2022-2023学年天津市河西区实验中学高二上学期末英语试卷（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年天津市河西区实验中学高二上学期末英语试卷（解析版），共23页。

高二年级英语学科
Ⅰ. 单项选择(每题1分，满分15分)
1. The fashion designer ______ her achievements to the goal she set, the education she received from the college, and above all, the efforts she made.
A. attaches B. compares C. devotes D. owes
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个时装设计师把她的成就归功于她设定的目标、她从大学接受的教育，最重要的是，她所付出的努力。A. attaches 附加、使附属；；B. compares 对比、比较；C. devotes 奉献；D. owes 欠；owe...to...把……归因于……。根据句意可知，这个时装设计师设定的目标、接受的大学教育和所付出的努力，都应该是她取得成绩的原因，所以用“owe...to...”符合句意。故选D。
2. The best thing about working in an open-minded team is that it feels like everyone ________ how it should operate.
A. throw in the towel B. sets in motion
C. takes responsibility for D. has a say on
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在一个思想开放的团队中工作，最好的一点是，感觉每个人都对团队应该如何运作有发言权。A. throw in the towel认输；B. sets in motion引发；C. takes responsibility for负责；D. has a say on在……有发言权。根据“open-minded team思想开明的团队”可知，每个人都“有发言权”符合句意。故选D。
3. ________ difficulties we may come across, we’ll work together to overcome them.
A. However B. Wherever C. Whatever D. Whenever
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论我们遇到什么困难，我们都会共同努力克服。A. However无论多么；B. Wherever无论何地；C. Whatever无论什么；D. Whenever无论何时。分析可知，空处引导让步状语从句，修饰名词difficulties，且意为“无论什么”应用whatever。故选C。
4. Now it is generally accepted that the countries with different social systems can ________ each other peacefully.
A. coexist with B. die out C. carry out D. bring forth
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：现在人们普遍认为，不同社会制度的国家可以和平共处。A. coexist with共处；B. die out灭绝；C. carry out实施，执行；D. bring forth产生，发表。根据“ each other peacefully”可知，此处是指不同制度的国家可以和平共处。故选A。
5. Henry devoted his life and profession to helping people without expecting anything ______.
A. in hand B. in vain C. in return D. in order
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：亨利把他的一生和事业都奉献给了帮助别人，而不期望任何回报。A. in hand 在手中、在控制中；B. in vain 徒劳、无效；C. in return 作为回报；D. in order 按顺序、井然有序。根据句意，亨利为帮助别人而奉献了一生，应该是不求回报的；结合句中“without expecting anything”（不期望任何东西）可知，“in return”符合句意。故选C。
6. Thanks to their ________ effort, the iconic building was not pulled down.
A. political B. joint C. hazy D. rigid
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：多亏他们的共同努力，这座标志性建筑没有被拆除。A. political政治的；B. joint共同的，联合的；C. hazy朦胧的，模糊的；D. rigid僵化的，死板的。结合语境可知，此处指“多亏他们的共同努力”，其他选项不符合题意。故选B项。
7. ________ is known to all that the outstanding academic atmosphere, as well as various festivals and sports, ________ many students to our school.
A. It; draws B. Which; draw C. What; draws D. As; draw
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型和主谓一致。句意：众所周知，我们学校优秀的学术氛围，以及各种节日和体育活动吸引了许多学生来我校。分析句子可知，第一空为固定句型it is known to sb. that...“众所周知……”，it是形式主语，that引导主语从句，而此空应填形式主语It；第二空考查主谓一致，主语后跟as well as等附属成分时，谓语动词的数要与前面的主语保持一致，主语atmosphere为不可数名词，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故选A项。
8. As a consequence of the spread of Covid—19, there is a growing ______ for people to work at home instead of in offices.
A routine B. tendency C. category D. evidence
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于新型冠状病毒的传播，人们越来越倾向于在家工作，而不是在办公室工作。A. routine常规；B. tendency趋势；C. category类别；D. evidence证据。结合语意，由于新型冠状病毒的传播，在家工作成为一种正在增长的趋势，空处应用名词tendency，表示“趋势”，符合题意。故选B项。
9. After school we went to the reading room to do some reading, only to be told that it ________.
A. was decorated B. had decorated C. had been decorated D. was being decorated
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：放学后，我们去阅览室看书，结果被告知正在装修。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查that引导的宾语从句中谓语动词。这句话描述的是过去的事情，表示过去正在发生的动作，句子主语it和动词decorate是被动关系，用过去进行时的被动语态，be动词用was。故选D。
10. Due to his outstanding performance during the battle against the disease, the doctor got promoted and was put ________ local medical research team.
A. in defense of B. in control of C. in contrast to D. in charge of
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：由于在与疾病的斗争中表现出色，这位医生得到了提升，并被任命为当地医学研究团队的负责人。A. in defense of防卫；B. in control of控制；C. in contrast to对比；D. in charge of负责。根据前文Due to his outstanding performance during the battle against the disease可知，该医生得到了晋升来负责当地的医疗研究团队。故选D
11. It was ________ of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried.
A. tiresome B. considerate C. patient D. generous
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：为了防止我们担心，Michal通知我们他迟到了，真是体贴。A. tiresome 讨厌的；B. considerate 体贴的、考虑周到的；C. patient 有耐心的；D. generous 慷慨的。由句意可知，Michael因为怕我们担心而通知我们他会迟到，是一种考虑周到的行为，说明他很体贴。故选B。
12. They had to ________ a small amount of money each month in order to deal with just this type of emergency.
A. lay aside B. pull out C. keep away D. take in
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他们每个月必须存一点钱，以应付这类紧急情况。A. lay aside储存……以备后用，积蓄（金钱）；B. pull out拉出；C. keep away远离；D. take in吸收。根据句意和后文“in order to deal with just this type of emergency”可知，此处指储存一些钱以备后用。故选A项。
13. —Shall I call you up at ten o’clock tomorrow morning?
—Sorry, I ________an important meeting then.
A. will be having B. will have C. am having D. had
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：——我明天上午十点钟给你打电话好吗？——对不起，那时我将有一个重要的会议。从上下文可知，明天早上10点在开会，所以是将来进行时，表示要在将来某一时间开始，并继续下去的动作。故选A项。
14. ______ himself ______ the project, the manager worked day and night.
A. Devoting; in B. Devoting; to C. Devoted; in D. Devoted; to
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词和固定搭配。句意：经理日以继夜地工作，全身心地投入到这个项目中。devote oneself to sth.是固定搭配，意为“致力于某事”，排除A和C项，且devote和逻辑主语the manager是主动关系，应用现在分词做状语，故选B。
15. We think _______ no use ________ with him.
A. it; arguing B. it; to argue C. that; arguing D. that; to argue
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查it用法和固定句型。句意：我们认为和他争辩没有用。分析句子可知，第一空用it作形式宾语，结合宾语补足语no use可知，第二空用动名词形式作真正的宾语，it’s no use doing sth是固定句型。故选A项。
Ⅱ. 完形填空(每题1.5分，满分30分)
Once upon a time there lived a king who ruled a prosperous kingdom. The people of the kingdom lived a ____16____ life.
One day, the king decided to ____17____ various places in his kingdom. He went to ____18____ places on foot.
Traveling long distances on foot was a(n) ____19____ experience for the king. He got to ____20____ with his people and learn about their life and problems. Many people were very ____21____ to meet the king and expressed how they were very happy under his rule.
However, the king wasn’t ____22____ long walks. He got severe ____23____ in his leg as he walked through rough paths. He ____24____ to his ministers that the stony roads weren’t comfortable. The king also expressed his ____25____ for the people who had to walk along those roads every day. For the convenience of the people, the king ordered to cover all the roads in his kingdom with ____26____. The king believed that this would make his people’s lives more ____27____.
The ministers were ____28____ by the king’s crazy order. Not only was the king’s fantasy of leather roads expensive, it would ____29____ the lives of many cattle to get sufficient leather.
The wise king’s advisor came to the king with a better ____30____. He measured the king’s feet and made a nice pair of ____31____ leather shoes. He made the king wear these shoes and walk on the ____32____ paths. The king admired them and did not feel any pain while walking. The king was ____33____ for the genius idea that saved money and thousands of cattle’s lives.
Many times, we blame things around us for the ____34____ in our lives and never remember to look inside ourselves. Remember, it’s not the world that needs to ____35____; it’s ourselves.
16. A. poor B. happy C. tough D. busy
17. A. visit B. pass C. enter D. help
18. A. separate B. traditional C. remote D. rich
19. A. wonderful B. successful C. relaxing D. disappointing
20. A. live B. share C. deal D. interact
21. A. nervous B. hopeful C. excited D. afraid
22. A. worried about B. used to C. interested in D. bored with
23. A. cuts B. wounds C. injuries D. pains
24. A. complained B. explained C. lied D. admitted
25. A. love B. concerns C. respect D. expectations
26. A. stone B. earth C. sand D. leather
27. A. convenient B. prosperous C. flexible D. cheerful
28. A. confused B. encouraged C. attracted D. shocked
29. A. improve B. attack C. protect D. cost
30. A. excuse B. idea C. project D. reason
31. A. beautiful B. comfortable C. warm D. expensive
32 A. short B. wide C. rough D. even
33. A. sorry B. grateful C. ready D. desperate
34. A. losses B. stresses C. struggles D. dangers
35. A. change B. continue C. understand D. apologize
【答案】16. B 17. A 18. C 19. A 20. D 21. C 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. D 29. D 30. B 31. B 32. C 33. B 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是篇记叙文。文章讲述了很久以前，一位国王步行走访国土的偏远地区，因长时间走在石头路上而造成了双腿疼痛，想到自己国家的百姓，他提出了用皮革来铺路的想法，这个昂贵且要牺牲上万头牛的想法最终被一名顾问以制作皮鞋的天才想法而代替，得到了国王的赞许和感激。
【16题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：王国的百姓们过着幸福的生活。A. poor 穷的；B. happy 幸福的；C. tough 艰难的；D. busy 忙碌的。根据第一段“Once upon a time there lived a king who ruled a prosperous kingdom.”（从前有一个国王，他统治着一个繁荣的王国。）和第三段“ expressed how they were very happy under his rule.”（表达了他们在他的统治下是多么幸福。）可知这个王国非常繁荣，百姓在国王的统治下生活幸福。故选B。
【17题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，国王决定到他王国的各个地方去看看。A. visit 参观、拜访；B. pass 经过；C. enter 进入；D. help 帮助。根据下一句“He went to 3 places on foot.”可知，国王是要去走访一下他的国土。故选A。
【18题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他步行到偏远的地方去。A. separate 单独的；B. traditional 传统的；C. remote 遥远的、偏远的；D. rich 富有的。根据第三段首句的“Traveling long distance on foot”（徒步长途旅行）可知，国王是要步行去很远的地方。故选C。
【19题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：徒步长途旅行对国王来说是一次美好的经历。A. wonderful 美好的；B. successful 成功的；C. relaxing 令人放松的；D. disappointing 令人失望的。根据下文的“Many people were very 6 to meet the king and expressed how they were very happy under his rule.”（许多人见到国王都非常激动，并表示在他的统治下他们是多么幸福。）可知，通过这次走访，国王知道了百姓生活幸福，自己深受爱戴，因此这次经历非常美好。故选A。
【20题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他与百姓相互交流，了解他们的生活和问题。A. live 生活、居住；B. share 分享；C. deal 解决；D. interact 互动、交流。根据句中“learn about their life and problems ”可知，国王是通过和百姓的交流而了解了他们的生活和问题。故选D。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：许多人见到国王都非常激动，并表示在他的统治下他们是多么幸福。A. nervous 紧张的；B. hopeful 有希望的；C. excited 激动的；D. afraid 害怕的。根据句中“happy”可知，百姓表示在国王的统治下生活得很幸福，所以他们见到国王应该是开心的、激动的。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查形容词短语辨析。句意：然而，国王不习惯长时间的步行。A. worried about 担心的；B. used to 习惯于；C. interested in 对……感兴趣；D. bored with 对……感到厌烦。根据下一句“He got severe　8　 in his leg as he walked through rough paths. ”和“the stony roads weren’t comfortable”可知，他长时间走在坚硬的石头路上会造成腿疼，很不舒服；结合常识，国王一般很少会步行这么远的路，所以他应该是不习惯。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他走过崎岖的小路时，他的腿剧烈疼痛。A. cuts 割伤；B. wounds 伤处；C. injuries受伤；D. pains 疼痛。根据倒数第二段“The king admired them and did not feel any pain while walking. ”（国王很欣赏他们，走路一点儿都不觉得疼了。）中的“pain”可知，国王长时间走在这种崎岖的小路上，腿会剧烈疼痛。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他向大臣们抱怨石头路不舒服。A. complained 抱怨；B. explained 解释；C. lied 说谎；D. admitted 承认。根据上一句“He got severe pains in his leg as he walked through rough path”可知，国王走在石头路上腿很疼，所以这里应该是向大臣们抱怨自己的痛苦。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：国王还表达了他对每天不得不在这些道路上行走的人们的担忧。A. love 爱、热爱；B. concerns 关心、担忧；C. respect 尊敬；D. expectations 期望。根据前文“He got severe pains in his leg”可知，国王因长时间在石头路上行走而引起腿疼；结合下文的“ For the convenience of the people”（为了人民的方便）可知，他希望百姓出行能够更加方便，因此他应该是担心那些每天都要在这种路上走路的人们。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了人民的方便，国王下令在他王国的所有道路上都铺上皮革。A. stone 石头；B. earth 泥土；C. sand 沙子；D. leather 皮革。根据第五段“Not only was the king’s fantasy of leather roads expensive, ”（国王幻想的皮革道路不仅昂贵）中的“leather”可知，国王是下令用皮革铺路。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：国王相信这将使他的人民生活得更便利。A. convenient 方便的、便利的；B. prosperous 繁荣的；C. flexible 灵活的；D. cheerful 欢快的。根据上一句的“For the convenience of the people,”中的“convenience”可知，国王是希望人民能够生活得便利，所以这里应该是指“更加便利”。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大臣们对国王疯狂的命令感到震惊。A. confused 困惑的；B. encouraged 受到鼓励的；C. attracted 被吸引的；D. shocked 感到震惊的。根据句中“crazy”可知，大臣们认为国王的这一命令是很疯狂的，所以“感到震惊”符合语境。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：国王幻想的皮革道路不仅昂贵，它还将牺牲许多牛的生命来获得足够的皮革。A. improve 提高、改善；B. attack 攻击；C. protect 保护；D. cost 花费、以……为代价；cost one’s life 牺牲生命。根据句意可知，国王希望用皮革铺路，而皮革是来自牛身上的牛皮，因此要想获得皮革，就要宰杀很多的牛，牺牲牛的生命。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：聪明的顾问带着一个更好的主意来见国王。A. excuse 借口；B. idea 主意；C. project 项目、计划；D. reason 原因。根据下文的“The king was 18 for the genius idea ”中的“idea”可知，这个顾问提出了一个更好的主意。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他量了国王的脚，做了一双舒适的皮鞋。A. beautiful 漂亮的；B. comfortable 舒适的；C. warm 暖和的；D. expensive 昂贵的。根据第四段“He complained to his ministers that the stony roads weren’t comfortable. ”可知，国王当初是因为石头路不舒服而抱怨的，所以这里应该是给他做一双舒适的皮鞋。故选B。
32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他让国王穿上这双鞋，走在崎岖的小路上。A. short 短的；B. wide 宽的；C. rough 粗糙的、不平的；D. even 平坦的。根据第四段“He got severe pains in his leg as he walked through rough paths.”中的“rough”可知，国王就是因为在这种不平的石头路上走而造成腿疼，所以在制作了一双皮鞋后，顾问让国王再次在崎岖的小路上行走，来感受一下鞋子是否舒适。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：国王对这个节省了金钱和成千上万头牛的生命的天才想法非常感激。A. sorry 抱歉的；B. grateful 感激的；C. ready 有准备的；D. desperate 绝望的。根据上一句“The king admired them and did not feel any pain while walking. ”可知，国王非常喜欢新皮鞋，穿上它走路腿不会疼痛，这个想法不需要花太多的钱，也不需要牺牲上万头牛的生命，所以国王应该是非常感激的。故选B。
34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：很多时候，我们把生活中的困难归咎于周围的事情，却从不记得审视自己。A. losses 损失；B. stresses 压力；C. struggles 困难、斗争；D. dangers 危险。根据全文可知，文章讲述的是国王在长途步行中因石头路引发腿疼而遇到的难题，最终得以完美的解决的过程，所以这里应该是指生活中遇到的“困难”。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：记住，需要改变的不是这个世界，是我们自己。A. change 改变；B. continue 继续；C. understand 理解；D. apologize 道歉。根据上一句的“never remember to look inside ourselves”可知，作者认为我们遇到困难应该要学会审视自己，找到自己的不足，从而改变自己，而不需要改变世界。故选A。
Ⅲ. 阅读理解(每题2分，满分40分)
A
How to Use a Modern Public Library
Has it been a while since your last visit to a public library? If so, you may be surprised to learn that libraries have changed for the better. It’s been years since they were dusty little rooms with books. They have transformed themselves into places where you can develop your love of knowledge meet interesting people, or find out how to start a business.
Check out a book. While libraries still loan out(出借)books, you’ll find it easier to get a copy of whatever you’re looking for, thanks to a cooperative network of area libraries. Via such networks, libraries share their books with each other through the use of delivery vehicles. Once the book you’ve requested is delivered to the nearest branch, they will inform you by e-mail, so you can pick it up.
Check out other items. The library is now a multimedia zone, loaded with information in many formats(载体形式). You can borrow movies on DVDs, music on CDs, and popular magazines. Some libraries even loan out toys and games. If a popular magazine you want isn’t offered and the library keeps a list of such requests, they may bring it in when enough interest is shown.
Join targeted reading groups. Libraries will often hold reading-group sessions targeted to various age groups. Perhaps you’d like to learn a language or improve your English. The library may sponsor a language group you could join. If you have difficulties reading, ask about special reading opportunities. Your library might be able to accommodate you. And you might find it relaxing to bring your small kid to a half-hour Story Time while you sit quietly in a corner with a good book.
Start a business using the help of your local library. If you want to have a business of your own, your local library can become a launch space for it. In library books and computers, you can find information on starting a business. Many libraries will help you with locally supplied information about business management shared through chambers of commerce(商会)and government agencies, and they will offer printing, faxing and database services you need.
36. Public libraries connected by a cooperative network benefit readers by______.
A. sharing their books on the Internet
B. giving access to online reading at a library branch
C. sending a needed book to a library branch nearby
D. making the checkout procedures diverse
37. According to Paragraph 3, what items may be checked out from a public library?
A. A magazine and an e-book.
B. A game and an oil painting.
C. A music CD and a kid’s toy.
D. A DVD and a video player
38. As is described in Paragraph 4, taking a small kid to a half-hour Story Time allows ______.
A. the kid to learn a new language
B. the parent to enjoy quiet reading
C. the kid to overcome reading difficulties
D. the parent to meet their program sponsor
39. Your local library can help you start a business by ______.
A. providing relevant information and supporting services
B. offering professional advice on business management
C. supplying useful information of your potential buyers
D. arranging meetings with government officials
40. What is the purpose of the passage?
A. To point out the importance of public libraries.
B. To encourage people to work in public libraries.
C. To introduce the improved services of public libraries.
D. To call for the modernization of public library systems.
【答案】36. C 37. C 38. B 39. A 40. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何使用改造升级后现代公共图书馆。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Check out a book中“Via such networks, libraries share their books with each other through the use of delivery vehicles. Once the book you've requested is delivered to the nearest branch, they will inform you by e-mail, so you can pick it up.( 通过这样的网络，图书馆通过运载车辆的使用彼此分享图书。一旦你要的书送到最近的书店，他们会通过电子邮件通知你，你就可以去取了。)”可知，合作网络连接的公共图书馆通过向附近的图书馆分支机构发送所需的书籍，使读者受益。故选C项。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“You can borrow movies on DVDs, music on CDs, and popular magazines. Some libraries even loan out toys and games. ( 你可以借DVD电影、CD音乐和流行杂志。一些图书馆甚至借出玩具和游戏。)”可知，从公共图书馆可以外借DVD电影、CD音乐、流行杂志、玩具和游戏等物品。故选C项。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“And you might find it relaxing to bring your small kid to a half-hour Story Time while you sit quietly in a corner with a good book. (你可能会发现带着你的孩子去半个小时的“故事时间”是一种放松，那时你安静地坐在角落里看一本好书，)”可知，带孩子去半小时的“故事时间”，可以让父母享受安静的阅读。故选B项。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Many libraries will help you with locally supplied information about business management shared through chambers of commerce（商会）and government agencies, and they will offer printing and database services you need. (许多图书馆会通过商会和政府机构分享本地提供的商业管理信息，并提供你需要的打印和数据库服务。)”可知，你当地的图书馆可以通过提供相关信息和支持服务来帮助你创业。故选A项。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章标题How to Use a Modern Public Library（如何使用一个现代公共图书馆）和第一段中的“you may be surprised to learn that libraries have changed for the better. They have transformed themselves into places where you can develop your love of knowledge meet interesting people, or find out how to start a business.（你可能会惊讶地发现图书馆已经变得更好了。他们已经把自己变成了一个地方，在那里你可以发展你对知识的热爱，遇见有趣的人，或者发现如何创业）”。再结合几个小标题：Check out a book（借一本书）； Check out other items（借其他物品）；Join targeted reading groups（加入有针对性的阅读小组）；Start a business using the help of your local library（在当地图书馆的帮助下创业）可知，本文主要介绍了在经过改善后的图书馆里，人们可以做些什么，即：经过改善后的图书馆可以给人们提供什么服务。故选C。
B
Once there was a poor lady who lived on a hill near the seashore. Her husband died. She had no children and lived by herself. She was so poor that she had to work hard every day.
But one night as she sat at the table, the lady said to herself, “I wish I could be of some use to the world. Why can't I do good to someone else besides myself?” At last, she came up with an idea.
She decided that she would keep a lighted lamp at the window for the sailors every night. She found that ships sometimes hit the rocks in the sea, since there was no lighthouse to warn them of the danger at night. Maybe her lamp would warn them when their ships came near the rocks on the coast.
The lady felt glad when the thought came into her mind. She found that, if she worked an hour longer each night, she could make enough money to pay for the oil for the lamp. So she worked late and made money to buy the oil and then she placed the lamp at the window each night. In this way she saved many lives.
She did this for five years without any reward, or the hope of reward. However, good deeds are often found out. The sailors whose lives had been saved began to send gifts to her from faraway countries. They sent her tea from China, cloth from India, silk from France and grapes from Spain. But the poor lady did not need these gifts to make her happy. She gave many of them to the poor and the sick.
She was happy with the thought that she was doing something good. So as long as she lived, she would light her lamp each night and place it at the window.
41. How might sailors feel when they saw the lamp at the window?
A. Nervous. B. Thankful.
C. Sorry. D. Proud.
42. How did the lady get the money to pay for the oil?
A. She sold tea and grapes to others.
B. She raised money from the sailors.
C. She got money from the government.
D. She worked one more hour each night.
43. What can we know about the lady?
A. She knew the sailors.
B. She worked on a ship.
C. She was kind-hearted.
D. She lived alone on the sea.
44. Why was the lady happy?
A. Because more and more people knew her.
B. Because she became much richer than before.
C. Because she received great reward from others.
D. Because she helped many people in her own way.
45. What's the best title for the text?
A. The Lady's Lamp B. Ships in the Sea
C. Gifts from Sailors D. Love for the Poor
【答案】41. B 42. D 43. C 44. D 45. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位独自生活的女士每天晚上在窗户上放一盏灯为船员指明靠岸的方向，而油费是她每晚多工作一个小时赚来的，她为自己能够帮助很多人感到很快乐。
【41题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段的“The sailors whose lives had been saved began to send gifts to her from faraway countries. They sent her tea from China, cloth from India, silk from France and grapes from Spain.”可知，获救的水手们开始从遥远的国度给她送去礼物。他们送她来自中国的茶，来自印度的布料，来自法国的丝绸，来自西班牙的葡萄。由此推知，当水手们看到窗户上的灯时，他们对这个女人很是感谢。故选B。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的“She found that, if she worked an hour longer each night, she could make enough money to pay for the oil for the lamp.”可知，她发现，如果她每晚多工作一个小时，她就能赚到足够的钱来支付灯的油费。即那位女士每晚多工作一个小时来赚取油费。故选D。
【43题详解】
推理判断题。根据第2题的分析可知，那位女士每晚多工作一个小时赚取油费为船员指明靠岸的方向。根据倒数第二段的“But the poor lady did not need these gifts to make her happy. She gave many of them to the poor and the sick.”可知，但是这位贫穷的女士不需要这些礼物来让她开心。她将许多礼物捐给了穷人和病人。由此推知，她心地善良。故选C。
【44题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“She was happy with the thought that she was doing something good. ”可知，想到自己在做一件好事，她就很高兴。根据第三段的“She decided that she would keep a lighted lamp at the window for the sailors every night. ”可知，她决定每天晚上在窗户上为水手们放一盏灯。由此推知，她高兴是因为她用自己的方式帮助了很多人。故选D。
【45题详解】
标题判断题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其第三段的“She decided that she would keep a lighted lamp at the window for the sailors every night. （她决定每天晚上在窗户上为水手们放一盏灯）”和最后一段的“So, as long as she lived, she would light her lamp each night and place it at the window.（因此，只要她活着，她就为每晚点亮放在窗口的灯）”可知，文章主要讲述了一位独自生活的女士每天晚上在窗户上放一盏灯为船员指明靠岸的方向，很多船员的生命因此得救，女士为自己能帮助别人而感到开心。lamp（灯）是全文的一个关键词，因此A项“女士的灯”作为标题合适。故选A。
C
Most people will experience at least one wrong medical diagnosis in their lifetime, resulting in health problems, psychological suffering and financial cost, according to a new report. Because diagnostic errors are generally discovered in retrospect(回顾), researchers said more work needs to be done to improve medical teams and find ways to avoid errors that can change people’s life in the distant future.
“Diagnosis is a collective effort that often involves a team of health care professionals---from primary care physicians to nurses.” said John Ball, chair of the committee which wrote the report. “The type of a single physician observing a patient case and deciding a diagnosis is not always accurate, and a diagnostic errors, we have to look more broadly at the entire process of how a diagnosis is made.”
The researcher, said there are not enough data on diagnostic errors, and efforts to improve diagnosis and reduce errors have not been frequent. The medical culture discourages transparency and makes it more difficult to correct them. The blame lies in cooperation and communication between members of medical teams treating patients, patients themselves, and their families. Besides this, researchers found the healthcare system is not designed for the collaboration needed in the diagnostic process and that diagnosis will continue to worsen if new ideas are not put forward.
The committee recommended more information, from electronic health records to test results, be made more easily available to families and caregivers, to help them better learn and understand what is going on with their health. Creating an environment for patients to question a diagnosis or add information about their condition could also help better influence diagnosis.
Most significantly, the researchers said methods need to be established to make communication between doctors and patients easier. Doctors are not encouraged or paid to communicate with patients as much as they should be.
46. It can be inferred from the new report that .
A. diagnostic errors have a great influence on people
B. new ways are found to avoid diagnostic errors
C. nobody can avoid those diagnostic errors
D. diagnostic errors are difficult to be found
47. Why does the medical culture make the correction of diagnostic errors so difficult?
A. For lack of advanced technological equipment
B. For lack of strict rules of managing the medial environment
C. For lack of enough professional knowledge about medicinal treatment
D. For lack of cooperation and communication between physicians, patients and their families
48. What does Para. 4 mainly talk about?
A. Researches on the diagnostic process
B. New ways to better protect patients
C. Advice on reducing diagnostic errors
D. Communication between patients and doctors
49. Why is communication between doctors and patients not much?
A. Because of the different belief
B. Because of the medical situation
C. Because of being short of money
D. Because of the current rules
50. The passage most probably comes from .
A. a hospital advertisement B. a science book
C. a medical magazine D. a research report
【答案】46. A 47. D 48. C 49. B 50. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。根据一项新的报告，大多数人一生中至少会经历一次错误的医疗诊断，导致健康问题、心理痛苦和经济损失。文章主要介绍了误诊产生的原因，弥补措施，现状，建议等。
【46题详解】
推理判段题。根据第一段中“researchers said more work needs to be done to improve medical teams and find ways to avoid errors that can change people’s life in the distant future.（研究人员表示，需要做更多的工作来改进医疗团队，并找到避免可能在遥远的未来改变人们生活的错误的方法。）”可知，诊断错误可能会改变人们的以后的人生。故选A。
【47题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“The blame lies in cooperation and communication between members of medical teams treating patients, patients themselves, and their families. ”（责任在于治疗病人的医疗团队成员之间的合作和沟通，病人自己和他们的家庭。）之所以诊断错误的矫正如此困难是由于患者，医生，患者家庭之间的不合作和交流上。故选D。
【48题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段“The committee recommended more information, from electronic health records to test results, be made more easily available to families and caregivers, to help them better learn and understand what is going on with their health. Creating an environment for patients to question a diagnosis or add information about their condition could also help better influence diagnosis.”（委员会建议更多的信息，从电子健康记录到检测结果，更容易地提供给家庭和照顾者，以帮助他们更好地了解和了解他们的健康状况。创造一个环境，让病人对诊断提出质疑，或者添加有关他们病情的信息，也可以帮助更好地影响诊断。）可知，这一段主要的是给出了几点建议，告诉读者如何去减少和弥补诊断错误。故选C。
【49题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“the researchers said methods need to be established to make communication between doctors and patients easier. Doctors are not encouraged or paid to communicate with patients as much as they should be.”（研究人员说，需要建立方法，使医生和病人之间的沟通更容易。医生与病人之间的沟通并没有得到应有的鼓励或报酬。）可知由于医疗现状不允许医生与病人有本应该多的交流。故选B。
【50题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，结合文章第一段中“Most people will experience at least one wrong medical diagnosis in their lifetime, resulting in health problems, psychological suffering and financial cost, according to a new report. ”（根据一项新的报告，大多数人一生中至少会经历一次错误的医疗诊断，导致健康问题、心理痛苦和经济损失。）进而下文解释了医疗误诊情况出现的原因分析、弥补措施，现状，建议等。可推知，文章应该是出自医学杂志，故选C。
D
I’d planned to spend my weekend in the sun, potting flowers outdoors. But that was before the pair of crows. Out of nowhere, they had set up their base camp in our backyard.
We first discovered our feathered enemies on Friday morning. It was early, and the sound the birds made travelled through our neighborhood. I figured they’d go away soon. But, no. They were getting louder and probably annoying my neighbors nearly as much as us with the noise. I admit I got a little desperate.
Then, on Sunday afternoon, I looked out the kitchen window to see our dog Quatchi staring at something on the ground. I went to explore and found a small coal-black bird in the grass. Its eyes were milky, and it stayed perfectly still as my dog inched towards it. Only when Quatchi touched his nose to its head did it walk away. I grabbed the dog and locked him inside and came back with my camera.
It never occurred to me that the young would be hanging out on the ground, growing and gaining strength as its parents guarded it from above. The second I saw this little creature I forgave the crows.
To be honest, I’ve never been much of a bird person. I also have a healthy respect for birds, and by healthy I mean slightly fear-based. They’re basically living dinosaurs.
I wish they’d chosen another backyard. There are only so many sunny days in Seattle, and I still can’t do any gardening out there. But I’m also grateful that I got to see this little bit of nature unfold up close. It’s pretty amazing.
The experience has also reinforced my desire to create a beautiful backyard garden that attracts lots of bees, butterflies, and yes, birds. They are welcome here.
51. The arrival of the two crows ________.
A. disturbed the author’s life B. frightened the author’s dog
C. angered the author’s neighbors D. damaged the author’s backyard
52. Why did the author lock her dog up?
A. She wanted to take some photos. B. The dog kept making loud noises.
C. She wanted to protect the little bird. D. The parent crows were to attack the dog.
53. After seeing the little crow, the author ________.
A. decided to take it in B. appreciated knowing its growing process
C. fell in love with the pair of crows D. planned to drive the crows away
54. By saying “They’re basically living dinosaurs” in paragraph 5, the author means ________.
A. birds are rare B. birds are very ugly
C. she is afraid of birds D. she is respectful to birds
55. The author writes the text mainly to ________.
A. show an annoying situation B. seek advice on dealing with crows
C. call on readers to protect birds D. share a personal experience
【答案】51. A 52. C 53. B 54. C 55. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是记叙文。作者讲述了自己对在后院安家的乌鸦从讨厌到怜爱的态度转变过程，也告诉我们对待小动物也要一视同仁。
【51题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的I'd planned to spend my weekend in the sun, potting flowers outdoors. But that was before the pair of crows和第二段中的They were getting louder…I admit I got a little desperate可知，这对乌鸦的到来扰乱了作者的生活。故选A。
【52题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的my dog inched towards it及Quatchi touched his nose to its head可知，作者看到小乌鸦的处境后将狗关了起来，主要是害怕狗伤害到小乌鸦。故选C。
【53题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中的It never occurred to me that the young would be hanging out on the ground, growing and gaining strength及第六段中的But I'm also grateful that I got to see this little bit of nature unfold up close可知，看到这只新孵化出来的小乌鸦后，作者对它的生长过程产生了浓厚的兴趣。故选B。
【54题详解】
句意猜测题。根据前句中I also have a healthy respect for birds, and by healthy I mean slightly fear-based.的slightly fear-based(轻微恐惧基础的)可以猜测出，作者是有点害怕鸟的。故选C。
【55题详解】
写作目的题。作者在文中讲述了一对在她家后院的乌鸦及新生的小乌鸦的故事，这些乌鸦让她对鸟的态度发生了转变，故作者主要是跟读者分享自己的经历。故选D。
Ⅳ. 阅读表达(每题2分，满分10分)
阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题
Michael Todd wore the same clothes every day for the first three weeks of school. When the other kids began to notice that he was wearing the same black pants and blue, teal, and gray long-sleeve shirt day after day, Todd, a freshman at Martin Luther King Jr. College Preparatory High School in Memphis, became the target of laughter. But there was little Todd could do. His mother simply couldn’t afford to buy him new clothes.
Two of the kids piling on were Antwan Garrett and Kristopher Graham, a pair of freshman football players. But over time, they realized that their disparaging words felt like bullying and seemed to be slowly crushing Todd’s spirit. Something finally clicked.
“I felt like I needed to do something,” Graham told CBS News. So he and Garrett hatched a plan. They went home and hunted through their own drawers and closets. The next day at school, they met Todd at their third-period class and asked him to come into the hall. Todd was understandably nervous about being called out by the larger boys.
“He wasn’t smiling or anything, and I was like, ‘I think this is going to make you smile,’ ” Graham says. “I told him, ‘We’re in the same third period, and I apologize for laughing at you, and I want to give something to you to make it up.’ ” He then handed Todd a bag. Inside were cleanshirts and shorts, plus a brand-new pair of New Balance sneakers.
Todd was blown away. “I was very happy,” he told WATN-TV. “Shocked, completely.”
And Todd got much more than a new wardrobe. He no longer sits alone at lunch. Now he eats with his new friends, Garrett and Graham.
“I’ve been bullied my entire life,” Todd told CBS News. Reflecting on the day Garrett and Graham called him into the hall, he called it “the best day of my entire life, basically.”
56. Why didn’t Michael Todd change clothes for the first three weeks of school? (No more than 10 words)
57. What does the underlined word hatched mean? (No more than 3 words)
58. What did Todd expect when asked to come into the hall? (No more than 10 words)
59. What happened on “the best day” of Todd’s entire life? (No more than 20 words)
60. How do you treat your classmates at school?. Give one example.(No more than 20 words)
【答案】56. Because his mother couldn’t afford to buy him new clothes.
57. Formed/Came up with/Thought up/Had/…
58. He thought he would be bullied/laughed at/ by Garrett and Graham.或者He thought he would be in trouble as usual
59. He was shocked to receive apology and clean shirts, shorts, sneakers from Garrett and Graham, and befriended them.
60. I respect every one of my classmates. I never laugh at them when they make mistakes.或者I regard my classmates as my friends. I share my ideas with them and we help each other.
【解析】
【分析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了Todd因为家境贫穷，在学校经常被欺负，他的Garrett和Graham在意识到自己错误后，主动送他东西并与他成为朋友，让Todd找回了自信。
【56题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段“His mother simply couldn’t afford to buy him new clothes.(他母亲根本给他买不起新衣服)”可知，他妈妈给他买不起新衣服。故答案为Because his mother couldn’t afford to buy him new clothes.
【57题详解】
考查词义猜测。根据第三段“So he and Garrett hatched a plan.(所以他和加勒特hatched一个计划)”中，与划线词搭配的名词plan和下文Antwan Garrett和Kristopher Graham给Michael Todd送衣服可知，他们是“制定了一个计划”，所以hatch 可理解为“制定、提出、想到、有了”等意思。故答案为Formed/Came up with/Thought up/Had/…
【58题详解】
考查推理判断。根据第三段“Todd was understandably nervous about being called out by the larger boys.(被年纪大的男生叫出去，Todd知道会发生什么，感到紧张)”中“understandably nervous”可推知，因为这样的情况以前经常发生，所以Todd以为他会被Garrett和Graham欺负或者嘲笑，认为自己会遇到麻烦 。故答案为He thought he would be bullied/laughed at/ by Garrett and Graham.
【59题详解】
考查细节理解。根据根据第段“I told him, ‘We’re in the same third period, and I apologize for laughing at you, and I want to give something to you to make it up.’  He then handed Todd a bag. Inside were clean shirts and shorts, plus a brand-new pair of New Balance sneakers.(我告诉他，‘我们同在三年级，我为嘲笑你而道歉，我想给你一些东西来弥补。’然后他递给托德一个包。里面有干净的衬衫和短裤，还有一双新百伦运动鞋)”和最后一段“Reflecting on the day Garrett and Graham called him into the hall, he called it ‘the best day of my entire life, basically.’ (回想起加勒特和格雷厄姆把他叫到大厅的那一天，他说那基本上是‘我一生中最美好的一天’) ”可知，Todd认为那是一生中最美好的一天是因为他收到Garrett and Graham给他的道歉和礼物，并与他们成为了朋友。故答案为He was shocked to receive apology and clean shirts, shorts, sneakers from Garrett and Graham, and befriended them.
【60题详解】
考查语言表达。在学样里我都是尊重班上每一个同学，在他们犯错时从不嘲笑他们；我把同学看作朋友，与他们分享我的想法并互相帮助。故答案为I respect every one of my classmates. I never laugh at them when they make mistakes.或者I regard my classmates as my friends. I share my ideas with them and we help each other.
V. 单词默写(每题0.5分，满分5分)
汉译英
61. 投入，花费 n. ______
62. 分歧，分裂 n. ______
63. 占用，占去 v. ______
64. 构想，设想 n. ______
65. 易懂的 adj. ______
66. 弥补，补偿 v. ______
67. 倒坍；塌下 v. ______
68. 濒临灭绝的 adj. ______
69. 估计，估算 v. ______
70. 贪婪的 adj. ______
【答案】61. expense
62. disagreement
63. occupy 64. conception
65. lucid或understandable
66. compensate
67. collapse
68. endangered
69. estimate
70. greedy
【解析】
【61题详解】
“投入，花费”英文表达为expense，名词词性。故填expense。
【62题详解】
“分歧，分裂”英文表达为disagreement，名词词性，故填disagreement。
【63题详解】
“占用，占去”英文表达为occupy，动词词性，故填occupy。
【64题详解】
“构想，设想”英文表达为conception，名词词性，故填conception。
【65题详解】
“易懂的”英文表达为lucid或understandable，形容词词性，故填lucid或understandable。
【66题详解】
“弥补，补偿”英文表达为compensate，动词词性，故填compensate。
【67题详解】
“倒坍；塌下”英文表达为collapse，动词词性，故填collapse。
【68题详解】
“濒临灭绝的”英文表达为endangered，形容词词性，故填endangered。
【69题详解】
“估计，估算”英文表达为estimate，动词词性，故填estimate。
【70题详解】
“贪婪的”英文表达为greedy，形容词词性，故填greedy。