2023届高考英语二轮复习定语从句课件1

这是一份2023届高考英语二轮复习定语从句课件1，共43页。PPT课件主要包含了定语定语，定义及相关术语，The lady，关系代词的用法，关系代词的用法练习， Whose的用法， that， that，which等内容，欢迎下载使用。

什么是定语？ 定语是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的单词、短语或句子，汉语中常用“……的”表示。 定语有限制性和非限制性之分。对中心词来说必不可少的定语叫限制性定语，一般不用逗号将两者分隔；只起补充说明、用逗号隔开的定语叫非限制性定语。e.g. She had many red pencils. ( red作限制性定语） 她有许多红色铅笔。 She had many pencils, red. (red作非限制性定语） 她有许多铅笔，是红色的。定语通常位于被修饰成分前。若修饰sme, any, every, n构成的复合不定代词或不定式、分词短语、从句作定语时，则定语通常后置。
The Restrictive Attributive Clause限制性定语从句
The Nn-Restrictive Attributive Clause非限制性定语从句
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句：
限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语， 如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句和主句关系十分密切， 写时不用逗号分开。
非限制性定语从句和主句关系不很密切，只是对先行词作些附加说明， 如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句， 写时往往逗号分开。
The watch that I bught yesterday wrks well.Shakespeare, whse plays are very ppular, was a great writer.
His sn wh is a dctr is nw visiting the USA.His sn, wh is a dctr, is nw visiting the USA.
限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句：
1.定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
2.先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
3.关系词： 引导定语从句的词叫关系词。     The man that suffers much knws much. 磨难多，见识广。     He wh laughs last laughs best. 谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好。     Heaven helps thse wh help themselves. 自助者天助。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词关系代词有: that, which, wh, whm, whse,等关系副词有: when, where, why关系词通常有下列三个作用：A.引导定语从句； B.代替先行词； C.在定语从句中担当一个成分。 The man wh is shaking hands with my father is a pliceman.
找出句中的定语从句：1.But the ne millin peple f the city, wh thught little f these events, were asleep as usual the was felt in Beijing, which is mre than tw hundred kilmeters away. 3.A huge crack that was eight kilmeters lng and thirty meters wide cut acrss huses, rads and canals. 4.The number f peple wh were killed r seriusly injured reached mre than 400,, later that afternn, anther big quake which was almst as strng as the first ne shk Tangshan.
6.D yu want a friend whm yu culd tell everything t, like yur deepest feelings and thughts?7.I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the sng f the birds, mnlight and flwers culd never have kept me spellbund. 8.English became less like German because thse wh ruled England spke first Danish and later fund a large atlas with gd maps that shwed details f wrld gegraphy.
Jin the fllwing sentences:A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.
Jin the fllwing sentences:A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.A plane is can fly.
the machine
that /which
Jin the fllwing sentences:The lady is Green. We saw her yesterday.
we saw yesterday is Green
关系代词在从句中可以：
The eggs (that/which) I bught them were nt fresh.
The friend wh/ that he came t supper last night was nt hungry.
He prefers the cheese that / which it cmes frm his parent’s farm.
1.The eggs were nt fresh. I bught them friend was nt hungry. He came t supper last prefers the cheese. It cmes frm his parent’s farm.
whse 在定语从句中作定语，表示引导词与 whse 后的名词为所属关系。 whse多指人，也可指物，指物时可与 f which互换使用。
This is the bk whse cver is blue.This is the bk f which the cver is blue.This is the bk the cver f which is blue.
The teacher praised the student. His English is the best in ur class.
The teacher praised the student whse English is the best in ur class.
Jin the fllwing pair f sentences.
whse =the student’s
关系词whse实际上是先行词的所有格
The huse is mine. The windw f the huse is brken.
The huse whse windw is brken is mine.
whse=the huse’s windw
The huse is mine.
the windw f which is brken
f which the windw is brken
关系代词that和which在很多情况下可以互换，但下列情况只用that。（用which或that填空）
All ______ can be dne has been dne.D yu have anything ________ yu dn’t understand ?There is little _______ can be believed abut it .The bk desn’t say much ________ amuses children.
1.先行词是all , everything, nthing, anything, smething, much, little, nne等不定代词，引导定语从句用that 。
I’ve read all the bks ________ yu lent me.N sample ________ we nave received is satisfactry.Please send us any infrmatin ________ yu have abut the subject.He is the nly persn _________ was present at the time.
2.先行词被any, sme, n, much, few, little, every, all, very, nly, last修饰时，引导定语从句用that 。
Hamburg is the mst beautiful city _______I’ve ever seen.This is the best TV _______ is made in China.The first museum _______ he visited in China was the Histry Museum.
3.先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，引导定语从句用that 。
The famus writer and his wrks _________ the radi bradcast have arused great interest amng the students.A victim is a persn, animal r thing ________ suffers pain, death, harm, etc.
4.先行词中既有人又有事物时，引导定语从句用that .
5.关系代词在从句中作表语，或先行词指物且在主句中作表语.
My hmetwn is n lnger the place _____it used t be.
He didn’t becme the kind f persn _____ his father wanted him t be.
It is a sng _____ is very ppular.
It ‘s a bk _____ will help yu a lt.
Wh _______ yu have ever seen can d it better ?Wh _______ yu are talking t is the yung fellw ?
6.Wh做先行词时，引导定语从句用that 。
下列情况只能用which: 1.非限定性的定语从句 2.介词后面
His dg, ___________was very ld nw, became ill and died.Which is the car, the wner f __________ yu knw?
1.He did all / everything _______he culd t help is the very thing _______ I am talked abut the men and the things _______ we remembered at is the nly man _______ can d the is the first thing _______ I want t is the finest man _______ I have ever wrked is the man _______ spke t yu at the is the star _______ is nearest t the earth.
作业：1. 用 that , which ， wh，whm r whse填空：
9.Is there anything else _______ yu want t say?10.Any persn _______ has the mney can jin the ften speaks the rle he played in the play, _______ made thers pened the dr, in frnt f _______ sat a man t _______ I spke is a famus by _______ mther is dead was brught up by his father.
1.Wh is the man whm yu said hell just nw?2.This is the knife with that the dctr did the that want t g put up yur is ne f the best pictures which have been sld.5.A plane is a machine can fly.
6.D yu knw the yung man whm has been chsen chairman?7.This is the nly bk that were brrwed frm the watch that Mther bught it fr me wrks very well9.The man came yesterday is ur English left me the bk ,that is very useful fr me.
3.巩固练习：1. 2008陕西卷）13. The man pulled ut a gld watch, _________ were made f small diamnds.A. the hands f whm B. whm the hands fC. which the hands f D. the hands f whichD.“表的指针”是用钻石造的。这里涉及到了所有关系。在定语从句中，对于事物的所有关系我们可以使用whse + 名词，the + 名词 + f which 或f which the + 名词这三种形式。D项符合 the + 名词 + f which 结构，所以是正确的。
2.（2009.天津卷）5. A persn ______ e-mail accunt is full wn’t be able t send r receive any e-mails.A. wh B. whm C. whse D. wheverC.定语从句关系词辨析。分析句子结构可知，a persn 作整个句子的主语，而a persn 合e-mail cunt的关系是所有关系，故选C符合。
3.（10四川）10．After graduating frm cllege，I tk sme time ff t g travelling， turned ut t be a wise decisin．A．that B．which C．when D．whereB。此处应为which引导的非限制性定语从句，which代替前边整个句子。句意为：“大学毕业后，我们休假一段时间去旅游，这结果证明是一个明智的决定。”
7.Yang Liwei spent the whle evening talking abut the things and persns ________ nne f us has ever heard f in CCTV statin.A. which B. wh C. whm D. that选D。 当先行词同时出现人和物时，只能用that指代
8.The mst imprtant thing _____ we shuld pay attentin t is the first thing ____ I have said.A. which; that B. that; which C. which; which D. that; thatD。当先行词被形容词的最高级、序数词或the nly，the very等修饰时，定语从句要用that引导，而不能用which。
9. She was nt the wman ________ she was befre.A. what B. wh C. that D. whereC。关系代词在定语从句中作表语时，只用that，关系代词作从句she was的表语。
10.This is the bag ________ my mther bught yesterday.A. that B. wh C. whm D. thisA。先行词the bag是事物，wh，whm表示人，this是指示代词，故选关系代词that。
11.This is Mr. Smith, ________ I think has smething interesting t tell yu.A. wh B. whmC. that D. /A。去掉非限制性定语从句中的插入语I think后，可以看出引导词在从句中作主语，故选wh。
12. Drthy was always speaking highly f her rle in the play, ______, f curse, made the thers unhappy.A. wh B. which C. this D. whatB。此句是整个句子作先行词的非限定性定语从句，f curse是插入语，关系代词which代替整个主句。
13. He never reads anything _______ is nt wrth reading.A. as B. which C. wh D. thatD。当先行词为all，everything，nthing，anything，much，little，few等不定代词时，定语从句常用that而不用which引导。