2021-2022学年黑龙江省佳木斯市汤原高级中学高一上学期期末英语试卷（Word版含答案）

这是一份2021-2022学年黑龙江省佳木斯市汤原高级中学高一上学期期末英语试卷（Word版含答案），共36页。试卷主要包含了5分）第一节中，选出最佳选项，5分，满分12，5分，满分15分），0分）第一节，你的看法及理由等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2021-2022学年高一上学期期末英语试卷（解析版）
第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分37.5分）第一节（共15题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从所给 的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项
1．（7.5分）The Fennec fox is also known as the desert fox since it survives in the Sahara Desert（撒哈拉沙漠）.It is the smallest of the species of foxes，and quite a few people wish to raise it as a pet because of its appearance.However，this is very rare，as it needs special care and attention.Let's take a look at the basic information on the Fennec fox，including its physical appearance，natural habitat and diet.
Physical Appearance
The Fennec fox is the smallest type of fox，with a body length of about 9.5—16 inches，and 6﹣inch﹣long ears.It weighs only around one kilogram.It has a cream﹣colored furry body with a black﹣tipped tail.
Their ears are the largest among all foxes relative to the body size，which not only provide them with great hearing，but also radiate the extreme desert heat and thus help to keep the body cool.Moreover，in order to walk on the hot sand，a Fennec fox's feet are covered with thick fur.Besides that，the feet also help in digging，as this animal lives under the ground.
Habitat and Lifestyle
The habitat of this animal is mainly in the Sahara Desert，and also in other parts of North Africa.The Fennec fox is usually active during the night.This character helps it deal successfully with the extreme heat in the desert.
As an extremely social animal，it often lives in groups of ten and each group has its own land.This animal is，however，aggressive too，ready to attack，especially in the mating（交配） season，when they all compete with each other for a mate.
Diet
The Fennec fox is an omnivore（杂食动物）.While it can survive on plants，it also needs other items such as insects，rabbits，birds and eggs.Getting used to living in the desert allows it to survive for long periods without any water.They take in water when eating food，and they will drink water if available.

（1）The reason why quite a few people wish to raise the Fennec fox is that it 　 　.
A.has small body size
B.has great hearing
C.gets active at night
D.has special appearance
（2）The underlined word "radiate"（paragraph 3）is closest in meaning to " 　 　".
A.release
B.measure
C.survive
D.seek
（3）What can we infer about the Fennec fox？ 　 　
A.It's the smallest animal in the desert.
B.It's not easy to raise it as a pet.
C.It can survive without any water.
D.It seldom attacks others.
2．（10分）There are many gardening tips．Some suggest playing music for your houseplants，having conversations with them，or even giving them a gentle touch now and then．Most of these practices are probably more for the benefit of the gardener than the garden，and generally harmless enough but except the last one．Your plants really dislike it when you touch them．
A new study out of the La Trobe Institute for Agriculture and Food has found that most plants are extremely sensitive to touch，and even a light touch can significantly stunt（阻碍） their growth． "The lightest touch from a human，animal，insect，or even plants touching each other in the wind，can cause a huge gene response in the plant，" Jim Whelan，who led the new study，said． "Within 30 minutes of being touched，10% of the plant's genome（基因组） is changed．This involves a huge expenditure（消耗）of energy which is taken away from plant growth．If the touching is repeated，then plant growth is reduced by up to 30%．"
Whelan and his team are still trying to find out why plants respond，at the genetic level，so strongly．They do have some theories，however．We know that when an insect lands on a plant，genes are activated（激活） preparing the plant to defend itself against being eaten，" said Dr．Yan Wang，co﹣author of the study．
Until more research is done，it's just a guess at this point．Still，the findings might already lead to new methods for how agriculturalists deal with their crops，to best promote healthier growth．
It's worth noticing that while the study found that plants often respond to just a single touch in negative ways，it's really repeated touching that causes lasting stunted growth．That's because the plants are looking for patterns in the touching，to tell harmful touch from random touch．So it doesn't matter if you accidently brush up against a bush during a walk through the woods．

（1）How is the passage mainly developed？ 　 　
A．By comparing
B．By giving examples
C．By listing numbers
D．By showing results of studies
（2）Why can touching stunt a plant growing according to the study？ 　 　
A．It leads to the plant's energy expenditure．
B．It makes the plant sensitive to threats．
C．It causes a genetic disorder in the plant．
D．It prevents the plant absorbing nutrients．
（3）What's the importance of the study by Whelan and his team？ 　 　
A．It gives us more useful gardening tips．
B．It helps find ways to ensure plants' healthy growth．
C．It contributes to the further study on genes．
D．It uses data to warn people not to touch plants．
（4）What is the passage mainly about？ 　 　
A．Something is done to help plants grow．
B．Plants' genome can be changed easily．
C．Plants don't really like to be touched．
D．What we do every day may destroy plants．
3．（10分）My school appeared on the news last week because we had made an important change in our local area.Our class had planted a large garden in what was once only a vacant lot.It was a lot of work but it was all worth it.I got blisters（水泡） from digging，and we all got insect bites，too.
I learned a lot about gardening and collaboration（合作），and then I learned about the media.Our teacher telephoned the TV station and informed them of what we had accomplished.She spoke with the producer.The producer checked with the directors，but they said there were plenty of stories similar to ours.They wanted to know what was special about our particular garden，since many schools plant them.
The teacher explained that，after going on the Internet to learn about the prairie（大草原），we had made a prairie garden.We had gone to a prairie and gotten seeds from the plants，and then we planted them.We did not water the garden，but we did weed it.We decided to let nature water it with rain，since that was how prairies grew in the past.We sent a picture of the garden to the news station.In the picture，the grass was so high that it stood taller than the fourth grade students.
As a result，the producer sent a reporter to our school.He interviewed the headmaster and asked him many questions about the garden.After that，they interviewed us，and we explained to them what we had learned through this project.
That night，we watched the news，and there we were.The news reporter told our story.It was only two minutes long，but it was us.We were famous.All that work，all those blisters，it was worth it.We knew that when we saw the garden every day，but now we knew that the whole city thought so，too.

（1）What seemed to be the TV directors' initial（最初的） reaction to the garden？ 　 　
A.They were excited.
B.They were surprised.
C.They were worried.
D.They were uninterested.
（2）What is special about the garden？ 　 　
A.Weeds were allowed to spread naturally.
B.The grass grew faster than common grass.
C.The seeds came from the plants of a prairie.
D.Underground water was used for the plants.
（3）What does the underlined word "that" refer to in the last paragraph？ 　 　
A.We got blisters on our hands.
B.Our hard work was worthwhile.
C.The garden would be famous.
D.The project would be finished.
（4）How did the author feel about the project？ 　 　
A.Annoyed.
B.Curious.
C.Proud.
D.Regretful.
4．（10分）Your teenage best friend could be good for your long﹣term mental health，according to a new study published in the journal Child Development.According to the findings，teenagers aged 15 to 16 who had a close friendship rather than a larger group of friends they were less close to had a greater sense of self﹣worth by the time they were 25 years old.Those people with a very close best friend were also less likely to experience social anxiety，the study found.
A past research has suggested that teen friendships are important.Friendships during the teenage years predict academic success and improved mental health.But the new research further explores the type of friendships teenagers have.
Many study participants did not continue to have a close relationship with their high﹣school best friend，leading the researchers to wonder what exactly was responsible for the mental health benefits.They thought that the skills and ability to build such a friendship may be more important than the friendship itself.
And as the researchers point out，those skills are not necessarily brought to bear in the world of social media. "As technology makes it increasingly easy to build a social network of shallow friends，focusing time and attention on developing close connections with a few individuals should be a priority，" one of the researchers，Joseph Allen，said in a statement.

（1）What is the benefit of having a close teenage friendship？ 　 　
A.Good performance in high school.
B.Mental health by early adulthood.
C.A large social network in the future.
D.A greater sense of self﹣worth all the time.
（2）What can we learn about the past research？ 　 　
A.It attached importance to teen friendships.
B.It explored the types of teenage friendships.
C.It helped improve teenagers' mental health.
D.It was totally different from the new research.
（3）What did the researchers think might lead to the mental health benefits？ 　 　
A.Having many best friends in high school.
B.Knowing how to build a close friendship.
C.Understanding the world of social media.
D.Studying hard and getting good grades at school.
（4）What did the researcher Joseph Allen suggest？ 　 　
A.Widening your social circle.
B.Learning to use social media.
C.Concentrating on high﹣quality friendship.
D.Improving the basic skills of making friends.
第二节（共1小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余
5．（12.5分）
How to Exercise
Exercise is a key part of staying healthy，but figuring out how to get more active can be tough.（1）　 　 Always listen to your body's limits，and ask your doctor for advice in case of any medical issues.Importantly，create an exercise routine.
（2）　 　When you warm up，target the muscles you plan on exercising，but use less intense movements.For instance，walk for 5 to 10 minutes before jogging or doing a lower body workout.
Try to get 30 minutes of aerobic exercise per day.As a rule of thumb，you should get at least 30 minutes of moderately intense aerobic exercise daily.Examples include going for brisk walks and a jog，running，cycling and swimming.
Include strength training at least 2 days per week.Strength training involves using free weights，resistance bands，or your own body weight to strengthen your muscles.For starters，try doing upper and lower body workouts 1 day a week. （3）　 　
Mix up your routine to keep things interesting.（4）　 　That can motivate you to stay on track.Additionally，switching your workouts will exercise your entire body and help prevent injury.
Walk for 5 to 10 minutes and stretch to cool down.（5）　 　 Cool down by walking for 5 to 10 minutes and stretching the muscles your workout targets.

A.If you're not used to physical activity，start slow.
B.Change your schedule slightly to your own level.
C.Warm up for at least 5 to 10 minutes before exercising.
D.Varying your activities can help keep you from getting bored.
E.Then gradually include 3 to 4 strength training days in the weekly routine.
F.You can do strength training at home or use resistance machines at a local gym.
G.You need gentler exercises to ease your body from working hard to being at rest.
第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共1小题，每小题30分，满分30分）
6．（30分）December 24 arrived along with a heavy snow.It was my first Christmas Eve without mother and the day's usual （1）　 　 had disappeared.
The telephone rang.I （2）　 　it and went to my bedroom to bury the continuous （3）　 　 ，knowing it must be my friend Rebecca calling.How could I be （4）　 　 ？I wanted to be left alone.
My heart felt as （5）　 　 as the falling snow.How can I stop missing my mother？
I （6）　 　 the window.Seeing Rebecca's car parked out front，I went back to bed and drew the covers over my head.
"Lucy!" she shouted. "I know you're in there.Answer the door!"
"Leave me alone !" I （7）　 　 back.I heard paper rustling（沙沙作响） as she slid something under the door.
"Merry Christmas，" she called out.
Not answering the （8）　 　 made me feel even worse.It wasn't fair to my best friend.Her father and sister （9）　 　 in a car accident when she was eight years old. （10）　 　 ，her mother had to return to （11）　 　 ，and Rebecca was left to look after herself.
When she left，I carried the small package，sat down and （12）　 　 it.Inside was a gold pen and a journal.When I opened the journal's front cover，out fell a bookmark with a（n） （13）　 　 written on it：
Dear Lucy，
My words won't heal（治愈） the （14）　 　 .But your own words can.
Love，
Rebecca
As I stared at the journal's blank pages，a single tear fell on the page which quickly absorbed it.
That night，I （15）　 　 the phone and called her. "It looks like the snow is melting（融化），" I said. "Spring is just around the corner."

（1）A.excitement
B.disappointment
C.fright
D.pity
（2）A.answered
B.covered
C.picked
D.ignored
（3）A.pleasure
B.sadness
C.puzzle
D.interest
（4）A.regretful
B.joyful
C.comfortable
D.careful
（5）A.light
B.white
C.clear
D.heavy
（6）A.looked through
B.looked into
C.looked out
D.looked up
（7）A.brought
B.shouted
C.took
D.turned
（8）A.door
B.question
C.letter
D.phone
（9）A.survived
B.escaped
C.lived
D.died
（10）A.As a result
B.Above all
C.After all
D.In general
（11）A.work
B.wash
C.repair
D.learn
（12）A.closed
B.folded
C.opened
D.painted
（13）A.article
B.poem
C.notice
D.message
（14）A.failure
B.pain
C.wish
D.shame
（15）A.pushed back
B.picked out
C.picked up
D.put away
第二节　语法填空（共1小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
7．（15分）The Lantern Festival，falling in the first Chinese lunar month，is an important and traditional festival（1）　 　（celebrate） by people nationwide.It is the first time that people （2）　 　 （see） the full moon in the lunar year.In ancient China，night is called Xiao and the first lunar month is called Yuan month，so this festival is also called the Yuanxiao Festival in China.It marks the end of the celebration of the Spring Festival and is also the first major festival for people （3）　 　 （observe） after Chinese New Year.
Like the Spring Festival，on the Lantern Festival，all the family members go home （4）　 　 a reunion.In the evening，people usually watch beautiful lanterns，guess interesting and （5）　 　 （challenge） lantern riddles and perform wonderful dragon dances.In （6）　 　 （add），it is a custom for people to eat yuanxiao，a kind of sweet dumpling， （7）　 　 is round balls made of glutinous rice flour with（8）　 　 （vary） of fillings inside.In some places people sometimes put a coin into a certain one when making sweet dumplings.It is believed that the one who （9）　 　 （happen） to find and eat the sweet dumpling with a coin in（10）　 　 will have good luck for the whole year.
第三部分：单词填空（共两节，满分15.0分）第一节：单词拼写（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15.0分）
8．（1.5分）She 　 　（敢于） not breathe a word of it to anybody yesterday.
9．（1.5分）Depending on their　 　 （专业的）knowledge， they quickly put out the fire， which made all of us cheer up.
10．（1.5分）I think that a 　 　（消极的） attitude will have a bad effect on learning.
11．（1.5分）The driver 　 　（忽略）the warning sign and didn't stop the bus.
12．（1.5分）We must m 　 　 the length and width of the room to get the exact size of it.
13．（1.5分）He looked at his own i 　 　 reflected in the water.
14．（1.5分）Having collected all the necessary 　 　（材料），he began to write his report.
15．（1.5分）It is said that yoga is of great 　 　 （好处） to human health.
16．（1.5分）The tall walls are to　 　（阻止）the lions from escaping from the zoo．
17．（1.5分）People realised that the supply of coal and gas would not last f 　 　.
第二节：单句语法填空（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）
18．（1分）It 　 　 have rained last night，for the ground is wet.
19．（1分）The government desired that some measures be taken to help the people 　 　（trap） in the mine.
20．（1分）This morning，Jenny was praised by our English teacher because of her good 　 　 （perform） in the English competition.
21．（1分）The author is likely 　 　（contact） the organization for more information.
22．（1分）China 　 　（create） COVID﹣19 vaccine successfully so far.
23．（1分）This is the day 　 　 the family are looking forward to.
24．（1分）She wore a red coat in the station in order to make her 　 　 （recognise） by her son easily.
25．（1分）Even though that surgery was 　 　（terrify），it was good for my health.
26．（1分）He is a man of great experience，from 　 　 much can be learned.
27．（1分）It was not until the authority approved it 　 　 the cinema could show it. （用适当的词填空）
28．（1分）My mother doesn't like dogs，and that's 　 　she was once bitten by one.
29．（1分）Eye doctors recommend that a child's first eye exam 　 　（be） at the age of six months old．
30．（1分）With much work 　 　（handle），the director couldn't spare much time to accompany his children.
31．（1分）Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it　 　（happen） yesterday．
32．（1分）She sat there，reflecting 　 　 how much had changed since she bought the farm.
第四部分：写作（满分25分）
33．（25分）如今越来越多的人关注住房问题。有人喜欢住在传统的房子里，有人喜欢住在公寓里，请你以 "Live in a traditional house or live in an apartment"为题，按照下列要点写一篇短文。
1.住在传统的房子里：可以在院子里种花、树，可以养宠物，可以在院子里锻炼身体；
2.住在公寓里：干净，安全，离工作地方近；
3.你的看法及理由。注意：1.词数：80左右；2.文章题目和开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Live in a traditional house or live in an apartment
Nowadays，more and more people pay more attention to their lives.
______

参考答案与试题解析
第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分37.5分）第一节（共15题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从所给 的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项
1．（7.5分）The Fennec fox is also known as the desert fox since it survives in the Sahara Desert（撒哈拉沙漠）.It is the smallest of the species of foxes，and quite a few people wish to raise it as a pet because of its appearance.However，this is very rare，as it needs special care and attention.Let's take a look at the basic information on the Fennec fox，including its physical appearance，natural habitat and diet.
Physical Appearance
The Fennec fox is the smallest type of fox，with a body length of about 9.5—16 inches，and 6﹣inch﹣long ears.It weighs only around one kilogram.It has a cream﹣colored furry body with a black﹣tipped tail.
Their ears are the largest among all foxes relative to the body size，which not only provide them with great hearing，but also radiate the extreme desert heat and thus help to keep the body cool.Moreover，in order to walk on the hot sand，a Fennec fox's feet are covered with thick fur.Besides that，the feet also help in digging，as this animal lives under the ground.
Habitat and Lifestyle
The habitat of this animal is mainly in the Sahara Desert，and also in other parts of North Africa.The Fennec fox is usually active during the night.This character helps it deal successfully with the extreme heat in the desert.
As an extremely social animal，it often lives in groups of ten and each group has its own land.This animal is，however，aggressive too，ready to attack，especially in the mating（交配） season，when they all compete with each other for a mate.
Diet
The Fennec fox is an omnivore（杂食动物）.While it can survive on plants，it also needs other items such as insects，rabbits，birds and eggs.Getting used to living in the desert allows it to survive for long periods without any water.They take in water when eating food，and they will drink water if available.

（1）The reason why quite a few people wish to raise the Fennec fox is that it 　D　.
A.has small body size
B.has great hearing
C.gets active at night
D.has special appearance
（2）The underlined word "radiate"（paragraph 3）is closest in meaning to " 　A　".
A.release
B.measure
C.survive
D.seek
（3）What can we infer about the Fennec fox？ 　B　
A.It's the smallest animal in the desert.
B.It's not easy to raise it as a pet.
C.It can survive without any water.
D.It seldom attacks others.
【分析】这是一篇说明文，主要讲述了耳廓狐的基本信息，包括它的外貌，自然栖息地和饮食。
【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据原文第一段It is the smallest of the species of foxes，and quite a few people wish to raise it as a pet because of its appearance.（它是一种最小的狐狸，相当多的人希望饲养它作为宠物，因为它的外观。）以及Physical Appearance（外表）部分中的The Fennec fox is the smallest type of fox，with a body length of about 9.5—16 inches，and 6﹣inch﹣long ears.It weighs only around one kilogram.It has a cream﹣colored furry body with a black﹣tipped tail.（耳廓狐是狐类中最小的一种，体长约9.5﹣16英寸，耳朵长6英寸。它的重量只有一公斤左右。它有奶油色的毛茸茸的身体和黑色的尾巴。）可知不少人希望饲养耳廓狐，因为它有特殊的外形。故选D。
（2）词义猜测题。根据原文Physical Appearance（外表）部分中的Their ears are the largest among all foxes relative to the body size，which not only provide them with great hearing，but also radiate the extreme desert heat and thus help to keep the body cool.（它们的耳朵是所有狐狸中相对体型最大的，这不仅为它们提供了良好的听力，而且还能_____沙漠中的极端热量，从而有助于保持身体凉爽。）可知划线词意思是"释放"。A.release释放；B.measure测量；C.survive幸存；D.seek寻找。故选A。
（3）推理判断题。根据原文第一段It is the smallest of the species of foxes，and quite a few people wish to raise it as a pet because of its appearance.However，this is very rare，as it needs special care and attention.（它是一种最小的狐狸，相当多的人希望饲养它作为宠物，因为它的外观。然而，这是非常罕见的，因为它需要特别的照顾和注意。）可知Fennec狐狸作为宠物饲养很困难。故选B。
【点评】阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。
2．（10分）There are many gardening tips．Some suggest playing music for your houseplants，having conversations with them，or even giving them a gentle touch now and then．Most of these practices are probably more for the benefit of the gardener than the garden，and generally harmless enough but except the last one．Your plants really dislike it when you touch them．
A new study out of the La Trobe Institute for Agriculture and Food has found that most plants are extremely sensitive to touch，and even a light touch can significantly stunt（阻碍） their growth． "The lightest touch from a human，animal，insect，or even plants touching each other in the wind，can cause a huge gene response in the plant，" Jim Whelan，who led the new study，said． "Within 30 minutes of being touched，10% of the plant's genome（基因组） is changed．This involves a huge expenditure（消耗）of energy which is taken away from plant growth．If the touching is repeated，then plant growth is reduced by up to 30%．"
Whelan and his team are still trying to find out why plants respond，at the genetic level，so strongly．They do have some theories，however．We know that when an insect lands on a plant，genes are activated（激活） preparing the plant to defend itself against being eaten，" said Dr．Yan Wang，co﹣author of the study．
Until more research is done，it's just a guess at this point．Still，the findings might already lead to new methods for how agriculturalists deal with their crops，to best promote healthier growth．
It's worth noticing that while the study found that plants often respond to just a single touch in negative ways，it's really repeated touching that causes lasting stunted growth．That's because the plants are looking for patterns in the touching，to tell harmful touch from random touch．So it doesn't matter if you accidently brush up against a bush during a walk through the woods．

（1）How is the passage mainly developed？ 　D　
A．By comparing
B．By giving examples
C．By listing numbers
D．By showing results of studies
（2）Why can touching stunt a plant growing according to the study？ 　A　
A．It leads to the plant's energy expenditure．
B．It makes the plant sensitive to threats．
C．It causes a genetic disorder in the plant．
D．It prevents the plant absorbing nutrients．
（3）What's the importance of the study by Whelan and his team？ 　B　
A．It gives us more useful gardening tips．
B．It helps find ways to ensure plants' healthy growth．
C．It contributes to the further study on genes．
D．It uses data to warn people not to touch plants．
（4）What is the passage mainly about？ 　C　
A．Something is done to help plants grow．
B．Plants' genome can be changed easily．
C．Plants don't really like to be touched．
D．What we do every day may destroy plants．
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了虽然我们平时很喜欢触摸植物，但是研究表明，植物真的不喜欢被触摸．
【解答】1．D 细节理解题．根据第二段"A new study out of the La Trobe Institute for Agriculture and Food has found that most plants are extremely sensitive to touch.拉特罗布农业和食品研究所的一项新研究发现，"，第三段"Whelan and his team are still trying to find out why plants respond，惠兰和他的团队仍在试图找出为什么植物在基因水平上的反应如此强烈．"以及第四段"Until more research is done，it's just a guess at this point．在做更多的研究之前，这只是一个猜测，"可知本文是展示研究成果来发展的．故选D．
2．A 细节理解题．根据地二段"This involves a huge expenditure（消耗）of energy which is taken away from plant growth．If the touching is repeated，then plant growth is reduced by up to 30%．"这涉及到从植物生长中带走的巨大能量消耗（能量消耗）．如果重复触碰，植物生长将减少30%．""可知触摸会消耗植物的能量．故选A．
3．B 细节理解题．根据第三段" Whelan and his team are still trying to find out why plants respond，at the genetic level，so strongly．惠兰和他的团队仍在试图找出为什么植物在基因水平上的反应如此强烈．"以及第四段"Until more research is done，it's just a guess at this point．Still，the findings might already lead to new methods for how agriculturalists deal with their crops，to best promote healthier growth．在做更多的研究之前，这只是一个猜测，尽管如此，这些发现可能已经为农学家如何处理他们的作物带来了新的方法，以最好地促进更健康的生长．"可知惠兰和他的团队研究的重要性．它有助于找到确保植物健康生长的方．故选B．
4．C 主旨大意题．阅读全文以及根据第一段"There are many gardening tips．Some suggest playing music for your houseplants，having conversations with them，or even giving them a gentle touch now and then．Most of these practices are probably more for the benefit of the gardener than the garden，and generally harmless enough but except the last one．Your plants really dislike it when you touch them．有很多园艺小贴士．有人建议给你的室内植物放音乐，与它们交谈，甚至时不时地给它们一点温柔的抚摸．这些做法中的大多数可能对园丁的益处大于对园丁的益处，而且一般来说是无害的，但除了最后一种．你的植物真的不喜欢它当你触摸它们的时候．"可知本文主要讲述了虽然我们平时很喜欢触摸植物，但是但是研究表明，植物真的不喜欢被触摸．故选C．
【点评】1．直接信息题：
直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目．
2．间接信息题：
间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换．
3．综合信息题：
综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义．
3．（10分）My school appeared on the news last week because we had made an important change in our local area.Our class had planted a large garden in what was once only a vacant lot.It was a lot of work but it was all worth it.I got blisters（水泡） from digging，and we all got insect bites，too.
I learned a lot about gardening and collaboration（合作），and then I learned about the media.Our teacher telephoned the TV station and informed them of what we had accomplished.She spoke with the producer.The producer checked with the directors，but they said there were plenty of stories similar to ours.They wanted to know what was special about our particular garden，since many schools plant them.
The teacher explained that，after going on the Internet to learn about the prairie（大草原），we had made a prairie garden.We had gone to a prairie and gotten seeds from the plants，and then we planted them.We did not water the garden，but we did weed it.We decided to let nature water it with rain，since that was how prairies grew in the past.We sent a picture of the garden to the news station.In the picture，the grass was so high that it stood taller than the fourth grade students.
As a result，the producer sent a reporter to our school.He interviewed the headmaster and asked him many questions about the garden.After that，they interviewed us，and we explained to them what we had learned through this project.
That night，we watched the news，and there we were.The news reporter told our story.It was only two minutes long，but it was us.We were famous.All that work，all those blisters，it was worth it.We knew that when we saw the garden every day，but now we knew that the whole city thought so，too.

（1）What seemed to be the TV directors' initial（最初的） reaction to the garden？ 　D　
A.They were excited.
B.They were surprised.
C.They were worried.
D.They were uninterested.
（2）What is special about the garden？ 　C　
A.Weeds were allowed to spread naturally.
B.The grass grew faster than common grass.
C.The seeds came from the plants of a prairie.
D.Underground water was used for the plants.
（3）What does the underlined word "that" refer to in the last paragraph？ 　B　
A.We got blisters on our hands.
B.Our hard work was worthwhile.
C.The garden would be famous.
D.The project would be finished.
（4）How did the author feel about the project？ 　C　
A.Annoyed.
B.Curious.
C.Proud.
D.Regretful.
【分析】本文是一篇社会文化类阅读，文章主要介绍了作者学校的花园上了新闻。
【解答】（1）D．细节理解题。根据第二段The producer checked with the directors，but they said there were plenty of stories similar to ours.They wanted to know what was special about our particular garden，since many schools plant them．（制片人和导演核实了一下，但他们说有很多和我们相似的故事。他们想知道我们的花园有什么特别之处，因为许多学校都种植这种植物。）可知电视导演对花园的最初反应是不感兴趣，故选D．
（2）C．细节理解题。根据第三段The teacher explained that，after going on the Intended to learn about the prairie （大草原）we had made a prairie garden.We had gone to a prairie and gotten seeds from the plants，and then we planted them.（老师解释说，在继续学习草原知识之后，我们做了一个草原花园。我们去了一个大草原，从植物中获取种子，然后我们种植它们。）可知这个花园的特别之处是这些种子来自草原上的植物，故选C．
（3）B．词义猜测题。根据最后一段All that work，all those blisters，it was worth it We knew that when we saw the garden every day.but now we knew that the whole city thought so，too.（所有这些工作，所有这些水泡，都是值得的，我们知道，当我们每天看到花园。但现在我们知道，全城的人也都这么想。）可知"that"指的是"我们的努力是值得的"，故选B．
（4）C．观点态度题。根据最后一段That night，we watched the news，and there we were.The news reporter told our story.It was only two minutes long，but it was us.We were famous.（那天晚上，我们看了新闻，就这样，新闻记者讲述了我们的故事。虽然只有两分钟，但那是我们。我们是出名了。）可知作者对这个项目是骄傲的。A．Angry生气的；B．Curious好奇的；C．Proud自豪的；D．Regretful后悔的，故选C．
【点评】考查故事类阅读。做题是要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。
4．（10分）Your teenage best friend could be good for your long﹣term mental health，according to a new study published in the journal Child Development.According to the findings，teenagers aged 15 to 16 who had a close friendship rather than a larger group of friends they were less close to had a greater sense of self﹣worth by the time they were 25 years old.Those people with a very close best friend were also less likely to experience social anxiety，the study found.
A past research has suggested that teen friendships are important.Friendships during the teenage years predict academic success and improved mental health.But the new research further explores the type of friendships teenagers have.
Many study participants did not continue to have a close relationship with their high﹣school best friend，leading the researchers to wonder what exactly was responsible for the mental health benefits.They thought that the skills and ability to build such a friendship may be more important than the friendship itself.
And as the researchers point out，those skills are not necessarily brought to bear in the world of social media. "As technology makes it increasingly easy to build a social network of shallow friends，focusing time and attention on developing close connections with a few individuals should be a priority，" one of the researchers，Joseph Allen，said in a statement.

（1）What is the benefit of having a close teenage friendship？ 　B　
A.Good performance in high school.
B.Mental health by early adulthood.
C.A large social network in the future.
D.A greater sense of self﹣worth all the time.
（2）What can we learn about the past research？ 　A　
A.It attached importance to teen friendships.
B.It explored the types of teenage friendships.
C.It helped improve teenagers' mental health.
D.It was totally different from the new research.
（3）What did the researchers think might lead to the mental health benefits？ 　B　
A.Having many best friends in high school.
B.Knowing how to build a close friendship.
C.Understanding the world of social media.
D.Studying hard and getting good grades at school.
（4）What did the researcher Joseph Allen suggest？ 　C　
A.Widening your social circle.
B.Learning to use social media.
C.Concentrating on high﹣quality friendship.
D.Improving the basic skills of making friends.
【分析】本文是一篇科教类阅读，主要讲述了青少年建立一段亲密的友谊对自己的身心健康有很大的好处。
【解答】（1）B．细节理解题。根据第一段Your teenage best friend could be good for your long﹣term mental health，according to a new study published in the journal Child Development.According to the findings，teenagers aged 15 to 16 who had a close friendship rather than a larger group of friends they were less close to had a greater sense of self﹣worth by the time they were 25 years old.Those people with a very close best friend were also less likely to experience depression and social anxiety，the study found.根据发表在《儿童发展》杂志上的一项最新研究，你十几岁时最好的朋友可能对你的长期心理健康有好处。根据研究结果，15到16岁的青少年如果有一段亲密的友谊，而不是一大群他们不太亲近的朋友，他们在25岁时会有更大的自我价值感。研究发现，那些有非常亲密好友的人也不太可能经历抑郁和社交焦虑。可知，如果青少年有亲密的朋友，则对他们早期的心理健康有很大帮助，故选B。
（2）A．细节理解题。根据第三段A past research has suggested that adolescent friendships are important.Friendships during the teenage years predict academic success and improved mental health.过去的一项研究表明，青少年的友谊很重要，青少年时期的友谊可以预测学业的成功和心理健康的改善。可知，过去的研究非常重视青少年的友谊，故选A。
（3）B．推理判断题。根据第四段They suspected that the skills and ability to build such a friendship may be more important than the friendship itself.他们怀疑建立这种友谊的技能和能力可能比友谊本身更重要。可知，研究人员认为懂得如何建立亲密的友谊对身心健康是非常重要的，故选B。
（4）C．推理判断题。根据最后一段As technology makes it increasingly easy to build a social network of shallow（浅层次的） friends，focusing time and attention on developing close connections with a few individuals should be a priority（优先考虑），" study co﹣author Joseph Allen said in a statement.研究合著者约瑟夫•艾伦在一份声明中说："随着科技的发展，由社交网络建立浅层次的朋友关系变得越来越容易，（在这种情况下）集中精力和时间在发展与少数人建立亲密关系上应是优先要考虑的事。可知，Joseph建议要集中建立高质量的友谊，故选C。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
第二节（共1小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余
5．（12.5分）
How to Exercise
Exercise is a key part of staying healthy，but figuring out how to get more active can be tough.（1）　A　 Always listen to your body's limits，and ask your doctor for advice in case of any medical issues.Importantly，create an exercise routine.
（2）　C　When you warm up，target the muscles you plan on exercising，but use less intense movements.For instance，walk for 5 to 10 minutes before jogging or doing a lower body workout.
Try to get 30 minutes of aerobic exercise per day.As a rule of thumb，you should get at least 30 minutes of moderately intense aerobic exercise daily.Examples include going for brisk walks and a jog，running，cycling and swimming.
Include strength training at least 2 days per week.Strength training involves using free weights，resistance bands，or your own body weight to strengthen your muscles.For starters，try doing upper and lower body workouts 1 day a week. （3）　E　
Mix up your routine to keep things interesting.（4）　D　That can motivate you to stay on track.Additionally，switching your workouts will exercise your entire body and help prevent injury.
Walk for 5 to 10 minutes and stretch to cool down.（5）　G　 Cool down by walking for 5 to 10 minutes and stretching the muscles your workout targets.

A.If you're not used to physical activity，start slow.
B.Change your schedule slightly to your own level.
C.Warm up for at least 5 to 10 minutes before exercising.
D.Varying your activities can help keep you from getting bored.
E.Then gradually include 3 to 4 strength training days in the weekly routine.
F.You can do strength training at home or use resistance machines at a local gym.
G.You need gentler exercises to ease your body from working hard to being at rest.
【分析】本文是一篇选句填空阅读，运动是保持健康的关键方法，讲述了如何正确锻炼的一些方法。
【解答】（1）A.推理判断题。根据下文Always listen to your body's limits，一定要听从你身体的限制，可知A选项：如果你不习惯体力活动，就慢慢来，相符合。故选A。
（2）C.推理判断题。根据下文For instance，walk for 5 to 10 minutes before jogging or doing a lower body workout.例如，在慢跑或做下半身运动之前，步行5到10分钟。可知C选项：在运动前热身5到10分钟，相符合，故选C。
（3）E.推理判断题。根据上文Include strength training at least 2 days per week.Also known as resistance training，strength training involves using free weights，resistance bands，or your own body weight to strengthen your muscles.For starters，try doing upper and lower body workouts 1 day a week.包括每周至少2天的力量训练。也被称为阻力训练，力量训练包括使用自由重量，阻力带，或你自己的体重来加强你的肌肉。首先，尝试做上下身体锻炼，一周一天。逐步包括3到4天的每周例行力量训练。可知，E选项：在每周例行训练中逐渐包括3﹣4天的训练，符合文意。故选E。
（4）D.推理判断题。根据下文That can motivate you to stay on track.Additionally，switching up your workouts will engage your entire body and help prevent injury.可知，这可以激励您保持正轨。此外，调高锻炼强度可以使您的整个身体参与其中，并有助于防止受伤。所以"D.进行各种活动可以帮助您避免无聊"符合语境。故选D。
（5）G.推理判断题。根据下文Cool down by walking for 5 to 10 minutes and stretching the muscles your workout targeted.可知，步行5至10分钟，然后拉伸您要锻炼的肌肉，使自己放松下来。所以"G.您需要进行柔和的锻炼以减轻身体从努力工作到休息的时间"符合语境。故选G。
【点评】七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共1小题，每小题30分，满分30分）
6．（30分）December 24 arrived along with a heavy snow.It was my first Christmas Eve without mother and the day's usual （1）　A　 had disappeared.
The telephone rang.I （2）　D　it and went to my bedroom to bury the continuous （3）　B　 ，knowing it must be my friend Rebecca calling.How could I be （4）　B　 ？I wanted to be left alone.
My heart felt as （5）　D　 as the falling snow.How can I stop missing my mother？
I （6）　A　 the window.Seeing Rebecca's car parked out front，I went back to bed and drew the covers over my head.
"Lucy!" she shouted. "I know you're in there.Answer the door!"
"Leave me alone !" I （7）　B　 back.I heard paper rustling（沙沙作响） as she slid something under the door.
"Merry Christmas，" she called out.
Not answering the （8）　A　 made me feel even worse.It wasn't fair to my best friend.Her father and sister （9）　D　 in a car accident when she was eight years old. （10）　A　 ，her mother had to return to （11）　A　 ，and Rebecca was left to look after herself.
When she left，I carried the small package，sat down and （12）　C　 it.Inside was a gold pen and a journal.When I opened the journal's front cover，out fell a bookmark with a（n） （13）　D　 written on it：
Dear Lucy，
My words won't heal（治愈） the （14）　B　 .But your own words can.
Love，
Rebecca
As I stared at the journal's blank pages，a single tear fell on the page which quickly absorbed it.
That night，I （15）　C　 the phone and called her. "It looks like the snow is melting（融化），" I said. "Spring is just around the corner."

（1）A.excitement
B.disappointment
C.fright
D.pity
（2）A.answered
B.covered
C.picked
D.ignored
（3）A.pleasure
B.sadness
C.puzzle
D.interest
（4）A.regretful
B.joyful
C.comfortable
D.careful
（5）A.light
B.white
C.clear
D.heavy
（6）A.looked through
B.looked into
C.looked out
D.looked up
（7）A.brought
B.shouted
C.took
D.turned
（8）A.door
B.question
C.letter
D.phone
（9）A.survived
B.escaped
C.lived
D.died
（10）A.As a result
B.Above all
C.After all
D.In general
（11）A.work
B.wash
C.repair
D.learn
（12）A.closed
B.folded
C.opened
D.painted
（13）A.article
B.poem
C.notice
D.message
（14）A.failure
B.pain
C.wish
D.shame
（15）A.pushed back
B.picked out
C.picked up
D.put away
【分析】本文讲述了作者在母亲去世后过的第一个圣诞节前夜，朋友的关心使她渐渐地走出了寒冷的冬天。
【解答】（1）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.excitement 激动；B.disappointment失望；C.fright 惊吓；D.pity 同情。由于母亲的离世，这个圣诞节已经没有了往日的兴奋（excitement），故答案为A。
（2）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.answered 回答；B.covered 覆盖；C.picked捡起；D.ignored 忽视。根据后面 went to my bedroom"我"径直走向自己的房间，可知"我"并没有去接电话，故答案为D。
（3）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.pleasure乐趣；B.sadness 悲伤；C.puzzle困惑；D.interest 兴趣。"我"走进房间继续沉浸在悲伤（sadness）之中。故答案为B。
（4）B.考查形容词及语境理解。A.regretful 后悔的；B.joyful高兴的；C.comfortable 舒服的；D.careful 仔细的。我怎么能高兴（joyful）呢？根据下文I wanted to be left alone可知是无法高兴。故答案为B。
（5）D.考查形容词及语境理解。A.light轻的；B.white白的；C.clear 清楚的；D.heavy 沉重的。我的心情像大雪一样沉重。heavy在此处有两层含义：雪下的大，用heavy修饰；另外"我"的心情沉重，也用heavy来修饰。故答案为D。
（6）A.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.looked through 透过……看，浏览；B.looked into调查；C.looked out 小心；D.looked up 朝上看。根据意思，应该是透过窗户向外看，故用look through.故答案为A。
（7）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.brought 带来；B.shouted喊叫；C.took带走；D.turned 转变。"别管我！"我喊道。根据上文"Lucy!" she shouted. "I know you're in there.Answer the door!"可知是喊。故答案为B。
（8）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.door 门；B.question问题；C.letter 书信；D.phone 手机。没有开门让我感觉更糟糕。根据前面朋友喊Answer the door!，可知此处是门，故答案为A。
（9）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.survived 幸存；B.escaped逃跑；C.lived 生活；D.died 去世。她的父亲和妹妹在她八岁时死于车祸。根据下文朋友的妈妈出去工作，和accident这样的字眼，不难看出，是去世，故答案为D。
（10）A.考查固定搭配及语境理解。A.As a result 结果；B.Above all 最重要的是；C.After all 毕竟；D.In general 一般地。结果，父亲的离世，朋友的妈妈不得不再次回去工作，故答案为A。
（11）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.work 工作；B.wash洗；C.repair维修；D.learn 学习。由于父亲的离世，朋友的妈妈不得不再次回去工作。根据下文and Rebecca was left to look after herself可知是工作。故答案为A。
（12）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.closed 关闭；B.folded 折叠；C.opened 打开；D.painted 粉刷。拿了包裹，坐下来打开包裹。这是三个并列的动作。根据下文Inside was a gold pen and a journal.可知是打开。故答案为C。
（13）D.考查名词及语境理解。A.article文章；B.poem诗；C.notice 通知；D.message 信息。书签上有一个信息（message）。故答案为D。
（14）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.failure失败；B.pain疼；C.wish愿望；D.shame 丢人的事。我的话治愈不了你的痛苦。作者的母亲走了，心里肯定很痛苦，所以答案为pain.故答案为B。
（15）C.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.pushed back抵制；B.picked out 挑拣；C.picked up 捡起；D.put away 收好。那天晚上我拿起（Pick up）电话，拨通了朋友的号码。根据下文and called her可知是拿起。故答案为C。
【点评】做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。
第二节　语法填空（共1小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
7．（15分）The Lantern Festival，falling in the first Chinese lunar month，is an important and traditional festival（1）　celebrated　（celebrate） by people nationwide.It is the first time that people （2）　have seen　 （see） the full moon in the lunar year.In ancient China，night is called Xiao and the first lunar month is called Yuan month，so this festival is also called the Yuanxiao Festival in China.It marks the end of the celebration of the Spring Festival and is also the first major festival for people （3）　to observe　 （observe） after Chinese New Year.
Like the Spring Festival，on the Lantern Festival，all the family members go home （4）　for　 a reunion.In the evening，people usually watch beautiful lanterns，guess interesting and （5）　challenging　 （challenge） lantern riddles and perform wonderful dragon dances.In （6）　addition　 （add），it is a custom for people to eat yuanxiao，a kind of sweet dumpling， （7）　which　 is round balls made of glutinous rice flour with（8）　varieties　 （vary） of fillings inside.In some places people sometimes put a coin into a certain one when making sweet dumplings.It is believed that the one who （9）　happens　 （happen） to find and eat the sweet dumpling with a coin in（10）　it　 will have good luck for the whole year.
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的传统节日﹣﹣元宵节。
【解答】（1）考查过去分词。句意：元宵节，在中国农历的第一个月，是全国人民共同庆祝的一个重要的传统节日。分析句子可知，本句谓语为is，所以横线处用非谓语，逻辑主语 festival与celebrate之间是被动关系，所以横线处用过去分词表被动，作后置定语。故填celebrated。
（2）考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这是人们第一次在农历年看到满月。分析句子可知，本句考查固定句型"it is the first time+从句"的结构，在本结构中，从句用现在完成时。people为复数名词，谓语也用复数。故填have seen。
（3）考查动词不定式。句意：它标志着春节庆祝活动的结束，也是人们在春节后第一个要庆祝的重要节日。分析句子可知，名词festival前面被 序数词the first 修饰，所以festival后面用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to observe。
（4）考查介词。句意：就像春节一样，在元宵节，所有的家庭成员都回家团聚。分析句子可知，此处表示"为了"，用介词for。故填for。
（5）考查形容词。句意：在晚上，人们通常看美丽的灯笼，猜有趣的且有挑战性的灯谜和表演精彩的舞龙。分析句子结构可知，横线处与形容词interesting用and连接起来，一起作名词lantern riddles的定语，所以横线处也用形容词。故填challenging。
（6）考查固定搭配。句意：此外，人们还有吃元宵的习俗。in addition"另外，此外"是固定搭配。故填addition。
（7）考查非限制性定语从句。句意：元宵是一种甜面团，由甜米粉做成的圆球，里面有各种馅料。分析句子可知，横线处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为a kind of sweet dumpling，指物，在从句中作主语。所以用which引导该从句。故填which。
（8）考查可数名词复数。句意：元宵是一种甜面团，由甜米粉做成的圆球，里面有各种馅料。varieties of"各种各样的……"是固定用法。故填varieties。
（9）考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：人们相信，谁碰巧发现并吃到了里面有硬币的元宵，就会有一年的好运。分析句子可知，横线处所在句子为who引导的定语从句，先行词为the one，指人。从句中缺少谓语动词。本句陈述的是一般性客观事实，所以用一般现在时。先行词the one为单数，所以横线处用动词的第三人称单数形式。故填happens。
（10）考查代词。句意：人们相信，谁碰巧发现并吃到了里面有硬币的元宵，就会有一年的好运。分析句子可知，横线处用代词it指代上文中的the sweet rice dumpling。故填it。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及定语从句，代词，副词，冠词，名词，语态，介词，时态，形容词，非谓语动词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
第三部分：单词填空（共两节，满分15.0分）第一节：单词拼写（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15.0分）
8．（1.5分）She 　dared　（敢于） not breathe a word of it to anybody yesterday.
【分析】昨天她不敢对任何人吐露一个字。
【解答】敢于dare，此处看作情态动词，根据后面的yesterday可知是一般过去时。
故填：dared。
【点评】做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化。
9．（1.5分）Depending on their　professional　 （专业的）knowledge， they quickly put out the fire， which made all of us cheer up.
【分析】依靠他们的专业知识，他们很快就把火扑灭了，这使我们大家都高兴起来。
【解答】答案：professional.根据所给的汉语提示"专业的"和空后的名词knowledge可知，此处应用形容词修饰名词，"专业的"的英语是professional，故填professional.
【点评】翻译填空要在理解句子的结构和含义的基础上根据汉语意思选择恰当的词、短语或句型；同时注意所选词的形式变化。
10．（1.5分）I think that a 　negative　（消极的） attitude will have a bad effect on learning.
【分析】我认为消极的态度会对学习产生不良影响。
【解答】根据括号内词义，""可译为negative，形容词negative作定语修饰名词attitude。
故填：negative。
【点评】考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
11．（1.5分）The driver 　ignored　（忽略）the warning sign and didn't stop the bus.
【分析】司机无视警告标志，没有停车。
【解答】忽略ignore，根据后面的and didn't stop the bus可知应使用一般过去时。
故填：ignored。
【点评】做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化。
12．（1.5分）We must m 　easure　 the length and width of the room to get the exact size of it.
【分析】我们必须量一下房间的长度和宽度，以得到确切的大小。
【解答】根据句意可知此处表示"测量"。measure测量，情态动词must后用动词原形。
故填：measure。
【点评】对于根据首字母填空这种题，要分析句子意思，再从结构上和意义上对答案进行确定。
13．（1.5分）He looked at his own i 　mage　 reflected in the water.
【分析】他凝视着自己在水中的倒影。
【解答】根据句意"他凝视着自己在水中的倒影。"结合首字母，考虑image"影像"，是可数名词，根据语境要用单数形式。
故填：image。
【点评】考查首字母填空。准确地翻译句子、理解句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。
14．（1.5分）Having collected all the necessary 　materials　（材料），he began to write his report.
【分析】收集了所有必要的材料后，他开始写报告。
【解答】答案：materials.分析句子可知，此处作动词collected的宾语，且空前有all修饰，故用名词的复数形式materials表示"材料"作宾语。
故答案为materials。
【点评】对于这种题，要分析句子意思，再从结构上和意义上对答案进行确定。
15．（1.5分）It is said that yoga is of great 　benefit　 （好处） to human health.
【分析】据说瑜伽对人体健康大有益处。
【解答】根据括号内词义，"好处"可译为benefit，此处是抽象名词。
故填：benefit。
【点评】考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
16．（1.5分）The tall walls are to　prevent　（阻止）the lions from escaping from the zoo．
【分析】高墙是为了阻止老虎从动物园逃出去。
【解答】根据中文意思可知使用动词prevent，prevent…from doing sth."阻止…做某事"，由上文的不定式符号to可知使用动词原形。
故答案为：prevent
【点评】单词填空要求考生不仅具备一定的词汇量、扎实的句型和语法知识，还要求学生有较好的阅读能力，能灵活运用所学知识去分析语篇。简单地说，该题型的考查范围极广，不仅包括词汇和语法的掌握，还考查学生的阅读分析能力、逻辑推理能力，以及情境情感。
17．（1.5分）People realised that the supply of coal and gas would not last f 　orever　.
【分析】人们意识到，煤炭和天然气的供应不会永远持续下去。
【解答】根据句意"人们意识到，煤炭和天然气的供应不会永远持续下去。"结合首字母，考虑forever"永远"，副词forever修饰动词last。
故填：forever。
【点评】考查首字母填空。准确地翻译句子、理解句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。
第二节：单句语法填空（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）
18．（1分）It 　must　 have rained last night，for the ground is wet.
【分析】昨天晚上一定下雨了，因为地面是潮湿的。
【解答】根据句意可知这里是对过去的肯定推测，用must have done意为"过去一定做了某事"。
故填：must。
【点评】单词填空要求考生不仅具备一定的词汇量、扎实的句型和语法知识，还要去学生有较好的阅读能力，能灵活运用所学知识去分析语篇。简单地说，该题型的考查范围极广，不仅包括词汇和语法的掌握，还考查学生的阅读分析能力、逻辑推理能力，以及情境语感。
19．（1分）The government desired that some measures be taken to help the people 　trapped　（trap） in the mine.
【分析】政府希望采取一些措施来帮助被困在矿井中的人们。
【解答】trap译为" 使落入险境，使陷入困境"。分析句子，句中已有谓语be taken，设空处应用非谓语动词，trap和people之间为被动关系，故用过去分词trapped。
故填：trapped。
【点评】考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要首先分辨是谓语还是非谓，若是谓语，则要注意时态语态和主谓一致；若是非谓则要考查主被动或是不定式；名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
20．（1分）This morning，Jenny was praised by our English teacher because of her good 　performance　 （perform） in the English competition.
【分析】今天早上，詹妮因为在英语比赛中表现出色受到我们英语老师的表扬。
【解答】答案：performance.介词后接名词作宾语；performance是不可数名词。故填：performance。
【点评】考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
21．（1分）The author is likely 　to contact　（contact） the organization for more information.
【分析】作者可能会联系该组织以获取更多信息。
【解答】contact"联系"，动词，根据句意表示"可能做某事"应用be likely to do sth。
故填：to contact。
【点评】考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要首先分辨是谓语还是非谓，若是谓语，则要注意时态语态和主谓一致；若是非谓则要考查主被动或是不定式；名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
22．（1分）China 　has created　（create） COVID﹣19 vaccine successfully so far.
【分析】迄今为止，中国已成功研制出新冠肺炎疫苗。
【解答】create"创造"。分析句子，结合时间状语so for，句子为现在完成时，主语为China，设空处应用has created。
故填：has created。
【点评】考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要首先分辨是谓语还是非谓，若是谓语，则要注意时态语态和主谓一致；若是非谓则要考查主被动或是不定式；名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
23．（1分）This is the day 　that/which　 the family are looking forward to.
【分析】这是一家人期待的一天。
【解答】分析可知，___the family are looking forward to为定语从句，先行词为the day，指物，先行词在从句中作介词to的宾语，故应用关系代词that或which引导。
故填：that/which。
【点评】完成句子，要弄清楚各种句子即简单句，并列句和复合句的结构及连接词和句意，然后按要求完成句子。
24．（1分）She wore a red coat in the station in order to make her 　recognition　 （recognise） by her son easily.
【分析】她在车站里穿了一件红色外套，以便让儿子容易认出她。
【解答】recognise"承认，认出"。分析句子，形容词性物主代词修饰名词，结合 her，设空处应用名词recognition"认出"，为不可数名词。
故填：recognition。
【点评】考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要首先分辨是谓语还是非谓，若是谓语，则要注意时态语态和主谓一致；若是非谓则要考查主被动或是不定式；名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
25．（1分）Even though that surgery was 　terrifying　（terrify），it was good for my health.
【分析】尽管手术很可怕，但对我的健康有好处。
【解答】terrify"使恐惧"，动词，分析可知，此处应填形容词作表语，结合语境可知，此处修饰that surgery，应用形容词terrifying"可怕的"。
故填：terrifying。
【点评】考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要首先分辨是谓语还是非谓，若是谓语，则要注意时态语态和主谓一致；若是非谓则要考查主被动或是不定式；名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
26．（1分）He is a man of great experience，from 　whom　 much can be learned.
【分析】他是一个经验丰富的人，从他身上可以学到很多东西。
【解答】分析可知，此处为"介词+关系代词"引导的定语从句，先行词为a man，指人，先行词在从句中作介词from的宾语，故应用关系代词whom引导。
故填：whom。
【点评】完成句子，要弄清楚各种句子即简单句，并列句和复合句的结构及连接词和句意，然后按要求完成句子。
27．（1分）It was not until the authority approved it 　that　 the cinema could show it. （用适当的词填空）
【分析】直到当局批准，电影院才能放映。
【解答】答案：that.分析句子可知，去掉It was及空格后结构仍然完整，句意明确，应为强调句型。根据强调句结构：It is/was+被强调部分+that+句子其他部分，可知，此处应填that.本句就时间状语进行强调，故填that.
【点评】做单词填空题，首先要弄清所给句子的意思，分析句子结构确定空白处所需的词性，掌握一些句型结构，最后填写拼写正确的单词。
28．（1分）My mother doesn't like dogs，and that's 　because　she was once bitten by one.
【分析】我妈妈不喜欢狗，那是因为她曾经被狗咬过。
【解答】分析可知，此处引导表语从句，且说明了妈妈不喜欢狗的原因，故应用because引导。
故填：because。
【点评】完成句子，要弄清楚各种句子即简单句，并列句和复合句的结构及连接词和句意，然后按要求完成句子。
29．（1分）Eye doctors recommend that a child's first eye exam 　（should） be　（be） at the age of six months old．
【分析】眼科医生建议孩子应在六个月大时进行第一次眼睛检查．
【解答】答案：（should） be．考查单词填空．根据句意及句子结构，要填入动词，recommend后接宾语从句要用虚拟语气，从句中谓语动词应用"should+动词原形"，其中should可以省略．
【点评】考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要注意时态，名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺．
30．（1分）With much work 　to handle　（handle），the director couldn't spare much time to accompany his children.
【分析】由于有很多工作要做，这个经理不能抽出很多时间陪他的孩子们。
【解答】答案：to handle.空处在with的复合结构中作宾语补足语，根据句中"经理不能抽出很多时间陪他的孩子们"判断，此处表达的是"有很多工作要做"，应用动词不定式表示将来的动作，故填to handle。
【点评】做单词填空题，首先要明确所给词的词性并弄清所给句子的意思，分析句子结构确定空白处所需的词性，结合语境做出合乎语法和惯用法的词形变化，最后填写拼写正确的单词。
31．（1分）Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it　happened　（happen） yesterday．
【分析】伊莱扎确切的记得一切好像是昨天发生的．
【解答】答案：happened 考查单词填空．根据句意及句子结构，要填入happened，as if引导的从句使用虚拟语气．主句中的时态是一般现在时，从句用一般过去时来表示虚拟．
【点评】考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要注意时态，名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺．
32．（1分）She sat there，reflecting 　on　 how much had changed since she bought the farm.
【分析】她坐在那里，回想着自从她买下农场以来发生了多大的变化。
【解答】根据句意表示"回想"应用短语reflect on。
故填：on。
【点评】完成句子主要考查基本句型的用法、动词短语的搭配、动词形式的变化以及一些常用短语。做这类题目时，要考虑根据时态、语态等的不同，同时，我们要牢记一些常用的固定搭配，并注意中英文表达方式的区别。
第四部分：写作（满分25分）
33．（25分）如今越来越多的人关注住房问题。有人喜欢住在传统的房子里，有人喜欢住在公寓里，请你以 "Live in a traditional house or live in an apartment"为题，按照下列要点写一篇短文。
1.住在传统的房子里：可以在院子里种花、树，可以养宠物，可以在院子里锻炼身体；
2.住在公寓里：干净，安全，离工作地方近；
3.你的看法及理由。注意：1.词数：80左右；2.文章题目和开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Live in a traditional house or live in an apartment
Nowadays，more and more people pay more attention to their lives.
______
【分析】高分句型一：Firstly，you can grow flowers and trees in the yard if you live in a traditional house.
译文：首先，如果你住在传统的房子里，你可以在院子里种花种树。
分析：这句话使用了if引导的条件状语从句。
高分句型二：My reason is that I like enjoying the sunlight，especially in winter.
译文：我的理由是我喜欢享受阳光，尤其是在冬天。
分析：这句话使用了that引导的表语从句。
【解答】Live in a traditional house or live in an apartment.Nowadays，more and more people pay more attention to their lives.But people differ in their opinions on the matter.（话题）
Some people prefer to live in a traditional house.There might be several reasons，I think.Firstly，you can grow flowers and trees in the yard if you live in a traditional house. 【高分句型一】Besides，you can keep pets if you like.Finally，people can take exercise in the yard.（住在传统的房子里：可以在院子里种花、树，可以养宠物，可以在院子里锻炼身体）
However，some people prefer to live in an apartment.On one hand，it is clean and safe.On the other hand，it isclose to workplaces.（住在公寓里：干净，安全，离工作地方近）
As far as I'm concerned，I prefer living in a traditional house.My reason is that I like enjoying the sunlight，especially in winter.【高分句型一】（你的看法及理由）
【点评】这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。