2022-2023学年广东省东莞市高二上学期期末英语试卷（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年广东省东莞市高二上学期期末英语试卷（解析版），共21页。

2022-2023学年广东省东莞市高二（上）期末英语试卷
得分

注意事项:
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
A
"Age is just a number" is a saying that some people might disagree with，but for healthy and fit great-grandmother Anne Sheppard，nothing could be more true.
At 100 years old，Anne can kick，crunch and do full push-ups.And she is always exercising with other fitness fans who are almost 70 O years her junior in the gym.South Melbourne-born Anne worked at the local clothing factory while her husband Max was away at work with the army.When the couple retired in 1981，they signed up to their local gym，where Anne is still a member 40 years later. "I feel stronger and fitter than before!"Anne says in an interview from her gym in Melbourne.She has just finished a rigorous training class-one of five group courses she attends throughout the week. "I just love it and I want to keep going as long as I can，" she smiles. "It's part of my life now-my husband has passed away and now I'm on my own.The gym is my second family and I'd be lost without them."
"Anne is a superstar-no matter where she goes，everyone is attracted to her!I know she inspires us to do whatever we set our minds to.We're all jealous because we want to get to 100 years old and be like her，" says Jan，a friend of Anne in the gym.
Exercise has always been an important part of life for Anne.Despite going to the gym three days a week，Anne also keeps active in other ways，and regularly walks to and from the local supermarket.Life has now slowed a little bit for Anne.As for her next personal best，her goal is to keep going to the gym.That's how Anne enjoys her life.
1. What is the purpose of the first paragraph？ ______
A. To summarize the passage.
B. To introduce the main character.
C. To explain the meaning of a saying.
D. To ask for background information.
2. What can we learn about Anne in Paragraph 2？ ______
A. She used to work with her husband in the army.
B. She takes exercise as an important part of her life.
C. She became a member of the local gym 70 years ago.
D. She stopped exercising after her husband passed away.
3. Which of the following can be the best title of the passage？ ______
A. Anne，Enjoying Her Slow Life
B. Anne，an Attractive Gym Coach
C. Anne，a 100-year-old Fitness Lover
D. Anne，Coming to Her Next Personal Best
B
"Regrets，I've had a few.But still，I keep going forward with them，" a pop star sang in his song in 1969.The idea of the song is attractive：what's done is done，so we should treat regrets properly and move on.Some people take a step further.They say they have no regrets at all and that life should be lived without looking back.
It is easier said than done，though.In 2020，Professor Graham launched the World Regret Survey，the largest survey on the topic ever undertaken.With his research team，Graham asked more than 15，000 people in 105 countries， "How often do you look back on your life and wish you had done things differently？" 78 percent of them said that regrets are at least an occasional part of their life；roughly 21 percent said they feel regretful all the time.Only 1 percent said they never feel regretful.
If you belong to the "no regrets" group，you might think that all regrets are the source of unhappiness.Although filling your life with regrets is indeed bad for you， may be even worse.To get rid of your regrets doesn't free you from shame or sorrow.Instead，it leads you to make the same mistakes again and again.
To truly get over our guilt requires that we put regrets in their proper place.Your regrets can teach you to become smarter and more successful-if you let it.First，make a list of your regrets，note how you want to change your behavior，and outline your resolutions going forward.Next，list all the ways that you can invest in your own skills and get started right now.
Life is a journey full of pleasures and pains.To live it well and fully means learning from every bit of it，including the mistakes，and moving forward.
4. What can we learn from the song in the first paragraph？ ______
A. The singer didn't have any regret.
B. The singer found regrets attractive.
C. We should live a life without regrets.
D. We should still move on with regrets.
5. What does the underlined part "going to the other extreme" in Paragraph 3 mean？ ______
A. Having no regrets at all. B. Making the same mistakes.
C. Getting rid of unhappiness. D. Feeling regretful in your life.
6. What is the author's attitude towards regrets？ ______
A. Unconcerned. B. Doubtful. C. Objective. D. Negative.
C
Since the 1920s，the sci-fi（科幻小说）writers have promised us that a self-driving car can go fast and take us to work while we read the news.But this vision has proved to be more challenging to perform in practice than in theory.
The so-called advanced driver assistance system has been equipped in some electric cars.But it is not what would be considered self-driving.The present automatic pilot tool can help you stay in your lane on the highway.However，according to a driving standards organization，it's just graded to be Level 2 on the five-stage system of automation.Level 5 would be a full self-driving experience with hands off the steering wheel（方向盘）.We aren't there yet.
But that's in the United States.Look farther and the future is closer. "If you look at China，the big cities like Shanghai and Shenzhen are testing self-driving cars in passengers transportation，" says George Simpson，director of the Center for Automotive Research in Duisburg，Germany.The self-driving taxis，which are run by Chinese auto and tech giants，are part of a countrywide plan to increase the sales of Level 4 vehicles to about 20 percent by 2030.They allow drivers to switch off mentally while still requiring them to keep their hands on or near the wheel.
What works in China might not work elsewhere，because of differing attitudes towards how data should be used，admits Simpson.Chinese citizens might accept that the journeys of their vehicles are tracked and analyzed to improve traffic flows.But Americans are concerned about their privacy，so they are unwilling to agree with that tracking.
Privacy concerns may delay the promise in the sci-fi that frees you from driving on your way home or to work.Self driving cars must constantly generate data from their sensors and software to make driving decisions，or they would crash.
7. What can we infer about advanced driver assistance system？ ______
A. It allows drivers' hands off the wheel.
B. It is considered to be full self-driving.
C. It has been available in some electric cars.
D. It is graded Level 5 on the automation system.
8. What is the present situation of self-driving in China？ ______
A. It is going through test in some big cities.
B. Passengers transportation relies on self-driving.
C. It is less developed than that in the United States.
D. The sales of self-driving cars have increased to 20%.
9. What does the author want to show by comparing Chinese with Americans？ ______
A. The importance of data. B. Different attitudes on data use.
C. The good attitudes of Americans. D. The privacy concerns of Chinese.
10. In what column of a newspaper may this passage be found？ ______
A. Health. B. Advertisement. C. Education. D. Technology.
If you are a new-comer to the USA，you may find that your name is hard for the local people to pronounce.It often brings inconvenience and even causes some troubles. (1) Here are some practical suggestions for you.
Make your name easier
When you are applying for a job or attending a presentation，write down the phonetic spelling next to your name.This will make your name much easier.From my own experience，my new friends find this method useful.When they see "Ilincha [ee-lean-ka]"，they can follow the guidance correctly. (2)
Act in a right way
If your name is being mispronounced，never remain quiet or question why they can't pronounce it correctly. (3) .Instead，you can behave politely by offering the right pronunciation to your friends.Just politely show them how to say your name right.And then，you can even start interesting conversations about the meaning of your name.
(4)
Remember，you shouldn't change your name to fit in.Take me as an example.People often ask me if I have a nickname，or if they could just change my name into something easier.But I hold to my ground.I would be true to myself and say，"No，I would prefer to be called [ee-lean-ka] as this carries great meaning for mine."
(5) .We should all love and celebrate each of our names.Therefore，be proud of your name and speak up for yourself.

A.Be patient and kind
B.Stay true to yourself
C.And don't blame them for the mistake，either
D.You may wonder how to handle such problems
E.As a result，they can pronounce my name easily
F.What's more，we should also learn about local culture
G.Hopefully，the suggestions above will bring you confidence
11.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
12.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
13.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
14.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
15.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
It was this summer that everything broke.So far I'd had a dead radio，a（n）(16)TV and a shaking table.The latest problem was that my mobile phone didn't work.It was a 30 miles round trip to the only open mobile phone shop but I made the drive.This seemed to be the (17)straw（稻草） for me.And I was feeling both stressed and (18) at that moment.
After having my(19) fixed，I started driving home.Suddenly，a yellow butterfly(20)in front of my speeding car.I knew I must have crushed it against the front windshield.I felt terrible because butterflies had a special(21)for me.Ever since my mother died 30 years ago，they have(22)me of her love.
I pulled over by the roadside as quickly as possible to(23)the butterfly.It lay flat against the front windshield，but (24) it looked undamaged.As soon as I eased my finger down towards it，it took flight (25).It swung around my head and then flew away with its(26) wings shining in the sun.Tears filled my eyes and I(27) my mother for this surprise.This butterfly was a gentle reminder of her love at the(28)time.
Life is full of stress and struggles. (29)， we are loved and we are hoped to live a life of faith and joy.When it comes to the (30) of life，we should keep going on with a smiling face and a happy heart.
16.  A. broken B. aged C. cheap D. small
17.  A. only B. last C. soft D. long
18.  A. depressed B. motivated C. astonished D. inspired
19.  A. car B. radio C. table D. phone
20.  A. stayed B. moved C. flew D. slid
21.  A. event B. purpose C. meaning D. problem
22.  A. warned B. informed C. convinced D. reminded
23.  A. study B. grasp C. check D. bury
24.  A. initially B. fortunately C. suddenly D. naturally
25.  A. after all B. at once C. on time D. in turn
26.  A. folded B. injured C. dark D. golden
27.  A. thought of B. turned to C. waited for D. learned from
28.  A. busy B. exact C. tough D. normal
29.  A. Otherwise B. Moreover C. Therefore D. However
30.  A. standard B. journey C. quality D. goal
31. Jane looked at the job ______（ advertise） and to her surprise it really suited her.
32. We are more than willing to cooperate ______（ sincere） with all the companies present.
33. I was deeply ______（disturb） to hear the sorrowful news.
34. To our amazement，the findings are contrary ______ the common belief.
35. Holiday is usually a time ______everybody takes a break from daily work.
36. The dog was slightly hurt，so I applied some medicine to ______（ it）skin.
37. China launched Shenzhou-14 in 2022， ______（send）3 taikonauts to space.
38. By the end of last month，China ______（build） 1.7 million 5 G base stations.
39. It surprised us ______ our foreign teacher can recite Tang poems.
40. They are proud to be ______ first generation in their family to attend college.
41. My father has become a manager who ______（主管，掌管）the administration of a company.
42. Our city，Dongguan，is made up of 4 sub-districts and 28 towns．（同义句改写）
Our city，Dongguan， ______4 sub-districts and 28 towns.
43. I asked Dad，"Can you fix my bike tomorrow？"（用间接引语改写）
I asked Dad ______ fix my bike the next day.
44. The scenery in Guilin is believed to be the best in the world．（同义句改写）
It ______ the scenery in Guilin is the best in the world.
45. I am fond of reading poems．I can learn a lot of beautiful words from poems．（用定语从句合并句子） ______
46.        sets him apart from other doctors．（强调划线部分） ______
47. 最让我获益的是我变得更加自信。（用名词性从句翻译） ______
48. 假如你是李华，你准备参加主题为"环境保护"的演讲比赛，请写一篇演讲稿。内容如下：
（1）环境保护的意义；
（2）你的建议。
注意：
（1）词数80左右；
（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear fellow students，
_____________
49. "Yeah，a BATTLE!" said William，pulling my arm. "You see that，John？"
I looked up from my desk to see Ms.Chow writing on the board， "Battle of the Books!" She smiled and then said， "Are you ready to go into the battle？Get prepared for it next week!"
"Is it a reading contest？" I was so excited that I forgot to raise my hand first.
"Good question，John!" said Ms.Chow. "It is not a race and you are not going to beat each other.We are not going to see who can read the fastest or the most books，but you are going to form a team of three and then set a reading goal for your team.If your team meet your goal by the end of this month，you will get a prize!"
Even though the prize was something silly，that still sounded pretty good to me.I turned towards William immediately，saying，"Shall we be teammates？"
"Yes，for sure!" he said.William and I liked a lot of the same books，so we could set a goal together.
The be1 l rang before Ms.Chow could explain any more rules.William and I were about to begin our discussion when Lily passed my desk and said "Teammates？" to William and me.Lily was a girl from Spain and she could read super-fast in both English and Spanish!If we set a goal like reading books by authors from different countries，she could help the team for sure.
"Yeah，of course!" William and I nodded.I had my team!The three of us settled down and started a discussion immediately，trying to figure out what we needed to do to get the prize.Just then，I saw my best friend Tom running towards my desk.I could clearly see the expectation shining in his eyes.
注意：
（1）所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
（2）续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。

"John，let's be teammates!" Tom said to me excitedly._____________
Hearing what Lily said，we agreed with her suggestion._____________
答案和解析

1~3.【答案】B、B、C
【解析】（1）目的意图题。根据第一段"Age is just a number" is a saying that some people might disagree with，but for healthy and fit great-grandmother Anne Sheppard，nothing could be more true. （有些人可能不同意"年龄只是一个数字"这句话，但对于健康健康的曾祖母安妮•谢泼德来说，这句话再正确不过了。）以及下文对Anne Sheppard的详细介绍可知，第一段的目的是引出文章要介绍的人物Anne Sheppard。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段中的"I just love it and I want to keep going as long as I can，" she smiles. "It's part of my life now-my husband has passed away and now I'm on my own.The gym is my second family and I'd be lost without them."（她微笑着说："我就是喜欢这份工作，只要我能，我就会一直坚持下去。""现在这是我生活的一部分---我丈夫去世了，现在我独自一人。健身房就是我的第二个家，没有他们我会不知所措。"）可知，健身成为Anne Sheppard生活中重要的一部分。故选B。
（3）标题归纳题。根据第一段"Age is just a number" is a saying that some people might disagree with，but for healthy and fit great-grandmother Anne Sheppard，nothing could be more true. （有些人可能不同意"年龄只是一个数字"这句话，但对于健康健康的曾祖母安妮•谢泼德来说，这句话再正确不过了。）以及下文对Anne Sheppard这位100岁了还在坚持健身的老人的详细介绍，可知本文主要介绍100岁还在健身锻炼的老人Anne Sheppard，因此C选项Anne，a 100-year-old Fitness Lover（Anne，一个100岁的健身爱好者）能够概括文章内容，适合作为文章标题。故选C。
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一位100岁了依然热爱健身的老人Anne Sheppard。
考查说明文。做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。

4~6.【答案】D、A、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段第一句"Regrets，I've had a few.But still，I keep going forward with them，" a pop star sang in his song in 1969.The idea of the song is attractive：what's done is done，so we should treat regrets properly and move on.（"遗憾，我有过几个。但是，我仍然和他们一起前行，"一位流行歌星在1969年的歌曲中唱道。这首歌的想法很吸引人：木已成舟，所以我们应该正确对待遗憾，继续前进。）可知，歌手认为我们应该带着遗憾前进。故选D。
（2）词句猜测题。根据划线部分所在句子Although filling your life with regrets is indeed bad for you，going to the other extreme may be even worse.（虽然让人生充满遗憾确实对你不好，但走向另一个极端可能更糟糕。）可知，句中go to the other extreme（走另一个极端）指的是生活充满遗憾的另一个极端，即生活中没有遗憾。A.Having no regrets at all.毫无遗憾；B.Making the same mistakes.犯同样的错误；C.Getting rid of unhappiness.摆脱不愉快；D.Feeling regretful in your life.感到人生遗憾。故选A。
（3）观点态度题。通读全文，尤其最后一段Life is a journey full of pleasures and pains.To live it well and fully means learning from every bit of it，including the mistakes，and moving forward.（人生是一段充满快乐和痛苦的旅程。要想活得好、活得充实，就意味着要从每一点生活中学习，包括错误，然后继续前进。）可知，作者认为，生活中会有痛苦的遗憾，但是我们也要从中学习，继续前行。因此作者对于遗憾的态度是客观的。A.Unconcerned.漠不关心的；B.Doubtful.不确定的；C.Objective.客观的；D.Negative.否定的。故选C。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了生活中会有很多遗憾，我们应该从中吸取教训，继续前行，让自己的人生更成功。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

7~10.【答案】C、A、B、D
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段第一句The so-called advanced driver assistance system has been equipped in some electric cars.（在一些电动汽车中配备了所谓的高级驾驶员辅助系统）可推知，先进的自动驾驶系统已经在一些电动汽车中使用。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段第二句 "If you look at China，the big cities like Shanghai and Shenzhen are testing self-driving cars in passengers transportation，" says George Simpson，director of the Center for Automotive Research in Duisburg，Germany.（德国伊斯堡汽车研究中心主任乔治•辛普森表示："如果你看看中国，像上海和深圳这样的大城市正在测试自动驾驶汽车在客运中的应用。"）可知，中国现在正在大城市的客运中测试自动驾驶汽车。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据第四段What works in China might not work elsewhere，because of differing attitudes towards how data should be used，admits Simpson.Chinese citizens might accept that the journeys of their vehicles are tracked and analyzed to improve traffic flows.But Americans are concerned about their privacy，so they are unwilling to agree with that tracking.（辛普森承认，由于对如何使用数据的态度不同，在中国有效的方法在其他地方可能行不通。中国公民可能会接受对车辆行程进行跟踪和分析，以改善交通流量。但美国人担心他们的隐私，因此他们不愿意同意这种跟踪。）可知，作者想通过比较中国人和美国人来展示他们对数据使用的不同态度。故选B。
（4）文章出处题。阅读全文，并根据文章第一段Since the 1920s，the sci-fi writers have promised us that a self-driving car can go fast and take us to work while we read the news.But this vision has proved to be more challenging to perform in practice than in theory.（自20世纪20年代以来，科幻作家就向我们承诺，当我们阅读新闻时，自动驾驶汽车可以快速行驶并带我们去工作。但事实证明，这一愿景在实践中比理论上更具挑战性），第二段第一句The so-called advanced driver assistance system has been equipped in some electric cars.（在一些电动汽车中配备了所谓的高级驾驶员辅助系统），第三段第二句 If you look at China，the big cities like Shanghai and Shenzhen are testing self-driving cars in passengers transportation（如果你看看中国，像上海和深圳这样的大城市正在测试自动驾驶汽车在客运中的应用）以及最后一段中Self driving cars must constantly generate data from their sensors and software to make driving decisions，or they would crash.（自动驾驶汽车必须不断地从传感器和软件中生成数据，才能做出驾驶决策，否则就会撞车）等可知，本文主要讲述了无人驾驶汽车这一技术的发展，由此可推知，我们可能在报纸的科技版面找到这篇文章。故选D。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了无人驾驶汽车的发展以及中美在无人驾驶汽车发展方面的差异。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

11~15.【答案】D、E、C、B、G
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据前句It often brings inconvenience and even causes some troubles（它经常带来不便，甚至会引起一些麻烦）；以及后句Here are some practical suggestions for you（这里有一些实用的建议），可知表示"你可能想知道如何处理这些问题"的选项D可以起到承上启下的作用，causes some troubles和handle such problems是关键词，故选D。
（2）推理判断题。根据前句From my own experience，my new friends find this method useful.When they see "Ilincha [ee-lean-ka]"，they can follow the guidance correctly（根据我自己的经验，我的新朋友发现这种方法很有用。当他们看到"Ilincha[ee lean ka]"时，他们可以正确地遵循指导），可知表示"因此，他们可以很容易地念出我的名字"的选项E符合前后的语境，my own experience和pronounce my name easily是关键词，故选E。
（3）推理判断题。根据后句Instead，you can behave politely by offering the right pronunciation to your friends（相反，你可以礼貌地向你的朋友提供正确的发音），可知表示"也不要因为错误责怪他们"的选项C符合前后的语境，behave politely和blame them for the mistake是关键词，故选C。
（4）主题判断题。根据后句Remember，you shouldn't change your name to fit in（记住，你不应该为了适应环境而改变自己的名字），可知表示"忠于自己"的选项B符合本段的主题，shouldn't change your name和Stay true to yourself是关键词，故选B。
（5）推理判断题。根据前文介绍的方法，以及后文We should all love and celebrate each of our names.Therefore，be proud of your name and speak up for yourself（我们都应该热爱并庆祝自己的每一个名字。因此，为自己的名字感到骄傲，为自己发声），可知表示"希望以上建议能给你带来信心"的选项G符合前后的语境，be proud of your name and speak up for yourself是关键词，故选G。
本文是一篇说明文。作者介绍了初来美国介绍自己名字的方法。
这是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。

16~30.【答案】A、B、A、D、C、C、D、C、B、B、D、A、B、D、B
【解析】（1）考查形容词及语境理解。A.broken破损的，出了毛病的；B.aged年迈的；C.cheap便宜的；D.small小的。句意：到目前为止，我的收音机坏了，电视机坏了，桌子也在摇晃。呼应上文的"It was this summer that everything broke."讲电视机坏了。故选A项。
（2）考查形容词及语境理解。A.only唯一的；B.last最后的；C.soft柔软的；D.long漫长的。句意：这似乎让我忍无可忍了。由上文的"It was this summer that everything broke.So far I'd had a dead radio，a（n）（1）TV and a shaking table.The latest problem was that my mobile phone didn't work.It was a 30 miles round trip to the only open mobile phone shop"可知，作者这个夏天生活不顺，作者感到忍无可忍了，the last straw （忍无可忍）。故选B项。
（3）考查形容词及语境理解。A.depressed沮丧的；B.motivated有动机的；C.astonished惊讶的；D.inspired受到启发的。句意：那一刻我感到既紧张又沮丧。由上文语境可知，作者这个夏天生活不顺，什么都坏了，手机也坏了，要跑去好远的地方修理，作者心情应该是沮丧的。故选A项。
（4）考查名词及语境理解。A.car汽车；B.radio收音机；C.table桌子；D.phone手机。句意：修好手机后，我开始开车回家。呼应上文的"It was a 30 miles round trip to the only open mobile phone shop but I made the drive."可知现在修完手机回家。故选D项。
（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.stayed呆；B.moved移动；C.flew飞；D.slid滑行。句意：突然，一只黄色的蝴蝶飞到我超速行驶的汽车前面。由下文的"I knew I must have crushed it against the front windshield."可知，一只黄色的蝴蝶飞到作者行驶的车前。故选C项。
（6）考查名词及语境理解。A.event事件；B.purpose意图；C.meaning意义；D.problem问题。句意：我觉得很可怕，因为蝴蝶对我有着特殊的意义。由下文的"This butterfly was a gentle reminder of her love"可知，蝴蝶对作者有着特殊的意义。故选C项。
（7）考查动词及语境理解。A.warned警告；B.informed通知；C.convinced使确信；D.reminded提醒。句意：自从我母亲30年前去世以来，它们一直让我想起她的爱。呼应下文的"This butterfly was a gentle reminder of her love"讲蝴蝶让作者想起母亲对自己的爱。故选D项。
（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.study学习；B.grasp掌握；C.check检查，查看；D.bury埋葬。句意：我尽可能快地把车停在路边，查看蝴蝶。由下文的"It lay flat against the front windshield，but（9）it looked undamaged."可知，作者停车查看蝴蝶是否安好。故选C项。
（9）考查副词及语境理解。A.initially最初；B.fortunately幸运的是；C.suddenly突然；D.naturally自然地。句意：它停留在前挡风玻璃上，但幸运的是它看起来完好无损。由下文的"it looked undamaged"可知，蝴蝶没事，这是一件幸运的事情。故选B项。
（10）考查介词短语及语境理解。A.after all毕竟；B.at once立刻；C.on time准时；D.in turn依次。句意：我一把手指朝它放下来，它就立刻飞走了。由上文的"it took flight"可知，作者的举动让蝴蝶立刻飞走了。故选B项。
（11）考查形容词及语境理解。A.folded折叠的；B.injured受伤的；C.dark黑暗的；D.golden金色的，金黄色的。句意：它绕着我的头旋转，然后飞走了，金色的翅膀在阳光下闪闪发光。由上文的"a yellow butterfly"和下文的"shining in the sun"可知，此时蝴蝶翅膀应该是金色的。故选D项。
（12）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.thought of想到；B.turned to求助于；C.waited for等待；D.learned from从……中学习。句意：眼泪充满了我的眼睛，我想到了我的母亲，因为这个惊喜。呼应下文的"This butterfly was a gentle reminder of her love"讲这只蝴蝶让作者想起了母亲。故选A项。
（13）考查形容词及语境理解。A.busy忙碌的；B.exact准确的、精确的；C.tough艰难的；D.normal正常的。句意：这只蝴蝶正是在这个时刻温柔地提醒着她的爱。由空后的time可知，此处指"就在这一时刻"，故选B项。
（14）考查副词及语境理解。A.Otherwise否则；B.Moreover而且；C.Therefore因此；D.However然而。句意：然而，我们被爱着，我们希望过上充满信仰和欢乐的生活。空后句子和上文的"Life is full of stress and struggles."是转折关系，用However。故选D项。
（15）考查名词及语境理解。A.standard标准；B.journey旅程；C.quality质量；D.goal目标。句意：当我们踏上人生的旅程时，我们应该带着笑脸和快乐的心继续前行。呼应下文的"we should keep going on"讲在人生的旅程上继续前行。故选B项。
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者最近生活不顺，修完手机回家途中，偶遇一只蝴蝶后想起了去世的母亲，作者感到被爱，重拾生活信心。
近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高。做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。

31.【答案】advertisement
【解析】advertise是动词，意为"（为…）广告"'分析句子结构可知，空格处应该用名词，advertise的名词是advertisement，根据后面的it可知，这里应该用单数形式。
故填：advertisement。
Jane看了一下招聘广告，令她惊讶的是，这真的很适合她。
考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要首先分辨是谓语还是非谓，若是谓语，则要注意时态语态和主谓一致；若是非谓则要考查主被动或是不定式；名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。

32.【答案】sincerely
【解析】sincere意为"真诚的；诚挚的"，是形容词，分析句子结构可知，空格处用来修饰前面的动词，应该用副词形式。
故填：sincerely。
我们非常愿意与在场的所有公司真诚地合作。
考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要首先分辨是谓语还是非谓，若是谓语，则要注意时态语态和主谓一致；若是非谓则要考查主被动或是不定式；名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。

33.【答案】disturbed
【解析】disturb是动词，意为"干扰；妨碍；使不安"，分析句子结构可知，空格处应该用形容词作表语，主语是I，所以用disturbed形式的形容词，表示"感到不安的"。
故填：disturbed。
听到这个悲伤的消息，我深感不安。
考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要首先分辨是谓语还是非谓，若是谓语，则要注意时态语态和主谓一致；若是非谓则要考查主被动或是不定式；名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。

34.【答案】to
【解析】be contrary to"与……相反"，是固定搭配。
故填：to。
令我们惊奇的是，这些发现与普遍的看法相反。
完成句子，要弄清楚各种句子即简单句，并列句和复合句的结构及连接词和句意，然后按要求完成句子。

35.【答案】when
【解析】先行词time在定语从句中作时间状语，用关系副词when引导从句。
故填：when。
假期通常是每个人从日常工作中休息一下的时间。
完成句子，要弄清楚各种句子即简单句，并列句和复合句的结构及连接词和句意，然后按要求完成句子。

36.【答案】its
【解析】分析句子结构可知，空格处用来修饰后面的名词skin，所以用形容词性物主代词，it是主格或宾格形式，它的形容词性物主代词是its。
故填：its。
狗受了点伤，所以我在它的皮肤上涂了些药。
考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要首先分辨是谓语还是非谓，若是谓语，则要注意时态语态和主谓一致；若是非谓则要考查主被动或是不定式；名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。

37.【答案】sending
【解析】分析句子结构可知，空格处是非谓语，主语和send之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词形式作状语，表示伴随。
故填：sending。
中国于2022年发射了神舟十四号，将3名宇航员送入太空。
考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要首先分辨是谓语还是非谓，若是谓语，则要注意时态语态和主谓一致；若是非谓则要考查主被动或是不定式；名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。

38.【答案】had built
【解析】build"建造"，根据时间状语By the end of last month可知，要用过去完成时。
故填：had built。
截至上月底，中国已建成170万个5 G基站。
考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要首先分辨是谓语还是非谓，若是谓语，则要注意时态语态和主谓一致；若是非谓则要考查主被动或是不定式；名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。

39.【答案】that
【解析】分析句子可知，本句中it作形式主语，横线处引导主语从句，从句中成分完整，意义完整，所以用that引导该从句。
故填：that。
我们的外教会背诵唐诗，这让我们很惊讶。
完成句子，要弄清楚各种句子即简单句，并列句和复合句的结构及连接词和句意，然后按要求完成句子。

40.【答案】the
【解析】序数词first前要用定语词the修饰。
故填：the。
他们很自豪能成为家里第一代上大学的人。
完成句子，要弄清楚各种句子即简单句，并列句和复合句的结构及连接词和句意，然后按要求完成句子。

41.【答案】takes charge of
【解析】根据括号内词义，"主管，掌管"可译为take charge of，因指的是现在事情，要用一般现在时，关系代词who的先行词manager是单数，谓语动词也用第三人称单数形式。
故填：takes charge of。
我父亲已经成为一名经理，负责一家公司的管理工作。
考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。

42.【答案】consists of
【解析】consist of=be made up of"由……组成"，因表示的是一般事实，要用一般现在时，主语city是单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
故填：consists of。
我们的城市，东莞，由4个街道和28个镇组成。
考查句型转换。是把意思相同或相近的句子用不同的词汇、短语及句型表示出来。同义句的相互转换除了考查主动句与被动句，复合句与简单句之间的转换，直接引语变间接引语外，还有一些词或短语的替换，仅仅通过替换几个词或短语，而使句子意思不变，就能达到异曲同工之妙。"句型转换"题是用来考查学生对句子结构变化所掌握的程度。

43.【答案】if/whether he could
【解析】直接引语在改为间接引语时，时态需要做相应的调整，现在时态需改为过去时态，人称you改为he，与Dad保持一致。直接引语如果是一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句。
故填：if/whether he could。
我问爸爸第二天是否能修好我的自行车。
完成句子，要弄清楚各种句子即简单句，并列句和复合句的结构及连接词和句意，然后按要求完成句子。

44.【答案】is believed that
【解析】"be believed to+不定式"结构可以改写为"It is believed that"，其中it是形式主语。
故填：is believed that。
人们相信桂林的风景是世界上最好的。
完成句子，要弄清楚各种句子即简单句，并列句和复合句的结构及连接词和句意，然后按要求完成句子。

45.【答案】I am fond of reading poems，from which I can learn a lot of beautiful words．
【解析】先行词poems在非限制性定语从句中作介词from的宾语，指事，用关系代词which引导从句。
故填：I am fond of reading poems，from which I can learn a lot of beautiful words．
我喜欢读诗，从中我可以学到很多美丽的单词。
考查句型转换。是把意思相同或相近的句子用不同的词汇、短语及句型表示出来。同义句的相互转换除了考查主动句与被动句，复合句与简单句之间的转换，直接引语变间接引语外，还有一些词或短语的替换，仅仅通过替换几个词或短语，而使句子意思不变，就能达到异曲同工之妙。"句型转换"题是用来考查学生对句子结构变化所掌握的程度。

46.【答案】It is his spirit of devotion that sets him apart from other doctors．
【解析】本句使用了强调句式：it is/ was + 被强调部分（通常是主语、宾语或状语）+ that/ who（当强调主语且主语指人）+ 其他部分，his spirit of devotion是被强调部分，根据句中sets可知，be动词用is。
故填：It is his spirit of devotion that sets him apart from other doctors．
他的献身精神使他有别于其他医生。
构成强调句的it本身没有词义；强调句中的连接词一般只用that，who，即使在强调时间状语和地点状语时也如此，that，who不可省略；强调句中的时态只用两种，一般现在时和一般过去时。原句谓语动词是一般过去时、过去完成时和过去进行时，用It was ……，其余的时态用It is ……。

47.【答案】What benefits me most is that I become more confident.
【解析】1.因指的是现在的事情，主从句都用一般现在时；2.What benefits me most是主语从句；3.that I become more confident是表语从句，become是连系动词，后接形容词confident作表语。
故填：What benefits me most is that I become more confident.
最让我获益的是我变得更加自信。
考查汉译英，注意汉英之间的差异，汉语与英语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示进行翻译，使句意更通顺。

48.【答案】Dear fellow students，
The topic of my speech today is Environmental Protection，which we should pay much attention to.【高分句型一】After all，if we don't protect our environment well，how can we live in harmony with nature？（环境保护的意义）
To protect our environment，we ought to keep in mind that there are many things we can do in our daily life．First，we shouldn't leave the water running while brushing our teeth．Second，we can choose to use both side of paper as often as possible so as to protect our forests.【高分句型二】Moreover，turn off the light whenever we leave a room．（你的建议）
It's high time that we took action to protect our environment.（发出号召）
Thank you for your listening!
【解析】高分句型一  The topic of my speech today is Environmental Protection，which we should pay much attention to．
翻译：我今天演讲的题目是环境保护，是我们应该高度重视的。
分析：句中使用了which引导非限制性定语从句。
高分句型二  Second，we can choose to use both side of paper as often as possible so as to protect our forests．
翻译：第二，我们可以选择尽可能多地使用纸张的两面，以保护我们的森林。
分析：句中使用了不定式短语so as to do作目的状语。
这是一篇演讲稿，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。

49.【答案】"John，let's be teammates！"Tom said to me excitedly.Hearing what Tom said，I bowed my head in embarassment，not daring to meet his eyes because I didn't know how to refuse him politely.He was my best friend and I didn't want to ruin our friendship.William and Lily also fell into silence and had no idea how to deal with it.Suddenly，Lily said happily，"we can turn to Ms.Chow for help.If we really want to be a team，maybe she will grant our request.【高分句型一】"（作者的尴尬和不知所措及女同学提出的建议）
Hearing what Lily said，we agreed with her suggestion.So we approached Ms.Chow who was getting ready to leave the classroom.After hearing what we said，she finally agreed，but with one condition that we must set a higher reading goal for our team since we had four.【高分句型二】We agreed happily.Finally，the problem was solved perfectly and nobody was heart-broken.I was firmly sure that we would complete our reading goal and win the prize.（我们采取的行动及最终解决了组队问题）
【解析】本文为记叙文。文章讲述了作者和两个小伙伴组队参加老师组织的读书比赛的活动，这时他最好的朋友也想加入他的队伍，但老师要求只能三人一组。就在作者为难之际，同伴提出了建议，最终完美地解决了组队的问题。
高分句型一：If we really want to be a team，maybe she will grant our request.
译文：如果我们真的想成为一个团队，也许她会同意我们的要求。
分析：这句话使用了if引导的条件状语从句。
高分句型二：After hearing what we said，she finally agreed，but with one condition that we must set a higher reading goal for our team since we had four.
译文：听了我们的话，她终于同意了，但有一个条件，我们必须为我们的团队设定一个更高的阅读目标，因为我们有四个。
分析：这句话使用了what引导的宾语从句。
解题方法点拨
（1）品读原文。确定文章线索
      每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
      （2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
      一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此类短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
      （3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
      根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
      （4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
      在确定了思路和内容之后。最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。