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2022-2023学年陕西省西安市长安区第一中学高一上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）
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这是一份2022-2023学年陕西省西安市长安区第一中学高一上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版），共24页。试卷主要包含了考试结束后，将答题卡交回等内容，欢迎下载使用。
长安一中2022-2023学年度第一学期高一年级期中考试
英语试题
时间：120分钟，满分：150分
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在规定位置。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，用签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题卡上，请勿在答题卡上使用涂改液或修正带，写在本试卷上的答案无效。
3.考试结束后，将答题卡交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标到试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What is the man probably doing?
A．Writing a report. B．Reading a newspaper. C．Looking for a newspaper.
2．How does the man usually go to work?
A．By bus. B．By car. C．On foot.
3．Why does the man take an umbrella?
A．Because it’s raining now.
B．Because it will rain soon.
C．Because his wife dislikes walking in the sun.
4．How much is the cheaper book?
A．5 dollars. B．15 dollars. C．20 dollars.
5．What do we know about the man?
A．He likes his new job very much.
B．He makes very little money now.
C．He is busy with his job now.
第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，共22.5分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第 6 段材料，回答第 6 至 7 题。
6．What does the man think of the match?
A．It was great. B．It was just so-so. C．It was boring.
7．Who is Jenny?
A．The woman’s best friend. B．The man’s wife. C．The man’s sister.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 10 题。
8．What’s the weather like today?
A．Fine. B．Rainy. C．Windy.
9．What will the two speakers do tomorrow?
A．Go swimming. B．Go for a picnic. C．Go to Japan.
10．For what does Tom go to Japan?
A. To spend a vacation with his girlfriend.
B. To visit his girlfriend’s parents.
C. To visit his friends.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 11 至 13 题。
11．What is the woman doing?
A．Reading a book. B．Listening to music. C．Playing computer games.
12．What time is it now?
A．About 5：40 pm. B．About 6：00 pm. C．About 6：20 pm.
13．What’s the possible relationship between the two speakers?
A．Mother and son. B．Brother and sister. C．Friends.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 14 至 17 题。
14．What did the old lady probably do?
A．She gave the man a lift.
B．She gave the man some money.
C．She asked a friend to take the man home.
15．Why couldn’t the woman go to help the man?
A．Because she was ill.
B．Because she had to look after Mike.
C．Because she didn’t know where the man was.
16．What happened to the man?
A．He left his wallet in a taxi.
B．He got robbed by a stranger.
C．His wallet was stolen.
17．What will the man probably do next?
A．Buy a new wallet. B．Answer the phone. C．Give a phone call.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 18 至 20 题。
18．How does the speaker and her brother go to school?
A．By car. B．By bus. C．On foot.
19．Which subject does the speaker like best?
A．History. B．PE. C．Science.
20．When do they usually have supper?
A．At about 6:00 pm. B．At about 6:30 pm. C．At about 7:00 pm.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Highest Mountains in the World
Mount Kilimanjaro
Mount Kilimanjaro, a dormant(休眠的)volcano, is the highest mountain in Africa. Its summit is 5, 895 meters above sea level. Located in Tanzania, it is the largest free-standing mountain rise in the world, meaning it is not part of a mountain range. Kilimanjaro is made up of three volcanoes: Kibo, Mawenzi, and Shira. Kibo is the summit of the mountain and the tallest of the three volcanic formations. While Mawenzi and Shira are extinct, Kibo is dormant and could possibly erupt again.
Mount Everest
Mount Everest is the highest mountain in Asia and the highest mountain in the world. Its summit is 8, 848. 86 meters above sea level. It is located in the Himalaya Mountain Range on the border of Nepal and China. The Chinese name is Chomolungma, which means “Mother Goddess of the World”. The Nepali name is Sagarmatha, which has various meanings.
Denali
Denali is the highest mountain in North America. Its summit is 6, 193 meters above sea level. It is located in the USA, in the state of Alaska. “Denali” comes from Koyukon, a traditional native Alaskan language, and means “the tall one”. This name had been used for many generations and was used by early non-native researchers and naturalists. But in 1896, William A. Dickey, a prospector(探矿者), began calling Denali “Mount McKinley”, in honor of William McKinley, a presidential candidate at the time.
Mount Vinson
Mount Vinson is the highest mountain on Antarctica. Its summit is 5, 140 meters above sea level. It is located in the summit plateau of Vinson Massif, near the base of the Palmer Peninsula in western Antarctica. Mount Vinson is part of the Sentinel Range of the Ellsworth Mountains. It was spotted from the air by U. S. pilot Lincoln Ellsworth in 1935.
1. Why is Kibo the most dangerous one among the three volcanoes?
A. It is the highest of the three volcanoes.
B. It is covered with snow all through the year.
C. It is home to a great number of wild animals.
D. It is likely to erupt again sometimes in the future.
2. Which mountain stands between two countries?
A. Mount Kilimanjaro. B. Denali.
C. Mount Everest. D. Mount Vinson.
3. Who was the first to discover Mount Vinson?
A. An American. B. An Australian.
C. A Frenchman. D. A Japanese.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四座世界最高峰。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句“While Mawenzi and Shira are extinct, Kibo is dormant and could possibly erupt again.（马文子火山和希拉火山已经灭绝，而基博火山处于休眠状态，可能会再次爆发。）可知，基博火山是三座火山中最危险的原因是它很可能在未来的某个时候再次爆发。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段第三句“It is located in the Himalaya Mountain Range on the border of Nepal and China.（它位于尼泊尔和中国边境的喜马拉雅山脉。）”可知，珠穆朗玛峰位于两国之间。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一句“It was spotted from the air by U. S. pilot Lincoln Ellsworth in 1935.（1935年，美国飞行员林肯·埃尔斯沃斯从空中发现了它。）”可知，第一个发现文森山的是一个美国人。故选A项。
B
When Paul was a boy growing up in Utah, he happened to live near a copper smelter (炼铜厂), and the chemicals that poured out had made a wasteland out of what used to be a beautiful forest. One day a young visitor looked at this wasteland and called it an awful area. Paul knocked him down. From then on, something happened inside him.
Years later Paul was back in the area, and he went to the smelter office. He asked if they had any plans or if they would let him try to bring the trees back. The answer from that big industry was “No”.
Paul then went to college to study the science of plants. Unfortunately, his teachers said there weren’t any birds or squirrels to spread the seeds. It would be a waste of his life to try to do it. Everyone knew that, he was told. Even if he was knowledgeable as he had expected, he wouldn’t get his idea accepted.
Paul later got married and had some kids. But his dream would not die. And then one night he did what he could with what he had. As Samuel Johnson wrote, “It is common to overlook what is near by keeping the eye fixed on something remote. Attainable (可得到的) good is often ignored by minds busied in wide ranges.” Under the cover of darkness, he went secretly into the wasteland and started planting.
And every week, he made his secret journey into the wasteland and planted trees and grass. For fifteen years he did this against the plain common sense. Slowly rabbits appeared. Later, as there was legal pressure to clean up the environment, the company actually hired Paul to do what he was already doing.
Now the place is fourteen thousand acres of trees and grass and bushes, and Paul has received almost every environmental award Utah has. It took him until his hair turned white, but he managed to keep that impossible vow he made to himself as a child.
4. According to the passage, which of the following sentences is TRUE?
A. He persuaded the factory to make some plans to deal with the pollution voluntarily.
B. He learned a lot about the science of plants while he was in college.
C His teachers offered his some advice on solving the pollution problem.
D. At first, he managed to get some people to accept his idea.
5. What does the underlined phrase in the Paragraph 5 “the plain common sense” probably refer to?
A. That it was impossible for trees to grow on the wasteland.
B. That no one would like to join him in the efforts.
C. That his normal work and life would be greatly affected.
D. That he had to keep everything he did secret.
6. The company hired Paul to plant trees and grass because ______.
A. they realized the importance of environmental protection
B. Paul persuaded them to help him
C. what Paul was doing moved them
D. they were forced to do so
7. The message of the passage is that ______.
A. action speaks louder than words
B. God helps those who help themselves
C. determination works wonders
D. many hands make light work
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。保罗小时候住在一家炼铜厂附近，从那里流出的化学物质把曾经美丽的森林变成了一片荒地，保罗通过不懈的努力创造了奇迹，将这片荒地重新覆盖了大片绿植。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Paul then went to college to study the science of plants.”(保罗随后进入大学学习植物科学。)和最后一句“Even if he was knowledgeable as he had expected, he wouldn’t get his idea accepted.”(即使他如他所期望的那样知识渊博，他的想法也没有被接受。)可知，保罗在大学时学到了很多关于植物的科学知识。故选B。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第五段第一句“And every week, he made his secret journey into the wasteland and planted trees and grass.”(每个星期，他都秘密地到荒地里去植树种草。)和介词against可知，保罗到荒地植树种草的行为是与常识相悖的，所以the plain common sense是指“树木不可能在荒地上生长”。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒第二段最后一句“Later, as there was legal pressure to clean up the environment, the company actually hired Paul to do what he was already doing.”(后来，由于有清理环境的法律压力，该公司实际上雇佣了保罗，让他做他已经在做的事情。)可知，公司雇保罗种树种草是因为他们被迫这么做。故选D。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段最后一句“It took him until his hair turned white, but he managed to keep that impossible vow he made to himself as a child.”(直到他的头发都变白了他才做到这件事，但他成功地实现了他小时候对自己许下的不可能的誓言。)可知，这篇文章的主题是决心能创造奇迹。故选C。
C
Alibaba Cloud and the Hangzhou city government announced the launch of ET City Brain 2.0, a cloud-powered and AI-driven urban traffic-management system that aims to increase the city’s efficiency.
After over two years of testing in Alibaba’s home base, ET City Brain has become the new infrastructure (基础设施) for Hangzhou, with a total coverage of 420 square kilometers in area, including over 1,300 traffic lights. Over 200 traffic officers are connected via mobile phones, enabling them to receive real-time alerts on any traffic-related emergencies.
In version 2.0, the system will optimize the city’s firefighting abilities by providing key information to firefighters, such as water pressure, the number and position of fire hydrants (消防栓) in a given area, the location of gas pipes and other details they need to know. The information is instant, making the entire firefighting process faster, safer and more accurate.
City Brain gives meaning to data. By using AI and advanced algorithms (计算程序), City Brain is able to analyze a large amount of data and turn them into useful information in real-time speed.
As a result of City Brain’s ability to predict traffic flow, detect accidents and provide instant feedback, Hangzhou has dropped from 5th to the 57th on the list of China’s most congested cities. Hangzhou is probably the only city that can tell you how many cars are on the street at any given time.
In the case of medical emergencies, City Brain is able to change traffic lights, so emergency vehicles like ambulances and fire trucks can head to the scene without interruption, accelerating their arrival time by 49%.
Dr. Wang Jian, head of Alibaba’s Technology Steering Committee who invented the term “City Brain”，said the system is designed to empower a city to act quickly and directly. It is more than just about traffic management. It’s really about how to make city more livable at a time of shrinking natural resources around the globe. “It is a matter of sustainability, while using as little natural resources as possible,” Wang said, “This is just the beginning.”
8. What benefit will ET City Brain bring?
A. Less traffic jam.
B. Lower crime rates.
C. Efficient government.
D. Improved medical care.
9. Which of the following functions of the City Brain is NOT mentioned in the text?
A. Predicting traffic flow.
B. Giving quick feedback.
C. Changing traffic lights.
D. Handling traffic accidents.
10. Which of the following best explains the underlined word “optimize” in Paragraph 3?
A. Practise. B. Better.
C. Operate. D. Emphasize.
11. What can we conclude from the last paragraph?
A. ET City Brain 2.0 is a mature version.
B. Alibaba targets environment-friendly development.
C. The government is devoted to improving the system.
D. The system can solve the problem of lack of resources.
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. B 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了阿里云和杭州市政府宣布推出ET City Brain 2.0，这是一个云驱动和人工智能驱动的城市交通管理系统，旨在提高城市的效率。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Alibaba Cloud and the Hangzhou city government announced the launch of ET City Brain 2.0, a cloud-powered and AI-driven urban traffic-management system that aims to increase the city’s efficiency.(阿里云和杭州市政府宣布推出ET城市大脑2.0，这是一个云计算和人工智能驱动的城市交通管理系统，旨在提高城市的效率。)”可知，ET城市大脑会提高城市效率，即带来更少的交通堵塞。故选A项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第五段“As a result of City Brain’s ability to predict traffic flow, detect accidents and provide instant feedback, Hangzhou has dropped from 5th to the 57th on the list of China’s most congested cities.(由于“城市大脑”预测交通流量、检测事故并提供即时反馈的能力，杭州在中国最拥堵城市排行榜上从第5位跌至第57位。)”可知A项和B项正确，再根据第六段“In the case of medical emergencies, City Brain is able to change traffic lights(在医疗紧急情况下，“城市大脑”能够改变交通灯)”可知，C项正确，所以D项文章没有提到。故选D项。
【10题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线词的下文“by providing key information to firefighters, such as water pressure, the number and position of fire hydrants (消防栓) in a given area, the location of gas pipes and other details they need to know.The information is instant, making the entire firefighting process faster, safer and more accurate.(通过向消防员提供关键信息，如水压、给定区域内消防栓的数量和位置、燃气管道的位置和其他他们需要知道的细节。这些信息是即时的，使整个灭火过程更快、更安全、更准确。)”可知，系统通过向消防员提供关键信息来使城市消防能力更好，所以可以推断出，画线词的意思是“使……更好”。故选B项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“It is more than just about traffic management. It’s really about how to make city more livable at a time of shrinking natural resources around the globe. “It is a matter of sustainability, while using as little natural resources as possible,” Wang said, “This is just the beginning.”(它不仅仅是交通管理。这是关于如何在全球自然资源不断减少的时候使城市更宜居。“这是一个可持续发展的问题，同时使用尽可能少的自然资源，”王说，“这只是一个开始。”)”可知，这个系统的目标是环境友好型发展。故选B项。
D
Life in space will certainly take some getting used to! But the space station has been designed to keep the astronauts as comfortable as possible—the modules(舱) are roomy, bright, and kept at a constant 21℃. It’s important the crew members are comfortable because they’ll be busy aboard the station. In a typical workday, crew members will spend 14 hours working and exercising, 1.5 hours preparing and eating meals, and 8.5 hours sleeping. Here are some other fun facts about life aboard the station:
Food
Come mealtime, astronauts will have a special dining kitchen. Space food just keeps getting better—and more like food we enjoy here on Earth. In early space missions(任务), astronauts could eat only freeze-dried food that didn’t require any preparation. But the space station is equipped with water, microwave ovens, and refrigerators, allowing the folks on board to eat more “normal” types of food, including fruit, vegetables, and ice cream!
Sleep
Each crew member has a private room. With no gravity, they’ll need to tie themselves to their beds, or they will float away! That might sound like a strange way to sleep, but astronauts from past space missions report that sleeping in space is actually pretty great! Exercise
You might not think it, but exercise is even more important on the station than it is on Earth. There is not much gravity in space. Astronauts don’t stand up, sit down or walk in space, so their muscles and bones don’t have to work much—and this muscle and bone loss can be dangerous back on Earth. To fight this, astronauts on the station will exercise on bikes, rowing machines, and other equipment about two hours every day.
Clothing
Astronauts will have to wear special space suits while travelling aboard the U.S. shuttle or Russian rockets. But once they’re safe inside the space station, crew members can wear regular clothing. Of course, a specially designed, pressurized space suit is required for space walks. It has to bear flying pieces and protect the astronauts from dramatic temperature changes. It can range from -84℃ in the shadow of the station to 121℃ in the hot sun.
Personal Cleanliness
Simple tasks like brushing your teeth can be challenging in a weightless environment. A little water doesn’t flow in a stream. Astronauts will use a freshwater hose(软管) to take showers, shampoo, and wash off—then a second vacuum hose to suction(吸) off the dirty water. And how do you go to the bathroom in space? With a special “air toilet” that uses flowing air instead of water to get rid of waste.
12. The text is mainly about________ .
A. ways to get used to life in space.
B. fun facts about life in space.
C. temperature changes in space.
D. a typical workday in space.
13. What can we learn about space food from the text?
A. Space food is getting better now than before.
B. Astronauts could eat apples in space in the past.
C. Fresh food isn’t available to astronauts in space.
D. Astronauts eat only fruit, vegetables and ice cream now.
14. Why is exercise more important in space than on Earth?
A. It can prevent muscle and bone loss.
B. It can make astronauts feel relaxed in space.
C It can help astronauts spend their spare time happily.
D. Astronauts’ lives are more important in space than on earth.
15. What can be learned from the paragraph “Clothing”?
A. Astronauts wear pressurized space suits just to keep warm.
B. Astronauts can wear regular clothing for space walks now.
C. Astronauts must wear special space suits all the time in space.
D. The temperature is quite different in different places in space.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了太空站的有趣的事情。
12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段最后一句“Here are some other fun facts about life aboard the station（以下是关于空间站生活的一些有趣的事实）”结合全文来看，本文主要是在介绍关于太空生活的有趣事实。故选B项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段的第二句“Space food just keeps getting better—and more like food we enjoy here on Earth.（太空食物越来越美味，越来越像我们在地球上享受的食物。）”可知，现在的太空食物越来越美味。故选A项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段最后两句“Astronauts don’t stand up, sit down or walk in space, so their muscles and bones don’t have to work much—and this muscle and bone loss can be dangerous back on Earth. To fight this, astronauts on the station will exercise on bikes, rowing machines, and other equipment about two hours every day.（宇航员在太空中不站、不坐也不走，所以他们的肌肉和骨骼不需要太多的工作，而这种肌肉和骨骼的流失在地球上是很危险的。为了解决这个问题，空间站上的宇航员每天将在自行车、划船机和其他设备上锻炼约两个小时。）”可知，在太空中锻炼比在地球上锻炼更重要的原因是可以防止肌肉和骨质流失。故选A项。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第五段最后两句“It has to bear flying pieces and protect the astronauts from dramatic temperature changes. It can range from -84℃ in the shadow of the station to 121℃ in the hot sun.（它必须承受飞行部件，保护宇航员免受剧烈温度变化的影响。在太空站的阴影下温度可达-84℃，在烈日下可达121℃。）”可知，在空间的不同地方，温度有很大的不同。故选D项。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余 选项。
The Winner’s Guide to Success
How do successful people think? What helps them to make success? To find out the answers, an American scholar recently visited some of the most successful people in America. ___16___.
Be responsible for yourself
Sometimes you may want to blame others for your failure to get ahead. In fact, when you say someone or something outside of yourself is stopping you from making success, you’re giving away your own power. You’re saying, “You have more control over my life than I do.”
Live life “on purpose”
Almost all successful people live life “on purpose”.___17___.When you live your life on purpose, you’ll try your best to do your job or study as well as you can. You love what you do and you can find pleasure in what you do.
Write a plan
It is very difficult trying to get what you want without a good plan. It is just like trying to drive through strange roads to a city far away.___18___ Without this “map”, you may waste your time, money and also your energy; while with the “map” you’ll enjoy the “trip” and get what you want in the shortest possible time.
Be willing to pay the price
Nothing great is easy to get. So you must be ready to work hard-even harder than you have ever done. If you are not willing to pay the price, you won’t get anything valuable.
___19___
It seems to us that everyone knows this. But it is easier said than done. When you are doing something, you must tell yourself again and again: Giving up is worse than failure because failure can be the mother of success, but giving up means the death of hope.
Don’t delay
Once an American writer was writing a novel. He could not have a good ending for his book until one night when he had a very good idea. He was so excited that he made a phone call to one of his best friends. “I’ve got a perfect idea,” he said, “I’ll put it down later and show it to you.” But he never did, because he died that night. His book was left without a perfect ending.___20___. Never delay at all.
A. Some people achieve success much later in life because they fail to realize earlier the importance of hard work
B. So remember, do what you can right away
C. Never give up
D. A good plan is like a map to you
E. Here are some keys to success that they give
F. They are doing what they believe they should and want to do
G. Make a decision
【答案】16. E 17. F 18. D 19. C 20. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。作者根据成功人士的经验，对于如何取得成功这一问题，给出了自己的一些建议。
【16题详解】
上文To find out the answers, an American scholar recently visited some of the most successful people in America. 提到了一位学者拜访了几位美国的成功人士，结合下文段落小标题提出的建议，E项“以下是他们给出的一些导致成功的关键因素”符合题意，承上启下。故选E。
【17题详解】
上文Almost all successful people live life “on purpose”. 提到了成功人士有目的的生活，F项“他们做他们认为他们应该做和想要做的事情”说明了他们有目的的做事，符合语境，故选F。
【18题详解】
下文Without this “map”, 这里捕捉到关键词map，D项“对你来说，一个好的计划如同一张地图”提到map，符合题意，说明计划如同地图一样指导你。故选D。
【19题详解】
空格处是段落标题。由you must tell yourself again and again: Giving up is worse than failure because failure can be the mother of success, but giving up means the death of hope.(你必须一次又一次地告诉自己：放弃比失败更糟糕，因为失败可以是成功的母亲，但放弃意味着希望的死亡)可推断，这一自然段的标题应是永不放弃，故选C。
【20题详解】
上文But he never did, because he died that night. His book was left without a perfect ending.(但他从来没有这样做，因为他那天晚上死了。他的书没有一个完美的结局)是举例，由这个例子可以看出不要推迟做事情，以免造成遗憾，B项“所以请记住，立刻做你能做的事情”符合题意，故选B。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读小面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳 选项。
Angela Hernandez was driving to her sister’s home near Los Angeles, on July 6 when a small animal ran onto the road. Hernandez didn’t want to hit the animal, so she turned quickly, causing her to____21____her car and fall over the cliff (悬崖).
“I don’t really remember much of the____22____,” Hernandez said. “I just remember waking up in my car with water coming up over my knees. My head hurt and when I____23____it , I found blood on my hands.”
By____24____one of her windows, she was able to get out of her car and get to shore (岸边), where she fell asleep. When Hernandez____25____, she began to understand her____26____. She had been badly hurt. And she was stuck on a tiny beach.
Hernandez spent each day walking on the beach, searching for help, but was____27____to make her way back up to the highway. She climbed as high as she could to____28____people on the highway. She____29____someone would hear or see her. But everyday, she would have to climb back down. No one had_____30_____her.
Hernandez didn’t know it, but people were out looking for her. But foggy (有雾的) weather made the search_____31_____.
On July 13, two travelers, Chelsea and Chad Moore, were looking for a place to fish. _____32_____they heard a cry for help. Then they saw Hernandez. They called for_____33_____, and Hernandez was rushed to hospital.
Hernandez is_____34_____in the hospital. Her head is hurt and she has many broken bones. But Hernandez doesn’t seem_____35_____these problems. “None of that matters,” she says. “I’ve met some of the most beautiful human beings that I think I’ll ever meet in my life. They saved my life.”
21. A. take care of B. make use of C. lose control of D. get hold of
22. A. fall B. animal C. travel D. car
23. A. covered B. touched C. washed D. treated
24. A. cleaning B. repairing C. closing D. breaking
25. A. passed by B. woke up C. stayed up D. got around
26. A. action B. decision C. situation D. result
27. A. unable B. afraid C. ready D. certain
28. A. talk with B. shout at C. deal with D. look for
29. A. realized B. promised C. agreed D. hoped
30. A. noticed B. believed C. followed D. called
31. A. impossible B. necessary C. hard D. quick
32. A. Naturally B. Suddenly C. Usually D. Finally
33. A. peace B. work C. praise D. help
34. A. seldom B. also C. still D. even
35. A. worried about B. tired of C. sure of D. interested in
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，Angela Hernandez一次坠崖经历，以及如何获救的过程。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：埃尔南德斯不想撞到这只动物，于是她迅速转弯，导致她失去了对汽车的控制，从悬崖上摔了下来。A. take care of照顾；B. make use of利用；C. lose control of失控；D. get hold of得到。由上文的“she turned quickly”和下文的“fall over the cliff (悬崖)”可知，因为迅速转弯而失去对汽车的控制，她才会从悬崖上摔了下来。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：埃尔南德斯说：“我真的不太记得那次跌落。”A. fall跌落；B. animal动物；C. travel旅行；D. car汽车。呼应上文的“fall over the cliff (悬崖)”讲她跌落悬崖那件事。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的头很疼，当我碰到它时，我发现手上有血。A. covered覆盖；B. touched触摸；C. washed洗；D. treated对待。由下文的“I found blood on my hands”可知，只有摸了头，才会发现头上有血。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过打碎她的一扇窗户，她得以从车里出来，来到岸边，在那里她睡着了。A. cleaning打扫；B. repairing修理；C. closing关闭；D. breaking打破。由下文的“she was able to get out of her car”可知，打破车窗才能从车里逃出来。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：当埃尔南德斯醒来时，她开始了解自己的处境。A. passed by路过；B. woke up醒来；C. stayed up熬夜；D. got around各处走动。承接上文“she fell asleep (她睡着了)”讲她醒来了。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当埃尔南德斯醒来时，她开始了解自己的处境。A. action行动；B. decision决定；C. situation处境；D. result结果。由下文的“She had been badly hurt. And she was stuck on a tiny beach. (她受伤严重。她被困在一个小海滩上)”可知，这是她醒来后发现自己所处的境地。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：埃尔南德斯每天都在海滩上走，寻求帮助，但无法返回高速公路。A. unable不能的；B. afraid害怕的；C. ready准备好的；D. certain确定的。由下文的“She climbed as high as she could to____8____people on the highway. (她爬得尽可能高，对高速公路上的人大喊大叫)”可知，她想通过吸引高速公路上的人来获得帮助，说明她自己不能返回高速公路。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：她爬得尽可能高，对高速公路上的人大喊大叫。A. talk with与……说话；B. shout at对……大叫；C. deal with处理；D. look for寻找。呼应下文的“someone would hear or see her (有人能听到或看到她)”讲掉落悬崖的她通过大喊大叫以引起高速公路上的人的注意。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她希望有人能听到或看到她。A. realized意识到；B. promised承诺；C. agreed同意；D. hoped希望。由上文语境可知，她尽可能往高处爬，大喊大叫是希望别人能发现她。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有人注意到她。A. noticed注意；B. believed相信；C. followed跟随；D. called打电话。呼应上文的“But everyday, she would have to climb back down. (但每天，她都得爬回去)”可知，没有人注意到她，所以要爬回去。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但大雾天气使搜索变得困难。A. impossible不可能的；B. necessary必要的；C. hard困难的；D. quick快速的。由上文的“but people were out looking for her. But foggy (有雾的) weather made the search (但人们在外面找她。但大雾天气使搜索)”可知，大雾加大了寻找埃尔南德斯工作的难度。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：突然他们听到呼救声。A. Naturally自然地；B. Suddenly突然；C. Usually通常；D. Finally最后。由上文的“On July 13, two travelers, Chelsea and Chad Moore, were looking for a place to fish. (7月13日，两名游客切尔西和查德·摩尔正在寻找钓鱼的地方)”和下文的“they heard a cry for help (他们听到呼救声)”可知，两位游客寻找钓鱼点时突然听到了呼救声。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们呼救，埃尔南德斯被紧急送往医院。A. peace和平；B. work工作；C. praise赞扬；D. help帮助。由下文的“Hernandez was rushed to hospital”可知，看到受伤严重的埃尔南德斯，两名游客先求救，然后她才被紧急送往医院。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：埃尔南德斯仍在医院。A. seldom很少；B. also也；C. still仍然；D. even甚至。由下文的“Her head is hurt and she has many broken bones. (她的头受伤了，还有很多骨折)”可知，埃尔南德斯受伤严重，所以仍在医院治疗。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词短语辨析。句意：但埃尔南德斯似乎并不担心这些问题。A. worried about对……担心；B. tired of对……疲倦；C. sure of确信……；D. interested in对……感兴趣。由下文的“None of that matters (这些都不重要)”可知，她并不担心自己身上的伤。故选A项。
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内的单词的正确形式。
Asia has a long tradition of tea-drinking. And China is no exception. However, lately more and more Chinese people are turning to a____36____(difference) drink. Coffee has become an increasingly popular ____37____ (choose) of Chinese people living abroad and in huge cities at home. It is also a popular crop among those____38____ (live) in the mountains of southern Yunnan Province.
In big cities such as Beijing, coffee ____39____ (shop) seem to be on nearly every major street corner. These shops are not just selling drinks from Starbucks, the world-famous coffee company. Coffee businesses from South Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong and Britain____40____(operate) in China as well at the moment.
Coffee or tea? ____41____ is your favorite drink?
I spoke with some Chinese women to learn ____42____ they like coffee over tea since moving to the United States.
Beibei Su from China has been living in the United States for the past eight years. Before that, she lived in Italy. We spoke to her at a ____43____ (crowd) Vietnamese noodle restaurant near Washington D.C. Ms. Su said she liked tea ____44____ (well) than coffee. _____45_____ she added that might not be true among the younger generation in China.
【答案】36. different
37. choice 38. living
39. shops 40. are operating
41. Which 42. if/##whether
43. crowded
44. better 45. But
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了中国具有饮茶文化，但目前越来越多的人喜欢喝咖啡，并对此做出了调研，采访人们更喜欢哪种饮品。
【36题详解】
考查形容词。句意：然而，最近越来越多的中国人开始转向另一种饮料。根据空格前的不定冠词 a 可知，后面应接名词短语。drink 的词性是名词，词意为“饮料”，故空格处应填入形容词作定语修饰名词。difference的形容词形式为different，意为“不同的”。故填different。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：咖啡已经成为生活在国外和国内大城市的中国人越来越受欢迎的选择。根据空格前的不定冠词 an 可知， an 后面跟名词短语。popular 的词性为形容词，形容词修饰名词，故空格处填名词。choose 的词性为动词，词意为“选择”。其名词形式为 choice ，此词意为“选择”。故填 choice 。
【38题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：它也是生活在云南南部山区的一种受欢迎的作物。分析句子可知，空格处应填入非谓语动词作定语。those 与 live 之间是主动关系，故用动词的现在分词形式作 those 的定语。故填living。
【39题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：在像北京这样的大城市，咖啡店似乎几乎遍布每个主要街道的街角。根据空格后的句子“seem to be on nearly every major street corner ”可知，咖啡店不止一家。故应该用名词复数。shop 的复数形式为 shops ，意为“商店”。故填shops 。
【40题详解】
考查动词的时态。句意：目前，来自韩国、台湾、香港和英国的金库业务也在中国开展。根据空格后的词组“at the moment”可知，该句子的时态为现在进行时。现在进行时的结构为“be + doing ”。主语为 Coffee businesses from South Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong and Britain，主语是复数，故 be 动词用 are 。故填are operating。
【41题详解】
考查疑问代词。句意：哪一个是你最喜欢的饮品？根据空格前的句子“Coffee or tea?”可知，后面的句子表达哪一个是你最喜欢的饮品。which 的词意为“哪一个”。位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Which。
【42题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：我采访了一些中国女性，了解她们搬到美国后是否喜欢喝咖啡而不是茶。根据空格后的句子“they like coffee over tea since moving to the United States”可知，作者想知道是否中国女性搬到美国后，更喜欢喝咖啡。if / whether 的词意为“是否”，在本句中可通用。故填 if / whether。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：我们在华盛顿特区附近一家拥挤的越南面馆采访了她。根据空格后的词组“Vietnamese noodle restaurant”可知，此处应用形容词修饰名词或名词词组。故空格处应该填形容词。crowd 的形容词为 crowded ，词意为“拥挤的”。故填crowded 。
【44题详解】
考查副词的比较级。句意：苏女士说比起咖啡，她更喜欢茶。考查固定搭配的使用。根据空格后的 than 可知，此处应用比较级形式。well的比较级形式为better 。故填 better 。
【45题详解】
考查连词。句意：但她补充说，在中国的年轻一代中，情况可能并非如此。根据空格后的句子“she added that might not be true among the younger generation in China”可知，空格处应填入连词。根据句意，前后句是转折的关系。 but 的词意为“但是”。位于句首，首字母需大写。故填But。
第四部分 书面表达 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
46. 假如你是高一学生李华，你校将成立体育社团 (Sports Club)，请用英语告知国际班交换生。要点如下：
1. 社团活动（打球、游戏……）；
2. 参加社团的好处（强身健体、交流学习……）；
3. 欢迎参加社团。
注意：1. 100 词左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头已给出，不记入总词数。
Dear classmates,
I’m Li Hua.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear classmates,
I’m Li Hua. I am very glad to tell you that a sports club will be set up in our school. In the club we can take part in colourful games and activities, such as football, basketball, running, swimming and so on.
As we know, sports are playing a very important role in our daily life. Through physical training, we can not only build up our bodies, but also learn from each other and make more friends. Besides, the club will offer us chances to relax ourselves. I’m sure we’ll enjoy a wonderful time together.
The sports club is open to all of you. You’re welcome to join in the club.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一封信，告知国际交换生关于即将成立的体育社团的相关情况。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时和一般将来时。
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：
1. 社团活动（打球、游戏……）；
2. 参加社团的好处（强身健体、交流学习……）；
3. 欢迎参加社团。
第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）
sports club；set up；take part in；play a very important role in；not only … but also…；build up；learn from；offer；chances；enjoy a wonderful time；be open to; join in
第三步：连词成句
1. I am very glad to tell you that a sports club will be set up in our school.
2…. we can take part in colourful games and activities…
3. …sports are playing a very important role in our daily life…
4. Through physical training, we can not only build up our bodies, but also learn from each other and make more friends.
5. …the club will offer us chances to relax ourselves.
6. I’m sure we’ll enjoy a wonderful time together.
7. The sports club is open to all of you.
8. You’re welcome to join in the club.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last
2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not only…but (also), including,
3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that…
4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，
第五步：润色修改
【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多主从复合句，如：I am very glad to tell you that a sports club will be set up in our school.以及I’m sure we’ll enjoy a wonderful time together.运用了宾语从句；As we know, sports are playing a very important role in our daily life.运用了定语从句；还有一些固定词组，如set up；take part in；play a very important role in；not only … but also…；build up；be open to等。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
第二节:读后续写(满分 25 分)
47. 阅读下面短文, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的故事。
Peter woke up early in the morning. He went downstairs in a hurry and started to have his breakfast as quickly as possible.
"Why are you in such a hurry, early bird?"' Mum asked him. "We will have an English spelling test today, Mum," Peter said. “Mr. White promised to offer prizes to those who get 100 scores. I’ve been studying the word list since last week. Although the words are difficult, I am well prepared for them."
Peter reviewed the spelling of each word once more carefully when Dad drove him to school. At last, it was time for the students to have a test. "Responsibility," Mr. White started. Peter wrote it on his test paper quickly and confidently.
"The second word: contribution," Mr. White said.
"So easy," Peter thought. He quickly wrote the word down.
Thirty words later, the test papers were collected by Mr. White. "I am to mark your papers now," he told the class. After marking the test papers, Mr. White said, "Three of you won a prize today for excellent test scores. Peter, David and Mary got 100 percent on the spelling test!"
Mr. White praised them. Meanwhile, he gave the three students each a dictionary. Peter's was an English-Chinese dictionary --- the one he liked best. Peter was so excited that he held it high when his classmates cheered. "This is my happiest moment." Peter thought.
After Mr. White gave the test paper back, Peter had a look at the words, feeling proud of his spelling. All of a sudden, the word "contribution" confused him. It didn't seem right, Peter began to compare them after taking out the word list. "C-o-n-t-r-i-b-u-s-i-o-n," he whispered. He had spelled it wrong. He didn't know what to do.
注意: 1 .续写词数应为 150 词左右;
2.应使用 5 个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语;
3.续写部分分为 2 段，每段开头已为你写好;
4.续写完成后, 请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1:
Staring at the red sign "100% " at his test paper Peter was lost in thought.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Peter looked around and found many of his classmates were smiling at him.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Paragraph 1:
Staring at the red sign " " at his test paper, Peter was lost in thought. After a while, he remembered a lesson Mum used to teach him, "We ought to be an honest person." Slowly, Peter raised his hand. " "Mr. White, I didn't get 100 percent on the test. I missed a word." He stood up and handed his teacher the dictionary he liked best and his test paper. "I spelled contribution with 's-i' instead of 't-i'. Peter could feel his classmates looking at him with surprise as he walked back to his desk. Mr. White held up Peter's test paper. "Class," he said, "Peter did something even more important than spelling every word correctly on a test. "Mr. White smiled at Peter. "He taught us all a lesson on being honest."
Paragraph 2:
Peter looked around and found many of his classmates were smiling at him. Looking at their smiling faces, he felt proud of himself. "Peter, I want you to have this dictionary because you set a good example for all of us." Mr. White said with a big smile. Excited, Peter took the dictionary from the teacher and expressed his thanks to him. Meanwhile, he couldn't wait to show it to Mum and tell her one of his best days ever.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，文章讲述了彼得为单词拼写做了充足的准备，考试时信心十足最终拿了满分，获得了一本他最喜欢的英汉词典，但是他后来发现自己拼错了一个单词老师没有发现，犹豫之后他还是告诉了老师，老师因为他的诚实把词典奖励给他的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“彼得盯着试卷上“100%”的红色标志，陷入了沉思。”可知，第一段可描写彼得犹豫思考后做出选择。
②由第二段首句内容“彼得环顾四周，发现许多同学都在对他微笑。”可知，第二段可描写彼得做出了一个正确的决定。
2.续写线索：发现错误——思索——做出选择——夸赞——开心——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.举手：raise one’s hand /put up one’s hand
②.迫不及待：can't wait/too impatient to wait/unable to hold oneself back/brook no delay
情绪类
①. 骄傲：feel proud of /take pride in
②. 感谢：Thank for/show one’s appreciation/show one’s gratitude/be grateful
【点睛】[高分句型1]. After a while, he remembered a lesson Mum used to teach him这句话运用了省略了关系代词的定语从句。
[高分句型2]. Looking at their smiling faces, he felt proud of himself. "Peter, I want you to have this dictionary because you set a good example for all of us."这句话运用了现在分词作状语的结构。
听力答案：1-5 A B C B C 6-10 A B A B A 11-15 C A B B B 16-20 A B C A B
长安一中2022-2023学年度第一学期高一年级期中考试
英语试题
时间：120分钟，满分：150分
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在规定位置。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，用签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题卡上，请勿在答题卡上使用涂改液或修正带，写在本试卷上的答案无效。
3.考试结束后，将答题卡交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标到试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What is the man probably doing?
A．Writing a report. B．Reading a newspaper. C．Looking for a newspaper.
2．How does the man usually go to work?
A．By bus. B．By car. C．On foot.
3．Why does the man take an umbrella?
A．Because it’s raining now.
B．Because it will rain soon.
C．Because his wife dislikes walking in the sun.
4．How much is the cheaper book?
A．5 dollars. B．15 dollars. C．20 dollars.
5．What do we know about the man?
A．He likes his new job very much.
B．He makes very little money now.
C．He is busy with his job now.
第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，共22.5分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第 6 段材料，回答第 6 至 7 题。
6．What does the man think of the match?
A．It was great. B．It was just so-so. C．It was boring.
7．Who is Jenny?
A．The woman’s best friend. B．The man’s wife. C．The man’s sister.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 10 题。
8．What’s the weather like today?
A．Fine. B．Rainy. C．Windy.
9．What will the two speakers do tomorrow?
A．Go swimming. B．Go for a picnic. C．Go to Japan.
10．For what does Tom go to Japan?
A. To spend a vacation with his girlfriend.
B. To visit his girlfriend’s parents.
C. To visit his friends.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 11 至 13 题。
11．What is the woman doing?
A．Reading a book. B．Listening to music. C．Playing computer games.
12．What time is it now?
A．About 5：40 pm. B．About 6：00 pm. C．About 6：20 pm.
13．What’s the possible relationship between the two speakers?
A．Mother and son. B．Brother and sister. C．Friends.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 14 至 17 题。
14．What did the old lady probably do?
A．She gave the man a lift.
B．She gave the man some money.
C．She asked a friend to take the man home.
15．Why couldn’t the woman go to help the man?
A．Because she was ill.
B．Because she had to look after Mike.
C．Because she didn’t know where the man was.
16．What happened to the man?
A．He left his wallet in a taxi.
B．He got robbed by a stranger.
C．His wallet was stolen.
17．What will the man probably do next?
A．Buy a new wallet. B．Answer the phone. C．Give a phone call.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 18 至 20 题。
18．How does the speaker and her brother go to school?
A．By car. B．By bus. C．On foot.
19．Which subject does the speaker like best?
A．History. B．PE. C．Science.
20．When do they usually have supper?
A．At about 6:00 pm. B．At about 6:30 pm. C．At about 7:00 pm.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Highest Mountains in the World
Mount Kilimanjaro
Mount Kilimanjaro, a dormant(休眠的)volcano, is the highest mountain in Africa. Its summit is 5, 895 meters above sea level. Located in Tanzania, it is the largest free-standing mountain rise in the world, meaning it is not part of a mountain range. Kilimanjaro is made up of three volcanoes: Kibo, Mawenzi, and Shira. Kibo is the summit of the mountain and the tallest of the three volcanic formations. While Mawenzi and Shira are extinct, Kibo is dormant and could possibly erupt again.
Mount Everest
Mount Everest is the highest mountain in Asia and the highest mountain in the world. Its summit is 8, 848. 86 meters above sea level. It is located in the Himalaya Mountain Range on the border of Nepal and China. The Chinese name is Chomolungma, which means “Mother Goddess of the World”. The Nepali name is Sagarmatha, which has various meanings.
Denali
Denali is the highest mountain in North America. Its summit is 6, 193 meters above sea level. It is located in the USA, in the state of Alaska. “Denali” comes from Koyukon, a traditional native Alaskan language, and means “the tall one”. This name had been used for many generations and was used by early non-native researchers and naturalists. But in 1896, William A. Dickey, a prospector(探矿者), began calling Denali “Mount McKinley”, in honor of William McKinley, a presidential candidate at the time.
Mount Vinson
Mount Vinson is the highest mountain on Antarctica. Its summit is 5, 140 meters above sea level. It is located in the summit plateau of Vinson Massif, near the base of the Palmer Peninsula in western Antarctica. Mount Vinson is part of the Sentinel Range of the Ellsworth Mountains. It was spotted from the air by U. S. pilot Lincoln Ellsworth in 1935.
1. Why is Kibo the most dangerous one among the three volcanoes?
A. It is the highest of the three volcanoes.
B. It is covered with snow all through the year.
C. It is home to a great number of wild animals.
D. It is likely to erupt again sometimes in the future.
2. Which mountain stands between two countries?
A. Mount Kilimanjaro. B. Denali.
C. Mount Everest. D. Mount Vinson.
3. Who was the first to discover Mount Vinson?
A. An American. B. An Australian.
C. A Frenchman. D. A Japanese.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四座世界最高峰。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句“While Mawenzi and Shira are extinct, Kibo is dormant and could possibly erupt again.（马文子火山和希拉火山已经灭绝，而基博火山处于休眠状态，可能会再次爆发。）可知，基博火山是三座火山中最危险的原因是它很可能在未来的某个时候再次爆发。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段第三句“It is located in the Himalaya Mountain Range on the border of Nepal and China.（它位于尼泊尔和中国边境的喜马拉雅山脉。）”可知，珠穆朗玛峰位于两国之间。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一句“It was spotted from the air by U. S. pilot Lincoln Ellsworth in 1935.（1935年，美国飞行员林肯·埃尔斯沃斯从空中发现了它。）”可知，第一个发现文森山的是一个美国人。故选A项。
B
When Paul was a boy growing up in Utah, he happened to live near a copper smelter (炼铜厂), and the chemicals that poured out had made a wasteland out of what used to be a beautiful forest. One day a young visitor looked at this wasteland and called it an awful area. Paul knocked him down. From then on, something happened inside him.
Years later Paul was back in the area, and he went to the smelter office. He asked if they had any plans or if they would let him try to bring the trees back. The answer from that big industry was “No”.
Paul then went to college to study the science of plants. Unfortunately, his teachers said there weren’t any birds or squirrels to spread the seeds. It would be a waste of his life to try to do it. Everyone knew that, he was told. Even if he was knowledgeable as he had expected, he wouldn’t get his idea accepted.
Paul later got married and had some kids. But his dream would not die. And then one night he did what he could with what he had. As Samuel Johnson wrote, “It is common to overlook what is near by keeping the eye fixed on something remote. Attainable (可得到的) good is often ignored by minds busied in wide ranges.” Under the cover of darkness, he went secretly into the wasteland and started planting.
And every week, he made his secret journey into the wasteland and planted trees and grass. For fifteen years he did this against the plain common sense. Slowly rabbits appeared. Later, as there was legal pressure to clean up the environment, the company actually hired Paul to do what he was already doing.
Now the place is fourteen thousand acres of trees and grass and bushes, and Paul has received almost every environmental award Utah has. It took him until his hair turned white, but he managed to keep that impossible vow he made to himself as a child.
4. According to the passage, which of the following sentences is TRUE?
A. He persuaded the factory to make some plans to deal with the pollution voluntarily.
B. He learned a lot about the science of plants while he was in college.
C His teachers offered his some advice on solving the pollution problem.
D. At first, he managed to get some people to accept his idea.
5. What does the underlined phrase in the Paragraph 5 “the plain common sense” probably refer to?
A. That it was impossible for trees to grow on the wasteland.
B. That no one would like to join him in the efforts.
C. That his normal work and life would be greatly affected.
D. That he had to keep everything he did secret.
6. The company hired Paul to plant trees and grass because ______.
A. they realized the importance of environmental protection
B. Paul persuaded them to help him
C. what Paul was doing moved them
D. they were forced to do so
7. The message of the passage is that ______.
A. action speaks louder than words
B. God helps those who help themselves
C. determination works wonders
D. many hands make light work
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。保罗小时候住在一家炼铜厂附近，从那里流出的化学物质把曾经美丽的森林变成了一片荒地，保罗通过不懈的努力创造了奇迹，将这片荒地重新覆盖了大片绿植。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Paul then went to college to study the science of plants.”(保罗随后进入大学学习植物科学。)和最后一句“Even if he was knowledgeable as he had expected, he wouldn’t get his idea accepted.”(即使他如他所期望的那样知识渊博，他的想法也没有被接受。)可知，保罗在大学时学到了很多关于植物的科学知识。故选B。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第五段第一句“And every week, he made his secret journey into the wasteland and planted trees and grass.”(每个星期，他都秘密地到荒地里去植树种草。)和介词against可知，保罗到荒地植树种草的行为是与常识相悖的，所以the plain common sense是指“树木不可能在荒地上生长”。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒第二段最后一句“Later, as there was legal pressure to clean up the environment, the company actually hired Paul to do what he was already doing.”(后来，由于有清理环境的法律压力，该公司实际上雇佣了保罗，让他做他已经在做的事情。)可知，公司雇保罗种树种草是因为他们被迫这么做。故选D。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段最后一句“It took him until his hair turned white, but he managed to keep that impossible vow he made to himself as a child.”(直到他的头发都变白了他才做到这件事，但他成功地实现了他小时候对自己许下的不可能的誓言。)可知，这篇文章的主题是决心能创造奇迹。故选C。
C
Alibaba Cloud and the Hangzhou city government announced the launch of ET City Brain 2.0, a cloud-powered and AI-driven urban traffic-management system that aims to increase the city’s efficiency.
After over two years of testing in Alibaba’s home base, ET City Brain has become the new infrastructure (基础设施) for Hangzhou, with a total coverage of 420 square kilometers in area, including over 1,300 traffic lights. Over 200 traffic officers are connected via mobile phones, enabling them to receive real-time alerts on any traffic-related emergencies.
In version 2.0, the system will optimize the city’s firefighting abilities by providing key information to firefighters, such as water pressure, the number and position of fire hydrants (消防栓) in a given area, the location of gas pipes and other details they need to know. The information is instant, making the entire firefighting process faster, safer and more accurate.
City Brain gives meaning to data. By using AI and advanced algorithms (计算程序), City Brain is able to analyze a large amount of data and turn them into useful information in real-time speed.
As a result of City Brain’s ability to predict traffic flow, detect accidents and provide instant feedback, Hangzhou has dropped from 5th to the 57th on the list of China’s most congested cities. Hangzhou is probably the only city that can tell you how many cars are on the street at any given time.
In the case of medical emergencies, City Brain is able to change traffic lights, so emergency vehicles like ambulances and fire trucks can head to the scene without interruption, accelerating their arrival time by 49%.
Dr. Wang Jian, head of Alibaba’s Technology Steering Committee who invented the term “City Brain”，said the system is designed to empower a city to act quickly and directly. It is more than just about traffic management. It’s really about how to make city more livable at a time of shrinking natural resources around the globe. “It is a matter of sustainability, while using as little natural resources as possible,” Wang said, “This is just the beginning.”
8. What benefit will ET City Brain bring?
A. Less traffic jam.
B. Lower crime rates.
C. Efficient government.
D. Improved medical care.
9. Which of the following functions of the City Brain is NOT mentioned in the text?
A. Predicting traffic flow.
B. Giving quick feedback.
C. Changing traffic lights.
D. Handling traffic accidents.
10. Which of the following best explains the underlined word “optimize” in Paragraph 3?
A. Practise. B. Better.
C. Operate. D. Emphasize.
11. What can we conclude from the last paragraph?
A. ET City Brain 2.0 is a mature version.
B. Alibaba targets environment-friendly development.
C. The government is devoted to improving the system.
D. The system can solve the problem of lack of resources.
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. B 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了阿里云和杭州市政府宣布推出ET City Brain 2.0，这是一个云驱动和人工智能驱动的城市交通管理系统，旨在提高城市的效率。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Alibaba Cloud and the Hangzhou city government announced the launch of ET City Brain 2.0, a cloud-powered and AI-driven urban traffic-management system that aims to increase the city’s efficiency.(阿里云和杭州市政府宣布推出ET城市大脑2.0，这是一个云计算和人工智能驱动的城市交通管理系统，旨在提高城市的效率。)”可知，ET城市大脑会提高城市效率，即带来更少的交通堵塞。故选A项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第五段“As a result of City Brain’s ability to predict traffic flow, detect accidents and provide instant feedback, Hangzhou has dropped from 5th to the 57th on the list of China’s most congested cities.(由于“城市大脑”预测交通流量、检测事故并提供即时反馈的能力，杭州在中国最拥堵城市排行榜上从第5位跌至第57位。)”可知A项和B项正确，再根据第六段“In the case of medical emergencies, City Brain is able to change traffic lights(在医疗紧急情况下，“城市大脑”能够改变交通灯)”可知，C项正确，所以D项文章没有提到。故选D项。
【10题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线词的下文“by providing key information to firefighters, such as water pressure, the number and position of fire hydrants (消防栓) in a given area, the location of gas pipes and other details they need to know.The information is instant, making the entire firefighting process faster, safer and more accurate.(通过向消防员提供关键信息，如水压、给定区域内消防栓的数量和位置、燃气管道的位置和其他他们需要知道的细节。这些信息是即时的，使整个灭火过程更快、更安全、更准确。)”可知，系统通过向消防员提供关键信息来使城市消防能力更好，所以可以推断出，画线词的意思是“使……更好”。故选B项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“It is more than just about traffic management. It’s really about how to make city more livable at a time of shrinking natural resources around the globe. “It is a matter of sustainability, while using as little natural resources as possible,” Wang said, “This is just the beginning.”(它不仅仅是交通管理。这是关于如何在全球自然资源不断减少的时候使城市更宜居。“这是一个可持续发展的问题，同时使用尽可能少的自然资源，”王说，“这只是一个开始。”)”可知，这个系统的目标是环境友好型发展。故选B项。
D
Life in space will certainly take some getting used to! But the space station has been designed to keep the astronauts as comfortable as possible—the modules(舱) are roomy, bright, and kept at a constant 21℃. It’s important the crew members are comfortable because they’ll be busy aboard the station. In a typical workday, crew members will spend 14 hours working and exercising, 1.5 hours preparing and eating meals, and 8.5 hours sleeping. Here are some other fun facts about life aboard the station:
Food
Come mealtime, astronauts will have a special dining kitchen. Space food just keeps getting better—and more like food we enjoy here on Earth. In early space missions(任务), astronauts could eat only freeze-dried food that didn’t require any preparation. But the space station is equipped with water, microwave ovens, and refrigerators, allowing the folks on board to eat more “normal” types of food, including fruit, vegetables, and ice cream!
Sleep
Each crew member has a private room. With no gravity, they’ll need to tie themselves to their beds, or they will float away! That might sound like a strange way to sleep, but astronauts from past space missions report that sleeping in space is actually pretty great! Exercise
You might not think it, but exercise is even more important on the station than it is on Earth. There is not much gravity in space. Astronauts don’t stand up, sit down or walk in space, so their muscles and bones don’t have to work much—and this muscle and bone loss can be dangerous back on Earth. To fight this, astronauts on the station will exercise on bikes, rowing machines, and other equipment about two hours every day.
Clothing
Astronauts will have to wear special space suits while travelling aboard the U.S. shuttle or Russian rockets. But once they’re safe inside the space station, crew members can wear regular clothing. Of course, a specially designed, pressurized space suit is required for space walks. It has to bear flying pieces and protect the astronauts from dramatic temperature changes. It can range from -84℃ in the shadow of the station to 121℃ in the hot sun.
Personal Cleanliness
Simple tasks like brushing your teeth can be challenging in a weightless environment. A little water doesn’t flow in a stream. Astronauts will use a freshwater hose(软管) to take showers, shampoo, and wash off—then a second vacuum hose to suction(吸) off the dirty water. And how do you go to the bathroom in space? With a special “air toilet” that uses flowing air instead of water to get rid of waste.
12. The text is mainly about________ .
A. ways to get used to life in space.
B. fun facts about life in space.
C. temperature changes in space.
D. a typical workday in space.
13. What can we learn about space food from the text?
A. Space food is getting better now than before.
B. Astronauts could eat apples in space in the past.
C. Fresh food isn’t available to astronauts in space.
D. Astronauts eat only fruit, vegetables and ice cream now.
14. Why is exercise more important in space than on Earth?
A. It can prevent muscle and bone loss.
B. It can make astronauts feel relaxed in space.
C It can help astronauts spend their spare time happily.
D. Astronauts’ lives are more important in space than on earth.
15. What can be learned from the paragraph “Clothing”?
A. Astronauts wear pressurized space suits just to keep warm.
B. Astronauts can wear regular clothing for space walks now.
C. Astronauts must wear special space suits all the time in space.
D. The temperature is quite different in different places in space.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了太空站的有趣的事情。
12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段最后一句“Here are some other fun facts about life aboard the station（以下是关于空间站生活的一些有趣的事实）”结合全文来看，本文主要是在介绍关于太空生活的有趣事实。故选B项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段的第二句“Space food just keeps getting better—and more like food we enjoy here on Earth.（太空食物越来越美味，越来越像我们在地球上享受的食物。）”可知，现在的太空食物越来越美味。故选A项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段最后两句“Astronauts don’t stand up, sit down or walk in space, so their muscles and bones don’t have to work much—and this muscle and bone loss can be dangerous back on Earth. To fight this, astronauts on the station will exercise on bikes, rowing machines, and other equipment about two hours every day.（宇航员在太空中不站、不坐也不走，所以他们的肌肉和骨骼不需要太多的工作，而这种肌肉和骨骼的流失在地球上是很危险的。为了解决这个问题，空间站上的宇航员每天将在自行车、划船机和其他设备上锻炼约两个小时。）”可知，在太空中锻炼比在地球上锻炼更重要的原因是可以防止肌肉和骨质流失。故选A项。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第五段最后两句“It has to bear flying pieces and protect the astronauts from dramatic temperature changes. It can range from -84℃ in the shadow of the station to 121℃ in the hot sun.（它必须承受飞行部件，保护宇航员免受剧烈温度变化的影响。在太空站的阴影下温度可达-84℃，在烈日下可达121℃。）”可知，在空间的不同地方，温度有很大的不同。故选D项。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余 选项。
The Winner’s Guide to Success
How do successful people think? What helps them to make success? To find out the answers, an American scholar recently visited some of the most successful people in America. ___16___.
Be responsible for yourself
Sometimes you may want to blame others for your failure to get ahead. In fact, when you say someone or something outside of yourself is stopping you from making success, you’re giving away your own power. You’re saying, “You have more control over my life than I do.”
Live life “on purpose”
Almost all successful people live life “on purpose”.___17___.When you live your life on purpose, you’ll try your best to do your job or study as well as you can. You love what you do and you can find pleasure in what you do.
Write a plan
It is very difficult trying to get what you want without a good plan. It is just like trying to drive through strange roads to a city far away.___18___ Without this “map”, you may waste your time, money and also your energy; while with the “map” you’ll enjoy the “trip” and get what you want in the shortest possible time.
Be willing to pay the price
Nothing great is easy to get. So you must be ready to work hard-even harder than you have ever done. If you are not willing to pay the price, you won’t get anything valuable.
___19___
It seems to us that everyone knows this. But it is easier said than done. When you are doing something, you must tell yourself again and again: Giving up is worse than failure because failure can be the mother of success, but giving up means the death of hope.
Don’t delay
Once an American writer was writing a novel. He could not have a good ending for his book until one night when he had a very good idea. He was so excited that he made a phone call to one of his best friends. “I’ve got a perfect idea,” he said, “I’ll put it down later and show it to you.” But he never did, because he died that night. His book was left without a perfect ending.___20___. Never delay at all.
A. Some people achieve success much later in life because they fail to realize earlier the importance of hard work
B. So remember, do what you can right away
C. Never give up
D. A good plan is like a map to you
E. Here are some keys to success that they give
F. They are doing what they believe they should and want to do
G. Make a decision
【答案】16. E 17. F 18. D 19. C 20. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。作者根据成功人士的经验，对于如何取得成功这一问题，给出了自己的一些建议。
【16题详解】
上文To find out the answers, an American scholar recently visited some of the most successful people in America. 提到了一位学者拜访了几位美国的成功人士，结合下文段落小标题提出的建议，E项“以下是他们给出的一些导致成功的关键因素”符合题意，承上启下。故选E。
【17题详解】
上文Almost all successful people live life “on purpose”. 提到了成功人士有目的的生活，F项“他们做他们认为他们应该做和想要做的事情”说明了他们有目的的做事，符合语境，故选F。
【18题详解】
下文Without this “map”, 这里捕捉到关键词map，D项“对你来说，一个好的计划如同一张地图”提到map，符合题意，说明计划如同地图一样指导你。故选D。
【19题详解】
空格处是段落标题。由you must tell yourself again and again: Giving up is worse than failure because failure can be the mother of success, but giving up means the death of hope.(你必须一次又一次地告诉自己：放弃比失败更糟糕，因为失败可以是成功的母亲，但放弃意味着希望的死亡)可推断，这一自然段的标题应是永不放弃，故选C。
【20题详解】
上文But he never did, because he died that night. His book was left without a perfect ending.(但他从来没有这样做，因为他那天晚上死了。他的书没有一个完美的结局)是举例，由这个例子可以看出不要推迟做事情，以免造成遗憾，B项“所以请记住，立刻做你能做的事情”符合题意，故选B。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读小面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳 选项。
Angela Hernandez was driving to her sister’s home near Los Angeles, on July 6 when a small animal ran onto the road. Hernandez didn’t want to hit the animal, so she turned quickly, causing her to____21____her car and fall over the cliff (悬崖).
“I don’t really remember much of the____22____,” Hernandez said. “I just remember waking up in my car with water coming up over my knees. My head hurt and when I____23____it , I found blood on my hands.”
By____24____one of her windows, she was able to get out of her car and get to shore (岸边), where she fell asleep. When Hernandez____25____, she began to understand her____26____. She had been badly hurt. And she was stuck on a tiny beach.
Hernandez spent each day walking on the beach, searching for help, but was____27____to make her way back up to the highway. She climbed as high as she could to____28____people on the highway. She____29____someone would hear or see her. But everyday, she would have to climb back down. No one had_____30_____her.
Hernandez didn’t know it, but people were out looking for her. But foggy (有雾的) weather made the search_____31_____.
On July 13, two travelers, Chelsea and Chad Moore, were looking for a place to fish. _____32_____they heard a cry for help. Then they saw Hernandez. They called for_____33_____, and Hernandez was rushed to hospital.
Hernandez is_____34_____in the hospital. Her head is hurt and she has many broken bones. But Hernandez doesn’t seem_____35_____these problems. “None of that matters,” she says. “I’ve met some of the most beautiful human beings that I think I’ll ever meet in my life. They saved my life.”
21. A. take care of B. make use of C. lose control of D. get hold of
22. A. fall B. animal C. travel D. car
23. A. covered B. touched C. washed D. treated
24. A. cleaning B. repairing C. closing D. breaking
25. A. passed by B. woke up C. stayed up D. got around
26. A. action B. decision C. situation D. result
27. A. unable B. afraid C. ready D. certain
28. A. talk with B. shout at C. deal with D. look for
29. A. realized B. promised C. agreed D. hoped
30. A. noticed B. believed C. followed D. called
31. A. impossible B. necessary C. hard D. quick
32. A. Naturally B. Suddenly C. Usually D. Finally
33. A. peace B. work C. praise D. help
34. A. seldom B. also C. still D. even
35. A. worried about B. tired of C. sure of D. interested in
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，Angela Hernandez一次坠崖经历，以及如何获救的过程。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：埃尔南德斯不想撞到这只动物，于是她迅速转弯，导致她失去了对汽车的控制，从悬崖上摔了下来。A. take care of照顾；B. make use of利用；C. lose control of失控；D. get hold of得到。由上文的“she turned quickly”和下文的“fall over the cliff (悬崖)”可知，因为迅速转弯而失去对汽车的控制，她才会从悬崖上摔了下来。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：埃尔南德斯说：“我真的不太记得那次跌落。”A. fall跌落；B. animal动物；C. travel旅行；D. car汽车。呼应上文的“fall over the cliff (悬崖)”讲她跌落悬崖那件事。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的头很疼，当我碰到它时，我发现手上有血。A. covered覆盖；B. touched触摸；C. washed洗；D. treated对待。由下文的“I found blood on my hands”可知，只有摸了头，才会发现头上有血。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过打碎她的一扇窗户，她得以从车里出来，来到岸边，在那里她睡着了。A. cleaning打扫；B. repairing修理；C. closing关闭；D. breaking打破。由下文的“she was able to get out of her car”可知，打破车窗才能从车里逃出来。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：当埃尔南德斯醒来时，她开始了解自己的处境。A. passed by路过；B. woke up醒来；C. stayed up熬夜；D. got around各处走动。承接上文“she fell asleep (她睡着了)”讲她醒来了。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当埃尔南德斯醒来时，她开始了解自己的处境。A. action行动；B. decision决定；C. situation处境；D. result结果。由下文的“She had been badly hurt. And she was stuck on a tiny beach. (她受伤严重。她被困在一个小海滩上)”可知，这是她醒来后发现自己所处的境地。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：埃尔南德斯每天都在海滩上走，寻求帮助，但无法返回高速公路。A. unable不能的；B. afraid害怕的；C. ready准备好的；D. certain确定的。由下文的“She climbed as high as she could to____8____people on the highway. (她爬得尽可能高，对高速公路上的人大喊大叫)”可知，她想通过吸引高速公路上的人来获得帮助，说明她自己不能返回高速公路。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：她爬得尽可能高，对高速公路上的人大喊大叫。A. talk with与……说话；B. shout at对……大叫；C. deal with处理；D. look for寻找。呼应下文的“someone would hear or see her (有人能听到或看到她)”讲掉落悬崖的她通过大喊大叫以引起高速公路上的人的注意。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她希望有人能听到或看到她。A. realized意识到；B. promised承诺；C. agreed同意；D. hoped希望。由上文语境可知，她尽可能往高处爬，大喊大叫是希望别人能发现她。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有人注意到她。A. noticed注意；B. believed相信；C. followed跟随；D. called打电话。呼应上文的“But everyday, she would have to climb back down. (但每天，她都得爬回去)”可知，没有人注意到她，所以要爬回去。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但大雾天气使搜索变得困难。A. impossible不可能的；B. necessary必要的；C. hard困难的；D. quick快速的。由上文的“but people were out looking for her. But foggy (有雾的) weather made the search (但人们在外面找她。但大雾天气使搜索)”可知，大雾加大了寻找埃尔南德斯工作的难度。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：突然他们听到呼救声。A. Naturally自然地；B. Suddenly突然；C. Usually通常；D. Finally最后。由上文的“On July 13, two travelers, Chelsea and Chad Moore, were looking for a place to fish. (7月13日，两名游客切尔西和查德·摩尔正在寻找钓鱼的地方)”和下文的“they heard a cry for help (他们听到呼救声)”可知，两位游客寻找钓鱼点时突然听到了呼救声。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们呼救，埃尔南德斯被紧急送往医院。A. peace和平；B. work工作；C. praise赞扬；D. help帮助。由下文的“Hernandez was rushed to hospital”可知，看到受伤严重的埃尔南德斯，两名游客先求救，然后她才被紧急送往医院。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：埃尔南德斯仍在医院。A. seldom很少；B. also也；C. still仍然；D. even甚至。由下文的“Her head is hurt and she has many broken bones. (她的头受伤了，还有很多骨折)”可知，埃尔南德斯受伤严重，所以仍在医院治疗。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词短语辨析。句意：但埃尔南德斯似乎并不担心这些问题。A. worried about对……担心；B. tired of对……疲倦；C. sure of确信……；D. interested in对……感兴趣。由下文的“None of that matters (这些都不重要)”可知，她并不担心自己身上的伤。故选A项。
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内的单词的正确形式。
Asia has a long tradition of tea-drinking. And China is no exception. However, lately more and more Chinese people are turning to a____36____(difference) drink. Coffee has become an increasingly popular ____37____ (choose) of Chinese people living abroad and in huge cities at home. It is also a popular crop among those____38____ (live) in the mountains of southern Yunnan Province.
In big cities such as Beijing, coffee ____39____ (shop) seem to be on nearly every major street corner. These shops are not just selling drinks from Starbucks, the world-famous coffee company. Coffee businesses from South Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong and Britain____40____(operate) in China as well at the moment.
Coffee or tea? ____41____ is your favorite drink?
I spoke with some Chinese women to learn ____42____ they like coffee over tea since moving to the United States.
Beibei Su from China has been living in the United States for the past eight years. Before that, she lived in Italy. We spoke to her at a ____43____ (crowd) Vietnamese noodle restaurant near Washington D.C. Ms. Su said she liked tea ____44____ (well) than coffee. _____45_____ she added that might not be true among the younger generation in China.
【答案】36. different
37. choice 38. living
39. shops 40. are operating
41. Which 42. if/##whether
43. crowded
44. better 45. But
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了中国具有饮茶文化，但目前越来越多的人喜欢喝咖啡，并对此做出了调研，采访人们更喜欢哪种饮品。
【36题详解】
考查形容词。句意：然而，最近越来越多的中国人开始转向另一种饮料。根据空格前的不定冠词 a 可知，后面应接名词短语。drink 的词性是名词，词意为“饮料”，故空格处应填入形容词作定语修饰名词。difference的形容词形式为different，意为“不同的”。故填different。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：咖啡已经成为生活在国外和国内大城市的中国人越来越受欢迎的选择。根据空格前的不定冠词 an 可知， an 后面跟名词短语。popular 的词性为形容词，形容词修饰名词，故空格处填名词。choose 的词性为动词，词意为“选择”。其名词形式为 choice ，此词意为“选择”。故填 choice 。
【38题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：它也是生活在云南南部山区的一种受欢迎的作物。分析句子可知，空格处应填入非谓语动词作定语。those 与 live 之间是主动关系，故用动词的现在分词形式作 those 的定语。故填living。
【39题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：在像北京这样的大城市，咖啡店似乎几乎遍布每个主要街道的街角。根据空格后的句子“seem to be on nearly every major street corner ”可知，咖啡店不止一家。故应该用名词复数。shop 的复数形式为 shops ，意为“商店”。故填shops 。
【40题详解】
考查动词的时态。句意：目前，来自韩国、台湾、香港和英国的金库业务也在中国开展。根据空格后的词组“at the moment”可知，该句子的时态为现在进行时。现在进行时的结构为“be + doing ”。主语为 Coffee businesses from South Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong and Britain，主语是复数，故 be 动词用 are 。故填are operating。
【41题详解】
考查疑问代词。句意：哪一个是你最喜欢的饮品？根据空格前的句子“Coffee or tea?”可知，后面的句子表达哪一个是你最喜欢的饮品。which 的词意为“哪一个”。位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Which。
【42题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：我采访了一些中国女性，了解她们搬到美国后是否喜欢喝咖啡而不是茶。根据空格后的句子“they like coffee over tea since moving to the United States”可知，作者想知道是否中国女性搬到美国后，更喜欢喝咖啡。if / whether 的词意为“是否”，在本句中可通用。故填 if / whether。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：我们在华盛顿特区附近一家拥挤的越南面馆采访了她。根据空格后的词组“Vietnamese noodle restaurant”可知，此处应用形容词修饰名词或名词词组。故空格处应该填形容词。crowd 的形容词为 crowded ，词意为“拥挤的”。故填crowded 。
【44题详解】
考查副词的比较级。句意：苏女士说比起咖啡，她更喜欢茶。考查固定搭配的使用。根据空格后的 than 可知，此处应用比较级形式。well的比较级形式为better 。故填 better 。
【45题详解】
考查连词。句意：但她补充说，在中国的年轻一代中，情况可能并非如此。根据空格后的句子“she added that might not be true among the younger generation in China”可知，空格处应填入连词。根据句意，前后句是转折的关系。 but 的词意为“但是”。位于句首，首字母需大写。故填But。
第四部分 书面表达 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
46. 假如你是高一学生李华，你校将成立体育社团 (Sports Club)，请用英语告知国际班交换生。要点如下：
1. 社团活动（打球、游戏……）；
2. 参加社团的好处（强身健体、交流学习……）；
3. 欢迎参加社团。
注意：1. 100 词左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头已给出，不记入总词数。
Dear classmates,
I’m Li Hua.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear classmates,
I’m Li Hua. I am very glad to tell you that a sports club will be set up in our school. In the club we can take part in colourful games and activities, such as football, basketball, running, swimming and so on.
As we know, sports are playing a very important role in our daily life. Through physical training, we can not only build up our bodies, but also learn from each other and make more friends. Besides, the club will offer us chances to relax ourselves. I’m sure we’ll enjoy a wonderful time together.
The sports club is open to all of you. You’re welcome to join in the club.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一封信，告知国际交换生关于即将成立的体育社团的相关情况。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时和一般将来时。
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：
1. 社团活动（打球、游戏……）；
2. 参加社团的好处（强身健体、交流学习……）；
3. 欢迎参加社团。
第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）
sports club；set up；take part in；play a very important role in；not only … but also…；build up；learn from；offer；chances；enjoy a wonderful time；be open to; join in
第三步：连词成句
1. I am very glad to tell you that a sports club will be set up in our school.
2…. we can take part in colourful games and activities…
3. …sports are playing a very important role in our daily life…
4. Through physical training, we can not only build up our bodies, but also learn from each other and make more friends.
5. …the club will offer us chances to relax ourselves.
6. I’m sure we’ll enjoy a wonderful time together.
7. The sports club is open to all of you.
8. You’re welcome to join in the club.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last
2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not only…but (also), including,
3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that…
4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，
第五步：润色修改
【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多主从复合句，如：I am very glad to tell you that a sports club will be set up in our school.以及I’m sure we’ll enjoy a wonderful time together.运用了宾语从句；As we know, sports are playing a very important role in our daily life.运用了定语从句；还有一些固定词组，如set up；take part in；play a very important role in；not only … but also…；build up；be open to等。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
第二节:读后续写(满分 25 分)
47. 阅读下面短文, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的故事。
Peter woke up early in the morning. He went downstairs in a hurry and started to have his breakfast as quickly as possible.
"Why are you in such a hurry, early bird?"' Mum asked him. "We will have an English spelling test today, Mum," Peter said. “Mr. White promised to offer prizes to those who get 100 scores. I’ve been studying the word list since last week. Although the words are difficult, I am well prepared for them."
Peter reviewed the spelling of each word once more carefully when Dad drove him to school. At last, it was time for the students to have a test. "Responsibility," Mr. White started. Peter wrote it on his test paper quickly and confidently.
"The second word: contribution," Mr. White said.
"So easy," Peter thought. He quickly wrote the word down.
Thirty words later, the test papers were collected by Mr. White. "I am to mark your papers now," he told the class. After marking the test papers, Mr. White said, "Three of you won a prize today for excellent test scores. Peter, David and Mary got 100 percent on the spelling test!"
Mr. White praised them. Meanwhile, he gave the three students each a dictionary. Peter's was an English-Chinese dictionary --- the one he liked best. Peter was so excited that he held it high when his classmates cheered. "This is my happiest moment." Peter thought.
After Mr. White gave the test paper back, Peter had a look at the words, feeling proud of his spelling. All of a sudden, the word "contribution" confused him. It didn't seem right, Peter began to compare them after taking out the word list. "C-o-n-t-r-i-b-u-s-i-o-n," he whispered. He had spelled it wrong. He didn't know what to do.
注意: 1 .续写词数应为 150 词左右;
2.应使用 5 个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语;
3.续写部分分为 2 段，每段开头已为你写好;
4.续写完成后, 请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1:
Staring at the red sign "100% " at his test paper Peter was lost in thought.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Peter looked around and found many of his classmates were smiling at him.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Paragraph 1:
Staring at the red sign " " at his test paper, Peter was lost in thought. After a while, he remembered a lesson Mum used to teach him, "We ought to be an honest person." Slowly, Peter raised his hand. " "Mr. White, I didn't get 100 percent on the test. I missed a word." He stood up and handed his teacher the dictionary he liked best and his test paper. "I spelled contribution with 's-i' instead of 't-i'. Peter could feel his classmates looking at him with surprise as he walked back to his desk. Mr. White held up Peter's test paper. "Class," he said, "Peter did something even more important than spelling every word correctly on a test. "Mr. White smiled at Peter. "He taught us all a lesson on being honest."
Paragraph 2:
Peter looked around and found many of his classmates were smiling at him. Looking at their smiling faces, he felt proud of himself. "Peter, I want you to have this dictionary because you set a good example for all of us." Mr. White said with a big smile. Excited, Peter took the dictionary from the teacher and expressed his thanks to him. Meanwhile, he couldn't wait to show it to Mum and tell her one of his best days ever.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，文章讲述了彼得为单词拼写做了充足的准备，考试时信心十足最终拿了满分，获得了一本他最喜欢的英汉词典，但是他后来发现自己拼错了一个单词老师没有发现，犹豫之后他还是告诉了老师，老师因为他的诚实把词典奖励给他的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“彼得盯着试卷上“100%”的红色标志，陷入了沉思。”可知，第一段可描写彼得犹豫思考后做出选择。
②由第二段首句内容“彼得环顾四周，发现许多同学都在对他微笑。”可知，第二段可描写彼得做出了一个正确的决定。
2.续写线索：发现错误——思索——做出选择——夸赞——开心——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.举手：raise one’s hand /put up one’s hand
②.迫不及待：can't wait/too impatient to wait/unable to hold oneself back/brook no delay
情绪类
①. 骄傲：feel proud of /take pride in
②. 感谢：Thank for/show one’s appreciation/show one’s gratitude/be grateful
【点睛】[高分句型1]. After a while, he remembered a lesson Mum used to teach him这句话运用了省略了关系代词的定语从句。
[高分句型2]. Looking at their smiling faces, he felt proud of himself. "Peter, I want you to have this dictionary because you set a good example for all of us."这句话运用了现在分词作状语的结构。
听力答案：1-5 A B C B C 6-10 A B A B A 11-15 C A B B B 16-20 A B C A B
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