2022-2023学年福建省三明市高一上学期期末质量检测英语试题（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年福建省三明市高一上学期期末质量检测英语试题（解析版），共23页。试卷主要包含了考试结束，监考员将答题卡收回，15等内容，欢迎下载使用。

三明市2022—2023学年第一学期普通高中期末质量检测
高一英语试题
注意事项：
1.答题前，考生务必将自己的学校、班级、姓名填写在答题卡上。考生要认真核对答题卡上的信息。
2.回答选择题时，每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，用黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上书写作答。如在试卷上作答,答案无效。
3.考试结束，监考员将答题卡收回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例: How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. What color jacket is Bob wearing?
A. White. B. Blue. C. Black.
2. Which place does the man want to go to?
A. A bank. B. A library. C. A restaurant.
3. What happened to the man?
A. His MP4 player was lost.
B. His MP4 player was damaged.
C. He failed to get his MP4 player back.
4. What does the man do?
A. A taxi driver. B. A policeman. C. A salesman.
5. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In a store. B. In a bank. C. At the man’s house.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. When will the woman leave for Newcastle on Friday?
A. At 10 am. B. At 12 am. C. At 2 pm.
7. Where will the woman get the bus ticket?
A. From the man.
B. From the ticket office.
C. From the travel center.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. How far away is City Hall?
A.200 meters. B.300 meters. C.500 meters.
9. Where is City Hall?
A. Opposite a park.
B. Next to a supermarket.
C. Across from a post office.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What can the speakers do at Mary’s party?
A. Enjoy flowers in the garden.
B. Cook in the backyard.
C. Swim in a pool.
11. What is the relationship between the woman and Mary?
A. Co-workers. B. Strangers. C. Neighbors.
12. When will the speakers meet at the man’s house?
A. At 2:30. B. At 3:00. C. At 3:30.
听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。
13. Why won’t the speakers see the next show of Dangerous City?
A. The tickets are sold out.
B. They’re not interested in it.
C. They have something else to do.
14. What will the woman do tonight?
A. Visit James.
B. Study with Jenny.
C. Go to the new museum exhibit.
15. What kind of movie is Beyond Everest?
A. An action adventure.
B. A science fiction.
C A comedy.
16. What does the man think of Star Wars?
A. Amazing. B. Exciting. C. Uninteresting.
听第10段材料，答第17至20题。
17. What is the speaker’s opinion about his last job?
A. It’ boring. B. It’ satisfying. C. It’ full of challenges.
18. What docs the speaker do now?
A. A gardener. B. A cook. C. An office worker.
19. What does the speaker do at weekends?
A. He plants trees. B. He repairs tools. C. He drives to the country.
20. What is the speaker’s wife interested in?
A. Listening to the radio.
B. Collecting old cookery books.
C. Doing some reading.
第二部分 读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Europe is one of the best travelling choices for everyone. It’s rich in culture, and every country is unique in beauty. Here are the best four European cities to travel to!
Vienna
The capital of Austria, Vienna, is the largest city in the country, and it’s also a cultural, economic and political center. Its incredible cultural and architectural heritage owes a lot to its long and varied history. It is known as the city of music and the city of dreams, being an important place for Beethoven and Sigmund Freud. It’s also considered one of the world’s most livable cities, where the quality of life is high.
Berlin
Berlin is the capital of Germany and is the place of culture, politics, media and science. It holds a strong history, and you can learn many things about the city’s contributions to the whole world. Travelling to Berlin is quite easy. In this small city, you are provided with trains, buses and the subway, but you can also use a bike to get from one place to another.
Brussels
The capital of Belgium, Brussels, is full of cultural events, being one of the most cosmopolitan (国际化的) cities in Europe and a time machine at the same time. Being a relatively small city, you can visit many places in one day, like the Palace of Holy Roman Emperor Charles V, the Europa building or the garden suburbs that date back to the start of the 20th century. Belgium is also known for the most delicious chocolate and the best beer in the world, so you definitely need to have a taste.
Copenhagen
Copenhagen is the capital city of Denmark and is known to be one of the most sustainable cities in the world with a history dating back to the Viking Age. It’s full of Michelin-starred restaurants, has plenty of museums and holds the Copenhagen Fashion Week, which is the largest fashion event in Northern Europe. Copenhagen is considered to be among the happiest cities in the world, so you can go there to meet locals and catch their happiness.
1. What do we know about Berlin?
A. It is famous for music.
B. It’s regarded as a livable city.
C. It is the smallest city in Europe.
D. It has various means of transport.
2. Which city may interest a fashion fan?
A. Vienna. B. Berlin. C. Brussels. D. Copenhagen.
3. What do the four cities have in common?
A. They are famous for delicious food.
B. They enjoy a long history.
C. They provide people with high quality of life.
D. They are cultural, economic and political centers.
【答案】1. D 2. D 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。介绍了四座欧洲城市，都是旅游的好去处。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Berlin段最后一句“In this small city, you are provided with trains, buses and the subway, but you can also use a bike to get from one place to another. (在这个小城市，你可以乘坐火车、公共汽车和地铁，但你也可以骑自行车从一个地方到另一个地方。)”可知，柏林有很多交通方式。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Copenhagen段第二句“It’s full of Michelin-starred restaurants, has plenty of museums and holds the Copenhagen Fashion Week, which is the largest fashion event in Northern Europe. (这里到处都是米其林星级餐厅，有很多博物馆，举办哥本哈根时装周，这是北欧最大的时尚活动。)”可知，因为举办时装周，哥本哈根肯定能使时尚迷感兴趣。故选D项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Vienna段第二句“Its incredible cultural and architectural heritage owes a lot to its long and varied history. (其令人难以置信的文化和建筑遗产在很大程度上归功于其悠久而多样的历史。)”；Berlin段第二句“It holds a strong history, and you can learn many things about the city’s contributions to the whole world. (它有着悠久的历史，你可以了解这座城市对整个世界的贡献。)”； Brussels段第一句“The capital of Belgium, Brussels, is full of cultural events, being one of the most cosmopolitan (国际化的) cities in Europe and a time machine at the same time. (比利时首都布鲁塞尔充满了文化活动，是欧洲最国际化的城市之一，同时也是时间机器。)”以及Copenhagen段第一句“Copenhagen is the capital city of Denmark and is known to be one of the most sustainable cities in the world with a history dating back to the Viking Age. (哥本哈根是丹麦的首都，是世界上最可持续发展的城市之一，其历史可以追溯到维京时代。)”可知，这四座城市的共同之处在于它们都拥有悠长的历史。故选B项。
B
During our research for this sequence, we had been told we shouldn’t even bother trying to film the Pallas’s cat in winter. Filming such an animal was said to be near impossible. We wouldn’t be able to find such a small animal in the vast steppes of Mongolia. Besides this, they’re known to be easily frightened and extremely cautious. But we wanted to surprise audiences by showing them frozen worlds that lay outside of the Poles.
Arriving in Mongolia, I was struck by its vastness. It’s unbelievable that our first day presented us with a good view of our hard-to-find target. Our guide led us to the top of a hill. More than a kilometre away in an unimpressive pile of rocks, I could see a tiny spot, a Pallas’s cat! We were so excited!
We had been blessed with extremely low daytime temperature. Pallas’s cats have the densest coat of any cat, but even so they must save their energy as much as possible. Their movements at these temperatures were especially seldom. While conditions did not look promising, we still needed to see if we could actually film them.
The cats would only appear if the sun was out. But the steppe could be hit at any time by fast and bitter winds which would make any animal that had decided to appear come to an end. The decision as to whether to hold out for the weather to pass or to have a rest was always a painful one to make.
But as the weeks went on and we spent more time with the cats, it was astonishing to see just how it was that they were able to survive in such a difficult and unpleasant environment. The longer we spent with them, the more we found ourselves falling in love with these attractive little characters and their winter lives.
4. Why do people think it’s unlikely to film the cats?
A. The action is illegal. B. The steppes are not large.
C. The cats are extremely careful. D. The cat number is small.
5. How did the author feel when the steppes came into sight?
A. Amazed. B. Excited. C. Anxious. D. Upset.
6. What can we infer from paragraph 3 and 4?
A. We suffered low temperatures. B. The Pallas’s cats love the sun.
C. The decisions are hard to make. D. The filming condition is challenging.
7. What would be the best title of the text?
A. Palla’s Cats-An Unusual Animal B. Experience of Filming the Palla’s Cats
C. Survival Skills on Mongolia Steppes D. Extreme Weather outside the Poles
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者他们去拍摄兔狲的经历。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Besides this, they’re known to be easily frightened and extremely cautious.(除此之外，它们很容易受到惊吓，而且非常谨慎)”可知，人们认为拍猫是不可能的，是因为猫非常小心。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Arriving in Mongolia, I was struck by its vastness. (到达蒙古后，我被它的广袤所震撼)”可知，当草原出现在眼前时，作者感觉惊奇。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Their movements at these temperatures were especially seldom. While conditions did not look promising, we still needed to see if we could actually film them.(在这种温度下他们的活动极少。虽然条件看起来并不乐观，但我们仍然需要看看是否能拍摄到它们)”以及第四段中“But the steppe could be hit at any time by fast and bitter winds which would make any animal that had decided to appear come to an end. (但是，这片草原随时都可能遭到强风的袭击，任何决定出现在草原上的动物都会被吹走)”可推知，拍摄条件很有挑战性。故选D。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“During our research for this sequence. we had been told we shouldn’t even bother trying to film the Pallas’s cat in winter. Filming such an animal was said to be near impossible. We wouldn’t be able to find such a small animal in the vast steppes of Mongolia. Besides this, they’re known to be easily frightened and extremely cautious. But we wanted to surprise audiences by showing them frozen worlds that lay outside of the Poles.(在我们研究这个序列的过程中。我们被告知我们甚至不应该在冬天费心去拍摄兔狲。据说拍摄这样的动物几乎是不可能的。在蒙古的大草原上，我们不可能找到这么小的动物。除此之外，它们很容易受到惊吓，而且非常谨慎。但我们想给观众一个惊喜，让他们看到极地之外的冰冻世界)”结合文章主要讲述了作者他们去拍摄帕拉斯的猫的经历。可知，B选项“拍摄帕拉的猫的经历”最符合文章标题。故选B。
C
Imagine this: You’re digging a well, and instead of hitting water, you unearth a headless human body made of pottery. This actually happened to farmers in Shanxi province in central China in 1974. Local archaeologists heard of the find and biked over to investigate. They realized that the figure had come from a tomb built over 2,000 years ago for China’s first emperor, Qin Shihuang. Archaeologists finally discovered three separate pits (穴) filled with 8,000 life-sized statues, all made from terracotta — a type of fired clay.
About a mile away from these pits, there’s a large mound (山丘). Archaeologists know that this is the main part of Qin Shihuang’s tomb, but they have never looked inside. They have left it alone out of respect for the first emperor and to protect the tomb as it is.
“Many people wish to see the treasures and mysteries inside, but we cannot,” says Xiuzhen Li, an archaeologist. Opening the tomb could damage its contents. Someday, Li hopes, we’ll have technology that will let us see inside the main part of the tomb without opening and disturbing it.
“Probably in the near future we’ll have some new technology that can see inside like an x-ray,” she says. Scientists are working on techniques that make it possible to see underground. Another idea is that a tiny robot could enter through a small hole and capture videos of what it sees. Even if this robotic exploration is done very carefully, however, it would still damage the tomb. For now, the Chinese government prefers to wait to do anything until they have even better technology.
8. What’s the suitable description of the figure from the tomb?
A. A copy of real soldiers. B. A model of emperors.
C. In ruins. D. In colors.
9. Why can’t archaeologists go inside the tomb?
A. It might be ruined.
B. It is very dangerous.
C. The robot is not clever enough.
D. The government doesn’t allow it.
10. What’s Xiuzhen Li’s attitude to seeing inside the tomb in the future?
A. Unconcerned. B. Doubtful.
C. Hopeful. D. Objective.
11. Where is the text probably taken from?
A. An encyclopedia. B. A history textbook.
C. A newspaper. D. A travel guide.
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. C 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍兵马俑的发现经过，目前不挖掘秦始皇陵的原因及未来挖掘该陵墓的可能性。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Imagine this: You’re digging a well, and instead of hitting water, you unearth a headless human body made of pottery. (想象一下：你在挖一口井，但是没有汲到水，却挖到了一个无头的陶制雕塑) ”可知，这个雕塑没有头，也就是遭到了严重损坏。故选C项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“Opening the tomb could damage its contents. (开凿陵墓可能会破坏里面的东西)”可知，考古学家不深入秦始皇陵的原因在于，如果开凿，可能会破坏陵墓。故选A项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“Someday, Li hopes, we’ll have technology that will let us see inside the main part of the tomb without opening and disturbing it. (李秀珍希望，有一天，我们会有一种技术，不需要开凿就可以让我们看到陵墓的主要部分，而且也不会对其造成破坏)”与第四段的““Probably in the near future we’ll have some new technology that can see inside like an x-ray,” she says.(“也许在不久的将来，我们会拥有类似X射线的新技术帮助我们探索秦始皇陵的内部，”她说)”可知，她认为不久的将来可能可以借助新技术去探索秦始皇陵的内部。由此推知，她对于探索秦始皇陵内部的可行性还是抱有希望的。故选C项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。结合全文，第一段介绍兵马俑发现的经过，吸引读者注意力；第二段介绍考古学家一开始是出于尊重秦始皇陵和防止该陵墓遭到破坏而不去挖掘；第三段通过考古学家李秀珍的话说明为什么目前还不适合开陵；最后一段介绍了关于探索秦始皇陵内部的技术研发及政府对于开陵所持态度。由此推知，这属于一篇新闻报道，很可能出自报纸。故选C项。
D
Technology is developing rapidly. A device as small as a smartphone now has more processing power than rockets to the Moon once had. New tech brings many advantages, making our lives easier and opening up new opportunities. One piece of kit that’s been really taking off recently is the drone(无人机).
This pilotless mini aircraft, originally developed for aerial photography (航拍) and wars, is now bringing us benefits closer to home. In the last few years, tech companies such as Amazon, Alphabet and Uber have promised us delivery drones bringing goods to our doorsteps in a matter of minutes. However, progress in developing them has been slow.
Drones are helping to connect with and enhance the lives of people in lonely locations. In the UK, the Royal Mail wants 500 drones to help deliver the mail to far-away communities. Windracers, the company developing the drones, say they can fly in fog and produce 30% fewer emissions (排放) than comparable piloted aircraft. And in Coventry in the UK, construction has started on an air hub, which will act as a base for police and delivery drones.
Drones could also play a part in improving the health of millions of people. For example, writing for BBC Future website, Harriet Constable describes an unbelievable development project by the University of South Australia. The plan is for drones to finally be able to survey populations for diseases by reading the blood oxygen levels of humans from the air. They’ll also be able to examine other important signs, like coughing and a high temperature.
It seems limitless for what drone technology can achieve. The only thing that sometimes keeps it grounded is regulation. Jessica Brown, a government official says: “If our skies are to become as crowded as our streets, airspace rules need updating to prevent accidents.” There are also related problems, such as noise pollution.
12. Why was drones originally developed?
A. For taking photos. B. For delivering. C. For transporting. D. For farming.
13. The underlined word in paragraph 3 can be replaced by .
A. change B. improve C. enrich D. worsen
14. How does the author introduce the benefits of drones?
A. By stating facts. B. By listing data. C. By comparison. D. By giving examples.
15. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. Rules for drones haven’t been made.
B. Drone are not allowed to develop without rules.
C. The development of drones will cause pollution.
D. The skies are becoming crowded because of drones.
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了无人机技术给我们生活带来的好处，以及它的未来发展需要注意的问题。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“This pilotless mini aircraft, originally developed for aerial photography and wars, is now bringing us benefits closer to home.”（这种无人驾驶的迷你飞机，最初是为航空摄影和战争而开发的，现在正为我们带来更近的利益。）可知，无人机最初开发的原因是为拍照用的。故选A项。
【13题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线单词该句中的“Drones are helping to connect with and enhance the lives of people in lonely locations.”（无人机正在帮助与偏远地区的人们建立联系并且enhance他们的生活）可知，无人机帮助偏远地区的人们建立了联系，因此那里的人们的生活可以得到改善。由此猜测划线词意为“提高”，与improve同义。故选B项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Drones are helping to connect with and enhance the lives of people in lonely locations. In the UK, the Royal Mail wants 500 drones to help deliver the mail to far-away communities.”（无人机正在帮助与偏远地区的人们建立联系，并改善他们的生活。在英国，皇家邮政需要500架无人机来帮助将邮件送到遥远的社区。）以及第四段“Drones could also play a part in improving the health of millions of people. For example, writing for BBC Future website, Harriet Constable describes an unbelievable development project by the University of South Australia. The plan is for drones to finally be able to survey populations for diseases by reading the blood oxygen levels of humans from the air. They’ll also be able to examine other important signs, like coughing and a high temperature.”（无人机还可以在改善数百万人的健康方面发挥作用。例如，哈里特·康斯特布尔在为BBC未来网站撰文时，描述了南澳大利亚大学一个令人难以置信的发展项目。该计划是让无人机最终能够通过从空气中读取人类血氧水平来调查人群的疾病。他们还可以检查其他重要的症状，比如咳嗽和高烧。）故可推知，作者是通过陈述事实来介绍无人机好处的。故选A项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Jessica Brown, a government official says: “If our skies are to become as crowded as our streets, airspace rules need updating to prevent accidents.” There are also related problems, such as noise pollution.”（政府官员杰西卡•布朗(Jessica Brown)表示：“如果我们的天空要变得像街道一样拥挤，空域规则就需要更新，以防止事故发生。”还有一些相关的问题，比如噪音污染。）可推知，无人机的发展会造成污染。故选C项。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Clownfish like to live in coral reefs, but they don’s spend their whole lives there. In the first few months after they are born, they “wander” in the open sea. When the baby clownfish grow big enough to swim, they hurry home. They can’t see the reef, however.____16____
But humans—and their ships, speedboats, energy exploration platforms and even surfing—have made the ocean an unbearably noisy place.____17____In the case of baby clownfish, they make them unable to find their way home.
____18____There are still many other sea animals depending on their ability to hear for their survival. They use sounds to sense their environment and to communicate. Dolphins call one another by unique names. Toadfish hum. Whales sing.
Many sea animals swim away from the noises.____19____But slow-moving animals like sea cucumbers (海参) are left helpless. In some places, human-made noises are everywhere. Animals have to permanently move away from these noises to quieter places. They are then forced to compete against others for the same pools of resources. Over time, their populations start to become smaller.
Luckily, the noise is a controllable pollutant. “We know exactly what causes the noise, we know where it is and we know how to stop it” said Steve Simpson, a biologist in England.____20____Wind-powered boats have been developed. Shipping routes can also be moved away from certain areas. Researchers are calling for stricter rules. “We have noise standards for cars and trucks,” said Carlos Duarte, another biologist. “Why should we not have them for ships?”
A. Clownfish are not the only ones to suffer.
B. Many solutions to this problem already exist.
C. Some animals could swim fast to catch food.
D. These noises are often louder than the natural ones.
E. Instead, they depend on the small noises that a reef lets out.
F. Whales, for example, can learn to avoid busy shipping routes.
G. Actually, the ocean has always been home to many clownfish.
【答案】16. E 17. D 18. A 19. F 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了人类的活动产生了大量的噪音，导致海洋生物陷入危险，而问题的许多解决方案已经存在，我们应该执行它们。
【16题详解】
根据前文“When the baby clownfish grow big enough to swim, they hurry home. They can’t see the reef, however.(当小丑鱼宝宝长到能游泳时，它们就匆忙回家。然而，他们看不到珊瑚礁)”可知，此处在说小丑鱼长大后会回到珊瑚礁，但是它们不能看到珊瑚礁，所以空处应说明，它们是如何找到珊瑚礁，E项“Instead, they depend on the small noises that a reef lets out.(相反，它们依赖于珊瑚礁发出的微小噪音)”符合文意，上下文是替代关系。故选E项。
【17题详解】
根据前文“But humans—and their ships, speedboats, energy exploration platforms and even surfing—have made the ocean an unbearably noisy place.(但人类——以及他们的船只、快艇、能源勘探平台，甚至冲浪——已经使海洋变成了一个令人难以忍受的嘈杂之地)”和下文“In the case of baby clownfish, they make them unable to find their way home.(以小小丑鱼为例，它们让它们找不到回家的路。)”可知，本段在讲述人类活动产生的噪音影响让海洋变成了嘈杂之地，小丑鱼都不能听到珊瑚礁发出的微小声音，找到回家的路，所以D项“These noises are often louder than the natural ones.(这些声音通常比自然声音更大)”符合文意。承上启下。故选D项。
【18题详解】
根据后文“There are still many other sea animals depending on their ability to hear for their survival. They use sounds to sense their environment and to communicate.(还有许多其他海洋动物依靠它们的听觉生存。它们用声音来感知环境并进行交流)”可知，本段主要讲述了还有其他海洋生物遭受噪音的影响，所以A项“Clownfish are not the only ones to suffer.(小丑鱼并不是唯一的受害者)”符合文意，承接上文“In the case of baby clownfish, they make them unable to find their way home.(以小小丑鱼为例，它们让它们找不到回家的路。)”。故选A项。
【19题详解】
根据前文“Many sea animals swim away from the noises.(许多海洋动物为了躲避噪音而游开)”以及后文“But slow-moving animals like sea cucumbers are left helpless.(但像海参这样行动缓慢的动物却束手无策)”可知，此处是在讲述，许多海洋动物会躲避噪音，并举例，所以F项“Whales, for example, can learn to avoid busy shipping routes.(例如，鲸鱼可以学会避开繁忙的航线)”符合文意，与下文海参因为行动缓慢无法躲避噪音是转折关系，But是关键词。故选F项。
【20题详解】
根据前文“Luckily, the noise is a controllable pollutant. “We know exactly what causes the noise, we know where it is and we know how to stop it” said Steve Simpson, a biologist in England.(幸运的是，噪音是一种可控的污染物。英国生物学家史蒂夫·辛普森说:“我们确切地知道是什么引起了噪音，我们知道它在哪里，我们知道如何阻止它。”)”以及后文“Wind-powered boats have been developed. Shipping routes can also be moved away from certain areas.(风力船已经开发出来。航线也可以从某些地区移开)”可知，本段是在讲防治噪音污染的方法，且这些方法已经存在，所以B项“Many solutions to this problem already exist.(这个问题的许多解决方案已经存在)”符合文意。故选B项。
第三部分 语言运用(共三节，满分45分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A few years back, I enjoyed my summer vacation at New York’s Harriman State Park with a good friend. Our____21____was the beautiful Lake Sebago. It was certainly a____22____place with tent platforms, a number of kayaks and swimming areas.
As soon as we reached the best nearby____23____spot, my friend began unloading the baggage, and passed me a fishing pole.I____24____the pole in what I considered to be the perfect place and attempted to cast (扔)the____25____in the water. After just a few____26____attempts, I finally had it down. Soon a l0-inch bluegill (蓝腮太阳鱼) caught it. Feeling excited but____27____, I pulled it up. The water was rather shallow (浅的), so the fish wasn’t able to____28____or really run with the line. Even though it jumped out of the water several times during my____29____with this very first fish, I was still able to_____30_____
At this time, my friend began running around the dock like a child_____31_____in search of something. I never realized what that reaction was about until he shouted at me in excitement, “Hey man, you_____32_____my dearest fish!”
I caught a total of six fish that day. Since then, I’ve come to_____33_____the magical feeling of casting a line and then waiting,_____34_____to see the fish that I might meet with at the end of my pole. I’ve also realized the_____35_____of fishing, the line and the beautiful green waters rippling in front.
21. A. goal B. destination C. shelter D. choice
22. A. nice B. unique C. historic D. flat
23. A. picnic B. swimming C. fishing D. camping
24. A. positioned B. held C. stuck D. tied
25. A. tent B. meat C. fish D. line
26. A. successful B. failed C. brave D. satisfying
27. A. confused B. shocked C. disappointed D. nervous
28. A. fall down B. turn up C. give in D. speed up
29. A. stay B. communication C. struggle D. competition
30. A. run away B. hold on C. move on D. calm down
31. A. sadly B. frightenedly C. hurriedly D. madly
32. A. landed B. hurt C. owned D. stole
33. A. balance B. get C. appreciate D. imagine
34. A. aiming B. expecting C. intending D. attempting
35. A. way B. effect C. attraction D. future
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者因为一次外出游玩钓鱼经历，让作者从此喜欢上钓鱼的故事。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的目的地是美丽的塞贝戈湖。A. goal目标；B. destination目的地；C. shelter避难所；D. choice选择。根据下文“As soon as we reached the best nearby____3____spot,”可推知，此处为我们的目的地是美丽的塞贝戈湖。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这当然是一个不错的地方，有帐篷平台，一些皮划艇和游泳区。A. nice很好的；B. unique独特的；C. historic历史上重要的；D. flat平的。根据前文“I enjoyed my summer vacation ”以及该句中的“with tent platforms, a number of kayaks and swimming areas.”可知，此处为这当然是一个不错的地方，有帐篷平台，一些皮划艇和游泳区。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们一到达附近最好的钓鱼地点，我的朋友就开始卸下行李，递给我一根鱼竿。A. picnic野餐；B. swimming游泳；C. fishing钓鱼；D. camping野营。 根据该句中的“and passed me a fishing pole.”可知，此处为我们一到达附近最好的钓鱼地点，我的朋友就开始卸下行李，递给我一根鱼竿。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把鱼竿放在我认为最合适的地方，然后试着把鱼线投进水里。A. positioned将……置于；B. held举起；C. stuck卡在；D. tied系。根据该句中的“what I considered to be the perfect place”可推知，此处为我把鱼竿放在我认为最合适的地方。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我把鱼竿放在我认为最合适的地方，然后试着把鱼线投进水里。A. tent帐篷；B. meat肉；C. fish鱼；D. line线。根据句意以及下文“I’ve come to____13____the magical feeling of casting a line and then waiting”可知，此处为试着把鱼线投进水里。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：经过几次失败的尝试，我终于把它放下了。A. successful成功的；B. failed失败的；C. brave勇敢的；D. satisfying满意的。根据该句中的“I finally had it down.”可推知，此处为经过几次失败的尝试，我终于把它放下了。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我既兴奋又紧张，把它拉了起来。A. confused困惑的；B. shocked震惊的；C. disappointed失望的；D. nervous紧张的。根据句意以及but转折可知，此处为我既兴奋又紧张，把它拉了起来。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：水很浅，所以鱼不能沉下去，也不能带着鱼线跑。A. fall down下沉；B. turn up出现；C. give in屈服，让步；D. speed up加速。根据该句中的“The water was rather shallow”可推知，此处为水很浅，所以鱼不能沉下去。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我和第一条鱼搏斗的过程中，尽管它几次跳出水面，我还是抓住了它。A. stay逗留；B. communication交流；C. struggle搏斗；D. competition比赛。 根据下文“with this very first fish”句意以及结合各个选项意思可知，此处为和第一条鱼搏斗的过程，struggle with“和……搏斗”符合语境。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：在我和第一条鱼搏斗的过程中，尽管它几次跳出水面，我还是抓住了它。A. run away跑开；B. hold on抓住；C. move on继续进行；D. calm down使镇静。 根据句意以及该句中的“Even though it jumped out of the water several times”可知，此处为在我和第一条鱼搏斗的过程中，尽管它几次跳出水面，我还是抓住了它。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：这时，我的朋友开始围着码头跑，像一个疯狂地寻找什么东西的孩子。A. sadly难过地；B. frightenedly害怕地；C. hurriedly急急忙忙地；D. madly疯狂地。根据该句中的“like a child”以及下文“I never realized what that reaction was about until he shouted at me in excitement”可推知，此处为这时，我的朋友开始围着码头跑，像一个疯狂地寻找什么东西的孩子。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一直没有意识到他的反应是什么，直到他兴奋地对我喊道：“嘿，伙计，你钓到了我最亲爱的鱼！”A. landed将（上钩的鱼）钓上来；B. hurt伤害；C. owned拥有；D. stole偷。根据句意以及该句中的“my dearest fish”可知，此处为你钓到了我最亲爱的鱼！故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，我就开始体会到那种神奇的感觉：放一条线，然后等待，期待着看到我可能会在鱼竿末端遇到的鱼。A. balance平衡；B. get得到；C. appreciate体会；意识到；D. imagine想象。根据下文“I’ve also realized”可知，空处的词义应和“realise”意义相近，选项C符合题意，故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，我就开始体会到那种神奇的感觉：放一条线，然后等待，期待着看到我可能会在鱼竿末端遇到的鱼。A. aiming旨在；B. expecting期待；C. intending打算；D. attempting尝试。根据上文提到的我就开始想象那种神奇的感觉：放一条线，然后等待一连串的动作，可推知，此处为放一条线，然后等待，期待着看到我可能会在鱼竿末端遇到的鱼。为整个钓鱼的过程。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我也感受到了钓鱼的吸引力，钓线和眼前荡漾的美丽碧水。A. way方式；B. effect影响；C. attraction吸引力；D. future未来。根据句意以及该句中的“the line and the beautiful green waters rippling in front.”可推知，此处为我也感受到了钓鱼的吸引力，钓线和眼前荡漾的美丽碧水。故选C项。
第二节 单句语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
根据句子意思，在空白处填入适当的词语或括号内单词的正确形式。
36. As a senior high school student, I’ll have to get used to being responsible ________a lot more.(用适当的词填空)
【答案】for
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：我得更加努力地学习，习惯承担更多责任。固定短语be responsible for意为“对……负责”由设空处前的being responsible及设空处后的a lot more可知，此处应填介词for。故填for。
37. Destruction of the environment is one of the most serious_____ (challenge) we face. （所给单词适当形式填空）
【答案】challenges
【解析】
【详解】考查名词单复数。句意：环境的破坏是我们面临的最严重的挑战之一。one of表示“……之一”，其后用可数名词复数。故填challenges。
38. The UN meetings________only two languages are used may need only one interpreter. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】where
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：联合国会议仅使用两种语言，只需要一名口译译员。分析句子结构可知，设空处需填引导词，引导定语从句，从句主语是languages，从句谓语是are used，先行词是UN meetings，在从句中作状语，即in the UN meeting，所以从句应用where引导，相当于in which。故填where。
39. It is high time to stop the people who are hunting________(illegal). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】illegally
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：是时候阻止那些非法狩猎的人了。由副词修饰动词可知，此处为副词illegally修饰动词are hunting。故填illegally。
40. ________(write) Chinese has also become an important means by which China’s present is connected with its past.
【答案】Written
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：书面汉语也成为连接中国现在和过去重要手段。write与Chinese构成被动关系，故用过去分词形式作定语，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Written 。
41. Don’t lose heart! Keep moving, and you can make ________ to your goal. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】it
【解析】
【详解】考查短语。句意：别灰心!继续前进，你就能实现你的目标。make it成功；达到预定目标。根据句意，故填it。
42. Hundreds of houses________(destroy) by the volcanic eruption, leaving many people homeless last week. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】were destroyed
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：上周，火山爆发摧毁了数百座房屋，许多人无家可归。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，因主语Hundreds of houses复数名词和destroy为被动关系，结合last week时间状语可知，此处为一般过去时的被动语态结构。故填were destroyed。
43. Having been on a diet for months, Kayla became __________ (slim) than before. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】slimmer
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：经过几个月的节食，凯拉变得比以前苗条了。根据介词than可知，用形容词的比较级形式。根据句意，故填slimmer。
44. Workers built shelters for survivors______________ homes had been destroyed. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】whose
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句的关系词。句意：工人们为房屋被毁的幸存者建造了避难所。分析句子可知，本句是定语从句，survivors是先行词，在定语从句中与homes二者是所属关系，即幸存者的房屋，定语从句中表示“人的/物的”要用“whose”。故填whose。
45. What is amazing is that the________ (wise) of ancient people was limitless. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】wisdom
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：令人惊奇的是，古人的智慧是无限的。由空前定冠词the可知，此处为名词的填入，和of后的ancient people形成所属关系，wisdom为不可数名词。故填wisdom。
第三节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Straw patchwork (麦秆画) is a well-known Chinese art and____46____(have) a history of over 2,000 years. It traces its roots to folk art, starting as handicrafts used by local governments to show respect to emperors during the Sui Dynasty.
Straw patchwork is handmade and takes full advantage of the straw’s natural glow and____47____(it) material to describe landscapes, flowers, animals and human figures. The visual images and wonderful handicrafts are not only a good reflection of deep____48____(tradition) Chinese culture, but also a wonderful artwork used as decorations.
____49____artistic techniques used in straw patchwork draw on many other art forms such as paper cut, print, painting, etc. Each patchwork requires a process____50____includes more than ten steps long. The process____51____(clever) combines a variety of techniques to show skilled workmanship, including polishing, steaming, ironing, pressing, and cutting of materials. All these techniques bring a rich___52___ (express) to the straw artwork,____53____(make) it a simple and elegant art form.
Straw patchwork owes its popularity to its bright colors which does not fade and its simple, lifelike designs. With its excellent details, the straw patchwork____54____(enjoy) and appreciated by both the Chinese and Westerners. I is used to decorate and beautify homes and offices and is often given_____55_____gifts.
【答案】46. has
47. its 48. traditional
49. The 50. that##which
51. cleverly
52. expression
53. making 54. is enjoyed
55. as
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了麦秆画这种艺术形式以及其特点。
【46题详解】
考查主谓一致。句意：麦秆画是中国著名的艺术，有两千多年的历史。根据上文is可知，为一般现在时，主语为Straw patchwork，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填has。
【47题详解】
考查代词。句意：麦秆画是手工制作的，充分利用稻草的自然光泽和材料来描绘风景、花朵、动物和人物形象。修饰后文名词material，应用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。
【48题详解】
考查形容词。句意：视觉形象和精彩的手工艺品不仅很好地反映了深厚的中国传统文化，也是一个美妙的艺术品用作装饰。修饰名词culture，应用形容词traditional，作定语。故填traditional。
【49题详解】
考查冠词。句意：麦秆画的艺术手法借鉴了剪纸、版画、绘画等多种艺术形式。此处techniques为特指，应用定冠词，句首单词首字母要大写。故填The。
【50题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：每个画都需要一个包括十多个步骤的过程。此处是限定性定语从句，修饰先行词process，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，故用that或which引导。故填that或which。
【51题详解】
考查副词。句意：该工艺巧妙地结合了各种技术，以显示熟练工艺，包括抛光，蒸，熨烫，压制和切割材料。修饰动词combine，应用副词cleverly，作状语。故填cleverly。
【52题详解】
考查名词。句意：这些手法使麦秆画呈现出丰富的表现力，使麦秆画成为一种简洁优雅的艺术形式。作宾语，应用名词expression，不定冠词提示，用单数。故填expression。
【53题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这些手法使麦秆画呈现出丰富的表现力，使麦秆画成为一种简洁优雅的艺术形式。此处作结果状语，与上文构成主动关系，故用现在分词，作状语。故填making。
【54题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：麦秆画以其出色的细节，受到中国人和西方人的喜爱和欣赏。主语与谓语构成被动关系，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填is enjoyed。
【55题详解】
考查介词。句意：它被用来装饰和美化家庭和办公室，也经常作为礼物赠送。后跟名词作宾语，表示“作为”，应用介词as。故填as。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分25分)
第一节 英汉互译(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
56. What if no one talks to me? (英译汉)
【答案】要是没人跟我说话怎么办？
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型。What if表示“如果……怎么办？”，talk to表示“和……说话”。故翻译为：要是没人跟我说话怎么办？
57. There comes a time when the old must give way to the new. (英译汉)
【答案】新旧更替的时代已经到来。
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型和固定短语。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定句型“There comes a time when…”，意为“……的时代已经到来”，“give way to…”意为“向……让步”，“the old must give way to the new”表示“新旧更替”，“There comes a time when the old must give way to the new.”意为“新旧更替的时代已经到来。”故本句可译为：新旧更替的时代已经到来。
58. Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife. (英译汉)
【答案】只有当我们学会与自然和谐相处时，我们才能停止对野生动物的威胁。
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语搭配和倒装句。分析句子可知，“when”引导的是时间状语从句意为“当...时”，“exist in harmony with”为固定短语搭配意为“与…和谐相处”，所以“Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature”译为“只有当我们学会与自然和谐相处时”，本句因为only位于句首，所以需部分倒装，正确语序是“we can stop being a threat to wildlife”，其中“be a threat to”为固定短语搭配意为“对…构成威胁”，所以“we can stop being a threat to wildlife”译为“我们才能停止对野生动物的威胁”。故译为：只有当我们学会与自然和谐相处时，我们才能停止对野生动物的威胁。
59. 我建议你和你的朋友谈谈他的行为。(recommend) (汉译英)
【答案】I recommend that you (should) talk to your friend about his behavior.

【解析】
【详解】考查虚拟语气。建议用动词“recommend”，后面如果接宾语从句，从句中用虚拟语气，其结构为should+动词原形，should可以被省略的结构。talk to sb. about sth.“和某人谈论某事”。行为可用名词“behavior”。故翻译为I recommend that you (should) talk to your friend about his behavior.
60. 乔丹(Jordan)说他成功的秘诀是吸取失败的教训。(secret to) (汉译英)
【答案】Jordan says the secret to his success is learning from failure.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语、动名词、名词。动词短语。表示“……秘诀应为固定短语the secret to…；表示“他的成功”为名词his success；表示“从……中学习”为动词短语learn from，结合句子结构可知，为动名词作宾语learning from，表示“失败”为名词failure。根据句意可知，本句用省略连词that的宾语从句，陈述客观事实，所以用一般现在时。故翻译为：Jordan says the secret to his success is learning from failure。
第二节(满分15分)
61. 假定你是某英文报记者李华。上周日三明市举办了一场名为“Cycling Your Way to A Low-carbon Life”为主题的环城骑行比赛活动。请以此为题写一份英文报道。内容包括：
1.活动目的；
2.活动过程（如参加人员，出发地等）；
3.活动影响。
注意：
1.写作词数应为100词左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Cycling Your Way to A Low-carbon Life
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Cycling Your Way to A Low-carbon Life
The Cycle Rides Round Sanming which was aimed to promote a low-carbon lifestyle and build up people was launched last Sunday.
Over 1000 participants, most of whom were cycling amateurs, gathered at Xingong Square, the starting point, at 9 am. Riding along the city roads, the riders were in high spirits. At last, all of them managed to arrive at the finishing line, receiving cheers from all the directions. Amazingly, a sixty-year-old cycling enthusiast, called Zhuang Liang, got first prize in the competition.
The competition was highly spoken of because not only did it provide a chance for people to show themselves, but also raised their environmental awareness.

【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一篇名为“Cycling Your Way to A Low-carbon Life”的新闻报道，介绍环城骑行比赛活动目的、过程及影响。
【详解】1.词汇积累
超过：over→around
最后：at last→finally
到达：arrive at→reach
令人惊讶地：amazingly→surprisingly
提供：provide→offer
机会：chance→opportunity
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：At last, all of them managed to arrive at the finishing line, receiving cheers from all the directions.
拓展句：At last, all of them managed to arrive at the finishing line, where they received cheers from all the directions.
【点睛】【高分句型1】The Cycle Rides Round Sanming which was aimed to promote a low-carbon lifestyle and build up people’s body was launched last Sunday.（运用了which引导的限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】Over 1000 participants, most of whom were cycling amateurs, gathered at Xingong Square, the starting point, at 9 am.（运用了most of whom引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型3】The activity was highly spoken of because not only did it provide a chance for people to show themselves, but also raised their environmental awareness.（运用了because引导原因状语从句以及“not only... but also...”句型）