this problem: increasing global demand for water, and unsustainable means by which these demands are being met. Yet, despite the increasing water usage, it____44____(predict) that there will be a further 60%-100% increase in water usage by 2050.

This is not just____45____matter of turning the tap off when you brush your____46____(tooth), or cutting your showers down to 3 minutes. In fact, daily activities of human make up less than 4% of our total water use, with the remaining 92%____47____(fall) into two ‘invisible’ categories: the industrial production of household items and food. Astonishingly, 69% of our total daily water____48____(consume) comes from the growth and production of food alone.

____49____(fortunate), there is no single go-to reference book for the exact number of liters used in the production of any individual food item. This is a hard pill to swallow, for we have other factors____50____(consider) when weighing up the benefits of every food choice: taste, cost and convenience.

第四部分    写作(共两节，满分35分)

第一节，短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)

51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Not only our parents give us life, but they offer us endless love and support, always share our happiness and sorrow. I’m very grateful for my parents. I still remember once I was seriously ill, they were so worrying. Both of them kept my company the whole night. Now, I’m the senior 3 student. Luckily, my parents could understand my stressful condition and often communicate with me with encouraging word. Furthermore, they allow me enough personal space, what I appreciate so much. When I grow up, I’ll try my best to make my parents to live a happy life.

第二节 书面表达(满分25分)

52. 假如你是李华，你校邀请到了专家Professor Liu 为爱尔兰(Ireland)访问团做一个关于中国传统文化的讲座。作为主持人，请你写一篇开场发言稿，内容包括：

1.表示欢迎；2. 简要介绍专家；2.讲座内容。

注意：

1.词数100左右；

2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3.开头已给出，不计入总词数。

Ladies and gentlemen,

Welcome to our school!

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