2020-2021学年天津市四校高二上学期期末联考英语试题（解析版）

这是一份2020-2021学年天津市四校高二上学期期末联考英语试题（解析版），共24页。试卷主要包含了 听下面对话， B等内容，欢迎下载使用。

第一学期期末四校联考(高二)(英语)
1. 听下面对话。对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A，B，C三个选项中选出最佳选项
What happened to Lily?
A. She broke her legs last week.
B. She broke her arms last week.
C. She lost her alarm clock last week.
2. 听下面对话。对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A，B，C三个选项中选出最佳选项
How does the man arrive there?
A. By bicycle. B. By bus. C. On foot.
3. 听下面对话。对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A，B，C三个选项中选出最佳选项
What does the woman mean?
A. Mary is healthier than she seems. B. Mary is in good mood.
C. Mary is in poor health like her.
4. 听下面对话。对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A，B，C三个选项中选出最佳选项
When will the woman travel to Tokyo with her parents?
A. Next summer. B. Next month. C. Next week.
5. 听下面对话。对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A，B，C三个选项中选出最佳选项
What are the speakers talking about?
A. Their neighbor’s dog. B. Their neighbor’s garden.
C. Their neighbor’s yard.
听下面一段对话，回答小题。
6. What’s wrong with the man’s camera?
A. Its battery runs out very quickly.
B. Its button doesn’t work properly.
C. Its screen always goes black.
7. What’s the type of the man’s camera?
A. LXUS210. B. LXUS220. C. LXUS310.
8. Where is the repair center?
A. On the 17thfloor, No.1553 Palace Street.
B. On the 7th floor, No.1553 Palace Street
C. On the 7th floor, No.1535 Palace Street
听下面一段对话，回答小题。
9. What course should the man take in order to graduate this year?
A. A science course. B. A medical course. C. An art course.
10. What was the man poor at in high school?
A. Physics. B. Chemistry. C. Math.
11. Which course will the man probably choose at last?
A. Biology. B. Geology. C. Astronomy.
听下面一段独白，回答小题。
12. What makes it possible for Nancy to fly anywhere in the world?
A. Her high annual salaries.
B. Support of her flight company.
C. Flexible schedule and cheap tickets.
13. What do AAI volunteers do besides delivering donations?
A. Help needy children with their studies.
B. Plant garden, dig wells, and build clinics.
C. Dance and sing songs with needy children.
14. What made Nancy have a strong desire to give and then create AAI?
A. The loss of her father.
B. Local people’s suffering from poverty.
C. Her travelings to modern cities.
15. What do we know about AAI?
A. Most of its volunteers work in local communities.
B. It has a history of fifty-four years.
C. it has more than 3,000 volunteers now.
1. —Would you mind my using your cellphone?
—______.
A. Yes, go ahead B. Of course not, go ahead
C. Of course, help yourself D. No, you can’t
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——你介意我用一下你的手机吗？——当然不介意，你用吧。A.Yes, go ahead是的,去吧；B.Of course not, go ahead当然不会，你用吧；C.Of course, help yourself当然，请自便；D.No, you can’t不,你不能。根据上句“Would you mind my using your cellphone(你介意我用一下你的手机吗？)”可知对方询问是否介意用一下的手机。故选B。
2. There is really no obvious_________ that Justin was taken by aliens(外星人).
A. defense B. evidence C. effort D. agency
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有明显的证据显示贾斯汀是被外星人带走的。A. defense 辩护；B. evidence 证据；C. effort 努力；D. agency中介商。obvious evidence“明显的证据”符合句意。且evidence后接that引导的同位语从句。故选B。
3. Today the students in the countryside should have easy_____ to computers to keep up with the modern times.
A. way B. chance C. method D. access
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：今天，农村的学生应该可以很容易地接触到电脑，以跟上现代的步伐。A.way方法；B.chance机会；C.method方法；D.access入口，通道；获得的机会。 固定短语have access to有权使用，可以进入……。可知D项正确。
4. This program was set up with the ________ of providing help for homeless people.
A. intelligence B. intention C. interaction D. instrument
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：建立这个项目的目的是为无家可归的人提供帮助。A.intelligence智力，才智；B.intention目的，意图；C.interaction互动；D.instrument乐器。根据“of providing help for homeless people”可知，此处是指建立这个项目的目的。故选B。
5. Interest is as ________ to learning as the ability to understand, even more so.
A. vital B. vast C. visual D. varied
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：兴趣和理解能力一样对学习很重要，甚至更重要。A.vital 重要；B.vast巨大的，广大的；C.visual 视觉的，视力的；D.varied 各种各样的，形形色色的；多变的；杂色的。根据句意和选项可知，此句考查固定短语be vital to 表示“对……极端重要”。故选A项。
6. Don’t eat that cake now; It will spoil your _____ for dinner.
A. ancestor B. analysis C. applicant D. appetite
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在不要吃那个蛋糕；它会影响你吃饭的胃口。A. ancestor祖先；B. analysis分析；C. applicant申请人；D. appetite食欲，胃口。结合“Don’t eat that cake now”可知，此处指“它会影响吃饭的胃口”，故选D。
7. ________that the government can clear up official corruption，we are________ about the future of our country．
A. Convinced；optimistic B. Convincing；optimistic
C. Convinced；pessimistic D. Convincing；pessimistic
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意: 我们相信政府有能力清理官员腐败的问题，我们对我们国家的未来充满信心。convincing令人信服的；convinced 相信的，信服的；convince与主语we之间为动宾关系，故用过去分词转化成的形容词做状语；optimistic乐观的；pessimistic悲观的。故选A。
8. My sister was against my suggestion while my brother was _____it.
A. in honour of B. in memory of C. in search of D. in favour of
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：我姐姐反对我的建议，而我哥哥赞成我的建议。A. in honour of 为了纪念；B. in memory of为了纪念； C. in search of 寻找； D. in favour of支持。根据My sister was against my suggestion while可知，我哥哥赞成我的建议。故选D项。
9. —I have been considering cancelling (取消) the project because it seems hard to go farther.
—But it’s too early to ______ now. There’s still much hope.
A. pave the way B. throw in the towel C. pop up D. max out
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查习语辨析。句意：——我一直在考虑取消这个项目，因为似乎很难再做下去了。——但是现在认输还为时过早。还有很大的希望。A. pave the way为……作准备；为……铺平道路；B. throw in the towel认输；C. pop up突然出现；D. max out得最高分；累惨了；绿灯时间完全使用之现象。根据“There's still much hope”可知这里意思是“但是现在认输还为时过早” 故选B。
10. I shall never forget those days ________ I lived in the army with the soldiers, ________has a great effect on my life.
A. that; which B. when; which
C. when; that D. which; that
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我永远不会忘记和士兵们一起在部队生活的那些日子，这些日子对我的生活影响很大。本句中有两处定语从句，第一处为“ ________ I lived in the army with the soldiers”，先行词为days，且关系词在定语从句中充当时间状语，应填关系副词when；第二处为“________has a great effect on my life”，是非限制性定语从句，其修饰限定的是前面的一整个句子，且关系词在从句中充当主语，应填关系代词which。故选B项。
11. ________ with such a troubling woman, he didn’t know what to do, ________ there with his mouth wide ________.
A. Facing, standing, opening B. Faced, stood, opened
C. Faced, standing,open D. Facing, stood, open
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词和with的复合结构。句意：面对这样一个麻烦的女人，他站在那里张大了嘴，不知道该怎么办。第一空：be faced with表示“面对”，此处去掉be作状语；第二空：he与stand之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，用现在分词作状语；第三空：此处为“with+宾语+宾补”的复合结构，用形容词open作宾语补足语，故C项正确。
12. This time next month the snow ______, so let’s go skiing this weekend.
A. melts B. is melted C. will be melting D. has been melted
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：下个月这个时候雪就要融化了，我们这个周末去滑雪吧。A.melts融化；B.is melted被融化；C.will be melting将要融化；D.has been melted已经融化。设空处在句中作谓语，根据时间状语this time next month，可知句子的时态为将来进行时。故选C。
13. My sister graduated from university in 2017 and ______ in a bank ever since.
A. worked B. has been worked
C. has been working D. had worked
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：我姐姐2017年大学毕业后一直在一家银行工作。根据时间状语ever since可知，空处谓语动词需用现在完成进行时态：has/have been doing，表示过去发生的动词一直持续到现在将有可能继续下去，主语是第三人称单数sister，所以此处助动词需用has。故选C。
14. Why don’t you bring _____ to his attention that you are too busy to do it?
A. this B. what C. that D. it
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查it作形式宾语。句意：你为什么不让他知道你是因为太忙而无法做那件事呢？bring后缺宾语，由于宾语太长，为避免头重脚轻，这里用it作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语“that you are too busy to do it?”放在句子后面，故选D。
15. You should remember ________ difficulties we may come across we will overcome them.
A. however B. wherever C. whenever D. whatever
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：你应当记住无论我们遇到什么困难，我们都会克服。A. however无论如何；B. wherever无论哪里；C. whenever无论什么时候；D. whatever无论什么。Whatever引导让步状语从句，常接名词或名词词组。结合语境，故选D。
完型填空
In 2016, I was part of a group sponsoring a family of refugees（难民）.Marwa Ataya and Salem Ajaj had ___16___ their country with three kids. They ___17___ in our hometown of Victoria. That year, we drove them to doctor's appointments and ___18___ them find housing furnish their home and enroll（登记）their ___19___ in school. They opened a___20___ store.
Over time, we ___21___a friendship, celebrating our kids' birthdays together and chatting whenever we ___22___ at their store.
In March 2020, my family traveled to Mexico. When we left Canada, North Americans weren't worried about COVID-19. But the situation changed ___23___.We were still ___24___when the Canadian Government's recommendation against travel was released. Upon ____25____, we decided to self-isolate（(自我隔离），just to be safe. That ____26____ not leaving the house for 14 days—not even to go to groceries.
Partway through our self-isolation I ____27____ a text from Marwa saying she was outside our house. I opened the door to seven big bags of groceries. Marwa was standing a ____28____ distance away. She'd brought my family necessaries. I was so ____29____knew she and her husband were busy at home. That they took the time to care for us was incredibly ____30____. I would have liked to give her a ____31____, but I couldn't.
Later, I ____32____ she'd also dropped off groceries for my parents. Given that they're in their 80s, this was a huge ____33____. I insisted on paying Marwa. She just refused.
I hope that people will remember how much refugees do for the ____34____. Canada is a kind and rich country because of the ____35____ of newcomers. I hope Canadians will step up and help them get to safety.
16. A. fled B. ruined C. betrayed D. reached
17. A. kept B. arranged C. settled D. wandered
18. A. helped B. directed C. let D. watched
19. A. parents B. employees C. friends D. children
20. A. food B. grocery C. fruit D. vegetable
21. A. developed B. formed C. hit D. found
22. A. ate B. played C. . shopped D. worked
23. A. recently B. slowly C. quickly D. finally
24. A. relaxed B. abroad C. nervous D. aboard
25 A. leaving B. hearing C. landing D. returning
26. A. meant B. announced C. showed D. required
27. A. heard B. got C. remembered D. met
28. A. special B. remote C. short D. safe
29. A. moved B. welcome C. interested D. surprised
30. A. smart B. active C. ambitious D. kind
31. A. praise B. comfort C. hug D. smile
32. A. asked B. argued C. hoped D. learned
33. A. secret B. relief C. trade D. challenge
34. A. people B. world C. country D. planet
35. A. preparations B. contributions C. congratulations D. expectations
【答案】16. A 17. C 18. A 19. D 20. B 21. A 22. C 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. D 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【分析】本文为一篇记叙文。作者帮助过的新搬来的一家难民,在疫情期间给与了作者一家人极大的回报，作者呼吁加拿大人多给新来的难民一些关爱和帮助。他们也为这个国家做出了巨大的贡献。
【16题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Marwa Ataya 和 Salem Ajaj带着三个孩子逃离了他们的国家。A. fled 逃避，逃跑；B. ruined毁坏，破坏； C. betrayed背叛，出卖； D. reached到达。由上文refugees (难民)，可知Marwa Ataya 一家是逃离了自己的国家。选项A符合题意。故选A。
【17题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们在我们的家乡维多利亚定居。A. kept 保持；B. arranged安排； C. settled 定居；D. wandered漫游。Marwa Ataya 一家逃离自己的国家，在作者家乡定居下来才有下文的故事发生。选项C符合题意。故选C。
【18题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那一年，我们开车带他们去看医生，帮他们找房子布置家具，让他们的孩子上学。A. helped帮助； B. directed指导； C. let 让； D. watched观察。根据refugees以及That year, we drove them to doctor's appointments作者帮助Marwa Ataya 一家安顿下来。选项A符合题意。故选A。
【19题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. parents父母； B. employees员工，雇员； C. friends朋友； D. children孩子。由上文...with three kids. 可知作者是帮助Marwa Ataya 的孩子们找到学校上学。选项D符合题意。故选D。
【20题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们开了一家杂货店。A. food食物； B. grocery食品杂货店； C. fruit 水果； D. vegetable蔬菜。 由下文I opened the door to seven big bags of groceries.可知Marwa Ataya开的是一家grocery store。选项B符合题意。故选B。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，我们建立了友谊，一起庆祝我们孩子的生日，每次去他们店里买东西都聊天。A. developed发展,建立；B. formed形成 C. hit打；D. found找到。根据本句后半句celebrating our kids' birthdays together and chatting，可知，我们的关系比较亲密。develop a friendship 发展友谊。选项A符合题意。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. ate 吃； B. played 玩；C. shopped 购物；D. worked工作。根据上文得知，Marwa Ataya 开的是一家杂货店，所以作者去当然是购物。选项C符合题意。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是情况变化很快。A. recently最近；B. slowly慢慢地； C. quickly快地，迅速地；D. finally最终。由下句We were still 9 when the Canadian Government’s recommendation against travel was released. 可知疫情发展迅猛。选项C符合题意。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当加拿大政府反对旅行的建议公布时，我们还在国外。A. relaxed放松的； B. abroad在国外； C. nervous紧张的； D. aboard在（火车、船、飞机等）上。由上文的In March 2020, my family traveled to Mexico.可知作者一家是到国外去旅游了。选项B符合题意。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：回家后，我们决定自我隔离。A. leaving 离开； B. hearing听到； C. landing着陆； D. returning返回。根据上句知道，作者一家在国外，所以此处是指一回家就按要求进行自我隔离。选项D符合题意。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这意味着14天内不能出门，甚至不能去杂货店。A. meant意味着； B. announced宣布； C. showed 表现；D. required需要。根据上句，我们回家后进行自我隔离，隔离就意味着不能出门。 选项A符合题意。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我们自我隔离的过程中，我收到了 Marwa 的短信，说她在我们家外面。A. heard听到； B. got 得到，收到； C. remembered记得； D. met遇见。根据本句后半句I ___12___ a text from Marwa saying she was outside our house.，可以知道是在作者进行自我隔离期间收到Marwa Ataya 的信息。选项B符合题意。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Marwa 站在安全距离外。A. special 特别的； B. remote遥远的； C. short 短的； D. safe安全的。根据常识，我们知道疫情期间要保持安全的社交距离。选项D符合题意。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很感动，知道她和她丈夫在家是很忙的。A. moved 感动的； B. welcome欢迎的； C. interested 感兴趣的； D. surprised惊讶的。根据前一句She'd brought my family necessaries.她带来了我们家庭的必需品。结合上文知道作者在疫情期间自我隔离，不能出门，这时Marwa Ataya 主动送来生活必需品，所以作者很感动。选项A符合题意。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查形容词义辨析。句意：他们花时间照顾我们，真是太好了。A. smart 聪明的；B. active主动的，积极的； C. ambitious 有抱负的；D. kind友善的，好心的。由上文I knew she and her husband were busy at home.可知Marwa Ataya 自己很忙的情况下来帮助作者，说明她是很友善的，好心的。选项D符合题意。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很想给她一个拥抱，但我不能。A. praise赞扬； B. comfort安慰，慰藉； C. hug拥抱； D. smile笑容。根据上文知道，作者很感动Marwa Ataya 主动送来生活必需品，结合语境，作者出于感激想要给Marwa Ataya 一个拥抱。选项C符合题意。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，我才知道她还给我父母送过杂货。A. asked 问；B. argued 争论；C. hoped希望； D. learned了解。根据上文Marwa Ataya 给自己送生活必需品的善意行文，结合本句语境应该是作者了解到她给自己的父母也送了必需品。选项D符合题意。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：考虑到他们已经80多岁了，这是一个巨大的欣慰。A. secret 秘密； B. relief 宽慰，轻松；C. trade 贸易； D. challenge挑战。可知作者在自我隔离期间，80 多岁的父母有人照顾，自己也感觉如释重负。选项B符合题意。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我希望人们能记住难民为这个国家做了多少。A. people 人们； B. world世界； C. country国家； D. planet星球。由下文Canada is a kind and rich country because of the contributions of newcomers. I hope Canadians...可知作者这里指代的是加拿大这个国家。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：加拿大因为新来者们的贡献而成为一个友善，富裕的国家。A. preparations 准备； B. contributions 贡献； C. congratulations 庆祝；D. expectations期望。结合文章理解可知，作为难民Marwa Ataya 一家逃离了自己的国家定居到加拿大，在我的家庭隔离期间给予我们的善意的帮助，可以知道，这点帮助对我们家庭来讲，仅仅是一点善意，但从国家角度的抗疫角度来讲，就是对这个国家很大的贡献。选项B符合题意。故选B。
A
Bright Side did some research on many places throughout the world where you can buy a house for 1 dollar or for free!
Roubaix, France
If you like France, Roubaix located in the north of France is just for you. The local authorities want it to be populated and attractive. You can buy a small house in the industrial district for just $1. The buyer is supposed to live in this house for 3 years.
Buffalo, USA
Buffalo offers whoever qualifies to buy a house for $1. All you need is to be a lawful citizen of the city and invest amount of money into its decoration. Doing this the authorities are hoping to make the city beautiful again without spending money.
Liverpool, Great Britain
In Liverpool, most of houses were abandoned by the working class during the years of unemployment. The government is trying to sell the houses for just $1. If you want to buy such a house, it has to be your first deal on buying property (不动产).
Candela, Italy
If you still have any doubts about spending $1 on a house, you should know: the government will pay you some money, if you move to Candela. In order to be paid, you need to become a permanent citizen and have an income of $7500 per year. If moving alone, you will get $700, and if you are going with your family, the pay can be four times as much as only one person.
For more information of other cities, please Click Here.
36. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. It is impossible to buy a house for $1.
B. The houses in some parts of the world are sold for $1 just for the same reason.
C. The authorities of Roubaix want more people to live there.
D. In Liverpool unemployed people have a lot of houses.
37. Why do the authorities of Buffalo provide a house for people with $1?
A. To improve the lives of poor people. B. To solve the problems of employment.
C. To make the city attractive at no cost. D. To attract people to the big cities.
38. What is required to buy a house for 1 dollar in Liverpool?
A. You must be making the first house purchase.
B. You should live in the house for 3 years.
C. You need to be an unemployed citizen.
D. You have to repair and decorate the house.
39. How much money can you get if moving to Candela with a whole family?
A. $1 B. $2800 C. $700 D. $7500
40. Where is this passage most likely to come from?
A. a novel. B. a magazine. C. a letter. D. the Internet.
【答案】36. C 37. C 38. A 39. B 40. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。Bright Side在全世界很多地方做了一些研究，向读者介绍了在哪些地方可以用1美元买房子或免费获得房子。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。由Roubaix, France 中的“The local authorities want it to be populated and attractive.”可知，该地方政府希望Roubaix能有很多人居住且具有吸引力。即Roubaix当地政府希望有更多人居住在那里。故选C项。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。由Buffalo, USA 中的“Buffalo offers whoever qualifies to buy a house for $1. All you need is to be a lawful citizen of the city and invest amount of money into its decoration. Doing this, the authorities are hoping to make the city beautiful again without spending money”可知，Buffalo提供给任何有资格的人以1美元的价格购买房屋。你所需要做的就是成为城市的合法公民，并在装修上投入大量资金。这样做，当局希望不用花钱就能使这座城市再次变得美丽。即Buffalo当地政府提供1美元购房子的目的是不花一分钱就让这座城市变得有吸引力。故选C项。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。由Liverpool, Great Britain中的“ If you want to buy such a house, it has to be your first deal on buying property (不动产)”可知，如果你想买这样的房子，你必须是第一次购买不动产。即在Liverpool 以1美元买一套房子，需要你必须是第一次买房。故选A项。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。由Candela, Italy 中的“If moving alone, you will get $700, and if you are going with your family, the pay can be four times as much as only one person. ”可知，如果你独自一人搬到这里，你将获得700美元。如果你和全家人一起去，得到的钱数是一个人去的四倍。即如果你和全家人搬到Candela，经过计算，你能得到的是2800美元。故选B项。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。由最后一句话“For more information of other cities, please Click Here.”可知，有关其它城市的详细信息，请单击此处。所以通过关键词“click”可以判断出，这篇文章来自于互联网。故选D项。
B
Imagine your body is like the house you live in. Every day, your family creates rubbish. The rubbish builds up until it is put out for the weekly garbage collection.
Now, say you put three bags of garbage out, but because one of the collectors was away sick, only two bags are collected. You take the leftover bag inside to be put out again next week. The following week you put out another three bags, plus the leftover bag from last week. But again, only two bags are collected. Imagine this cycle is repeated over the following weeks.
This is a simple description of what happens to your body when your kidneys (肾) don’t work efficiently. Your body is not thoroughly emptied of waste products. Other areas of the body such as blood pressure and red blood cell production are affected and the insidious process that may lead to kidney failure begins.
It’s not uncommon for people to lose up to 90 percent of their kidney function before developing any symptoms. There may be no warning signs. This makes early detection(诊察) difficult.
Kidney’s main job is to remove toxins (毒素) and unwanted water from our blood. Every day our kidneys clean an average of 200 litres of blood. Kidney failure may be a gradual and silent process, going unnoticed because there is no apparent pain.
Research shows that more than 25 percent of patients found to require dialysis (透析) do not see a kidney specialist until less than 90 days before dialysis starts. Some risk factors for kidney disease such as age and genetic make-up are out of our control; however, some changes in lifestyle may help prevent kidney damage. Two major risk factors for kidney disease, diabetes and high blood pressure, have been on the rise over the last few decades. Both conditions are chiefly affected by being overweight and not getting enough exercise, which are the potential factors for the disease.
41. The author gives the example of the house we live in to indicate that ________.
A. it’s safe and harmless for our body to keep some waste
B. it doesn’t matter much if the waste in our body is not emptied in time
C. it’s important for our body to empty the waste in time every day
D. our body will not produce any waste if our kidneys work efficiently
42 The underlined word “insidious” (in Paragraph 3) means ________.
A. gradual and unnoticed B. apparent and fast
C. smooth and safe D. painful and long
43. We can infer that when we find some symptoms related to our kidneys, ________.
A. the kidney failure begins
B. the kidneys may have been seriously damaged
C. we have lost about 10 percent of kidney function
D. the kidneys can still work properly
44. How many factors of kidney disease are mentioned in the passage?
A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Six.
45. Which of the following helps prevent kidney damage?
A. Go to see a kidney specialist shortly before dialysis starts.
B. Go to see a kidney specialist whenever you find any warning sign.
C. Try to keep low blood pressure and a stable lifestyle.
D. Take enough exercise and make early detection of kidney disease.
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. B 44. D 45. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。我们的肾脏就像我们的家一样，需要及时排除垃圾。文章主要讲述了肾脏出现问题的原因，以及巨大危害，分析了肾脏问题出现的重要因素，并指出如何预防肾病。
【41题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章一二段的内容，以及第三段的This is a simple description of what happens to your body when your kidneys (肾) don’t work efficiently.可推断，作者列举家庭处理垃圾情况的主要目的是让我们明白身体和家一样需要及时处理垃圾，不然对身体有害。C. it’s important for our body to empty the waste in time every day（对于我们的身体来说每天及时排空垃圾很重要）符合以上说法，故选C项。
【42题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第三段的Other areas of the body such as blood pressure and red blood cell production are affected and the insidious process that may lead to kidney failure begins.和第四段的There may be no warning signs.可知，肾功能的变化是由身体其它变化引起的，是一个渐变的过程，而且这个变化没有任何警示，故推测划线词的意思是“逐渐的/慢慢的，无法察觉的”。A. gradual and unnoticed（逐渐的，看不见的）符合以上推测，故选A项。
【43题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段的It’s not uncommon for people to lose up to 90 percent of their kidney function before developing any symptoms. There may be no warning signs.可知，90%的症状在被确诊之前是看不出来的，而且没有任何的预警，故推测当人们发现肾病症状时，肾可能已经严重受损。B. the kidneys may have been seriously damaged（肾脏可能已经严重受损）符合以上推测，故选B项。
【44题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段内容age and genetic make-up, diabetes and high blood pressure, overweight and not getting enough exercise,（衰老，基因组成，糖尿病，高血压，超重和不运动）可知，这六项都是导致肾病的原因。故选D项。
【45题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段的There may be no warning signs. This makes early detection(诊察) difficult. 和第六段的Both conditions are chiefly affected by being overweight and not getting enough exercise, which are the potential factors for the disease.可推测，早期诊察，做足够的锻炼可以预防肾损伤。D. Take enough exercise and make early detection of kidney disease.（做足够的锻炼和肾脏的早期诊察可以预防肾损伤）符合以上说法，故选D项。
C
I tend to go slowly when I drive in the mountains of my home, because the forest scenery is beautiful no matter what the season. This morning I was driving slower than usual because an early March snow had turned the roads slippery. Going up a mountain road, I had to slow down as I rounded a sharp, snowy curve (弯道). That was when I saw a majestic buck deer (公鹿) standing in the middle of the road. I came to a full stop and for a few seconds we just stared at each other. His eyes seemed wise and his composure (镇静) refined. Finally, he nodded his head at me. I nodded in return and motioned with my hand for him to go on. He then leapt across the road, up the hill, and back into the woods. I drove on smiling at the magic of this moment and thanked that I had been going slowly enough not to hit this beautiful creature.
Most of us rush through this life not knowing what we are missing. We rarely get to enjoy what each day brings us. Wouldn’t it be better to go slowly through our days here? Life is meant to be savored. Moments are meant to be cherished. Days are meant to be lived in love and joy not flown through at a frantic (疯狂的) speed.
The next time you find yourself going too fast, slow down. Take the time to watch the sun rise over the horizon and fill the world with light. Take the time to look your children in their eyes, hug them, and tell them that you love them. Take the time to smile, laugh, and sing. Take the time to read, lounge (闲逛), and relax. Take the time to live your life with love and delight in all the miracles each day brings you. If you do, your life will be so much better and more beautiful. And you might even end up not hitting a deer on your way home.
46. How did the author feel after his interaction with the deer?
A. Disappointed. B. Optimistic. C. Grateful. D. Funny.
47. The purpose of the first paragraph is to ______.
A. show us what we might miss if we go too fast
B. give an example of a narrow escape
C. tell how much the author loves nature
D. describe a wise and calm buck
48. The word “savored” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to “______”.
A. endured all the time B. enjoyed to the fullest
C. discovered step by step D. challenged in every way
49. Why did the author drive slowly on that morning?
A. Because he wanted to enjoy the forest scenery.
B. Because he saw a majestic buck deer
C. Because snow made the road difficult for cars to drive on.
D. Because he took the time to watch the sunrise over the horizon
50. What does the author want to tell us with this article?
A. The most important thing in life is to be happy.
B. Living in harmony with nature is a must.
C. Modern life is not as good as life in earlier times.
D. Life is supposed to be appreciated.
【答案】46. C 47. A 48. B 49. C 50. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。本文主要讲述了作者因为一次在林间与一头鹿的相遇互动，而感悟到人们应该充分享受每一天，应该生活在爱和欢乐中，而不是以疯狂的速度度过人生。建议人们慢慢来，更充分地欣赏生活。
【46题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段的最后一句“I drove on smiling at the magic of this moment and thanked that I had been going slowly enough not to hit this beautiful creature. (我继续开着车，为这神奇的时刻微笑着，感谢自己开得足够慢，没有撞到这个美丽的生物)”可知，作者感谢自己开得够慢，没有撞到公鹿。故选C。
【47题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二的段“Most of us rush through this life not knowing what we are missing. We rarely get to enjoy what each day brings us. Wouldn’t it be better to go slowly through our days here?(我们大多数人匆匆忙忙地过着这一生，却不知道自己错过了什么。我们很少能享受每一天带给我们的东西。在这里慢慢度过我们的日子不是更好吗？)”推知，作者在第一段讲述自己因开车很慢和一头鹿偶遇的故事是为了说明，如果我们匆匆忙忙可能会错过一些美好的东西。故选A。
【48题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词前句“We rarely get to enjoy what each day brings us(我们很少能享受每一天带给我们的)”和后文“Days are meant to be lived in love and joy not flown through at a crazy speed(日子应该生活在爱和欢乐中，而不是在疯狂的速度中飞逝)”可知，作者认为日子应该生活在爱和欢乐中度过，生活是用来享受的，而不是飞快度过的。故画线词意思为及 “尽情享受”。故选B。
【49题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段第二句“This morning I was driving slower than usual because an early March snow had turned the roads slippery(今天早上我开车比平时慢，因为三月初一场雪把路面弄得很滑)”可知，作者开车很慢是因为雪让路变得很滑。故选C。
【50题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段倒数第三句“Take the time to live your life with love and delight in all the miracles each day brings you(花点时间带着爱去生活，享受每一天带给你的奇迹)”可知，作者想告诉读者要花时间带着爱和喜悦生活，享受每天为你带来的奇迹，慢慢来，更充分地欣赏生活。故选D。
D
If you had to pick one, who do you think is greater in terms of their contributions to the Western world: British physicist Isaac Newton or Greek philosopher Aristotle?
Chances are that you’d find it hard to make a decision, at least right away.
But somehow, when choosing a major in college, the line between the two areas of study couldn’t be clearer. Science majors － the likes of technology, engineering, math － are considered to be more practical choices because of the wealth of opportunities, while those who choose a liberal arts (文科) major － language, music, philosophy － may have more difficulty finding a job.
But perhaps we should look at liberal arts studies in another way to understand its value. In the BBC’s documentary Civilizations, for example, presenters (主持人) take us to 31 countries on six continents to appreciate human creativity in its tangible(有形的) form, such as Angkor Wat (吴哥窟) in Cambodia, and the Suleymaniye mosque (苏莱曼清真寺) in Turkey.
To Simon Schama, one of the presenters, human civilization isn’t just about technological inventions or meeting basic needs, but about creating things for the purpose of leaving a person’s “mark of their existence for future humans to witness and admire”.
By comparing science and liberal arts, we’re drawing “an artificial (人为的) line” between the two, wrote Loretta Jackson-Hayes, an associate professor of chemistry at Rhodes College in Memphis, US, on the Washington Post website. And to some of the greatest innovators (革新者) in history, this line never existed in the first place.
Leonardo da Vinci, for example, was just as successful a scientist as he was a painter. He was so interested in biology and anatomy (解剖学) that he drew the famous Vitruvian Man, part of his study of the proportions (比例) of the human body. Then there’s Steve Jobs, who, despite being an engineer, was also an artist. He summarized his view on the relationship between science and the arts in 2011: “It’s in Apple’s DNA that technology alone is not enough － it’s technology married with liberal arts, married with the humanities, that yields (提供) us the result that makes our heart sing.”
51. What advantage are science majors believed to have over liberal arts majors?
A. More opportunities for practice.
B. Better job prospects.
C. More choices to satisfy students’ interests.
D. Greater chance for making contributions to society.
52. Where does the value of liberal arts studies lie according to Simon Schama?
A. Finding creativity in what ancestors have created.
B. Creating a tangible heritage for future generations.
C. Getting inspiration for technological inventions.
D. Drawing people’s attention to human history.
53. Which of the following would Loretta Jackson-Hayes probably agree with?
A. Science and liberal arts are divided in a logical way.
B. Science and liberal arts are not totally unrelated to each other.
C. It makes sense to separate science from liberal arts.
D. There is no real difference between science and liberal arts.
54. Which point does the last paragraph support?
A. Great innovators must know both science and liberal arts.
B. Science plays an important role in advancing liberal arts.
C. Liberal arts studies are essential to inventing new things.
D. People can achieve great things through both science and liberal arts.
55. Which of the following can be the best title of this passage?
A. Contributions to the Western world
B. The greatest innovators (革新者) in history
C. Liberal arts’ hidden value
D. Technological inventions
【答案】51. B 52. A 53. B 54. D 55. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了很多人认为文科没有用，才会在选择大学专业时忽略了文科，而选择了理科。正是这种现象越来越多，越来越多的人认为文科没有用，作者想表达文科和理科同样重要。
【51题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段第二句话“Science majors-the likes of technology, engineering, math- are considered to be more practical choices because of the wealth of opportunities, while those who choose a liberal arts(文科）major-language, music, philosophy- may have more difficulty finding a job.(科学专业——比如技术、工程、数学——被认为是更实际的选择，因为他们有丰富的机会，而那些选择文科专业的人——语言、音乐、哲学——可能更难找到工作)”可知，理科专业被认为是更实际的选择，而那些文科专业可能更难找到工作。所以人们认为理科生比文科生在找工作方面有优势。故选B。
【52题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第三段“...but about creating things for the purpose of leaving a person's 'mark of their existence for future humans to witness and admire(而关于创造事物的目的是为了留下一个人存在的印记，让未来的人类见证和钦佩)”可知，Simon Schama认为文科研究的价值主要是为了给未来的人类留下“自己存在的印记”而创造的东西，所以对于现在的人类研究人文，是为了在祖先留下的东西中寻找更多的可能。故选A。
【53题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“By comparing science and liberal arts, we're drawing an artificial(人为的） line between the two...to some of the greatest innovators(革新者）in history, this line never existed in the first place.(通过比较科学和文科，我们在两者之间划出了一条“人为的界线”，对于历史上一些最伟大的创新者来说，这条线根本就不存在)”可知，Loretta Jackson-Hayes认为人类在两者之间人为地画了一条界线，但其实这条线从未存在过，所以他认为理科和文科并没有清晰的划分，并不是毫无关系的。故选B。
【54题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Leonardo da Vinci, for example, was just as successful a scientist as he was a painter. He was so interested in biology and anatomy (解剖学) that he drew the famous Vitruvian Man, part of his study of the proportions (比例) of the human body. Then there’s Steve Jobs, who, despite being an engineer, was also an artist. He summarized his view on the relationship between science and the arts in 201 (例如，列奥纳多·达·芬奇既是一位成功的科学家，也是一位成功的画家。他对生物学和解剖学非常感兴趣，所以他画了著名的维特鲁威人，这是他研究人体比例的一部分。还有史蒂夫·乔布斯，尽管他是一名工程师，但他也是一名艺术家。他在201年总结了他对科学与艺术之间关系的看法)”的名人事例可知，不管是达芬奇还是乔布斯，都不是只学习了理科或者文科，无论学习了什么样的学科知识，他们都达成了非凡的成就，所以并不是学了理科才会成功，也不是学了文科才会成功，而是不管学习什么学科，都可以凭借自己的努力取得成功。故选D。
【55题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“It’s in Apple’s DNA that technology alone is not enough － it’s technology married with liberal arts, married with the humanities, that yields (提供) us the result that makes our heart sing.( 在Apple’s DNA中，只有技术是不够的——只有技术与文科结合，与人文结合，才能产生让我们的心歌唱的结果)”可知，作者想表达文科与理科一样重要，劝大家不要忽视掉文科背后的巨大价值。故选C。
71. 阅读表达
In a nice cottage with a large garden in a small town of England, He was seen to water or fertilize his flowers all the time. The garden was obviously well-tended and the flowers were so gorgeous that every passer-by would stop fer a look. It was like a baby that was taken good care of.
One day a young painter went by the old man’s garden. He stared at the splendid garden and the special cottage, completely lost in admiration at the beauty of these sights, picturing how happy he would be if he lived in such a beautiful place. Then, suddenly he found the gardener was blind. Shocked, the painter approached him, asking, “Why are you busy looking after these flowers every day but in fact you cannot see them?” The blind man smiled , “I can tell you some reasons. First, I was a gardener when I was young. I saw the flowers every day and I really enjoy the job. Second, although I can’t see these flowers now, I can touch them. Third, I can smell the sweetness of them. As to the last one, that's you.” “Me? But you don’t know me.” responded the painter, puzzled still.
“Yeah, it’s true that I don’t know you. But I know flowers are like angels. I know many people who are enthusiastic about life would stop by and the beauty of my garden will get them into a good mood. Meanwhile, they also give me a chance to have a word with you here and to enjoy the happiness these flowers have brought us.” The old man’s words touched the painter.
He grew flowers and regarded them as a link of minds. Every flower had eyes with which they could see kindness of the old man's heart and the sweetness of his soul. He grew flowers in his heart. Just like Beethoven, who was deaf, but composed a sea of attractive tunes, the blind man created beauty for the world.
56. Which expression in Paragraph I can replace the underlined word “well-tended”?
57. Why did the painter feel shocked?
58. How many reasons did the old man give for growing flowers?
59. What does “they” refer to in Paragraph 3?
60. Which is the similarity between the old man Beethoven?
【答案】56. Taken good care of
57. Because he found the gardener was blind
58. There are four reasons
59. The flowers ./ Flowers
60. They were both disabled, but they created beauty for the world .
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位盲人住在一间有大花园的漂亮小屋里，人们看到他一直在给他的花浇水或施肥，花园被照料得很好。一位画家询问他照料花的原因，老人给出了自己的答案。
【56题详解】
考查词句猜测。根据画线后文“and the flowers were so gorgeous that every passer-by would stop fer a look”以及“It was like a baby that was taken good care of.(它就像一个被悉心照顾的婴儿)”可知，这个花园很明显得到了很好的照顾，所有的花儿都是那么的美丽，以至于每一个过路的人都要停下来看一会儿，它就像一个被悉心照顾的婴儿。故画线词意思是“照顾、照料”，故答案为Taken good care of。
【57题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段中“Then, suddenly he found the gardener was blind. Shocked, the painter approached him(然后，他突然发现园丁是个盲人。画家震惊了，走到他面前)”可知，当这位画家发现这位老人是一位盲人时他感觉很吃惊，故答案为Because he found the gardener was blind。
【58题详解】
考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中“Yeah, it’s true that I don’t know you. But I know flowers are like angels. I know many people who are enthusiastic about life would stop by and the beauty of my garden will get them into a good mood. Meanwhile, They also give me a chance to have a word with you here and to enjoy the happiness these flowers have brought us.(是的，我确实不认识你。但我知道花就像天使。我知道许多对生活充满热情的人会来我家做客，我美丽的花园会让他们有一个好心情。同时，他们也给了我一个机会在这里和你说句话，享受这些花给我们带来的快乐)”可知，从老人说的话中可以看出，这位老人种花有四个原因，故答案为There are four reasons。
【59题详解】
考查词句猜测。根据画线词后文“also give me a chance to have a word with you here and to enjoy the happiness these flowers have brought us”可知，这句话的意思是同时，这些花给了我机会在这里和你说话，并且我们一同享受这些花带给我们的快乐。故they指的是这些花，故答案为The flowers ./ Flowers。
【60题详解】
考查细节理解。根据最后一段中“He grew flowers in his heart. Just like Beethoven, who was deaf, but composed a sea of attractive tunes, the blind man created beauty for the world.(他在心里种了花。就像贝多芬，他是聋子，但创作了迷人的曲调的海洋，盲人为世界创造了美)”可知，贝多芬和这位老人的相似之处在于虽然他们都有些残疾，但是却为这个世界创造了美丽，故答案为They were both disabled, but they created beauty for the world .
61. 假定你是李华。为配合天津市正在实施的垃圾分类工作，你所在的学校将举办有关“Garbage sorting”的英语演讲比赛。请写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：
(1) 垃圾问题的现状；
(2) 垃圾分类的好处（至少2点）；
(3) 呼吁全体同学积极参加垃圾分类。
注意：(1)词数：100左右；(2) 开头和结尾已为你写好，不记入总词数；
参考词汇：垃圾分类rubbish classification 可回收物 recyclable waste
Good afternoon, everyone!
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thanks for your attention!
【答案】Good afternoon, everyone!
It’s a great honor to be here and share something with you. Rubbish is being produced every single day, which has become a big headache in every city. To solve this problem, the garbage classification activity has been launched in our city since last month. The advantages of garbage classification are as follows.
To begin with, garbage classification can reduce the amount of waste. Accordingly, the cost of dealing with waste will be brought down greatly. What’s more, some of the waste is of value. To reuse and recycle this kind of waste is to save resources to a large extent, which also contributes to environmental protection.
Garbage classification is a meaningful and rewarding thing. If everyone can do it, small things can make a big difference. Let’s work together for a better and cleaner city!
Thanks for your attention!
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生为有关“Garbage sorting”的英语演讲比赛写一篇演讲稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
减少：reduce→decrease
数量：amount→quantity
此外：what's more→besides
处理：deal with=handle
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：To solve this problem, the garbage classification activity has been launched in our city since last month. The advantages of garbage classification are as follows.
拓展句：To solve this problem, the garbage classification activity has been launched in our city since last month, the advantages of which are as follows.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Rubbish is being produced every single day, which has become a big headache in every city. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] If everyone can do it, it is small things that can make a big difference. (运用了it强调句句式)
听力：1-15 BCABACABACBACB