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2022-2023学年天津市弘毅中学高二上学期期末英语试卷（解析版）
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这是一份2022-2023学年天津市弘毅中学高二上学期期末英语试卷（解析版），共19页。试卷主要包含了0分）等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年天津市高二（上）期末英语试卷
题号
一
二
三
四
总分
得分
注意事项:
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第I卷（选择题）
一、单选题（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
1. -Are you going to take part in the speech contest？
-_______ It's too good an opportunity to miss.（ ）
A. No problem! B. That's for sure.
C. Why me？ D. Why bother？
2. It's not an urgent matter.Let's ______ it ______ for the moment.（ ）
A. take...over B. lay...aside C. max...out D. bring...forth
3. The doctor will have a monitor _________ to your stomach so that she can listen to the baby's heart.（ ）
A. attaching B. being attached C. attached D. to be attached
4. It was reported that an agreement ______ between the two companies and that they would carry out a project together.（ ）
A. had reached B. has reached
C. had been reached D. has been reached
5. She was greatly surprised when her brother ________ at the door，whom she hadn't seen for years.（ ）
A. popped up B. carried on C. set out D. turned over
6. When I came back home for the summer holiday，I found that my room______up.（ ）
A. cleaned B. was cleaned
C. had cleaned D. had been cleaned
7. MSF is an independent organization _________ mission is to provide medical care to those affected by conflicts，epidemics or disasters.（ ）
A. which B. when C. where D. whose
8. Be careful with the plate；it's very ______.（ ）
A. delicate B. suitable C. organic D. rewarding
9. Please don't call me between 8：00 and 10：00 tomorrow.I ______ my class then.（ ）
A. will have B. will be having C. have had D. was having
10. I believe ______ no use reading without full understanding.（ ）
A. that B. this C. it D. you
11. We should try our best to complete the project,_____ the cost.（ ）
A. however B. no matter whatever
C. whatever D. whichever
12. The city plans to make 50，000 bicycles_________for rent to reduce pollution and ease traffic jams.（ ）
A. convenient B. suitable C. available D. accurate
13. The whole clinic was ______ after the COVID-19 patient was sent to the specialist hospital.（ ）
A. expanded B. disinfected C. dedicated D. clarified
14. Too much ______ to strong sunlight may increase the risk of skin cancer.（ ）
A. exposure B. commitment C. comparison D. mixture
15. The Internet provides the students with easy ______ to sufficient resources，from which they can always find what they need.（ ）
A. security B. access C. contrast D. vision
二、阅读理解（本大题共10小题，共25.0分）
A
I parked outside the grocery store that weekend，still tired after another stressful week of work.I'm an accountant，and it was the middle of busy season，which meant tight deadlines and crazy hours.A long weekend was coming up，and a friend suggested that I relax at a nearby woman recover center.I moved through the passageway with my shopping cart，hurrying to beat out a few others who were heading for the already long checkout line.It took me more than an hour to finish the shopping.
When I got back to my car，groceries in hand，I found a note on my car.In beautiful handwriting and blue ink，the writer explained that her car had scraped（刮擦）my Honda Civic when she pulled into the space next to mine. "I'm sorry!" she wrote，and added her insurance policy（保险单）number and cell phone number.At the bottom，she signed her name，Elyse.
What an honest person！I was quite surprised.Few people act like that nowadays.Most people would have just driven away.A few weeks later I got the for the repair：＄ 1，500!There's no way she'll pay this much，I thought.I picked up that note with the beautiful blue script and dialed the number，ready for an argument.
"Hello？" Elyse answered cheerily. "Hi，you left a note on my car？" I began.But even when she heard how much the bill was going to be，Elyse still sounded just like she had in her note，so friendly—and calm.How was it possible for her to be like that？I wondered.Believe it or not，I got the money for the repair.
When the busy period at work finally passed，I decided to go to the recover center that my friend had suggested.I had my doubts if it would help，but it couldn't hurt，right？
Checking in at the front desk，I looked through the guest book，looking for a blank spot to write my name.Finally，I reached the last page.There，at the top，in the same perfect handwriting that she had used in her note to me，was Elyse's name.
16. The author got her car scraped when she was ______ .
A. parking her car outside the grocery store
B. doing some shopping in the grocery store
C. was driving to the grocery store
D. on her way to the woman recover center
17. From the passage we learn that ______ .
A. Elyse is a woman who is difficult to deal with
B. anyone who scrapes others' car should write down his name and address
C. the grocery store where the author did shopping was not busy
D. the author didn't expect Elyse could pay for the repair voluntarily
18. Which of the following description about the author is correct？ ______
A. She is an accountant and usually very busy.
B. She is always too busy to make any friends.
C. She is quite selfless and likes helping others.
D. She is poor and always trying to get money from others.
19. Which of the following word can replace the underlined word "estimate" in Paragraph 3？ ______
A. A fixed amount. B. A repair price.
C. A guessed amount. D. An exact price.
20. From the end of the story we may infer that ______ .
A. Elyse is the boss of the woman recover center
B. the author would return the money for the repair to Elyse
C. the author is eager to learn perfect handwriting from Elyse
D. the author may meet Elyse and they might become friends
B
Do you ever notice how stress and mental frustration can affect your physical abilities？When you are worried about something at work，do you find yourself more tired at the end of the day？This phenomenon is a result of the activation of a specific area of the brain when we attempt to participate in both physical tasks and mental tasks .
Ranjana Mehta，Ph.D.，assistant professor at the Texas A&M Health Science Center School of Public Health，carried out a study examining the relationship between physical and mental tiredness and brain behavior.The study showed that if we attempt mental tasks while doing physical tasks，we activate specific areas，called the prefrontal cortex （PFC）（前额皮质）， in our brain.
This can cause our bodies to become tired much sooner than if we were only participating in a physical task.The brain is just like any other biological tissue （组织），because it can be overused and can suffer from tiredness.
"Existing examinations of physical and mental tiredness have been used to study muscular and biomechanical （生物力学的） changes，" said Mehta. "The purpose of this study was to examine the influence on the PFC while we compare the changes in brain behavior with traditional measures of tiredness."
According to Mehta，study findings show that there were lower blood oxygen levels in the PFC following combined physical and mental tiredness compared to that of just physical tiredness conditions.Through simultaneous examination of the brain and muscle function it is obvious that when we participant in highly cognitive tasks，brain resources are divided which may speed up the development of physical tiredness.
It is critical that researchers consider the brain as well as the body when examining tiredness development and its influence on the body.This can provide us with a total understanding of what is happening to the body when we perform our daily activities. "Not a lot of people see the value in looking at both the brain and the body together，" said Mehta. "However，no one does purely physical or mental work；they always do both."
21. What does the passage mainly tell us？ ______
A. Influence of stress and mental frustration on tiredness development.
B. Influence of stress and mental frustration on mental abilities.
C. Influence of mental work on tiredness development.
D. Influence of physical work on mental abilities.
22. What does the underlined word "simultaneously" in the first paragraph probably mean？ ______
A. At the same time. B. One by one.
C. Step by step. D. Over and over again.
23. It can be inferred that Ranjana Mehta's study has little to do with ______ .
A. tiredness in the body B. brain behavior
C. mental tiredness D. mental diseases
24. The brain is not an exception in the body when it ______ .
A. is used to complete a specific task
B. suffers from tiredness caused by overuse
C. becomes tired much sooner
D. is examined from a physical view
25. According to Mehta，one of the study's aims was to find ______ .
A. how the combination of physical and mental tasks affects the PFC
B. the differences between brain behavior and traditional measures
C. why changes in brain behavior influence the PFC
D. muscular and biomechanical changes
三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）
Jenna，a popular girl from Westwood Middle School，had graduated first in her class and was ready for new (26) in high school．
(27)，high school was different．In the first week，Jenna went to tryouts （选拔赛） for cheerleaders （拉拉队队员）．She was competing against very talented girls，and she knew it would be (28) for her to be selected．Two hours later，the (29) read a list of the girls for a second tryout．Her heart (30) as the list ended without her name．Feeling (31)，she walked home carrying her schoolbag full of homework．
Arriving home，she started with math．She had always been a good math student，but now she was (32)．She moved on to English and history，and was (33) to find that she didn't have any trouble with those subjects．Feeling better，she decided not to (34) math for the time being．
The next day Jenna went to see Mrs．Biden about being on the school (35)．Mrs．Biden wasn't as (36) as Jenna．"I'm sorry，but we have enough (37) for the newspaper already．Come back next year and we'll talk then．"Jenna smiled (38) and left．"Why is high school so (39)？"she sighed．
Later in (40) class，Jenna devoted herself to figuring out the problems that had given her so much (41)．By the end of class，she understood how to get them right．As she gathered her books，Jenna decided she'd continue to try to (42) at her new school．She wasn't sure if she'd succeed，but she knew she had to (43)．High school was just as her mom had said："You will feel like a small fish in a big pond (44) a big fish in a small pond．The challenge is to become the (45) fish you can be．"
26. A. processes B. decision C. challenges D. exercises
27. A. Therefore B. However C. Otherwise D. Besides
28. A. difficult B. easy C. boring D. interesting
29. A. editor B. boss C. candidate D. judge
30. A. jumped B. sank C. stopped D. raced
31. A. strange B. happy C. awful D. lonely
32. A. struggling B. improving C. working D. complaining
33. A. ashamed B. disappointed C. shocked D. relieved
34. A. put up B. prepare for C. worry about D. give up
35. A. committee B. newspaper C. radio D. team
36. A. enthusiastic B. artistic C. sympathetic D. realistic
37. A. speakers B. readers C. cheerleaders D. writers
38. A. widely B. weakly C. excitedly D. brightly
39. A. similar B. ordinary C. different D. familiar
40. A. physics B. history C. English D. math
41. A. pleasure B. hope C. trouble D. sorrow
42. A. fit in B. look out C. stay up D. get around
43. A. swim B. try C. ask D. escape
44. A. in return for B. in case of C. in terms of D. instead of
45. A. slimmest B. smallest C. best D. gentlest
第II卷（非选择题）
四、阅读表达（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）
46. Teamwork is an important part of the health and fitness program at Spirit Club，where most of the participants have disabilities.
Jared Ciner created the program two years ago， "Our main focus is the same thing as any other gym's，which is to help people be active and healthy，but the difference is that we do change a little bit to make sure that it is right pace for the people we are working with，so that everybody can follow along."
Ciner used to work as a director for a local organization aimed at helping people with disabilities and as a part-time personal trainer at gyms." I noticed that many of the people who I was working with who had disabilities did not exercise，struggled with weight problems，and were looking for more physical methods and more social ways，" he said.
His volunteer experience in Ethiopia working with children from very poor families helped him understand the influence of organized physical activity，too." That helped me realize how much organized physical activity can help people connect to each other and increase people's self-esteem （自尊），" Ciner said.
Classes at Spirit Club are interactive，and students can come with parents.They participate in partnered workouts and learn balance，strength，speed and agility（灵活性）.They are also encouraged to eat right.
Alan Bradshaw，who is mentally disabled，has been coming to classes for two years. "He recently lost 21 pounds，" said his mother. "He is more outgoing.When he first started，he couldn't sit on the floor，get down on the floor.He is doing that now.Great changes have happened to him and it is for him.He likes the gym because he can make friends easily and exercise at the same time，" she said.
（1）What is the main purpose of the program at Spirit Club？（ no more than 8 words）
______
（2）What was Jared Ciner before he created Spirit Club？（ no more than 15 words）
______
（3）What is Jared Ciner's view on organized physical activities？（ no more than 13 words）
______
（4）How does the underlined part in the last paragraph mean？（ no more than 2 words）
______
（5）What do you think of Spirit Club？Give reasons in your own words. （no more than 25 words）
______
答案和解析
1.【答案】B
【解析】句意：---你要参加演讲比赛吗？---那是肯定的。那是一个不能错过的好机会。A.How come？怎么回事？B.That's for sure.那是肯定的；C.No way.没门；D.Why bother？何苦呢？根据语境，说话的一方问要不要参加比赛，由下一句"那是一个不能错过的好机会。"可知，说话者的另一方会参加这个比赛，That's for sure.符合语境。
故选：B。
---你要参加演讲比赛吗？---那是肯定的。那是一个不能错过的好机会。
本题考查交际用语，交际用语体现英语的实用性和交流功能，是重要的考查形式，平时多积累一些交际用语，做题时要结合上下文做题。
2.【答案】B
【解析】A.take...over接管；接收；B.lay...aside留存；把…放在一边；C.max...out得最高分；累惨了；D.bring...forth产生；发表。根据句意"这不是紧急的事情。让我们暂时把它放在一边"，应是"留存；把…放在一边"，B项正确。
故选：B。
这不是紧急的事情。让我们暂时把它放在一边。
考查动词短语词义辨析。弄清楚各个动词短语的词义，准确地翻译句子及备选答案，然后选择最符合题意的选项。
3.【答案】C
【解析】根据句意和结构可知这句话使用"have+人或物+过去分词"，本句中monitor与attach之间是被动关系，用过去分词作宾语补足语。
故选：C。
医生会在你的胃上放一个监视器，这样她就能听到婴儿的心脏了。
过去分词是非谓语动词的一种，表示动作的被动和完成，在句中作定语、状语、表语和宾语补语，不论做什么成分，分词都必须和其中心词之间存在着逻辑上主谓关系，即被动关系。
4.【答案】C
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：据报道，两家公司之间已达成一项协议，他们将共同执行一个项目。通过分析句子可知，在报道之前协议已经达成，报道发生在过去，达成协议报道之前完成，即在过去的动作之前已经完成需使用过去完成时，且agreement与reach之间是被动关系，故用过在完成时的被动态。
故选：C。
据报道，两家公司之间已达成一项协议，他们将共同执行一个项目。
过去完成时的被动语态的结构：主语+助动词had been+及物动词的过去分词。
5.【答案】A
【解析】考查动词短语。句意：当她多年未见的弟弟突然出现在门口时，她大吃一惊。A.popped up突然出现；B.carried on继续；C.set out动身，出发；D.turned over移交，翻转。通过分析句子可知，她有多年未见弟弟，对于弟弟的到来感到吃惊。
故选：A。
当她多年未见的弟弟突然出现在门口时，她大吃一惊。
考查动词短语，弄清楚各个动词短语的含义并区别各个动词短语之间的差异，认真分析句子结构和意思，然后结合语境选择正确答案。
6.【答案】D
【解析】考查时态和语态。I found是一般过去时，此处的动作发生在found之前，因此用过去完成时，表示在过去的过去完成的动作，my room和clean之间是被动关系，因此此处用过去完成时的被动语态，即had been done。
故选：D。
当我回家过暑假时，我发现我的房间已经打扫干净了。
过去完成时的被动语态的结构：主语+助动词had been+及物动词的过去分词。
7.【答案】D
【解析】此处是定语从句，先行词等于关系词，先行词是an independent organization，与从句主语mission是所属关系，即"an independent organization's mission"，先行词在从句中作定语，用关系代词whose引导从句。
故选：D。
无国界医生组织是一个独立的组织，其使命是为受冲突、流行病或灾难影响的人提供医疗服务。
考查定语从句，要搞清楚句子成分，找出从句的先行词及从句与先行词之间的逻辑关系，把主句与从句分别翻译出来，然后依照逻辑关系把句子衔接起来。引导定语从句的关系代词有who，whom，whose，which，that等和关系副词where，when ，why等，关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成分。如果该从句中缺少主语、表语、宾语或定语，就要用关系代词来连接从句；如果从句中缺少状语，就得用关系副词来连接从句。
8.【答案】A
【解析】A.delicate脆弱的；B.suitable合适的；C.organic有机的；D.rewarding有回报的。根据上文"Be careful with the plate小心盘子"可知，下文的意思是"它很脆弱，容易摔碎"，A项符合句意。
故选：A。
小心盘子，它很脆弱。
本题考查形容词意思的辨析，弄清楚各个形容词的意思，准确的翻译出句子和备选答案，然后找到符合题意的选项。
9.【答案】B
【解析】分析句子，结合时间状语then和句意，句子应用将来进行时。B选项符合语意。
故选：B。
请不要在明天8点到10点之间给我打电话。那时我要上课了。
做题时，分析句子，结合句意和选项做出判断。
10.【答案】C
【解析】考查it作形式宾语。句意：我相信只阅读而没有充分的理解是没用的。同过分析句子可知，believe为谓语动词，it作形式宾语，no use名词作宾语补足语，真正的宾语由动名词reading without full understanding充当。
故选：C。
我相信只阅读而没有充分的理解是没用的。
考查it作形式宾语，做此类题目时要认真分析句子结构，判断句型，并熟知it的固定搭配和用法，结合选项选出最佳答案。
11.【答案】C
【解析】A.however无论怎样；B.no matter whatever（不存在这种说法，是错误的）；C.whatever无论什么；D.whichever无论哪一个。根据句意"我们应该尽我们最大努力来完成这个项目，无论代价是什么。"可知，whatever符合题意。
故选：C。
我们应该尽我们最大努力来完成这个项目，无论代价是什么。
单项选择题考查内容广泛，涉及词汇、语法、习语、日常用语等。在有限的题量中注意知识的覆盖面，设计特定的语境综合考查学生在一定语境中运用语言知识的能力。
12.【答案】C
【解析】答案：C.A.convenient 方便的；近便的；实用的；B.suitable适当的；相配的；C.available可获得的；可购得的；D.accurate精确的，根据意思C正确，
故选：C。
该市计划提供5万辆自行车出租，以减少污染和缓解交通堵塞。
此题考查形容词词义辨析，在本类型题的解题过程中需要明确句子的大概意思，明确辨析出各个形容词的含义，掌握单词的基本意义、引申意义，以及与单词相关的短语、句型，结合句意做出正确的选择。
13.【答案】B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在感染冠状病毒的病人被送往专科医院之后，整间诊所都进行了消毒。A.expanded扩大，伸展，张开；B.disinfected给...消毒；C.dedicated奉献，投入...去做；D.clarified澄清，阐明。通过分析句子可知，因病毒具有强烈的传染性，在病人被转移走后要对诊所进行消毒。
故选：B。
在感染冠状病毒的病人被送往专科医院之后，整间诊所都进行了消毒。
考查动词，弄清楚各个动词的含义并区别各个动词之间的差异，认真掌握好常用动词的主要用法及搭配，然后结合语境选择正确答案。
14.【答案】A
【解析】根据四个选项的含义，A.exposure暴露；B.commitment承诺；C.comparison比较；D.mixture混合，混合物。又根据固定搭配exposure to，意为"曝光，暴露"，符合句意的表达。
故选：A。
过度暴露在强烈的阳光下可能会增加患皮肤癌的风险。
做选择题，要根据提示词的词性和词义进行判断，同时结合句型结构和综合语法，最后做出结论。
15.【答案】B
【解析】根据各个选项的意思，A.security安全；B.access入口，通道，获得的机会；C.contrast差异，对比；D.vision想象，构想，眼力，视觉。固定搭配access to，意为"接近，有权使用，通向……的入口"，符合题意的表达。
故选：B。
互联网为学生提供了充足的资源，他们可以随时从中找到自己需要的东西。
做选择题时，要注重提示词的词性和含义，并综合句型结构及综合语法来进行判断，最终选出答案！
16~20.【答案】B、D、A、C、D
【解析】（1）B.推理判断题。根据第一段中It took me more than an hour to finish the shopping. （我花了-个多小时才买完东西。）和第二段中When I got back to my car，groceries in hand，I found a note on my car.In beautiful handwriting and blue ink，the writer explained that her car had scraped（刮擦） my Honda Civic when she pulled into the space next to mine. （当我手里拿着杂货回到车里时，我发现车上有一张纸条。写信人用漂亮的笔迹和蓝色墨水解释说，她的车开进我旁边的车位时刮擦到了我的Honda Civic。）可知，作者的汽车在在杂货店买东西时被刮坏了。故选B项。
（2）D.推理判断题。根据第三段中There's no way she'll pay this much，I thought.I picked up that note with the beautiful blue script and dialed the number，ready for an argument. （她不可能付这么多钱的，我想。我拿起那张写着漂亮蓝色脚本的纸条，拨了电话号码，准备好和她争吵。）可知，作者没有预料到Elyse能够自愿支付修理费。故选D项。
（3）A.细节理解题。根据第一段中I'm an accountant，and it was the middle of busy season，which meant tight deadlines and crazy hours. （我是一名会计，那是一个繁忙的季节，这意味着紧迫的截止日期和疯狂的工作时间。）可知，作者是一名会计，通常很忙。故选A。
（4）C.词句猜测题。划线词句后文第四段中Believe it or not，I got the money for the repair（信不信由你，我拿到修车所需要的钱。）说明作者当时还没有修车，从而推知划线词句A few weeks later I got the estimate for the repair：＄ 1，500! （几周后，我得到了修理费的estimate：1500美元! ）其中划线词汇应为"估计的费用"的意思，选项C"猜测的数量"与之意义最为接近。A.A fixed amount固定金额；B.A repair price修理费；C.A guessed amount猜测的数额；D.An exact price确切的价格。故选C项。
（5）D.推理判断题。根据最后一段Checking in at the front desk，I looked through the guest book，looking for a blank spot to write my name.Finally，I reached the last page.There，at the top，in the same perfect handwriting that she had used in her note to me，was Elyse's name.（在前台登记入住时，我翻看了一下留言簿，想找一个空白的地方写我的名字。最后，我翻到了最后一页。在这一页的最上面，写着Elyse的名字，和她写给我的字条上的字迹一样。）可以推断，作者在妇女康复中心留言簿上发现了Elyse的留言，说明Elyse也是这里的顾客，所以她有可能会遇到Elyse，并可能会和她成为朋友。故选D项。
这是一篇记叙文。讲述作者在买东西的时候，停在商场外的汽车被剐蹭，未曾谋面的剐蹭的人留下了姓名和电话号码，并且最后信守承诺，把修车钱给了作者的故事。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
21~25.【答案】C、A、D、B、A
【解析】（1）主旨大意题。根据第一段Do you ever notice how stress and mental frustration can affect your physical abilities？When you are worried about something at work，do you find yourself more tired at the end of the day？（你有没有注意到压力和精神挫折会如何影响你的身体能力？当你为工作中的某件事感到担忧时，你会发现自己在一天结束时更累吗？）可知，当你心理上有压力时，你的身体会感到更疲惫。可知，本文主要讲述的是心理任务对疲惫产生的影响。故选C。
（2）词义猜测题。根据第一段This phenomenon is a result of the activation of a specific area of the brain when we attempt to participate in both physical tasks and mental tasks .（这种现象是当我们试图同___参与身体任务和心理任务时，大脑某一个特定区域被激活的结果。）及第二段The study showed that if we attempt mental tasks while doing physical tasks，we activate specific areas，called the prefrontal cortex （PFC）（前额皮质）， in our brain.（研究表明，如果我们在做身体任务的同时尝试心理任务，我们会激活大脑中被称为前额皮质（PFC）的特定区域。）可知，划线部分的意思为"同时身体任务和心理任务"。即划线词simultaneously与A.At the same time."同时"。A.At the same time同时；B.One by one一个接一个；C.Step by step 一步一步；D.Over and over again一次又一次。故选A。
（3）推理判断题。根据第二段Ranjana Mehta，Ph.D.，assistant professor at the Texas A&M Health Science Center School of Public Health，carried out a study examining the relationship between physical and mental tiredness and brain behavior.（德克萨斯A&M健康中心公共卫生学院的助理教授Ranjana Mehta进行了一项研究，研究了身心疲惫与大脑行为之间的关系。）可知，Ranjana Mehta的研究与大脑疾病没有关系。故选D。
（4）细节理解题。根据第三段The brain is just like any other biological tissue （组织），because it can be overused and can suffer from tiredness.（大脑就会像任何其他生物组织一样，因为它会被过度使用，并且会感到疲惫。）可知，当大脑被过度使用的时候，从而感到疲惫时，大脑在身体中也不例外。故选B。
（5）推理判断题。根据第四段Existing examinations of physical and mental tiredness have been used to study muscular and biomechanical （生物力学的） changes，" said Mehta. "The purpose of this study was to examine the influence on the PFC while we compare the changes in brain behavior with traditional measures of tiredness."（ "现有的身心疲劳检查已被用于研究肌肉和生物力学变化，"Mehta说道。"这项研究的目的是检查PFC的影响，同时我们将大脑行为的变化与传统的疲劳测量进行比较。"）可知，在看来，现有的关于身心疲惫的检查已经用于研究肌肉和生物力学的变化，然而这项研究的目的是为了检查身心疲惫对PFC带来的影响。故选A。
本文为一篇说明文，主要讲述了科学家研究发现，我们在有压力和精神挫折时工作，会让我们感觉身体更加地疲惫。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
26~45.【答案】C、B、A、D、B、C、A、D、C、B、A、D、B、C、D、C、A、B、D、C
【解析】1．C 考查名词词义辨析．processes过程；decision决定；challenges挑战；exercises练习．根据The challenge is to become the best fish you can be．可知这里想说她准备在高中迎接新的挑战，故选C．
2．B 考查副词词义辨析．Therefore因此；However然而；Otherwise否则；Besides还有．根据下文high school was different可知，高中是不同的，这里表示转折关系，故选B．
3．A 考查形容词词义辨析．difficult 困难的；easy容易的；boring枯燥的；interesting有趣的．根据She was competing against very talented girls可知，竞争非常激烈，"她"要被选上有"困难"．故选A．
4．D 考查名词词义辨析．editor编辑；boss老板；candidate候选人；judge裁判员．根据read a list of the girls for a second tryout可知，宣布第二轮选拔赛名单的人应是"裁判员"．故选D．
5．B 考查动词词义辨析．jumped跳；sank下沉；stopped停止；raced赛跑．根据as the list ended without her name可知，当名单读完还没有"她"的名字的时候，"她"的心情应该是"沮丧"．故选B．
6．C 考查形容词词义辨析．strange 奇怪的；happy快乐的；awful糟糕的；lonely孤单的．根据Her heart sank as the list ended without her name可知，选拔赛失利，"她"当然怀着"不好"的心情回家．故选C．
7．A 考查动词词义辨析．struggle斗争；improve提高；work工作；complaining抱怨．根据Arriving home，she started with math．She had always been a good math student可知，此处为转折的关系，"她"以前很擅长数学，但现在不这样了．故选A．
8．D 考查形容词词义辨析．shamed 羞愧的；disappointed失望的；hocked 震惊的；relieved宽慰的．根据to find that she didn't have any trouble with those subjects可知，在"她"转学英语与历史后，发现"她"在这些科目上没有遇到麻烦，与前面的数学相比，心情当然是"轻松的"．故选D．
9．C 考查动词短语词义辨析．put up张贴；prepare for准备；worry about担心；give up放弃．这里想表达她决定暂且不担心数学了．故选C．
10．B 考查名词词义辨析．committee委员会；newspaper报纸；radio收音机；team团队．根据下文"I'm sorry，but we have enough writers for the newspaper already可知，对不起，我们的报纸有了足够的作者了．故选B．
11．A 考查形容词词义辨析．enthusiastic热情的；artistic 艺术的；sympathetic同情的；realistic现实的．这里想说Biden老师并不像Jenna一样热情．故选A．
12．D 考查名词词义辨析．speaker演讲者；reader读者；cheerleader啦啦队长；writer作者．根据"I'm sorry，but we have enough writers for the newspaper already可知，对不起，我们的报纸有了足够的作者了．故选D．
13．B 考查副词词义辨析．widely广泛地；weakly虚弱地；excitedly 兴奋地；brightly聪明地．根据"I'm sorry，but we have enough writers for the newspaper already．Come back next year and we'll talk then．"被拒绝，Jenna当然"无力"的一笑．故选B．
14．C 考查形容词词义辨析．similar相似的；ordinary普通的；different 不同的；familiar熟悉的．根据high school was different，呼应第二段第一句可知，Jenna感叹高中与初中"不同"．故选C．
15．D 考查名词词义辨析．physics物理；history历史；English英语；math数学．根据Jenna devoted herself to figuring out the problems that had given her so much trouble可知，Jenna有问题的是数学，因此，"她"是在数学课上全心解决问题．故选D．
16．C 考查名词词义辨析．pleasure快乐；hope希望；trouble困难；sorrow悲伤．根据Arriving home，she started with math．She had always been a good math student，but now she was struggling．She moved on to English and history，and was relieved to find that she didn't have any trouble with those subjects．故选C．
17．A 考查动词短语词义辨析．fit in适应；look out 向外看，当心；A．stay up熬夜；get around四处走动．这里想表达Jenna决定她继续来适应她的新学校．故选A．
18．B 考查动词词义辨析．swim游泳；try尝试；ask问；escape逃跑．根据句意："她"不确定是否会成功，但"她"知道"她"必须去"尝试"．故选B．
19．D 考查介词短语词义辨析．in return for作为回报；in case of以防，万一；in terms of就…而言；instead of相反．这里想说你会感觉自己是一条小鱼在一个大池塘里，而不是一条大鱼在一个小池塘里，instead of而不是．故选D．
20．C 考查形容词词义辨析．slimmest最苗条的；smallest最小的；best最好的；gentlest最温柔的．这里想说你所面临的挑战就是成为池塘里最好的鱼．故选C．
本文的主要内容是，这是一篇记叙文．Jenna以优异的成绩考上了高中．当她来到高中后，感觉很多事情都不顺利，甚至自己曾经很擅长的数学学习方面，也出现了很多困难，但是Jenna并没有放弃，而是不断的努力尝试，最终取得了成功．
完形填空属"综合能力应用"题型，是高考的必考题型．完形填空在高考试卷中是拉开考生得分的一道关键题型．从近几年高考完形填空题看，纯语法知识几乎不考，主要考查考生灵活运用所学词汇的能力，尤其是以考查实词或信息词为主，着重考查考生对文章的内在逻辑和整体把握能力．因此，把握句间和段落之间的内在逻辑关系，通过上下文暗示，对篇章、段落或句意的整体把握；再则，干扰项的设置与语法结构无甚关系，重在文意干扰．因此，把握文意和具体语境，通过对词义的辨析，是解完形填空的最好手段．
46.【答案】To help people be active and healthy.
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段Our main focus is the same thing as any other gym's，which is to help people be active and healthy，but the difference is that we do change a little bit to make sure that it is right pace for the people we are working with，so that everybody can follow along.（我们的主要关注点和其他健身房一样，那就是帮助人们保持活跃和健康，但不同的是，我们会做一些改变，以确保我们的节奏适合我们的训练对象，这样每个人都能跟上。）可知Spirit Club这个项目的主要目的是帮助人们保持活跃和健康故答案为：To help people be active and healthy。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段Ciner used to work as a director for a local organization aimed at helping people with disabilities and as a part-time personal trainer at gyms.（Ciner曾在当地一家旨在帮助残疾人的组织担任主管，也曾在健身房担任兼职私人教练。）可知在他创建精神俱乐部之前他曾在当地一家机构担任主管，并在健身房担任私人教练，故答案为：He worked as a director for a local organization and a personal trainer at gyms。
（3）观点态度题。根据第四段His volunteer experience in Ethiopia working with children from very poor families helped him understand the influence of organized physical activity，too." That helped me realize how much organized physical activity can help people connect to each other and increase people's self-esteem （自尊），" Ciner said.（他在埃塞俄比亚帮助贫困家庭儿童的志愿者经历也帮助他理解了有组织的体育活动的影响。"这让我意识到有组织的体育活动可以在多大程度上帮助人们相互联系，增加人们的自尊，"Ciner说。）可知Jared Ciner认为有组织的体育活动可以帮助人们相互联系，提高他们的自尊心。故答案为：It can help people connect to each other and increase their self-esteem。
（4）词义猜测题。根据最后一段When he first started，he couldn't sit on the floor，get down on the floor.He is doing that now.Great changes have happened to him and it is for him.（刚开始的时候，他不能坐在地板上，也不能趴在地板上。他现在正在做这件事。他发生了巨大的变化，这对他来说是______。）可知划线词的意思是"巨大的进步"，故答案为：great progress。
（5）开放问答题，只要符合本文大意即可，本文主要讲述了Jared Ciner两年前创建了Spirit Club的目的和意义。故答案为：I think it great.It helps people stay healthy and commuicate with each other。
这是一篇说明文，主要讲述了Jared Ciner两年前创建了Spirit Club的目的和意义。
做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
2022-2023学年天津市高二（上）期末英语试卷
题号
一
二
三
四
总分
得分
注意事项:
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第I卷（选择题）
一、单选题（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
1. -Are you going to take part in the speech contest？
-_______ It's too good an opportunity to miss.（ ）
A. No problem! B. That's for sure.
C. Why me？ D. Why bother？
2. It's not an urgent matter.Let's ______ it ______ for the moment.（ ）
A. take...over B. lay...aside C. max...out D. bring...forth
3. The doctor will have a monitor _________ to your stomach so that she can listen to the baby's heart.（ ）
A. attaching B. being attached C. attached D. to be attached
4. It was reported that an agreement ______ between the two companies and that they would carry out a project together.（ ）
A. had reached B. has reached
C. had been reached D. has been reached
5. She was greatly surprised when her brother ________ at the door，whom she hadn't seen for years.（ ）
A. popped up B. carried on C. set out D. turned over
6. When I came back home for the summer holiday，I found that my room______up.（ ）
A. cleaned B. was cleaned
C. had cleaned D. had been cleaned
7. MSF is an independent organization _________ mission is to provide medical care to those affected by conflicts，epidemics or disasters.（ ）
A. which B. when C. where D. whose
8. Be careful with the plate；it's very ______.（ ）
A. delicate B. suitable C. organic D. rewarding
9. Please don't call me between 8：00 and 10：00 tomorrow.I ______ my class then.（ ）
A. will have B. will be having C. have had D. was having
10. I believe ______ no use reading without full understanding.（ ）
A. that B. this C. it D. you
11. We should try our best to complete the project,_____ the cost.（ ）
A. however B. no matter whatever
C. whatever D. whichever
12. The city plans to make 50，000 bicycles_________for rent to reduce pollution and ease traffic jams.（ ）
A. convenient B. suitable C. available D. accurate
13. The whole clinic was ______ after the COVID-19 patient was sent to the specialist hospital.（ ）
A. expanded B. disinfected C. dedicated D. clarified
14. Too much ______ to strong sunlight may increase the risk of skin cancer.（ ）
A. exposure B. commitment C. comparison D. mixture
15. The Internet provides the students with easy ______ to sufficient resources，from which they can always find what they need.（ ）
A. security B. access C. contrast D. vision
二、阅读理解（本大题共10小题，共25.0分）
A
I parked outside the grocery store that weekend，still tired after another stressful week of work.I'm an accountant，and it was the middle of busy season，which meant tight deadlines and crazy hours.A long weekend was coming up，and a friend suggested that I relax at a nearby woman recover center.I moved through the passageway with my shopping cart，hurrying to beat out a few others who were heading for the already long checkout line.It took me more than an hour to finish the shopping.
When I got back to my car，groceries in hand，I found a note on my car.In beautiful handwriting and blue ink，the writer explained that her car had scraped（刮擦）my Honda Civic when she pulled into the space next to mine. "I'm sorry!" she wrote，and added her insurance policy（保险单）number and cell phone number.At the bottom，she signed her name，Elyse.
What an honest person！I was quite surprised.Few people act like that nowadays.Most people would have just driven away.A few weeks later I got the for the repair：＄ 1，500!There's no way she'll pay this much，I thought.I picked up that note with the beautiful blue script and dialed the number，ready for an argument.
"Hello？" Elyse answered cheerily. "Hi，you left a note on my car？" I began.But even when she heard how much the bill was going to be，Elyse still sounded just like she had in her note，so friendly—and calm.How was it possible for her to be like that？I wondered.Believe it or not，I got the money for the repair.
When the busy period at work finally passed，I decided to go to the recover center that my friend had suggested.I had my doubts if it would help，but it couldn't hurt，right？
Checking in at the front desk，I looked through the guest book，looking for a blank spot to write my name.Finally，I reached the last page.There，at the top，in the same perfect handwriting that she had used in her note to me，was Elyse's name.
16. The author got her car scraped when she was ______ .
A. parking her car outside the grocery store
B. doing some shopping in the grocery store
C. was driving to the grocery store
D. on her way to the woman recover center
17. From the passage we learn that ______ .
A. Elyse is a woman who is difficult to deal with
B. anyone who scrapes others' car should write down his name and address
C. the grocery store where the author did shopping was not busy
D. the author didn't expect Elyse could pay for the repair voluntarily
18. Which of the following description about the author is correct？ ______
A. She is an accountant and usually very busy.
B. She is always too busy to make any friends.
C. She is quite selfless and likes helping others.
D. She is poor and always trying to get money from others.
19. Which of the following word can replace the underlined word "estimate" in Paragraph 3？ ______
A. A fixed amount. B. A repair price.
C. A guessed amount. D. An exact price.
20. From the end of the story we may infer that ______ .
A. Elyse is the boss of the woman recover center
B. the author would return the money for the repair to Elyse
C. the author is eager to learn perfect handwriting from Elyse
D. the author may meet Elyse and they might become friends
B
Do you ever notice how stress and mental frustration can affect your physical abilities？When you are worried about something at work，do you find yourself more tired at the end of the day？This phenomenon is a result of the activation of a specific area of the brain when we attempt to participate in both physical tasks and mental tasks .
Ranjana Mehta，Ph.D.，assistant professor at the Texas A&M Health Science Center School of Public Health，carried out a study examining the relationship between physical and mental tiredness and brain behavior.The study showed that if we attempt mental tasks while doing physical tasks，we activate specific areas，called the prefrontal cortex （PFC）（前额皮质）， in our brain.
This can cause our bodies to become tired much sooner than if we were only participating in a physical task.The brain is just like any other biological tissue （组织），because it can be overused and can suffer from tiredness.
"Existing examinations of physical and mental tiredness have been used to study muscular and biomechanical （生物力学的） changes，" said Mehta. "The purpose of this study was to examine the influence on the PFC while we compare the changes in brain behavior with traditional measures of tiredness."
According to Mehta，study findings show that there were lower blood oxygen levels in the PFC following combined physical and mental tiredness compared to that of just physical tiredness conditions.Through simultaneous examination of the brain and muscle function it is obvious that when we participant in highly cognitive tasks，brain resources are divided which may speed up the development of physical tiredness.
It is critical that researchers consider the brain as well as the body when examining tiredness development and its influence on the body.This can provide us with a total understanding of what is happening to the body when we perform our daily activities. "Not a lot of people see the value in looking at both the brain and the body together，" said Mehta. "However，no one does purely physical or mental work；they always do both."
21. What does the passage mainly tell us？ ______
A. Influence of stress and mental frustration on tiredness development.
B. Influence of stress and mental frustration on mental abilities.
C. Influence of mental work on tiredness development.
D. Influence of physical work on mental abilities.
22. What does the underlined word "simultaneously" in the first paragraph probably mean？ ______
A. At the same time. B. One by one.
C. Step by step. D. Over and over again.
23. It can be inferred that Ranjana Mehta's study has little to do with ______ .
A. tiredness in the body B. brain behavior
C. mental tiredness D. mental diseases
24. The brain is not an exception in the body when it ______ .
A. is used to complete a specific task
B. suffers from tiredness caused by overuse
C. becomes tired much sooner
D. is examined from a physical view
25. According to Mehta，one of the study's aims was to find ______ .
A. how the combination of physical and mental tasks affects the PFC
B. the differences between brain behavior and traditional measures
C. why changes in brain behavior influence the PFC
D. muscular and biomechanical changes
三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）
Jenna，a popular girl from Westwood Middle School，had graduated first in her class and was ready for new (26) in high school．
(27)，high school was different．In the first week，Jenna went to tryouts （选拔赛） for cheerleaders （拉拉队队员）．She was competing against very talented girls，and she knew it would be (28) for her to be selected．Two hours later，the (29) read a list of the girls for a second tryout．Her heart (30) as the list ended without her name．Feeling (31)，she walked home carrying her schoolbag full of homework．
Arriving home，she started with math．She had always been a good math student，but now she was (32)．She moved on to English and history，and was (33) to find that she didn't have any trouble with those subjects．Feeling better，she decided not to (34) math for the time being．
The next day Jenna went to see Mrs．Biden about being on the school (35)．Mrs．Biden wasn't as (36) as Jenna．"I'm sorry，but we have enough (37) for the newspaper already．Come back next year and we'll talk then．"Jenna smiled (38) and left．"Why is high school so (39)？"she sighed．
Later in (40) class，Jenna devoted herself to figuring out the problems that had given her so much (41)．By the end of class，she understood how to get them right．As she gathered her books，Jenna decided she'd continue to try to (42) at her new school．She wasn't sure if she'd succeed，but she knew she had to (43)．High school was just as her mom had said："You will feel like a small fish in a big pond (44) a big fish in a small pond．The challenge is to become the (45) fish you can be．"
26. A. processes B. decision C. challenges D. exercises
27. A. Therefore B. However C. Otherwise D. Besides
28. A. difficult B. easy C. boring D. interesting
29. A. editor B. boss C. candidate D. judge
30. A. jumped B. sank C. stopped D. raced
31. A. strange B. happy C. awful D. lonely
32. A. struggling B. improving C. working D. complaining
33. A. ashamed B. disappointed C. shocked D. relieved
34. A. put up B. prepare for C. worry about D. give up
35. A. committee B. newspaper C. radio D. team
36. A. enthusiastic B. artistic C. sympathetic D. realistic
37. A. speakers B. readers C. cheerleaders D. writers
38. A. widely B. weakly C. excitedly D. brightly
39. A. similar B. ordinary C. different D. familiar
40. A. physics B. history C. English D. math
41. A. pleasure B. hope C. trouble D. sorrow
42. A. fit in B. look out C. stay up D. get around
43. A. swim B. try C. ask D. escape
44. A. in return for B. in case of C. in terms of D. instead of
45. A. slimmest B. smallest C. best D. gentlest
第II卷（非选择题）
四、阅读表达（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）
46. Teamwork is an important part of the health and fitness program at Spirit Club，where most of the participants have disabilities.
Jared Ciner created the program two years ago， "Our main focus is the same thing as any other gym's，which is to help people be active and healthy，but the difference is that we do change a little bit to make sure that it is right pace for the people we are working with，so that everybody can follow along."
Ciner used to work as a director for a local organization aimed at helping people with disabilities and as a part-time personal trainer at gyms." I noticed that many of the people who I was working with who had disabilities did not exercise，struggled with weight problems，and were looking for more physical methods and more social ways，" he said.
His volunteer experience in Ethiopia working with children from very poor families helped him understand the influence of organized physical activity，too." That helped me realize how much organized physical activity can help people connect to each other and increase people's self-esteem （自尊），" Ciner said.
Classes at Spirit Club are interactive，and students can come with parents.They participate in partnered workouts and learn balance，strength，speed and agility（灵活性）.They are also encouraged to eat right.
Alan Bradshaw，who is mentally disabled，has been coming to classes for two years. "He recently lost 21 pounds，" said his mother. "He is more outgoing.When he first started，he couldn't sit on the floor，get down on the floor.He is doing that now.Great changes have happened to him and it is for him.He likes the gym because he can make friends easily and exercise at the same time，" she said.
（1）What is the main purpose of the program at Spirit Club？（ no more than 8 words）
______
（2）What was Jared Ciner before he created Spirit Club？（ no more than 15 words）
______
（3）What is Jared Ciner's view on organized physical activities？（ no more than 13 words）
______
（4）How does the underlined part in the last paragraph mean？（ no more than 2 words）
______
（5）What do you think of Spirit Club？Give reasons in your own words. （no more than 25 words）
______
答案和解析
1.【答案】B
【解析】句意：---你要参加演讲比赛吗？---那是肯定的。那是一个不能错过的好机会。A.How come？怎么回事？B.That's for sure.那是肯定的；C.No way.没门；D.Why bother？何苦呢？根据语境，说话的一方问要不要参加比赛，由下一句"那是一个不能错过的好机会。"可知，说话者的另一方会参加这个比赛，That's for sure.符合语境。
故选：B。
---你要参加演讲比赛吗？---那是肯定的。那是一个不能错过的好机会。
本题考查交际用语，交际用语体现英语的实用性和交流功能，是重要的考查形式，平时多积累一些交际用语，做题时要结合上下文做题。
2.【答案】B
【解析】A.take...over接管；接收；B.lay...aside留存；把…放在一边；C.max...out得最高分；累惨了；D.bring...forth产生；发表。根据句意"这不是紧急的事情。让我们暂时把它放在一边"，应是"留存；把…放在一边"，B项正确。
故选：B。
这不是紧急的事情。让我们暂时把它放在一边。
考查动词短语词义辨析。弄清楚各个动词短语的词义，准确地翻译句子及备选答案，然后选择最符合题意的选项。
3.【答案】C
【解析】根据句意和结构可知这句话使用"have+人或物+过去分词"，本句中monitor与attach之间是被动关系，用过去分词作宾语补足语。
故选：C。
医生会在你的胃上放一个监视器，这样她就能听到婴儿的心脏了。
过去分词是非谓语动词的一种，表示动作的被动和完成，在句中作定语、状语、表语和宾语补语，不论做什么成分，分词都必须和其中心词之间存在着逻辑上主谓关系，即被动关系。
4.【答案】C
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：据报道，两家公司之间已达成一项协议，他们将共同执行一个项目。通过分析句子可知，在报道之前协议已经达成，报道发生在过去，达成协议报道之前完成，即在过去的动作之前已经完成需使用过去完成时，且agreement与reach之间是被动关系，故用过在完成时的被动态。
故选：C。
据报道，两家公司之间已达成一项协议，他们将共同执行一个项目。
过去完成时的被动语态的结构：主语+助动词had been+及物动词的过去分词。
5.【答案】A
【解析】考查动词短语。句意：当她多年未见的弟弟突然出现在门口时，她大吃一惊。A.popped up突然出现；B.carried on继续；C.set out动身，出发；D.turned over移交，翻转。通过分析句子可知，她有多年未见弟弟，对于弟弟的到来感到吃惊。
故选：A。
当她多年未见的弟弟突然出现在门口时，她大吃一惊。
考查动词短语，弄清楚各个动词短语的含义并区别各个动词短语之间的差异，认真分析句子结构和意思，然后结合语境选择正确答案。
6.【答案】D
【解析】考查时态和语态。I found是一般过去时，此处的动作发生在found之前，因此用过去完成时，表示在过去的过去完成的动作，my room和clean之间是被动关系，因此此处用过去完成时的被动语态，即had been done。
故选：D。
当我回家过暑假时，我发现我的房间已经打扫干净了。
过去完成时的被动语态的结构：主语+助动词had been+及物动词的过去分词。
7.【答案】D
【解析】此处是定语从句，先行词等于关系词，先行词是an independent organization，与从句主语mission是所属关系，即"an independent organization's mission"，先行词在从句中作定语，用关系代词whose引导从句。
故选：D。
无国界医生组织是一个独立的组织，其使命是为受冲突、流行病或灾难影响的人提供医疗服务。
考查定语从句，要搞清楚句子成分，找出从句的先行词及从句与先行词之间的逻辑关系，把主句与从句分别翻译出来，然后依照逻辑关系把句子衔接起来。引导定语从句的关系代词有who，whom，whose，which，that等和关系副词where，when ，why等，关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成分。如果该从句中缺少主语、表语、宾语或定语，就要用关系代词来连接从句；如果从句中缺少状语，就得用关系副词来连接从句。
8.【答案】A
【解析】A.delicate脆弱的；B.suitable合适的；C.organic有机的；D.rewarding有回报的。根据上文"Be careful with the plate小心盘子"可知，下文的意思是"它很脆弱，容易摔碎"，A项符合句意。
故选：A。
小心盘子，它很脆弱。
本题考查形容词意思的辨析，弄清楚各个形容词的意思，准确的翻译出句子和备选答案，然后找到符合题意的选项。
9.【答案】B
【解析】分析句子，结合时间状语then和句意，句子应用将来进行时。B选项符合语意。
故选：B。
请不要在明天8点到10点之间给我打电话。那时我要上课了。
做题时，分析句子，结合句意和选项做出判断。
10.【答案】C
【解析】考查it作形式宾语。句意：我相信只阅读而没有充分的理解是没用的。同过分析句子可知，believe为谓语动词，it作形式宾语，no use名词作宾语补足语，真正的宾语由动名词reading without full understanding充当。
故选：C。
我相信只阅读而没有充分的理解是没用的。
考查it作形式宾语，做此类题目时要认真分析句子结构，判断句型，并熟知it的固定搭配和用法，结合选项选出最佳答案。
11.【答案】C
【解析】A.however无论怎样；B.no matter whatever（不存在这种说法，是错误的）；C.whatever无论什么；D.whichever无论哪一个。根据句意"我们应该尽我们最大努力来完成这个项目，无论代价是什么。"可知，whatever符合题意。
故选：C。
我们应该尽我们最大努力来完成这个项目，无论代价是什么。
单项选择题考查内容广泛，涉及词汇、语法、习语、日常用语等。在有限的题量中注意知识的覆盖面，设计特定的语境综合考查学生在一定语境中运用语言知识的能力。
12.【答案】C
【解析】答案：C.A.convenient 方便的；近便的；实用的；B.suitable适当的；相配的；C.available可获得的；可购得的；D.accurate精确的，根据意思C正确，
故选：C。
该市计划提供5万辆自行车出租，以减少污染和缓解交通堵塞。
此题考查形容词词义辨析，在本类型题的解题过程中需要明确句子的大概意思，明确辨析出各个形容词的含义，掌握单词的基本意义、引申意义，以及与单词相关的短语、句型，结合句意做出正确的选择。
13.【答案】B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在感染冠状病毒的病人被送往专科医院之后，整间诊所都进行了消毒。A.expanded扩大，伸展，张开；B.disinfected给...消毒；C.dedicated奉献，投入...去做；D.clarified澄清，阐明。通过分析句子可知，因病毒具有强烈的传染性，在病人被转移走后要对诊所进行消毒。
故选：B。
在感染冠状病毒的病人被送往专科医院之后，整间诊所都进行了消毒。
考查动词，弄清楚各个动词的含义并区别各个动词之间的差异，认真掌握好常用动词的主要用法及搭配，然后结合语境选择正确答案。
14.【答案】A
【解析】根据四个选项的含义，A.exposure暴露；B.commitment承诺；C.comparison比较；D.mixture混合，混合物。又根据固定搭配exposure to，意为"曝光，暴露"，符合句意的表达。
故选：A。
过度暴露在强烈的阳光下可能会增加患皮肤癌的风险。
做选择题，要根据提示词的词性和词义进行判断，同时结合句型结构和综合语法，最后做出结论。
15.【答案】B
【解析】根据各个选项的意思，A.security安全；B.access入口，通道，获得的机会；C.contrast差异，对比；D.vision想象，构想，眼力，视觉。固定搭配access to，意为"接近，有权使用，通向……的入口"，符合题意的表达。
故选：B。
互联网为学生提供了充足的资源，他们可以随时从中找到自己需要的东西。
做选择题时，要注重提示词的词性和含义，并综合句型结构及综合语法来进行判断，最终选出答案！
16~20.【答案】B、D、A、C、D
【解析】（1）B.推理判断题。根据第一段中It took me more than an hour to finish the shopping. （我花了-个多小时才买完东西。）和第二段中When I got back to my car，groceries in hand，I found a note on my car.In beautiful handwriting and blue ink，the writer explained that her car had scraped（刮擦） my Honda Civic when she pulled into the space next to mine. （当我手里拿着杂货回到车里时，我发现车上有一张纸条。写信人用漂亮的笔迹和蓝色墨水解释说，她的车开进我旁边的车位时刮擦到了我的Honda Civic。）可知，作者的汽车在在杂货店买东西时被刮坏了。故选B项。
（2）D.推理判断题。根据第三段中There's no way she'll pay this much，I thought.I picked up that note with the beautiful blue script and dialed the number，ready for an argument. （她不可能付这么多钱的，我想。我拿起那张写着漂亮蓝色脚本的纸条，拨了电话号码，准备好和她争吵。）可知，作者没有预料到Elyse能够自愿支付修理费。故选D项。
（3）A.细节理解题。根据第一段中I'm an accountant，and it was the middle of busy season，which meant tight deadlines and crazy hours. （我是一名会计，那是一个繁忙的季节，这意味着紧迫的截止日期和疯狂的工作时间。）可知，作者是一名会计，通常很忙。故选A。
（4）C.词句猜测题。划线词句后文第四段中Believe it or not，I got the money for the repair（信不信由你，我拿到修车所需要的钱。）说明作者当时还没有修车，从而推知划线词句A few weeks later I got the estimate for the repair：＄ 1，500! （几周后，我得到了修理费的estimate：1500美元! ）其中划线词汇应为"估计的费用"的意思，选项C"猜测的数量"与之意义最为接近。A.A fixed amount固定金额；B.A repair price修理费；C.A guessed amount猜测的数额；D.An exact price确切的价格。故选C项。
（5）D.推理判断题。根据最后一段Checking in at the front desk，I looked through the guest book，looking for a blank spot to write my name.Finally，I reached the last page.There，at the top，in the same perfect handwriting that she had used in her note to me，was Elyse's name.（在前台登记入住时，我翻看了一下留言簿，想找一个空白的地方写我的名字。最后，我翻到了最后一页。在这一页的最上面，写着Elyse的名字，和她写给我的字条上的字迹一样。）可以推断，作者在妇女康复中心留言簿上发现了Elyse的留言，说明Elyse也是这里的顾客，所以她有可能会遇到Elyse，并可能会和她成为朋友。故选D项。
这是一篇记叙文。讲述作者在买东西的时候，停在商场外的汽车被剐蹭，未曾谋面的剐蹭的人留下了姓名和电话号码，并且最后信守承诺，把修车钱给了作者的故事。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
21~25.【答案】C、A、D、B、A
【解析】（1）主旨大意题。根据第一段Do you ever notice how stress and mental frustration can affect your physical abilities？When you are worried about something at work，do you find yourself more tired at the end of the day？（你有没有注意到压力和精神挫折会如何影响你的身体能力？当你为工作中的某件事感到担忧时，你会发现自己在一天结束时更累吗？）可知，当你心理上有压力时，你的身体会感到更疲惫。可知，本文主要讲述的是心理任务对疲惫产生的影响。故选C。
（2）词义猜测题。根据第一段This phenomenon is a result of the activation of a specific area of the brain when we attempt to participate in both physical tasks and mental tasks .（这种现象是当我们试图同___参与身体任务和心理任务时，大脑某一个特定区域被激活的结果。）及第二段The study showed that if we attempt mental tasks while doing physical tasks，we activate specific areas，called the prefrontal cortex （PFC）（前额皮质）， in our brain.（研究表明，如果我们在做身体任务的同时尝试心理任务，我们会激活大脑中被称为前额皮质（PFC）的特定区域。）可知，划线部分的意思为"同时身体任务和心理任务"。即划线词simultaneously与A.At the same time."同时"。A.At the same time同时；B.One by one一个接一个；C.Step by step 一步一步；D.Over and over again一次又一次。故选A。
（3）推理判断题。根据第二段Ranjana Mehta，Ph.D.，assistant professor at the Texas A&M Health Science Center School of Public Health，carried out a study examining the relationship between physical and mental tiredness and brain behavior.（德克萨斯A&M健康中心公共卫生学院的助理教授Ranjana Mehta进行了一项研究，研究了身心疲惫与大脑行为之间的关系。）可知，Ranjana Mehta的研究与大脑疾病没有关系。故选D。
（4）细节理解题。根据第三段The brain is just like any other biological tissue （组织），because it can be overused and can suffer from tiredness.（大脑就会像任何其他生物组织一样，因为它会被过度使用，并且会感到疲惫。）可知，当大脑被过度使用的时候，从而感到疲惫时，大脑在身体中也不例外。故选B。
（5）推理判断题。根据第四段Existing examinations of physical and mental tiredness have been used to study muscular and biomechanical （生物力学的） changes，" said Mehta. "The purpose of this study was to examine the influence on the PFC while we compare the changes in brain behavior with traditional measures of tiredness."（ "现有的身心疲劳检查已被用于研究肌肉和生物力学变化，"Mehta说道。"这项研究的目的是检查PFC的影响，同时我们将大脑行为的变化与传统的疲劳测量进行比较。"）可知，在看来，现有的关于身心疲惫的检查已经用于研究肌肉和生物力学的变化，然而这项研究的目的是为了检查身心疲惫对PFC带来的影响。故选A。
本文为一篇说明文，主要讲述了科学家研究发现，我们在有压力和精神挫折时工作，会让我们感觉身体更加地疲惫。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
26~45.【答案】C、B、A、D、B、C、A、D、C、B、A、D、B、C、D、C、A、B、D、C
【解析】1．C 考查名词词义辨析．processes过程；decision决定；challenges挑战；exercises练习．根据The challenge is to become the best fish you can be．可知这里想说她准备在高中迎接新的挑战，故选C．
2．B 考查副词词义辨析．Therefore因此；However然而；Otherwise否则；Besides还有．根据下文high school was different可知，高中是不同的，这里表示转折关系，故选B．
3．A 考查形容词词义辨析．difficult 困难的；easy容易的；boring枯燥的；interesting有趣的．根据She was competing against very talented girls可知，竞争非常激烈，"她"要被选上有"困难"．故选A．
4．D 考查名词词义辨析．editor编辑；boss老板；candidate候选人；judge裁判员．根据read a list of the girls for a second tryout可知，宣布第二轮选拔赛名单的人应是"裁判员"．故选D．
5．B 考查动词词义辨析．jumped跳；sank下沉；stopped停止；raced赛跑．根据as the list ended without her name可知，当名单读完还没有"她"的名字的时候，"她"的心情应该是"沮丧"．故选B．
6．C 考查形容词词义辨析．strange 奇怪的；happy快乐的；awful糟糕的；lonely孤单的．根据Her heart sank as the list ended without her name可知，选拔赛失利，"她"当然怀着"不好"的心情回家．故选C．
7．A 考查动词词义辨析．struggle斗争；improve提高；work工作；complaining抱怨．根据Arriving home，she started with math．She had always been a good math student可知，此处为转折的关系，"她"以前很擅长数学，但现在不这样了．故选A．
8．D 考查形容词词义辨析．shamed 羞愧的；disappointed失望的；hocked 震惊的；relieved宽慰的．根据to find that she didn't have any trouble with those subjects可知，在"她"转学英语与历史后，发现"她"在这些科目上没有遇到麻烦，与前面的数学相比，心情当然是"轻松的"．故选D．
9．C 考查动词短语词义辨析．put up张贴；prepare for准备；worry about担心；give up放弃．这里想表达她决定暂且不担心数学了．故选C．
10．B 考查名词词义辨析．committee委员会；newspaper报纸；radio收音机；team团队．根据下文"I'm sorry，but we have enough writers for the newspaper already可知，对不起，我们的报纸有了足够的作者了．故选B．
11．A 考查形容词词义辨析．enthusiastic热情的；artistic 艺术的；sympathetic同情的；realistic现实的．这里想说Biden老师并不像Jenna一样热情．故选A．
12．D 考查名词词义辨析．speaker演讲者；reader读者；cheerleader啦啦队长；writer作者．根据"I'm sorry，but we have enough writers for the newspaper already可知，对不起，我们的报纸有了足够的作者了．故选D．
13．B 考查副词词义辨析．widely广泛地；weakly虚弱地；excitedly 兴奋地；brightly聪明地．根据"I'm sorry，but we have enough writers for the newspaper already．Come back next year and we'll talk then．"被拒绝，Jenna当然"无力"的一笑．故选B．
14．C 考查形容词词义辨析．similar相似的；ordinary普通的；different 不同的；familiar熟悉的．根据high school was different，呼应第二段第一句可知，Jenna感叹高中与初中"不同"．故选C．
15．D 考查名词词义辨析．physics物理；history历史；English英语；math数学．根据Jenna devoted herself to figuring out the problems that had given her so much trouble可知，Jenna有问题的是数学，因此，"她"是在数学课上全心解决问题．故选D．
16．C 考查名词词义辨析．pleasure快乐；hope希望；trouble困难；sorrow悲伤．根据Arriving home，she started with math．She had always been a good math student，but now she was struggling．She moved on to English and history，and was relieved to find that she didn't have any trouble with those subjects．故选C．
17．A 考查动词短语词义辨析．fit in适应；look out 向外看，当心；A．stay up熬夜；get around四处走动．这里想表达Jenna决定她继续来适应她的新学校．故选A．
18．B 考查动词词义辨析．swim游泳；try尝试；ask问；escape逃跑．根据句意："她"不确定是否会成功，但"她"知道"她"必须去"尝试"．故选B．
19．D 考查介词短语词义辨析．in return for作为回报；in case of以防，万一；in terms of就…而言；instead of相反．这里想说你会感觉自己是一条小鱼在一个大池塘里，而不是一条大鱼在一个小池塘里，instead of而不是．故选D．
20．C 考查形容词词义辨析．slimmest最苗条的；smallest最小的；best最好的；gentlest最温柔的．这里想说你所面临的挑战就是成为池塘里最好的鱼．故选C．
本文的主要内容是，这是一篇记叙文．Jenna以优异的成绩考上了高中．当她来到高中后，感觉很多事情都不顺利，甚至自己曾经很擅长的数学学习方面，也出现了很多困难，但是Jenna并没有放弃，而是不断的努力尝试，最终取得了成功．
完形填空属"综合能力应用"题型，是高考的必考题型．完形填空在高考试卷中是拉开考生得分的一道关键题型．从近几年高考完形填空题看，纯语法知识几乎不考，主要考查考生灵活运用所学词汇的能力，尤其是以考查实词或信息词为主，着重考查考生对文章的内在逻辑和整体把握能力．因此，把握句间和段落之间的内在逻辑关系，通过上下文暗示，对篇章、段落或句意的整体把握；再则，干扰项的设置与语法结构无甚关系，重在文意干扰．因此，把握文意和具体语境，通过对词义的辨析，是解完形填空的最好手段．
46.【答案】To help people be active and healthy.
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段Our main focus is the same thing as any other gym's，which is to help people be active and healthy，but the difference is that we do change a little bit to make sure that it is right pace for the people we are working with，so that everybody can follow along.（我们的主要关注点和其他健身房一样，那就是帮助人们保持活跃和健康，但不同的是，我们会做一些改变，以确保我们的节奏适合我们的训练对象，这样每个人都能跟上。）可知Spirit Club这个项目的主要目的是帮助人们保持活跃和健康故答案为：To help people be active and healthy。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段Ciner used to work as a director for a local organization aimed at helping people with disabilities and as a part-time personal trainer at gyms.（Ciner曾在当地一家旨在帮助残疾人的组织担任主管，也曾在健身房担任兼职私人教练。）可知在他创建精神俱乐部之前他曾在当地一家机构担任主管，并在健身房担任私人教练，故答案为：He worked as a director for a local organization and a personal trainer at gyms。
（3）观点态度题。根据第四段His volunteer experience in Ethiopia working with children from very poor families helped him understand the influence of organized physical activity，too." That helped me realize how much organized physical activity can help people connect to each other and increase people's self-esteem （自尊），" Ciner said.（他在埃塞俄比亚帮助贫困家庭儿童的志愿者经历也帮助他理解了有组织的体育活动的影响。"这让我意识到有组织的体育活动可以在多大程度上帮助人们相互联系，增加人们的自尊，"Ciner说。）可知Jared Ciner认为有组织的体育活动可以帮助人们相互联系，提高他们的自尊心。故答案为：It can help people connect to each other and increase their self-esteem。
（4）词义猜测题。根据最后一段When he first started，he couldn't sit on the floor，get down on the floor.He is doing that now.Great changes have happened to him and it is for him.（刚开始的时候，他不能坐在地板上，也不能趴在地板上。他现在正在做这件事。他发生了巨大的变化，这对他来说是______。）可知划线词的意思是"巨大的进步"，故答案为：great progress。
（5）开放问答题，只要符合本文大意即可，本文主要讲述了Jared Ciner两年前创建了Spirit Club的目的和意义。故答案为：I think it great.It helps people stay healthy and commuicate with each other。
这是一篇说明文，主要讲述了Jared Ciner两年前创建了Spirit Club的目的和意义。
做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
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