2022-2023学年北京十一中高一（上）期末英语试卷(含答案解析)

这是一份2022-2023学年北京十一中高一（上）期末英语试卷(含答案解析)，共25页。

2022-2023学年北京十一中高一（上）期末英语试卷
1. To our surprise，her words had a magical e ______（影响） on us.
2. His work has been criticized for being imitative and s ______（肤浅的）.
3. Everything you do or say is a reflection of your p ______（性格，个性）.
4. The advertisements are intended to improve the company's i______（形象）．
5. Last year I was chosen to r ______（代表） the company at the conference.
6. We need male subjects between the ages of 18 and 25 for the e ______（实验）.
7. There are many optional courses.You can s ______（挑选） the one you like most.
8. Shopping on the Internet has its disadvantages as the real g ______（商品，货物） cannot be seen.
9. He likes power very much and doesn't like anyone to challenge his a ______（权威）.
10. Even if you can't cook，you'll find these meals quick and c ______（方便的） to prepare.
11. Group 1 可能会有派生变化（即词性的变化）

access approval amaze describe locate imagine reward vary

(1) She was ______ that he could be so calm at such a time.
(2) I was attracted to the house both by its size and its ______ .
(3) Prices ______ according to the type of room you require.
(4) You need a password to get ______ to the computer system.
(5) Smiling is apparently a universal sign of friendliness and ______ .
(6) The scenery there is so fascinating that it is totally beyond ______ .
（7）The years he spent in the countryside proved to be a（n） ______ experience.
（8）Father Christmas is just a（n） ______ figure and there is no such person in reality.
12. Group 2 可能会有语法变化（即名词变复数、动词的时态语态和非谓等变化）

admit affair confirm consist happen humiliate maintain surround

(1) He said he didn't want to ______ her in front of her colleagues.
(2) My aunt ______ to be out when I paid her a visit last weekend.
(3) Few people nowadays are able to ______ friendships into adulthood.
(4) China is playing an increasingly important role in international ______ .
(5) So far，no one ______ breaking the window，which annoys him very much.
(6) Usually，an article ______ of 3 parts，an introduction，a body and a conclusion.
(7) When I was small，I ______ by love and kindness and I felt really happy.
(8) If you have booked a room in advance，please call me to ______ your reservation.
13. 孩子们喜欢在春节燃放鞭炮。
Children like ______firecrackers in lunar New Year.
14. 刚才那位老妇人的行为举止吸引了我的目光。（请用到 eye 一词）
The elderly woman's behavior ______just now.
15. 这部电影是基于一个发生在二战期间的真实故事。
The film ______a true story happening during the Second World War.
16. 我很难想象我祖父母年轻时经历的艰难时光。
I can hardly imagine the hard times my grandparents ______when they were young.
17. 当你看到某人受苦时，不要只是袖手旁观。请主动帮助他。
When you see someone suffer，don't just ______.Please offer to help him.
18. After graduation，I decided to make a difference to our society，so I became a volunteer teacher and ______（send） to a remote village.
19. Tom was not sure how his parents ______（react） to his decision.
20. This university makes every effort ______（help） students adjust to new school life.
21. The man stepped into a car ______door was half-open.
22. No one visiting in the gallery is allowed ______（touch） the exhibits.
23.
A

A study (1) （lead） by Stanford University explores the influence microplastics （塑料微粒） have on whales.Microplastics are pieces of plastic less than five millimeters in length and are now frequently found (2) the whales live.The team found the whales mainly find food from 50 to 250 meters below the surface.At such depth，the highest concentrations of microplastic in the open ocean take place.Researchers estimate that up to 10 million pieces (3) （consume） by each whale per day.
B

I'm Patrick McCarthy.This is the space where I can help you (4) your daily life problems.I
remember (5) （feel） both excited and terrified about life when I turned 18.That's a
(6) （perfect） normal feeling to have.Also，believe it or not，I guarantee all of your peers at your age also feel this sense of anxiety.Now is a good time to learn and try new things.Sometimes you will fail and have painful experiences， (7) is the process of learning and life itself.
C

The zoo is somewhere we all love to go during the weekends and holidays.Now there's a chance (8) （raise） an adorable animal at the zoo as well.Last month，Hongshan Forest Zoo (9) （launch） a "symbolic adoption （认养）" WeChat miniprogram to raise funds，causing a heated (10) （discuss） online.Through the miniprogram，animal lovers get to "raise" animals by financing their daily necessities，like food and health monitoring.

(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
Have you ever seen an angel？Probably most of us would say no and so would I.However，the conversation I had with my sister Amy earlier this week changed my thought.
Amy would have to experience the Christmas without her husband for the first time because he died in her arms several months ago.Last Thursday，she was in the store(24) for an ideal card for her kids.Time passed by quickly as she read the many choices.She needed a card that sent something(25) to each of them，as she knew they would have an empty place in their heart this holiday season.
Finally!She found the one that expressed the(26) feeling.The words expressed the feelings she wished to share.However，a sharp pain pierced her heart when she realized that the card was from "mom and dad".She stood，holding it close for a long time，unable to move from the spot. (27) began to run over her cheeks.
"Is there something I can do for you？" a (28) voice asked.She turned to face a stranger，a woman，who was looking at her with question and (29) . "Uh…oh...OH!" Amy responded， "I can't give this card to my children because…because my husband died and this is the wrong card."
The stranger's face softened with sympathy and love.She(30) out and pulled my sister into her arms，giving her unspoken permission to cry in the protection of her embrace.She quietly held my sister until her (31) returned. "Thank you for listening to me cry on，" was what my sister said when all was better. "You are welcome，and I am so sorry for your loss，" the stranger answered and said goodbye to her.
During her telling of this event I was feeling (32) that I hadn't been there.My sister needed me and a stranger had to do my job. "You know，" she went on， "a friend suggested that it was like meeting with an Angel." My guilt(33) immediately.My sister required an Angel，and I think that is exactly what she got.
24.  A. paying B. caring C. looking D. calling
25.  A. attractive B. special C. traditional D. brilliant
26.  A. sad B. right C. amazing D. strange
27.  A. Lights B. Sweats C. Tears D. Smiles
28.  A. firm B. proud C. cold D. gentle
29.  A. concern B. shock C. regret D. surprise
30.  A. reached B. caught C. sent D. threw
31.  A. confidence B. courage C. happiness D. calmness
32.  A. shocked B. shy C. guilty D. hopeless
33.  A. struck B. returned C. sank D. disappeared
Y
阅读所给文章，根据文章内容从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Running to the Library

There are literally thousands of books about running，each with their unique stories and angles.Here are four that might interest you.
• Advanced Marathoning – 2nd Edition
by Pete Pfitzinger，Scott Douglas （﹩38.13）
Shave minutes off your time using the latest in science-based training for serious runners.Advanced Marathoning has all the information you need to train smarter and arrive on the start line ready to run the marathon of your life.
Including marathon-pace runs and tempo runs，Advanced Marathoning provides only the most effective methods of training.You'll learn how to improve your running workouts with strength，core，flexibility，and form training.
• Determined to Win：The Overcoming Spirit of Jean Driscoll
by Jean Driscoll （﹩10.99）
Jean Driscoll was named 25th of the top 100 women athletes in the century by Sports Illustrated for Women.Born with spina bifida （脊柱裂）， Jean was never supposed to walk.But because of her intense determination，she not only learned to walk but to fly – in a wheelchair across the finish line.
In her autobiography，Jean chronicles （按事件发生顺序记载） her flight from physical paralysis to true spiritual freedom.She shows us what perseverance can achieve.
• Boston Marathon Portraits：Pictures of Inspiration
by Raymond Britt （﹩19.99）
Boston Marathon Portraits features dramatic images of an exceptional race：the Boston Marathon.On race day，Boston comes alive with anticipation，excitement and determination.This book presents these emotions and the action of the Boston Marathon，focusing on striking scenes and photos of runners before the race，at the starting line，the finish line and when the celebration of finishing begins.
• Women Runners
by Irene Reti，Bettianne Shoney Sien （﹩11.18）
This anthology （选集） of literary fiction，poems，and essays by women runners captures the essence of running，and the many hopes and dreams of women.


34. Which book would be your best choice if you were looking for tips on marathon training？ ______
A. Determined to Win：The Overcoming Spirit of Jean Driscoll
B. Boston Marathon Portraits：Pictures of Inspiration
C. Advanced Marathoning - 2nd Edition
D. Women Runners
35. Which category does Determined to Win：The Overcoming Spirit of Jean Driscoll fall into？ ______
A. Science fiction. B. Biography.
C. Self-help book. D. Historical fiction.
36. What is Boston Marathon Portraits：Pictures of Inspiration about？ ______
A. Development of marathon. B. Effective training methods.
C. Essays written by runners. D. Amazing photos of runners.
Z
As technology is developing rapidly，we can actually build VR headsets that meet high requirements.The interest in VR rises，so does the interest in creating new media to be experienced in using VR.Journalism is a medium built on relevance.Journalists are always finding new means to tell stories and report news.It is a goldmine for storytelling.What better ways to tell a story to someone than to put them right in the center of it？
People are already making use of VR in news.Creative director Spike Jonze and visual artist Chris Milk put viewers at the scene of the Millions March protest in New York in December，2014.The University of Southern California created "Project Syria，" which allows viewers to experience the bombing of a crowded neighborhood and visit a refugee camp in the war-torn country.These are just a few examples of a growing number of projects that are out there.
VR is a powerful tool for journalists.The consumer isn't just reading or watching something play out；they're experiencing it.The immersive （沉浸式的） nature of VR allows people to connect with the subject matter on a much deeper level than just reading about it.The experience is emotional，speaking more to our instinct （本能） than our intellect （智力）.There are a wide range of possibilities for storytelling here，and any storyteller wanting to do something more interesting than their peers should surely be considering the sheer power of VR.
The question of VR，though，is not how powerful it is.That is obvious.The question of VR is one of viability （可行性） and availability.Telling stories must be easy to do，and access to those stories must be readily available.This is the biggest challenge that VR faces.If the tools to tell a story with VR aren't easy to pick up and learn，VR will fail.If VR technology isn't both top-of-the-line and affordable，VR will fail.
"I think that current VR technology is pretty exclusive right now，but it's very promising that it will not be a problem in the long run，" said Thomas Hallaq，assistant professor of journalism and mass communications. "We're seeing more technology become accessible，and more people having access to that technology.Just look at smartphones."
If the technology is widely available and companies like Oculus，Samsung，HTC and Valve can overcome the inherent difficulties，VR will succeed in being a desirable means of storytelling.Like radio，TV and the Internet before it，VR will change the way we tell stories.
37. Why is VR considered a powerful tool for journalism？ ______
A. Because it is a medium built on relevance.
B. Because it is very popular and interesting.
C. Because it allows people to experience the news personally.
D. Because it is an exclusively new tool in telling news stories.
38. According to the passage，what is the biggest challenge VR is facing？ ______
A. Whether it is easily accessible to people.
B. How powerful and interesting it can be.
C. Whether qualified VR headsets can be built.
D. What new ways people will find to report news.
39. What's the author's attitude towards the future of VR technology？ ______
A. Neutral. B. Positive. C. Negative. D. Concerned.
40. Which of the following is the best title for the passage？ ______
A. The Challenges of Virtual Reality
B. The Wide Popularity of Virtual Reality
C. The Future of Storytelling — Virtual Reality
D. The Development of Virtual Reality in the Future
A1
Can artificial intelligence uncover a liar？It sounds like science fiction，but such an AI system is possible.The question is：How accurate can it be？Rada Mihalcea，a professor of computer science and engineering at the University of Michigan，has worked on deception （欺骗） detection for about a decade.This is how they constructed one AI deception detector，and how it works.
The first thing that researchers working on artificial intelligence and machine learning need is data.In the case of the work that Mihalcea did，they began with videos from actual court cases.For example，a defendant speaking in a trial in which they were found guilty could provide an example of deceit （欺骗）；they also used testimony （证词） from witnesses as either example of truthful or deceitful statements.Altogether，they used 121 video clips and the corresponding transcripts of what they said—about half represented deceptive statements，and half truthful.It was this data that they used to build machine learning classifiers that ultimately had between a 60 to 75 percent accuracy rate.
One thing the system noticed is the use of pronouns—people who are lying would tend to less often use the word 'I' or 'we'，Mihalcea explains. "Instead，people who are lying would more often use 'you，' 'yours，' 'he，' 'they，' and 'she.'" That's not the only linguistic signal：someone telling a lie would use "stronger words" that "reflect certainty，" she says.Examples of those types of words are "absolutely，" and "very，" while interestingly，people telling the truth were more likely to use words such as "maybe" or "probably." "I think people who are deceptive would try to make up for the lie they are putting forward，" she says， "and so they try to seem more certain of themselves." As for gestures，she points out that someone being deceitful would more likely look directly into the eyes of the person questioning them.They also tended to use both hands when gesturing.Instead of just one—also，she suspects，as part of trying to be convincing.
However，Mihalcea's work is "far from perfection，" she concedes. "As a researcher，we are content that we were able to get to 75 percent accuracy." But looked at another way，that's an error rate of one in four.Ultimately，she sees technology like this as being assistive for people—it could，for example，indicate that it noticed something "unusual" in a speaker's statement，and then perhaps have a person "investigate more."
41. Why did the researchers gather testimony from the court？ ______
A. To test the accuracy of AI deception detector.
B. To provide data base for machine learning.
C. To help the judges find the guilty people.
D. To understand how deception works.
42. According to Professor Mihalcea，which is a symbol of deception？ ______
A. Avoiding direct eye contact. B. Using first-person pronouns.
C. Gesturing with only one hand. D. Trying to be sure of themselves.
43. What does Professor Mihalcea think of the new technology？ ______
A. Flawed but promising. B. Unsatisfying but helpful.
C. Accurate and meaningful. D. Imperfect and impractical.
44. Which will be the best title for this passage？ ______
A. Will AI Rid the World of Liars？
B. What Can AI Do for Us in Court？
C. Where Is AI Leading Us in the Future？
D. Can AI Become a Convincing Detective？
All living things need clean，fresh water to survive.Ninety-seven percent of the water on Earth is in the ocean.The salt in the ocean water makes it unusable for drinking.Another two percent is frozen in the ice caps and glaciers on the Earth.This leaves one percent of the water on Earth available for us to use. (1) Where you live，the amount of rain that falls，and how water is collected and reserved all affect the amount of cool，clear water available.
One factor that we can't change is where it will rain.The amount of rain an area receives affects the amount of water available for use.Some major cities are located in areas where they can get water from the ground.Other areas use surface water from lakes，rivers，or streams. (2)
According to a study done by the state of California，the average person uses over one hundred gallons of water per day.Water is used for drinking，taking a shower or bath，brushing teeth，washing hands，cleaning dishes，doing laundry，and flushing toilets.Using water wisely is important.
(3) Today，we have many helpful tools to help us save water.There are low-flow shower heads and faucets （水龙头），dishwashers and washing machines that use up to 50% less water，and toilets that use only one-third of the water that they did a few years ago.Installing these items in your home is the first line of defense against wasting water.
There are many other ways you can help.Don't leave the water running when you brush your teeth.Take a shower rather than a bath. (4) If you find one，let your parents know.A good way to have cool water available all the time is to keep a pitcher in the fridge.This way you won' have to wait for the water in the pipes to bring you colder water to drink.Only run your clothes washer and dishwasher when they are full.This can save hundreds of gallons of water a year.
(5) Learning to use it wisely will ensure that it will always be available.So，make a fuss and conserve water.It's worth it!

A.It's also important to fix leaky faucets.
B.Water is an important natural resource.
C.All of these will help to conserve water.
D.There are many factors that affect the amount of water available for you.
E.No matter where you live，there are many ways you can help conserve water.
F.Those places with no water readily available must pipe water in from far away.
G.No matter where we live，we must be careful with the water we have in our part of the world.
45.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
46.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
47.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
48.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
49.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
50. 阅读下面的短文，并根据短文内容回答后面的问题。
A spoonful of pickles （榨菜） can sometimes make a meal taste way better.Recently，a new type of pickle is being discussed： "digital pickled vegetables".It refers to the videos people watch while eating.Many people think that the videos can make their food more appetizing.
The topic received more than 16 million clicks on Sina Weibo and about 100，000 people participated in the discussion.Instead of having meals with friends and family members，many young people in China are kept company by TV shows or short videos.Many believe that their food is tastier with the "digital pickles".
Can this habit affect your diet？According to a research paper published in 2019，you may eat more unconsciously.The international research team asked 62 volunteers to follow different eating patterns on four different days.The patterns included eating while looking at the mobile phone，reading magazines and without distraction.After analyzing their diets，the team discovered that eating with a distraction increased caloric ingestion （卡路里摄入） by about 15 percent.
To explore the reason，the team also invited two groups of people：one group ate while listening to an
audio clip （音频剪辑） about another person eating and the other listened to a clip that helped them imagine themselves eating.The results showed that the second group ate less since they were more focused on their meals.When we eat with the "digital pickles"，our attention can be distracted，which leads to eating more than expected.
This works not only for eating meals but other demanding tasks as well.A research project led by the University of Sussex，UK，pointed out that activities which require lots of attention trick many participants into overeating.The team invited 120 participants to do various tasks while providing them with drinks and snacks. "Our study suggests that if you're eating or drinking while your attention is distracted by a highly engaging task，you're less likely to be able to tell how full you feel，" one of the authors Martin Yeomans explained.
(1) What is "digital pickled vegetables"？ ______
(2) How will eating while watching videos affect people's diet？ ______
(3) Please decide which part is false in the following statement，then underline it and explain why.
＞People overeat when doing demanding tasks because they need their food to distract and comfort them. ______
（4）Online videos can make us overeat，which is their disadvantage.Can you think of two benefits they can bring to you？（ In about 40 words） ______
51. 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华，春节将至，你校英国交换生 Jim 接受了来你家共度除夕的邀请，请你就他关心的问题写一封邮件。内容包括：
（1）很高兴他接受了邀请；
（2）介绍你家除夕的安排；
（3）期待他的到来。
注意：
（4）词数不少于 50；
（5）开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim，
______
Yours Sincerely，Li Hua
答案和解析

1.【答案】ffect
【解析】根据括号内词义，"影响"可译为effect，根据a和magical可知填可数名词的单数。
故填：effect。
令我们惊讶的是，她的话对我们产生了神奇的影响。
做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化。

2.【答案】hallow
【解析】根据汉语提示"肤浅的"及单词首字母，考虑形容词shallow作表语。
故填：shallow。
他的作品被批评为抄袭而且肤浅。
做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化。

3.【答案】ersonality
【解析】根据括号内词义，"性格，个性"可译为personality，是可数名词，根据语境要用单数形式。
故填：personality。
你的一言一行都体现你的个性。
考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。

4.【答案】mage
【解析】image．根据句意和首字母提示可知这里使用名词image意为"形象"．这里是不可数名词．故填image．
这些广告是为了改善公司的形象．
首字母填空'要求考生不仅具备一定的词汇量、扎实的句型和语法知识，还要去学生有较好的阅读能力，能灵活运用所学知识去分析语篇．简单地说，该题型的考查范围极广，不仅包括词汇和语法的掌握，还考查学生的阅读分析能力、逻辑推理能力，以及情境语感．

5.【答案】epresent
【解析】be chosen to do意为"被选中去做某事"，为固定搭配，此处用to do不定式作主语补足语。根据首字母r可知，表示"代表"应用动词represent。
故填：represent。
去年我被选为公司代表参加会议。
对于根据首字母填空这种题，要分析句子意思，再从结构上和意义上对答案进行确定。

6.【答案】xperiment
【解析】根据括号内词义，"实验"可译为experiment，是可数名词，根据语境可知，只有一个，要用单数形式。
故填：experiment。
我们需要18至25岁之间的男性来接受试验。
考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。

7.【答案】elect
【解析】根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为动词select"挑选"，满足句意要求，结合空前can情态动词可知，为动词原形。
故填：select。
有很多选修课。你可以选择你最喜欢的。
对于根据首字母填空这种题，要分析句子意思，再从结构上和意义上对答案进行确定。

8.【答案】oods
【解析】根据括号内词义，"商品，货物"可译为goods，常用复数形式。
故填：goods。
网上购物有它的缺点，因为不能看到真正的商品。
考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。

9.【答案】uthority
【解析】根据括号内词义，"权威"可译为authority，是不可数名词。
故填：authority。
他非常喜欢权力，不喜欢任何人挑战他的权威。
考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。

10.【答案】onvenient
【解析】根据中文提示"方便的"和首字母可知，此处应用形容词convenient作宾补。
故填：convenient。
即使你不会做饭，你也会发现这些饭菜准备起来既快捷又方便。
对于根据首字母填空这种题，要分析句子意思，再从结构上和意义上对答案进行确定。

11.【答案】【小题1】amazed
【小题2】location
【小题3】vary
【小题4】access
【小题5】approval
【小题6】description
【解析】（1）考查形容词。句意：她很惊讶他在这种时候还能这么镇定。分析可知，此处应填形容词作表语，结合句意表示"惊讶的"应用-ed结尾的形容词amazed，修饰主语she。故填amazed。
（2）考查名词。句意：我被房子的大小和位置所吸引。形容词性物主代词its后应用名词作介词by的宾语，结合句意表示"位置"，应用名词location，结合语境可知，此处特指所说房子的位置，应用其单数形式。故填location。
（3）考查动词时态及主谓一致。句意：价格根据您需要的房间类型而有所不同。分析可知，此处应填动词作谓语，结合句意表示"不同"，应用动词vary，根据句意及后文require可知，句子是在陈述事实，应用一般现在时，主语prices为复数，谓语动词应用原形。故填vary。
（4）考查不可数名词。句意：你需要密码才能进入计算机系统。分析可知，此处应填名词作宾语，结合句意表示"进入"，短语为get access to。故填access。
（5）考查不可数名词。句意：微笑显然是友好和认可的普遍标志。分析可知，此处应填名词作宾语，结合句意表示"认可"，应用不可数名词approval。故填approval。
（6）考查不可数名词。句意：那里的风景太迷人了，简直无法形容。分析可知，此处应填名词作介词beyond的宾语，结合句意表示"无法形容"，短语为beyond description。故填description。
（7）考查形容词。句意：他在农村度过的那些年证明是一段有益的经历。分析可知，此处应填形容词作定语，结合句意表示"有益的"，应用形容词rewarding。故填rewarding。
（8）考查形容词。句意：圣诞老人只是一个虚构的人物，现实中并没有这样的人。分析可知，此处应填形容词作定语，结合句意表示"虚构的"，应用形容词imaginary。故填imaginary。
（1）她很惊讶他在这种时候还能这么镇定。
（2）我被房子的大小和位置所吸引。
（3）价格根据您需要的房间类型而有所不同。
（4）你需要密码才能进入计算机系统。
（5）微笑显然是友好和认可的普遍标志。
（6）那里的风景太迷人了，简直无法形容。
（7）他在农村度过的那些年证明是一段有益的经历。
（8）圣诞老人只是一个虚构的人物，现实中并没有这样的人。
如何做选词填空
1.根据语法，判断词性
   一般的空缺都可以通过其所在的句式结构和句法成分来判断其词性，从而正确的选词，进一步缩小词的选择范围。
2.利用语境，确定词形
    当确定了一个单词的词性后，可通过上下文来帮助判断其形式，如动词的人称数，时态，语态，固定短语；名词的数和所有格，形容词，副词的比较级等。

12.【答案】【小题1】humiliate
【小题2】happened
【小题3】maintain
【小题4】affairs
【小题5】has admitted
【小题6】consists
【小题7】was surrounded
【小题8】confirm
【解析】（1）考查动词原形。句意：他说他不想在她的同事面前羞辱她。根据want to do sth"需要做某事"可知，此处应用动词原形，结合句意可知，动词humiliate"羞辱"符合题意。故填humiliate。
（2）考查动词时态。句意：上周末我去拜访姑姑时，她碰巧不在家。分析可知，空处应用动词作主句谓语动词，根据句意表示"碰巧做某事"，应用happen to do sth.，根据时间状语last weekend可知，句子是在陈述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填happened。
（3）考查动词原形。句意：现在很少有人能把友谊维持到成年。根据be able to do sth"能够做某事"可知，此处应用动词原形，结合句意可知，动词动词maintain"维持"符合题意。故填maintain。
（4）考查可数名词复数。句意：中国在国际事务中起着越来越重要的作用。分析可知，此处应用名词作介词in的宾语，结合句意可知，名词affair"事务"符合题意，结合语境可知，此处应用其复数形式表示泛指。故填affairs。
（5）考查动词时态及主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，没人承认打破窗户，这让他很生气。分析可知，空处应用动词作主句谓语，结合句意可知，动词admit"承认"符合题意，根据时间状语so far可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语为no one，助动词应用has，故填has admitted。
（6）考查动词时态及主谓一致。句意：通常，一篇论文由引言、正文和结论三部分组成。分析可知，空处应用动词作句子谓语，结合句意可知，动词consist"由……组成"符合题意，根据句意及usually可知，句子是在陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语an article为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填consists。
（7）考查动词时态、语态及主谓一致。句意：小时候，我总是被爱和善良围绕着，那时我真的很开心。分析可知，空处应用动词作主句谓语，结合句意可知，动词surround"包围"符合题意，根据时间状语从句可知，句子是在陈述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，且主语I和surround之间为被动关系，故应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语I为单数，be动词应用was。故填was surrounded。
（8）考查动词原形。句意：如果你提前预定了房间，请打电话向我确认。根据不定式符号to可知，此处应用动词原形，结合句意可知，动词confirm"确认"符合题意。故填confirm。
（1）他说他不想在她的同事面前羞辱她。
（2）上周末我去拜访姑姑时，她碰巧不在家。
（3）现在很少有人能把友谊维持到成年。
（4）中国在国际事务中起着越来越重要的作用。
（5）到目前为止，没人承认打破窗户，这让他很生气。
（6）通常，一篇论文由引言、正文和结论三部分组成。
（7）小时候，我总是被爱和善良围绕着，那时我真的很开心。
（8）如果你提前预定了房间，请打电话向我确认。
如何做选词填空
1.根据语法，判断词性
   一般的空缺都可以通过其所在的句式结构和句法成分来判断其词性，从而正确的选词，进一步缩小词的选择范围。
2.利用语境，确定词形
    当确定了一个单词的词性后，可通过上下文来帮助判断其形式，如动词的人称数，时态，语态，固定短语；名词的数和所有格，形容词，副词的比较级等。

13.【答案】setting off
【解析】根据句意可知空格处意为"燃放"，是固定短语set off，like doing是固定短语，意为"喜欢做某事"，因此空格处动词用动名词。
故填：setting off。
孩子们喜欢在春节燃放鞭炮。
考查汉译英，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。

14.【答案】caught my eyes
【解析】结合句意可知短语为catch one's eye，结合just now可知为一般过去时。
故填：caught my eyes。
刚才那位老妇人的行为举止吸引了我的目光。
考查汉译英，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。

15.【答案】is based on
【解析】be based on"基于"，陈述一般事实，用一般现在时，主语the film是单数，所以be用is。
故填：is based on。
这部电影是基于一个发生在二战期间的真实故事。
考查汉译英，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。

16.【答案】went through
【解析】根据汉语提示可知，表示"经历"应用动词短语go through，在这里作从句谓语，再根据句意可知，这里应用一般过去时。
故填：went through。
我很难想象我祖父母年轻时经历的艰难时光。
考查汉译英，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。

17.【答案】stand by
【解析】stand by"袖手旁观"，位于don't之后，用动词原形。
故填：stand by。
当你看到某人受苦时，不要只是袖手旁观。请主动帮助他。
考查汉译英，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。

18.【答案】was sent
【解析】send"派遣"，动词，分析可知，此处与and前的became并列作谓语，根据became可知，此处应使用一般过去时，主语I与send之间为被动关系，故此处应使用一般过去时的被动语态，主语I为单数，be动词应用was。
故填：was sent。
毕业后，我决定改变我们的社会，所以我成为了一名志愿者教师，并被派往一个偏远的村庄。
考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要首先分辨是谓语还是非谓，若是谓语，则要注意时态语态和主谓一致；若是非谓则要考查主被动或是不定式；名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。

19.【答案】would react
【解析】react"反应"，动词，分析可知，此处为宾语从句的谓语动词，主句为一般过去时，且从句陈述的动作还未发生，故应用过去将来时，其结构为would do。
故填：would react。
汤姆不确定他的父母会对他的决定做出怎样的反应。
考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要首先分辨是谓语还是非谓，若是谓语，则要注意时态语态和主谓一致；若是非谓则要考查主被动或是不定式；名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。

20.【答案】to help
【解析】固定搭配makes every effort to do sth."竭尽全力做某事"，故此处用动词不定式。
故填：to help。
这所大学竭尽全力帮助学生适应新的学校生活。
考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要首先分辨是谓语还是非谓，若是谓语，则要注意时态语态和主谓一致；若是非谓则要考查主被动或是不定式；名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。

21.【答案】whose
【解析】分析句子结构可知此处引导定语从句，先行词a car在定语从句中作定语，因此用关系代词whose引导从句。
故填：whose。
那人走进一辆车门半开的汽车。
完成句子，要弄清楚各种句子即简单句，并列句和复合句的结构及连接词和句意，然后按要求完成句子。

22.【答案】to touch
【解析】touch"触摸"，be allowed to do sth."被允许去做某事"，故此处用动词不定式。
故填：to touch。
参观画廊的人不得触摸展品。
考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要首先分辨是谓语还是非谓，若是谓语，则要注意时态语态和主谓一致；若是非谓则要考查主被动或是不定式；名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。

23.【答案】【小题1】led
【小题2】where
【小题3】are consumed
【小题4】with
【小题5】feeling
【小题6】perfectly
【小题7】which
【小题8】to raised
【小题9】launched
【小题10】discussion
【解析】（1）考查过去分词。句意：斯坦福大学领导的研究探索了微塑料对鲸鱼的影响。此处为非谓语动词作定语，A study和lead之间是被动关系，用过去分词作定语。故填led。
（2）考查地点状语从句。句意：微塑料是长度小于5毫米的塑料片，现在经常在鲸鱼生活的地方发现。分析句子可知，此处引导地点状语从句，故应填where构成地点状语从句。故填where。
（3）考查时态、语态及主谓一致。句意：研究人员估计，每头鲸鱼每天消耗多达1000万片。结合句意可知，此处在讲述客观事实，句子用一般现在时，主语为10 million pieces，谓语动词用复数形式，且和consume之间是被动关系，故填are consumed。
（4）考查介词。句意：在这里，我可以帮助你解决日常生活中的问题。结合句意表达"帮助某人某事"用help sb with sth。故填with。
（5）考查动名词。句意：我记得我在18岁时对生活既兴奋又恐惧。remember doing表示"记得做了某事"，故用动名词作宾语。故填feeling。
（6）考查副词。句意：这是很正常的感觉。修饰形容词normal应用副词perfectly，表示"非常"。故填perfectly。
（7）考查定语从句。句意：有时候你会失败，会有痛苦的经历，这就是学习的过程，也是生活本身。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是主句所陈述的内容，在从句中作主语，故用关系代词which引导。故填which。
（8）考查动词不定式。句意：现在也有机会在动物园养一只可爱的动物。此处用动词不定式作定语修饰名词chance，故填to raise。
（9）考查动词时态。句意：上个月，红山森林动物园推出"象征认养"微信小程序筹集资金，在网上引发热议。时间状语为Last month，句子用一般过去时，故填launched。
（10）考查可数名词的单数。句意：上个月，红山森林动物园推出"象征认养"微信小程序筹集资金，在网上引发热议。结合句意和a可知，此处用名词的单数形式，故填discussion。
A是一篇说明文。文章讲述了科学家发现塑料微粒存在鲸鱼生活的地方。
B是一篇记叙文。文章通过作者的经历告诉青少年18岁生活的真正感受，以及生活的意义。
C是一篇说明文。介绍的是红山森林动物园推出的一项"象征认养"微信小程序筹集资金的活动，引起人们的热议。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。

24~33.【答案】C、B、B、C、D、A、A、D、C、D
【解析】（1）考查动词及语境理解。A.paying支付；B.caring关心；C.looking寻找；D.calling打电话。句意：上周四，她在商店里为她的孩子们寻找一张理想的卡片。根据下文"an ideal card for her kids"可知是寻找理想的卡片。故选C。
（2）考查形容词及语境理解。A.attractive吸引人的；B.special特别的；C.traditional传统的；D.brilliant聪颖的。句意：她需要一张卡片，给他们每个人都送去一些特别的东西，因为她知道在这个假期里，他们的心里都会有一个空的地方。根据下文"as she knew they would have an empty place in their heart this holiday season"可知是"特别的"。故选B。
（3）考查形容词及语境理解。A.sad伤心的；B.right正确的；C.amazing令人惊讶的；D.strange奇怪的。句意：她找到了一个能表达正确感觉的卡片。根据下文"The words expressed the feelings she wished to share"和下文"because my husband died and this is the wrong card"可知是"正确的"。故选B。
（4）考查名词及语境理解。A.Lights灯；B.Sweats汗水；C.Tears眼泪；D.Smiles微笑。句意：泪水开始从她的脸颊上流下来。根据下文"Thank you for listening to me cry on"可知是"眼泪"。故选C。
（5）考查形容词及语境理解。A.firm坚定的；B.proud骄傲的；C.cold冷的；D.gentle温柔的。句意："我能为你做点什么吗？"一个温柔的声音问道。根据上文"Is there something I can do for you"可知，那个女士的声音很温柔。故选D。
（6）考查名词及语境理解。A.concern关心；B.shock震惊；C.regret后悔；D.surprise惊讶。句意：她转过身来面对一个陌生人，一个女人，正带着疑问和关切地看着她。根据上文"Is there something I can do for you"可知，那位女士很关心作者的妹妹。故选A。
（7）考查动词及语境理解。A.reached伸，伸手；B.caught抓住；C.sent发送；D.threw扔。句意：她伸出手，把我妹妹抱在怀里，默默地允许她在自己的怀抱中哭泣。根据下文"pulled my sister into her arms"可知她伸出手。故选A。
（8）考查名词及语境理解。A.confidence自信；B.courage勇气；C.happiness快乐；D.calmness平静。句意：她静静地抱着我妹妹，直到她恢复平静。根据下文"when all was better"可知直到妹妹恢复平静。故选D。
（9）考查形容词及语境理解。A.shocked震惊的；B.shy害羞的；C.guilty内疚的；D.hopeless绝望的。句意：在她讲述这件事的时候，我为自己没有在场而感到内疚。根据第10空前的"My guilt"可知，作者因为自己没在场而内疚。故选C。
（10）考查动词及语境理解。A.struck撞；B.returned回来；C.sank下沉；D.disappeared消失。句意：我的内疚感立刻消失了。根据下文"My sister required an Angel，and I think that is exactly what she got"可知，作者的内疚感立刻消失了。故选D。
这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了作者的妹妹Amy失去丈夫之后的痛苦被一个商店里遇到的陌生女士所化解的故事。
近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高。做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。

34~36.【答案】C、B、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据Advanced Marathoning-2nd Edition部分中的Including marathon-pace runs and tempo runs，Advanced Marathoning provides only the most effective methods of training.You'll learn how to improve your running workouts with strength，core，flexibility，and form training.（包括马拉松配速跑和节拍跑，高级马拉松只提供最有效的训练方法。你将学习如何提高你的跑步训练与力量，核心，灵活性和形式训练。）可知要寻找马拉松训练的技巧，应选择Advanced Marathoning-2nd Edition。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据Determined to Win：The Overcoming Spirit of Jean Driscoll部分中的In her autobiography，Jean chronicles（按事件发生顺序记载） her flight from physical paralysis to true spiritual freedom.（在她的自传中，简记录了她从身体瘫痪到真正精神自由的历程。）可知Determined to Win：The Overcoming Spirit of Jean Driscoll属于传记。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据Boston Marathon Portraits：Pictures of Inspiration部分中的This book presents these emotions and the action of the Boston Marathon，focusing on striking scenes and photos of runners before the race，at the starting line，the finish line and when the celebration of finishing begins.（这本书呈现了这些情感和波士顿马拉松的行动，专注于比赛前、起跑线、终点线和终点庆祝开始时的惊人场景和照片。）可知Boston Marathon Portraits：Pictures of Inspiration是关于跑步者的惊人照片的。故选D。
本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四本关于跑步的书。
1．直接信息题：
直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。
2．间接信息题：
间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。
3．综合信息题：
综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。

37~40.【答案】C、A、B、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第三段VR is a powerful tool for journalists.The consumer isn't just reading or watching something play out；they're experiencing it.The immersive nature of VR allows people to connect with the subject matter on a much deeper level than just reading about it.The experience is emotional，speaking more to our instinct than our intellect.（于记者来说，虚拟现实是一个强大的工具。消费者不只是阅读或观看某些内容；他们正在经历。虚拟现实的沉浸性让人们能够在更深层的层面上与主题联系起来，而不仅仅是阅读。这种体验是情绪化的，更多的是我们的本能，而不是我们的智力。）可知，虚拟现实被认为是新闻的强大工具是因为它能让人们亲身体验新闻。故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据第四段The question of VR is one of viability and availability.Telling stories must be easy to do，and access to those stories must be readily available.This is the biggest challenge that VR faces.（虚拟现实是一个可行性和可用性的问题。讲故事必须容易做到，而且必须能够随时接触到这些故事。这是VR面临的最大挑战。）可知，根据文章虚拟现实面临的最大挑战它是否容易为人们所接触到。故选A。
（3）观点态度题。根据最后一段If the technology is widely available and companies like Oculus，Samsung，HTC and Valve can overcome the inherent difficulties，VR will succeed in being a desirable means of storytelling.Like radio，TV and the Internet before it，VR will change the way we tell stories.（如果这项技术被广泛应用，Oculus、三星（Samsung）、HTC和Valve等公司能够克服固有的困难，VR将成功成为讲故事的理想手段。就像之前的广播、电视和互联网一样，虚拟现实将改变我们讲故事的方式。）可知，作者对VR技术的未来持积极乐观的态度。A.Neutral中立的；B.Positive积极的；C.Negative负面的；D.Concerned关心的。故选B。
（4）标题归纳题。根据第一段Journalists are always finding new means to tell stories and report news.It is a goldmine for storytelling.What better ways to tell a story to someone than to put them right in the center of it？（记者总是在寻找讲述故事和报道新闻的新方法。这是一个讲故事的金矿。还有什么比把他们放在故事的中心更好的方式来讲述一个故事呢？）以及最后一段Like radio，TV and the Internet before it，VR will change the way we tell stories.（就像之前的广播、电视和互联网一样，虚拟现实将改变我们讲故事的方式。）可知，文章主要讲的是虚拟现实技术在报道新闻故事方面的作用以及它的未来发展前景。故文章最好的标题是C.The Future of Storytelling — Virtual Reality.（讲故事的未来--虚拟现实。）故选C。
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了虚拟现实技术在报道新闻故事方面的作用以及它的未来发展前景。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

41~44.【答案】B、D、B、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段The first thing that researchers working on artificial intelligence and machine learning need is data.（研究人工智能和机器学习的研究人员首先需要的是数据。）以及For example，a defendant speaking in a trial in which they were found guilty could provide an example of deceit；they also used testimony from witnesses as either example of truthful or deceitful statements.（例如，被告在被判有罪的审判中发言可以提供欺骗的例子；他们还使用证人的证词作为真实或欺骗性陈述的例子。）可知，研究人员要从法庭上收集证词是为机器学习提供数据基础。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段I think people who are deceptive would try to make up for the lie they are putting forward，" she says， "and so they try to seem more certain of themselves."（她说："我认为那些有欺骗性的人会试图弥补他们所提出的谎言，所以他们试图让自己看起来更自信。"）可知，根据米哈尔恰教授的说法，试图肯定自己是欺骗的象征。ABC项均与原文实意不符。故选D。
（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段However，Mihalcea's work is "far from perfection，" she concedes.  "As a researcher，we are content that we were able to get to 75 percent accuracy."  But looked at another way，that's an error rate of one in four.Ultimately，she sees technology like this as being assistive for people—it could，for example，indicate that it noticed something "unusual" in a speaker's statement，and then perhaps have a person "investigate more."（然而，米哈尔恰承认，她的作品"远非完美"。"作为一名研究人员，我们对能够达到75%的准确率感到满意。"但从另一个角度来看，错误率是四分之一。最终，她认为这样的技术对人们是有帮助的--例如，它可以表明它在发言者的声明中注意到一些"不寻常"的东西，然后可能会让一个人"进一步调查"。）可知，米哈尔恰教授对于这项新技术认为虽然不令人满意但很有帮助。A.Flawed but promising有缺陷但有希望的；B.Unsatisfying but helpful不满意但有帮助的；C.Accurate and meaningful准确且有意义的；D.Imperfect and impractical不完美和不切实际的。故选B。
（4）标题归纳题。根据第一段Can artificial intelligence uncover a liar？It sounds like science fiction，but such an AI system is possible.The question is：How accurate can it be？（人工智能能揭穿骗子吗？这听起来像科幻小说，但这样的人工智能系统是可能的。问题是：它能有多精确？）以及最后一段Ultimately，she sees technology like this as being assistive for people—it could，for example，indicate that it noticed something "unusual" in a speaker's statement，and then perhaps have a person "investigate more.""（最终，她认为这样的技术对人们是有帮助的--例如，它可以表明它在发言者的声明中注意到一些"不寻常"的东西，然后可能会让一个人"进一步调查"。）可知，文章主要介绍了人工智能在揭穿欺骗方面做出的贡献，但同时它的准确率也是值得人们考虑的。故文章最好的标题是D.Can AI Become a Convincing Detective？（人工智能能成为令人信服的侦探吗？）故选D。
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了人工智能在揭穿欺骗方面做出的贡献，但同时它的准确率也是值得人们深入研究的。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

45~49.【答案】D、F、E、A、C
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据下文Where you live，the amount of rain that falls，and how water is collected and reserved all affect the amount of cool，clear water available.（你住在哪里，降雨量，以及水是如何收集和储存的，这些都影响着可用的凉爽、清澈的水的量。）可知，讲的是可用水量。结合选项D项There are many factors that affect the amount of water available for you.（有很多因素会影响你的用水量。）也是讲的可用水量的因素，和下文内容相关。故选D项。
（2）细节理解题。根据上文Some major cities are located in areas where they can get water from the ground.Other areas use surface water from lakes，rivers，or streams.（一些大城市所处的地区可以从地下取水。其他地区使用来自湖泊、河流或溪流的地表水。）可知，讲的是获取水的渠道。结合选项F项Those places with no water readily available must pipe water in from far away.（那些没有现成水源的地方必须从远处用管道输水。）可知，讲的是没有现成水源来获取水的方法。上下文内容相关，都是讲的获取水的来源和方法。故选F项。
（3）推理判断题。根据下文Today，we have many helpful tools to help us save water.（今天，我们有许多有用的工具来帮助我们节约用水。）可知，讲的是关于怎样节约用水的。结合选项E项No matter where you live，there are many ways you can help conserve water.（无论你住在哪里，都有很多方法可以帮助你节约用水。）意思一致，为总结该段内容。故选E项。
（4）推理判断题。根据上文There are many other ways you can help.（你还可以通过很多其他方式提供帮助。）提到其它方式节约水，并且下文提到两个例子。结合选项A项It's also important to fix leaky faucets.（修理漏水的水龙头也很重要）也是一种节约用水的方法，上下文语意连贯。故选A项。
（5）推理判断题。根据上文提到的一些节约用水的方法。以及下文Learning to use it wisely will ensure that it will always be available.（学会明智地使用它将确保它永远可用。）结合选项C项All of these will help to conserve water.（所有这些都将有助于节约用水。）为对上文内容的总结，下文是对空格处内容的补充说明。故选C项。
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了影响我们用水量的因素，以及几种节约用水的方法和建议。
七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。

50.【答案】【小题1】It refers to the videos people watch while eating.
【小题2】People may eat more unconsciously.
【小题3】People overeat when doing demanding tasks because         People overeat when doing demanding tasks because they focus their attention on the demanding tasks.Because activities which require lots of attention trick many participants into overeating.
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Recently，a new type of pickle is being discussed： "digital pickled vegetables".It refers to the videos people watch while eating.（最近，一种新型的泡菜正在讨论中："电子榨菜"。它指的是人们在吃饭时观看的视频）可知，"电子榨菜"指的是边吃饭边看的视频。故答案是It refers to the videos people watch while eating.
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段Can this habit affect your diet？According to a research paper published in 2019，you may eat more unconsciously.（这个习惯会影响你的饮食吗？根据2019年发表的一篇研究论文，你可能会在不知不觉中吃得更多）可知，根据研究发现，边吃饭边看视频会让我们吃饭的注意力分散，最终会导致我们吃得过多。故答案是People may eat more unconsciously.
（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段A research project led by the University of Sussex，UK，pointed out that activities which require lots of attention trick many participants into overeating.（由英国萨塞克斯大学领导的一项研究项目指出，需要大量注意力的活动会诱使许多参与者暴饮暴食）可知，当我们的注意力没有集中在吃饭上，而是集中在需要更多注意力的活动中时，我们就会吃的过多，由此可知，句子中的"they need their food to distract and comfort them."是错误的，应改为"they focus their attention on the demanding tasks.（他们将注意力集中在要求苛刻的任务上）"，因为他们把注意力集中在要求很高的任务中。故答案是People overeat when doing demanding tasks because         People overeat when doing demanding tasks because they focus their attention on the demanding tasks.Because activities which require lots of attention trick many participants into overeating.
（4）开放性题目。言之有理即可，注意字数限制。网络视频有一些弊端，但我们不能否认其带来的好处，网络视频可以给人们一天的劳累带来片刻的放松，也可以让我们在短时间内获取各方面的信息。故答案可以为First of all，it allows us to relax for a while after a day's work，in addition，it can allow us to get social news，knowledge and entertainment information quickly.
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍的是当前的一种社会现象，很多人在吃饭的时候看自己喜欢的视频，被称之为"电子榨菜"，分析了"电子榨菜"能下饭的原因以及影响。
阅读表达，要求学生在阅读理解的基础上，根据短文后的题目，在文中找到相关的内容，并用简洁、准确的句子，将理解的内容，书面表达出来。做题时，注意表达的内容不要超出规定的字数。

51.【答案】Dear Jim，
I'm glad to hear that you will spend Spring Festival Eve with my faimly!Now I'm going to tell you our arrangements.（很高兴他接受了邀请）
To celebrate the special occasion，we have many activities planned.【高分句型一】In the morning，my father，a calligraphy lover，will write some copies of the Chinese character"Fu"，meaning good luck. 【高分句型二】You may join me in giving them to our neighbours，an act of spreading happiness and joy.Preparations for the big evening feast usually start in the afternoon.My mom will cook varieties of delicious food，including your favorite Jiaozi.We can help her.In the evening，watching the Spring Festival Gala is part of the celebration.（介绍你家除夕的安排）
Join us and let's have fun together!I sincerely look forward to your arrival.（期待他的到来）
Yours Sincerely，
Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一：To celebrate the special occasion，we have many activities planned.
译文：为了庆祝这个特殊的日子，我们计划了许多活动。
分析：这句话使用了不定式To celebrate the special occasion作目的状语。
高分句型二：In the morning，my father，a calligraphy lover，will write some copies of the Chinese character"Fu"，meaning good luck.
译文：早上，我的父亲，一个书法爱好者，会写一些"福"字的副本，意思是好运。
分析：这句话使用了现在分词短语meaning good luck作定语。
这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。