2022-2023学年四川省眉山中学校高二上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年四川省眉山中学校高二上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版），共23页。试卷主要包含了听力，阅读理解，完形填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。

眉山中学2024届英语11月半期考试
I 卷
一、听力(共二节，满分20分)
第一节 请听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What are the speakers going to eat?
A. Pizza. B. Sandwiches. C. Hamburgers.
2. What time is it now?
A. 6:00 a.m. B. 6:15 p.m. C. 7:15 p.m.
3. What has the boy already done?
A. He made his bed. B. He washed the dishes. C. He took out the garbage.
4. What is the man doing?
A. Watching TV. B. Writing a report. C. Listening to music.
5. Why is the woman sad?
A. She doesn’t have enough to eat.
B. She can’t help the children.
C. She misses her parents.
第二节
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What does the man ask the woman for?
A. A dollar. B. A receipt. C. Some quarters.
7. Where will the man get something to eat?
A. From a store. B. From a movie theater. C. From a candy machine.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Boss and employee. B. Co-workers. C. Neighbors.
9. Why was Cindy fired?
A. She lied on her résumé.
B. She was not good at her job.
C. She went on vacation without asking for leave.
10. How does the man feel about the whole thing?
A. He’s disappointed.
B. He’s not surprised.
C. He finds it unbelievable.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What are the speakers doing?
A. Buying some furniture.
B. Decorating their house.
C. Arranging the woman’s room.
12. What will the speakers do first?
A. Move the bed. B. Move the desk. C. Hang the curtains.
13. Where does the woman want to put the desk?
A. In the corner. B. Against the wall. C. Far away from the window.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What does the boy think about Mrs. Hobbs?
A. She is very poor. B. She is too serious. C. She looks very funny.
15. What does Freddie sometimes do to Mrs. Hobbs?
A. He makes fun of her.
B. He plays games with her.
C. He helps her with the housework.
16. How does the woman feel about what the boy said?
A. Amused. B. Ashamed. C. Angry.
17. What does the woman advise the boy to do?
A. Respect older people.
B. Stop being friends with Freddie.
C. Work hard to be a good teacher.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What did Jennifer tell the students to do?
A. Leave at once.
B. Wait in the classroom.
C. Find out what the problem was.
19. What caused the fire alarm?
A. A fire broke out at school.
B. Someone was playing a joke.
C. Someone hit the alarm by mistake.
20. Who turned off the alarm?
A. Jennifer. B. A fireman. C. A police officer.
二、阅读理解
第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。(30分)
A
Tipping customs differ from country to country. You need to know how to tip in the country that you're in when you travel; or you'll leave servers annoyed everywhere you go. Here are just a few guidelines to tipping in different countries.
Dubai
In Dubai it's a rule for restaurants to charge 10% tip on all restaurant and bar bills You can add a couple of dirhams (迪拉姆，货币单位)to this if you feel like it. Waiters are not paid very much in Dubai, so it is always very appreciated.
Brazil
There will always be a standard 10% service charge added to your bill, and you won't necessarily have to tip. If you do feel like being generous, an extra 5-10% will really make your server very happy. Just remember to do this as skillfully as possible - Brazilians don't make a big show of this.
Czech Republic
While locals in the Czech Republic don't leave tips, that doesn't mean you're off the hook. Foreign tourists are definitely expected to leave some kind of tip for service - as long as you're in a high tourist traffic area, like Prague for instance. The standard tip is 10%.
India
Here it is often considered appropriate for a tourist to tip your server 5-10%. You have to adjust that number by yourself though. This is how the rules go in this country. If the bill is for a small meal and totals less than 300 rupees,tip the full 10％.If the bill is higher, tip towards the 5％．
1. In which country is it OK if you don’t give a tip?
A. Dubai． B. Czech Republic． C. Brazil． D. India．
2. In India，the amount of tip mainly depends on________.
A. The size and environment of the restaurant． B. The service that you have received．
C. The rules that the restaurants make． D. The size of the meal you are eating is．
3. In which section of a website can you probably find the passage?
A. News． B. Culture． C. Sports． D. Entertainment
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章中介绍了不同国家的给小费的文化习俗，包括巴西、迪拜、德国、捷克和印度，并详细介绍了各个国家的小费标准等信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“ you won't necessarily have to tip”（你不必付小费）最后一句“Just remember to do this as skillfully as possible - Brazilians don't make a big show of this.(一定要记得要尽可能巧妙的做到这一点——巴西人不会大张旗鼓)”可知，如果你不给小费的话，巴西人是接受的。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“This is how the rules go in this country. If the bill is for a small meal and totals less than 300 rupees,tip the full 10％.If the bill is higher, tip towards the 5％.(这是这个国家的规定。如果你是一顿简单的饭的账单，并且总共少于300卢布，小费最多付百分之十。如果账单费用更高，小费降到百分之五)”可知，在印度，小费的多少依据餐费而定。故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Tipping customs differ from country to country. You need to know how to tip in the country that you're in when you travel; or you'll leave servers annoyed everywhere you go.(不同国家给小费的风俗不同。你需要知道你要去旅游的国家如何给小费，否则的话，无论你走到哪里都会让为你服务的人不快)”可知，这篇文章讲述了不同国家的给小费的文化习俗，所以这篇文章很可能选自文化版块。故选B。
B
Nick Prosser, a 28-year-old New Zealander, has been stuttering (口吃) for as long as he can remember, but he recently discovered that speaking in an Irish accent makes his speech disorder disappear
The young New Zealander claims he discovered the simple cure to his stutter completely by accident, while trying different accents with a friend for fun. When he tried the Irish accent, both he and his friend were amazed that his stutter almost vanished. They were able to have a long conversation without him stuttering at all, which had never happened before. He just couldn’t believe that something so simple could be the cure to a problem that had seriously affected his self-confidence ever since he was a child
“I couldn’t believe it. I had been to so many speech therapists who never suggested this technique, Prosser said
Interestingly, Nick has never been to Ireland, but he believes that speaking in an Irish accent comes naturally for him because of his mother, who comes from an Irish family. He suggests that people suffering from similar speech disorders try looking at their genealogies (家谱) and attempt to speak in an accent associated to them. However, local speech specialist Annette Stock said she had never heard about this technique
“We know as speech language therapists that singing certainly helps with people that have stutters but you can’t just go around singing in your everyday life, Stock said.” I think that this is something that works for, him and that’s fine. But in six months’ time if it is still working I would be saying wow that’s amazing.
So why does the Irish accent make Prosser’s stutter disappear? No one knows for sure, but Ants Haines, who has been Nick’s barber for years, has an interesting theory: he claims that this way, the 28-year-old spends more time thinking how to pronounce the words, which somehow helps
4. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “vanished” in paragraph 2?
A. Erupted. B. Worsened.
C. Disappeared. D. Functioned.
5. What happened to Nick Prosser after he tried the Irish accent?
A. He turned to his friends for their help. B. He had more faith in himself.
C. He took pride in his language ability. D. He went to speech therapists for advice.
6 How did Annette Stock react to Nick Prosser’s suggestion?
A. She doubted it. B. She tried to prove it.
C. She was confirmed of it. D. She was amazed by its effect.
7. What does Ants Haines intend to tell us?
A. His relationship with Nick. B. His idea of the end of Nick’s stutter.
C His convince in Nick’s learning ability. D. The influence of speaking different accents.
【答案】4 C 5. B 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是记叙文。主要讲述了患口吃的新西兰男子Nick Prosser因为好玩学着用爱尔兰口音说 话，结果就不口吃了。因此，他向人们推广他的经验。
【4题详解】
词义猜测题。根据该词的后一句内容可知，Nick Prosser用爱尔兰口音说话后能够长时间交谈而不口吃，因此vanished意为“消失”，同C选项中的disappeared同义，故选C项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句话可知，Nick Prosser用爱尔兰口音说话后口吃消失，他变得更有自信了，故选B项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句话 However, local speech specialist Annette Stock said she had never heard about this technique和第五段内容可知，Annette Stock对Nick Prosser建议的有效性持怀疑态度，故选A项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段内容he claims that this way, the 28-year-old spends more time thinking how to pronounce the words, which somehow helps可知，Ants Haines说的话表明了他对Nick Prosser用爱尔兰口音说话为什么会导致他治愈其口吃的看法，故选B项。
C
Being able to tell human faces apart is a skill that almost every person has, although some are far better at it than others. But a new study from the journal Scientific Reports says that this is not just a skill that humans possess. Even fish can do it.
Following up on research studying different species’ abilities to recognize human faces (sheep, dogs, cows, horses, and birds have all been tried), the researchers from the University of Oxford and the University of Queensland decided to pick an animal that does not have an evolved neocortex (大脑新皮层), the part of the brain that processes sight and sounds, and does not have a close relationship with humans. That way, there would be no reason why these test subjects would have a past history of identifying human faces. So they picked the archerfish, a reef fish variety that shoots water into the air to knock its prey(猎物) out of the sky. They used this adaptation to have the fish spray water at a face on a monitor hanging over their tanks for a reward. Most of the fish were able to pick out their learned face, even when colours were taken away or methods were used to make the face shapes unclear.
This study gives more backing to the hypothesis (假设) that differentiating between faces is not just a skill that big-brained organisms are born with. It is possible that a good portion of recognizing faces is learned over time. The development of the neocortex may contribute only to quickly process a large number of faces in varying situations. But more work needs to be conducted to find a deeper link to this possible learned behaviour. The subject(实验对象) of this study was very small—only eight fish were used altogether. Also, the faces displayed on the monitor were only white, female faces from a German database, shown in a frontal view, with no expressions. Other animal trials have shown that some species, like pigeons, respond more to differing angles and varied expressions.
8. What is the purpose of this passage?
A. To introduce a scientific discovery.
B. To present the differences between species.
C. To show how animals tell human faces apart.
D. To introduce the animals that can recognize human faces.
9. Why were the archerfish chosen as test subjects?
A. They are cleverer than other species.
B. They have sharp vision and hearing.
C. They aren’t closely related to humans.
D. They spray water to hit the prey.
10. What is the author’s attitude toward the study?
A. Cautious. B. Negative. C. Positive D. Sympathetic.
11. Which of the following is suggested for similar studies in the future?
A. Including more experimental subjects. B. Enlarging the human faces.
C. Employing more male researchers. D. Using black-and-white pictures.
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. A 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。研究表明分辨人脸不仅仅是人类所特有的技能，甚至鱼也能做到。文章说明了研究人员用射水鱼来进行研究的原因，以及试验过程。作者对这项研究持谨慎态度，认为还需要做更多的工作来找到这种可能的习得行为的更深层次的联系。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Being able to tell human faces apart is a skill that almost every person has, although some are far better at it than others. But a new study from the journal Scientific Reports says that this is not just a skill that humans possess. Even fish can do it. But a new study from the journal Scientific Reports says that this is not just a skill that humans possess. Even fish can do it.(能够分辨人脸是几乎每个人都具备的技能，尽管有些人比其他人更擅长分辨人脸。但《科学报告》杂志的一项新研究表明，这不仅仅是人类拥有的技能。即使是鱼也能做到。)”可知《科学报告》杂志的一项新研究表明，分辨人脸不仅仅是人类所拥有的技能，鱼也能做到。文章下文详细说明了研究人员用射水鱼来进行研究的原因，以及试验过程。由此可推知，这篇文章的目的是介绍一项科学发现：动物可以识别人脸。故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Following up on research studying different species’ abilities to recognize human faces (sheep, dogs, cows, horses, and birds have all been tried), the researchers from the University of Oxford and the University of Queensland decided to pick an animal that does not have an evolved neocortex (大脑新皮层), the part of the brain that processes sight and sounds, and does not have a close relationship with humans. That way, there would be no reason why these test subjects would have a past history of identifying human faces. So they picked the archerfish, a reef fish variety that shoots water into the air to knock its prey(猎物) out of the sky. (继研究不同物种识别人脸的能力后（羊、狗、牛、马、鸟都试过），牛津大学和昆士兰大学的研究人员决定选择一种没有进化出新皮质的动物，新皮质是大脑中处理视觉和声音的部分，而且与人类没有密切关系。这样的话，这些测试对象就不会有识别人脸的历史了。所以他们选择了射水鱼，这是一种珊瑚礁鱼类，它能把水喷到空中，把猎物打飞。)”可知，选择射水鱼作为实验对象是因为它们和人类关系不是很密切。故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“It is possible that a good portion of recognizing faces is learned over time. The development of the neocortex may contribute only to quickly process a large number of faces in varying situations. But more work needs to be conducted to find a deeper link to this possible learned behaviour. The subject(实验对象) of this study was very small—only eight fish were used altogether. Also, the faces displayed on the monitor were only white, female faces from a German database, shown in a frontal view, with no expressions. Other animal trials have shown that some species, like pigeons, respond more to differing angles and varied expressions.(人脸识别的很大一部分可能是随着时间的推移而习得的。新皮层的发育可能只有助于在不同的情况下快速处理大量的面孔。但需要进行更多的研究，以找到这种可能的习得行为的更深层次的联系。这项研究的实验对象样本量非常小——总共只使用了8条鱼。此外，显示器上显示的面孔只是来自德国数据库的白人女性面孔，正面显示，没有任何表情。其他动物试验表明，一些物种，如鸽子，对不同的角度和不同的表情反应更多。)”可推知，作者对这项研究非常谨慎，认为还需要做更多的工作来找到这种可能的习得行为的更深层次的联系。故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The subject(实验对象) of this study was very small—only eight fish were used altogether. Also, the faces displayed on the monitor were only white, female faces from a German database, shown in a frontal view, with no expressions. (这项研究的实验对象样本量很小——总共只使用了8条鱼。此外，显示器上显示的面孔只是来自德国数据库的白人女性面孔，正面显示，没有任何表情。)”可推知，今后开展类似的研究时，应该要有更多的实验对象。故选A。
D
If one more person talks about the benefits of mindfulness, I will throw cabbage at them. Just kidding. But I do have lots of cabbage happily rotting away in my, kitchen thanks to the wellness obsession(着迷) that failed to keep my attention. This is a symptom of a phenomenon known as “wellness tiredness”.
Wellness is seriously big business with a worth of $3.72 trillion and a healthy annual growth of 14 percent. To satisfy this consuming desire, brands of super foods and various exercise classes crowd in. “The problem with all this constantly changing information on what to eat or which exercise class to take is that people begin to form distorted(扭曲的) mindsets towards the idea of a healthy lifestyle,” explains Dr Bijal, a psychologist at Nightingale Hospital. “The least harmful result of a distorted mindset will be confusion. The most harmful would be serious physical and mental disorders like extreme dieting or over-exercising.”
It’s little wonder that many people are beginning to reject the idea of wellness and the lifestyle it advocates. “I can’t tell you the number of wellness accounts I’ve unfollowed on Instagram,” one fitness-enthusiast friend tells me. When I ask her why, she tells me that the public pursuit(追求) of wellness has reached “the eye-roll stage”. Meanwhile, sales of fitness trackers and wearable wellness things have dropped sharply.
Speaking of gym culture, which offers classes like Hula Hoop and Yoga, it’s also beginning to show signs that people are returning to more conventional forms of exercise-some that wouldn’t look out of place on a school timetable.
The whole point of wellness is that it should become such an everyday thing that you forget about seeking it. Living a healthy lifestyle becomes a given rather than something singled out as impressive and worth applauding. Now, more people are starting to cycle to and from work, swim on lunch breaks and even try to buy old school exercise bikes.
12. What is the main idea of paragraph 2?
A. The wellness business costs people a great deal of money.
B. People are faced with too many food and exercise choices.
C. Distorted mindsets to wellness cause harmful consequences.
D. The wellness industry has been developing at a steady speed.
13. Why is the author’s friend mentioned in paragraph 3?
A. To inform us wearable wellness things are not popular.
B. To advocate the idea of wellness and a healthy lifestyle.
C. To tell us that online wellness accounts are hard to follow.
D. To show the public’s unfavorable attitude to wellness obsession.
14. Why are people starting to return to traditional forms of exercise?
A. Sports such as cycling are more impressive.
B. People are treating wellness as an everyday thing.
C. Classes like Hula Hoop and Yoga are too expensive.
D. People have come to know wellness is not so necessary.
15. Which of the following is the best title for the text r?
A. The Importance of Living a Healthy Lifestyle
B. Are You Suffering from Wellness Tiredness?
C. The Benefits of Mindfulness in Wellness Industry
D. What is the Real Meaning of Wellness Obsession?
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. B 15. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章说明了健康是一项大生意，价值3.72万亿美元，每年健康增长14%。为了满足这种消费欲望，各种品牌的超级食品和各种各样的健身班蜂拥而入。因此导致了“健康疲劳”的现象，人们开始对健康生活方式的想法形成扭曲的心态。文章说明了这种现象对人们健康生活的影响和危害。建议人们将把健康当作一件日常的事情。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段中“The problem with all this constantly changing information on what to eat or which exercise class to take is that people begin to form distorted mindsets towards the idea of a healthy lifestyle,” explains Dr Bijal, a psychologist at Nightingale Hospital. “The least harmful result of a distorted mindset will be confusion. The most harmful would be serious physical and mental disorders like extreme dieting or over-exercising.”可知“这些不断变化的关于吃什么或参加什么运动课程的信息的问题是，人们开始对健康生活方式的想法形成扭曲的心态。” 南丁格尔医院的心理学家Bijal博士解释说，“心态扭曲带来的危害最小的结果就是混乱。最有害的是严重的生理和心理疾病，比如极端节食或过度锻炼。”由此可知，第二段的主旨大意是扭曲的健康心态会导致有害的后果。故选C。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中It’s little wonder that many people are beginning to reject the idea of wellness and the lifestyle it advocates. “I can’t tell you the number of wellness accounts I’ve unfollowed on Instagram,” one fitness-enthusiast friend tells me. When I ask her why, she tells me that the public pursuit(追求) of wellness has reached “the eye-roll stage”.可知难怪许多人开始拒绝健康的概念和它所倡导的生活方式。一位健身爱好者朋友告诉我：“我无法告诉你我在Instagram上公开的健康账户数量。当我问她为什么，她告诉我，公众对健康的追求已经到了“眼花缭乱阶段”。由此可推知，在第三段提到作者的朋友是为了表明公众对健康问题的不满。故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段The whole point of wellness is that it should become such an everyday thing that you forget about seeking it. Living a healthy lifestyle becomes a given rather than something singled out as impressive and worth applauding. Now, more people are starting to cycle to and from work, swim on lunch breaks and even try to buy old school exercise bikes.可知健康的全部意义在于，它应该成为一件你忘记去追求的日常事情。健康的生活方式成为了一种给予，而不是什么令人印象深刻和值得称赞的事情。现在，越来越多的人开始骑车上下班，在午休时间游泳，甚至尝试购买老式学校的健身自行车。由此可知，人们开始回归传统的锻炼方式因为人们把健康当作一件日常的事情。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段中“The problem with all this constantly changing information on what to eat or which exercise class to take is that people begin to form distorted mindsets towards the idea of a healthy lifestyle,” explains Dr Bijal, a psychologist at Nightingale Hospital. “The least harmful result of a distorted mindset will be confusion. The most harmful would be serious physical and mental disorders like extreme dieting or over-exercising.”可知“这些不断变化的关于吃什么或参加什么运动课程的信息的问题是，人们开始对健康生活方式的想法形成扭曲的心态。” 南丁格尔医院的心理学家Bijal博士解释说，“心态扭曲带来的危害最小的结果就是混乱。最有害的是严重的生理和心理疾病，比如极端节食或过度锻炼。”结合文章说明了健康是一项大生意，价值3.72万亿美元，每年健康增长14%。为了满足这种消费欲望，各种品牌的超级食品和各种各样的健身班蜂拥而入。因此导致了“健康疲劳”的现象，人们开始对健康生活方式的想法形成扭曲的心态。文章说明了这种现象对人们健康生活的影响和危害。建议人们将把健康当作一件日常的事情。故B选项“你是否正在忍受着养生疲劳？”符合文章最佳标题。故选B。
【点睛】易错分析
4. Which of the following is the best title for the text r?
A. The Importance of Living a Healthy Lifestyle
B. Are You Suffering from Wellness Tiredness?
C. The Benefits of Mindfulness in Wellness Industry
D. What is the Real Meaning of Wellness Obsession?
本题属于主旨大意题之标题确定题，属深层理解题，它要求考生在通读全文的基础上，认真分析主人公的特定心态、文章大意及作者的写作意图。在此基础上，还应做到概括性、针对性、醒目性的有机结合。学生易错选A选项“健康生活方式的重要性”，A选项属于以偏概全，文章的中心思想还是围绕着“养生疲劳”展开的。根据第二段中“The problem with all this constantly changing information on what to eat or which exercise class to take is that people begin to form distorted mindsets towards the idea of a healthy lifestyle,” explains Dr Bijal, a psychologist at Nightingale Hospital. “The least harmful result of a distorted mindset will be confusion. The most harmful would be serious physical and mental disorders like extreme dieting or over-exercising.”可知“这些不断变化的关于吃什么或参加什么运动课程的信息的问题是，人们开始对健康生活方式的想法形成扭曲的心态。” 南丁格尔医院的心理学家Bijal博士解释说，“心态扭曲带来的危害最小的结果就是混乱。最有害的是严重的生理和心理疾病，比如极端节食或过度锻炼。”结合文章说明了健康是一项大生意，价值3.72万亿美元，每年健康增长14%。为了满足这种消费欲望，各种品牌的超级食品和各种各样的健身班蜂拥而入。因此导致了“健康疲劳”的现象，人们开始对健康生活方式的想法形成扭曲的心态。文章说明了这种现象对人们健康生活的影响和危害。建议人们将把健康当作一件日常的事情。故B选项“你是否正在忍受着养生疲劳？”符合文章最佳标题。故选B。
第二节 七选五 (每小题2分 共10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Memory loss can occur to anyone. If you are unable to take good care of your memory, then chances are you will suffer from memory loss at a very young age.___16___
Stress is a state of mental or emotional fatigue(疲劳).___17___This is the reason why we fail to remember or learn new things when we are mentally stressed. To prevent stress-related loss of memory and learning ability, one has to find the factors that increase stress and anxiety and deal with them.
If you exercise on a regular basis, your body will become stronger over time.___18___As your brain does more exercise, it gets healthier and works better. This is why students are encouraged to do mind exercises or play mind-related games regularly.
___19___It allows good blood circulation(循环) in the body and enable the mind to process present as well as past information quickly. However, many people neglect the importance of doing so. Also, always include healthy foods in your daily diet that can improve your memory, such as blueberries, spinach and broccoli.
These are just some of the causes of memory loss. At present, experts are unable to tell exactly what the main reason leading to memory loss is. This is because there could be many reasons leading to it, such as environmental factors. The brain is a complex organ.___20___What matters is that you are able to follow the right set of guidelines to prevent yourself from suffering from memory loss.
A. It affects the memory and learning ability of an individual
B. Having a healthy and balanced diet is very important
C. Trying giving yourself a break will be a good way
D. It makes it almost impossible to find the true cause of memory loss
E. This rule applies to the brain as well
F. It is very helpful to have a regular place to put things in
G. The following are the top three reason for memory loss and how you can avoid them
【答案】16. G 17. A 18. E 19. B 20. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章说明了造成健忘的三个主要原因以及如何避免它们的发生。
【16题详解】
根据上文Memory loss can occur to anyone. If you are unable to take good care of your memory, then chances are you will suffer from memory loss at a very young age.提到了任何人都可能健忘，如果你不能好好的照顾自己的记忆，那么在非常年轻的时候就可能会遭遇健忘，结合下文内容推断G项（下面给出造成健忘的三个主要原因以及如何避免它们的发生。）承上启下，故选G。
【17题详解】
根据Stress is a state of mental or emotional fatigue(疲劳).（压力是一种精神或情绪疲劳的状态）和This is the reason why we fail to remember or learn new things when we are mentally stressed.（这就是为什么当我们精神紧张时，我们不能记住或学习新事物的原因） 可知这里意思是压力会影响人的记忆力和学习能力，故选A。
【18题详解】
根据上文If you exercise on a regular basis, your body will become stronger over time. 这里提到了经常运动会使身体更强壮这一规则，故E项（这条规则同样适用于大脑。）符合语境，引出下文“随着你的大脑做更多的运动，它变得更健康，工作得更好”，故选A。
【19题详解】
根据下文Also, always include healthy foods in your daily diet that can improve your memory, such as blueberries, spinach and broccoli.( 此外，在日常饮食中始终包括健康的食物，这些食物可以提高你的记忆力，如蓝莓、菠菜和西兰花) 可知，这里提到了健康和均衡的饮食，选B。（有一个健康和均衡的饮食非常重要）符合语境，故选B。
【20题详解】
根据上文The brain is a complex organ. 这里提到了大脑是一个很复杂的器官，所以选D。（找到造成健忘的真正原因几乎是不可能的。）符合语境，故选D。
三、完形填空(共 20 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Have you ever met someone with exactly the same name as you? Paul O’ Sullivan from Baltimore has, and his fellow Paul O’ Sullivans ended up becoming ___21___.
One night, Baltimore Paul was adding Paul O’ Sullivans on Facebook and many of them ___22___ his friend request. He ___23___ what they had in common: They were all ___24___. Rotterdam Paul sings and plays the guitar. Another from Pennsylvania is a drummer. Baltimore Paul reached out to other Paul around the world. Finally, three Pauls ___25___ to form a musical group with him, named The Paul O’ Sullivan Band.
When the world shut down due to COVID-19 they ___26___ they had been working remotely together, so they ___27___ to use the lockdown (防范禁闭期) to ___28___ a whole album for the first time.
“It feels great to be able to ___29___ people on the other side of the world because you don’t feel ____30____ at the moment,” said Rotterdam Paul. For all four Pauls, music was more ____31____ than ever. “I have always used music to ____32____ me to get through the bad times. ____33____, I think the lockdown went faster because I was doing this at this moment.” Rotterdam Paul added.
During a year when many things were put on pause, these four were able to stay ____34____ and make something great. “Once COVID came, so many ____35____ had shut on musicians,” Pennsylvania Paul said, “And Baltimore Paul ____36____ this door already, right？Then we had a(an) ____37____ purpose,” “And I think for me, that gave me a lot of ____38____, that I wasn't locked out of ____39____.In fact, we could ____40____ something, despite the new adversity (逆境),” he continued, “Everybody said no, and The Paul O’ Sullivan Band said yes.”
21. A. colleagues B. friends C. neighbors D. relatives
22. A. accepted B. needed C. met D. expressed
23. A. believed B. noticed C. wondered D. doubted
24. A. musicians B. players C. composers D. pianists
25. A. learned B. wanted C. agreed D. tried
26. A. expected B. admitted C. realized D. concluded
27. A. had B. continued C. failed D. decided
28. A. record B. improve C. sell D. advertise
29. A. remember B. telephone C. miss D. contact
30. A. tired B. alone C. sick D. angry
31. A. practical B. different C. impossible D. important
32. A. order B. force C. help D. carry
33. A. Gradually B. Actually C. Occasionally D. Obviously
34. A. quiet B. calm C. connected D. relaxed
35. A. doors B. companies C. stores D. hospitals
36. A. opened up B. pointed to C. looked at D. focused on
37. A. unreachable B. uncertain C. limited D. extra
38. A. adventures B. satisfaction C. tasks D. information
39. A. nothing B. anything C. everything D. something
40. A. predict B. stop C. imagine D. achieve
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. B 34. C 35. A 36. A 37. D 38. D 39. C 40. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了四个名叫保罗·奥沙利文的音乐家们在疫情爆发期间，通过合作录制专辑的故事。
【详解】1.考查名词词义辨析。句意：巴尔的摩的保罗·奥沙利文，和他的搭档保罗·奥沙利文成了朋友。A.colleagues同事；B.friends朋友；C.neighbors邻居；D.relatives亲戚。根据下文“ 　2　　his friend request”可知，此处指他们成为了朋友。故选B。
2.考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天晚上，巴尔的摩保罗在脸书上加了保罗·奥苏利文，很多人都接受了他的好友请求。A.accepted接受；B.needed需要；C.met遇见；D.expressed表达。根据前文“and his fellow Paul O' Sullivans ended up becoming__1____”可知，他们成为了朋友，所以此处指他的好友的请求被接受了。故选A。
3.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他注意到它们有相同点。A.believed相信；B.noticed注意到；C.wondered想知道；D.doubted怀疑。根据下文“They were all _4__.”可知，这是他们的共同点。所以此处指他注意到他们的共同点。故选B。
4.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们都是音乐家。A.musicians音乐家；B.players演员，参赛选手；C.composers作曲家；D.pianists画家。根据下文“Rotterdam Paul sings and plays the guitar. Another from Pennsylvania is a drummer. ”及“had shut on musicians”可知此处指他们都是音乐家。故选A。
5.考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，三个保罗同意和他组成一个乐队，叫保罗 · 奥沙利文乐队。A.learned学习；B.wanted想要；C.agreed同意；D.tried尝试。根据前文“Baltimore Paul reached out to other Paul around the world.”及下文“to form a musical group with ”可知，此处指其它的三位保罗答应和他一起组成一个乐队。故选C。
6.考查动词词义辨析。句意：当世界因为2019冠状病毒疾病而关闭时，他们意识到他们一直在远程合作，所以他们决定第一次用防范禁闭期来录制整张专辑。A.expected期待；B.admitted承认；C.realized意识到；D.concluded推断。根据下文“they had been working remotely together”，可知此处指他们意识到他们一直在远程合作。故选C。
7.考查动词词义辨析。句意：当世界因为2019冠状病毒疾病而关闭时，他们意识到他们一直在远程合作，所以他们决定第一次用防范禁闭期来录制整张专辑。A.had有；B.continued继续；C.failed失败；D.decided决定。根据下文“a whole album for the first time”可知，此处指他们决定使用此次的禁闭，来第一次开始录制专辑。故选D。
8.考查动词词义辨析。句意：当世界因为2019冠状病毒疾病而关闭时，他们意识到他们一直在远程合作，所以他们决定第一次用防范禁闭期来录制整张专辑。A.record录制；B.improve改善；C.sell出售；D.advertise登广告。根据下文“a whole album for the first time”可知，他们此次是第一次录制专辑。故选A。
9.考查动词词义辨析。句意：能够与世界另一端的人取得联系感觉很棒，因为此刻你不觉得孤独。鹿特丹保罗说。A.remember记住；B.telephone打电话；C.miss怀念；错过；D.contact联系。根据下文“these four were able to stay__14____and make something great.”可知，此处指与世界另一端的人取的联系。故选D。
10.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：能够与世界另一端的人取得联系感觉很棒，因为此刻你不觉得孤独。鹿特丹保罗说。A.tired累的；B.alone孤独的；C.sick生病的；D.angry生气的。结合前文可知，与世界另一端的人取的联系，所以在这个防范禁闭期你就不会感到孤独。故选B。
11.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于所有四个保罗来说，音乐比以往任何时候都重要。A.practical 实用的；B.different 不同的；C.impossible不可能的； D.important重要的。根据下文“I have always used music to__12___me to get through the bad times.”提到了音乐的帮助作用，所以此处指音乐在这个时期对这四个人而言的比以往更重要。故选D。
12.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我总是用音乐来帮助我度过难关。A.order订购；B.force强迫；C.help帮助；D.carry携带。根据下文“to get through the bad times”可知，此处指音乐帮助自己度过困难的时期。故选C。
13.考查副词词义辨析。句意：事实上，我认为防范禁闭期过得更快，因为我此刻正在做这件事。”鹿特丹保罗补充道。A.Gradually逐渐地；B.Actually事实上；C.Occasionally偶然地；D.Obviously显而易见地。根据下文“I think the lockdown went faster”表示个人的认知，所以此处指事实上我认为更快。故选B。
14.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在许多事情都暂停的一年里，这四个人能够保持联系，创造伟大的事业。A.quiet安静的；B.calm冷静的；C.connected联系的；D.relaxed放松的。根据前文“they 　　6　　 they had been working remotely together”可知此处指这四个人保持联系。故选C。
15.考查名词词义辨析。句意：当冠状病毒袭来时， 很多音乐家就被拒之门外。A.doors门；B.companies 公司；C.stores 商店；D.hospitals医院。结合下文“this door already”，可知此处指对音乐家们的大门关闭了。故选A。
16.考查动词短语辨析。句意：巴尔的摩保罗已经把门打开了，对吗？A.opened up开放；B.pointed to指向；C.looked at看；D.focused on集中于。结合前文“had shut on musicians,”可知此处指已经把门打开了。故选A。
17.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后我们就有了另外的目的。A.unreachable不能到达的；B.uncertain不确定的；C.limited有限的；D.extra额外的；另外的。结合前文可知，这四个人首先答应组成了一个音乐团体，而在冠状病毒爆发时期，他们决定录制第一次远程录制一个专辑。所以这个目的是成立音乐团队之外的。故选D。
18.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我觉得对我来说，这给了我很多信息，我并不是什么都不知道。A.adventures冒险；B.satisfaction满意；C.tasks任务；D.information信息。根据下文“I wasn’t locked out of __19___”可知，此处指这次疫情的爆发给了我许多提示，故选D。
19.考查不定代词词义辨析。句意同上。A.nothing没有什么；B.anything任何东西；C.everything所有东西；D.something某些东西。根据下文“we could __20__something”可知，我们可以实现某些事情，所以此处指我并不是被禁闭了所有事情。not everything“并不是所有事情”，故选C。
20.考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，尽管面临新的逆境，我们还是能够取得一些成就的。A.predict预测；B.stop停止；C.imagine想象；D.achieve实现；完成。根据下文“despite the new adversity”可知，此处指我们成就了一些事情。故选D。
第II卷
一、语法填空(共10小题;每题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In the near future, we will be living in smart homes, which will ensure our____41____(safe), save us energy and provide a more comfortable environment to live in.
In the smart homes,____42____(use) advanced technology daily for automatic control of everything will be common. Our future home will use integrated sensors to tell when we leave home and then go into an energy-efficient mode all by ____43____(it).
We will find our dinner already____44____( prepare) without turning switchs on and off ourselves. It is also amazing____45____all controls will respond to voice commands.
Smart homes can help to keep serious damage from____46____(accident). For instance, if a water pipe____47____(start) leaking, our smart home will detect it. In addition, they can help monitor our health. They can also warn us early on if we have a critical sickness and____48____(potential) save our lives.
This smart technology isn’t____49____daydream or fantasy any longer. Many new innovations have become a reality. Nevertheless, it will take a few years_____50_____most new homes start to use this new technology.
【答案】41. safety
42. using 43. itself
44. prepared
45. that 46. accidents
47. starts 48. potentially
49. a 50. before
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍的是我们未来的智能家居的相关情况。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：在不久的将来，我们将生活在智能家居中，这将确保我们的安全，节省我们的能源，并提供更舒适的居住环境。分析可知，空处应填名词作宾语，safe的名词是safety。故填safety。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在智能家居中，每天使用先进技术自动控制一切将是常见的。分析句子结构可知，此处应该是动名词短语作主语。故填using。
【43题详解】
考查代词。句意：我们未来的家将使用集成传感器来判断我们何时离开家，然后自行进入节能模式。介词by后面跟代词作宾语，且该代词指代的内容为句子主语our smart home，所以应使用反身代词。故填itself。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：我们会发现我们的晚餐已经准备好了，不需要我们自己打开或关闭开关。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作宾语补足语，动词prepare与宾语our dinner间为逻辑被动关系，使用过去分词。故填prepared。
【45题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：同样令人惊讶的是，所有控件都将响应语音命令。分析句子结构可知。此句为it作形式主语，从句作真正主语的结构，从句成分和意义都完整，应用连接词that。故填that。
【46题详解】
考查名词。句意：智能家居可以帮助防止事故造成的严重损害。介词from后面为名词作宾语，提示词accident为可数名词且无冠词或形容词性物主代词，所以应用名词的复数。故填accidents。
【47题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：例如，如果水管开始泄漏，我们的智能家居将检测到它。分析句子结构可知，该处为谓语动词，当主句使用将来时态时，条件状语从句中通常使用一般现在时态，且句子主语a water pipe为单数，与start之间为主动关系。故填starts。
【48题详解】
考查副词。句意：如果我们患有危重疾病，它们还可以及早警告我们，并可能挽救我们的生命。分析句子结构可知，此空处为副词作状语修饰动词save。故填potentially。
【49题详解】
考查冠词。句意：这种智能技术不再是白日梦或幻想。此空后名词daydream为可数名词，首次在文中出现表示泛指概念，所以使用不定冠词，且daydream首字母为辅音音素，故填a。
【50题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：尽管如此，大多数新房还需要几年时间才能开始使用这项新技术。分析句子结构可知，此处应为连词连接两个句子，结合句意可知，此处应为before表示“一段时间之后才……”；此处也可以理解为固定句型“it will be/take + some time + before…”意为“（花费）一段时间之后才……”。故填before。
二、原文填空(共10小题;每题1分，共10分)
51. Indeed, body________ are part of what we call “body language”. （根据课文内容填空）
【答案】positions
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。根据句意可知，此处为position为名词作主语，根据谓语动词are为复数可知，应该填名词复数。故填positions。
52. Like other animals, we are ________ ________ until we know it is safe to relax. （根据课文内容填空）
【答案】 ①. on ②. guard
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：像其他动物一样，我们会保持警惕，直到我们知道是安全的才会放松。根据课文内容结合句意可知，此处应为on guard意为“警惕”，在句子中作表语。故填on guard。
53. Even today, when some people have very informal styles of greeting, they still use their hands as ________ ________ ________ trust. （根据课文内容填空）
【答案】 ①. a ②. gesture ③. of
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：即使在今天，当有些人有非正式的问候风格时，他们仍然用手作为信任的姿态。根据句意可知，gesture为可数名词，表示“……的”使用介词of，a gesture of 做介词as的宾语，“作为……的姿态”应为as a gesture of。故填a gesture of。
54. People ________ ________ ________ ________ by their gestures than by their words. （根据课文内容填空）
【答案】 ①. give ②. away ③. much ④. more
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语和时态。句意：人们更多地通过他们的手势而他们的言语来传递信息。根据句意以及所给的句子可知，此处使用动词短语give away意为“泄露”，根据下文中的than以及课文内容可知，表示“更多”为much more作give away的宾语。结合句意可知，此处描述的是一个客观事实，应使用一般现在时态。故填give away much more。
三、短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
55. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下短文。短文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在此符号下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Self-protection is one of the most important skill for teenagers. But how can we protect ourselves? Here are some of my advice.
First, we should be careful when we make friends, especial on line. Second, whether we are in danger, we must call the police for help on time so that we can keep ourselves safe. Also, we ought to eat healthily and safely. Beside, we shouldn’t crowd each other when we go to upstairs or downstairs at school. Last but not least, summer is coming, and we must remember swim alone is dangerous.
In word, we need to learn how to protect yourselves and stay away from danger.
【答案】1.skill→skills 2.are→is 3.especial→especially 4.whether→when/if
5.on→in 6.Beside→Besides 7.删除upstairs前的to 8.swim→swimming
9.在In后加a 10.yourselves→ourselves
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。作者在本文中告诉我们如何保护我们自己安全。
【详解】1.考查名词。句意：自我保护是青少年最重要的技能之一。分析可知，skill是可数名词，前面有one of 结构，意为“其中之一”，因此此处应用名词的复数形式。故将skill改为skills。
2.考查主谓一致。句意：以下是我的一些建议。分析句子可知，advice是主语，意为“建议”，是不可数名词，后面的谓语动词应用单数形式。故将are改为is。
3.考查副词。句意：首先，我们在交朋友时应该小心，尤其是在网上。分析句子可知，此处应用副词作状语修饰介词短语on line，表示强调。故将especial改为especially。
4.考查连词。句意：其次，当/如果我们处于危险中，我们必须及时报警求助，这样我们才能保证自己的安全。分析句子可知，此处应用连词引导状语从句，whether引导让步状语从句，意为“无论、不管”，不符合语意。再结合语意可知，此处应是时间状语从句或条件状语从句，表示为“当……”或“如果……”。故将whether改为when/if。
5.考查介词。句意：其次，当/如果我们处于危险中，我们必须及时报警求助，这样我们才能保证自己的安全。分析句子可知，此处考查固定短语in time，意为“及时”，而on time意为“准时”，不符合语意，应用in time。故将on改为in。
6.考查副词。句意：另外，我们在学校上下楼时不应该拥挤。分析句子可知，此处应用副词作状语修饰后面整个句子，且此处表示递进关系，beside是介词，意为“在旁边”，不符合语意。故将Beside改为Besides。
7.考查固定短语。句意：另外，我们在学校上下楼时不应该拥挤。分词句子可知，此处考查固定短语go upstairs，意为“上楼”，且upstairs是副词，前面不用介词to修饰。故删除upstairs前的to。
8.考查动名词。句意：最后但同样重要的是，夏天来了，我们必须记住独自游泳是危险的。分析句子可知，remember是谓语动词，其后是一个省掉了连词that的宾语从句，从句谓语是is，故此处是动名词做主语。故将swim改为swimming。
9.考查固定短语。句意：总之，我们需要学会如何保护自己，远离危险。分析句子可知，此处考查固定短语in a word，意为“总之”。故在In后加a。
10.考查人称代词。句意：总之，我们需要学会如何保护自己，远离危险。分析句子可知，we是句子主语，protect后的反身代词与主语应是同一人，故应用反身代词ourselves。故将yourselves改为ourselves。
四、书面表达(满分25分)
56. 假如你是李华，你的英国朋友Jack在网上看到一篇关于中国环境持续改善的报道，对此感到非常好奇，发来邮件询问你所在地的情况，请你根据以下内容写一封回信：
1. 环境的变化；
2. 所采取的措施；
3. 个人感受。
注意： 1. 词数100左右；
2. 首句已给出，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Jack,
I’m glad to hear from you last week. Since you are interested in the continuous improvement of China’s environment, I’m writing to introduce it to you.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】范文：
Dear Jack,
I’m glad to hear from you last week. Since you are interested in the continuous improvement of China’s environment, I’m writing to introduce it to you.
In recent years, our government has attached much greater importance to the development of the environment, making it quite different from the past. On the one hand, they have made relevantlaws and regulations and put large amounts of money to the environmental protection. On the otherhand, popularized education as well as international cooperation is being carried out.
As for myself, I should take the responsibility to dedicate myself to sustainable development. Our future and the lives of our children and our grandchildren won’t be in danger if we all realize the problem and do something we can in our daily life.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友Jack写一封回信，告诉他中国环境的变化、采取的措施以及个人感受。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
承担起责任：take the responsibility→shoulder the responsibility
致力于：dedicate→devote
意识到：realize→be aware of
日常生活：daily life→everyday life
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In recent years, our government has attached much greater importance to the development of the environment, making it quite different from the past.
拓展句：In recent years, our government has attached much greater importance to the development of the environment, which makes it quite different from the past.
【点睛】【高分句型1】In recent years, our government has attached much greater importance to the development of the environment, making it quite different from the past. (运用现在分词作状语)
【高分句型2】Ourfutureandthelivesofourchildrenandourgrandchildrenwon’tbeindangerifweallrealizetheproblemanddosomethingwecaninourdailylife. (运用了if引导的条件状语从句)
听力答案：1—5 ACABB 6—10 CCBA 11—15 CABCA 16—20 CAABC