2021-2022学年广东省广州中学高一上学期开学考试英语试题（解析版）

这是一份2021-2022学年广东省广州中学高一上学期开学考试英语试题（解析版），共12页。试卷主要包含了5分，共10分）， B 6， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
广州中学2021-2022年高一上开学考一．阅读理解（每题2.5分，共10分）When I was 9, we packed up our home in Los Angeles and arrived at Heathrow, London on a gray January morning. Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me. Without my beloved beaches and endless blue—sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place. Until I made a discovery.Southbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center of British skateboarding, where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing .I loved it. I soon made friends with the local skaters. We spoke our own language. And my favorite: Safe. Safe meant cool. It meant hello. It meant don’t worry about it. Once, when trying a certain trick on the beam(横杆), I fell onto the stones, damaging a nerve in my hand, and Toby came over, helping me up: Safe, man. Safe. A few minutes later, when I landed the trick, my friends beat their boards loud, shouting: “ Safe! Safe! Safe!” And that’s what mattered—landing tricks, being a good skater.When I was 15, my family moved to Washington. I tried skateboarding there, but the locals were far less welcoming. Within a couple of years, I’d given it up.When I returned to London in 2004, I found myself wandering down to Southbank, spending hours there. I’ve traveled back several times since, most recently this past spring. The day was cold but clear: tourists and Londoners stopped to watch the skaters. Weaving(穿梭)among the kids who rushed by on their boards, I found my way to the beam. Then a rail—thin teenager, in a baggy white T—shirt, skidded(滑)up to the beam. He sat next to me. He seemed not to notice the man next to him. But soon I caught a few of his glances. “I was a local here 20 years ago,” I told him. Then, slowly, he began to nod his head. “Safe, man. Safe.”“Yeah,” I said. “Safe.”1. What can we learn about the author soon after he moved to London?A. He felt disappointed. B. He gave up his hobby.C. He liked the weather there. D. He had disagreements with his family.2. What do the underlined words “Safe! Safe! Safe!” probably mean?A. Be careful! B. Well done! C. No way! D. Don’t worry!3. Why did the author like to spend time in Southbank when he returned to London?A. To join the skateboarding. B. To make new friends.C. To learn more tricks. D. To relive his childhood days4. What message does the author seem to convey in the text?A. Children should learn a second language.B. Sport is necessary for children’s health.C. Children need a sense of belongingD. Seeing the world is a must for children.【答案】1. A    2. B    3. D    4. C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者自己的经历，起初搬到伦敦很不适应，但是由于找到了玩滑板的地方，结识了玩滑板的朋友，因此很好的适应了。作者回到伦敦之后，经常去之前玩滑板的地方寻找自己的回忆，在与一个玩滑板的孩子打招呼的时候，终于找到了自己久违的熟悉感。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me. Without my beloved beaches and endless blue -sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place.(除了我之外的家里人都很快适应这个城市，没有了我喜爱的沙滩和蓝天，我感到迷茫和无措)”可知，作者刚到伦敦的时候因为没有喜爱的沙滩，不能很好的融入到新的城市，感到很沮丧。故选A。【2题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线词前文“A few minutes later, when I landed the trick, my friends beat their boards loud, shouting: “ Safe! Safe! Safe!”(几分钟后，当我学会这个技巧时，我的朋友们敲着他们的板子大声喊道：“做得好！做得好！做得好！)”以及后文“And that’s what mattered—landing tricks, being a good skater. (那才是真正重要的——滑板的落地技巧掌握了才是一名好的滑板玩家)”可知，作者掌握了滑板落地技巧，因此他的朋友大声欢呼，因此可以推出本句的Safe是赞美的含义。故选B。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段““I was a local here 20 years ago,” I told him. Then, slowly, he began to nod his head. “Safe, man. Safe.”(我告诉他：“我20年前经常在这里玩滑板，”他缓慢地开始向我点头：“嗨，你好!”)”可推知，作者去Southbank这个地方是为了寻找自己玩滑板的回忆。故选D。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me. Without my beloved beaches and endless blue—sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place. Until I made a discovery.(除了我之外的家里人都很快适应这个城市，没有了我喜爱的沙滩和蓝天，我感到迷茫和无措。直到我有了一个发现)”以及文章第二段“Southbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center of British skateboarding, where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing .I loved it. I soon made friends with the local skaters.(泰晤士河东段的南岸，是英国滑板运动的中心，在那里，滑板不断的碰撞声让你的脑袋嗡嗡作响。我喜欢那里。我很快就和当地的滑板手交了朋友)”及文章倒数第二段“When I was 15, my family moved to Washington. I tried skateboarding there, but the locals were far less welcoming. Within a couple of years, I’d given it up.(我15岁时，我全家搬到了华盛顿。我试着在那里玩滑板，但当地人远不那么热情。几年之内，我就放弃了)”以及文章最后一段“When I returned to London in 2004, I found myself wandering down to Southbank, spending hours there. I’ve traveled back several times since, most recently this past spring.(当我2004年回到伦敦时，我发现自己在南岸闲逛，在那里呆了几个小时。从那以后，我已经回去好几次了，最近一次是今年春天)”可知，作者起初搬到伦敦很不适应，但是由于找到了玩滑板的地方，结识了玩滑板的朋友，因此很好的适应了。但是搬去华盛顿，因为没有遇到很好的玩滑板的朋友，几年之后就不再玩滑板，作者回到伦敦之后，经常去之前玩滑板的地方寻找自己的回忆，在于一个孩子打招呼的时候，终于找到了自己久违的回忆。通过作者的经历，作者要表达的是，归属感对于孩子是很重要的。故选C。 二．7选5（每题2.5分，共12.5分)According to Jessica Hagy, author of How to Be Interesting, it’s not difficult to make yourself interesting at a dinner party. ___5___, if you’re out of your comfort zone or if you’re wandering into somebody’s house for the first time. So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous, trying different foods and talking to strangers. People love to talk about themselves. If you can start the conversation with a question other than “What do you do for a living?” you’ll be able to get a lot more interesting conversation out of whomever it is you’re talking to. ___6___, it can bring in “I have this old, broken-down vehicle” or “I rode the bus with these crazy people who were laughing at silly jokes in the back.” It just opens up conversation. ___7___? If you can’t take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox (讲台). If you’re the host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation.___8___.And what about that other dinner-party killer: awkward silence? If you’re faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment (赞扬). ___9___. Just quickly turn around and say, “This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.”So being interesting at a dinner party isn’t that hardA. How do you know the hostB. The first step is to go exploringC. If you ask the question “How did you get here?”D. Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangersE. Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to sayF. What about that person who had too much to drink or won’t stop talkingG. He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most【答案】5. B    6. C    7. F    8. E    9. G【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在晚宴上让自己表现得有趣的一些方法。【5题详解】上文“it’s not difficult to make yourself interesting at a dinner party (在晚宴上让自己变得有趣并不难)”说明晚宴上让自己变得有趣是不太困难的，以及下文“So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous, trying different foods and talking to strangers. (所以最主要的事情就是去尝试，去冒险，尝试不同的食物，和陌生人交谈)”说明在晚宴上让自己变得有趣的方法，B项“第一步是去探索”承上启下，符合题意。故选B项。【6题详解】下文“it can bring in “I have this old, broken-down vehicle” or “I rode the bus with these crazy people who were laughing at silly jokes in the back.” It just opens up conversation. (它可以引入“我有这辆破旧的车”或“我和那些在后面嘲笑愚蠢笑话的疯子一起乘坐公共汽车。”它只是开启了对话)”说明得到回答，开启对话，C项“如果你问问题“你是怎么到达这里的？”提出问题，引出下文，符合题意。故选C项。【7题详解】下文“If you can’t take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox. (如果你不能拿走他们的酒，你当然应该让他们离开讲话的地方)”说明要采取方法，拿走他们的酒或者让他们离开讲话的地方，F项“喝太多酒或一直说个不停的人怎么办”提出问题，引出下文的解决办法，符合题意。故选F项。【8题详解】上文“If you can’t take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox (讲台). If you’re the host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation. (如果你不能拿走他们的酒，你当然应该让他们离开讲话的地方。如果你是主人，你可以让他们到厨房帮你做点什么，只是为了让他们从那种情景中离开)”说明面对喝太多酒或者一直说个不停的人时，可以采取的方法，E项“或者把谈话变成他们没什么可说的话题”提出另一种解决办法，承接上文，符合题意。故选E项。【9题详解】上文“If you’re faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment.(如果你在晚宴上遭遇了尴尬的沉默，唯一能让大家再次交谈的方法就是赞美主人)”说明赞美主人可以缓解尴尬的沉默，以及下文“This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.(这蛋糕特别好吃，你得告诉我它的一切)”说明对主人进行赞美的具体做法，G项中He or she 指代上文中的主人，G项“他或她是最能感受到那种尴尬的人”承上启下，符合题意。故选G项 三．完形填空（每题1分，共20分）My mother is 92. Unless I have to be out of town, each week I take my mother to do her ___10___ and visit the doctor, providing ___11___ and transportation. During the week, however, she likes to go to a nearby store to ___12___ some small things she needs. Last week she walked up to the store, but when she went to pay for her groceries, she was ___13___ about three dollars. The only ___14___ to pay for the groceries was to take off the ___15___ she could do without: a bottle of rubbing alcohol (医用酒精) and a bar of soap. By taking off these, she was able to ___16___ the new total to the amount of cash she had with her. At this store, people ___17___ and then go off to the side to ___18___ their own groceries. My mother was putting her groceries into shopping bags when a ____19____ came up to her and said, “Here are the things that you ____20____ .” handing her the rubbing alcohol and the ____21____ . My mother, who is never speechless, was speechless. She ____22____ for the woman’s name and address so that she could ____23____ her. The woman told her it was her ____24____ .My mother was so ____25____ by her gesture that she decided to go back to the store and give the cashier (收银员) a five-dollar bill to keep on hand ____26____ the same happened to someone else if they didn’t have enough ____27____ for all of their groceries. So, whoever you are, thank you for the random act of ____28____ that not only helped my mother out, but ____29____ too.10. A. exercise B. housework C. cooking D. shopping11. A. reward B. medicine C. company D. shelter12. A. return B. collet C. order D. buy13 A. short B. cautious C. wrong D. concerned14. A. aim B. way C. advice D. reason15. A. weight B. things C. mask D. glasses16. A. raise B. add C. bring D. switch17. A. show up B. call in C. check out D. sit down18. A. store B. select C. deliver D. bag19. A. stranger B. cashier C. friend D. doctor20. A. looked for B. talked about C. threw away D. put back21. A. receipt B. soap C. cash D. bottle22. A. asked B. waited C. cared D. searched23. A. repay B. trust C. recognize D. help24 A. luck B. chance C. gift D. turn25. A. surprised B. amused C. touched D. convinced26. A. in case B. even if C. as though D. so that27. A. energy B. money C. space D. time28. A. faith B. courage C. kindness D. honor29. A. made her day B. changed her mind C. caught her eye D. met her demand【答案】10. D    11. C    12. D    13. A    14. B    15. B    16. C    17. C    18. D    19. A    20. D    21. B    22. A    23. A    24. C    25. C    26. A    27. B    28. C    29. A【解析】【导语】本文为记叙文。文章讲述了作者年迈的母亲在超市购物时，得到陌生人帮助的故事。【10题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：除非我必须出城，否则每周我会带母亲去购物，看医生，提供陪伴和交通工具。A. exercise锻炼；B. housework家务活；C. cooking烹饪；D. shopping购物。根据上文中“My mother is 92”和下一句中的“go to a nearby store”可知，作者母亲年纪大，每周作者带着母亲去“购物”。故选D。【11题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：除非我必须出城，否则每周我会带母亲去购物，看医生，提供陪伴和交通工具。A. reward报酬，酬谢；B. medicine药；C. company陪伴；D. shelter遮蔽，庇护。根据前文“My mother is 92. Unless I have to be out of town, each weekI take my mother to do her shopping and visit the doctor”可知，作者“陪同”上了年纪的母亲去购物，看医生。故选C。【12题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，在这一周里，母亲喜欢去附近的一个商店买她需要的一些小东西。A. return返回；B. collect收集；C. order订购；D. buy买。根据上文的“she likes to go to a nearby store”和下文中的“small things she needs”可知，作者母亲去一家附近的商店去“买”她所需要的一些小东西。故选D。【13题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：上周她走进商店，当她去付款的时候，她缺了大约3美元。A. short缺少的；B. cautious谨慎的；C. wrong错误的；D. concerned关心的。根据下文中的“The only 5 to pay for the groceries was to take off the 6 she could do without…”可知，作者的母亲想要支付这些东西的唯一方式就是把可以不买的医用酒精和肥皂放下。由此推知，作者的母亲带的现金不够。故选A。【14题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：支付这些东西的唯一“方式”就是把可以不买的医用酒精和肥皂放下。A. aim目标；B. way方法，方式；C. advice建议；D. reason原因。结合上题解析可知，作者的母亲带的现金不够，所以把可以不买的医用酒精和肥皂放下是她能够支付这些东西的唯一“方式”。故选B。【15题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：支付这些东西的唯一“方式”就是把可以不买的医用酒精和肥皂放下。A. weight重量；B. things东西；C. mask口罩；D. glasses眼镜。根据下文中的“a bottle of rubbing alcohol and a bar of soap”可知，医用酒精和肥皂是作者母亲暂时可以不买的“东西”。故选B。【16题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过拿掉这些东西，她最终能够使现在的商品总值达到了她所带的现金金额范围。A. raise提高；B. add添加；C. bring使……处于某种状况，使……到某地；D. switch转变。根据上文可知，母亲拿掉了一些东西才能够使得现在的商品总值达到了她所带的现金金额。bring sth. to sth.表示“使……处于某种状况”，符合语境。该处指“使商品总值达到母亲所带金额范围之内”。故选C。【17题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在这家商店里，人们先结账，然后到一边去把他们买的东西装到袋子里。A. show up出现，露面；B. call in叫……来，拜访；C. check out结账离开；D. sit down坐下。根据空后的“then go off to the side”可知，在这家商店里，人们先结账，然后到一边去。故选C。【18题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这家商店里，人们先结账，然后到一边去把他们买的东西装到袋子里。A. store贮藏；B. select挑选；C. deliver递送；D. bag把……装进袋子。根据下一句中的“putting her groceries into shopping bags”可知，在这间店里，人们结完账之后，然后走到一边，将所购之物装进购物袋。故选D。【19题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的母亲正在把买的东西放进袋子里，这时候突然一个陌生人走过来，说“这是你放回去的东西”，并递给她医用酒精和肥皂。A. stranger陌生人；B. cashier收银员；C. friend朋友；D. doctor医生。根据下文中的“She _13__ for the woman’s name and address”可知，这个女人对作者的母亲而言是个陌生人，所以作者母亲要她的姓名和地址。故选A。【20题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的母亲正在把买的东西放进袋子里，这时候突然一个陌生人走过来，说“这是你放回去的东西”，并递给她医用酒精和肥皂。A. look for寻找；B. talk about谈论；C. throw away扔掉；D. put back放回。根据上一段的“…take off the _6__ she could do without: a bottle of rubbing alcohol (医用酒精) and a bar of soap. By taking off these…”可知，由于缺大约3美元，作者母亲将医用酒精和肥皂拿出来，放回到货架上。故选D。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的母亲正在把买的东西放进袋子里，这时候突然一个陌生人走过来，说“这是你放回去的东西”，并递给她医用酒精和肥皂。A. receipt收据；B. soap肥皂；C. cash现金；D. bottle瓶子。根据上文中的“…take off the _6__ she could do without：a bottle of rubbing alcohol (医用酒精)  and a bar of soap.  By taking off these…”可知，作者母亲放回去的有医用酒精和一块肥皂。现在陌生人帮作者母亲又把这些东西买了下来。故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她要这个女人的姓名和地址以便她可以报答她。A. asked询问；B. waited等待；C. cared在乎；D. searched搜索。根据上文可知，陌生女人帮助了作者母亲，所以作者母亲想要对方的姓名和住址以便报答对方的帮助。故选A。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她要这个女人的姓名和地址以便她可以报答她。A. repay报答；B. trust信任；C. recognize认出；D. help帮助。根据上文可知，陌生女人帮助了作者母亲，所以作者母亲询问对方的姓名和住址，这样就可以报答对方了。故选A。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个女人告诉她这是她的礼物。A. luck运气；B. chance机会；C. gift礼物；D. turn（依次轮到的）机会。根据下一句中的“She was so _16__ by her gesture that …”可知，这个女人的行为感动了作者母亲，可得出这个女人并没有告诉作者母亲她的姓名地址，并不期望作者母亲的报答。所以这是她给母亲的“礼物”。故选C。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的母亲如此感动以至于她决定回到那家商店给收银员5美元的钞票，以防同样的事情（即：没有足够的钱支付所购买的东西）发生在其他人身上。A. surprised惊讶的；B. amused被逗乐的；C. touched受到触动的，感动的；D. convinced相信的。陌生女人的无私帮助感动了母亲。故选C。【26题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：她决定回到商店，给收银员一张5美元的钞票，以防同样的事情（即：没有足够的钱支付所购买的东西）发生在其他人身上。A. in case以防，万一；B. even if即使；C. as though好像；D. so that以便，结果……。如果其他人遇到没有足够的钱支付所购买的东西时，母亲的五美元钞票可以提供一些帮助。所以母亲给收银员一张5美元的钞票，就是以防同样情况的发生。故选A。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她决定回到商店，给收银员一张5美元的钞票，以防同样的事情（即：没有足够的钱支付所购买的东西）发生在其他人身上。A. energy能量，精力；B. money钱；C. space地方，空间；D. time时间。根据上文中的“a five-dollar bill”可知，作者母亲给收银员一张5美元的钞票，以防有人没有足够的“钱”来支付他们所购买的东西。故选B。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：不管你是谁，都要谢谢你善意的行为，这种行为不仅帮助了我的母亲，而且使她很开心。A. faith信任，信念；B. courage勇气；C. kindness善良；D. honor荣誉。陌生女人帮助母亲，这是一种“善意的”行为。故选C。【29题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：不管你是谁，都要谢谢你善意的行为，这种行为不仅帮助了我的母亲，而且使她很开心。A. make one’s day使某人开心；B. change one’s mind改变主意；C. catch one’s eye吸引某人的注意力；D. meet one’s demand满足某人的要求。得到帮助，作者母亲心情愉悦，十分开心。故选A。 四．语法填空（每空1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles’ song “The Long and Winding Road”. ____30____ is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we ____31____ (human) are.The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will ____32____(undoubted) help you get refreshed! The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the ____33____ (hot) the spring! Strange, isn’t it? But that’s how nature is — always leaving us ____34____ (astonish).What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can’t help wondering how hard it ____35____ (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place. Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure ____36____offers a place where you can sit down to rest your ____37____ (ache) legs.As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in the visitor’s memory. It sure does in ____38____ (I). While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is _____39_____ must to visit!【答案】30. What    31. humans    32. undoubtedly    33. hotter    34. astonished    35. was    36. and    37. aching    38. mine    39. a【解析】【分析】本文属于说明文。文章介绍黄山的三种代表性的事物——云海，温泉以及台阶。【30题详解】考查主语从句。句意：这次经历的惊人之处在于这世界之外的景色。此处是主语从句，从句缺乏主语，应用what引导，指代“经历的事情”。故填What。【31题详解】考查名词复数。句意：当你站在黄山山顶看见波涛汹涌般的云海，你会想到我们人类是多么的渺小。human是we的同位语，we为复数，应用human的复数形式。故填humans。【32题详解】考查副词。句意：它无疑会帮助你恢复精神！此处修饰动词help，应用副词undoubtedly“毫无疑问地”。故填undoubtedly。【33题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：关于黄山温泉让人惊讶的是，气温越低，温泉越暖和！此处是固定结构“the +比较级，the+比较级”，意为“越……，越……”。故填hotter。【34题详解】考查形容词。句意：但大自然就是这样——总是让我们惊讶。此处是“leave +宾语+宾语补足语”，补充说明宾语us的感受，应用-ed结尾形容词astonished，表示人的感受“感到震惊的”。故填astonished。【35题详解】考查动词时态。句意：你不禁会想，对当时的人们来说，把这些石头都安置好有多难。分析句子可知，“how hard it   61   (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place”作wonder的宾语，it是从句的形式主语，不定式为真正主语，谓语动词用单数形式，“安置台阶的石头”是过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填was。【36题详解】考查连词。句意：虽然在上山的路上，这是唯一不自然的事情，但它仍然突出了整个冒险，并且提供了一个你可以坐下来休息你疼痛的双腿的地方。分析句子可知，“highlights the whole adventure”与“offers a place”部分为并列关系，都是作it的谓语，应用并列连词and。故填and。
 【37题详解】考查形容词。句意：虽然在上山的路上，这是唯一不自然的事情，但它仍然突出了整个冒险，并且提供了一个你可以坐下来休息你疼痛的双腿的地方。分析句子及语境可知，此处应用形容词aching“疼痛的”，修饰名词legs，意为“疼痛的双腿”。故填aching。【38题详解】考查代词。句意：正如歌中所唱，这条漫长而曲折的道路“永远不会消失”，它将永远留在游客的记忆中。对我来说确实如此。根据前一句“it will always stick in the visitor's memory”可知，本句的does替代前一句的stick，本句缺乏宾语，应用名词性物主代词mine，指代my memory。故填mine。【39题详解】考查冠词。句意：当你在中国的时候，黄山是一个你一定要去的地方。must作名词时，意为“绝对必要的事物”，为可数名词，此处泛指“一个必须去的地方”，应用不定冠词，must是以辅音音素开头的词，应用a。故填a。