2022-2023学年天津一中高一（上）期末英语试卷(含答案解析)

这是一份2022-2023学年天津一中高一（上）期末英语试卷(含答案解析)，共21页。

2022-2023学年天津一中高一（上）期末英语试卷
1. ---I'm travelling to Sydney tomorrow.Would you tell me something about your experiences there？
---______.Let's talk about it over tea.（　　）
A. That's all right B. By all means
C. It depends D. My pleasure
2. They are not allowed，unless they have special passes，______ after 11 p.m.（　　）
A. from staying out B. to stay out
C. staying out D. stay out
3. ---I ran into a big tree on the way to school this morning.My head still aches a lot.
---I'm sorry to hear that.I suppose you ______ the cellphone then.（　　）
A. checked B. were checking C. have checked D. had checked
4. It is hard to say what kind of person he is.Sometimes he is very friendly，at other times he ______ be very
cold.（　　）
A. must B. will C. can D. shall
5. She may have missed the train，______ case she won't arrive on time.（　　）
A. in that B. in which C. whose D. as
6. I like getting up very early in summer．The morning air is so good ______．
A. to be breathed B. to breathe C. breathing D. being breathed
7. ______ the temperature falling so rapidly，we couldn't go on with the experiment.（　　）
A. Since B. For C. As D. With
8. I can't find my purse.I___________ it in the supermarket yesterday，but I'm not sure.（　　）
A. should leave B. must have left C. might leave D. could have left
9. In most parts of Britain，the black cat is believed to be a（n） ______ of good luck and owning a black cat may bring good luck to the family.（　　）
A. symbol B. sign C. custom D. signal
10. The train ______ they were travelling was late.（　　）
A. in which B. by which C. at which D. to which
11. For these reasons，I can draw a safe conclusion that there is ______ better than singing that will make
my life wonderful.（　　）
A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything
12. ______，we had planned a tour of Scotland but we didn't go in the end.（　　）
A. Interestingly B. Originally C. Typically D. .Eventually
13. Just around the corner is a market where you can ______ some amazing bargains.（　　）
A. pick up B. bring up C. catch up D. end up
14. After their stay in the hotel，the customers praised the manager，who，______ praised his staff.（　　）
A. in doubt B. in charge C. in return D. in turn
15. ---Must I attend Helen's party at 7：00 on the dot？
---______.It goes without saying that you can be late a few minutes.（　　）
A. Not at all B. Not exactly C. Not really D. Not likely
When Brad Ryan was young，he used to stay with his Grandma Joy. "We often went to Blue Rock State Park near our hometown.I (16) knew we shared the respect for nature，" Ryan says.
The two (17) when Ryan's parents divorced（离婚）， but then they ran into each other 10 years later.Realizing (18) he loved his grandmother and regretting missing much time together，he (19) a great plan to spend more time with her.The pair decided to (20) together in their spare time，and they (21) to visit all the U.S.national parks.
" My plan was about (22) the decade of the lost time，" Ryan says.
About eight years ago，Ryan was telling Joy about his (23) 2009 Appalachian Trail thru-hike and his many (24) living in the wilderness.
"Her eyes brightened and then she said， '(25)，I didn't get to see more things in life.It would have been nice to see the (26)，'"Ryan recalls.
A few years later the two took a trip to the Great Smoky Mountains.Ryan never forgot his (27) with Grandma Joy before they set out.
"That day I (28) her at office and said， 'Are you doing anything this (29)？I want to drive down to the Smokies.How do you feel about (30) in a tent？' Her response was quite (31)， 'When are you picking me up？'"
Two days later，they (32) late on Friday night in the rain with Joy holding the (33) while Ryan was setting up the tent.At 85，Joy (34) to climb 2.3 miles on a trail（小路），receiving high-fives all the way.
"It was a (35) trip that provided more purpose and fulfillment（满足） than anything I had ever done，" Ryan says.
16.  A. never B. perhaps C. hardly D. always
17.  A. disagreed B. separated C. broke down D. gave in
18.  A. why B. whether C. how much D. how long
19.  A. dropped B. made C. adopted D. changed
20.  A. volunteer B. hike C. shop D. travel
21.  A. meant B. demanded C. had D. continued
22.  A. looking back on B. making up for C. getting back D. learning from
23.  A. unexpected B. uncompleted C. uncomfortable D. unforgettable
24.  A. difficulties B. threats C. adventures D. misfortunes
25.  A. Regretfully B. Finally C. Embarrassedly D. Generally
26.  A. friends B. family C. mountains D. sunrise
27.  A. conversation B. appointment C. childhood D. memories
28.  A. missed B. called C. run into D. heard from
29.  A. afternoon B. evening C. weekend D. summer
30.  A. sleeping B. eating C. resting D. hiding
31.  A. discouraging B. confusing C. interesting D. unhesitating
32.  A. started B. arrived C. met D. stayed
33.  A. backpacks B. car C. umbrella D. campfire
34.  A. managed B. intended C. failed D. promised
35.  A. long-lasting B. far-seeing C. breath-taking D. life-changing
Q
What follows are just a few of the global destinations given World Heritage status by UNESCO.They could be your family's next vacation.
Wildlife Wonders
The Okavango Delta in northern Botswana is one of southern Africa's biggest and most biodiverse freshwater watersheds （流域） and a dream destination for animal lovers of all ages.It sustains the planet's most endangered animals，including the largest remaining elephant population，cheetahs，African wild dogs，wattled cranes，and great white pelicans.
Fairy Chimneys
Central Turkey's Göreme National Park is a dry region of volcanic stone that takes fantastic forms，which often called fairy chimneys （仙女烟囱）.Some of the most striking sights are villages carved into the volcanic stone.The Göreme Open Air Museum，valley hikes，cave hotels，hot air balloon rides，and guided tours are highlights for all ages.
The Earliest Mummies （木乃伊）
Wrapped simply in reeds and decorated with hair and clay masks，Chile's Chinchorro mummies are 2，000 years older than Egypt's.At San Miguel de Azapa Archaeological Museum，only a few of the 300 samples are on view，while at Colón 10，visitors can see 48 mummies buried in the earth through a glass floor.
Dinosaur Fossils
Dinosaur Provincial Park in Canada gives some paleontologists （古生物学者） a chance to explore landscapes.Although visitors are not permitted to dig in this fragile environment，the park offers a full schedule of family-friendly fossil tours，guided activities，and dinosaur displays.Families can camp out under the stars and dream of the days when various dinosaurs lived in this region.
36. Which of the following highlights the Okavango Delta？ ______
A. Beautiful villages. B. Rare freshwater fishes.
C. Diverse wildlife species. D. Striking views of mountains.
37. Where should visitors go if they desire to see the earliest mummies？ ______
A. Botswana. B. Chile. C. Egypt. D. Canada.
38. What can visitors do at Dinosaur Provincial Park？ ______
A. Have a night camping trip.
B. Explore landscapes in the valley.
C. Dig for man-made dinosaur fossils.
D. Attend a lecture by a paleontologist.
R
I loved sports and I dreamed of being a star athlete in high school.However，something happened on one winter morning when I was playing a basketball game for my rural league team.
I was having a pretty good game.But then I remembered falling and screaming for help.I didn't know what was wrong with me.I looked at my leg and it seemed as if I broke it.I was taken to the hospital immediately in an ambulance and then was diagnosed with a dislocated patella（膝盖骨脱白）.
My patella was not put back into place for a few hours because the doctors needed to make sure nothing else was damaged.For a 16-year-old boy，it was a lot to take in.I kept asking different questions，like "How does this heal？" "Will I need surgery？".I headed home later with some medicine to relieve my pain and an appointment to see a doctor.
Through my doctor's visit，I learned that it was the way my own body was built that caused my patella to dislocate.A combination of things like the angles of my body，ligaments（韧带） that were too tight in some places and too loose in others，and the fact there was no groove（凹槽） for my patella to sit in.I needed a series of surgeries and 6-month physical treatment to recover.I kept going and eventually I went back to playing sports with a brace（支架） on.
Today，I am feeling much better and both of my knees have remained healthy.I have to continue to keep them strong，though，in order for the surgeries to continue working properly.I can't say that my confidence is totally back because I will always have the fear of something happening.But I am ready to face difficulties or challenges in the future.
39. What happened to the author when he was playing basketball？ ______
A. He broke his left leg.
B. His patella was out of place.
C. His teammate fell to the ground.
D. He heard a scream from his teammates.
40. What is the real reason for the author's injury？ ______
A. His intense sports activity. B. His physical disadvantage.
C. His careless behavior. D. His tight ligaments.
41. What is the author's attitude toward his present situation？ ______
A. Careful. B. Hopeful. C. Curious. D. Satisfied.
42. What is the text mainly about？ ______
A. An adventurous sporting career B. Enthusiasm for playing sports.
C. A lesson from playing sports. D. An incident of playing sports.
S
Can exercise during childhood protect you against memory loss many years later？Exercise early in life
seems to have lifelong benefits for the brain，in rats at least.
"This is an animal study，but it shows that physical activity at a young age is very important---not just for physical development，but for the whole lifelong track of cognitive（认知的） development during ageing，" says Martin of the University of Toronto，Canada. "In humans，it may put off the appearance of Alzheimer's symptoms（阿兹海默症），possibly to the point of preventing them."
Martin's team divided 80 young male rats into two equal groups，and placed running wheels in the cages of one group for a period of six weeks.Around four months later---when the rats had reached middle age----the team taught all the rats to connect an electric shock with being in a specific box.When placed in the box，they froze with fear.
Two weeks later，the team tested the rats in three situations：exactly the same box in the same room，the same box with the room arranged differently，and a completely different box in a different room.
The rats without access to a running wheel when they were young now froze the same percentage of times in each of these situations，suggesting they couldn't remember which one was dangerous.But those that had been able to run in their youth froze 40 to 50 percent less in both changed box settings.
"The results suggest the amount of physical activity when we're young，at least for rats，has influence on brain and cognitive health---in the form of better memories---when we're older，" says Arthur Kramer of Northeastern University in Boston，who has found that，in humans，exercise improves the growth of new brain cells.
43. The study shows that ______ .
A. exercise when young can prevent memory loss when older in rats
B. physical activity is important for physical health
C. physical activity can prevent human's Alzheimer's symptoms
D. using the running wheels is of benefit to the rats' growth
44. What does the underlined word" it" in Paragraph 2 refer to？ ______
A. study. B. development. C. benefit. D. exercise.
45. How are Paragraph 3 and 4 mainly developed？ ______
A. By analyzing causes. B. By giving an example.
C. By showing differences. D. By describing the process.
46. What is the author's attitude towards the animal study？ ______
A. Negative. B. Critical. C. Objective. D. Doubtful.
T
Though the COVID-19 pandemic has badly affected the food industry，the prefabricated food （预制菜） market has witnessed a fast growth.
"I bought some prefabricated food in late April when my community was locked down due to the coronavirus outbreak，" a Beijing-based resident Yu told Global Times. "It was then that I realized there were so many different sorts of prefabricated food.All you need to do is to put some water into the heating package and a fair meal would be ready in minutes."
Prefabricated food has become increasingly popular over the last two years，with plenty of companies entering the business and different kinds of productions keeping hitting the shelves.The total market scale for prefabricated food reached 345.9 billion yuan in 2021.It is expected that China's prefabricated food market will stay a high growth rate in the near future，with a market scale estimated to reach 1.07 trillion yuan in 2026.
Many investors have started to pour money into it.From 2013 to 2021，a total of 71 investments were conducted in the prefabricated food sector（行业）.Even so there are problems linked to the growth of the industry.For instance，the prefabricated food industry is made up of a long value chain from production，cold-chain logistics（冷链物流） to delivery，which requires companies to realize smooth operation.
In addition，the sector's product quality problem has also begun to ，becoming one of the most common complaints by consumers，according to an analysis released by China Consumer Association（CCA）. "There are prefabricated food products with no detailed labels and many restaurants do not inform customers when offering them prefabricated food." CCA's analysis said.
CCA emphasized that with the rapid development of the prefabricated food market，relevant rules need to be rolled out to promote the standardized development of the industry and to guide the industry's healthy growth.
47. What can we infer from the Beijing-based resident Yu's description？ ______
A. She suffered a lot during the period when her community was locked down.
B. She had known prefabricated food quite a lot before the pandemic broke out.
C. The pandemic to some extent increased the popularity of prefabricated food.
D. Numerous cooking skills are needed to prepare prefabricated food at home.
48. What is the current situation of prefabricated food sector？ ______
A. Promising but worthless. B. Profitable but insecure.
C. Popular but unsuccessful. D. Well-received but challenging.
49. What does the underlined phrase "come under the spotlight" mean in paragraph 5？ ______
A. Draw people's great concern.
B. Disappear from people's sight.
C. Have the potential to get settled.
D. Have a positive effect on customers.
50. What did CCA suggest to promote the healthy growth of the prefabricated food market？ ______
A. Canceling some rules.
B. Making some regulations.
C. Promoting the sales.
D. Enriching the production varieties.
51. We complained to the travel agency about the h ______（糟糕的） service during the trip.
52. As a new diplomat，he often thinks of how he can react more appropriately on such o ______（场合）.
53. On the b ______ of（根据） those facts，we can reach the following conclusion.
54. Keep the cheeses fresh by w ______（包，裹） each one individually.
55. Climbers are brave people，and Robert is no ______（也不例外）.
56. However serious a problem you may have，you should g ______ your courage to face the challenge.
57. Over the years we've become quite e______ at dealing with these sorts of problems．
58. Changes occur in the body because of the p ______ of ageing.
59. ---Can you lend me the book Gone with the Wind？
---Sorry.I returned it to the library just now.Maybe it is still a ______.
60. ---What do you think of store shopping in the future？
---Personally，I think it will exist along with home shopping but will never be r ______.
61. 假设你是李华，你的美国朋友 Jonah 来信说，想利用自己的年假来中国体验一下中国的传统节日。在端午节、中秋节和春节中，你建议他来过哪个节？请你回复邮件并说明推荐理由。可以适当添加内容，使文章看起来更加充实，要组成通顺连贯的短文。
注意：
（1）词数 100 左右；
（2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Jonah，
I'm glad to know that__________
Yours，
Li Hua
答案和解析

1.【答案】D
【解析】根据选项意思可知，A.That's all right.没关系；B.By all means尽一切办法；C.看情况而定；D.我的荣幸。根据上下文意思可知，对方提出请求，表示很乐意提供帮忙，故应用my pleasure。
故选：D。
- 我明天要去悉尼旅行。你能告诉我你在那里的经历吗？
-我的荣幸。我们边喝茶边谈吧。
做选择题时，先根据提示词的词性和意思进行分析，再综合句型和综合语法作判断，从而得出最终的结论。

2.【答案】B
【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：除非他们有特殊通行证，否则他们不得在晚上11点后外出。be allowed to do sth."允许某人做某事"。
故选B。
除非他们有特殊通行证，否则他们不得在晚上11点后外出。
学生要有扎实的语法知识基础，分析句子，选择正确的答案。

3.【答案】B
【解析】考查过去进行时。句意：---今天早上我在上学的路上撞上了一棵大树。我的头仍然很疼。---听到这个消息我很抱歉。我想你当时正在检查手机。根据上下文结合then可知用过去进行时。
故选：B。
---今天早上我在上学的路上撞上了一棵大树。我的头仍然很疼。
---听到这个消息我很抱歉。我想你当时正在检查手机。
学生要有扎实的语法知识基础，分析句子，选择正确的答案。

4.【答案】C
【解析】考查情态动词辨析。句意：很难说他是什么样的人。有时他很友好，有时他很冷漠。A．must表示主观看法，意为"一定，必须"；B．will表示意愿，意为"想要"；C．can 表示推测，意为"可能"；D．shall 表示征求对方意见，意为"可以"。根据句意可知，can"可能"符合语境。
故选：C。
很难说他是什么样的人。有时他很友好，有时他很冷漠。
考查情态动词，弄清楚各个情态动词的含义并区别各个情态动词之间的差异，然后结合语境选择正确答案。

5.【答案】B
【解析】根据句子成分分析，可知设空处是定语从句的关系词，此句中which 作定语修饰case，在此情况下，which 的意思则相当于 that 或 this。
故选：B。
她可能错过了火车，在这种情况下她就不能准时到达了。
做选择题时，先根据提示词的词性和意思进行分析，再综合句型和综合语法作判断，从而得出最终的结论。

6.【答案】B
【解析】句意：夏天我喜欢早起，早晨的空气呼吸起来很好。本题考查动词不定式做状语；英语中做表语和补语的形容词后往往接动词不定式做状语，并且可用主动形式表示被动的含义；句中做表语的形容词good后面需要的是动词不定式，且主动表被动。故选B。

7.【答案】D
【解析】根据句子成分分析，可知前半句中的名词the temperature，且用非谓语动词falling，表示两者之间的主动关系，可知符合with的伴随结构的用法。
故选：D。
由于温度下降得如此之快，我们不能继续实验了。
做选择题时，先根据提示词的词性和意思进行分析，再综合句型和综合语法作判断，从而得出最终的结论。

8.【答案】D
【解析】根据句中时间状语yesterday可知，是对过去事情的推测，故用"情态动词+ have done"结构，再根据后句but I'm not sure.可知，此推测为不能肯定的推测，故用情态动词could，表示"可能"。D项正确。must have done表示"对过去发生的事情的肯定推测"。
故选：D。
我不能找到我的钱包了。昨天我有可能把它落到超市了，但我不确定。
考查虚拟语气，要弄清楚各种虚拟语气的结构及特殊形式虚拟语气的构成，然后根据上下文及结合语境给出正确答案。

9.【答案】A
【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：在英国大部分地区，黑猫被认为是好运的象征，拥有一只黑猫可能会给家庭带来好运。A．symbol 象征；B．sign签名；C．custom风俗；D．signal  信号。根据句意可知，symbol "象征"符合语境。
故选：A。
在英国大部分地区，黑猫被认为是好运的象征，拥有一只黑猫可能会给家庭带来好运。
考查名词，弄清楚各个名词的含义并区别各个名词之间的差异，然后结合语境选择正确答案。

10.【答案】A
【解析】先行词train在定语从句中作介词in的宾语，用关系代词which引导从句；on the train表示人"坐火车"，是固定搭配；in the train是"在火车上"，不一定是坐火车。A项正确。
故选：A。
他们乘坐的火车晚点了。
考查定语从句，要搞清楚句子成分，找出从句的先行词及从句与先行词之间的逻辑关系，把主句与从句分别翻译出来，然后依照逻辑关系把句子衔接起来。引导定语从句的关系代词有who，whom，whose，which，that等和关系副词where，when ，why等，关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成分。如果该从句中缺少主语、表语、宾语或定语，就要用关系代词来连接从句；如果从句中缺少状语，就得用关系副词来连接从句。

11.【答案】C
【解析】根据句意可知，否定句中用比较级表示最高级的含义，故此处应用nothing，表示没什么比唱歌更能使得我的生活精彩的。
故选：C。
基于这些理由，我可以得出一个可靠的结论：没有什么比唱歌更能使我的生活变得精彩了。
做选择题时，先根据提示词的词性和意思进行分析，再综合句型和综合语法作判断，从而得出最终的结论。

12.【答案】B
【解析】考查副词辨析。句意：起初，我们计划去苏格兰旅行，但最终没有成行。A．Interestingly有趣的是；B．Originally起初；C．Typically通常；D．Eventually 最终。根据"but"和"in the end"可知，Originally"起初"符合语境。
故选：B。
起初，我们计划去苏格兰旅行，但最终没有成行。
考查副词，弄清楚各个副词的含义并区别各个副词之间的差异，然后结合语境选择正确答案。

13.【答案】A
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：就在拐角处有一个市场，你可以在那里买到一些令人惊叹的便宜货。A．pick up 获得；B．bring up养育；C．catch up跟上；D．end up 结束。根据句意可知，pick up "获得"符合语境。
故选：A。
就在拐角处有一个市场，你可以在那里买到一些令人惊叹的便宜货。
考查动词短语，弄清楚各个动词短语的含义并区别各个动词短语之间的差异，然后结合语境选择正确答案。

14.【答案】D
【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：入住酒店后，顾客们称赞了经理，而经理又反过来称赞了他的员工。A．in doubt不能肯定的；B．in charge全面负责；C．in return作为回报；D．in turn 反过来，转而。根据句意可知，in turn"反过来，转而" 符合语境。
故选：D。
入住酒店后，顾客们称赞了经理，而经理又反过来称赞了他的员工。
考查介词短语，弄清楚各个介词短语的含义并区别各个介词短语之间的差异，然后结合语境选择正确答案。

15.【答案】A
【解析】根据语境可知，该题考查交际用语及副词短语辨析。A.Not all—点儿也不；B.Not exactly不完全是；C.Not really不完全是；D.Not likely不见得。根据提问及该空后It goes without saying that you can be late a few minutes可知，此处为否定回答，表达"根本不，一点也不"，所以用not at all。
故选：A。
—— 我必须七点准时参加海伦的聚会吗？
——不完全是。不用说，你可能会迟到几分钟。
做选择题时，先根据提示词的词性和意思进行分析，再综合句型和综合语法作判断，从而得出最终的结论。

16~35.【答案】D、B、C、B、B、D、B、D、C、A、C、A、B、C、A、D、B、C、A、D
【解析】（1）考查副词及语境理解。A.never从没；B.perhaps也许；C.hardly几乎不；D.always一直。句意：瑞安说："我一直知道我们共享着对自然地敬畏。"根据上文"We often went to Blue Rock State Park near our hometown."可知，他一直都清楚两人共同的爱好。故选D项。
（2）考查动词（短语）及语境理解。A.disagreed不同意；B.separated分离；C.broke down出故障；D.gave in屈服。句意：瑞安的父母离婚后，两人分开了，但10年后他们又相遇了。根据下文"when Ryan's parents divorced "可知，祖孙两人因此分离。故选B项。
（3）考查连接词及语境理解。A.why为什么；B.whether是否；C.how much多少；D.how long多长。句意：意识到自己有多么爱奶奶，也很遗憾错过了很多时间，他制定了一个伟大的计划，要花更多的时间陪伴奶奶。根据下文"he loved his grandmother "可知，此处需要使用连接词，引导宾语从句，且此处连接词在从句中作状语修饰"爱"的程度。故选C项。
（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.dropped落下；B.made制定；C.adopted采用；D.changed改变。句意：意识到自己有多么爱奶奶，也很遗憾错过了很多时间，他制定了一个伟大的计划，要花更多的时间陪伴奶奶。根据下文"a great plan"可知，"计划"一般是与动词"制定"一起使用，此处表示制定计划。故选B项。
（5）考查名词及语境理解。A.volunteer志愿者；B.hike徒步；C.shop商店；D.travel旅行。句意：两人决定在业余时间一起旅行，并继续参观所有的美国国家公园。根据下文"visit all the U.S.national parks"可知，两个人要一起做的事是一起旅行。故选B项。
（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.meant意味着；B.demanded要求；C.had有；D.continued继续。句意：两人决定在业余时间一起旅行，并继续参观所有的美国国家公园。根据上文"We often went to Blue Rock State Park near our hometown. "可知是"继续"。故选D项。
（7）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.looking back on回顾；B.making up for弥补；C.getting back找回；D.learning from从……中学到。句意：瑞安说："我的计划是弥补失去的十年时光。"根据上文"The two separated when Ryan's parents divorced （离婚），but then they ran into each other 10 years later."可知，是为了弥补这十年。故选B项。
（8）考查形容词及语境理解。A.unexpected出乎预料的；B.uncompleted未完成的；C.uncomfortable不舒服的；D.unforgettable难忘的。句意：大约八年前，瑞安向奶奶讲述了他难忘的2009年阿巴拉契亚徒步旅行，以及他在荒野中的许多冒险经历。根据下文"Her eyes brightened"可知，这次旅行是令人难以忘怀的。故选D项。
（9）考查名词及语境理解。A.difficulties困难；B.threats威胁；C.adventures冒险；D.misfortunes不幸。句意：大约八年前，瑞安向奶奶讲述了他难忘的2009年阿巴拉契亚徒步旅行，以及他在荒野中的许多冒险经历。根据下文"living in the wilderness"可知是"冒险"。故选C项。
（10）考查副词及语境理解。A.Regretfully遗憾地；B.Finally最后；C.Embarrassedly尴尬地；D.Generally通常。句意：瑞安回忆道："她眼睛一亮，然后说：'很遗憾，我没能看到更多生活中的东西。如果能看到山就好了。'"。根据下文"It would have been nice to see the mountains."可知是"遗憾地"。故选A项。
（11）考查名词及语境理解。A.friends朋友；B.family家人；C.mountains山脉；D.sunrise日出。句意：瑞安回忆道："她眼睛一亮，然后说：'很遗憾，我没能看到更多生活中的东西。如果能看到山就好了。'"。根据下文"A few years later the two took a trip to the Great Smoky Mountains. "可知是去参观山脉。故选C项。
（12）考查名词及语境理解。A.conversation谈话；B.appointment约定；C.childhood童年；D.memories回忆。句意：瑞安从没忘记出发前他和奶奶茱伊的谈话。根据下文"That day I called her at office"他们通过电话有一次谈话。故选A项。
（13）考查动词词组及语境理解。A.missed错过，思念；B.called打电话；C.run into偶遇；D.heard from听说。句意：那天，我在办公室给她打电话，说："你这个周末要忙什么事吗？"根据下文"at office"可知是打电话。故选B项。
（14）考查名词及语境理解。A.afternoon下午；B.evening傍晚；C.weekend周末；D.summer夏天。句意：那天，我在办公室给她打电话，说："你这个周末要忙什么事吗？"根据下文"Two days later，they arrived late on Friday night in the rain with Joy holding the umbrella while Ryan was setting up the tent. "可知，在这座山上度过周末。故选C项。
（15）考查动词及语境理解。A.sleeping睡觉；B.eating吃东西；C.resting休息；D.hiding躲藏。句意：你觉得在帐篷里睡觉怎么样？根据下文"in a tent"可知，帐篷是用来居住睡觉的设备。故选A项。
（16）考查形容词及语境理解。A.discouraging令人气馁的；B.confusing令人疑惑的；C.interesting有趣的；D.unhesitating毫不犹豫的。句意：她的回复毫不犹豫。根据下文"When are you picking me up？"可知是"毫不犹豫的"。故选D项。
（17）考查动词及语境理解。A.started开始；B.arrived到达；C.met相遇；D.stayed保持。句意：两天后，他们在周五深夜冒雨抵达，茱伊撑着伞，瑞安正在搭帐篷。根据下文"late on Friday night in the rain with Joy holding the umbrella while Ryan was setting up the tent"可知是"到达"。故选B项。
（18）考查名词及语境理解。A.backpacks双肩包；B.car汽车；C.umbrella雨伞；D.campfire篝火。句意：两天后，他们在周五深夜冒雨抵达，茱伊撑着伞，瑞安正在搭帐篷。根据上文"in the rain"可知是为孙子撑伞。故选C项。
（19）考查动词及语境理解。A.managed成功做某事；B.intended打算；C.failed失败；D.promised保证。句意：85岁的茱伊成功爬了2.3英里小路，一路上一片欢呼。根据下文"receiving high-fives all the way"可知，她成功爬了那么远距离的山路，manage to do固定搭配，"设法做成某事"。故选A项。
（20）考查形容词及语境理解。A.long-lasting长效的；B.far-seeing有远见的；C.breath-taking屏住呼吸的；D.life-changing改变人生的。句意：瑞安说："这是一次改变人生的旅行，相比我做过的任何事情，这次旅途给了我更多意义和成就感。"根据下文"provided more purpose and fulfillment （满足） than anything I had ever done"可知，这件事情改变了他的人生。故选D项。
这是一篇记叙文。讲述了瑞安为了弥补和奶奶分离的十年时间，制定计划带着奶奶四处旅行的感人故事。
近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高。做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。

36~38.【答案】C、B、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据Wildlife Wonders部分的It sustains the planet's most endangered animals，including the largest remaining elephant population，cheetahs，African wild dogs，wattled cranes，and great white pelicans.（它供养着地球上最濒危的动物，包括现存最大的大象种群、猎豹、非洲野狗、垂头鹤和大白鹈鹕。）可知，Okavango Delta的亮点是多样化的野生物种。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据The Earliest Mummies （木乃伊）部分的Wrapped simply in reeds and decorated with hair and clay masks，Chile's Chinchorro mummies are 2，000 years older than Egypt's.（智利的钦乔罗木乃伊简单地包裹在芦苇中，用头发和粘土面具装饰，比埃及的木乃伊还要古老2000年。）可知，如果游客想看最早的木乃伊，应该去智利。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据Dinosaur Fossils部分的Dinosaur Provincial Park（恐龙省立公园）"和"Families can camp out under the stars and dream of the days when various dinosaurs lived in this region.（一家人可以在星空下露营，梦想着各种恐龙生活在这个地区的日子。）可知，游客在恐龙省立公园可以进行一次夜间露营旅行。故选A。
本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产的几个全球景点的相关信息。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

39~42.【答案】B、B、A、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段I was taken to the hospital immediately in an ambulance and then was diagnosed with a dislocated patella （膝盖骨脱臼）.（我立即被救护车送往医院，随后被诊断为膝盖骨脱臼。）可知，医院诊断出打篮球时出现的状况是膝盖骨脱臼，即错位。故选 B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第四段Through my doctor's visit，I learned that it was the way my own body was built that caused my patella to dislocate. （通过看医生，我了解到正是我自己身体的构造方式导致了膝盖骨脱臼。）可知，作者受伤脱臼的原因使自己的身体构造有缺陷。故选B。
（3）观点态度题。根据最后一段Today，I am feeling much better and both of my knees have remained healthy.I have to continue to keep them strong，though，in order for the surgeries to continue working properly.（现在，我感觉好多了，两个膝盖都保持着健康。不过，为了让手术效果持续奏效，我必须继续保持它们的强壮。）可知，作者现在很细心地照顾自己的身体。A.Careful仔细的；B.Hopeful希望的；C.Curious好奇的；D.Satisfied满意的。故选A。
（4）主旨大意题。根据第一段However，something happened on one winter morning when I was playing a basketball game for my rural league team.（然而，在一个冬天的早晨，当我为我的乡村联赛球队打篮球时，发生了一些事情。）可知，本句引出下文，故本文主要讲述发生的这件事，即运动过程中发生的一次意外。故选D。
本文是一篇记叙文，主要记录作者在打篮球过程中意外出事，膝盖骨脱臼，以及过后的手术等事宜。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

43~46.【答案】A、D、D、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段中的Exercise early in life seems to have lifelong benefits for the brain，in rats at least.（年轻时的锻炼似乎对大脑有终生的好处，至少对老鼠来说是这样）。可知，研究表明，年轻时的锻炼可以防止老鼠年老时的记忆丧失。故选A。
（2）代词指代题。根据第二段"This is an animal study，but it shows that physical activity at a young age is very important — not just for physical development，but for the whole lifelong track of cognitive development during ageing，" says Martin of the University of Toronto，Canada.（加拿大多伦多大学的马丁说："这是一项动物研究，但它表明年轻时的体育活动非常重要——不仅对身体发育，而且对衰老过程中认知发展的整个一生轨迹都非常重要。"）。可知，本段主要介绍一项动物研究，说明体育活动对身体发育和衰老过程中认知发展轨迹很重要，对于人类，它可能会推迟阿兹海默氏症的出现。因此指代上文的it在句中指的是具体的身体活动，也就是锻炼。A.study.学习；B.development.发展；C.benefit.益处，好处；D.exercise.锻炼。故选D。
（3）推理判断题。根据第三段Martin's team divided 80 young male rats into two equal groups，and placed running wheels in the cages of one group for a period of six weeks.Around four months later — when the rats had reached middle age — the team taught all the rats to connect an electric shock with being in a specific box.When placed in the box，they froze with fear.（马丁的团队将80只年轻的雄性老鼠分成两组，在其中一组的笼子里放置跑步轮，为期六周。大约四个月后，当老鼠进入中年时，研究小组教会所有的老鼠把电击和被关在一个特定的盒子里联系起来。当它们被放进盒子里时，它们吓呆了）。以及第四段Two weeks later，the team tested the rats in three situations：exactly the same box in the same room，the same box with the room arranged differently，and a completely different box in a different room.（两周后，研究小组在三种情况下对老鼠进行了测试：同一个房间里完全相同的盒子，同一个盒子但房间布局不同，以及不同房间里完全不同的盒子）。可推知，第3段和第4段通过描述过程来开展。故选D。
（4）观点态度题。根据第五段The rats without access to a running wheel when they were young now froze the same percentage of times in each of these situations，suggesting they couldn't remember which one was dangerous.But those that had been able to run in their youth froze 40 to 50 percent less in both changed box settings.（年轻时没有接触滚轮的老鼠现在在每种情况下被吓住拥有相同的时间百分比，这表明它们不记得哪种情况是危险的。但那些在年轻时就能跑的老鼠，在两种改变的盒子设置下，被吓住率都要低40%到50%）。文中对这项老鼠实验的过程及其结果的介绍，用数据表示，可见作者对动物研究的态度是很客观的。A.Negative.否定的；B.Critical.批判性的；C.Objective.客观的；D.Doubtful.怀疑的。故选C。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍一项关于动物研究的过程，就年轻时锻炼对大脑有终生的好处进行研究。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

47~50.【答案】C、D、A、B
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段"I bought some prefabricated food in late April when my community was locked down due to the coronavirus outbreak，"a Beijing-based resident Yu told Global Times. "It was then that I realized there were so many different sorts of prefabricated food.All you need to do is to put some water into the heating package and a fair meal would be ready in minutes."（北京居民余某在接受《环球时报》采访时表示："4月底，我的社区因冠状病毒爆发而被封锁，我买了一些预制食品。""就在那时，我意识到有这么多不同种类的预制食品。你所需要做的就是往加热包里倒一些水，几分钟就能做好一顿美味的饭菜。"）可知，我们能从北京居民于某的描述中推断出疫情在某种程度上提高了预制食物的受欢迎度。故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据第三段的Prefabricated food has become increasingly popular over the last two years，with plenty of companies entering the business and different kinds of productions keeping hitting the shelves.（ 在过去的两年里，随着大量公司进入这一行业，各种各样的产品不断上架，预制食品变得越来越受欢迎。）可推断预制食品行业很受欢迎，根据第五段的In addition，the sector's product quality problem has also begun to        ，becoming one of the most common complaints by consumers（此外，该行业的产品质量问题也已开始受到广泛关注，成为消费者最常见的抱怨之一）可推断，预制行业广受好评但颇具挑战性，故选D。
（3）词句猜测题。根据下文becoming one of the most common complaints by consumers ，according to an analysis released by China Consumer Association（CCA）（成为消费者最常抱怨的问题之一，根据中国消费者协会（ CCA）发布的一项分析报告）可推断，划线句the sector's product quality problem has also begun to        ，（该行业的产品质量问题也开始       ，）说明预制食品行业的产品质量受到关注，划线部分与A项"引起人们的极大关注"意思相近。故选A。
（4）细节理解题。根据最后一段CCA emphasized that with the rapid development of the prefabricated food market，relevant rules need to be rolled out to promote the standardized development of the industry and to guide the industry's healthy growth.（ CCA强调，随着预制食品市场的快速发展，需要出台相关规则，以促进行业的规范发展，引导行业的健康成长。）可知，CCA建议通过制定相关规则促进预制食品市场的健康发展。故选B。
本文是一篇说明文。本文讲述了疫情在某种程度上推动预制食品市场快速增长。文章分析了预制食品市场的现状，中国食品协会给出了建议，制定相关规定，规范预制食品市场。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

51.【答案】orrible
【解析】根据括号内词义，"糟糕的"可译为horrible，形容词horrible作定语修饰名词service。
故填：horrible。
我们向旅行社投诉旅行中糟糕的服务。
考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。

52.【答案】ccasions
【解析】根据括号内词义，"场合"可译为occasion，是可数名词，表示不止一种场合，要用复数形式。
故填：occasions。
作为一名新外交官，他经常思考如何在这种情况下做出更恰当的反应。
考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。

53.【答案】asis
【解析】根据括号内词义，"根据"可译为basis，on the basis of"根据，在……的基础上"，是固定搭配。
故填：basis。
基于这些事实，我们可以得出以下结论。
考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。

54.【答案】rapping
【解析】根据括号内词义，"包，裹"可译为wrap，介词by后接动词时用动名词形式。
故填：wrapping。
每个奶酪单独包装，以保持新鲜。
考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。

55.【答案】exception
【解析】根据括号内词义，"例外"可译为exception，是可数名词，根据句中is要用单数形式。
故填：exception。
登山者都是勇敢的人，罗伯特也不例外。
考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。

56.【答案】ather
【解析】根据句意结合首字母，考虑gather"聚集，积聚"，及物动词，情态动词should后用动词原形。
故填：gather。
无论你有多么严重的问题，你都应该鼓起勇气面对挑战。
对于根据首字母填空这种题，要分析句子意思，再从结构上和意义上对答案进行确定。

57.【答案】xpert
【解析】答案：expert．考查首字母填空．根据句意：这些年来，我们在处理这些问题上变得非常娴熟．分析句子可知此处填形容词做表语，expert是形容词"专家的，熟练的"，be expert  at是固定短语"在某方面娴熟"．
这些年来，我们在处理这些问题上变得非常娴熟．
根据首字母填空是中考英语基本题型之一．是一种测试考生综合运用能力的一种题型，它不仅要求考生具备较强的阅读能力，并且能根据短文所给线索，捕捉相关信息，进行分析断逻辑推理的能力，还要求考生能熟练运用所学词汇、语法、习惯用语及交际用语等语言知识进行填词，考查了使用语言的准确性．做此类题目一定要掌握句意，从中得到提示和启发，帮助确定应填词的词性和词形．

58.【答案】rocess
【解析】根据句意"由于衰老的过程，身体发生了变化。"结合首字母，考虑process"过程"，the process of ageing"衰老过程"，是固定搭配。
故填：process。
由于衰老的过程，身体发生了变化。
考查首字母填空。准确地翻译句子、理解句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。

59.【答案】vailable
【解析】根据句意"--你能把《飘》借给我吗？--对不起。我刚刚还给图书馆。也许现在还借得到。"结合首字母，考虑available"可以得到的"，be动词后接形容词available作表语。
故填：available。
--你能把《飘》借给我吗？
--对不起。我刚刚还给图书馆。也许现在还借得到。
考查首字母填空。准确地翻译句子、理解句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。

60.【答案】eplaced
【解析】根据句意结合首字母，考虑replace"代替；取代"，及物动词，逻辑主语store shopping与动词replace之间为被动关系，此处应用过去分词replaced，与will be构成一般将来时的被动语态。
故填：replaced。
--你对未来的商店购物有什么看法
--我个人认为，它将与家庭购物一起存在，但永远不会被取代。
对于根据首字母填空这种题，要分析句子意思，再从结构上和意义上对答案进行确定。

61.【答案】Dear Jonah，
I'm glad to know that you are interested in traditional Chinese festivals and want to experience one of them.There are many traditional festivals in China，such as the Dragon Boat Festival，the Mid-autumn Festival and the Spring Festival.But I really hope you can come and spend the Mid-Autumn Festival with me.（推荐的节日）
The Mid-autumn Festival，a special occasion for family reunion，falls on the fifteenth day of the eighth month of the lunar year. 【高分句型一】It is to celebrate the harvest and to enjoy the beautiful moonlight. 【高分句型二】On this day，the moon is said to be its biggest and brightest.It's also a day for special foods like moon cakes.（推荐理由）
I am looking forward to your coming.（盼望）
Yours，
Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一：The Mid-autumn Festival，a special occasion for family reunion，falls on the fifteenth day of the eighth month of the lunar year.
译文：中秋节是一个家庭团聚的特殊节日，在农历八月十五。
分析：这句话使用了短语fall on意为"恰逢"。
高分句型二：It is to celebrate the harvest and to enjoy the beautiful moonlight.
译文：这是为了庆祝丰收，享受美丽的月光。
分析：这句话使用了不定式内容to celebrate the harvest and to enjoy the beautiful moonlight作表语。
这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。