中考英语二轮专题复习 阅读理解 政治经济文化类五（含答案）

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一、阅读理解（共5题）1、 Whenever I'm invited to somebody's house for the first time， I'll take a close look at their bookshelves．What they keep on their shelves，in my eyes，is a reflection （反映） of their personal tastes and interests．The books on a bookshelf tell the story of a life．    My own shelves are a kind of roadmap through my life， telling a chronological tale． First up come my favorite childhood reads， like Watership Down and His Dark Materials． The collection then moves on to teenage things I read in school ﹣ Nineteen Eight﹣Four， The Handmaid's Tale and A Clockwork Orange． Finally， we come out of full﹣time education and enter the real world， and this part is a reflection of my professional （职业的） life， from the first exciting days of work experience to the present．    If you pointed to any book on my shelves， I could name the year I got it， where I was working，and probably where I was living at the time．    ___▲____It is an easy way to get to know about his hopes， dreams and interests． And a big part of that story is how we arrange （排列） our books， and get on with them． It's such a personal thing，different from each other． Some want to be with their books in every room， others have them onshelves， behind glass or simply lining their floors． Each home has a story to tell through the way they live with their books．    It's often said that what we read says something about who we are． The way we fill our bookshelves might also send a message about ourselves． From the pile of books on your bedside table to your well﹣organized shelves， whether we notice it or not， our book collections are telling a story before a single page has been turned．（1）The book son the writer's own shelves are organized according to　　．A． their pricesB． their writersC． his personal interestsD． the periods of his life（2）Which of the following is the best sentence to fill in the blank in Paragraph4？　　A． Every book is worth reading．B． Each bookshelf holds a special dream．C． Book collections tell so much about a person．D． The books a person reads depend on his choices，（3）The writer seems to agree that　　．A． we'd better not put our books on the floorB． the way we arrange our books shows our tastesC． the books at our bedside are usually more importantD． we Can know about a person by reading the message he sends（4）It can be learned from the passage that the writer is probably　　．A． a book loverB． a story tellerC． a shelf collectorD． a fashion designer2、 In the eyes of many foreigners, Chinese are the best hosts and the worst guests in the world. And western hosts sometimes look rude (粗鲁的) in the eyes of Chinese guests. It is because the guest-host relationship in China is quite different from that in some western countries.  In China, guests are almost like gods. Whenever I enter a Chinese friend’s home, there is always fruit on the table for me, and someone is quick to bring me a cup of tea or water. In the west, generally the guest is not a god. Acting according to the host’s way of doing things is usual behavior for a guest.My wife’s mother, a very kind Chinese lady, doesn’t smoke. When I see some of her guests smoking in her house, as a non-smoker, I feel unhappy. Usually, I want to stop them directly, but I must realize that in China, to be a good host, she must not do that. In most North American homes, if you are a guest, and the hosts are not smokers, you should not smoke in their house. At the very least, you should ask, “Is it OK if I smoke?” But don’t be surprised if they say, “No, you can’t smoke.” In my culture, if you smoke in their house, you are a bad guest, but if they don’t allow you to smoke in their house, they are not rude hosts. In a word, no matter where you are, the best way to be a good guest is to adapt to (适应) the habits of your hosts.8. When a western guest visits a Chinese family, he often ________.A. buys some fruit          B. brings a cup of teaC. smokes          D. feels like a god9. What will the writer probably say if a guest wants to smoke in his house?A. Let’s smoke together.      B. Sorry, you can’t smoke here.C. Smoking is a bad habit.        D. It’s OK if you smoke here.10. What can be learned from the passage?A. A friend in need is a friend indeed.    B. Where there is a will, there is a way.C. When in Rome, do as the Romans do.   D. Actions speak louder than words.11. What is the best title of the passage?A. The Best HostsB. The Best GuestsC. Different Cultures in Different CountriesD. Different Guest-host Relationships in Different Cultures3、 Few words are spoken more often every day on the streets of Britain than “I’m sorry”. This sentence has become such a common that it has taken on a lot of meanings.Sorry means to apologize (道歉). This is simple and easy to understand. We learn it both as a mother language speaker and as a student of foreign language.But in Britain, it take on another meaning. It is a cultural expression. Imagine this situation: a man walks down the street, looking down at his phone. A woman is walking in the opposite direction, towards the man. She sees him, but she can’t get out of the way in time. The man walks into the woman. Who should say sorry? Naturally, the man should say sorry, because he isn’t looking at where he is going. Yet in Britain, it is common for both to apologize.It is known that British people, like most people, do not enjoy conflict (冲突). So to calm the situation soon, British people will apologize to each other.Sometimes it may sound funny to hear “sorry”. In Britain, sorry doesn’t always mean exactly what you think. Some of my friends say it at restaurants. As they ask the waiter, “Sorry, but can I order another drink?” It is not to apologize, but just to express that we need the waiter.36. How many meanings of “sorry” are the passage mentioned but apologize?A. Three.    B. Two.    C. Only one.     D. Four.37. What does the phrase “take on” mean in the passage?A. 从事   B. 雇佣    C. 呈现    D. 拿起38. The example in the third paragraph is used to ________.A. explain why people should say sorry to each otherB. describe a situation that people should avoidC. describe how “sorry” has another meaning in BritainD. show how polite British people are39. The restaurant example shows that “sorry” can be used to ________.A. apologize to a waiter      B. explain what you’re thinking aboutC. calm a situation down      D. ask a waiter to bring something40. What might be a good title for this story?A. “I’m sorry” is more than just an apology. B. Traditional British manners.C. Finding a way out of a difficult situation.  D. How to best catch others’ attention.4、 阅读理解 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容选择最佳答案。    In Britain, children go to school from Monday to Friday. School usually starts nine o’clock in the morning and finishes at about three o’clock in the afternoon. Most schools ask their students to wear a school uniform.    School always starts with registration. What is registration? Every child going to school each morning and afternoon is recorded(记录) in a special book. The teacher reads out each child’s name in turn. On hearing his/her name, the child makes a reply(回复) and the teacher writes in the book. From the book, you can see whether(是否) the child is in school or not.    At 9:10, children go to the meeting place. There they sing songs, listen to a story and pray(祈祷).    The first lesson begins at 9:20. They have break time from 10:20 to 10:35. During break time, the children have a snack and play games outdoors. After that, they go back in for another lesson until lunch at 12:00. Afternoon lessons begin at 1:10 and end at 3:15, and children go home. They don’t have a break in the afternoon.1. How much time does a British student usually spend at school in a week?A. Around 20 hours.B. Over 40 hours.  C. About 30 hours. D. Only 6 hours.2. The following things take place in British schools each morning. Which do you think is the right order(顺序)?① Teachers call over the children’s names.    ② Teachers write something in the book.③ Children answer “Here”.A. ①②③        B. ①③②    C. ②①③    D. ③①②3. What do they usually do after registration?A. They meet, sing and pray.       B. They have a lesson.C. They do some reading in a classroom.   D. They play some games.4. When do the children have a snack?A. Before they go to school.     B. After they have afternoon lessons.C.When they finish their outdoor games. D. At about half past ten in the morning.5. Which of the following is true?A. In Britain, most students live at school at night.B. The first lesson starts at nine o’clock.C. Students in Britain go to school before nine every morning.D. Students in Britain have a long break between the afternoon lessons.5、 阅读理解Different gestures (手势) mean different things in different countries. Sometimes a gesture that is polite in one country is not polite in another and should not be used. Different meanings of gestures can also cause problems in understanding what another person is trying to say. A gesture that many people do not understand is one that uses the thumb. Most westerners will sometimes show that they like something by holding out a closed hand with the thumb lifting in the air. This is called give someone or something “the thumbs up”. Often, only one thumb is used, so it should be “the thumb up”. The usual explanation (解释) for the origin of this gesture is not really correct. It says that in ancient Roman times, when people were pleased with the way a gladiator (角斗士) had fought, they showed their thumbs up. When they were not pleased, they gave the thumbs down. When a gladiator was given the thumbs up, the emperor allowed him to live. When a gladiator was given the thumbs down, the emperor ordered him to be killed. The truth is, however, it was translated into a wrong meaning by mistake. If people wanted to save the gladiator, they put out their hands and hid their thumbs in their hands. If they wanted the gladiator to die, they pointed their thumbs straight at him. (   )1. Westerners lift their thumbs when they ________. A. want someone to die   B. like somethingC. want to go to a playground    D. want someone to live(   )2. Most people think that in ancient Rome, “thumbs up” meant that ________. A. the emperor could die B. the people wanted the gladiator to liveC. the fighting could continue D. the people were not pleased(   )3. In fact, if people wanted a gladiator to live, they ________. A. hid their thumbs    B. pointed their thumbs downwC. lifted their thumbs up   D. pointed their thumbs at him(   )4. From the article we know that ________. A. different gestures have different meanings in different countriesB. a friendly gesture is always the same in different countriesC. the meaning of “thumbs up” is the same both now and the pastD. we should often use the thumbs(   )5. The main idea of this article is about ________. A. gestures around the world B. closed thumbsC. gestures in ancient Rome D. the thumbs­up gesture ============参考答案============一、阅读理解1、 DCBA【分析】本文讲述了作者是一个爱读书的人．他的书架是他人生的一个路线图，讲述着一个按时间顺序排列的故事．他认为这是了解一个人的希望、梦想和兴趣的一个简单方法．（1）D 细节推测题．根据第二段My own shelves are a kind of roadmap through my life， telling a chronological tale．我自己的书架是我人生的一个路线图，讲述着一个按时间顺序排列的故事．可知，作者自己的书架都是按照他的一生来整理的．故选D．（2）C 句意猜测题．根据后句It is an easy way to get to know about his hopes， dreams and interests．这是了解他的希望、梦想和兴趣的简单方法．这些关于一个人的事情．都是藏书能告诉我们．可以推测出，"藏书能告诉我们很多关于一个人的事情"符合题意．故选C．（3）B 细节理解题．根据第一段What they keep on their shelves，in my eyes，is a reflection （反映） of their personal tastes and interests．在我看来，他们放在书架上的东西是他们个人品味和兴趣的反映．可知，作者认为我们整理书籍的方式显示了我们的品味．故选B．（4）A 细节推断题．根据第三段If you pointed to any book on my shelves， I could name the year I got it， where I was working，and probably where I was living at the time．如果你指着我书架上的任何一本书，我可以说出我买这本书的年份，我在哪里工作，也许我当时住在哪里．结合文章可以推测出，作者是个爱读书的人．故选A．【点评】阅读题型，要注重句子与句子之间、段落与段落之间逻辑关系以及对篇章的整体理解．根据所给问题选择正确选项完成试题．2、 8. D    9. B    10. C    11. D【解析】短文大意：本文是文化类阅读，作者通过在中国的岳母家做客发现，中国的主客关系与一些西方国家有很大的不同，最后提出了客人应该适应主人习惯的观点。8.题意：当一位西方客人拜访一个中国家庭时，他常常觉得自己像神一样。考查细节理解。根据In China, guests are almost like gods.可知，在中国客人就像神一样，故选D。9.题意：如果一位客人想在他家抽烟，作者可能会说什么?考查细节理解。A. 我们一起抽烟吧。B. 对不起，你不能在这里抽烟。C. 吸烟是一种坏习惯。D。没关系,如果你在这里抽烟。根据When I see some of her guests smoking in her house, as a non-smoker, I feel unhappy. Usually, I want to stop them directly可知会直接阻止他们抽烟。AD两项不符合作者意愿，C项表达含蓄，可排除。Sorry, you can’t smoke here.是直接拒绝，故选B。10.题意：从这篇文章中我们可以了解到什么?考查细节判断。A. 患难见真情。B. 有志者事竟成。C. 入乡随俗。D. 事实胜于雄辩。根据短文内容，结合no matter where you are, the best way to be a good guest is to adapt to the habits of your hosts.可知，作者通过在中国的岳母家做客发现，中国的主客关系与一些西方国家有很大的不同，最后提出了客人应该适应主人习惯的观点；When in Rome, do as the Romans do.符合句意，故选C。11.题意：这篇文章最好的题目是什么?考查标题归纳。A. 最好的主人；B. 最好的客人；C. 不同的国家有不同的文化；D. 不同文化中主客关系的不同。根据开头It is because the guest-host relationship in China is quite different from that in some western countries.可知，中国的主客关系与一些西方国家有很大的不同，Different Guest-host Relationships in Different Cultures符合文意，故选D。3、 文章大意  这篇短文介绍了“sorry”的文化内涵，它不仅仅表示道歉，它也是一种文化表达方式。英国人不喜欢发生冲突，为了平定这个情形，他们会互相道歉。有时听到“sorry”可能觉得是非常有趣的。36. B细节理解题。根据But in Britain, it take on another meaning. It is a cultural expression. 但在英国，它有另一个含义。这是一种文化表达。以及句子As they ask the waiter, “Sorry, but can I order another drink?” It is not to apologize, but just to express that we need the waiter. 他们问服务员：“对不起，我能再点一杯吗？“不是道歉，只是表示我们需要服务员。可知，这是除了道歉以外的另两种含义。故选B。37. C词义猜测题。句子But in Britain, it take on another meaning. 但在英国，它呈现出另一个含义。因此take on有“呈现，显出”的意思。其他选项不符合语境。故选C。38. C细节理解题。第三段的含义是：因为男的低头看手机，而没有注意到这位女士，才与该女士相撞，因此道歉的应该是该位男士，然而在英国，他们双方都会道歉。因此该段的例子主要用来描述“对不起”在英国的另一个含义。也就是（But in Britain, it take on another meaning. It is a cultural expression.）故选C。39. D细节理解题。根据Some of my friends say it at restaurants. As they ask the waiter, “Sorry, but can I order another drink?” It is not to apologize, but just to express that we need the waiter. 我的一些朋友在餐馆说。他们问服务员：“对不起，我能再点一杯吗？”不是道歉，只是表示我们需要服务员。可知，餐厅的例子表明，说“Sorry”可以用来让服务员带东西过来。故选D。40. A推理判断题。本文主要介绍了“sorry”的文化内涵，它不仅仅表示道歉，它也是一种文化表达方式。英国人不喜欢发生冲突，为了平定这个情形，他们会互相道歉。有时听到“sorry”可能觉得是非常有趣的。因此本文的最好题目是：“I’m sorry”is more than just an apology. “对不起”不仅仅是道歉。还有别的含义。故选A。4、 1C 2B 3A 4D 5C5、 1B 2B 3A 4A 5D