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2022-2023学年湖南省邵阳市第二中学高一上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）
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这是一份2022-2023学年湖南省邵阳市第二中学高一上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版），共17页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7， B，Wh is the wman?，What did Mrs等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022年邵阳市第二中学高一年级英语期中考试试卷
时 量：100分钟 满分：100分
第一部分 听力(共两节;满分15分)
做题时， 先将答案标在试卷上， 录音内容结束后， 你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题， 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.Where does the woman suggest they go?
A.Spain. B. France C. Switzerland.
2.When does the man want to travel now?
A.On April 7th. B. On April 10th. C. On April 17th.
3.When did the woman call the man?
A.At 7:30. B. At 9:40. C.At 11:20.
4.What does the man think of his job?
A. It’s boring. B. It’s encouraging. C. It’s challenging.
5.Who is the woman?
A.The man’s daughter. B. The man’s student. C. The man’s classmate.
第二节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面2段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题， 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A.Sports. B. TV programs. C. Weekend plans.
7.Where did the man watch the match last night?
A.In a park. B.In a stadium. C. At home.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8.What did Mrs.Wilson’s father do for a living?
A.He was a cook. B.He was a teacher. C.He was a businessman.
9.What used to make Mrs.Wilson’s father happy?
A.If Mrs.Wilson had a lot of friends.
B.If Mrs.Wilson earned much money.
C.If Mrs.Wilson got straight A’s on her exams.
10.What is Mrs.Wilson’s father like now?
A.Strict . B.Friendly. C. Boring.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (共11小题;每小题2.5分，满分27.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Smart Kids is a collection of one hundred events scheduled in October. This year, it is experimenting with Pay What You Decide (PWYD). That is, you can decide to pay what you want to or can afford, after you have attended an event. You can pre-book events without paying for a ticket in advance. Here are some of the director’s picks.
Walk on the Wild Side
Not ticketed, Free
Join storyteller Sarah Law to hear science stories about animals. Along the way you’ll meet all sorts of beautiful creatures and discover life cycles and food chains. Best suited to children aged 5-9. Children under 8 must be accompanied by an adult.
Introduction to Waves
Pre-book, PWYD
Subjects range from sound waves to gravity waves, and from waves of light to crashing waves on the ocean. Mike Goldsmith explores the fundamental features shared by all waves in the natural world.
Science in the Field
Not ticketed, Free
This storytelling night features a scientist sharing his favourite memories of gathering first-hand data on various field trips. Come along for inspiring and informative stories straight from the scientist’s mouth. Join Mark Samuels to find out more in this fun-filled workshop.
Festival Dinner
Pre-book, £25 per person
Whether you want to explore more about food, or just fancy a talk over a meal, join us to mark the first science festival in London. Which foods should you eat to trick your brain into thinking that you are full? Find out more from Tom Crawford.
1. In which event can you decide the payment?
A. Introduction to Waves. B. Walk on the Wild Side.
C. Science in the Field. D. Festival Dinner.
2. Who will talk about experiences of collecting direct data?
A. Mike Goldsmith. B. Sarah Law.
C. Mark Samuels. D. Tom Crawford.
3. What do the four events have in common?
A. Family-based. B. Science-related.
C. Picked by children. D. Filled with adventures.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了Smart Kids收集的在十月份举行的四项以科学为主题的活动，以及各个活动的内容和特色。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段 “This year, it is experimenting with Pay What You Decide (PWYD). That is, you can decide to pay what you want to or can afford. (今年，它正在试验“随你决定付多少钱”(PWYD)。也就是说，你可以决定支付你想要的或负担得起的费用。)”可知，PWYD中你可以决定付款，再结合文章后面四项活动中“Introduction to Waves Pre-book, PWYD”可知，四项活动中只有Introduction to Waves有PWYD，故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Science in the Field 活动中的“This storytelling night features a scientist sharing his favourite memories of gathering first-hand data on various field trips.(在这个讲故事的夜晚，一位科学家分享了他在各种实地考察中收集第一手数据的美好回忆。)”和“Join Mark Samuels to find out more in this fun-filled workshop.（加入马克塞缪尔斯，在这个充满乐趣的研讨会了解更多。）”可知，Mark Samuels会分享他最喜欢的收集各种实地考察第一手数据的记忆。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Join storyteller Sarah Law to hear science stories about animals.（和讲故事的萨拉·劳一起来听关于动物的科学故事。)”；第三段第一句“Subjects range from sound waves to gravity waves, and from waves of light to crashing waves on the ocean.（实验对象范围从声波到重力波，从光波到撞击海洋的波浪。）”；第四段第一句“This storytelling night features a scientist sharing his favourite memories of gathering first-hand data on various field trips.（这位科学家会分享他最喜欢的收集各种实地考察第一手数据的记忆。）”与最后一段第一句 “Whether you want to explore more about food, or just fancy a talk over a meal, join us to mark the first science festival in London.（无论你是想探索更多关于食物的知识，还是只是想边吃边聊，加入我们来纪念伦敦首届科学节吧。）”可知，这四项活动的共同点都是和科学相关的，故选B。
B
One day about eight years ago in the departure lounge (休息室) of a flight from New York's LaGuardia airport to O'Hare in Chicago, I found a young boy in tears and his mother at his side also appeared upset, I walked to them and invited them to our VIP lounge.
As it turned out, the boy, Miles and his mom were returning to their home in Kansas City. Miles has had some health problems. Though he had received more than thirty operations in a Jewish Hospital in New York, he would be back for more.
Miles enjoyed spending his time in our VIP lounge looking at the entire wall filled with the pictures of many celebrities (名人) who often came to our office. We soon added Miles' picture to the wall among those celebrities.
Among the celebrities, Miles like the country singer Garth Brooks best. Miles would just sit and stare at Garth's picture,
One day, Mr. Brooks was waiting in the lounge for his flight. As he looked at the collection of photographs, Garth asked about the youngster with the big smile. We told him about Miles. We also told him how much Miles loved and respected (尊重) him. He nodded and left.
About six months later, Garth was going to be performing in Kansas City and he asked our workers to help him get in touch with the family. He wanted Miles to be his guest. That evening, not only did Miles sit in the front row, but he and Garth also had a private meeting after the performance.
Although Miles would receive many more treatments after that special evening, his smile greeted us with every following visit. The face of a sick boy was changed by the joy of a stranger.
4. What does the author probably do?
A. A worker at an airport. B. A killed photographer.
C. A country music singer. D. A doctor in a Jewish hospital.
5. What did Miles enjoy doing in the VIP lounge?
A. Interviewing celebrities he saw there.
B. Seeing pictures of celebrities on the wall.
C. Drawing pictures of the celebrities there.
D. Singing together with his favorite singer.
6. Which words can best describe Garth Brooks?
A. Determined and generous. B. Proud and selfish.
C. Kind and helpful. D. Powerful and rich.
7. What can be the best title for the text?
A. Importance of Good Service B. Kindness from Strangers
C. A Serious Health Problem D. A Helpless Mother
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在机场碰到一个身体状况很差的小男孩，他很喜欢一名乡村歌手。最终这位乡村歌手来到机场了解到小男孩的故事之后，邀请小男孩来自己演唱会的故事。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“One day about eight years ago in the departure lounge (休息室) of a flight from New York's LaGuardia airport to O'Hare in Chicago, I found a young boy in tears and his mother at his side also appeared upset, I walked to them and invited them to our VIP lounge.”可知，大约八年前的一天，在一架从纽约拉瓜迪亚机场飞往芝加哥奥黑尔机场的航班的候机室里，我发现一个小男孩在流泪，他的母亲在他身边也显得很难过。我走过去邀请他们到我们的贵宾休息室。由此推知，作者可能是一名机场工作者。故选A。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Miles enjoyed spending his time in our VIP lounge looking at the entire wall filled with the pictures of many celebrities (名人) who often came to our office.”可知，迈尔斯喜欢在我们的贵宾休息室里消磨时间，欣赏那整面墙，墙上挂满了经常来我们办公室的名人的照片。由此可知，Miles喜欢看VIP休息室的墙上名人的照片。故选B。
6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“About six months later, Garth was going to be performing in Kansas City and he asked our workers to help him get in touch with the family. He wanted Miles to be his guest. That evening, not only did Miles sit in the front row, but he and Garth also had a private meeting after the performance.”可知，大约6个月后，加斯将在堪萨斯城演出，他请我们的工作人员帮助他与家人取得联系。他想让迈尔斯做他的客人。那天晚上，迈尔斯不仅坐在前排，而且在演出结束后，他和加斯还单独见了一面。在了解了Miles的故事后，Garth Brooks不仅邀请了他来参加自己的演唱会，而且还单独见了一面。由此推知，Garth Brooks是善良的并且乐于助人的。故选C。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Although Miles would receive many more treatments after that special evening, his smile greeted us with every following visit. The face of a sick boy was changed by the joy of a stranger.”可知，虽然迈尔斯在那个特别的夜晚之后还会接受更多的治疗，但他每次来访都用微笑迎接我们。一个生病的男孩的脸被一个陌生人的快乐改变了。由此可知，文章主要讲述了一位陌生人的善良帮助了一个生病的小男孩。故选B。
C
Car companies such as Tesla and Nissan have been leading the way in electric car technology. What makes these car “green” is that because they run on electricity instead of gas, they do not give off any polluting greenhouse gases. The Toyota Mirai is also a kind of green car, since it is powered by a hydrogen fuel battery(氢燃料电池).
Hydrogen, as you know, exists in large quantities on the earth. It was used to power gaslights for centuries before electric lights came along. Hydrogen fuel can be made from many sources including water, natural gas and even rubbish. As for energy contained, 9.5kg of hydrogen is similar to 25kg of gas. According to Toyota, the two tanks on the Mirai hold 5kg of hydrogen, and can cover a distance of over 300 miles. This is twice the output of gas cars.
In a hydrogen fuel battery the one proton (质子)and one electron in a hydrogen atom(原子) are broken up. While the electrons power the car, the hydrogen protons work with the oxygen atom to produce water. At the same time, it also produces a lot of heat which turns this water into water vapor. This is the reason why cars running on hydrogen fuel batteries give off water vapor from their exhaust pipes when running.
According to Toyota, it takes only 5 minutes to refill a hydrogen tank, which is much quicker than charging (充电) electric cars. However, the biggest difficulty for the company is the availability of hydrogen-charging stations. California and the New England states are in the process of building a hydrogen superhighway—with charging stations along the way. Countries like Germany, Japan and UK are also adding more charging stations.
The Toyota Mirai will be available in the U.S. in the second half of 2015 for $ 58,000. This hydrogen-fueled car will probably take the place of gas cars in the near future. After all, it is an energy-saving and environment-friendly car.
8. According to the text, nowadays hydrogen .
A. can only be used as a fuel for cars.
B. is a newly-discovered energy source
C. provides more energy than the same amount of gas
D. will soon become the main fuel for most of Toyota’s cars
9. The third paragraph is mainly about _________. .
A. water vapor and weather B. how the Toyota Mirai works
C. different kinds of batteries D. why hydrogen is very popular
10. What can we learn about the Toyota Mirai?
A. It runs on both gas and hydrogen.
B. It will soon take place of electric cars.
C. It gives off only a few polluting greenhouse gases.
D. It may sell well with more charging stations around.
11 The underlined word “availability” in Paragraph 4 can be replaced by________?
A. practicality B. instruction
C. expansion D. composition
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了氢气燃料电池具有能量充足、续航久以及节能环保等效益，一些国家也正在建设一些氢气充电站。不久的将来，氢气燃料车将有可能代替燃气汽车。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“As for energy contained, 9.5kg of hydrogen is similar to 25kg of gas. According to Toyota, the two tanks on the Mirai hold 5kg of hydrogen, and can cover a distance of over 300 miles. This is twice the output of gas cars.(至于所包含的能量，9.5公斤氢气和25公斤气体差不多。根据丰田公司的说法，Mirai未来组合号上的两个油箱可以容纳5公斤的氢气，可以行驶300多英里。这是燃气汽车里程的两倍。)”可知，氢气燃料提供的动力比同量的燃气提供的还要多。故选C项。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“In a hydrogen fuel battery, the one proton (质子)and one electron in a hydrogen atom(原子) are broken up. While the electrons power the car, the hydrogen protons work with the oxygen atom to produce water. At the same time, it also produces a lot of heat which turns this water into water vapor. This is the reason why cars running on hydrogen fuel batteries give off water vapor from their exhaust pipes when running.(在氢燃料电池中，氢原子中一个质子和一个电子被分解。当电子为汽车提供动力时，氢质子与氧原子一起产生水。同时，它还产生大量的热量，将水变成水蒸气。这就是使用氢燃料电池的汽车在行驶时会从排气管放出水蒸气的原因。)”可知，本段主要介绍的是氢气燃料电池是如何给车提供动力的，即丰田Mirai的工作原理。故选B项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“California and the New England states are in the process of building a hydrogen superhighway—with charging stations along the way. Countries like Germany, Japan and UK are also adding more charging stations.(加利福尼亚和新英格兰各州正在建设一条氢超级高速公路——沿途都有充电站。德国、日本和英国等国家也在增加更多的充电站。)”可知，充电站的建设和增加会使得丰田Mirai普及，它的销量可能变得更好。故选D项。
【11题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段“However, the biggest difficulty for the company is the availability of hydrogen-charging stations.(然而，该公司面临的最大困难是氢充电站的availability)”可知，现在该公司面临一个问题，就是关于充电站的问题，因此可推知是该问题是缺乏充电站，即：充电站的可用性，因此划线词与A项“practicality可用性”意义相近。故选A项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分。满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Losing weight is tough. For most people, it requires a change in diet, a change in exercise habits, and a change in attitude. ____12____
Set healthy goals.
If you're overweight and want to change that, the first step is deciding what your target weight is. ____13____
Start small.
Making major behavior modifications isn't something that happens overnight. ____14____ Commit to eating 5 servings of vegetables a day and exercising 2 days a week for the first week, then add a little more each week.
Track your diet and exercise.
Now it's time to start working toward that goal. The best way to stick with your diet and exercise rules is to track it. ____15____ Or you can do it in the old fashioned way and keep a written food and exercise journal. Find what works for you and write down what you've accomplished every day.
____16____
Every month you should take a look at your goal and see what type of progress you've made toward accomplishing it. If you're not where you want to be, make minor adjustments. Try doing different exercises or cutting back on certain types of foods that you may be eating too much of.
Losing weight and keeping it off is a highly personal thing. Find what works for you and stick with it.
A. Evaluate and adjust.
B. Here's how you can accomplish all the three.
C. You might as well start with your own attitude.
D. There are plenty of Apps that allow you to do this.
E. What steps are you going to take to achieve your goal?
F. So start with 1—2 things per week and work up from there.
G. Write down your goal and set a date by which you want to accomplish that goal.
【答案】12. B 13. G 14. F 15. D 16. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍减肥需要改变饮食，改变锻炼习惯，改变态度以及如何做到这三点的方法。
【12题详解】
根据上文“Losing weight is tough. For most people, it requires a change in diet, a change in exercise habits, and a change in attitude.(减肥很困难。对大多数人来说，这需要改变饮食，改变锻炼习惯，改变态度)”结合后文主要说明了做到改变饮食，改变锻炼习惯，改变态度的方法。B选项“以下是你如何完成这三件事的方法”符合语境，故选B。
13题详解】
根据小标题“Set healthy goals.(树立健康的目标)”以及上文“If you're overweight and want to change that, the first step is deciding what your target weight is.(如果你超重，想要改变，第一步是确定你的目标体重是多少)”可知，本段主要介绍了设定正常合理的目标，G选项中goal对应上文中goals。G选项“写下你的目标，并设定一个你想要完成目标的日期”符合语境，故选G。
【14题详解】
根据小标题“Start small.(从小处起步)”以及后文“Commit to eating 5 servings of vegetables a day and exercising 2 days a week for the first week, then add a little more each week.(第一周保证每天吃5种蔬菜，每周锻炼2天，然后每周增加一点)”可知，该段主要介绍从小处起步，结合下文提到了第一周改变的两个习惯，并且每周增加要改变的一些习惯，可见本句是在说明如何从小的事情开始，F选项“所以从每周做1到2件事情开始，然后从那里开始”符合语境，故选F。
【15题详解】
根据上文“Now it's time to start working toward that goal. The best way to stick with your diet and exercise rules is to track it.(现在是时候开始朝着这个目标努力了。坚持你的饮食和锻炼规则的最好方法是跟踪它)”以及后文“Or you can do it in the old fashioned way and keep a written food and exercise journal. Find what works for you and write down what you've accomplished every day.(或者你可以用传统的方式来做，写饮食和锻炼日记。找出对你有效的方法，写下你每天完成的事情)”可知，本句与后文构成并列，主要是针对如何记录锻炼和饮食数据的方法进行说明，D选项“有很多应用程序允许你这样做”符合语境，故选D。
【16题详解】
根据后文“Every month you should take a look at your goal and see what type of progress you've made toward accomplishing it. If you're not where you want to be, make minor adjustments. Try doing different exercises or cutting back on certain types of foods that you may be eating too much of.(每个月你都应该审视一下你的目标，看看你在实现目标的过程中取得了哪些进展。如果你不在你想要的地方，做一些小的调整。尝试做不同的运动或减少某些你可能吃得太多的食物)”可知，该段主要介绍评价和调整自己的减肥行动，A选项中adjust对应后文中adjustments。A选项“评估和调整”符合语境，故选A。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I was nine years old, I loved to go fishing with my dad. But the only thing that wasn’t very ____17____ about it was that he could catch many fish while I couldn’t catch anything. I usually got pretty ____18____ and kept asking him why. He always answered, “Son, if you want to catch a fish, you have to think like a fish. ” I remember being even more upset then because. “I’m not a fish!” I didn’t know how to ____19____ the same thought. Besides, I ____20____, how could what I think ____21____ what a fish does?
As I got a little older I began to understand what my dad really ____22____. So, I read some books on fish. And I even joined the local fishing club and started to ____23____the regular meetings. I learned that a fish is a cold-blooded animal and therefore is very ____24____ to water temperature. That is why fish prefer ____25____ water to deep water because the former is warmer. Besides. water is usually warmer in direct sunlight than in the _____26_____. Yet. fish don’t have any eyelids（眼皮）and the sun hurts their eyes. The more I understood fish, the more I became _____27_____ at finding and catching them.
When I grew up and entered the _____28_____ circles, I remember hearing my first boss say, “We all need to think like _____29_____. ” But it didn’t completely _____30_____. My dad never once said. “If you want to catch a fish you need to think like a fisherman. ”Years later, with great efforts to promote(推广) long-term services to people much older and richer than me, I came to _____31_____ what we all need is to think more like customers.
17. A. fun B. awkward C. content D. amused
18. A. amazed B. upset C. disappointed D. athletic
19. A. strike B. share C. think D. enquire
20. A. wondered B. admitted C. edited D. recognized
21. A. exchange B. quit C. mislead D. influence
22. A. experienced B. announced C. meant D. mattered
23. A. attend B. join C. exchange D. schedule
24. A. afraid B. positive C. negative D. sensitive
25. A. cold B. shallow C. fresh D. hot
26. A. shelter B. settlement C. shade D. activity
27. A. expert B. outgoing C. comfortable D. glorious
28. A. education B. agriculture C. business D. government
29. A. customers B. salesmen C. fishermen D. fathers
30. A. make it B. make sense C. make up D. make out
31. A. comb B. copy C. establish D. realize
【答案】17. A 18. B 19. B 20. A 21. D 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. B 31. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了作者通过他父亲教授他的钓鱼方法，告诉大家从事销售时要像消费者一样去思考。
【17题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但唯一不太有趣的事，他能钓到很多鱼，而我什么也钓不到。A. fun有趣的；B. awkward尴尬的；C. content满意的；D. amused被逗乐的。根据第1空前后“But the only thing that wasn’t very ____1____ about it was that he could catch many fish while I couldn’t catch anything.”可知此处指没“趣的”事情。故选A。
【18题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我经常很生气，不停地问他为什么。A. amazed感到惊讶的；B. upset心烦的；C. disappointed感到失望的；D. athletic运动的。根据下文“I remember being even more upset then because.”可知，此处指没钓到鱼“心烦”。故选B。
【19题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不知道如何分享同样的想法。A. strike撞击，击打；B. share分享；C. think想，认为；D. enquire询问，调查。根据第3空前后“I didn’t know how to ____3____ the same thought.”可知，此处指“分享”想法。故选B。
【20题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，我还在想，我的想法怎么能影响鱼的行为呢? A. wondered想知道；B. admitted承认；C. edited编辑；D. recognized认识，意识到。根据下文“how could what I think”可知，此处指作者“想知道”。故选A。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，我还在想，我的想法怎么能影响鱼的行为呢? A. exchange交换；B. quit停止；C. mislead误导；D. influence影响。根据第5空前后“how could what I think ____5____ what a fish does?”可知，此处指怎么“影响”。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着年龄的增长，我开始理解父亲的真正含义。A. experienced体验，经历；B. announced宣布；C. meant意味；D. mattered要紧，重要。根据第6空前文“As I got a little older I began to understand what my dad really”可知，此处指父亲“意味”什么。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我甚至加入了当地的钓鱼俱乐部，并开始参加定期聚会。A. attend出席；B. join参加；C. exchange交换；D. schedule安排，预定。根据第7空后“the regular meetings”可知，此处指“出席”会议。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我了解到鱼是冷血动物，因此对水温非常敏感。A. afraid害怕的；B. positive积极的；C. negative消极的；D. sensitive敏感的。根据空后“to water temperature”可知，此处指对水温“敏感”。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么鱼喜欢浅水而不喜欢深水，因为浅水比较温暖。A. cold冷的；B. shallow浅的；C. fresh新鲜的；D. hot热的。根据第9空前后“That is why fish prefer ____9____ water to deep water”可知，此处指“浅的”水。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：此外，阳光直射下的水通常比阴凉处的水更温暖。A. shelter遮蔽；B. settlement解决，处理；C. shade树荫；D. activity活动。根据空前“water is usually warmer in direct sunlight than in the”可知，此处指“阴凉处”。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我对鱼了解得越多，我就越擅长寻找和捕捉它们。A. expert熟练的；B. outgoing开朗的；C. comfortable舒适的；D. glorious光荣的。根据第11空前后“The more I understood fish, the more I became ____11____ at finding and catching them.”可知，此处指“擅长”。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我长大进入商界时，我记得听我的第一个老板说:“我们都需要像父亲一样思考。”A. education教育；B. agriculture农业；C. business商业，生意；D. government政府。根据第12空前后“When I grew up and entered the ____12____ circles, I remember hearing my first boss say,”可知，此处指进入“商界”。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我长大进入商界时，我记得听我的第一个老板说:“我们都需要像父亲一样思考。”A. customers顾客；B. salesmen销售员；C. fishermen渔夫；D. fathers父亲。根据前面提到的进入商业，所以这里指“销售员”。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：但这并不完全合理。A. make it成功；B. make sense有意义，讲得通；C. make up 组成，编造；D. make out明白，理解。此处指不合理。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：多年后，我努力向比我年长和富有得多的人推广长期服务，我意识到我们都需要的是像顾客一样思考。A. comb梳子；B. copy复制；C. establish建立；D. realize意识到。固定搭配：come to realize的意思是“渐渐意识到”。故选D。
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Zhang Guimei was born to a family of ethnic Manchu minority group in Heilongjiang Province in 1957. ____32____ the age of 17, she came with her sister to Yunnan as part of a team supporting the country’s border regions.
Over time, Zhang witnessed the gender gap in education up close in ____33____(relative) poor rural areas. And the traditional ____34____(believe) of male superiority only worsened rural girls’ inferior situation. Some girls were even pulled out of class just before the college entrance exam because they had to provide for their ____35____(brother).
In 2002, Zhang came up with an idea ____36____, to many, seemed crazy: to found a free high school for girls. That was a tough task. She had to raise money and hire teachers. Six years later, the Huaping All-Girls High School ____37____(found). Given the rugged environment, however, nine of the original 17 teachers later resigned. With the goal of never letting a girl fall behind in schooling, Zhang often works overtime despite ____38____(suffer) from illnesses. With her poor health, over the past several years, she ____39____(walk) to almost every household deep in the mountains, talking to the parents about ____40____ importance of education for girls.
Because of Zhang’s efforts _____41_____(improve) female education in China, more girls can change their destiny(命运).
【答案】32. At 33. relatively
34. belief 35. brothers
36. which##that
37. was founded
38. suffering
39. has walked
40. the 41. to improve
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了张桂梅对女孩获得平等教育所付出的努力。
【32题详解】
考查介词。句意：17岁时，她随姐姐来到云南，作为支持该国边境地区的团队的一员。at the age of 意为“在……岁时”，为固定短语，且位于句首，首字母需要大写。故填At。
【33题详解】
考查副词。句意：随着时间的推移，张亲眼目睹了相对贫困农村地区教育中的性别差距。此空处为副词修饰形容词poor作状语。故填relatively。
【34题详解】
考查名词。句意：而传统的男性优越观念只会加剧农村女孩的劣势。空处应填名词作主语，belief“观念，信念”符合题意。故填belief。
【35题详解】
考查名词。句意：有些女孩甚至在高考前被拉出课堂，因为她们必须供养兄弟。此空处位于形容词性物主代词之后，应该填名词，brother为可数名词，结合语意可知是复数。故填brothers。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：2002年，张提出了一个在许多人看来很疯狂的想法：为女子建立一所免费的高中。分析可知，空处引导定语从句，从句中缺少主语，应该填关系代词，先行词idea指物，故填which/that。
【37题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：六年后，华坪女子中学成立。结合语境和时间状语Six years later可知，使用一般过去时态，主语the Huaping All-Girls High School与found间为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was founded。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：为了不让女孩在学业上落后，张某不顾身患病，经常加班。此空处位于介词despite之后，需填动名词作宾语。故填suffering。
【39题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：带着病体，这几年她几乎走遍了深山里的每一户人家，和家长们谈论教育对女孩的重要性。分析句子结构可知，此处应该填写谓语，根据时间状语over the past several years可知，应使用现在完成时态，句子主语she与walk为主动关系，且为单数。故填has walked。
【40题详解】
考查冠词。句意：由于身体不好，这几年她几乎走遍了深山里的每一户人家，和家长们谈论教育对女孩的重要性。此空处位于名词importance前，需填冠词，特指女子教育的重要性。故填the。
【41题详解】
考查不定式。句意：由于张努力改善中国的女性教育，更多的女孩可以改变自己的命运。分析句子结构可知，此空处为非谓语动词作定语修饰effort，effort后应使用不定式形式。故填to improve。
第四部分 写作 (共1节，满分15分)
42. 假定你是李华，收到朋友Jamie的来信。信中Jamie向你诉说了自己的困扰：近日容易发脾气，使正常的学习和生活受到了影响。请用英文给该朋友写一封回信。
内容要点如下：
1)表示理解并给予安慰；
2)提出建议并说明理由。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Jamie,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jamie,
I’m sorry to know that you always lose your temper, making it impossible for you to focus on your study and live a normal life. I truly understand you and you don’t have to be so worried about it. Here are three useful tips to help you deal with your problem.
First, talk to someone who you trust about how you feel. This is a good way of letting your anger out without hurting others or yourself. Second, go outdoors and play team games with your friends, as physical exercise is an effective way to get rid of anger. And third, remain hopeful about your future. Such a positive attitude towards life can be helpful in lifting your spirits.
I hope you’ll soon feel calmer and carry on as normal.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给你朋友Jamie回一封信安慰他，给他一些建议帮助他摆脱掉爱发脾气的困扰。
【详解】1.词汇积累
集中注意力：focus on→concentrate on
处理：deal with→cope with
首先：first→firstly
积极的：positive→optimistic
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’m sorry to know that you always lose your temper, making it impossible for you to focus on your study and live a normal life.
拓展句：I’m sorry to know that you always lose your temper, which makes it impossible for you to focus on your study and live a normal life.
【点睛】【高分句型1】First, talk to someone who you trust about how you feel.（运用了who引导定语从句和how引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】Second, go outdoors and play team games with your friends, as physical exercise is an effective way to get rid of anger.（运用了as引导原因状语从句）
2022年邵阳市第二中学高一年级英语期中考试试卷
时 量：100分钟 满分：100分
第一部分 听力(共两节;满分15分)
做题时， 先将答案标在试卷上， 录音内容结束后， 你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题， 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.Where does the woman suggest they go?
A.Spain. B. France C. Switzerland.
2.When does the man want to travel now?
A.On April 7th. B. On April 10th. C. On April 17th.
3.When did the woman call the man?
A.At 7:30. B. At 9:40. C.At 11:20.
4.What does the man think of his job?
A. It’s boring. B. It’s encouraging. C. It’s challenging.
5.Who is the woman?
A.The man’s daughter. B. The man’s student. C. The man’s classmate.
第二节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面2段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题， 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A.Sports. B. TV programs. C. Weekend plans.
7.Where did the man watch the match last night?
A.In a park. B.In a stadium. C. At home.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8.What did Mrs.Wilson’s father do for a living?
A.He was a cook. B.He was a teacher. C.He was a businessman.
9.What used to make Mrs.Wilson’s father happy?
A.If Mrs.Wilson had a lot of friends.
B.If Mrs.Wilson earned much money.
C.If Mrs.Wilson got straight A’s on her exams.
10.What is Mrs.Wilson’s father like now?
A.Strict . B.Friendly. C. Boring.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (共11小题;每小题2.5分，满分27.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Smart Kids is a collection of one hundred events scheduled in October. This year, it is experimenting with Pay What You Decide (PWYD). That is, you can decide to pay what you want to or can afford, after you have attended an event. You can pre-book events without paying for a ticket in advance. Here are some of the director’s picks.
Walk on the Wild Side
Not ticketed, Free
Join storyteller Sarah Law to hear science stories about animals. Along the way you’ll meet all sorts of beautiful creatures and discover life cycles and food chains. Best suited to children aged 5-9. Children under 8 must be accompanied by an adult.
Introduction to Waves
Pre-book, PWYD
Subjects range from sound waves to gravity waves, and from waves of light to crashing waves on the ocean. Mike Goldsmith explores the fundamental features shared by all waves in the natural world.
Science in the Field
Not ticketed, Free
This storytelling night features a scientist sharing his favourite memories of gathering first-hand data on various field trips. Come along for inspiring and informative stories straight from the scientist’s mouth. Join Mark Samuels to find out more in this fun-filled workshop.
Festival Dinner
Pre-book, £25 per person
Whether you want to explore more about food, or just fancy a talk over a meal, join us to mark the first science festival in London. Which foods should you eat to trick your brain into thinking that you are full? Find out more from Tom Crawford.
1. In which event can you decide the payment?
A. Introduction to Waves. B. Walk on the Wild Side.
C. Science in the Field. D. Festival Dinner.
2. Who will talk about experiences of collecting direct data?
A. Mike Goldsmith. B. Sarah Law.
C. Mark Samuels. D. Tom Crawford.
3. What do the four events have in common?
A. Family-based. B. Science-related.
C. Picked by children. D. Filled with adventures.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了Smart Kids收集的在十月份举行的四项以科学为主题的活动，以及各个活动的内容和特色。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段 “This year, it is experimenting with Pay What You Decide (PWYD). That is, you can decide to pay what you want to or can afford. (今年，它正在试验“随你决定付多少钱”(PWYD)。也就是说，你可以决定支付你想要的或负担得起的费用。)”可知，PWYD中你可以决定付款，再结合文章后面四项活动中“Introduction to Waves Pre-book, PWYD”可知，四项活动中只有Introduction to Waves有PWYD，故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Science in the Field 活动中的“This storytelling night features a scientist sharing his favourite memories of gathering first-hand data on various field trips.(在这个讲故事的夜晚，一位科学家分享了他在各种实地考察中收集第一手数据的美好回忆。)”和“Join Mark Samuels to find out more in this fun-filled workshop.（加入马克塞缪尔斯，在这个充满乐趣的研讨会了解更多。）”可知，Mark Samuels会分享他最喜欢的收集各种实地考察第一手数据的记忆。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Join storyteller Sarah Law to hear science stories about animals.（和讲故事的萨拉·劳一起来听关于动物的科学故事。)”；第三段第一句“Subjects range from sound waves to gravity waves, and from waves of light to crashing waves on the ocean.（实验对象范围从声波到重力波，从光波到撞击海洋的波浪。）”；第四段第一句“This storytelling night features a scientist sharing his favourite memories of gathering first-hand data on various field trips.（这位科学家会分享他最喜欢的收集各种实地考察第一手数据的记忆。）”与最后一段第一句 “Whether you want to explore more about food, or just fancy a talk over a meal, join us to mark the first science festival in London.（无论你是想探索更多关于食物的知识，还是只是想边吃边聊，加入我们来纪念伦敦首届科学节吧。）”可知，这四项活动的共同点都是和科学相关的，故选B。
B
One day about eight years ago in the departure lounge (休息室) of a flight from New York's LaGuardia airport to O'Hare in Chicago, I found a young boy in tears and his mother at his side also appeared upset, I walked to them and invited them to our VIP lounge.
As it turned out, the boy, Miles and his mom were returning to their home in Kansas City. Miles has had some health problems. Though he had received more than thirty operations in a Jewish Hospital in New York, he would be back for more.
Miles enjoyed spending his time in our VIP lounge looking at the entire wall filled with the pictures of many celebrities (名人) who often came to our office. We soon added Miles' picture to the wall among those celebrities.
Among the celebrities, Miles like the country singer Garth Brooks best. Miles would just sit and stare at Garth's picture,
One day, Mr. Brooks was waiting in the lounge for his flight. As he looked at the collection of photographs, Garth asked about the youngster with the big smile. We told him about Miles. We also told him how much Miles loved and respected (尊重) him. He nodded and left.
About six months later, Garth was going to be performing in Kansas City and he asked our workers to help him get in touch with the family. He wanted Miles to be his guest. That evening, not only did Miles sit in the front row, but he and Garth also had a private meeting after the performance.
Although Miles would receive many more treatments after that special evening, his smile greeted us with every following visit. The face of a sick boy was changed by the joy of a stranger.
4. What does the author probably do?
A. A worker at an airport. B. A killed photographer.
C. A country music singer. D. A doctor in a Jewish hospital.
5. What did Miles enjoy doing in the VIP lounge?
A. Interviewing celebrities he saw there.
B. Seeing pictures of celebrities on the wall.
C. Drawing pictures of the celebrities there.
D. Singing together with his favorite singer.
6. Which words can best describe Garth Brooks?
A. Determined and generous. B. Proud and selfish.
C. Kind and helpful. D. Powerful and rich.
7. What can be the best title for the text?
A. Importance of Good Service B. Kindness from Strangers
C. A Serious Health Problem D. A Helpless Mother
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在机场碰到一个身体状况很差的小男孩，他很喜欢一名乡村歌手。最终这位乡村歌手来到机场了解到小男孩的故事之后，邀请小男孩来自己演唱会的故事。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“One day about eight years ago in the departure lounge (休息室) of a flight from New York's LaGuardia airport to O'Hare in Chicago, I found a young boy in tears and his mother at his side also appeared upset, I walked to them and invited them to our VIP lounge.”可知，大约八年前的一天，在一架从纽约拉瓜迪亚机场飞往芝加哥奥黑尔机场的航班的候机室里，我发现一个小男孩在流泪，他的母亲在他身边也显得很难过。我走过去邀请他们到我们的贵宾休息室。由此推知，作者可能是一名机场工作者。故选A。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Miles enjoyed spending his time in our VIP lounge looking at the entire wall filled with the pictures of many celebrities (名人) who often came to our office.”可知，迈尔斯喜欢在我们的贵宾休息室里消磨时间，欣赏那整面墙，墙上挂满了经常来我们办公室的名人的照片。由此可知，Miles喜欢看VIP休息室的墙上名人的照片。故选B。
6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“About six months later, Garth was going to be performing in Kansas City and he asked our workers to help him get in touch with the family. He wanted Miles to be his guest. That evening, not only did Miles sit in the front row, but he and Garth also had a private meeting after the performance.”可知，大约6个月后，加斯将在堪萨斯城演出，他请我们的工作人员帮助他与家人取得联系。他想让迈尔斯做他的客人。那天晚上，迈尔斯不仅坐在前排，而且在演出结束后，他和加斯还单独见了一面。在了解了Miles的故事后，Garth Brooks不仅邀请了他来参加自己的演唱会，而且还单独见了一面。由此推知，Garth Brooks是善良的并且乐于助人的。故选C。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Although Miles would receive many more treatments after that special evening, his smile greeted us with every following visit. The face of a sick boy was changed by the joy of a stranger.”可知，虽然迈尔斯在那个特别的夜晚之后还会接受更多的治疗，但他每次来访都用微笑迎接我们。一个生病的男孩的脸被一个陌生人的快乐改变了。由此可知，文章主要讲述了一位陌生人的善良帮助了一个生病的小男孩。故选B。
C
Car companies such as Tesla and Nissan have been leading the way in electric car technology. What makes these car “green” is that because they run on electricity instead of gas, they do not give off any polluting greenhouse gases. The Toyota Mirai is also a kind of green car, since it is powered by a hydrogen fuel battery(氢燃料电池).
Hydrogen, as you know, exists in large quantities on the earth. It was used to power gaslights for centuries before electric lights came along. Hydrogen fuel can be made from many sources including water, natural gas and even rubbish. As for energy contained, 9.5kg of hydrogen is similar to 25kg of gas. According to Toyota, the two tanks on the Mirai hold 5kg of hydrogen, and can cover a distance of over 300 miles. This is twice the output of gas cars.
In a hydrogen fuel battery the one proton (质子)and one electron in a hydrogen atom(原子) are broken up. While the electrons power the car, the hydrogen protons work with the oxygen atom to produce water. At the same time, it also produces a lot of heat which turns this water into water vapor. This is the reason why cars running on hydrogen fuel batteries give off water vapor from their exhaust pipes when running.
According to Toyota, it takes only 5 minutes to refill a hydrogen tank, which is much quicker than charging (充电) electric cars. However, the biggest difficulty for the company is the availability of hydrogen-charging stations. California and the New England states are in the process of building a hydrogen superhighway—with charging stations along the way. Countries like Germany, Japan and UK are also adding more charging stations.
The Toyota Mirai will be available in the U.S. in the second half of 2015 for $ 58,000. This hydrogen-fueled car will probably take the place of gas cars in the near future. After all, it is an energy-saving and environment-friendly car.
8. According to the text, nowadays hydrogen .
A. can only be used as a fuel for cars.
B. is a newly-discovered energy source
C. provides more energy than the same amount of gas
D. will soon become the main fuel for most of Toyota’s cars
9. The third paragraph is mainly about _________. .
A. water vapor and weather B. how the Toyota Mirai works
C. different kinds of batteries D. why hydrogen is very popular
10. What can we learn about the Toyota Mirai?
A. It runs on both gas and hydrogen.
B. It will soon take place of electric cars.
C. It gives off only a few polluting greenhouse gases.
D. It may sell well with more charging stations around.
11 The underlined word “availability” in Paragraph 4 can be replaced by________?
A. practicality B. instruction
C. expansion D. composition
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了氢气燃料电池具有能量充足、续航久以及节能环保等效益，一些国家也正在建设一些氢气充电站。不久的将来，氢气燃料车将有可能代替燃气汽车。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“As for energy contained, 9.5kg of hydrogen is similar to 25kg of gas. According to Toyota, the two tanks on the Mirai hold 5kg of hydrogen, and can cover a distance of over 300 miles. This is twice the output of gas cars.(至于所包含的能量，9.5公斤氢气和25公斤气体差不多。根据丰田公司的说法，Mirai未来组合号上的两个油箱可以容纳5公斤的氢气，可以行驶300多英里。这是燃气汽车里程的两倍。)”可知，氢气燃料提供的动力比同量的燃气提供的还要多。故选C项。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“In a hydrogen fuel battery, the one proton (质子)and one electron in a hydrogen atom(原子) are broken up. While the electrons power the car, the hydrogen protons work with the oxygen atom to produce water. At the same time, it also produces a lot of heat which turns this water into water vapor. This is the reason why cars running on hydrogen fuel batteries give off water vapor from their exhaust pipes when running.(在氢燃料电池中，氢原子中一个质子和一个电子被分解。当电子为汽车提供动力时，氢质子与氧原子一起产生水。同时，它还产生大量的热量，将水变成水蒸气。这就是使用氢燃料电池的汽车在行驶时会从排气管放出水蒸气的原因。)”可知，本段主要介绍的是氢气燃料电池是如何给车提供动力的，即丰田Mirai的工作原理。故选B项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“California and the New England states are in the process of building a hydrogen superhighway—with charging stations along the way. Countries like Germany, Japan and UK are also adding more charging stations.(加利福尼亚和新英格兰各州正在建设一条氢超级高速公路——沿途都有充电站。德国、日本和英国等国家也在增加更多的充电站。)”可知，充电站的建设和增加会使得丰田Mirai普及，它的销量可能变得更好。故选D项。
【11题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段“However, the biggest difficulty for the company is the availability of hydrogen-charging stations.(然而，该公司面临的最大困难是氢充电站的availability)”可知，现在该公司面临一个问题，就是关于充电站的问题，因此可推知是该问题是缺乏充电站，即：充电站的可用性，因此划线词与A项“practicality可用性”意义相近。故选A项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分。满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Losing weight is tough. For most people, it requires a change in diet, a change in exercise habits, and a change in attitude. ____12____
Set healthy goals.
If you're overweight and want to change that, the first step is deciding what your target weight is. ____13____
Start small.
Making major behavior modifications isn't something that happens overnight. ____14____ Commit to eating 5 servings of vegetables a day and exercising 2 days a week for the first week, then add a little more each week.
Track your diet and exercise.
Now it's time to start working toward that goal. The best way to stick with your diet and exercise rules is to track it. ____15____ Or you can do it in the old fashioned way and keep a written food and exercise journal. Find what works for you and write down what you've accomplished every day.
____16____
Every month you should take a look at your goal and see what type of progress you've made toward accomplishing it. If you're not where you want to be, make minor adjustments. Try doing different exercises or cutting back on certain types of foods that you may be eating too much of.
Losing weight and keeping it off is a highly personal thing. Find what works for you and stick with it.
A. Evaluate and adjust.
B. Here's how you can accomplish all the three.
C. You might as well start with your own attitude.
D. There are plenty of Apps that allow you to do this.
E. What steps are you going to take to achieve your goal?
F. So start with 1—2 things per week and work up from there.
G. Write down your goal and set a date by which you want to accomplish that goal.
【答案】12. B 13. G 14. F 15. D 16. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍减肥需要改变饮食，改变锻炼习惯，改变态度以及如何做到这三点的方法。
【12题详解】
根据上文“Losing weight is tough. For most people, it requires a change in diet, a change in exercise habits, and a change in attitude.(减肥很困难。对大多数人来说，这需要改变饮食，改变锻炼习惯，改变态度)”结合后文主要说明了做到改变饮食，改变锻炼习惯，改变态度的方法。B选项“以下是你如何完成这三件事的方法”符合语境，故选B。
13题详解】
根据小标题“Set healthy goals.(树立健康的目标)”以及上文“If you're overweight and want to change that, the first step is deciding what your target weight is.(如果你超重，想要改变，第一步是确定你的目标体重是多少)”可知，本段主要介绍了设定正常合理的目标，G选项中goal对应上文中goals。G选项“写下你的目标，并设定一个你想要完成目标的日期”符合语境，故选G。
【14题详解】
根据小标题“Start small.(从小处起步)”以及后文“Commit to eating 5 servings of vegetables a day and exercising 2 days a week for the first week, then add a little more each week.(第一周保证每天吃5种蔬菜，每周锻炼2天，然后每周增加一点)”可知，该段主要介绍从小处起步，结合下文提到了第一周改变的两个习惯，并且每周增加要改变的一些习惯，可见本句是在说明如何从小的事情开始，F选项“所以从每周做1到2件事情开始，然后从那里开始”符合语境，故选F。
【15题详解】
根据上文“Now it's time to start working toward that goal. The best way to stick with your diet and exercise rules is to track it.(现在是时候开始朝着这个目标努力了。坚持你的饮食和锻炼规则的最好方法是跟踪它)”以及后文“Or you can do it in the old fashioned way and keep a written food and exercise journal. Find what works for you and write down what you've accomplished every day.(或者你可以用传统的方式来做，写饮食和锻炼日记。找出对你有效的方法，写下你每天完成的事情)”可知，本句与后文构成并列，主要是针对如何记录锻炼和饮食数据的方法进行说明，D选项“有很多应用程序允许你这样做”符合语境，故选D。
【16题详解】
根据后文“Every month you should take a look at your goal and see what type of progress you've made toward accomplishing it. If you're not where you want to be, make minor adjustments. Try doing different exercises or cutting back on certain types of foods that you may be eating too much of.(每个月你都应该审视一下你的目标，看看你在实现目标的过程中取得了哪些进展。如果你不在你想要的地方，做一些小的调整。尝试做不同的运动或减少某些你可能吃得太多的食物)”可知，该段主要介绍评价和调整自己的减肥行动，A选项中adjust对应后文中adjustments。A选项“评估和调整”符合语境，故选A。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I was nine years old, I loved to go fishing with my dad. But the only thing that wasn’t very ____17____ about it was that he could catch many fish while I couldn’t catch anything. I usually got pretty ____18____ and kept asking him why. He always answered, “Son, if you want to catch a fish, you have to think like a fish. ” I remember being even more upset then because. “I’m not a fish!” I didn’t know how to ____19____ the same thought. Besides, I ____20____, how could what I think ____21____ what a fish does?
As I got a little older I began to understand what my dad really ____22____. So, I read some books on fish. And I even joined the local fishing club and started to ____23____the regular meetings. I learned that a fish is a cold-blooded animal and therefore is very ____24____ to water temperature. That is why fish prefer ____25____ water to deep water because the former is warmer. Besides. water is usually warmer in direct sunlight than in the _____26_____. Yet. fish don’t have any eyelids（眼皮）and the sun hurts their eyes. The more I understood fish, the more I became _____27_____ at finding and catching them.
When I grew up and entered the _____28_____ circles, I remember hearing my first boss say, “We all need to think like _____29_____. ” But it didn’t completely _____30_____. My dad never once said. “If you want to catch a fish you need to think like a fisherman. ”Years later, with great efforts to promote(推广) long-term services to people much older and richer than me, I came to _____31_____ what we all need is to think more like customers.
17. A. fun B. awkward C. content D. amused
18. A. amazed B. upset C. disappointed D. athletic
19. A. strike B. share C. think D. enquire
20. A. wondered B. admitted C. edited D. recognized
21. A. exchange B. quit C. mislead D. influence
22. A. experienced B. announced C. meant D. mattered
23. A. attend B. join C. exchange D. schedule
24. A. afraid B. positive C. negative D. sensitive
25. A. cold B. shallow C. fresh D. hot
26. A. shelter B. settlement C. shade D. activity
27. A. expert B. outgoing C. comfortable D. glorious
28. A. education B. agriculture C. business D. government
29. A. customers B. salesmen C. fishermen D. fathers
30. A. make it B. make sense C. make up D. make out
31. A. comb B. copy C. establish D. realize
【答案】17. A 18. B 19. B 20. A 21. D 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. B 31. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了作者通过他父亲教授他的钓鱼方法，告诉大家从事销售时要像消费者一样去思考。
【17题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但唯一不太有趣的事，他能钓到很多鱼，而我什么也钓不到。A. fun有趣的；B. awkward尴尬的；C. content满意的；D. amused被逗乐的。根据第1空前后“But the only thing that wasn’t very ____1____ about it was that he could catch many fish while I couldn’t catch anything.”可知此处指没“趣的”事情。故选A。
【18题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我经常很生气，不停地问他为什么。A. amazed感到惊讶的；B. upset心烦的；C. disappointed感到失望的；D. athletic运动的。根据下文“I remember being even more upset then because.”可知，此处指没钓到鱼“心烦”。故选B。
【19题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不知道如何分享同样的想法。A. strike撞击，击打；B. share分享；C. think想，认为；D. enquire询问，调查。根据第3空前后“I didn’t know how to ____3____ the same thought.”可知，此处指“分享”想法。故选B。
【20题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，我还在想，我的想法怎么能影响鱼的行为呢? A. wondered想知道；B. admitted承认；C. edited编辑；D. recognized认识，意识到。根据下文“how could what I think”可知，此处指作者“想知道”。故选A。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，我还在想，我的想法怎么能影响鱼的行为呢? A. exchange交换；B. quit停止；C. mislead误导；D. influence影响。根据第5空前后“how could what I think ____5____ what a fish does?”可知，此处指怎么“影响”。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着年龄的增长，我开始理解父亲的真正含义。A. experienced体验，经历；B. announced宣布；C. meant意味；D. mattered要紧，重要。根据第6空前文“As I got a little older I began to understand what my dad really”可知，此处指父亲“意味”什么。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我甚至加入了当地的钓鱼俱乐部，并开始参加定期聚会。A. attend出席；B. join参加；C. exchange交换；D. schedule安排，预定。根据第7空后“the regular meetings”可知，此处指“出席”会议。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我了解到鱼是冷血动物，因此对水温非常敏感。A. afraid害怕的；B. positive积极的；C. negative消极的；D. sensitive敏感的。根据空后“to water temperature”可知，此处指对水温“敏感”。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么鱼喜欢浅水而不喜欢深水，因为浅水比较温暖。A. cold冷的；B. shallow浅的；C. fresh新鲜的；D. hot热的。根据第9空前后“That is why fish prefer ____9____ water to deep water”可知，此处指“浅的”水。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：此外，阳光直射下的水通常比阴凉处的水更温暖。A. shelter遮蔽；B. settlement解决，处理；C. shade树荫；D. activity活动。根据空前“water is usually warmer in direct sunlight than in the”可知，此处指“阴凉处”。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我对鱼了解得越多，我就越擅长寻找和捕捉它们。A. expert熟练的；B. outgoing开朗的；C. comfortable舒适的；D. glorious光荣的。根据第11空前后“The more I understood fish, the more I became ____11____ at finding and catching them.”可知，此处指“擅长”。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我长大进入商界时，我记得听我的第一个老板说:“我们都需要像父亲一样思考。”A. education教育；B. agriculture农业；C. business商业，生意；D. government政府。根据第12空前后“When I grew up and entered the ____12____ circles, I remember hearing my first boss say,”可知，此处指进入“商界”。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我长大进入商界时，我记得听我的第一个老板说:“我们都需要像父亲一样思考。”A. customers顾客；B. salesmen销售员；C. fishermen渔夫；D. fathers父亲。根据前面提到的进入商业，所以这里指“销售员”。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：但这并不完全合理。A. make it成功；B. make sense有意义，讲得通；C. make up 组成，编造；D. make out明白，理解。此处指不合理。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：多年后，我努力向比我年长和富有得多的人推广长期服务，我意识到我们都需要的是像顾客一样思考。A. comb梳子；B. copy复制；C. establish建立；D. realize意识到。固定搭配：come to realize的意思是“渐渐意识到”。故选D。
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Zhang Guimei was born to a family of ethnic Manchu minority group in Heilongjiang Province in 1957. ____32____ the age of 17, she came with her sister to Yunnan as part of a team supporting the country’s border regions.
Over time, Zhang witnessed the gender gap in education up close in ____33____(relative) poor rural areas. And the traditional ____34____(believe) of male superiority only worsened rural girls’ inferior situation. Some girls were even pulled out of class just before the college entrance exam because they had to provide for their ____35____(brother).
In 2002, Zhang came up with an idea ____36____, to many, seemed crazy: to found a free high school for girls. That was a tough task. She had to raise money and hire teachers. Six years later, the Huaping All-Girls High School ____37____(found). Given the rugged environment, however, nine of the original 17 teachers later resigned. With the goal of never letting a girl fall behind in schooling, Zhang often works overtime despite ____38____(suffer) from illnesses. With her poor health, over the past several years, she ____39____(walk) to almost every household deep in the mountains, talking to the parents about ____40____ importance of education for girls.
Because of Zhang’s efforts _____41_____(improve) female education in China, more girls can change their destiny(命运).
【答案】32. At 33. relatively
34. belief 35. brothers
36. which##that
37. was founded
38. suffering
39. has walked
40. the 41. to improve
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了张桂梅对女孩获得平等教育所付出的努力。
【32题详解】
考查介词。句意：17岁时，她随姐姐来到云南，作为支持该国边境地区的团队的一员。at the age of 意为“在……岁时”，为固定短语，且位于句首，首字母需要大写。故填At。
【33题详解】
考查副词。句意：随着时间的推移，张亲眼目睹了相对贫困农村地区教育中的性别差距。此空处为副词修饰形容词poor作状语。故填relatively。
【34题详解】
考查名词。句意：而传统的男性优越观念只会加剧农村女孩的劣势。空处应填名词作主语，belief“观念，信念”符合题意。故填belief。
【35题详解】
考查名词。句意：有些女孩甚至在高考前被拉出课堂，因为她们必须供养兄弟。此空处位于形容词性物主代词之后，应该填名词，brother为可数名词，结合语意可知是复数。故填brothers。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：2002年，张提出了一个在许多人看来很疯狂的想法：为女子建立一所免费的高中。分析可知，空处引导定语从句，从句中缺少主语，应该填关系代词，先行词idea指物，故填which/that。
【37题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：六年后，华坪女子中学成立。结合语境和时间状语Six years later可知，使用一般过去时态，主语the Huaping All-Girls High School与found间为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was founded。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：为了不让女孩在学业上落后，张某不顾身患病，经常加班。此空处位于介词despite之后，需填动名词作宾语。故填suffering。
【39题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：带着病体，这几年她几乎走遍了深山里的每一户人家，和家长们谈论教育对女孩的重要性。分析句子结构可知，此处应该填写谓语，根据时间状语over the past several years可知，应使用现在完成时态，句子主语she与walk为主动关系，且为单数。故填has walked。
【40题详解】
考查冠词。句意：由于身体不好，这几年她几乎走遍了深山里的每一户人家，和家长们谈论教育对女孩的重要性。此空处位于名词importance前，需填冠词，特指女子教育的重要性。故填the。
【41题详解】
考查不定式。句意：由于张努力改善中国的女性教育，更多的女孩可以改变自己的命运。分析句子结构可知，此空处为非谓语动词作定语修饰effort，effort后应使用不定式形式。故填to improve。
第四部分 写作 (共1节，满分15分)
42. 假定你是李华，收到朋友Jamie的来信。信中Jamie向你诉说了自己的困扰：近日容易发脾气，使正常的学习和生活受到了影响。请用英文给该朋友写一封回信。
内容要点如下：
1)表示理解并给予安慰；
2)提出建议并说明理由。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Jamie,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jamie,
I’m sorry to know that you always lose your temper, making it impossible for you to focus on your study and live a normal life. I truly understand you and you don’t have to be so worried about it. Here are three useful tips to help you deal with your problem.
First, talk to someone who you trust about how you feel. This is a good way of letting your anger out without hurting others or yourself. Second, go outdoors and play team games with your friends, as physical exercise is an effective way to get rid of anger. And third, remain hopeful about your future. Such a positive attitude towards life can be helpful in lifting your spirits.
I hope you’ll soon feel calmer and carry on as normal.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给你朋友Jamie回一封信安慰他，给他一些建议帮助他摆脱掉爱发脾气的困扰。
【详解】1.词汇积累
集中注意力：focus on→concentrate on
处理：deal with→cope with
首先：first→firstly
积极的：positive→optimistic
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’m sorry to know that you always lose your temper, making it impossible for you to focus on your study and live a normal life.
拓展句：I’m sorry to know that you always lose your temper, which makes it impossible for you to focus on your study and live a normal life.
【点睛】【高分句型1】First, talk to someone who you trust about how you feel.（运用了who引导定语从句和how引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】Second, go outdoors and play team games with your friends, as physical exercise is an effective way to get rid of anger.（运用了as引导原因状语从句）
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