2023届高考英语二轮复习虚拟语气课件1

这是一份2023届高考英语二轮复习虚拟语气课件1，共17页。PPT课件主要包含了怎样掌握虚拟语气等内容，欢迎下载使用。

If Tang Ning were in twn, I wuld have heard abut it.If yu had listened t the talk abut the UN yesterday, yu wuld knw the answer t the questin nw.
虚拟语气是英语中用来表示对不可能发生的事物的一种猜测或假设的语气。英语中的虚拟语气常见的类型有:条件状语从句中的虚拟语气，后宾语从句中的虚拟语气，某些动词后宾语从句中的虚拟语气，些结构后主语从句中的虚拟语气等。
"if"条件状语从句中的虚拟语气的结构
一、对现在情况的假设主要表示对不可能发生或不太可能发生的现在情况的假设，其中使用虚拟语气的句子有:If yu were in Germany, yu wuld find sup that is thick and heavy.If yu were in China, yu wuld find sup that is thin and clear.
二、对将来情况的假设1.如果我有足够的时间,我一定会去。 If I had enugh time, I wuld certainly g.2.如果你快一点，你还会赶上那趟列车。 If  yu hurried up, yu wuld catch that train. 3.如果你在大学里努力学习，将来你就会找到一份好工作。If yu studied hard in cllege, yu wuld find a gd jb in the future.
三、对过去情况的假设1)如果你早点开始做家庭作业，你早就做完了。If yu had begun t d yur hmewrk earlier, yu wuld have cmpleted them.2)如果我听了老师的话，我该把这本英语书看完了。If I had listened t the teacher, I wuld have finished reading the English bk.3)要是汤姆为其中考试做了充分准备，这次其中考试他就及格了。If Tm had prepared the mid-term exam well, he wuld have passed it.
四、条件句虚拟语气中的情态动词该如何选用？条件句虚拟语气主句除了可使用wuld外还可以便用might, culd和shuld。其中shuld多用于第一人称后。在美国英语中在第一人称后多用wuld。1) If I have enugh time, I shuld have finished it. 2) If he hadn't been ill, he might have cme. 3) If I had been mre careful, I culd have dne better.
五、条件句虚拟语气从句中的be动词的正确形式 条件句虚拟语气中从句中的be动词不管是什么人称,多用were形式。但在非正式特别是口语中,第 一 、三 人称单数也可以使用was。 1) 如果他现在在这儿，他会帮助我的。If he were here nw, he wuld give us a hand. 2)如果我是你,我是不会去的 。 If I was yu, I wuld nt g. 3)如果她在这儿,我们可以问她 。 If she was here, we culd ask her.
六、条件状语从句中的虚拟语气的倒装形式 当条件句虚拟语气的从句中含有be, have, shuld, 从句可以倒装。倒装的形式是把这四个单词提前至句首，将If省略,剩下的句序不变 。 1)Were I yu, I wuld study hard. 2)Had I had enugh time, I wuld have dne it better. 3)Shuld Jhn cme nw, what wuld yu say t him ? 不正式！：Culd the dead man have spken, he wuld have identified his murderer.
l.时间选择型     当虚拟语气用来表示一种不能成为现实、不真实的情况时，须选择与现在、将来和过去情况相反的三种不同时间，从而决定谓语动词。这类虚拟语气主要用于如下几方面: 1）虚拟条件句（含蓄虚拟条件句）        If l were yu，l wuld study much harder．       If he did（were t d，shuld d）it，he wuld d it well．        I wuldn‘t have finished the wrk withut yur help．2）由 even if/thugh引导的让步状语从句，其谓语动词变化同于虚拟条件句，在口语中也可用直陈语气。        Even if he were here, he wuldn‘t be able t help yu．        Nthing culd have saved yur father，even if the dctr had arrived n time．    
（3） wish后的宾语从句        I wish I were five years yunger than yu．        He wishes yu wuld g with him.     I wished I had wn the match．注意：wish的时态不影响从句三种时间的判定。 （4） as if（thugh）引导的表语从句和方式状语从句        He lks as if he were very sleepy．         They are talking abut smething，as if they were quarrelling with each ther.
2．shuld+动词原形型     这种类型的虚拟语气一般用于主语从句、宾语从句、表语和同位语从句。谓语由shuld+动词原形构成，无论什么人称都不能用 wuld，shuld在口语中可以略去。1）在主语从句中用以表示惊奇、惋惜、理应如此，构成 It is natural（imprtant, necessary，strange，a pity，a shame等）that… 句型      It is natural that yu shuld say aplgy t him．      It is a pity that yu shuld be careless．2）用于表示命令、建议一类动词后的宾语从句，如：suggest，mve，insist，demand，request，cmmand等。        The yung man insisted that he shuld be sent t d the wrk．        I suggested that we shuld set ff earlier．应注意：当insist表示对已发生过的事物的看法，或当suggest为“说明了”，“暗示”的含义时，从句用直陈语气而不用虚拟语气。        The Arab insisted that he hadn‘t seen the camel．        His smile suggested that he was happy．
（3）当表示间接的要求、建议、命令、决定等名词作主语时，其表语从句用 shuld+动词原形。这类名词有 suggestin，request，rder，advice，idea等。        The fficer‘s rder was that his sldiers shuld repair the defence wrks at nce．       His advice is that yur father shuld d mre exercises in the mrning．    （4）上述名词的同位语从句也应用shuld+动词原形。        I did nt receive the rder that yu shuld leave here at nce．        His suggest n that yu shuld keep silent is reasnable．
3．一般过去式型     这类虚拟语气的谓语动词一般用动词过去式表示，常用于如下几个方面：1）用wuld，culd，might表示说话人的谦逊、客气、婉转      Culd yu tell me the way t the cinema？      Wuld yu mind my smking here？2）用于s that和 in rder that引导的目的状语从句。  They are climbing higher s that they culd see the whle city．    但从句若要否定的话则用shuldn’t。      He lcked the dr f his rm in rder that he shuldn‘t be trubled by smene．3）用于It is time that 句型。       It is time that the prblem were slved．     在此句型中也可用shuld+动词原形。应注意该句型若用过去式表示时，第一、三人称单数不可用were代替was。