2023届高考英语二轮复习主语从句和表语从句课件

这是一份2023届高考英语二轮复习主语从句和表语从句课件，共24页。

Subject clause and predictive clause Grammar: 1) Subject clause 2) Predictive clauseWriting: Crrecting: Faulty Crdinatin/Subrdinatin Rewriting: Hw t expand a sentence
Nun Clauses
A nun clause is a subrdinate clause used as a nun. Like a nun, a nun clause can act as a subject, an bject, a cmplement r an appsitive. Hw did the ancient Greeks build the pyramids?The methd is still a mystery. Hw the ancient Greeks built the pyramids is still a mystery. [as a subject] What did he write n a nte?He shwed me the message last night. Last night he shwed me what he wrte n a nte. [as an bject]
This is the reasn.Why are s many peple unable t affrd a huse? This is why s many peple are unable t affrd a huse. [as a subject cmplement](Cmpare: This is the reasn why s many peple are unable t affrd a huse. [as an adjective clause mdifying the nun “reasn”])N ne can deny the fact.The fact is that the inflatin f the wrld is grwing serius. N ne can deny the fact that the inflatin f the wrld is grwing serius. [as an appsitive]
1. Frms and kinds Nun clauses usually begin with subrdinating wrds like hw, why, what, where, when, wh, that, which, whse, whether, etc. Subrdinating wrd + subject + predicate verb + bject + … Nun clauses can be put int three: thse frm wh-questins, starting with a questin wrd such as wh, what, when where, why, and hw; thse frm yes-n questins, starting with if, whether;thse frm statements, starting with that.Wh-questins are the questins that begin with wh-questin wrds, including hw, what, when, where, wh, etc. and yes-n questins are the questins t which the answer is yes r n.
Why did s many peple believe his stry?The reasn is a mystery t me. Why s many peple believed his stry is a mystery t me.(why functins as an adverb inside the nun clause) Wh will jin us?N ne tld me that. N ne tld me wh will jin us.(wh functins as a subject inside the nun clause)
Had my peratin been successful?He asked his dctr that questin. He asked his dctr if/whether his peratin had been successful.(if/whether has n functin within the nun clause) He wuld have t stay in hspital.He shuld be there fr anther tw weeks.The dctr tld him s. The dctr tld him that he wuld have t stay in hspital fr anther tw weeks.(that has n functin within the nun clause)
Wrd rder in nun clause is the same as in statements. It is cmmn errr t use questin wrd rder after sme wrds such as wh, what, when, where, hw, why and s n when they intrduce nun clauses. Hw much can yu buy with s little mney? [a wh-questin] hw much yu can buy with s little mney [a nun clause]Can yu beat his scre? [a yes/n questin] if/whether yu can beat his scre [a nun clause]He has made an imprtant discvery. [a statement] that he has made an imprtant discvery [a nun clause]N ne can alter the past. [a statement] that n ne can alter the past [a nun clause]
2. Subject clauses When a nun clause functins as a subject, it is called a subject clause. The subject clauses are nt separated by a cmma.She became an artist.That may have been due t her father’s influence. That she became an artist may have been due t her father’s influence.Will it d us harm?The questin remains t be seen. Whether it will d us harm remains t be seen.Hw many peple are we t invite?It is still a questin. Hw many peple we are t invite is still a questin.
Subject clause can be replaced by a lgic subject “it” especially when the subject clause is much lnger than the main clause. Whether it will d us harm remains t be seen. It remains t be seen whether it will d us harm. Hw many peple we are t invite is still a questin. It is still a questin hw many peple we are t invite.
When the subrdinating wrd “if” intrduces a subject clause, the clause can nt be placed at the beginning; whereas, the clause can be placed bth at the beginning and at the end when the subject clause is intrduced by the subrdinating wrd “whether”. Fr instance:  If she cmes r nt makes n difference. Whether she cmes r nt makes n difference. It is dubtful whether/if the President knew the details f the plan.
In the sentence pattern “It + be + adj. + subject clause”, we usually use subjective md in the clause when the adjectives are necessary, imprtant, impssible, strange, natural, essential and s n.He shuld srt ut the infrmatin.The infrmatin is fr my reference.His actin is necessary. It is necessary that he (shuld) srt ut the infrmatin fr my reference.We shuld build mre pwer statins.The statins use water t prduce pwer.That is imprtant. It is imprtant that we build mre hydrelectric pwer statins.
3. Predicative clauses When a nun clause fllws a link verb and functins as a cmplement f a subject, it is called a predicative clause. N cmma is needed when we use the predicative clauses. The demand is this.The cmpsitin shuld be written n ne side nly. The demand is that the cmpsitin (shuld) be written n ne side nly.The questin is this.Is she able t d it herself? The questin is whether she is able t d it herself.What did they nt knw?Why did he call them with their nick names? What they didn’t knw was why he called them with their nick names.
Predictive clauses can be intrduced by the wrd whether nt if. His first questin was if Tm had arrived yet. His first questin was whether Tm had arrived yet. If the subject f the main clause is the wrd reasn, we use the subrdinating wrd that nt because t intrduce the predictive clause. The reasn why he was dismissed was because he was careless and irrespnsible.The reasn why he was dismissed was that he was careless and irrespnsible.
Cmbine the sentences in each set int a single clear sentence cntaining at least ne subject clause r predictive clause.
1. At ne pint, their plane wuld crash. That seemed certain. At ne pint, it seemed certain that their plane wuld crash. 2. He was very embarrassed. That was bvius. It was bvius that he was very embarrassed. 3. Where shall I spend my summer? That is n business f yurs. Where I shall spend my summer is n business f yurs.
4. What makes this shp different? The reasn is this. It ffers mre persnal services. What makes this shp different is that it ffers mre persnal services.5. My advice is this. Yu practice speaking English. Yu shuld d as ften as pssible. My advice is that yu (shuld) practice speaking English as ften as pssible.6. What struck me? The reasn is this. They have all suffered a lt.What struck me was that they have all suffered a lt.7. Yu are cming t Lndn. That is the best news. I have heard sme news recently. That yu are cming t Lndn is the best news I have heard.
Faulty Crdinatin/Subrdinatin
Faulty crdinatin/subrdinatin ccurs when clauses are jined incrrectly. 1. Faulty Crdinatin The wrd “crdinate” means “equal in rank, quality, r imprtance”. Thus, crdinatin in grammar means giving equal emphasis t the ideas f equal imprtance. If the ideas cnnected in this way are nt f equal imprtant, faulty crdinatin ccurs.  Yu sent me a present recently and thank yu very much fr it. Thank yu very much fr the present yu sent me recently.  A public huse is up fr sale and Mr. Thmpsn bught it recently. A public huse which was recently bught by Mr. Thmpsn is up fr sale. A public huse recently bught by Mr. Thmpsn is up fr sale.
In general, there are tw ways t crrect the prblem:subrdinating the clause f less imprtance, and reducing the clause f less imprtance t a phrase.  The bat had passed and they swam n quickly and they knew that it wuld sn return. After the bat had passed, they swam n quickly they culd because they knew that it wuld sn return. The natins are different and certain funny situatins have a universal appeal. Althugh the natins are different, certain funny situatins have a universal appeal. In spite f natinal differences, certain funny situatins have a universal appeal.
2. Faulty SubrdinatinIf the mre imprtant clause is placed in a subrdinate situatin in a sentence, faulty subrdinatin ccurs.  The bed was smashed t pieces althugh the man was miraculusly unhurt. Althugh the bed was smashed t pieces, the man was miraculusly unhurt. When she did nt even lk up, I tk my seat beside her. She did nt even lk up when I tk my seat beside her.
If a sentence cntains a series f clauses, each subrdinate t an earlier ne, excessive subrdinatin ccurs. A way t crrect excessive subrdinatin is t break the sentence int tw r mre sentences r t change sme f the subrdinate clauses int mdifying phrases r appsitives.  When he began t play a tune, we had ur first glimpse f the snake, which rse ut f the basket and began t fllw the mvements f the pipe, s we were very much surprised when the snake charmer suddenly began t play jazz and mdern pp sngs. When he began t play a tune, we had ur first glimpse f the snake. It rse ut f the basket and began t fllw the mvements f the pipe. We were very much surprised when the snake charmer suddenly began t play jazz and mdern pp sngs.
Crrect the fllwing faulty crdinatin/subrdinatin.
There were a great many lud explsins and the race began.I had the breakfast and I sent the children t schl.I returned hme but it was still early.I did nt knw the way t my htel because I asked a pliceman.A smiling pliceman tld him and his bicycle had been fund.She went int my rm and she saw all thse bks n the flr, s she gt a big surprise.The weather was very ht fr he carried the bed n t the rf f his huse.He pens the gate frm the utside as sn as he cmes int the garden and waits until the gate shuts.Over the years, the crash was frgtten when the wreck remained undisturbed.As the plane was late, detectives were waiting at the airprt all mrning.
Keys:After a great many lud explsins, the race began.After breakfast, I sent the children t schl.It was still early when I returned hme.I did nt knw the way t my htel, s I asked a pliceman.A smiling pliceman tld him that his bicycle had been fund.She went int my rm and gt a big surprise when she saw all thse bks n the flr.Because the weather was very ht, he carried the bed n t the rf f his huse.As sn as he pens the gate frm the utside, he cmes int the garden and waits until the gate shuts.Over the years, the crash was frgtten and the wreck remained undisturbedThe plane was late and detectives were waiting at the airprt all mrning.
Assignment：
The exercise in this sectin is t create effective passages by cmbining the shrt sentences which yu think is related int lnger, mre cmplex nes. If there are sme mistakes, crrect them.Passage 1(Adapted frm Lessn 17, New Cncept English III by ) Verrazan was an Italian. Peple knw little abut him. In 1534, he sailed int New Yrk harbr. He named it as Anguleme. He described it as fllwing: its gegraphic situatin is very prper, it is lcated in the middle f tw small hills and a great river flwed frm them. Verrazan is nt a great explrer at all. Peple will never frget his name. In 1964, n Nvember 21, a wrld’s lngest suspensin bridge was built. It was given a name f him.