2022-2023学年新疆伊犁州伊宁联盟高三上学期段考英语试卷（12月份）（解析版）

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2022-2023学年新疆伊犁州伊宁联盟高三（上）段考英语试卷（12月份）
题号
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注意事项:
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第I卷（选择题）
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）
A
Rome can be pricey for travelers，which is why many choose to stay in a hostel （旅社）.The hostels in Rome offer a bed in a dorm room for around ﹩25 a night，and for that，you'll often get to stay in a central location with security and comfort.
If I had to make just one recommendation for where to stay in Rome，it would be Yellow Hostel.It's one of the best-rated hostels in the city，and for good reason.It's affordable，and it's got a fun atmosphere without being too noisy.As an added bonus，it's close to the main train station.

If you love social hostels，this is the best hostel for you in Rome.Hostel Alessandro Palace is fun.Staff members hold plenty of bar events for guests like free shots，bar crawls and karaoke.There's also an area on the rooftop for hanging out with other travelers during the summer.

If you're looking for cleanliness and a modern hostel，look no further than Youth Station.It offers beautiful furnishings and beds.There are plenty of other benefits，too：it doesn't charge city tax；it has both air conditioning and a heater for the rooms；it also has free Wi-Fi in every room.

Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes is located just a 10-minute walk from the central city station and it's close to all of the city's main attractions.The staff is friendly and helpful，providing you with a map of the city when you arrive，and offering advice if you require some.However，you need to pay 2 euros a day for Wi-Fi.
1. What is probably the major concern of travelers who choose to stay in a hostel？ ______
A. Comfort. B. Security. C. Price. D. Location.
2. Which hostel best suits people who enjoy an active social life？ ______
A. Yellow Hostel. B. Hostel Alessandro Palace.
C. Youth Station Hostel. D. Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes.
3. What is the disadvantage of Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes？ ______
A. It gets noisy at night. B. Its staff is too talkative.
C. It charges for Wi-Fi. D. It's inconveniently located.
B
As more and more forest is cleared around the world，scientists fear that the next deadly pandemic（流行病） could emerge from what lives within them.
In 1997，clouds of smoke hung over the rainforests of Indonesia as an area roughly the size of Pennsylvania was burned to make way for agriculture，making the fires worse by drought.Owing to the haze，the trees couldn't produce fruit，leaving resident fruit bats with no other option than to fly elsewhere in search of food，carrying with them a deadly disease.
Not long after the bats settled on trees in Malaysian orchards，pigs around them started to fall sick—probably after eating fallen fruit the bats had already eaten—as did local pig farmers.By 1999，265 people had developed a severe brain inflammation，and 105 had died.It was the first known appearance of Nipah virus in people，which has since caused a string of recurrent （反复的，复发的）outbreaks across Southeast Asia.
Over the past two decades，a growing body of scientific evidence suggests that deforestation creates the conditions for a range of deadly pathogens（病原体）—such as Nipah and Lassa viruses—to spread to people.
As widespread burning continues today in tropical forests in the Amazon，and some parts of Africa and Southeast Asia，experts have expressed concern about the health of people living at the border of deforestation.They're also afraid that the next serious pandemic could emerge from our world's forests.
"It's pretty well established that deforestation can be a strong driver of infectious disease，" says Andy MacDonald，a disease ecologist at the Earth Research Institute of the University of California，Santa Barbara. "The more we lower and clear forest habitats，the more likely it is that we're going to find ourselves in these situations where pandemics of infectious diseases occur."
4. The Indonesians burned the rainforests in order for ______ .
A. firewood B. catching bats
C. planting fruit trees D. farm land
5. Which is the right order of affected creatures？ ______
A. bats→ pigs → people B. pigs→ bats → pig farmers
C. people→bats → pigs D. pig farmers → pigs → bats
6. The word "deforestation" in paragraph four probably mean ______ .
A. 湿地 B. 毁林 C. 果园 D. 养猪场
7. Why do experts worry about the people around the ruined forests？ ______
A. Because the ruined forests may have sick people.
B. Because the ruined forests may have pathogens.
C. Because there are too many bats there.
D. Because the ruined forests are dirty.
C
A Multitasking
People who multitask all the time may be the worst at doing two things at once，a new research suggests．The findings，based on performances and self-evaluations by about 275 college students，indicate that many multitask not out of a desire to increase productivity，but because they are easily distracted （分心） and can't focus on one activity．And"those people turn out to be the worst at handling different things，"said David Sanbonmatsu，a psychologist at the University of Utah．
Sanbonmatsu and his colleagues gave the students a set of tests and asked them to report how often they multitasked，how good they thought they were at it，and how sensation-seeking （寻求刺激） or imperative （冲动） they were．They then that required the students to do simple mathematical calculations while remembering a set of letters．
Not surprisingly，the scientists said，most people thought they were better than average at multitasking，and those who thought they were better at it were more likely to report using a cellphone while driving or viewing multiple kinds of media at once．But those who frequently deal with many things at the same time were found to perform the worst at the actual multitasking test．They also were more likely to admit to sensation-seeking and impulsive behavior，which connects with how easily people get bored and distracted．
"People multitask not because it's going to lead to greater productivity，but because they're distractible，and they get sucked into things that are not as important．"Sanbonmatsu said．
Adam Gazzaley，a researcher at the University of California，San Francisco，who was not a member of the research group，said one limitation of the study was that it couldn't find out whether people who start out less focused toward multitasking or whether people's recognizing and understanding abilities change as a result of multitasking．
The findings do suggest，however，why the sensation-seeker who multitask the most may enjoy risky distracted driving．"People who are multitasking are generally less sensitive to risky situations．"said Paul Atchley，another researcher not in the group．"This may partly explain why people go in for these situations even though they're dangerous．"
8. The research led by Sanbonmatsu indicates that people who multitask ______ .
A. seek high productivity constantly（连续不断）
B. prefer handling different things when getting bored
C. are more focused when doing many things at a time
D. have the poorest results in doing various things at the same time
9. When Sanbonmatsu and his colleagues conducted their research，they ______ .
A. assessed（评价） the multitasking ability of the students
B. evaluated （评价）the academic achievements of the students
C. analyzed the effects of the participants'tricky mental tasks
D. measured the changes of the students'understanding ability
10. According to Sanbonmatsu，people multitask because of their ______ .
A. limited power in calculation
B. interests in doing things differently
C. inability to concentrate on one task
D. impulsive desire to try new things
11. From the last paragraph，we can learn that multitaskers usually ______ .
A. drive very skillfully
B. go in for different tasks
C. fail to react quickly to potential dangers
D. refuse to explain the reasons for their behavior.
D
Fuel prices can be expensive and new research has highlighted owners of these popular cars are making massive savings on petrol costs.Fuel economy is worked out by estimating how much it would cost to fill a tank and then divide that by each mile a car can travel.This differs to vehicles who can travel further on one tank of fuel as although these have good fuel-efficiency and can go longer distances，fuel tanks（燃油箱） may be larger and more expensive to top-up.
Choose My Car research found two Toyota models topped the list for the best fuel economy with an average spend of just 10 p per mile.
The Japanese firm's Aygo model was deemed the cheapest car to run with an average cost of 10.55 pence per litre.The Toyota Yaris finished second place with an average spend per mile of 10.60 p as Citroen's C3 model recorded an average spend of 10.64 p.Peugeot's 208 model was also revealed to be cheap to run，boasting an average fuel price of 10.90 p per mile driven.
Other popular road cars to make the list include Volkswagen's Golf and Polo designs，the Seat Leon and the Audi A3.Choose My Car found the Land Rover Range Rover was the most expensive vehicle to run with an average spend of 23.02 p per litre.
The vehicle has an average miles per gallon ratio of 25.2 meaning the car has only managed 5.54 miles per litre of fuel in the tank.However，the Range Rover was considered one of the vehicles which could travel furthest on one tank of fuel with an estimated range of 582 miles.Land Rover's Discovery model was also expensive with an average spend per mile of 20.72 pence.Toyota's C-HR saw an average cost of 16.21 pence per mile as the popular Ford Kuga and Kia Sportage saw average fuel prices exceed 15 p per litre.
12. Why are many car owners making massive savings on petrol costs？ ______
A. Because fuel is expensive.
B. Because the car is expensive.
C. Because the owner has no money.
D. Because the car cost much money to maintain.
13. How do you calculate fuel economy？ ______
A. Estimating how much each mile a car.
B. Estimating how many miles each car can travel.
C. Estimating how much it would cost to fill a tank.
D. Estimating how much to fill a tank and divide that by each mile a car travel.
14. Which car is the best fuel economy？ ______
A. Aygo model. B. Toyota model. C. Toyota Yaris. D. Ford Kuga.
15. According to the passage，which car will John buy if he always goes farther？ ______
A. Aygo model. B. Toyota model. C. Range Rover. D. Ford Kuga.

二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）
Mondays are kind of annoying. (1) A recent survey says that most people get the prework "Sunday blues".Starting your Monday feeling sad，anxious and unorganized is hardly the way to kick off a healthy week.
The solution？Set aside a little time on Sunday to purposefully prepare yourself for the five days ahead，suggests women's health expert Marsha Hudnall. (2)
Do some meal preparations.
Figuring out what to have for dinner on weeknights can be surprisingly stressful.Stretching out a menu plan on Sunday and swinging by the grocery store for ingredients will help you eat well.Go a step further by chopping and cooking vegetables and a protein （like a roast chicken or scrambled eggs）. (3) Or finally attempt a different diet you've been meaning to try.For easy dinner planning，just order，and you'll have a week's worth of raw materials for delicious and healthy meals.
Start a Sunday stress-relief habit.
"To be healthy，we have to take care of body and mind，"says Hudnall.Stress has a major impact on health and our ability to concentrate. (4) Four ideas to try：a guided meditation with the help of an app；forest bathing—a practice known as shinrinyoku in Japan，which basically means taking a long walk or hike in a wooded area；gentle exercise like yoga；or time cuddling and playing with your pet.
(5) Why not prepare your favorite clothes for Monday？Studies show that what you wear can have a significant effect on your mood.So make Monday the day you wear your favorite clothes or show the latest addition to your wardrobe （衣橱）.It's also a good idea to get some nice coffee or music ready，which will give you something to look forward to on your Monday commute.

A.Give yourself something to look forward to on Monday.
B.Then all you have to do is heat when you come home from work.
C.Even Sunday afternoons turn sour as we think of the workweek ahead.
D.Therefore，starting a Sunday stress-relieving habit can begin a week feeling strong and focused.
E.Try creating a relaxing and winding down Sunday night so that you can recharge and get ready for Monday.
F.Taking on just a few of these simple tips every Sunday will help you launch a productive，less stressful week.
G.Waiting until the last moment to do weekend chores like paying bills or doing laundry can leave you anxious and stressed on Sunday.
16.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G

三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）
I have written a poem called Flying Kites，in which a man (21) his son to fly a kite.After a few minutes，the child (22) drops the string and lets the kite soar（高飞）．With joy in his eyes，he watches it climb until it disappears (23).The father realizes that (24) he'll have to loosen the tie that binds（绑）him to his son.And he (25)， "Will I release the string as unselfishly as that？"
Many years later my son，Gary，(26) he wouldn't finish his college career.I tried to talk him out of it.But none of my reasoning made any (27).At the end of the semester Gary moved back home.
Gary managed to find a(28) at a nursery and went at it with usual enthusiasm.I，(29)， was deeply disappointed.What was a college professor's(30) doing at a job that any high school dropout could perform？Then I tried to(31)him."Look，"I said，"in a few years you'll be at your high school reunion with(32) classmates who became doctors，lawyers，and engineers.Do you think you'll be able to(33) that？"
"Yes，Dad，"he replied without(34).Then he fixed his eyes on mine and said，"But the real question is：Can you？"
Shame suddenly(35) me.I wasn't thinking about my son；I was thinking about myself and what my friends would think.The problem wasn't Gary's pride；it was mine.All at once I remembered my(36) and the question it asks"Will I release the(37) as unselfishly as that？"At that moment I knew I had to let go.Gary was(38) enough to make his own choices.
Today Gary has a successful career working for the city.I am very(39) of who he has become. (40) I let go of my pride，I've been able to sit back and enjoy watching him soar.
21.  A. orders B. instructs C. advises D. allows
22.  A. suddenly B. actually C. properly D. sadly
23.  A. in a row B. in a way C. in no time D. in the distance
24.  A. abruptly B. eventually C. absolutely D. apparently
25.  A. responds B. guesses C. wonders D. hesitates
26.  A. believed B. explained C. regretted D. announced
27.  A. progress B. decision C. effort D. difference
28.  A. ball B. job C. kite D. toy
29.  A. therefore B. besides C. however D. otherwise
30.  A. daughter B. nephew C. son D. cousin
31.  A. support B. accept C. control D. persuade
32.  A. honest B. ordinary C. latter D. former
33.  A. prevent B. forget C. handle D. admit
34.  A. hesitation B. commitment C. permission D. comment
35.  A. deserted B. silenced C. ignored D. angered
36.  A. essay B. article C. poem D. passage
37.  A. secret B. string C. dog D. news
38.  A. old B. honest C. lucky D. cute
39.  A. guilty B. tired C. afraid D. proud
40.  A. Since B. When C. Although D. Unless
第II卷（非选择题）
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
41. "Nothing can make our lives，or the lives of other people，more (1) （please） than kindness." I remembered the sentence again after practicing a small act.
Just inside the entrance of a building today I saw a woman (2) （seat） in a wheelchair in front of me.Not (3) a hurry，I didn't want to disturb her so I stayed behind.She asked me to push the button for the lift after being aware of my (4) （present）.Walking by her to the lift，I pressed the button and the lift came immediately.She asked me to hold the lift as it would take her some time (5) （walk） that short distance.
I was more than glad to do this，but panic (6) （rise） inside me at the same time.The "open" and "close" symbols on many lifts often don't have the (7) （word） "open" and "close" and I often press the wrong button. (8) （thankful） besides the symbol，it also said open，so I was able to press the correct button and told her to take her time getting on.I didn't press the close button (9) she steadied herself in the lift.
She thanked me and I wished her a blessed day.As (10) matter of fact，the process took me only five minutes but I felt warm inside afterwards.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、短文改错（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）
42. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Recently,a famous basketball player has caused public angry by writing on the Great Wall.In the fact,this happens in many place of interest.I had some suggestions to solve this problem.
First,make more posters to inform the public the damage of graffiti （涂鸦）.Besides,punishments,such as a fine,is necessary to tourists with so bad behavior.Also,I think it's helpfully to put up some boards along the tourist attractions that tourists can leave messages.
I'm sure with our efforts,more and more people will become concerning about protecting cultural relics.
六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）
43. 假定你是李华，上周末你成功组织了一场英语晚会。请给你的美国朋友Jack写一封电子邮件分享你的喜悦，内容包括：
（1）活动目的；
（2）组织过程；
（3）个人感受。
答案和解析

1~3.【答案】C、B、C
【解析】（1）C.细节理解题。根据第一段第一句Rome can be pricey for travelers，which is why many choose to stay in a hostel（旅社）.对旅行者来说，罗马可能很昂贵，这就是许多人选择住旅社的原因。可知，旅游的人选择住旅社是因为价格原因。结合选项：A.Comfort.舒适；B.Security.安全；C.Price.价格；D.Location.位置。故选C。
（2）B.细节理解题。根据原文Hostel Alessandro Palace中的If you love social hostels，this is the best hostel for you in Rome.Hostel Alessandro Palace is fun.Staff members hold plenty of bar events for guests like free shots，bar crawls and karaoke.There's also an area on the rooftop for hanging out with other travelers during the summer.如果你喜欢社交旅馆，这是罗马最适合你的旅馆。旅舍亚历山德罗宫是有趣的。工作人员为客人举办大量的酒吧活动，如免费酒水，酒吧爬和卡拉OK。屋顶上还有一个区域，夏天可以和其他游客一起出去玩。可知，在这个旅馆会有大量的社交活动，因此适合热衷社交的旅客。故选B。
（3）C.细节理解题。根据Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes中的However，you need to pay 2 euros a day for Wi-Fi.但是，你需要支付2欧元/天的Wi-Fi费用。可知，这个酒店需要付费才能上网。结合选项：A.It gets noisy at night"    晚上会很吵"；B.Its staff is too talkative"    它的职员太健谈了"；C.It charges for Wi-Fi"   对Wi-Fi收费"；D.It's inconveniently located"  它的位置不方便"。故选C。
这是一篇广告。文章介绍了旅游城市罗马几个热门的酒店，它们有不同的风格，供您选择。
阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。

4~7.【答案】D、A、B、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段In 1997，clouds of smoke hung over the rainforests of Indonesia as an area roughly the size of Pennsylvania was burned to make way for agriculture，making the fires worse by drought.（1997年，印度尼西亚的热带雨林面积相当于宾夕法尼亚州，为农业用地而被烧毁，烟雾缭绕，干旱加剧了火势。）可知印度尼西亚人民烧毁森林是为了获取农业用地，故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段第三段可知，生活在森林的蝙蝠由于森林的破坏，不得不迁徙，因它携带了致命的疾病，会影响迁入地的猪，紧接着养猪户，所以A正确。故选A。
（3）词义猜测题。根据第二段In 1997，clouds of smoke hung over the rainforests of Indonesia...carrying with them a deadly disease（997年，印度尼西亚的热带雨林上空笼罩着烟雾。带着致命的疾病）烧毁森林导致了携带了致命疾病的蝙蝠飞往别处，判断deforestation为毁林，故选B。
（4）推理判断题  根据最后一段It's pretty well established that deforestation can be a strong driver of infectious disease（众所周知，森林砍伐是传染病的主要诱因）可知，毁林可能是传染病的一大诱因，即可能有病原体，故选B。
本文为一篇说明文，说明了森林的破坏会导致致命的疾病，呼吁大家珍惜森林。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

8~11.【答案】D、A、C、C
【解析】21．D   细节理解题．根据第一段第一句话"People who multitask all the time may be the worst at doing two things at once"可知，一心多用，往往会把事情做得更糟糕．故选D．
22．A   细节理解题．根据第二段最后一句话"They then evaluated the participants'multitasking ability with a tricky mental task that required the students to do simple mathematical calculations while remembering a set of letters．"可知，然后他们要这些学生一面做一些数学运算，一面记忆一组字母，用这个很刁难的方法来测试这些学生一心多用的能力．和A项意思一致，故选A．
23．C   细节理解题．根据第一段第二句的"but because they are easily distracted （分心） and can't focus on on activity．"可知，许多人一心多用，并不是因为他们想要增强工作生产量，而是因为他们很容易分心或是不能专注于做一件事．故选C．
24．C   推理判断题．由最后一段的"People who are multitasking are generally less sensitive to risky situations．"一心多用的人一般对危险的情形不太敏感．可知，对危险的事情，一心多用者往往对潜在的危险不能迅速判断．故选C．
中国有句古语云：一心不可二用．而最近的一项研究就表明．那些经常一心多用的人往往就是同时做两件事做的最糟糕的人．正是因为不能专注于一件事，才会同时多做几件事，结果可想而知．
解答细节理解题时，一个常用的方法就是运用定位法，即根据题干和选项中的关键词从原文中找到相关的句子，与选项进行比较从而确定答案；推理判断题既要求学生透过文章表面文字信息推测文章隐含意思，又要求学生对作者的态度、意图及文章细节的发展作正确的推理判断，力求从作者的角度去考虑，不要固守自己的看法或观点．

12~15.【答案】A、D、B、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句Fuel prices can be expensive and new research has highlighted owners of these popular cars are making massive savings on petrol costs.（燃料价格可能会很贵，新的研究强调，这些受欢迎的汽车车主正在大幅节省汽油成本。）可知许多车主在汽油费上大幅度节省是因为燃料很贵。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据文章第一段第二句Fuel economy is worked out by estimating how much it would cost to fill a tank and then divide that by each mile a car can travel.（燃油经济性是通过估算加满一个油箱的成本，然后除以汽车行驶的英里数计算出来的。）可知计算燃油经济性的方法是估计加满油箱的量，并将其除以汽车行驶的每英里。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据文章第三段Choose My Car research found two Toyota models topped the list for the best fuel economy with an average spend of just 10 p per mile. （"选择我的车"研究发现，两款丰田汽车以平均每英里10便士的油耗位居最省油车型之首。）可知最省油的是丰田车型。故选B。
（4）推理判断题。根据文章最后一段第二句However，the Range Rover was considered one of the vehicle's which could travel furthest on one tank of fuel with an estimated range of 582 miles. （然而，路虎揽胜被认为是靠一箱燃料行驶最远的车辆之一，估计行驶里程为582英里。）可知根据短文，如果约翰总是走得更远，他会买路虎揽胜。故选C。
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一些当前市场上最便宜最省油的汽车。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

16~20.【答案】C、F、B、D、A
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据前句Mondays are kind of annoying（星期一有点烦人）；以及后句A recent survey says that most people get the prework 'Sunday blues'（一项调查发现大部分人在星期天就提前对星期一厌烦了），可知表示"当我们想到接下来的工作周时，即使是周日下午也会变得酸酸的"的选项C可以起到承上启下的作用，故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据前句The solution？Set aside a little time on Sunday to purposefully prepare yourself for the five days ahead，suggests women's health expert Marsha Hudnall（解决方案。女性健康专家玛莎•哈德内尔建议，周日留出一点时间，有目的地为未来五天做好准备）；以及后文的建议，可知表示"每个星期天只采取这些简单的建议中的一些，将帮助你开始一个富有成效、压力较小的星期"的选项可以起到承上启下的作用F，故选F。
（3）推理判断题。根据小标题Do some meal preparations（做一些饭菜准备）；以及前句Go a step further by chopping and cooking vegetables and a protein（提前切菜并且把蔬菜和蛋白质煮好--如烤鸡或炒蛋），可知表示"那么你下班回家时所要做的就是加热"的选项B符合前后的语境，chopping and cooking vegetables and a protein是关键词，故选B。
（4）推理判断题。根据前句Stress has a major impact on health and our ability to concentrate（压力对健康和我们的注意力有很大影响），可知表示"因此，有一个在星期天的减压习惯可以让你在下一周紧张和专注"的选项D符合前后的语境，Stress是关键词，故选D。
（5）主题判断题。根据后文Why not prepare your favorite clothes for Monday？Studies show that what you wear can have a significant effect on your mood.So make Monday the day you wear  your favorite clothes or show the latest addition to your wardrobe （衣橱）.It's also a good idea to get some nice coffee or music ready，which will give you something to look forward to on your Monday commute（为什么不为周一准备你最喜欢的衣服？研究表明，你的穿着会对你的心情产生重大影响。所以，把星期一定为你穿最喜欢的衣服的日子，或者展示你衣柜里最新的衣服。准备一些美味的咖啡或音乐也是一个好主意，这会让你在周一的通勤路上有所期待），可知表示"周一给自己一些期待"的选项A符合本段的主题，your favorite clothes和get some nice coffee or music ready是关键词，故选A。
本文是一篇说明文。作者介绍了减少由于周一的工作而产生负面情绪的方法。
这是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。

21~40.【答案】B、A、D、B、C、D、D、B、C、C、D、D、C、A、B、C、B、A、D、A
【解析】（1）考查动词及语境理解。A．orders命令；B．instructs教授，教导；C．advises建议；D．allows允许。根据下文his son to fly a kite可知，应是父亲教儿子放风筝。instruct sb to do sth指导某人做某事。故选B。
（2）考查副词及语境理解。A．suddenly突然；B．actually事实上；C．properly恰当地；D．sadly悲伤地。根据下句he watches it climb until it disappears应知是儿子突然放开风筝线，让风筝飞走。故选A。
（3）考查介词短语及语境理解。A．in a row连续地；B．in a way某种程度上；C．in no time立即；D．in the distance在远方。根据上一句the child  suddenly  drops the string and lets the kite soar（高飞）可知是让风筝飞走，消失在远方。故选D。
（4）考查副词及语境理解。A．abruptly突然地；B．eventually最终，最后，终于；C．absolutely绝对地；D．apparently明显地。根据下文he'll have to loosen the tie that binds（绑）him to his son可知，父亲最终是要松开拴着父与子之间的这根线的。故选B。
（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.responds回复；B．guesses猜测；C．wonders想知道；D．hesitates犹豫。根据倒数第二段中的 the question it asked可知，the question就是此处的问句。故用wonder"问，向（某人）发问"来发出这样的疑问。故选C。
（6）考查动词及语境理解。A．believed相信；B．explained解释；C．regretted后悔；D．announced宣布，宣告。根据下文I tried to talk him out of it．But none of my reasoning made any…．At the end of the semester Gary moved back home可知儿子是下定决心地正式地宣布退学的。故选D。
（7）考查名词及语境理解。A.progress进步；B．decision决定；C．effort努力；D．difference区别。根据下文At the end of the semester Gary moved back home可知，父亲的讲道理式的劝说没有起到任何作用，儿子还是退学回家了。make some difference 起作用，有效果。故选D。
（8）考查形容词及语境理解。A.ball球；B．job工作；C．kite风筝；D．toy玩具。根据上文Gary managed to find a job可知是儿子自己找的工作，所以应该是像往常一样热情满满地去工作。故选B。
（9）考查副词及语境理解。A.therefore因此；B．besides另外；C．however然而；D．otherwise否则。根据下文 What was a college professor's…，doing at a job that any high school dropout could perform？可知，父亲对儿子在那么普通的岗位上热情地工作，应该是非常失望的，所以才发出这样的强烈的反问。所以，前后是含有转折。故选C。
（10）考查名词及语境理解。A.daughter女儿；B．nephew侄子；C．son儿子；D．cousin堂兄弟。根据上文Many years later my son可知此处是教授的儿子。故选C。
 （11）考查动词及语境理解。A.support支持；B．accept接受；C．control控制；D．persuade说服。根据下文 "Yes，Dad，"he replied 可知，父亲所说的话是父亲开始劝儿子继续上学。故选D。
（12）考查形容词及语境理解。A.honest诚实的；B．ordinary普通的；C．latter后面的；D．former以前的。根据上文In a few years 和at your high school reunion可知，应该是和以前的同学聚会。故选D。
（13）考查动词及语境理解。A．prevent阻止，阻挡；B．forget忘记；C．handle处理，讨论（问题），对待（人）；D．admit接受。根据上文In a few years you'll be at your high school reunion with   former classmates who became doctors，lawyers，and engineers可知同学聚会时你怎么面对？故选C。
（14）考查名词及语境理解。A.hesitation犹豫；B.commitment奉献；C.permission允许；D.comment评论。根据下句But the real question is：Can you？可知，儿子的回答应该是十分坚决。without hesitation 毫不犹豫地。故选A。
（15）考查动词及语境理解。A.deserted抛弃；B．silenced使沉默；C．ignored忽视；D．angered激怒。根据下文I wasn't thinking about my son可知儿子的话让作者沉默了。故选B。
（16）考查名词及语境理解。A.essay散文；B．article文章；C．poem诗歌；D．passage段落。根据第一段I have written a poem called Flying Kites，in which a man instructs his son to fly a kite可知作者突然记起以前曾经写过的诗。故选C。
（17）考查名词及语境理解。A.secret秘密；B．string细绳，纽带；C．dog狗；D．news新闻。根据第一段最后 Will I release the tie as unselfishly as that？和下文At that moment I knew I had to let go．Gary was …enough to make his own choices可知，作者不得不对儿子放手，孩子已经长大。故此处应是，父亲放开与孩子相连的纽带。故选B。
（18）考查形容词及语境理解。A.old不年轻的；B．honest诚实的；C．lucky幸运的；D．cute可爱的。根据前一句At that moment I knew I had to let go可知，儿子足够大了，可以自己做决定了。故选A。
（19）考查形容词及语境理解。A.guilty内疚的；B．tired疲惫的；C．afraid害怕的；D．proud自豪的。根据前一句Today Gary has a successful career可知父亲现在对儿子的职业应该是感到骄傲。故选D。
（20）考查连词及语境理解。A.Since自从；B．When当；C．Although尽管；D．Unless除非。根据下文I've been able to sit back and enjoy watching him soar可知，自从放下自己的骄傲后，自己就可以坐下来欣赏他的飞翔了。可以看出是现在完成时，前面的连词必须用since。故选A。
本文是一篇记叙文，作者通过这篇文章主要讲述的是当儿子突然从大学辍学后，作者从生气到羞愧，最后接受了儿子的决定，终于儿子拥有了属于自己的成功的事业。
完形填空考查学生综合运用语言的能力。做题时，要先通读全文，掌握大意，然后结合选项，仔细阅读文章，选择最适合语境的词，注意上下文的呼应和语境。

41.【答案】【小题1】pleasant
【小题2】seated
【小题3】in
【小题4】presence
【小题5】to walk
【小题6】rose
【小题7】words
【小题8】Thankfully
【小题9】until
【小题10】a
【解析】（1）考查形容词。句意：没有什么比善良更能让我们的生活或其他人的生活更愉快。分析句子可知，此处用形容词作宾补修饰宾语our lives，or the lives of other people，表示"愉快的"，故填pleasant。
（2）考查形容词。句意：今天在一栋大楼的入口处，我看到一个坐在轮椅上的女人在我面前。分析句子可知，此处用形容词作宾补，修饰宾语a woman，表示"就坐的"，故填seated。
（3）考查介词。句意：不着急，我不想打扰她，所以我留在了后面。in a hurry表示"匆忙"符合句意，故填in。
（4）考查不可数名词。句意：她在意识到我的存在后让我按下电梯按钮。结合句意和my可知，此处用名词形式，表示"存在"，为不可数名词，故填presence。
（5）考查动词不定式。句意：她让我扶住电梯，因为她走那么短的距离需要一些时间。it takes sb sometime to do表示"做某事花费某人多长时间"，故填to walk。
（6）考查动词时态。句意：我非常高兴能这样做，但同时我内心也感到恐慌。结合句意和was可知，此处用一般过去时，故填rose。
（7）考查可数名词的复数。句意：许多电梯上的"打开"和"关闭"符号通常没有"打开"或"关闭"字样，我经常按错按钮。结合句意可知，此处表示复数含义，故用名词的复数形式，故填words。
（8）考查副词。句意：谢天谢地，除了这个符号，它还写着打开，所以我按下了正确的按钮，并告诉她慢慢走。此处用副词作状语修饰句子，且首字母大写，故填Thankfully。
（9）考查时间状语从句。句意：直到她在电梯里站稳，我才按下关闭按钮。not...until...表示"直到……才"符合句意，故填until。
（10）考查冠词。句意：事实上，这个过程只花了我五分钟，但之后我感到内心温暖。as a matter of fact表示"事实上"符合句意，故填a。
本文为说明文，主要讲述了我们要对身边的人友好善良。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。

42.【答案】Recently,a famous basketball player has caused public         by writing on the Great Wall.In the fact,this happens in many         of interest.I         some suggestions to solve this problem.
    First,make more posters to inform the public∧ the damage of graffiti （涂鸦）.Besides,punishments,such as a fine,        necessary to tourists with         bad behavior.Also,I think it's         to put up some boards along the tourist attractions         tourists can leave messages.
    I'm sure with our efforts,more and more people will become         about protecting cultural relics.
1.考查名词。句意：最近，一位著名的篮球运动员在长城上写了一篇文章，引起了公众的愤怒。此处需要用名词做宾语，故将angry改成anger。
2.考查固定短语。句意：事实上，这种情况在中国的许多名胜古迹都有发生。in fact为固定用法，意为"事实上"，故删除the。
3.考查可数名词复数。句意：事实上，这种情况在中国的许多名胜古迹都有发生。根据前文的many,可知此处不止一处名胜古迹，需要用名词复数形式，故将place改为places。
4.考查时态。句意：我有一些建议来解决这个问题。根据前文的has和happens,本文是描述现在的事实，所以用一般现在时态，故将had改为have。
5.考查介词。句意：首先，制作更多海报，让公众了解涂鸦的危害。inform sb of sth为固定用法，意为"使某人知道......"，故在public后加of。
6.考查主谓一致。句意：此外，惩罚，如罚款，对于有这样的坏行为的游客是有必要的。句子主语为punishments,谓语动词也要用复数形式，故将is改为are。
7.考查副词。句意：此外，惩罚，如罚款，对于有这样的坏行为的游客是有必要的。so之后接形容词，such后接名词，此处修饰名词behavior,应用such,故将so改为such。
8.考查形容词。句意：我认为在旅游景点附近放些牌子很有帮助，游客可以在那里留言。it is+形容词+to do sth.表示做某事怎么样，此处应填形容词做表语，故将helpfully改为helpful。
9.考查定语从句。句意：我认为在旅游景点附近放些牌子很有帮助，游客可以在那里留言。本句是定语从句，从句修饰名词attractions,先行词在从句中做地点状语，连接词用where,故将that改为where。
10.考查形容词。句意：越来越多的人开始关注文化遗产的保护。become concerned about表示"关注"，此处主语是people,主语是人应该用-ed结尾的形容词，故将concerning改为concerned。
【解析】本文是夹叙夹议文，作者对于文物破坏这一现象提出了一些建议。
短文改错时要注意一下几点：1.快速阅读，整体把握短文大意；2.重视语境以及上下文的关系；3.充分运用基础语言知识找出错误所在。

43.【答案】Dear Jack，
How is everything going？I'd like to share a piece of good news with you.
Last weekend，I volunteered to be responsible for organizing an English party with the aim of arouseing their interest in speaking English.【高分句型一】（活动目的）My friends and I discussed many things ranging from the party to how to decorate our classroom.（组织过程）With our joint efforts，the party turned out a big success.Looking back，I realized that nothing is impossible if you put your heart into it.【高分句型二】（个人感受）
Do you have anything interesting to share？I'm looking forward to hearing from you.
Yours，
Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一：Last weekend，I volunteered to be responsible for organizing an English party with the aim of arouseing their interest in speaking English.
翻译：上周末，我自愿负责组织一个英语晚会，目的是激发他们讲英语的兴趣。
分析：本句使用了固定搭配with the aim of译为"目的是......"。
高分句型二：Looking back，I realized that nothing is impossible if you put your heart into it.
翻译：回首往事，我意识到，如果你用心去做，没有什么是不可能的。
分析：本句使用了现在分词短语Looking back作状语，以及that引导的宾语从句。
书信类作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。