2023届山西省晋城一中高三上学期第五次调研考试英语试（原卷版 解析版）

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2022-2023学年第一学期高三年级第5次调研考试英语试题第一部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分60分)第一节(共15小题;每小题3分，满分45分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。AIt’s enjoyable to travel like a local around Sydney on this city cycling tour with different options. Various tour lengths allow you to choose a bike tour that suits your schedule and budget.Overview●Covering more than 30 of the top Sydney sights ●Use of bicycle and all safety equipment include●Led by a cycling guide so travelers can focus on scenery instead of directions●Refuel with included lunch and a drink on the Sydney Harbour Bridge RideDetailsMeet your group and guide at The Rocks at the appointed time for your tour. Choose from several tour options, including the Sydney Classic Tour, the Sydney Highlights Tour, the Sydney Harbour Bridge Ride and the Manly Beach and Sunset Cruise Tour. Highlights include Royal Botanic Gardens, Hyde Park, Darling Harbour, Harbour Bridge and Sydney Opera House. Your tour ends at its original departure point.Important Information●Secure storage is available for backpack, purse, or other items which need to be stored until you return from your tour.●Baby seats for children up to 25 kg can be provided free of charge. ●Tour operates in wet weather, and raincoats will be provided.●No wheelchair is accessible. ●Animals aren’t allowed. ●Travelers have to keep a normal physical fitness level.1. What can the tourists enjoy during the cycling tour?A. All Sydney sights. B. Free lunchC. Wheelchair service. D. Watching many animals.2 Where is the departure point of the tour?A. The Rocks. B. Hyde Park.C. Harbour Bridge. D. Sydney Opera House.3. Which is a must for the tourists?A. Living in Sydney. B. Bringing raincoats.C. Being in good health. D. Riding their own bikes.BBritish birdwatcher are used to bad news. House sparrow numbers have fallen from an estimated 30m to 10m since 1966. Curlews （杓鹬）have become a rare sight, their numbers sharply declining by 50% in 15 years. Cuckoos（布谷鸟）， once-frequent visitors from Africa, have decreased by 63% in the south-east in the past two decades. Earlier springs that confuse migrant birds, more efficient farming and the transformation of ruined buildings (good for nesting) into modern homes have all contributed to these woes.But data released by the British Trust for Ornithology(BTO), a research charity, suggest some are rising. Tracking bird populations by means of regular surveys, the figures give the clearest picture of 49 species across Britain.Blackcaps（黑顶林莺）, small woodland birds native to Germany and eastern Europe, are unwilling to return after their summer short visits: Since 1967 numbers have increased by 177%. The little egret（小白鹭）, a white heron-like bird, arrived from continental Europe in 1989 and now numbers over 5,000. Wood pigeons（斑尾林鸽）, once found shyly singing in forests, have bravely moved into cities and suburbs.Environmental and agricultural changes have helped as well as confused birds. Modern farming techniques allow grain to be planted in the autumn rather than the spring; that helps wood pigeons feed in winter. Warmer winters mean rivers and ponds are less likely to freeze, providing the little egrets with food. James Pearce-Higgins of the BTO says that blackcaps benefit particularly from the increasing popularity of berry bushes in people’s gardens.Birders complain nonetheless. Some of the species booming, such as carrion crows（食腐乌鸦）and buzzards（秃鹰）, are disliked. And migrant birds that extend their visits may provide competition for some bird natives. They are “muscling in and getting the first claim on breeding sites”, says Richard Cowser of the Sussex Ornithological Society.                        I like their human counterparts（同行）, residents of a small island stricken by global winds, British birds will have to learn to compete.4 The underlined word “woes” in Paragraph 1 probably means____________.A. Tragedy B. construction C. damage D. migration5. What might not be the reason for the increase of birds?A. The access to people’s gardens. B. Modern farming methods.C. The different environmental patterns. D. Rebuilding of abandoned houses.6. Which of the following statements is correct according to the passage?A. All bird lovers are satisfied with the situation of birds increasing.B. Migrant birds lengthening their stays cause threat to the local birds.C. Black caps whose home is Germany and eastern Europe refuse to stay in Britain.D. More than 5000 little egrets arrived in Britain from continental Europe in 1989.7. Where might this article come from?A. A travel brochure. B. An annual report.C. A personal journal. D. A magazine article.CEddie Browning and his wife Cindy were living in a run-down camper that had been ruined by a fire. Because of its poor state, the couple found themselves freezing during the cold weather. Sadly, they couldn’t afford to have it repaired.They desperately needed a roof over their head and prayed every night that they would someday have a home. Eventually, their prayers were answered—and they have children to thank for it. Dozens of students from Elm Street Elementary in Rome, Georgia, and volunteers built a tiny house for Eddie and Cindy in 2017. The group presented it to the couple at the Georgia Tiny House Festival in Eatonton at the Lavender Farm.The couple was overwhelmed with delight upon seeing their new home. And they were surprised to hear that this project was initiated by school children. The students had started constructing the tiny house a year before but could not present it to the Brownings because they didn’t have a place to legally put it. Thankfully, the Georgia Tiny House Festival and Lavender Farms organizers heard about their dilemma and allowed them to put it on the farm.The groups’ act of kindness didn’t stop there. They also assisted the kids in adding electricity, plumbing, and a larger extension to the home. Eventually, what started out as a really tiny home with only sleeping bags, supplies, and a propane heater grew bigger than anyone had ever imagined.The spirit of generosity further spread around. Soon, donors, corporate sponsors, and volunteers began pitching to fill the house with appliances and make it livable for the Brownings. The project was so successful that the Elm Street Elementary School pledged to build a new house each year for a family who needed it. They even have a motto for their mission: “tiny house, big dreams.”8. What happened to the Brownings?A. They escaped from a fire.B. They were in poor physical state.C. They were homeless and struggling.D. They suffered from cold and hunger.9. What was the new house like with the help of the groups?A. It was illegally built. B. It was poorly equipped.C. It was small beyond imagination. D. It was convenient to live in.10. What does the underlined word “pledged” in the last paragraph probably mean?A. Promised. B. Paused. C. Remembered. D. Hesitated.11. What can we learn from the text?A. Helping others is helping yourself.B. The future lies in the hands of children.C. One act of kindness can change the world.D. Youths make a difference and kindness spreads.DThe global population growing, the climate is warming, and, no surprise, the demand for energy is steadily increasing. We need to use less energy in any way that we can. German design student Tobias Tribenbacher, from the University of the Arts Berlin, has created a street light called Papilio in response to global sustainability initiatives, saying that he initially chose to create a city-facing streetlight due to such lights’ role in light pollution. Papilio can be mounted to walls or set up as a freestanding lantern. The lamp should ideally be placed between three to six metres above ground, where ground-level winds are the strongest. The lamp is shaped like a pinwheel that acts as a wind turbine (涡轮), catching the wind to produce its own energy. It also has a rechargeable battery that stores electricity, so the lamp can operate even on less windy days. Another key component of the lamp is the light itself. The warm-colored light doesn’t draw the attention of insects, and it uses an infrared (红外线的) sensor so that the light is only started by nearby motion, reducing its contribution to light pollution. Aside from saving public space and beautifying streets, the streetlight’s design is also a visual signal of clean energy in action. “Design not only determines how street lights are working. It can also shape our attitude towards them and consequently affect how we use them,” Tobias Tribenbacher says. “Because energy creation is often an invisible process, projects such as these help the production of electricity become comprehensible.”The lamp’s ability to change wind power into electricity can also be a huge benefit to naturally windy areas. And since it doesn’t require any electrical infrastructure (基础设施), there will be an opportunity to fix the street lights in remote settings or places where infrastructure innovations can be cost-prohibitive. Just as lanterns create the character of streets and squares, Papilio is envisioned as a public sustainability statement that motivates residents to take part in transforming our cities into climate-friendly, future-proof environments.12 Why did Tribenbacher choose to create the street light?A. To tackle light pollution. B. To reduce biodiversity loss.C. To beautify the city he lives in. D. To draw public attention to waste.13. Which of the following is the feature of the street light?A. It occupies a large space. B. It can be fixed anywhere.C. It is switched off by hand. D. It is unattractive to insects.14. What do Tribenbacher’s words in Paragraph 5 imply?A. The climate crisis is tough to address.B. Design can facilitate our comprehension of energy production.C. We must take action to save clean energy.D. We know little about electricity generation.15. What is the purpose of the text?A. To stress the importance of innovation. B. To introduce a wind-powered street light.C. To advocate environmental sustainability. D. To analyze the sustainability of the street light.第二节 七选五(共5小题;每小题3分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。How to Respond when Someone Judges YouDealing with judgment from other people can be tough, especially when it’s coming from a friend, family member, or colleague. Judgmental people are unavoidable, but you can easily deal with their criticism using positivity and compassion.Rid yourself of the judgment. Remember that a judgmental person’s words are a reflection of their own beliefs-and not yours. Critical people criticize themselves more than anyone else. ____16____.Be sympathetic. Practice sympathy to understand the source of this person’s judgment. It could be that they were judged by parents, family, or friends, in which case this person’s critical attitude would be something they learned(and not necessarily intentional). While that doesn’t excuse their behavior, having sympathy can inform your response. Say things like “____17____,” or “I see where you’re coming from, but…” when you respond to someone’s judgment.Ask for clarification. ____18____. Ask this person to explain what they said, and find out their motivation for saying it. You could ask then, “What are you trying to say? If you have constructive criticism, I’m open to hearing it.” That way, you’re giving the other person a gentle reminder to phrase their words constructively.____19____. Be polite but firm when you call out judgmental people. If somebody crosses a line and makes you feel criticized, tell them how you feel. If someone is giving you criticism you didn’t ask for, you could say, “____20____, and I have a plan that works for me.”A. Stop talking like thisB. Set boundaries in the conversationC. I understand why you feel that wayD. I feel like I need to deal with this in my wayE. I know you want to talk but this is a sensitive subject for meF Judgmental people may not know they’re being rude or unreasonableG. So the judgment they pass isn’t actually about you, though it can feel personal第二部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分55分)第一节 完形填空(共20小题;每题2分，满分40分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Being good at something and having a passion for it are not enough. Success ___21___ fundamentally on our view of ourselves and of the ____22____ in our lives.When twelve-year-old John Wilson walked into his chemistry class on a rainy day in 1931, he had no ___23___ of knowing that his life was to change ____24____. The class experiment that day was to ____25____ how heating a container of water would bring air bubbling (冒泡) to the surface. ____26____, the container the teacher gave Wilson to heat ____27____ held something more volatile (易挥发的) than water. When Wilson heated it, the container ___28___, leaving Wilson blinded in both eyes.When Wilson returned home from hospital two months later, his parents ____29____ to find a way to deal with the catastrophe that had ______30______ their lives. But Wilson did not regard the accident as ______31______. He learned braille (盲文) quickly and continued his education at Worcester College for the Blind. There, he not only did well as a student but also became a(n)______32______ public speaker.Later, he worked in Africa, where many people suffered from ______33______ for lack of proper treatment. For him, it was one thing to _____34_____ his own fate of being blind and quite another to allow something to continue _____35_____ it could be fixed so easily. This moved him to action. And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the ______36______ Wilson made to preventing the ______37______.Wilson received several international ______38______ for his great contributions. He lost his sight but found a _____39_____. He proved that it’s not what happens to us that ______40______ our lives-it’s what we make of what happens.21. A. depends B. holds C. keeps D. reflects22. A. dilemmas B. accidents C. events D. steps23. A. way B. hope C. plan D. measure24. A. continually B. gradually C. gracefully D. completely25. A. direct B. show C. advocate D. declare26. A. Anyway B. Moreover C. Somehow D. Thus27. A. mistakenly B. casually C. amazingly D. clumsily28. A. erupted B. exploded C. emptied D. exposed29. A. deserved B. attempted C. cared D. agreed30. A. submitted to B. catered for C. impressed on D. happened to31. A. fantastic B. extraordinary C. impressive D. catastrophic32. A. accomplished B. crucial C. specific D. innocent33. A. deafness B. depression C. blindness D. speechlessness34. A. decide B. abandon C. control D. accept35. A. until B. when C. unless D. before36. A. opposition B. adjustments C. commitment D. limitations37. A. preventable B. potential C. spreadable D. influential38. A. scholarships B. rewards C. awards D. bonuses39. A. fortune B. recipe C. dream D. vision40. A. distinguishes B. determines C. claims D. limits第二节 语法填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Gu Ailing, ____41____ is born to an American father and a Chinese mother , decided to compete for China in the 2022 Winter Olympics in June,2019. Since then, the magical girl ____42____(attract) many people’s attention and has been expected to be the next super sports star in China.With the Winter Olympics ____43____ (go) on, it turns out that Gu Ailing did live up to the expectations and achieved good grades with two golds and one silver. At the same time, her ____44____ (academy) excellence is also known to the public.People say that Gu Ailing is ____45____ genius, but Gu says that talent accounted for “only one percent”of her wins, adding that her hard work is ____46____ really counts. While going to school in San Francisco, Gu could only practice on weekdays. She spent eight hours going to the ski hill and back, doing her homework on the way and making full use of her time ____47____ (practice) skiing.When it comes to the reason ____48____ ski-loving, Gu says that skiing gives her freedom and ____49____ (creative), especially when she ____50____ (perfect) controls her body and does tricks that others can’t do. Through telling her own stories, Gu hopes to encourage more Chinese girls to try skiing and other extreme sports.第三部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分)51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其正下面写出该加词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词正下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均限一词，请严格按照要求格式修改。2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Everyone needs help. Often there are some cases that we help ourselves indirect in helping others. Last month, Tom asked for me to help with his math. In order to help him, I go over the textbook again and again, and did lots of exercises. To his surprise, some difficult problems that I could not understand before worked out by myself. After a month, with my help, Tom made great progresses in math, too. Such a experience enabled me to realize that help others also does good to ourselves. So when others is in trouble, never hesitate to help them.第二节 书面表达(共25分)52. COVID-19的爆发改变了我们的生活，然而在防疫所带来的生活改变之中，有没有哪些是你希望继续保持的？请你以此为主题给校报专栏写一篇文章投稿。内容包括：1.疫情对我们生活的影响。2.哪些是我们想要保持的，要注意什么，比如卫生习惯等。3.保持良好心态，共同抗疫。注意：字数120左右，适当添加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：pandemic(流行病) lockdown period(隔离期间) personal hygiene(个人卫生)___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________