2022-2023学年山西部分学校高三上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年山西部分学校高三上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版），共23页。试卷主要包含了本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，答题前，考生务必用直径0，本卷命题范围等内容，欢迎下载使用。

高三英语
考生注意：
1.本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
2.答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。
3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。
4.本卷命题范围：高考范围。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What does the woman promise to do for the man?
A.Get his bag cleaned. B.Look after his mom. C.Teach him to paint.
2.What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A.A watch. B.A chair. C.A game.
3.How many times did the woman ride roller coasters?
A.One.B.Three. C.Eight.
4.What does the woman suggest the man do?
A.Lie down. B.Sit still. C. Walk around.
5.Where does the man ask the woman to go?
A.The normal baggage area.
B.The oversized baggage counter.
C.The overweight baggage area.
第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.What did the woman do to the red car?
A.She pushed it back casually.
B.She put her heavy bags on it.
C.She accidentally scratched it.
7.What does the woman decide to do at last?
A.Go to a grocery store. B.Talk to the car owners. C.Leave a note.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8.What did the man do at the John sons’ party?
A.He swam in a pool. B.He danced on the table. C.He performed a magic.
9.How does the woman find the man’s behavior at Lisa’s graduation celebration?
A.Embarrassing. B.Interesting. C.Meaningful.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10.When will the man go to Africa on holiday?
A.In July. B.In August. C.In September.
11.Why will the man send a We Chat message to John?
A.To check on office seats.
B.To ask for his ID number.
C.To tell him to book tickets.
12.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A.Former schoolmates. B.Guide and traveler. C.Boss and secretary.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13.How long does the woman sleep every night these days?
A.Six to seven hours. B.Seven to eight hours. C.Eight to nine hours.
14.Why does the woman feel sick?
A.She has no friends to talk to.
B.She does badly in her studies.
C.She is under too much pressure.
15.What is the woman advised to do?
A.Do less exercise. B.Listen to light music. C.Avoid taking pills.
16.Where does the conversation probably take place?
A.In a clinic. B.At school. C.At home.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17.Which is Raymond Blanc’s native country?
A.Germany. B.Britain. C.France.
18.What does Raymond Blanc do?
A.A TV host. B.An editor. C.A chef.
19.What is special about the menu in the Brasserie Blanc restaurants?
A.It changes with seasons.
B.It is just designed for kids.
C.It mainly focuses on wine.
20.What is the present price of the 3-course meal?
A.$15. B.$45. C.$66.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Welcome to the 2022 Hal Leonard Vocal(声乐的)Competition
2022 will be the twelfth year of the annual Hal Leonard Vocal Competition, an innovative online competition for singers. This is the only vocal competition for all of North America aimed at young singers, aged 23 and under, and one of the first competitions for music students held entirely online on YouTube.
Unlike almost every other music competition there is no entry fee, making it accessible to any qualified singer, who records a video of singing a song, and then posts it on the Internet by the deadline. This saves the commonly encountered expenses of traveling to specific destinations, as is the case in conventional music competitions.
It includes four age categories:
·Children: 12 and under
·Early Teens:13～15
·High School:16～18
·College Undergraduates/Young Adults:19～23
A certain amount of money is awarded to first place winners in each category, and valuable gift certificates are awarded to those singers placed second and third. Gift certificates are also possible for those named Honorable Mention.
Notice:
·Video entries must be submitted before February 2,2022.
·The video must clearly show your face. A stationary camera position throughout, showing your face and most of your body, is perfectly acceptable, even preferable.
·Singers are required to sing their selections from memory. If a singer’s performance is not memorized, the entry will be disqualified.
·You may sing with a live pianist in your video entry,or you may sing with official Hal Leonard recorded accompaniments. We will not accept unaccompanied entries. You can not accompany yourself.
·You are required to introduce yourself and your selections in the video, either verbally before your selection or with a title card before the songs.
1. How is the competition different from other music competitions?
A. It is held annually. B. It charges no entry fee.
C. It is aimed at teens. D. It offers travel chances.
2. What will go to the first place winners?
A. Cash prizes. B. Travel tickets.
C. Gift certificates. D. Expensive cameras.
3. What are the participants required to do in their video entries?
A. Hide their faces all the time. B. Accompany themselves alone.
C. Sing songs from their memory. D. Avoid introducing themselves.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个音乐比赛的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Unlike almost every other music competition, there is no entry fee, making it accessible to any qualified singer, who records a video of singing a song, and then posts it on the Internet by the deadline. 与几乎所有其他音乐比赛不同的是，该比赛不收取报名费，任何合格的歌手都可以参加，他们只需录制一段唱歌的视频，然后在截止日期前将其发布到互联网上)”可知，这个比赛与其他音乐比赛的不同之处是不收取参赛费。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“A certain amount of money is awarded to first place winners in each category, and valuable gift certificates are awarded to those singers placed second and third. (每个类别的第一名将获得一定金额的奖金，第二名和第三名将获得有价值的礼券)”可知，一等奖的获得者可以获得现金奖励。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Notice部分“·Singers are required to sing their selections from memory. If a singer’s performance is not memorized, the entry will be disqualified.(·歌手被要求凭记忆演唱他们的选段。如果歌手的表演没有被记住，将被取消参赛资格)”可知，参赛者在参赛视频中必须要脱稿唱歌。故选C。
B
If you tried to give rock ‘n’ roll another name, you might have called it Chuck Berry. Chuck Berry was 29 years old in 1955. He’d been playing mostly blues and R8B standards in a St. Louis club for several years. But he had started writing his own songs, combining elements of white country music. On a Friday night in May, 1955, he drove up to Chicago to catch a show by the blues great Muddy Waters. After the performance, he casually asked him, “How do you get in touch with a record company?”
“Why don’t you go and see Leonard Chess on 47th?” Muddy Waters replied
So early Monday morning, Berry went to Chess Records and positioned himself in a store across the street. When Leonard Chess arrived, Berry ran over and made a pitch. Chess was impressed by the young man’s self-confidence and told him to come back with a tape of his own material, Berry returned the following week, bringing with him the other members of the club and four new songs.
“And we set the band up, and we played all four of them,” Berry said. “We don't know what they were saying, but they listened.”
Berry thought they were listening to “Wee Wee Hours”, a blues song. After all, Chess Records was known around Chicago as a blues label. But Leonard Chess was fascinated by "Ida Mae" that Berry had adapted from a traditional country tune called “Ida Red”.
Chess was sure the new song could be a hit, but he didn’t like the name. It was too rural (土气的).But nobody could think of a name. They looked around and saw a shoe box with “Maybellene” printed on it. Leonard Chess said, “Why don't we name it ‘Maybellene’?”
“Maybellene” quickly rose to No. l on the R&B chart. Two weeks later, it hit No. 5 on the all-important pop chart. In the years following “Maybellene”, Chuck Berry produced an astonishing string of hits, such as “Roll Over Beethoven” “School Days” and “Sweet Little Sixteen”
In 1972, Chuck Berry finally scored a number-one hit on the pop chart with an even more rural name: “My Ding-A-Ling”.
4. Why did Chuck Berry go to Chicago on the Friday night in May, 1955?
A. To sell his first record B. To find a record company.
C. To watch a performance. D. To interview Muddy Waters.
5. What does the underlined word “pitch” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Performance. B. Argument. C. Invitation. D. Self-introduction.
6. How did Leonard Chess get the name “Maybellene” for the song?
A. He accidently saw a shoe label. B. He was inspired by the sweet music.
C. It was recommended by an ad agency. D. It was the result of thorough research.
7. What can be inferred from the text?
A. “Wee Wee Hours” is a typical rock song
B. The name of a song is not so important.
C. “Ida Mae” is much better than “Ida Red”
D. “My Ding-A-Ling” is not good enough.
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲Chuck Berry怎样走上摇滚音乐创作的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第一段“On a Friday night in May, 1955, he drove up to Chicago to catch a show by the blues great Muddy Waters. (1955年5月的一个星期五晚上，他开车去芝加哥观看Muddy Waters乐队的演出。)”可知，他去观看一个演出。故选C项。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。由文章第三段“Chess was impressed by the young man’s self-confidence and told him to come back with a tape of his own material, Berry returned the following week, bringing with him the other members of the club and four new songs.(这位年轻人的自信给Chess留下了深刻的印象，并告诉他带着自己的材料回来。Berry第二周回来了，带来了俱乐部的其他成员和四首新歌。)”可知，前面应该Berry给Chess做了一个“自我介绍”。故选D项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。由文章倒数第三段“They looked around and saw a shoe box with “Maybellene” printed on it. Leonard Chess said, “Why don't we name it ‘Maybellene’?”(他们环顾四周，看到一个印有“Maybellene”字样的鞋盒。Leonard Chess说：“为什么我们不把它命名为‘Maybellene’？”)”可知，Leonard Chess通过一个鞋的品牌名字给他歌命名的。故选A项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。由文章倒数第三段“Chess was sure the new song could be a hit, but he didn’t like the name. It was too rural .But nobody could think of a name. They looked around and saw a shoe box with “Maybellene” printed on it. Leonard Chess said, “Why don't we name it ‘Maybellene’?”(Chess确信这首新歌会很受欢迎，但他不喜欢这个名字。太土了。但是没有人能想到一个名字。他们环顾四周，看到一个印有“Maybellene”字样的鞋盒。Leonard Chess说：“为什么我们不把它命名为‘Maybellene’？”)”以及最后一段“In 1972, Chuck Berry finally scored a number-one hit on the pop chart with an even more rural name: “My Ding-A-Ling”.(1972年，查克·贝里（ChuckBerry）终于凭借一个更具乡村气息的名字“我的丁阿玲”（MyDing-a-Ling）在流行音乐排行榜上获得了第一名。)”可知，Leonard Chess他们给歌取名字还是比较随意的，Maybellene这首歌最后还是很红，MyDing-a-Ling是很有乡村气息的名字但也是很出名，所以歌的名字不是很重要，最主要是内容。故选B项。
C
By now, you’ve likely heard of the metaverse(元宇宙).
Last month, Mark Zuckerberg sent everyone running to their dictionaries to figure out what he was talking about when he said Facebook was changing its name to Meta and declared the metaverse not only the future for his company,but the future for the Internet.
Actually, the word and concept aren’t new. Neal Stephenson made up the term in his 1991 science-fiction book Snow Crash, in which people use avatars(分身)to explore an online world. A number of small metaverses have since developed,where people can do many real life things—like working out,meeting with colleagues,or taking a class—but all online and through a pair of eyeglasses that costs around $ 3,500 and other more expensive equipment.
“They are virtual worlds where you feel like you’re inside a cool video game. But it’s so much more than a game because it’s like the Internet,where you’re socially connected and you can do almost anything in the metaverse,”said Jason Moore who teaches virtual art at Brooklyn College and spends a couple of hours in the metaverse every day. “There are currently a handful of mostly unconnected metaverse platforms,including VRChat,NeosVR,and my studio at the college.”
He hopes that cheaper equipment and faster Internet connections might put it within mainstream applications like tourism and provide us with the most powerful educational tool ever invented within a couple of years.
But Frances Haugen,a former Google’s designer,warns that metaverses could harm personal calculation skills and further divide societies as each user stays in their own virtual realities. She is also worried that they are likely to become more addictive than the current social media and rob people of more personal information.
8. Who invented the word and concept of metaverses?
A. Jason Moore. B. Frances Haugen.
C. Mark Zuckerberg. D. Neal Stephenson.
9. What can we most probably do in Jason Moore’s metaverse?
A. Take a class. B. Work out with friends.
C. Play video games. D. Tour around the world.
10. Which of the following can best describe Frances Haugen’s attitude to metaverses?
A. Positive. B. Disapproving. C. Unconcerned. D. Excited.
11. What is the suitable title for the text?
A. A Very Brief Introduction to the So-called Metaverses
B. The Advantages and Disadvantages of the Metaverses
C. Why Did Facebook Want to Change Its Name to Meta?
D. What Do Scientists and Experts Think of the Metaverses?
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. B 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。近来元宇宙着实火了。那么这到底是个什么东西呢？文章给我们进行了详细介绍。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Neal Stephenson made up the term in his 1991 science-fiction book Snow Crash(尼尔·斯蒂芬森在他1991年的科幻小说《雪崩》中创造了这个词)”可知，这个概念是由科幻作家Neal Stephenson首创的。故选D项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段““They are virtual worlds where you feel like you’re inside a cool video game. But it’s so much more than a game because it’s like the Internet,where you’re socially connected and you can do almost anything in the metaverse,”said Jason Moore who teaches virtual art at Brooklyn College and spends a couple of hours in the metaverse every day.(“它们是虚拟世界，让你感觉自己置身于一款很酷的电子游戏中。但它远不止是一款游戏，因为它就像互联网，你可以在社交网络上联系起来，你可以在元世界里做几乎任何事情，”在布鲁克林学院教授虚拟艺术的杰森·摩尔说，他每天都要在元世界里呆上几个小时)”可推知，我们可以在他的元宇宙工作室中上课。故选A项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段“But Frances Haugen,a former Google’s designer,warns that metaverses could harm personal calculation skills and further divide societies as each user stays in their own virtual realities. She is also worried that they are likely to become more addictive than the current social media and rob people of more personal information.(但谷歌的前设计师弗朗西丝·豪根警告说，元宇宙可能会损害个人计算能力，并进一步分化社会，因为每个用户都停留在自己的虚拟现实中。她还担心它们可能会比当前的社交媒体更容易让人上瘾，并剥夺人们更多的个人信息)”可知，她认为元宇宙会带来很多负面影响，所以她对元宇宙是持否定态度的。故选B项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。文章首先介绍了元宇宙的概念是由谁提出来的，接下来通过行内人士解释了元宇宙的现状及可能存在的问题，所以A选项“关于所谓的元宇宙的简介”很适合作本文的标题。故选A项。
D
Last year, more than 130 million tons of single-use plastics were thrown away. Now, a new report finds that just 20 companies produced more than half of all single-use plastic waste worldwide.
The report, published Tuesday by Australia’s Mindoro Foundation, offers one of the fullest accounting of the companies behind the production of single-use plastics that researchers believe could account for as much as 10% of global greenhouse emissions by 2050. The study has further identified 20 companies as the source of 55% of the world’s single-use plastic waste in 2020, while the top 100 companies account for more than 90%.
The report also has studied the money invested (投资) in the production of single-use plastics. It finds that 20 biggest investors hold shares worth close to $ 300 billion in the single-use plastic producers. The top three investors are US-based Vanguard Group, Black Rock and Capital Group, which according to the report have an estimated $ 6 billion invested in the production of single-use plastics.
Since most plastic is made from oil and gas, the production and consumption of plastic is becoming a significant driver of the climate crisis. The report warns that in the next five years, the global capacity to produce the materials needed for single-use plastics could grow by more than 30%. And much of the resulting single-use plastic waste will end up as pollution in developing countries with poor plastic waste management systems, according to the report.
Solving the issue will require serious changes from producers, investors and banks, the authors write. The report says that producers of polymers—known as the building blocks of plastics—should begin disclosing their single-use plastic waste “footprint”, while banks and investors should entirely stop their financing, in stages, that goes toward the production of single-use plastics. In addition, search for more environment-friendly materials should be encouraged.
12. How much single-use plastic waste was produced by the top 20 companies in 2020?
A. About 13 million tons. B. About 65 million tons.
C. About 71.5 million tons. D. About 117 million tons.
13. Where are the top three investors from?
A. China. B. The UK. C. Australia. D. The US.
14. What does the fourth paragraph focus on?
A. The causes of the global warming.
B. The potential harmful effects of plastic.
C. The materials used to produce plastic.
D. The fast growth of the plastic waste.
15. Which measure is mentioned to reduce the plastic waste?
A. Plastic producers should pay for the waste.
B Plastic waste can be exported to poor countries.
C. The production of single-use plastics should be stopped now.
D. More efforts are needed to replace plastics with other materials.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. B 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要分析了一次性塑料的主要生产者、投资方、环境危害并提出了相应的处置策略。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“Last year, more than 130 million tons of single-use plastics were thrown away.(去年，超过1.3亿吨一次性塑料被丢弃)”和第二段的“The study has further identified 20 companies as the source of 55% of the world’s single-use plastic waste in 2020, while the top 100 companies account for more than 90%.(该研究进一步确定了20家公司是2020年全球55%一次性塑料垃圾的来源，而排名前100的公司占90%以上)”可知，去年超过1.3亿吨一次性塑料被丢弃，而排名前20的占了55%，即约71.5（130*55%）万吨。故选C.
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“The top three investors are US-based Vanguard Group, Black Rock and Capital Group(排名前三的投资者是总部位于美国的Vanguard Group、Black Rock和Capital Group)”可知，一次性塑料的投资者主要来自美国。故选D。
【14题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段“Since most plastic is made from oil and gas, the production and consumption of plastic is becoming a significant driver of the climate crisis. The report warns that in the next five years, the global capacity to produce the materials needed for single-use plastics could grow by more than 30%. And much of the resulting single-use plastic waste will end up as pollution in developing countries with poor plastic waste management systems, according to the report.(由于大多数塑料是由石油和天然气制成的，塑料的生产和消费正成为气候危机的重要驱动因素。报告警告说，在未来五年，全球生产一次性塑料所需材料的生产能力可能会增长30%以上。报告称，由此产生的一次性塑料废物中的大部分将在塑料废物管理系统较差的发展中国家最终成为污染)”可知，该段重在分析一次性塑料垃圾可能对气候变化产生的影响及对环境可能带来的危害。故选B。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的“In addition, search for more environment-friendly materials should be encouraged.(此外，应鼓励寻找更环保的材料)”可知，文中提到的减少塑料浪费的策略是加大力度寻找可替代材料。故选D。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Digital citizenship can be defined as thinking critically, behaving safely, and participating responsibly in the digital world. Today, we will look at how teachers can support good digital citizenship through safe,kind and healthy use of social media.
___16___. How does it make them feel? Do the young people want to change anything about the way they interact with others online?
Next, explain such problems as cyberbullying (网络欺凌) and hate speech.___17___. They should also know how to deal with them. In addition, teachers should let students know that they are available to help when they face these online problems.
Use social media to stay in touch. Teachers should choose a social media their students often use. Teachers can limit posts or messages to once or twice per class period. ___18___, so one person’s question can be shared by others. But teachers have to make sure they do not help one student without giving the same information to the other students.
Teachers need to set time limits for using social media with students. Teachers could say they will only answer questions until nine at nighton school nights, for example.___19___.
Part of digital citizenship is related to privacy. When sharing something done in class, teachers must remember to post pictures of students’ work but not of the students themselves. ___20___.
Social media is an increasingly important part of students’ lives. With the guidance of teachers, young people can learn to become good digital citizens.
A. Forbid students spreading hate speech online
B. This is done to protect the online privacy of students
C. Students should provide the necessary information to teachers
D. Young people need to recognize the differences among these issues
E. They have to let students know that teachers need to stay offline, too
F. Teachers can begin by talking with students about how they use social media
G. Another idea is to encourage students to ask questions on the shared social media
【答案】16. F 17. D 18. G 19. E 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是篇议论文。文章主要讲述了教师应该教给学生如何安全、友好和健康地使用社交媒体，以成为良好的数字公民。
【16题详解】
第一段最后一句“we will look at how teachers can support good digital citizenship through safe,kind and healthy use of social media.”提到教师是如何通过安全、友好、健康使用社交媒体来支持良好的数字公民，选项F（老师可以从和学生谈论他们如何使用社交媒体开始）提到教师可以从谈论如何使用社交媒体开始，语意承接上文；第三段首句“Next, explain such problems as cyberbullying (网络欺凌) and hate speech”（接下来，解释诸如网络欺凌和仇恨言论等问题）指的是第二步应该怎样做，与F中的“ begin ”衔接合理，都是指的教师的做法；所以选项F承上启下。故选F。
【17题详解】
上一句“Next, explain such problems as cyberbullying (网络欺凌) and hate speech.”中提到了“such problems”，选项D中的“these issues”与其相对应，意思相同；选项D（年轻人需要认识到这些问题之间的差异）中提到了“Young people”需要认识到这些问题的差异，下一句“They should also know how to deal with them.”（他们还应该知道如何处理这些问题。）中的“They”与其衔接，都是指年轻人，且句意具有连续性；所以选项D承上启下。故选D。
【18题详解】
下一句“so one person’s question can be shared by others. ”（所以一个人的问题可以被其他人分享。）提到了“one person’s question”，与选项G中的“encourage students to ask questions”相对应；同时，下一句中的“can be shared”也与G中的“on the shared social media”衔接合理；结合上一句“Teachers can limit posts or messages to once or twice per class period. ”提到了教师可以怎样做，选项G提出了教师的另一个做法，语意连贯。故选G。
【19题详解】
根据第五段主题句“Teachers need to set time limits for using social media with students.”（教师需要为和学生一起使用社交媒体设定时间限制。）可知，本段主要讲述教师必须对在社交媒体上的师生互动时间设限，即教师不可能24小时在线；结合第二句“Teachers could say they will only answer questions until nine at nighton school nights,for example.”（例如，老师们可以说，在学校的晚上，他们只回答问题到九点。），举例说明了教师不可能随时在线；选项E提到“他们必须让学生知道，老师也需要有离线时间”与本段意思相符，衔接合理。故选E。
【20题详解】
根据第六段主题句“Part of digital citizenship is related to privacy.”（数字公民身份的一部分与隐私有关。）可知，本段主要讲述保护隐私，选项B中提到“privacy”，与其相对应；结合第二句“When sharing something done in class, teachers must remember to post pictures of students’ work but not of the students themselves. ”（教师应该在社交媒体上发布学生的作品照片，而不是学生本人的照片），与选项B提到的“这样做是为了保护学生的网络隐私”语意衔接合理，符合本段主题。故选B。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
At 7:00 am on July 26, I found myself sheltering under a large rock with “strangers” telling jokes as it rained heavily with thunder. I was approaching the end to the journey that led me here, one hike (徒步旅行) that had___21___five months earlier at Amicalola Falls State Park in Georgia.
My___22___had taken me through 14 states along the Appalachian Mountain range, over endless mountains and forests, and through it all, various___23___seemed endless too. ___24___, I received random kindness along the way to pull me through.
I started the hike without a partner, but I didn’t travel___25___. Ride-offering “angels”, helpful repairmen and other___26___strangers formed a vast network that kept my hike going on.
On Day 5 of my hike, trembling in the cold February dusk, I rolled up to a shelter in Georgia and was___27___by other hikers, among whom a girl about my age cheerfully introduced herself as “Skippy”. Over the miles to come, together with these new___28___, I felt motivated to___29___my hike.
After the first mountains of Virginia had fallen behind us at 500 miles, the challenge of the hike became ____30____, as 1,700 miles of the same view-less climbs stretched on. Overcoming boredom____31____the real hikers from the quitters. I managed to____32____as those new friends kept me entertained and inspired.
When the____33____stopped, my fellow hikers and I pressed on and up. Softly, the clouds slipped away to____34____the final half-mile to the summit(顶点). When I finally made it to the ____35____, I gave Skippy a hug.
21. A. disappeared B. begun C. changed D. failed
22. A. joke B. habit C. journey D. life
23. A. challenges B. performances C. experiences D. meetings
24. A. Suddenly B. Unfortunately C. Regularly D. Thankfully
25. A. asleep B. alone C. awake D. alive
26. A. modest B. supportive C. helpless D. honest
27. A. educated B. overlooked C. welcomed D. defeated
28. A. companions B. competitors C. examiners D. servants
29. A. delay B. cancel C. continue D. record
30 A. physical B. distant C. ambiguous D. mental
31. A. removed B. protected C. benefited D. separated
32. A. hold on B. give in C. break down D. get away
33. A. earthquake B. ceremony C. storm D. exhibition
34. A. make way for B. take notice of C. look forward to D. catch up with
35. A. bottom B. top C. side D. edge
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在为期5个月的长途徒步旅行中得到陌生人的帮助和支持，这些陌生人的善意支撑作者顺利完成了艰难的旅行。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：五个月前，我在格鲁吉亚的亚米卡洛拉瀑布州立公园开始了一次徒步旅行。A. disappeared出现；B. begun开始；C. changed改变；D. failed失败。根据上文“At 7 a.m. on July 26, I found myself in northern Maine, hiding under a large rock with “strangers” telling jokes as it rained heavily.”可推断，这个旅程早在五个月前就开始了。 故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的旅程让我徒步穿越了阿巴拉契亚山脉沿线的14个州，穿越了无边无际的山脉和森林，经历了这一切，各种挑战似乎也无穷无尽。A. joke笑话；B. habit习惯；C. journey旅程；D. life生活。根据上文“the end to the journey that led me here.”可知，作者讲述自己的旅程。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的旅程让我徒步穿越了阿巴拉契亚山脉沿线的14个州，穿越了无边无际的山脉和森林，经历了这一切，各种挑战似乎也无穷无尽。A. challenges挑战；B. performances表演；C. experiences经历；D. meetings会议。根据上文“had taken me on foot through 14 states along the Appalachian Mountain range, over endless mountains and forests”可推断，作者的旅程要克服很多挑战。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：值得感激地是，一路上我收到了各种各样的善意帮助我度过难关。A. Suddenly突然地；B. Unfortunately不幸地；C. Regularly经常地；D. Thankfully感激地。根据上文“had taken me on foot through 14 states along the Appalachian Mountain range, over endless mountains and forests”以及后文“I received random kindness along the way to pull me through. ”可知，旅程艰难，但作者得到各种帮助，内心充满感激。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我开始徒步旅行时没有同伴，但我不是独自旅行。A. asleep睡着地；B. alone独自；C. awake醒着地；D. alive活着的。根据“Ride-offering “angels”, helpful repairmen and other　　6　　strangers formed a vast network that kept my hike going on.”可知，作者不是独自一人旅行。 故选B。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：提供骑行服务的“天使”、乐于助人的修理工和其他支持我的陌生人组成了一个庞大的网络，让我的徒步旅行继续进行。A. modest谦虚的；B. supportive支持的；C. helpless没有帮助的；D. honest诚实的。根据“Ride-offering “angels”, helpful repairmen”可知，这些是可以提供支持的陌生人。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：徒步旅行的第五天，我在寒冷的二月黄昏中瑟瑟发抖，来到格鲁吉亚的一个庇护所，受到了其他徒步者的欢迎，其中有一个和我年龄相仿，自称“Skippy”的女孩。A. educated教育；B. overlooked忽视；C. welcomed欢迎；D. defeated击败。根据上文“I received random kindness along the way to pull me through. ”以及“I rolled up to a shelter in Georgia”可推断，作者受到欢迎。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的旅程中，因为和这些新伙伴一起，我有动力继续我的徒步旅行。A. companions同伴；B. competitors竞争者；C. examiners主考人；D. servants仆人。根据上文“formed a vast network that kept my hike going on.”和“among whom a girl about my age cheerfully introduced herself as “Skippy”.”可知，他们都是作者的同伴。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. delay推迟；B. cancel取消；C. continue继续；D. record记录。根据“I felt motivated”可知，作者受到鼓舞，继续旅程。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我们前行距弗吉尼亚州的第一座山500英里处之后，这条路最具挑战性的地形逐渐变成了精神上的挑战，因为1700英里的看不见的攀登一直延伸着。A. physical物质的，身体的；B. distant遥远的；C. ambiguous不明确的；D. mental心理的，精神上的。根据后文“as 1,700 miles of the same viewless climbs stretched on”可知，这条路最具挑战性的地形逐渐变成了精神上的挑战。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：克服无聊可区分真正的徒步旅行者和半途而废者。A. removed去除；B. protected保护；C. benefited受益；D. separated分离。根据“the real hikers from the quitters”推知，长距离的徒步会面临疲乏，有的人会中途放弃。因此，克服疲乏能够把真正的徒步者与中途放弃者区分开来。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：那些新朋友给了我快乐和鼓舞，我设法坚持了下来A. hold on坚持；B. give in屈服；C. break down出故障，崩溃；D. get away离开，脱身。根据“as those new friends kept me entertained and inspired.”可知，在新朋友的陪伴和鼓励下，作者设法坚持了下来。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：暴风雨停了以后，我和我的徒步同伴们继续往前走。A. earthquake地震；B. ceremony仪式；C. storm暴风雨；D. exhibition展览。根据后文 “the clouds slipped away”可知，“暴风雨”符合语境。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：云层轻轻地溜走，露出了距离山顶最后半英里的地方。A. make way for给……让路；B. take notice of注意到；C. look forward to期待；D. catch up with追上。根据前文 “the clouds slipped away”可知，云层散去，让路给通往山顶的最后半英里，即最后半英里路显现了出来。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我最终成功到达山顶时，我拥抱了Skippy。A. bottom底部；B. top顶部；C. side侧面；D. edge边缘。根据上文“the final half-mile to the summit”可知，到达山顶时作者拥抱了Skippy。故选B。

第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.
Dogs may be man’s best friends, but let’s not forget that a faithful fetching stick is a dog’s another best friend if you don’t have a tennis ball at hand.
So when Andrew Taylor noticed that there___36___(be) a lack of good sticks at his local park, he___37___ (immediate) determined to take matters into his own hands.
The 59-year-old dad___38___had been chopping (砍) off extra branches from some trees in his yard made a decision___39___(build) a “Stick Library” for all the local dogs.
After___40___ (turn) the branches into several dozen conveniently-sized___41___(piece), he put them into a hand-crafted box___42___the words “Stick Library: Please Return” and brought it to the park.
Since Taylor and his daughter hosted a small neighborhood inauguration (开幕) party for the Stick Library, more than 50 dogs and their owners___43___ (enjoy) a game of fetch with the sticks.
“As people started to arrive, there was a___44___(disbelieve) of how simple the idea was, but it’s one of those ideas no one had thought of,” said Taylor’s daughter Tayla Reece. “All the dog owners appreciate____45____, as they all have experienced the ‘good stick search’, which isn’t always fruitful. It’s an idea that just makes sense to them.”
【答案】36. was
37. immediately
38. who##that
39. to build
40. turning
41. pieces 42. with
43. have enjoyed##have been enjoying
44 disbelief
45. it
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。一位59岁的男士制作了“狗狗抓取棒图书馆”，狗主人可以从这里免费借用抓取棒。这一举措解决了很多狗主人寻找抓取棒的难题。
【36题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：因此，当安德鲁·泰勒注意到当地公园缺乏好的棍子时，他立即决定亲自处理问题。“there be+主语”句型，根据主句的谓语noticed可知，此处是指过去的情况，故用一般过去时，又因为主语是a lack of good sticks，谓语单数形式。故填was。
【37题详解】
考查副词。句意：因此，当安德鲁·泰勒注意到当地公园缺乏好的棍子时，他立即决定亲自处理问题。副词immediately作状语，修饰动词determined。故填immediately。
【38题详解】
考查定语从句关系词。句意：这位59岁的父亲曾在自家院子里砍树上多余的树枝，他决定为当地所有的狗建立一个“抓取棒图书馆”。该空引导的是一个限制性定语从句，先行词是The 59-yearold dad，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，用关系代词who/that。故填who/that。
【39题详解】
考查不定式。句意：这位59岁的父亲曾在自家院子里砍树上多余的树枝，他决定为当地所有的狗建立一个“抓取棒图书馆”。固定搭配make a decision to do sth. (决定做某事)，build用不定式形式。故填to build。
【40题详解】
考查动名词。句意：在把树枝变成几十个大小合适的一段后，他把它们放进一个手工制作的盒子里，盒子上写着“Stick Library: Please Return”，然后把它带到了公园。介词After后用动名词形式作宾语，turn用动名词形式。故填turning。
【41题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：在把树枝变成几十个大小合适的一段后，他把它们放进一个手工制作的盒子里，盒子上写着“Stick Library: Please Return”，然后把它带到了公园。piece是可数名词，根据空前的修饰词several dozen可知，此处用所给名词的复数形式。故填pieces。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：在把树枝变成几十个大小合适的一段后，他把它们放进一个手工制作的盒子里，盒子上写着“Stick Library: Please Return”，然后把它带到了公园。此处意为“盒子上带有字”，故此处用介词with (具有)。故填with。
【43题详解】
考查时态。句意：自从泰勒和他的女儿为“抓取棒图书馆”举办了一个小型社区开幕派对以来，50多只狗和它们的主人一直在玩着用木棍来取东西的游戏。根据空前的从句“Since＋句子（时态是一般过去时）”可知，主句的谓语动词enjoy用现在完成时或现在完成进行时，主句主语more than 50 dogs and their owners复数，主语谓语也复数形式。故填have enjoyed/have been enjoying。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：泰勒的女儿Tayla Reece说：“当人们开始到来时，人们都不敢相信这个想法有多么简单，但这是没有人想到的想法之一。”根据空前的不定冠词a可知，此处用单数名词disbelief。故填disbelief。
【45题详解】
考查代词。句意：所有的狗主人都很感激这一想法，因为他们都经历过‘棒棒搜索’，但这并不总是有成效的。此处指代前面提到的 the idea，用代词 it。故填it。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，得知你的留学生朋友Allen寒假期间因故不能回国，想邀请他到你家共度春节。请你给他写封邮件，内容包括：
1.写信目的；
2.春节活动；
3.表达期待。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Allen,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Allen,
Knowing that you will have to stay in China instead of going home during the upcoming winter vacation, I’m writing to invite you to spend the Spring Festival with my family. I wonder if you could come to my house at 9:00 am,January 20.
The Spring Festival is the most distinctive traditional Chinese festival. We will put up various decorations to add the mood of celebration. We will also make dumplings and set off fireworks. Family members will gather to enjoy a reunion dinner.
My family are expecting your arrival with sincerity. I do hope you can join us.
Yours.
LiHua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给留学生朋友Allen写封邮件，邀请他到自己家共度春节，因为他寒假期间不能回国。内容包括：1.写信目的；2.春节活动；3.表达期待。
【详解】1.词汇积累
即将来到的：upcoming→coming/approaching
独特的：distinctive →unique
多种多样的：various →a variety of
真诚地：with sincerity→sincerely/genuinely
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：The Spring Festival is the most distinctive traditional Chinese festival.
拓展句：As is known to all,the Spring Festival is the most distinctive traditional Chinese festival.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Knowing that you will have to stay in China instead of going home during the upcoming winter vacation, I’m writing to invite you to spend the Spring Festival with my family.
（运用了现在分词作原因状语及that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】I wonder if you could come to my house at 9:00 am,January 20.（运用了if引导的宾语从句）
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Sally had been playing football all summer. She really enjoyed running after the black and white ball across the grassy field with the other players in her bright orange uniform.
Before each game, they had a practice session. The coach showed her and her team how to pass the ball to each other and take shots at the goal. She was pretty good at passing the ball, but every time she got a chance to kick the ball to the goal, it would be stopped by a player from the other team or be caught by the goalkeeper. Now the football season was almost over and she still had not scored one single goal. She really felt discouraged and wondered if she should quit football and join a different club.
“After all, I am a girl. I was not born for such a rough game,” Sally told herself. “I will try another club.” She even daydreamed that she was a member of the hip hop club and she was dancing on stage in a big auditorium with thousands of people cheering for her. She also thought about joining a different sport, like jogging or cycling. Anyway,football would be her last choice.
“Don’t give up. No one is born for the game. Use your advantage,” the coach said after Sally told him her doubt during a break between the sessions. “Most important of all, believe yourself. You can do it.”
Sally was not totally convinced but she did want to have a try. When the break was over, the coach blew his whistle to start the game again. The two teams walked back onto the field, both determined to win. Sally bent down to tie up her shoes and repeated what the coach had said in her mind. “Use your advantage. Believe yourself. You can do it.”
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Sally stood up and took a deep breath.
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As the game was drawing to an end, the scores were in a tie.
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【答案】Sally stood up and took a deep breath. She tried to figure out what she was good at doing. Suddenly she knew what she could do and she headed to her position with confidence. Even if she didn’t get one goal all summer, she was sure that she could pass the ball better than most of the boys. That was something she was really proud of and it would her real strength.
As the game was drawing to an end, the scores were in a tie. Both teams were trying their best to get the ball close to the goals. No one paid too much attention to Sally who found a perfect position and waited there. At that very moment, the ball ran to her. She quickly took control of it and tried to get as close to the goal as possible. Focused on the ball, she kicked it as hard as she could. “Goal!” said the coach.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了萨莉是一名足球队队员，非常热爱足球，但是她一个球也没有进过，她有点泄气，教练鼓励她，回到赛场上，她决心再试一下。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“萨莉站起来深吸了一口气。”可知，第一段可描写萨莉给自己建立信心，找到自己的优势来鼓励自己。
②由第二段首句内容“比赛接近尾声时，比分打成平手。”可知，第二段可描写萨莉在比赛中终于找到了进球的机会以及她的反应。
2.续写线索：起身深吸气——给自己建立信心——比赛接近尾声——找到进球机会——萨莉控局专注进球
3.词汇激活
行为类
①意识到：know/realize/be aware
②发现：find/spot
③集中注意力于：focus on/concentrate on
情绪类
①充满信心：with confidence/with self-assurance
②以……自豪：be proud of/take pride in
【点睛】[高分句型1]. She tried to figure out what she was good at doing. (运用了what引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2]. No one paid too much attention to Sally who found a perfect position and waited there. (运用了who引导的限制性定语从句)
听力1～5 ACACB 6～10 CCBAB 11～15 BAACB 16～20 ACCAB