2022-2023学年黑龙江省大庆铁人中学高一上学期第一次月考英语试题（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年黑龙江省大庆铁人中学高一上学期第一次月考英语试题（解析版），共22页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分30分）等内容，欢迎下载使用。

大庆铁人中学2022级高一学年上学期月考
英语试题
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分基础知识考查（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
根据句意，选择单词填空。

1. The new manager criticized the recent poor ____________ of the company.
2. She was unable to give the police a ____________ of her attacker.
3. The children should be given the ____________ to make their own choices.
4. Martins now faces the biggest ____________ of his career.
5. When we looked around the school we got a very good ____________.
【答案】1. E 2. B
3. D 4. C
5. A
【解析】
【1题详解】
考查名词。句意：新来的经理批评公司最近业绩不佳。结合句意可知，名词performance“表现，业绩”符合题意，此处用作不可数名词。故选E。
【2题详解】
考查名词。句意：她无法向警方描述袭击她的人的样子。结合句意可知，名词description“描述”符合题意，此处用作可数名词，用单数形式。故选B。
【3题详解】
考查名词。句意：应该给孩子们自己做选择的机会。结合句意可知，名词opportunity“机会”符合题意，可数名词，此处用单数形式。故选D。
【4题详解】
考查名词。句意：Martins现在面临着职业生涯中最大的挑战。结合句意可知，名词challenge“挑战”符合题意，可数名词，此处用单数形式。故选C。
【5题详解】
考查名词。句意：当我们参观了学校，我们得到了一个非常好的印象。结合句意可知，名词impression“印象”符合题意，可数名词，此处用单数形式。故选A。
根据句意，选择单词填空。

6. Please do not hesitate to ____________ me if you have any questions.
7. How much you’re paid can ____________ how important you are to the company you work for.
8. I fully ____________ to return home next year.
9. He made a few notes to ___________ himself of what he wanted to say.
10. I could ____________ him as soon as he came in the room.
【答案】6. D 7. C
8. E 9. A
10. B
【解析】
【6题详解】
考查动词。句意：如果您有任何问题，请随时与我联系。根据“if you have any questions”可知，此处指“请随时与我联系”，动词contact“联系”符合题意，空前的to是不定式符号，故此处用动词原形。故选D。
【7题详解】
考查动词。句意：你的薪水能反映出你对公司的重要性。结合句意可知，reflect“反映”符合题意，情态动词can后接动词原形。故选C。
【8题详解】
考查动词。句意：我打算明年回家。结合“next year”可知，此处指“打算明年回家”，动词intend“打算，计划”符合题意，句子是一般现在时，主语是I，谓语动词用原形。故选E。
【9题详解】
考查动词。句意：他做了一些笔记来提醒自己要说的话。根据“He made a few notes”可知，此处指“他做了一些笔记来提醒自己要说的话”，动词remind“提醒”符合题意，空前的to是不定式符号，此处应用动词原形。故选A。
【10题详解】
考查动词。句意：他一走进房间我就可以认出他。结合句意可知此处指“认出”，动词recognize符合题意，情态动词could后接动词原形。故选B。
根据句意，选择单词填空。

11. As far as I’m ___________, nobody has done anything about it.
12. This job is so boring. I wish I could do something more ___________.
13. The issues being discussed here are not ___________ to the US.
14. My drinking was starting to have a ____________ effect on my work.
15. He decided to leave school for ____________ reasons.
【答案】11. A 12. E
13. C 14. D
15. B
【解析】
【11题详解】
考查形容词。句意：据我所知，没有人对此做过什么。结合句意可知，此处指“据我所知”，形容词aware“知道的，明白的”符合题意，在句中作表语。故选A。
【12题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这份工作太无聊了。我希望我能做一些更有创意的事情。根据“This job is so boring.”可知，此处指“想做一些更有创意的事情”，形容词creative“创新的”符合题意，作定语修饰不定代词something。故选E。
【13题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这里讨论问题并非美国独有。结合句意可知，形容词unique“独特的，特有的”符合题意，在句中作表语。故选C。
【14题详解】
考查形容词。句意：我的酗酒开始对我的工作产生消极影响。结合句意可知，形容词negative“消极的”符合题意，作定语修饰名词effect。故选D。
15题详解】
考查形容词。句意：由于种种原因，他决定离开学校。结合句意可知，形容词various“各种各样的”符合题意，作定语修饰名词reasons，故选B。
根据句意，选择单词填空。

16. Most students choose one ____________ area for research.
17. I am not joking. Those were his ____________ words.
18. They’re ____________ to get back to work as soon as possible.
19. He is a journalist with an extremely ____________ mind.
20. He was ____________ about how his daughter would react.
【答案】16. E 17. D
18. A 19. B
20. C
【解析】
【16题详解】
考查形容词。句意：大多数学生选择一个特定的研究领域。结合句意可知，形容词particular“特定的”符合题意，作定语修饰名词area，故选E。
【17题详解】
考查形容词。句意：我不是在开玩笑。这是他的原话。根据“I am not joking.”可知，此处指“这些是他的原话”，形容词actual“真实的，实际的”符合题意，作定语修饰名词words。故选D。
【18题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他们渴望尽快返回工作岗位。结合句意可知，形容词eager“渴望的”符合题意，在句中作表语。故选A。
【19题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他是一个头脑极其敏锐的记者。结合句意可知，形容词sharp“敏锐的，聪明的”符合题意，作定语修饰名词mind。故选B。
【20题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他很好奇女儿会作何反应。结合句意可知，形容词curious“好奇的”符合题意，在句中作表语。故选C。
第二部分阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）
第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The city of San Francisco is a wonderful tourist attraction that offers many different things to see and do. The best way for a traveler to get a good look at the city is to take one of the many different tours there
Walk to Tour the City
When touring the city by walking, you aren't going to walk much. What's more, there are far more benefits. This kind of tour allows you to see as many buildings of the city as possible. A tour of the city on foot usually focuses on a more localized neighborhood level, which can be very interesting in a number of different ways.
Hit the Waters of San Francisco Bay
The waters of San Francisco Bay have played an important role in the city's development over the last century. Touring San Francisco from the water is completely unique way for you to see this wonderful city.
Take a Bus Tour
If you want to see a wide variety of attractions from all over the city, one of the best things you could do is to book a tour through our company that offers services here. A bus tour of San Francisco is one of the most complete ways to experience the city
Tour San Francisco From the Air
While it is one of the most expensive ways to see San Francisco, touring the city from the air is one of the most unique and exciting ways to see the city. Seeing the city from high above allows you to get a full view of the city as tour guides point out attractions from high above. If you do decide to tour San Francisco by air, you'll be creating memories that you won't forget forever.
We are a travel agency providing high-quality services and discounts. For more information, please click here.
21. How should you tour San Francisco in order to appreciate its buildings?
A. By air. B. By bus. C. On foot. D. By boat
22. What can we learn about the waters of San Francisco Bay?
A. They have high-quality sea water.
B. They are explored on a localized level.
C. They were not in use until the last century.
D. They have helped the city to develop.
23. Where can we most probably read this text?
A. In a magazine. B. In a newspaper. C. On a website. D. On TV.
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍游览旧金山的几个旅游路线。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“A tour of the city on foot usually focuses on a more localized neighborhood level, which can be very interesting in a number of different ways.”可知，步行游览城市通常集中在一个更本地化的社区层面，这在很多方面是非常有趣的，由此可知欣赏旧金山的建筑物的最佳方式是步行，故C项正确。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The waters of San Francisco Bay have played an important role in the city's development over the last century.”可知，旧金山湾的水域在城市发展中扮演着重要的角色，故D项正确。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“For more information, please click here.”可知，点击这里获取更多信息，由此可知这篇文章来自于网站，故C项正确。
B
In February, before the outbreak of Covid-19, I sold my old-style car. I thought it wouldn’t be a big deal: I live in London within walking distance of three subway stations and countless bus stops. I own a bike; there are taxis and supermarket delivery services, and I joined a car-share program, all of which can save me a big sum of money to fund my future green transport.
Then the lockdown(封锁) happened and being car-free suddenly felt like a big deal. I couldn’t get a supermarket delivery. I couldn’t take my broken garden chairs to the recycling centre. And a few days into lockdown, somebody stole my bike!
When the lockdown stopped, it just got worse. I was eager to go to the countryside or beach, but taking public transport or taxi felt like too much of a risk. The car share program turned out to be unbelievably difficult to deal with—every area has its own rules about where you can and can’t park, and taking car-share vehicle(车辆) beyond the city is impossible. And renting car is clearly expensive and time-consuming.
So last month I did a U-turn. I felt guilty but also a sense of satisfaction: I had tried, but the pandemic(疫情) beat me. Most of all, I got freedom, sitting behind the wheel(方向盘) and getting to wherever I want. Don’t get me wrong. I still expect to travel without creating greenhouse gases and pollution. But life in a pandemic has drawn attention to some of the disadvantages of public transport, such as time and money wasted on the road to offices and the risk of Covid-19. It has also stressed our need to review our relationship with the environment. Problems with public transport have meant that the ownership and use of a car has become quite a useful thing.
24. Why did the author sell his car in the first paragraph?
A. His car was too old to drive.
B. He tried to lead a greener life.
C. He felt a car was no longer useful.
D. He wanted to get a big sum of money.
25. What did the author probably mean by “I did a U-turn” in paragraph 4?
A. I bought a new car.
B. I made a tough decision.
C. I broke the lockdown rules.
D. I chose another path to life.
26. What’s the author’s attitude toward driving a car in the last paragraph?
A. doubtful B. concerned
C. positive D. uncertain
27. Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A. A greener choice in life
B. Back behind the wheel
C. How to survive the lockdown
D. The disadvantages of public transport
【答案】24. B 25. A 26. C 27. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者本打算放弃开私家车，拥抱更绿色的出行方式共享汽车。但事与愿违，在疫情的大背景下，这种选择困难重重，于是又重新选择驾驶私家车。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“and I joined a car-share program, all of which can save me a big sum of money to fund my future green transport.(我加入一个共享汽车计划,所有这些能够帮我省下一大笔钱去资助我未来的绿色交通)”可知，作者卖掉自己的车，是为了攒下一笔钱，追求绿色低碳生活的理念。故选B项。
【25题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段“I felt guilty but also a sense of satisfaction: I had tried, but the pandemic(疫情) beat me. Most of all, I got freedom, sitting behind the wheel(方向盘) and getting to wherever I want.(我感到一丝愧疚但也有一份满足感：我曾尝试更绿色的生活方式，但是疫情打败了我。最重要的是，我获得了自由，手握方向盘，可以方便地去任何我想去的地方)”可知，作者本想坚持没有私家车的绿色生活方式，但是疫情期间公共交通的种种不便，让他只能重新使用私家车，保证出行方便。“I did a U-turn”意思是我买了一辆新车。故选A项。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章尾段“Problems with public transport have meant that the ownership and use of a car has become quite a useful thing.(公共交通的问题意味着，拥有使用一辆车已经成为一件非常有用的事情)”可知，作者最终对驾驶车辆持支持态度。故选C项。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章首段“and I joined a car-share program, all of which can save me a big sum of money to fund my future green transport.(我加入一个共享汽车计划,所有这些能够帮我省下一大笔钱去赞助我未来的绿色交通”，第三段“When the lockdown stopped, it just got worse.(当封锁结束时，情况变得更糟糕)”和最后一段“So last month I did a U-turn.(所以上个月我果断还是选择之前的生活方式)”可知，作者本打算放弃开私家车，拥抱更绿色的出行方式共享汽车。但事与愿违，在疫情的大背景下，这种选择困难重重，于是又重新选择驾驶私家车。“回到方向盘后面”最适合作文章标题。故选B项。
C
Most people have no idea what to do with their old drugs. Unused or expired(到期的) medicines lying around at home can get into the wrong hands, leading to accidental poisoning or drug overdose. When drugs are flushed or sent to landfill(垃圾场), the medicines can pollute our groundwater, rivers, and streams, threatening human and sea life.
In an effort to find a solution for drugs kept in medicine boxes or waterways, the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration launched its first National Take-Back Day in September 2010. In the drug take-back program, the returned drugs are sent to medical waste incinerators(焚烧炉). However, the process of transporting and burning such waste can release greenhouse gas emissions that could be potentially greater than those generated if the drugs were poured into landfills.
“But take-back programs are preferred as they reduce the risk of drug misuse and the incineration effectively eliminates the entrance of these medicines into our nation’s waters,” says Tim Carroll, a spokesperson for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
Perhaps surprisingly, not all unused medicines need to be thrown away. Every year five billion dollars’ worth of unexpired medicines end up being deserted in the U.S. “We’re wasting a lot of medicines which are already paid for,” says Anandi Law, a patient engagement specialist. “Millions of U.S. adults skip or delay getting their prescriptions(处方) filled due to high costs. We could give them to somebody else who needs it.”
Now, at least 40 states have passed legislation establishing drug donation(捐赠) programs that allow drug manufacturers, medical and long-term care facilities, and sometimes individuals to donate their unused drugs. For example, since its start in 2007, Iowa’s program, SafeNetRx, has served more than 117,000 patients and redistributed nearly 54-million-dollar worth of medicines and supplies. Georgia’s program was formally launched in 2018, and it has already filled prescriptions worth over 50 million dollars.
“All of these efforts are still relatively new,” Carroll says. “We still have a long way to go until households change their habits.”
28. What disadvantage of the drug take-back program is mentioned in paragraph 2?
A. It costs large amounts of money.
B. It increases the greenhouse effect.
C. It can produce poisonous chemicals.
D. It wastes lots of energy to deal with old drugs.
29. What is Tim Carroll’s attitude towards the take-back program?
A. Supportive. B. Indifferent. C. Cautious. D. Negative.
30. What is Anandi Law’s suggestion about unused and unexpired medicines?
A. Sending them to landfills.
B. Selling them at a low price.
C. Donating them to someone in need.
D. Developing technologies to recycle them.
31. What do the numbers in paragraph 5 mainly indicate?
A. The challenging task of SafeNetRx.
B. The expense of recycling unused drugs.
C. The significance of health care facilities.
D. The achievements of drug donation programs.
【答案】28. B 29. A 30. C 31. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述美国每年有很多未用的和过期药被回收处理掉，既浪费钱也污染环境，而现美国有些州对这些药物开始采取了捐赠计划。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第二段“In the drug take-back program, the returned drugs are sent to medical waste incinerators. However, the process of transporting and burning such waste can release greenhouse gas emissions that could be potentially greater than those generated if the drugs were poured into landfills.(在药品回收计划中，退回的药品被送往医疗废物焚烧炉。然而，运输和燃烧这些废物的过程可能会释放出温室气体，这些气体的排放量可能会大于将药物倒入垃圾填埋场时产生的排放量。)”可知，药物回收后焚烧会增加温室效应。故选B项。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第三段“But take-back programs are preferred as they reduce the risk of drug misuse and the incineration effectively eliminates the entrance of these medicines into our nation’s waters.(但回收计划是首选，因为它们降低了药物滥用的风险，而且焚烧有效地消除了这些药物进入我国水域的可能性。)”可知，Tim Carroll还是支持回收计划的。故选A项。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第四段“Millions of U.S. adults skip or delay getting their prescriptions filled due to high costs. We could give them to somebody else who needs it.(由于费用高昂，数百万美国成年人跳过或延迟开处方。我们可以把它们交给其他需要它人。)”可知，Anandi Law建议把未过期的药给有需要的人。故选C项。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第五段“Now, at least 40 states have passed legislation establishing drug donation(捐赠) programs that allow drug manufacturers, medical and long-term care facilities, and sometimes individuals to donate their unused drugs. (现在，至少有40个州通过了建立药品捐赠计划的立法，允许药品制造商、医疗和长期护理机构，有时个人捐赠未使用的药品。)”可知，后面的数据是为了说明一些州在药物捐赠计划上取得的成就。故选D项。
D
You have probably heard of the Mozart effect. It's the idea that if children or even babies listen to music composed by Mozart, they will become more intelligent. A quick Internet search reveals plenty of products to assist you in the task. Whatever your age is, there are CDs and books to help you taste the power of Mozart's music, but when it comes to scientific evidence that it can make you more clever, the picture is more mixed.
The phrase "the Mozart effect" was made up in 1991, but it was a study described two years later in the journal Nature that sparked real media and public interest about the idea that listening to classical music somehow improves the brain. It is one of those ideas that sound reasonable. Mozart was undoubtedly a genius himself; his music is complex and there is a hope that if we listen to enough of it, we'll become more intelligent.
The idea took off, with thousands of parents playing Mozart to their children, and in 1998 Zell Miller, the Governor of the state of Georgia in the US, even asked for money to be set aside in the state budget so that every newborn baby could be sent a CD of classical music. It was not just babies and children who were exposed to Mozart's music on purpose, even an Italian farmer proudly explained that the cows were played Mozart three times a day to help them produce better milk.
I'll leave the debate on the impact on milk yield (产量) to farmers, but what about the evidence that listening to Mozart makes people more intelligent? More research was carried out but an analysis of sixteen different studies confirmed that listening to music does lead to a temporary improvement in the ability to handle shapes mentally, but the benefits are short-lived and it doesn't make us more intelligent.
32. What can we learn from Paragraph 1?
A. Mozart composed many musical pieces for children.
B. There is little scientific evidence to support the Mozart effect.
C. There are few products on the Internet about Mozart's music.
D. Children listening to Mozart will be more intelligent.
33. The underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 suggests that ________.
A. people were strongly against the idea
B. Mozart played an important part in people's life
C. the idea was accepted by many people
D. the US government helped promote the idea
34. What is the author's attitude towards the Mozart effect?
A. Favorable. B. Objective. C. Doubtful. D. Positive.
35. What would be the best title for the passage?
A. What Music Is Beneficial?
B. Listening to Mozart, Necessary?
C. What Is the Mozart Effect?
D. To Be or Not to Be？
【答案】32. B 33. C 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了the Mozart effect并对其提出质疑，最后否定了它的科学性。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。由第一自然段最后一句“when it comes to scientific evidence that it can make you more clever, the picture is more mixed. (当说到它能让你更聪明的科学证据时，情况就复杂多了)”可知，在谈到the Mozart effect的科学证据时，情况就不是那么明朗了，说明并无太多证据。故选B项。
【33题详解】
词句猜测题。根据下文“with thousands of parents playing Mozart to their children,...the Governor of the state of Georgia in the US, even asked for money to be set aside in the state budget so that... even an Italian farmer proudly explained that the cows were played Mozart three times a day. (成千上万的父母为他们的孩子演奏莫扎特，……美国乔治亚州的州长，甚至要求在州预算中留出资金，以便……甚至一个意大利农民也自豪地解释说，奶牛每天都要演奏三次莫扎特的音乐)”可知，这种观点得到了很多人的赞同。故选C项。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一自然段“when it comes to scientific evidence that it can make you more clever, the picture is more mixed. (当说到它能让你更聪明的科学证据时，情况就复杂多了)”和第四自然段“but the benefits are short-lived and it doesn't make us more intelligent. (但这些好处是短暂的，不会让我们变得更聪明)”可知，作者对the Mozart effect持怀疑态度。故选C项。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。首段对the Mozart effect作了简单介绍并对其科学性提出质疑，末段用科学研究来否定了其科学性。所以本文主要是对the Mozart effect的质疑。故选B项。
第二节七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余项。
It is necessary as well as important that teenagers learn how to save money. As is known, the money you save can be for rainy days and be used to pay through your college education. If you think it is a hard task and don’t know how to do it, please do as the following.___36___My dad always tells me that if one doesn’t respect money, it will never respect you. Hence, it’s important that you keep a record of your daily expenses. Make it a habit to write down all that you have spent. And when you find out the total expense at the end of the month, you’ll realize what you’ve spent more money in doing___37___.Open a savings accountOpening a savings account is a better way to save money. You can set a goal: say (for example), the money is for a new notebook or for college, and then save, until you have enough money to buy a notebook or until you go to college. ___38___Don’t carry much cashDo you have the habit of not leaving a store without buying anything? The only way to stop that is carrying less money with you. Go to the store with the minimum amount of money, which will not even help you buy a drink. ____39____Save the changeSave the change that you get back. If you have gone to a shop to buy something and get back some change, then do not spend them___40___And you’ll be surprised at the huge amount of money after days.Follow these tips above, and thus you can save a lot of money. And surely, they’ll help you be more responsible in your life.
A. Next month, you will automatically try and save more in that part.
B. Instead, you can save them in your piggy bank.
C. By that time, you’ll realize the importance of saving money.
D. Nowadays in the developed and developing countries, people are all working for the sake of earning money.
E. Keep a record of your daily expenses
F. After a few days, you’ll get rid of this habit.
G. Saving money builds your financial power and personal freedom.
【答案】36. E 37. A 38. C 39. F 40. B
【解析】
【分析】本文为说明文。讲述了青少年学会节约用钱的必要性和重要性。
【36题详解】
这是一个小标题填空。根据下文My dad always tells me that if one doesn’t respect money, it will never respect you. Hence, it’s important that you keep a record of your daily expenses.句意是：我的父亲总是告诉我，如果一个人不尊重钱，钱从来不会尊重你。你做好日常花销记录是非常重要的。所以E项最合适。
【37题详解】
空格上句when you find out the total expense at the end of the month, you’ll realize what you’ve spent more money in doing当你了解了月底所有花费，你将会意识到你在做什么上花了更多的钱。所以下句表达的意思应该是“下个月你将自动地在那部分上尽量的节约”。故选A
【38题详解】
根据上句You can set a goal: say (for example), the money is for a new notebook or for college, and then save, until you have enough money to buy a notebook or until you go to college.你能定一个目标：节约的钱用于一个新笔记本或大学，然后积攒，直到你有足够的钱买笔记本或直到去上大学。所以下句应该是“到那时，你将意识到节约钱的重要性”。所以选C.
【39题详解】
上文提到：Go to the store with the minimum amount of money, which will not even help you buy a drink.去商店带最低数量的钱，它甚至不会帮助你买一杯饮料。所以下句应是：几天之后，你就会除掉去商店不买东西不走的习惯。F项最合适。
【40题详解】
上句：如果去了一家商店买东西找回一些零钱，不要花掉它们。下句：数天之后，你将吃惊地发现有一大笔钱。所以中间空格应填：相反，你把它们放在存钱罐里。故选B。

第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I fell in love with Yosemite National Park the first time I saw it, when I was 13. My parents took us there for camping. On the way out, I asked them to wait while I ran up to E1 Capitan, a ____41____ rock of 3,300 feet straight up. I touched that giant rock and knew ____42____ I wanted to climb it. That has been my life’s passion (钟爱) ever since--- ____43____ the rocks and mountains of Yosemite. I’ve long made Yosemite my ____44____.
About 15 years ago I started seeing a lot of ____45____, like toilet paper, beer cans, and empty boxes, around the area. It’s ____46____ me why visitors started respecting the place ____47____ and treated such a beautiful home-like place this way.
I tried ____48____ trash(垃圾)myself, but the job was too big. I would ____49____an hour or two on the job, only to find the area trashed all over again weeks later. Finally, I got so ___50___ it that I decided something had to change.
As a rock-climbing guide, I knew ____51____about organizing any big event. But in 2004, together with some climbers, I set a date for a ____52____. On that day, more than 300 people ____53____. Over three days we collected about 6,000 pounds of trash. It was amazing how much we were able to ____54____. I couldn’t believe the ____55____ we made ---the park looked clean!
Each year volunteers come for the cleanup from everywhere. In 2007 alone, 2,945 people picked up 42,330 pounds of trash and ____56____ 132 miles of roadway.
I often hear people ____57____ about their surroundings. If you are one of them, I would say the only way to change things is by ____58____ rather than complaining. We need to teach by ____59____. You can’t blame others ____60____ you start with yourself.
41. A. distant B. loose C. narrow D. huge
42. A. immediately B. finally C. gradually D. recently
43. A. imagining B. painting C. describing D. climbing
44. A. garden B. home C. lab D. palace
45. A. material B. resources C. waste D. goods
46. A. beyond B. against C. over D. within
47. A. more B. most C. least D. less
48. A. throwing away B. picking up C. breaking down D. digging out
49. A. kill B. spend C. wait D. save
50. A. satisfied with B. delighted in C. tired of D. used to
51. A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing
52. A. party B. cleanup C. picnic D. concert
53. A. dropped out B. showed up C. looked around D. called back
54. A. demand B. receive C. achieve D. overcome
55. A. plan B. visit C. contact D. difference
56 A. crossed B. measured C. covered D. designed
57. A. complain B. talk C. argue D. quarrel
58. A. doing B. thinking C. questioning D. watching
59. A. method B. explanation C. example D. research
60. A. although B. if C. unless D. when
【答案】41. D 42. A 43. D 44. B 45. C 46. A 47. D 48. B 49. B 50. C 51. D 52. B 53. B 54. C 55. D 56. C 57. A 58. A 59. C 60. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文．文章讲述了作者把约塞米蒂国家公园当作自己的家。当作者看到里面有大量的垃圾时，开始是自己捡垃圾，后来组织大家捡垃圾。由此作者明白改变事情的方法是动手去做，而不是抱怨。
【41题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. distant遥远的；B. loose松的；C. narrow狭窄的；D. huge巨大的。句意：在回程的路上，我请他们等我，我跑向了巍峨的埃尔卡皮坦山，一块高达3300英尺的巨岩。由“3,300 feet”可知，岩石很巨大。故D选项切题。
【42题详解】
考查副词辨析。A. immediately立即；B. finally最后地；C. gradually逐渐地；D. recently最近地。句意：我触摸到那块巨石时，立刻知道我想攀登它。由“That has been my life’s passion (钟爱) ever since”可知，从那以后，那是作者一生的钟爱。所以immediately“立即”用在这里表示作者对于这块巨石以及攀岩的喜爱。故A选项切题。
【43题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. imagining想象；B. painting绘画；C. describing描述；D. climbing爬。句意：从那以后，那是我一生的钟爱——攀登约塞米蒂的岩石和山脉。由前文的“climb”可知，本句为原词再现，来说明攀登约塞米蒂的岩石和山脉是作者的最爱。故D选项切题。
【44题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. garden花园；B. home家；C. lab实验室；D. palace宫殿。句意：我一直把约塞米蒂当作我的家。由下文“ beautiful home-like place”可知，作者一直把约塞米蒂当作自己的家。故B选项切题。
【45题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. material材料；B. resources资源；C. waste垃圾；D. goods货物。句意：大约15年前，我开始在这个地区周围看到很多垃圾，如卫生纸、啤酒罐和空盒子。由“like toilet paper，beer cans，and empty boxes”可知，这些都是垃圾。故C选项切题。
【46题详解】
考查介词辨析。A. beyond超出；B. against反对；C. over越过；D. within在......里。句意：这让我无法理解为什么游客开始对这个地方不那么尊重，并以这种方式对待一个如此美丽的像家一样的地方。在作者心里约塞米蒂就像家一样，所以作者无法理解为什么游客开始对这个地方不那么尊重。故A选项切题。
【47题详解】
考查副词辨析。A. more 更多；B. most最多；C. least最少；D. less较少地。句意：这让我无法理解为什么游客开始对这个地方不那么尊重，并以这种方式对待一个如此美丽的像家一样的地方。由前文可知，游客已经污染了这个作者喜欢的地方，所以游客对这个地方不那么尊重了。故D选项切题。
【48题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。A. throwing away扔掉；B. picking up拾起；C. breaking down出故障；D. digging out挖出。句意：我尝试自己动手捡垃圾，但这项工作实在太艰巨了。由“trash”可知，pick up“拾起”符合句意。故B选项切题。
【49题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. kill杀死；B. spend花费；C. wait等待；D. save节省。句意：我会捡一两个小时，才发现不出几个星期，又是遍地垃圾。由前文可知，作者自己在捡垃圾。所以作者会捡一两个小时的垃圾。故B选项切题。
【50题详解】
考查形容词短语辨析。A. satisfied with对.......满意B. delighted in高兴做某事；C. tired of厌倦......；D. used to过去常常。句意：最后，我厌倦了，决定改变自己捡垃圾的初衷。由前文的“only to find the area trashed all over again weeks later”可知，作者厌倦了。故C选项切题。
【51题详解】
考查代词辨析。A. something某事；B. anything任何事情；C. everything每件事情；D. nothing没有什么。句意：作为一名攀岩向导，我对组织任何重大活动一无所知。根据常识可以判断出，作者一名攀岩向导，自然对组织任何重大活动一无所知。故D选项切题。
【52题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. party聚会；B. cleanup打扫；C. picnic野餐；D. concert音乐会。句意：但在2004年，我和其他登山者定下了一个清理日。由下文“....come for the cleanup ......”可知，我和其他登山者定下了一个清理日。故B选项切题。
【53题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。A. dropped out辍学；B. showed up出现；C. looked around环顾四周；D. called back回电话。句意：在这一天，有超过300人到来。有超过300人来参加这个活动，由下文的“come”也可判断出，showed up“出现”符合句意。故B选项切题。
【54题详解】
考查动词辨析。 A. demand要求；B. receive接受；C. achieve取得D. overcome克服。句意：我们取得的成就令人惊讶。由“Over three days，we collected about 6,000 pounds of trash”可知，三天里，我们捡了大约6,000磅的垃圾。所以作者对于取得的成就令人惊讶。故C选项切题。
【55题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. plan计划；B. visit拜访；C. contact联系；D.difference不同。句意：我简直不敢相信我们所做的改变——公园看起来很干净！。由“ the park looked clean”可知，作者简直不敢相信他们所做的改变。故D选项切题。
【56题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. crossed穿过；B. measured测量；C. covered覆盖；D. designed设计。句意：仅在2007年，就有2,945人参加，总共捡了42,330磅的垃圾，足以覆盖132公里的道路。由“132 miles of roadway”可知， covered“覆盖”符合句意，以此说明垃圾的数量巨大。故C选项切题。
【57题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. complain抱怨；B. talk谈话；C. argue争论；D. quarrel争吵。句意：我经常听到有人抱怨自己身处的环境。由下文“complaining”可知，作者经常听到有人抱怨自己身处的环境。故A选项切题。
【58题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. doing作；B. thinking思考；C. questioning 询问；D. watching看。句意：如果你是其中之一，我想说的是动手做吧，只有这样才能有所改变，而不是抱怨。捡垃圾就是行动之一，不应该一直抱怨而不起动手做。故A选项切题。
【59题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. method方法；B. explanation解释；C. example例子；D. research研究。句意：我们需要以身作侧。作者告诫他人，不要一直抱怨，要有行动，且要以身作则，因为自己和很多人就是这么做的。故C选项切题。
【60题详解】
考查连词辨析。A. although尽管；B. if如果；C. unless除非；D. when当......时。句意：除非你从自己做起，否则不能责怪其他人。分析句子可知，本句为unless引导的条件状语从句。符合句意。故C选项切题。
第Ⅱ卷
第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Feeling hungry? If you’re feeling extremely hungry, what’s the easiest way to satisfy your hunger? The majority of us are likely to look through a takeaway menu and order some delicious but ___61___(possible) unhealthy food. And our increasingly busy lives add to our need ___62___(buy) ready-made food on the go or delivered to home.
Eating options are endless, and new technology means we can feed our ___63___(eager) at the push of a button. Takeaway delivery apps make ordering food quick and ___64___(convenience), and during the recent Coronavirus crisis, it did provide a lifeline to those who are ___65___ (stick) at home with nothing to cook or who lacked the skills to prepare a meal for ___66___(they). It’s no wonder we are persuaded to skip the grocery shop pig, bypass the kitchen, and enjoy ___67___ someone else has prepared. But ___68___(order) a pizza or a box of noodles can come at a price in terms of economy and our health.
Of course, reducing salt, sugar and fat is one way to make takeaway food ___69___(health)，as well as offering smaller sizes. But the best advice ___70___ you might want to take away from this Takeaway English is to find a book on cooking and try making your own nutritious meal.
【答案】61. possibly
62. to buy 63. eagerness
64. convenient
65. stuck 66. themselves
67. what 68. ordering
69. healthier
70. that
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议。文章叙述了当今人们选择外卖的原因，同时结合经济和健康的角度讲到我们是要付出代价的。最终提出，我们要找一本烹饪书，尝试做自己的营养餐。
【详解】1.考查副词。句意：我们大多数人可能会浏览一下外卖菜单，点一些美味但可能不健康的食物。根据设空后的形容词unhealthy可知，空白处要用副词修饰形容词。故填possibly。
2.考查非谓语动词。句意：我们日益繁忙的生活增加了我们对现成食品的需求。分析句子可知，设空处及之后内容在句中作定语，修饰名词need，the need to do，意为“做......的需要”，所以用不定式。不填to buy。
3.考查名词。句意：吃的选择是无穷无尽的，新技术意味着我们只要按下一个按钮，就可以满足我们的渴望。根据设空前物主代词our，可知此处要用名词。故填eagerness。
4.考查形容词。句意：外卖应用程序使点餐快捷和方便。根据设空前quick and，可知此处要用形容词。故填convenient。
5.考查被动语态。句意：在最近的冠状病毒危机期间，它确实为那些被困在家里无法烹饪或自己缺乏做饭技能的人提供了一条生命线。本句为含有定语从句的复合句，关系代词who指代先行词those，先行词those和stick为动宾关系，所以stick要用被动，结合空白前are，故填stuck。
6.考查反身代词。句意同上。连接词or连接了两个定语从句，先行词都是those，who为关系代词，在从句中作主语。根据句意，此处指缺乏做饭技能的人，宾语和主语一致，所以宾语要用反身代词。故填themselves。
7.考查宾语从句。句意：难怪我们会被说服，跳过杂货店的猪，绕过厨房，享受别人准备的食物。分析句子可知，设空处及之后的内容作动词enjoy的宾语，空白处在句中作宾语，表示别人已经准备的东西，所以要用连接代词what。故填what。
8.考查非谓语动词。句意：但是从经济和健康的角度来看，订一个披萨或者一盒面条是要付出代价的。分析句子可知，　8　(order) a pizza or a box of noodles在句中作主语，表示经常性行为，所以要用动名词形式。故填ordering。
9.考查比较级。句意：当然，减少盐、糖和脂肪是使外卖食品更健康的一种方法，也是提供小号外卖食品的一种方法。根据后文“as well as offering smaller sizes”，可知空白处填比较级，表示“更健康的一种方法”，故填healthier。
10.考查同位语从句。句意：但是你可能想从这本《外卖英语》中得到的最好的建议是找一本烹饪书，尝试做你自己的营养餐。分析句子可知，　10　 you might want to take away from this Takeaway English 在句中为同位语从句，解释名词advice，因为本从句内不缺少成分，所以要用从属连词that连接。故填that。
第四部分写作（满分25分）
71. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Paul给你来信，他升入高中后，感觉学习压力很大，请你给他回封电子邮件，安慰他并给他提一些建议。要点如下：
1.寻求家人、老师和同学们的帮助；
2.参加社团，树立自信；
3.劳逸结合，多做运动。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.开头与结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
3.可根据内容要点适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Paul,
Nice to have received your last letter.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Paul,
Nice to have received your last letter. I understand that you are under a lot of stress now. Here are some suggestions for you.
Firstly, I suggest you talk about your trouble with your parents, teachers and classmates so as to get help from them. Secondly, it is a great idea to join a club you are interested in, which will surely help you make new friends and build your confidence. In addition, doing more exercise in your spare time is a wonderful way to relieve your stress, because sports will also help you sleep better at night.
I hope my suggestions can be helpful and you will get out of your trouble sooner and live happily.
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友Paul回一封电子邮件，对于他感觉学习压力很大的问题表示安慰并给他提一些建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
压力：stress→pressure
此外：in addition→what’s more
空闲时间：spare time→free time
开心地：happily→delightedly
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Firstly, I suggest you talk about your trouble with your parents, teachers and classmates so as to get help from them.
拓展句：Firstly, I suggest you talk about your trouble with your parents, teachers and classmates so that you can get help from them.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I understand that you are under a lot of stress now.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】Secondly, it is a great idea to join a club you are interested in, which will surely help you make new friends and build your confidence.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型3】In addition, doing more exercise in your spare time is a wonderful way to relieve your stress, because sports will also help you sleep better at night.（运用了because引导的原因状语从句）