2022-2023学年湖南省长沙市麓山国际学校高一（上）期末英语试卷(含答案解析)

这是一份2022-2023学年湖南省长沙市麓山国际学校高一（上）期末英语试卷(含答案解析)，共20页。

2022-2023学年湖南省长沙市麓山国际学校高一（上）期末英语试卷

A
Canadian Rockies Family Multi-adventure Camping Tour

Day 1：Awesome views of Mount Rundle and Cascade Mountain are you to admire as you bike through Banff to Lake Minnewanka.Not ready to stop？Ride to Johnston Canyon and hike to a series of impressive waterfalls before arriving at your campsite.
Day 2：Travel around Kootenay National Park on foot.Witness a vast wildfire burnt area while keeping an eye out for the new-growth forest.Move into a hanging valley for a view of extraordinary Sianley Glacier.Hike a family-friendly route through a beautiful valley and stand in awe.of the wonderful upper and lower waterfalls.
Day 3：Keep your eye on the forest for deer，sheep and bears as you cycle to Lake Louise.Visit Moraine Lake and walk through an ice-carved valley beneath huge mountains to Consolation Lake.Kids join leaders for a special night out while adults relax at our campsite.
Day 4：Rafting on the Kicking Horse River-a good time with a taste of white-water thrills!The.younger crowd teams up with a local guide for a rock-climbing lesson while grown-ups go for a classic Rockies walk to the historic Plain of Six Glaciers Teahouse.Dig into a tasty lunch before returning to Banff.
Dates and Prices
Children 11 to 17 years old receive a 10% saving and children 4 to 10 years old receive a20% saving.The earlier you book，the more choice you'll have and the lower your price will 'be.Arid you can always change your mind--you won't be charged if you plan to go on another trip before your final payment is due.
July 1-4，2022：﹩1，800 per person
July 5-4，2022：﹩1，900 per person
August 1-4，2022：＄2，000 per person
August 5-8，2022：﹩2，100 per person


1. What will tourists do on the second day of the tour？ ______
A. Set up camp at Johnston Canyon.
B. Witness a vast wildfire in person.
C. Explore Kootenay National Park.
D. Walk through an ice-carved valley.
2. On which day can kids learn rock climbing？ ______
A. Day 1. B. Day 2. C. Day 3. D. Day 4.
3. How much should an 8-year-old boy pay for his trip during August 1-4？ ______
A. ﹩1，600. B. ﹩1，800. C. ﹩2，000. D. ﹩2，100
B
Do you still remember the scene in the famous movie Titanic,directed by Cameron,where Jack was frozen to death in the icy cold water so that Rose could survive（存活）on the floating（浮动的）door alone？It broke many people's hearts.
Twenty years later,people are still asking the question,"Wasn't there enough room on the door for both of them？"
Cameron once responded by saying it wasn't a question of room,but -if both of them had tried to stay on the door,he argued,the whole thing would sink.
But several guys from "Myth Busters"，an Australian-American science entertainment television program,decided to test the theory themselves.They discovered that if Rose had taken off her life jacket to the bottom of the door,there would have been enough buoyancy to keep both of them afloat.
When they presented their findings to Cameron,the director insisted that Jack couldn't be saved.
"The answer is very simple,"Cameron said."Because it says on Page 147 of the script that Jack dies." To Cameron,it was an artistic choice to have the beloved character of millions,Jack,sink into the cold sea.Jack had to die because Cameron thought it would be best.
"It was an artistic choice.The thing was just big enough to hold her,and not big enough to hold both,"Cameron said."I think it's all kind of silly,really,that we're having this discussion 20 years later.But it does show that the film was effective in making Jack so beloved by the audience that it hurts them to see him die.The film is about death and separation；he had to die."
Since Jack had to die,Cameron said,it could have happened in a variety of different ways.It's not about the door not being big enough：that's just a practical method for his death."Whether it was that,or whether a chimney fell on him,he was going down," Cameron said."It's called art：things happen for artistic reasons,not for physics reasons."
4. What do we know about the character Jack according to the text？ ______
A. He wanted to kill himself.
B. He gave up his own life to save Rose.
C. He didn't have money to buy the ticket.
D. He lacked basic knowledge of physics.
5. What does the underlined word "buoyancy" in Paragraph 3 mean？ ______
A. The ability to float. B. The tendency to sink.
C. The amount of space. D. The quality of the material.
6. According to Cameron,why did the audience argue about Jack's death for 20 years？ ______
A. They are weak people. B. They don't like the movie.
C. They love the character Jack. D. They are crazy about physics.
7. Why was a chimney mentioned in the last paragraph？ ______
A. To introduce how the ship was built.
B. To show the original plan of the movie.
C. To present the missing part of the movie.
D. To explain the unchangeable death of Jack.
C
The Internet plays a big part in human life.We use it for work and pleasure.We use it to learn a new language.We find advice on it.We use it to connect with family and friends.We use it to stay in touch with events we care about.The list goes on and on.
But can using the Internet too much be bad for our health？It might be,researchers say.A new study finds that heavy Internet use may be connected to high blood pressure in an unlikely group：teenagers.
High blood pressure makes your heart and blood vessels（血管）work too hard.Over time,this extra pressure increases your risk of a heart attack.High blood pressure can also cause heart and kidney（肾脏）diseases.It is also closely linked to a brain disease.
The Henry Ford Hospital in Detroit,Michigan did the study.335 young people,from 14 to 17 years old,took part in it.134 of the teens were described as "heavy Internet users".And researchers found that out of these 134 teens,26 had high blood pressure.The researchers say the study is the first to connect heavy Internet use with high blood pressure.Other research has connected heavy Internet use with anxiety,depression and obesity（肥胖）.
The lead researcher is Andrea Cassidy-Bushrow.She said,"Using the Internet ispart of our daily life,but it shouldn't ruin us." Ms Cassidy-Bushrow adds that it is important for teens to take regular breaks from their computers or smartphones and do some kind of physical activity.She also suggests that parents limit their children's use of the Internet to two hours a day,five days a week.
8. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 imply？ ______
A. The Internet develops rapidly.
B. No one can escape from the Internet.
C. The Internet can provide whatever we want.
D. There is no going back to an Internet-free life.
9. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about？ ______
A. Causes of high blood pressure.
B. The harm of high blood pressure.
C. The disadvantages of Internet use.
D. Ways to prevent high blood pressure.
10. Which of the following statements may Andrea Cassidy-Bushrow agree with？ ______
A. Teenagers shouldn't use the Internet.
B. The Internet will ruin human life in the future.
C. Smartphones are more harmful than computers.
D. Regular breaks are necessary when teens are using the Internet.
11. What does the text mainly tell us？ ______
A. Heavy Internet users are mostly teenagers.
B. We should prevent teenagers from the Internet.
C. Too much Internet use may be bad for teenagers.
D. Every coin has two sides—so does the Internet.
D
To solve a big environmental problem,chemists in the Czech Republic have been thinking small.Really small.Their new minirobot has one purpose：to help clean up tiny bits of plastic polluting waterways across the globe.
Each new robot is no bigger than the tip of a sharpened pencil.They are magnetic（有磁性的）and shaped like stars.When sunlight hits them,they produce chemical reactions that push them through water in a specific direction.When they find a piece of plastic,they stick to it and start to break it down.When the light goes out,they let go and are free to be used again.
"This work is great," says Douglas Blackiston at Tufts University in Medford,Mass.He's a biologist who did not work on the project but knows about such devices.He's been designing robots out of living cells,including some that might help with pollution cleanup.Speaking of the new one,he mentions that,"These robots can eat plastic.They chew it up.Or they can recover it and be collected with a magnet.Scientists love robots with all these capabilities."
Chemist Martin Pumera at the Czech University of Chemistry and Technology in Prague led the project.He studies ways to build microrobots.About a decade ago,he says,scientists began developing tiny bots that could move themselves in water.Then,they had to find them a mission and thought "Let's make them do something useful." Since then,Pumera has focused on the problem posed by microplastics,which are everywhere-from the bottom of the ocean to air blowing onto ice atop mountains.They've turned up in drinking water,both bottled and tap water,and some studies estimate that trillions of pieces of plastic end up in the world's waters.The plastic has many sources,from drinking straws and shopping bags to laundry and cleaning wipes.
Plastic doesn't easily degrade or fall apart,and that's always been one of its appeals.
Pumera says his final goal is to make cheap and environmentally friendly robots that can be used anywhere in the world.
12. What do the new robots mainly do？ ______
A. To collect tiny bits of plastic in the sea.
B. To push the pollution in water away.
C. To help do research into the plastic.
D. To deal with the plastic in water.
13. How do the new robots get powered？ ______
A. By stars. B. By plastic.
C. By sunlight. D. By living cells.
14. Why did Pumera take part in the project？ ______
A. Because of public attention to the plastic.
B. Because of the challenges from the plastic.
C. Because he was asked to do so by other scientists.
D. Because he was inspired by the invention of microrobots.
15. What is the best title of the article？ ______
A. Small robots,big dreams.
B. No plastic in water anymore!
C. Robots,winners against plastic.
D. The fight between robots and plastic.
If your daily schedule has you sitting still for hours,it's important to move to avoid the negative health influences of "sitting for long" throughout your day. (1) That's 24 minutes of exercise daily.Create a practical plan to make three-minute movement every hour during an eight-hour workday.
Move your hands to relieve tension.The tension in your hands from typing might contribute to that in your shoulders.Fix your attention on one hand at a time when performing hand exercises. (2) Make a tight fist and then open your hand and spread your fingers as wide as possible.Repeat five times.
Move your feet,too.Spending just a few minutes a day actively moving your feet and ankles can have a great impact on how you feel throughout your body.
Raise your energy and mood with a dance.It's common for both mental and physical energy to decline in the afternoon after lunch.Why not take an energetic dance to one of your favorite beats？ (3) Simply let your body move to the music.
Don't forget to walk.Walking is one of the most accessible,total-body,fat-burning exercises available to humankind. (4)
(5) After only a week of practicing this plan,you can definitely notice a boost in your overall health and fitness.


A.Make sure the hand is long-fingered.
B.Most songs average three to four minutes.
C.You should stick to it and walk as long as you can.
D.Rest an elbow on your desk to make it stable（稳定的）.
E.What if you get up and move for three minutes every hour？
F.Every day,try to take at least a 10-minute walk-ideally,outside.
G.Create a habit of getting out of your chair hourly for a few minutes of movement.

16.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
My father was an ill-humored man.I knew he loved me and his love was (21).He just didn't know how to express it.
One evening we went out for a night on the town.We were sitting in a famous restaurant that had a small but lively (22).When there came a familiar waltz tune （曲调） I decided to invite him for a dance. "Dad,you know I've never danced with you.I begged you but you (23) wanted to.How about right now？"
I waited for the usual(24).But instead he considered thoughtfully and then a surprising twinkle appeared in his eyes. "Let's hit the floor and I'll show you just what kind of moves an (25) guy like me can still make. "
My father took me in his arms and I felt overcome by(26).As we danced I (27) my father but he avoided my gaze （注视）. "Dad," I finally whispered,tears in my eyes, "why is it so hard for you to look at me？" At last his (28) dropped to my face and he studied me. "Because I love you so much, " he said.I was struck dumb （愣住） by his response.It wasn't what I had (29).But it was of course exactly what I needed to hear.His own eyes were teary and he was blinking.
I had always known that he loved me.I just hadn't understood that his deep emotion had (30) him and made him mute （沉默的）. "I love you too,Dad!" I said softly.He stumbled over the next few words, "I'm sorry that I'm not good at showing feelings.It's(31) for me,but just remember how much I love you. "
When the dance ended I excused myself to the ladies' room and during my absence (32) changed.Dad fell down heavily in his chair.Everything was really all too(33).He was gone.
Now I still remember our waltz on the dance floor and his sudden confession （坦白） to me.It was (34) the first,last and only dance that I ever had with my father.What a blessing that we had the chance to say (35) it was too late.
21.  A. deep B. healthy C. silent D. shallow
22.  A. theatre B. band C. counter D. cafe
23.  A. always B. sometimes C. seldom D. never
24.  A. invitation B. approval C. refusal D. struggle
25.  A. eager B. expert C. old D. energetic
26.  A. emotions B. sadness C. concerns D. tension
27.  A. looked down on B. looked through C. looked up at D. looked into
28.  A. kiss B. words C. hand D. eyes
29.  A. admired B. desired C. expected D. responded
30.  A. comforted B. frightened C. punished D. guarded
31.  A. enough B. normal C. horrible D. hard
32.  A. nothing B. little C. much D. everything
33.  A. early B. extreme C. late D. negative
34.  A. likely B. indeed C. just D. already
35.  A. before B. while C. though D. until
36. In Mark Twain's Adventures of Huckleberry Finn,the friendship that forms between Huck Finn and Jim is an important theme of the book, (1) they appear to be an unlikely pair.Huck is a poor white boy whose father often beats him,while Jim is a black slave who (2) （long）to be free.One day,Huck runs away from home to an island.There he meets Jim and makes friends with him.Then they leave the island together on a raft (3) （find）on the Mississippi River.They head towards Illinois, (4) state in the north,where Jim can be free.The high point of the story comes when Huck (5) （face）with the decision of whether (6) （hand）Jim over to some slave catchers.In the end,Huck decides that Jim is a friend whom he needs and values,and refuses to give him (7) ．From this story we can see that friends are people who support you (8) thick and thin.Just (9) Ralph Waldo Emerson once said,the glory of friendship is the spiritual (10) （inspire）that comes to one when he discovers that someone else believes in him and is willing to trust him.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
37. 假定你是苏华，你的英国朋友John来信询问中国人过春节的风俗习惯．请你结合自己家乡的实际情况给他回信．
【写作要点】
1．春节的简介；
2．过春节的风俗习惯；
3．邀请他来中国过春节．
【写作要求】
1．词数80-100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯：
3．作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称．
参考词汇：贴春联 stick couplets
Dear John，
__________
Yours，
Su Hua
38. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
    A little boy selling magazines for school walked up to a house that people hardly visited. The house was very old and the owner hardly ever came out. When he did come out he would not say hello to neighbors or passers-by but simply just glare (瞪眼看) at them.
    The boy knocked on the door and waited, sweating from fear of the old man. The boy's parents told him to stay away from the house. A lot of the other neighborhood children were told the same from their parents.
    As he was ready to walk away, the door slowly opened. "What do you want?" the old man said. The little boy was very afraid but he had a quota (份额) to meet for school with selling the magazines.
    "Uh, sir, I am selling these magazines and uh I was wondering if you would like to buy one." The old man just stared at the boy. The boy could see inside the old man's house and saw that he had dog figurines (小狗雕像) on the wall. "Do you collect dogs?" the little boy asked. "Yes, I have many collections in my house. They are my family here. They are all I have." The boy then felt sorry for the man, as it seemed that he was a very lonely soul. "Well, I do have a magazine here for collectors. It is perfect for you. I also have one about dogs since you like dogs so much." The old man was ready to close the door on the boy and said, "No boy, I don't need any magazines of any kind, now goodbye."
    The little boy was sad that he was not going to make his quota with the sale. He was also sad for the old man being so alone in the big house that he owned. The boy went home and then had an idea. He had a little dog figurine that he got some years ago from an aunt. The figurine did not mean nearly as much to him since he had a real live dog and a large family.
注意
1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1:
    The boy headed back down to the old man's house with the figurine.
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
    From that day on something changed inside the old man.
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
39. In a society where being thin is often seen as being beautiful，teenagers sometimes ______ to slim down quickly.（根据句意填空）
40. Hopefully，next time you go to the cinema，you'll ______all those talented people behind the scenes. （根据句意填空）
41. Most people assume that regular exercise ______ the body and mind. （根据句意填空）
42. Neither can exist independent of the other；for example， ______.（根据句意填空）
43. With the celebrations of these festivals，younger generations learn to ______.（根据句意填空）
答案和解析

1~3.【答案】C、D、A
【解析】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了加拿大洛基山家庭多元化露营之旅的行程安排和价格。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

1. 
（1）细节理解题。根据Day 2部分中的Travel around Kootenay National Park on foot.（徒步在Kootenay国家公园间穿梭。）可知，游客在旅行的第二天可以探索Kootenay国家公园，故选C。
2. 
（2）细节理解题。根据Day 4（第四天）部分中的The.younger crowd teams up with a local guide for a rock-climbing lesson（年轻的人和当地的向导一起上攀岩课）可知，在第四天孩子可以学习攀岩，故选D。
3. 
（3）数字计算题。根据Dates and Prices部分中的children 4 to 10 years old receive a20% saving.（4至10岁的儿童可以获得20%的折扣。）和August 1-4，2022：＄2，000 per person（2020年8月1-4日：每人2000美元）可知，一个八岁的孩子在8月1-4日期间应该支付：＄2，000×0.8=＄1600。故选A。


4~7.【答案】B、A、C、D
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段中的Jack was frozen to death in the icy cold water so that Rose could survive on the floating door alone.（Jack被冻死在冰冷的水中是为了Rose能一个人在漂浮的门板上活下来）可知，根据文章我们对Jack这个角色的了解是：他为了救Rose牺牲了自己的生命。故选B。
（2）词义猜测题。根据buoyancy后面破折号后的解释说明"if both of them had tried to stay on the door,he argued,the whole thing would sink.（如果两个人都在门上，他辩论说，那么连人带门都会沉没。）可知，这不是空间不足的问题，而是浮力的问题。第三段中带下划线的意思是：漂浮的能力。A.The ability to float.漂浮的能力；B.The tendency to sink.下沉的倾向；C.The amount of space.空间的量；D.The quality of the material.材料的质量。故选A。
（3）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的第四句But it does show that the film was effective in making Jack so beloved by the audience that it hurts them to see him die. （但那确实表明，这部电影有效地把Jack塑造得让观众非常喜爱，以至于看到他死去他们感到心痛。）可知，Cameron认为，观众之所以争论Jack的死，是因为他们喜欢这个角色。故选C。
（4）目的意图题。根据最后一段中的前三句Since Jack had to die,Cameron said,it could have happened in a variety of different ways.It's not about the door not being big enough：that's just a practical method for his death. "Whether it was that,or whether a chimney fell on him,he was going down," Cameron said. （Cameron说，既然Jack必须死，那就有可能以各种不同的方式死去。不是门板够不够大的问题：那不过是一种对于他来说可行的死亡方式。Cameron说："不管是那个，还是烟囱砸到他身上，他都要倒下。"。）可知在最后一段提到烟囱是因为：以解释Jack无法改变的死亡。故选D。
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了观众提出了对电影《泰坦尼克号》中Jack为了救Rose之死的质疑。导演给出了Jack非死不可的理由。
阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。

8~11.【答案】D、B、D、C
【解析】（1）词句猜测题。文章第一段讲了现在因特网对于人类生活来说至关重要，并列举了我们日常生活中用到因特网的方方面面。第二段作者引用了that train has left the station. （那列火车已经出站了。）这句话，紧跟着又提出关于过度使用因特网会不会影响我们的健康的疑问。由此可推知，在此处所要表达的意思就是：我们不能返回到没有因特网的生活了。故选D。
（2）段落大意题。根据第三段High blood pressure makes your heart and blood vessels （血管） work too hard.Over time,this extra pressure increases your risk of a heart attack.High blood pressure can also cause heart and kidney （肾脏） diseases.It is also closely linked to a brain disease.（高血压会使你的心脏和血管工作过度。随着时间的推移，这种额外的压力会增加你心脏病发作的风险。高血压还会引起心脏和肾脏疾病。它还与一种脑部疾病密切相关。）可知，本段主要介绍了高血压的危害。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据第五段it is important for teens to take regular breaks from their computers or smartphones and do some kind of physical activity. （对于青少年来说，远离电脑或智能手机，经常休息并且做一些体育活动，这是很重要的。）可知，Andrea Cassidy-Bushrow认为在使用互联网的同时，休息和运动是非常重要的。故选D。
（4）主旨大意题。根据第二段中的But can using the Internet too much be bad for our health？It might be,researchers say.A new study finds that heavy Internet use may be connected to high blood pressure in an unlikely group：teenagers.（但是过度使用互联网对我们的健康有害吗？研究人员说，可能是这样。一项新的研究发现，过度使用互联网可能会导致一个不太可能的群体患高血压：青少年。）及下文介绍可知，本篇文章主要讲了过度使用互联网可能对青少年有害。故选C。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了最近一项新的研究发现，青少年如果过度使用因特网的话可能导致高血压。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

12~15.【答案】D、C、B、A
【解析】（1）D.细节理解题。根据第一段内容To solve a big environmental problem,chemists in the Czech Republic have been thinking small.Really small.Their new minirobot has one purpose：to help clean up tiny bits of plastic polluting waterways across the globe.（为了解决一个大的环境问题，捷克共和国的化学家们一直在考虑小问题。真的很小。他们的新型微型机器人有一个目的：帮助清理全球污染水道的塑料碎片。）可知，这种新型微型机器人用来帮助清理全球污染水道的塑料碎片，由此可知，新机器人主要处理水中的塑料。故选D项。
（2）C.推理判断题。根据第二段When sunlight hits them,they produce chemical reactions that push them through water in a specific direction.When they find a piece of plastic,they stick to it and start to break it down.When the light goes out,they let go and are free to be used again.（当阳光照射到它们时，它们会产生化学反应，将它们按特定的方向在水中推进。当他们发现一块塑料时，他们会粘在上面并开始分解。当灯熄灭时，它们松开，可以自由再次使用。）可知，当阳光照射到这种机器人时，它们会产生化学反应，将它们按特定的方向在水中推进，发现并处理垃圾，由此可知，新机器人是通过阳光获得动力的。故选C项。
（3）B.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Then,they had to find them a mission and thought "Let's make them do something useful." Since then,Pumera has focused on the problem posed by microplastics,which are everywhere—from the bottom of the ocean to air blowing onto ice atop mountains.（然后，他们不得不给它们找一个任务，并想"我们让他们做一些有用的事情。"从那时起，Pumera开始关注微塑料带来的问题，从海底到空气吹到的山顶的冰上，微塑料无处不在。）和Plastic doesn't easily degrade or fall apart,and that's always been one of its appeals.（塑料不容易降解或分解，这一直是它的吸引力之一。）可知，Pumera希望自己研发的机器人能做一些有用的事情，他开始关注微塑料带来的问题，塑料不容易降解或分解，给环境带来了挑战，这是吸引Pumera从事该项研究的原因之一，由此可知，Pumera参与该项目是因为塑料带来的挑战。故选B项。
（4）A.标题判断题。通读文章，结合第一段内容To solve a big environmental problem,chemists in the Czech Republic have been thinking small.Really small.Their new minirobot has one purpose：to help clean up tiny bits of plastic polluting waterways across the globe.（为了解决一个大的环境问题，捷克共和国的化学家们一直在考虑小问题。真的很小。他们的新型微型机器人有一个目的：帮助清理全球污染水道的塑料碎片。）可知，本文主要介绍了化学家们发明的微型机器人，它可以解决一个大的环境问题，那就是帮助清理全球污染水道的塑料碎片，机器人虽小，但能解决大的问题，"Small robots,big dreams"意为"小机器人，大梦想"，能够概括文章主要内容，作为题目最合适，故选A项。
这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了一种新型微型机器人，它可以帮助清理全球污染水道的塑料碎片。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

16~20.【答案】E、D、B、F、G
【解析】（1）阅读计算题。根据空格后That's 24 minutes of exercise daily. （那就是每天24分钟的锻炼。）以及to make three - minute movement every hour during an eight - hour workday（制定一个切实可行的计划，在一个八小时的工作日内每小时做三分钟的运动。）可知，E选项：What if you get up and move for three minutes every hour？（如果你每小时起来走动三分钟呢？），和后文的每天三分钟的运动相符，也对应一天八小时工作日，8乘以3=24分钟。故选E。
（2）推理判断题。根据空格后Make a tight fist and then open your hand and spread your fingers as wide as possible. （握紧拳头，然后张开你的手，把手指尽量张开。）可知，空格处应该在介绍手的运动的第一个步骤，D选项：Rest an elbow on your desk to make it stable（稳定的）.（把一只胳膊肘放在桌子上使它稳定。）符合语境。故选D。
（3）逻辑关系题。由本段的主题句Raise your energy and mood with a dance. "（通过跳舞来提升你的能量和情绪。）以及空后的Simply let your body move to the music. （简单地让你的身体随着音乐移动。）B选项：Most songs average three to four minutes.（大多数歌曲平均3到4分钟。）描述音乐的长度，引起下文。故选B。
（4）推理判断题。根据空格前句子Don't forget to walk.Walking is one of the most accessible,total-body,fat-burning exercises available to humankind. （别忘了走路。步行是人类最容易进行的全身脂肪燃烧运动之一。）可推断此处介绍walking的合理时长。F选项：Every day,try to take at least a 10-minute walk-ideally,outside.（每天，尽量至少在户外散步10分钟。）符合语境。故选F。
（5）细节理解题。根据空格后句子"After only a week of practicing this plan,you can definitely notice a boost in your overall health and fitness.（在仅仅一周的实践这个计划之后，你肯定会注意到你的整体健康状况有所改善。）可知空格处解释this plan的内容，G选项：Create a habit of getting out of your chair hourly for a few minutes of movement.（养成每小时从椅子上站起来做几分钟运动的习惯。）引起下文，符合语境。故选G。
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了对于每天的日程安排一坐就是几个小时的人的几种锻炼方式。
"七选五"这样的题型，主要目的在于考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。解题时最主要的两个步骤就是1．理清文章的逻辑和结构，2．在所给的原文中找出关键词或者说是线索词。文章的整体思路能帮助你在答案中筛选出符合逻辑的选项，关键词则能帮助你确定更多的细节，排除相近的选项。得出正确的答案。

21~35.【答案】A、B、D、C、C、A、C、D、C、B、D、D、C、B、A
【解析】（1）A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.deep深的；B.healthy健康的；C.silent沉默的；D.shallow浅的。句意：父亲是个脾气不好的人。"我"知道他爱 "我"，只是他的爱深沉并且他不知道如何表达。根据后文"I had always known that he loved me.I just hadn't understood that his deep emotion had（10）him and made him mute （沉默的）"（我一直知道他爱我。我只是不明白，他的情绪如此之深，竟把他吓得哑口无言）可知爸爸的爱很深沉。故选A。
（2）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.theatre剧院；B.band乐队；C.counter柜台；D.cafe咖啡馆。句意：一天晚上，我们到城里去玩了一夜。我们坐在一家有名的餐馆里，那里有一支小而热闹的乐队。根据后句"When there came a familiar waltz tune （曲调） I decided to invite him for a dance."（当响起熟悉的华尔兹舞曲时，我决定请他跳支舞。）可知是乐队在演奏。故选B。
（3）D.考查副词及语境理解。A.always总是；B.sometimes有时；C.seldom很少；D.never从未。句意：我求过你，但你从没想过。"but"表示转折，说明上句作者乞求父亲，但是爸爸从没有和作者跳过舞。故选D。
（4）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.invitation邀请；B.approval批准；C.refusal拒绝；D.struggle挣扎。句意：我等待着通常的拒绝。根据上句"I begged you but you（3）wanted to.."（我求过你，但你从没答应过。）可知是父亲拒绝作者的跳舞请求。故选C。
（5）C.考查形容词及语境理解。A.eager渴望的；B.expert专家的；C.old老的；D.energetic活力四射的。句意：让我们跳舞，我来告诉你像我这样的老人还能做出什么样的动作。可知，平时脾气不好又从来不跳舞的父亲应该是想用幽默化解自己的不自在或紧张，"old guy"这个自嘲的称呼最适合父亲的人设，故选C。
（6）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.emotions情绪；B.sadness悲伤；C.concerns关注；D.tension紧张。句意：父亲把我抱在怀里，我情绪激动。feel overcome by…被（情绪）压倒，受到……极大影响。爸爸拥"我"（起舞），此刻"我"的心情应该是非常激动的，有惊讶也有喜悦。故选A。
（7）C.考查介词短语及语境理解。A.looked down on看不起；B.looked through浏览；C.looked up at抬头看；D.looked into调查。句意：跳舞的时候，我抬头看了看父亲，但他避开了我的目光。根据后句"but he avoided my gaze（注视）"（但他避开了我的目光）可知是作者注视父亲。故选C。
（8）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.kiss吻；B.words言辞；C.hand手；D.eyes眼睛。句意：最后，他的目光落到了我的脸上，仔细打量着我。根据后句"and he studied me."（仔细打量着我。）可知父亲低头看作者。故选D。
（9）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.admired被钦佩的；B.desired渴望；C.expected期望；D.responded回应。句意：这不是我所预料到的。根据后句"But it was of course exactly what I needed to hear.His own eyes were teary and he was blinking."（但这当然正是我需要听到的。他自己的眼睛也在流泪，他眨着眼睛。）可知爸爸的眼睛也在流泪是作者没有预料到的。故选C。
（10）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.comforted安慰；B.frightened害怕的；C.punished惩罚；D.guarded保卫。句意：我一直知道他爱我。我只是不明白，他的强烈情感使他害怕，使他哑口无言。作者明白父亲深沉的情感让他害怕（表达出对女儿的爱），因而从不用语言来表达父爱，故选B。
（11）D.考查形容词及语境理解。A.enough足够的；B.normal正常的；C.horrible可怕的；D.hard困难的。句意：对不起，我不擅长表达感情。这对我来说很难，但请记住我有多爱你。根据上文"I knew he loved me and his love was （1）.He just didn't know how to express it. "（我知道他爱我，他的爱是深的。他只是不知道如何表达。）可知父亲的对作者的爱是很难表达的。故选D。
（12）D.考查不定代词及语境理解。A.nothing没有什么；B.little很少；C.much很多；D.everything所有的。句意：舞会结束后，我去了女洗手间，我不在的时候，一切都变了。根据后文"He was gone."（爸爸去世了）可知一切都变了。故选D。
（13）C.考查形容词及语境理解。A.early早的；B.extreme及其的；C.late晚的；D.negative否定的。句意：一切都太迟了。根据后文"He was gone."（爸爸去世了）可知一切都太迟了。故选C。
（14）B.考查副词及语境理解。A.likely可能地；B.indeed确实；C.just刚刚；D.already已经。句意：这的确是我和父亲跳的第一支、最后一支、也是唯一一支舞。根据上文"I begged you but you（3）wanted to."（我求过你，但你从没答应过。）可知是父亲拒绝作者的跳舞请求。可知事实上这是作者和爸爸第一次跳舞。故选B。
（15）A.考查连词及语境理解。A.before在…之前；B.while当什么时候；C.though尽管；D.until直到。句意：在为时已晚之前，我们有机会说上几句是多么幸运的事。值得庆幸的是，"我们"能在不算太迟的时候有机会表达"我们"的感情。before it was too late"趁一切都还来得及。"故选A。
这是一篇记叙文，作者回忆了和父亲的第一次也是最后一次跳舞的场景，感动于父亲深沉的爱，并表达了对他的怀念和有生之年得以与父亲共舞一场的庆幸。
完形填空考查学生综合运用语言的能力。做题时，要先通读全文，掌握大意，然后结合选项，仔细阅读文章，选择最适合语境的词，注意上下文的呼应及语境。作出正确的选择。

36.【答案】【小题1】though/although
【小题2】longs
【小题3】found
【小题4】a
【小题5】is faced
【小题6】to hand
【小题7】up
【小题8】through
【小题9】as
【小题10】inspiration
【解析】（1）考查让步状语从句。句意：在马克•吐温的《哈克贝利•费恩历险记》中，哈克•费恩和吉姆之间形成的友谊是这本书的一个重要主题，尽管他们似乎不太可能是一对。引导让步状语从句，表示"尽管"应用though或although。故填though/although。
（2）考查时态及主谓一致。句意：哈克是一个贫穷的白人男孩，他的父亲经常打他，而吉姆是一个渴望自由的黑人奴隶。根据上文is可知为一般现在时，定语从句中谓语与先行词slave保持一致，应用第三人称单数形式。故填longs。
（3）考查过去分词。句意：然后他们一起乘坐在密西西比河上发现的木筏离开小岛。分析句子结构可知find在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语raft构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填found。
（4）考查冠词。句意：他们前往北部的伊利诺伊州，在那里吉姆可以获得自由。state"州"为可数名词，此处表泛指应用不定冠词，且state是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用a。故填a。
（5）考查固定短语和时态。句意：故事的高潮是当哈克面临是否把吉姆交给一些奴隶捕手的决定时。结合句意表示"面临"短语为be faced with,根据上文comes可知为一般现在时，主语为Huck,谓语用单数。故填is faced。
（6）考查动词不定式。句意：故事的高潮是当哈克面临是否把吉姆交给一些奴隶捕手的决定时。此处为"疑问词+不定式"作宾语。故填to hand。
（7）考查固定短语。句意：最后，哈克认定吉姆是他需要的朋友，是他珍视的朋友，并拒绝放弃他。结合句意表示"放弃"可知短语为give up。故填up。
（8）考查介词。句意：从这个故事我们可以看到，朋友是那些在任何情况下都支持你的人。结合句意表示"在任何情况下"可知短语为through thick and thin。故填through。
（9）考查定语从句。句意：正如拉尔夫•沃尔多•爱默生曾经说过的那样，友谊的荣耀在于当一个人发现别人相信他并愿意信任他时，他会得到精神上的鼓舞。引导非限制性定语从句，表示"正如"应用as。故填as。
（10）考查不可数名词。句意：正如拉尔夫•沃尔多•爱默生曾经说过的那样，友谊的荣耀在于当一个人发现别人相信他并愿意信任他时，他会得到精神上的鼓舞。此处作表语，表示"鼓舞"应用名词inspiration,不可数。故填inspiration。
这是一篇说明文。介绍了马克•吐温的《哈克贝利•费恩历险记》的故事情节以及故事所传递出的友谊的真谛。
高考语法填空是一道综合性比较强，考查点比较多的一个题型。考查形式分为有提示词以及无提示词，考生要理解语篇，必须灵活运用各种语法知识，如单词词性、单词时态、名词单复数、连接词、代词、冠词等判断各空白处应填写的内容。最后再通读全文。

37.【答案】Dear John，
Thank you for your Email.I'm more than happy to share with you what I know. 【高分句型一】（感谢）
Spring Festival is the most ceremonious traditional festival of the Chinese nation. （春节的简介） It is a happy and peaceful festival for family and friends to get together and a bond for people to deepen their feelings.In order to celebrate Spring Festival，we will stick couplets，set off firecrackers，have dinner，watch the Spring Festival Gala，and so on. 【高分句型二】There is a happy atmosphere everywhere.（过春节的风俗习惯）
I'd like to invite you to China for the Spring Festival with us.（邀请）
Best wishes!
Yours，
Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一：I'm more than happy to share with you what I know.
译文：我非常乐意和你分享我所知道的。
分析：这句话使用what引导宾语从句。
高分句型二：In order to celebrate Spring Festival，we will stick couplets，set off firecrackers，have dinner，watch the Spring Festival Gala，and so on.
译文：为了庆祝春节，我们会贴对联、放鞭炮、吃饭、看春节联欢晚会等等。
分析：这句话使用in order to do意为"为了"。
这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法．需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可．写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题．尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次．同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少．

38.【答案】   The boy headed back down to the old man's house with the figurine. He knocked on the door again and this time the old man came right to the door. "Boy, I thought I told you no magazines!" The old man stared at him angrily. "I know that, sir. I just wanted to bring you a gift." The little boy handed him the dog figurine. Looking at the boy, the old man was too surprised to say anything and simply smiled in tears, as no one had ever shown him so much kindness.
​​​​​​​    From that day on something changed inside the old man. He started coming out of the house and talking to his neighbors. Soon, he and the boy became friends. The boy visited the old man frequently and brought his real live dog to his house once in a while. He even invited the old man to join his family for Christmas dinner. With the boy's company, the old man was no longer a lonely soul.
【解析】一、文意梳理
【原文大意】本文主要以时间为线索展开。讲述了一个小男孩在卖杂志的时候，来到了一个老人的家，这个老人性格孤僻，不与人打交道，老人拒绝买杂志。小男孩看到房子的墙上有一些小狗雕像，老人解释说，这些小狗雕像就如同他的家人，陪伴着他。男孩听到后，对老人感到同情。男孩回到了家，想到了一个好主意。
【段落续写】
①根据第一段首句内容“男孩带着雕像回到老人家。”可知，第一段可描写小男孩回到老人的房子之后发生的事情。
②根据第二段首句内容“从那天起，老人的内心发生了变化。”可知，第二段可描写老人具体发生了哪些变化。
二、线索理清
【续写线索】
送小狗雕像——老人感到惊讶、感动——老人开始和邻居谈话——男孩与老人成为朋友，陪伴老人——老人不再孤独
【词汇激活】
行为类：
①递送雕像：hand him the dog figurine/pass the dog figurine to him
②谈话：talk/chat/make conversation
③陪伴：company/accompany/keep company
情绪类：
①惊讶：surprised/astonished/shocked/lost in wonder
②感动：in tears/be greatly touched/be deeply moved
③孤独：lonely/solitary
衔接类
①不久之后：Soon/Soon after/Before long/Sometime later/Shortly afterwards/Not long after
三、范文鉴赏
【高分句式】
①Looking at the boy, the old man was too surprised to say anything and simply smiled in tears, as no one had ever shown him so much kindness.（动词的-ing形式做状语；as引导的原因状语从句）

39.【答案】turn to extreme methods
【解析】根据句意及所给句子可知，此处意为"转向极端的方法"，"转向"是turn to，"极端的"是extreme，"方法"是method，要用复数，句子陈述目前的情况，应用一般现在时，主语teenagers是复数，因此turn用原形。
故填：turn to extreme methods。
在一个以瘦为美的社会里，青少年们有时转向极端的方法来快速减肥。
完成句子，要弄清楚句意，然后按要求完成句子。

40.【答案】spare a thought for
【解析】由"you go to the cinema"和"all those talented people behind the scenes"可知，句子表示"希望下次你去电影院的时候，能想到幕后那些有才华的人"，此处意为"想到"，应用spare a thought for，you'll是you will的缩写，will后跟动词原形。
故填：spare a thought for。
希望下次你去电影院的时候，能想到幕后那些有才华的人。
完成句子，要弄清楚句意，然后按要求完成句子。

41.【答案】does wonders for
【解析】根据"regular exercise"和"for the body and mind"可知，此处是指有规律的锻炼对身体和大脑都有神奇的作用，应用动词短语do wonders for表示"对……产生奇效"。此处描述客观事实，所以应用一般现在时。主语exercise为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数。
故填：does wonders for。
大多数人认为有规律的锻炼对身体和大脑都有神奇的作用。
完成句子，要弄清楚句意，然后按要求完成句子。

42.【答案】there is no shadow without light
【解析】根据"Neither can exist independent of the other；for example"可知，句子表示"任何一方都不能独立于另一方而存在；例如，没有光就没有阴影"，此处意为"没有光就没有阴影"，翻译为there be句型，"没有光"是without light，"没有阴影"是no shadow，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，因此此处是there is no shadow without light。
故填：there is no shadow without light。
任何一方都不能独立于另一方而存在；例如，没有光就没有阴影。
完成句子，要弄清楚句意，然后按要求完成句子。

43.【答案】honour/honor fine Chinese values
【解析】根据"the celebrations of these festivals，younger generations learn to"可知，句子表示"通过庆祝这些节日，年轻一代学会尊重优秀的中国价值观"，此处意为"尊重优良的中国价值观"，"尊重"是honour/honor，"优良的"是fine，"中国价值观"是Chinese values，learn to do"学习做某事"，因此此处动词用原形。
故填：honour/honor fine Chinese values。
通过庆祝这些节日，年轻一代学会尊重优良的中国价值观。
完成句子，要弄清楚句意，然后按要求完成句子。