2023 英语新中考二轮复习热点透析 核心考点08 短文填空之选词填空

核心考点08  短文填空之选词填空

一、考向分析

中考英语试卷中，短文题材非常广泛，可以是科普文、故事、体育甚至文化习俗等、不过、所选的文章，一般都是大家比较熟悉的材料。选词填空题考查学生对备选词的掌握及对语法的运用能力。做题时要根据句子结构确定句中所缺词的词性，然后结合句意及备选词即可得出答案。

二、考点详解

掌握短文填空命题规律

规律一：没有提示词的空格处，通常需要填的是虚词，如介词、连词、冠词等;

规律二：给出动词提示词的题通常就是时态、语态、分词形式的变化∶给出形容词提示词的题目，通常是比较级、

最高级、副词的变化;给出名词的题目，通常是单复数的变化。根据命题规律，结合句子结构分析 可先确定词

性.然后进一步确定到底填什么。

规律三：根据音标，考生可以读出单词，并试着写出单词，这样，减少一部分空白，有助于了解文章、句子的意思，以便填出其他空格。

规律四：空格处有时会涉及固定短语、固定搭配、固定句型等，根据这些知识，可正确解题。

短文填空解题技巧点拨

一技巧：短文填空题要求考生根据短文内容.结合相应的提示填空。题目设空 10个.设空形式有四种;给出音标，

给出提示词，给出首字母，不给提示。根据上下文适当变化词性、词形的能力根据上下文写出合适的介词、

冠词、名词等的能力。

二技巧：短文填空的文章以记叙文和说明文为主此类文章的开头和结尾常常会有主题句，浏览文章时，可先读

首尾句，以便了解文章大意。然后，浏览全文，以便对文章整体有个了解。浏览文章时.抓住文中反复出现的关

键词.也有助于了解文章大意和答题。

三技巧：有些题目，需要分析所在句子的结构.了解空格处在句中所作成分.就可以得出答案。比如给出提示词的

题目;已经知道是哪个词，只需要搞清楚提示词在句中作什么成分.便可填出适当的形式。对于没有提示的空

格，通过分析句子结构，可以知道句中缺少了什么成分，进而得出应填什么词。

四技巧：句子写完后默念一遍，用语感来判断所写句子通顺与否，接着要再次核对提示词是否都用上、是否用

错。最后.要检查是否有拼写和语法错误。

三、真题再现

一、短文选词填空

（2021·贵州黔南·中考真题）从选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一个为多余选项。

Do you know what a resolution is? It’s a kind of promise. Most of the time, we make promises to other people. However, promises you make to yourself are resolutions, ___1___ the most common kind is New Year’s resolutions. The start of the year is often a time for making resolutions. We hope that we are going to improve our lives. Some people write down their resolutions and ___2___ for the coming year. This helps them to remember their resolutions.Others tell their family and friends about their wishes and plans.

There are ___3___ kinds of resolutions. Some are about physical health. For example, some people promise themselves they are going to ___4___ an exercise program or eat less fast food. Many resolutions have to do with self-improvement. These are about making ___5___ a better person. Some people might say they are going to take up a hobby like painting or taking photos, or learn to play the guitar. Some resolutions have to do with better planning, like making a weekly plan ___6___ schoolwork. For example, a student may have to find more time to study.

（2021·四川资阳·中考真题）从方框中选择单词, 并用其正确形式填空,每词限用一次。

For many Chinese people, Golden Fishing Hook（钩）is one of the most real and moving __7__ of the Long March（长征）. As __8__ true story in the history of the CPC, it has been taught to a great number of students in the country’s schools. In the story, a group leader was asked to look after three __9__ younger soldiers who were left behind the main walking troops（部队）. Because there was little food, the group leader __10__ a fishing hook with a needle（针）and caught fishes to make soup. To help __11__ get better, he gave all the fish and soup to the young soldiers and he himself __12__ ate grass and leaves. In the end, the group __13__ died from hunger during his __14__ to fishing. The fishing hook was carefully __15__ by the young soldiers and sent to a memorial（纪念馆）__16__ the revolution（革命）succeeded.

（2021·山东济宁·中考真题）

The Chinese say, “If you’re bitten by a snake once, you’ll be scared by a rope for ten years.” I have my own ___17___ of this. It all happened one night. I was cooking dinner, and at that moment, I really needed to go to the bathroom. ___18___ turning the gas(瓦斯煤气) off, I quickly went to the bathroom. When I finished, I couldn’t open the door.” I can’t ___19___! “I shouted. I became worried that I was going to die in a fire. “No!” I kicked the door hard but it didn’t move an inch, I turned around and saw hope. I hurried over to the window and pushed it really hard. ___20___ luck was not on my side. I just couldn’t open it. I would have to break it. I started hitting it with the ___21___ thing-I could find a waste bin.

With a loud “BANG”, the window broke. “I’m ___22___ !” I took in the fresh air happily. However, the cold wind woke me from my joy. I was on the tenth floor and there was no way to ___23___! I kept shouting for help. Luckily, someone herd me and called 119 Since then, I’ve never closed the door when I use my bathroom.

（2021·山东淄博·中考真题）根据短文内容, 选择适当的单词填空, 使短文意思完整。每个选项只用一次, 有两项剩余。

Paper cutting is a special folk art in China, with a ____24____ of nearly 1,000 years. The materials used are ____25____: ordinary paper and a pair of scissors (or a cutting knife). A skilled paper cutting craftsperson(手艺人) cuts paper into designs like doing magic tricks. A piece of red paper is folded and then ____26____ several times, before being unfolded into a beautiful picture. Some craftspeople do not ____27____ set their eyes on what they are doing and then cut it into a wonderful pattern. Paper cutting is a type of art with powerful expression: a paper cutting artist does not need a model picture to copy from, ____28____ depends on a pair of scissors to produce a work of art, each time ____29____ small differences. Paper cuttings are very popular in the countryside.In the city of Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, people ____30____ used paper instead of glass as window-covering. Clever and skillful young women cut pieces of red paper into lovely babies or beautiful butterflies, and put them on the windows to ____31____ liveliness to ordinary windows.

In ancient China, people enjoyed the tradition of making and hanging lanterns for ____32____. People sometimes drew pictures on the lanterns but more often would prefer to paste(粘贴) paper cuttings of different patterns, which became brighter and ____33____ interesting by the lantern light.

（2021·辽宁沈阳·中考真题）阅读短文，然后根据其内容从方框中选出可以填入空白处的短语。

When I was a child. I lived on a fruit farm. We had lots of pear trees and some apple trees. We had to help my father _____34_____.

In late summer, the fruit was ready to be picked. At that lime of year, we _____35_____ at 4:30 in the morning, started picking at 5:00 and carried on working until late afternoon. My mother brought lunch for us. At the end of the day, we were all tired and sleepy.

My father got some workers to help pick the fruit. The more fruit they picked, _____36_____ they were paid. Lots of them loved eating free fruit. However, in the beginning, they would eat so much fruit that they would not want to eat _____37_____ for a long time .

At night, the trucks took the fruit to the markets to be sold. Sometimes we rode _____38_____ to the city. For farm boys, that was a very exciting time.