专题16 阅读理解 考点3 说明文-2022年中考英语真题分项汇编 （全国通用）

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专题16 阅读理解

考点3 说明文

（一）（2022·新疆·中考真题）

Why did Chinese people have more than one name in ancient times?
In ancient China, people’s names had three parts, their family name, given name and courtesy name. Take famous poet Li Bai for example. His family name, which came from his father’s name, was Li. His given name was Bai, and his courtesy name was Taibai.
People used their given names when they were among family members. But in social life, they called each other by their courtesy names to show respect. This was mostly done among people of similar age. If you were talking about yourself, or if your elders were talking about you, the given name would be used instead of the courtesy name.
Men would get their courtesy names when they turned 20. It was a symbol of adulthood (成年礼). Women would get their courtesy names after getting married.
One’s courtesy name often had something to do with one’s given name. For example, the name of Mencius was Meng Ke. His courtesy name was Ziyu. Both Ke and Ziyu mean “carriage (马车)”. Zhuge Liang’s given name was Liang, which means “bright”. His courtesy name was Kongming, which means “very bright”.
42．How many parts are there in people’s names in ancient China?
A．3. B．4. C．5. D．6.
43．What does the underlined word “courtesy” in Paragraph 2 mean in Chinese?
A．名 B．姓氏 C．字 D．昵称
44．Why did people call each other by their courtesy names in social life?
A．To show their love. B．To show their good relationship.
C．To show their kindness. D．To show their respect.
45．What would be used if your elders were talking about you according to the passage?
A．Family name. B．Nickname. C．Given name. D．Courtesy name.
46．What’s the main idea of the passage?
A．The famous poet Li Bai. B．Three parts of ancient names.
C．The ancient names and the modern names. D．The development of names.
【答案】42．A
43．C
44．D
45．C
46．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了古代人名字的组成部分以及它所代表的意义。
42．
细节理解题。根据“In ancient China, people’s names had three parts, their family name, given name and courtesy name”可知，名字有三部分，故选A。
43．
词义猜测题。根据前文“In ancient China, people’s names had three parts, their family name, given name and courtesy name”可知，三部分包括了姓，名和字，所以courtesy表示“字”，故选C。
44．
细节理解题。根据“But in social life, they called each other by their courtesy names to show respect”可知，他们互相称呼对方的尊称以示尊重，故选D。
45．
细节理解题。根据“or if your elders were talking about you, the given name would be used instead of the courtesy name”可知，如果长者谈论你会用名来称呼，故选C。
46．
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了古代人名字的组成部分以及它所代表的意义，故选B。


（二）（2022·安徽·中考真题）
Have you ever seen lions dancing in the streets? The lions dance to the beat of a drum (鼓). Of course, they are not real lions. They are dancers in lion costumes (服饰). Lion dancing first started in China centuries ago. It is meant to bring good luck in the coming year.
Usually, a lion is made up of two dancers. One dancer controls the head. The other controls the tail.
“I think of it as a sport,” says Anthony Huang, aged 16. He is a member of the New York Chinese Freemasons Athletic Club. Anthony performs (表演) as the lion’s head. It can weigh 20 pounds. Lion dancing is important to Anthony. “This tradition really lifts me up,” he says.
In the past, lion dancing was performed mostly by men. But it is different today. LionDanceMe is a lion dancing group in San Francisco, California. There are boys and girls on its team. They dance together.
“Anyone can take up lion dancing. You have to believe that you can do it,” says Ananda Tang-Lee, a 17-year-old girl.
Lion dancing will continue to evolve. But a team’s sense of community will never change. “We call it a family,” Ananda says, “It’s really great, because we always have each other’s backs.”
34．Why do people perform lion dancing?
A．To sell lion-dancing costumes. B．To wish for a lucky new year.
C．To protect the lions in the wild. D．To show skills of playing the drum.
35．Which role does Anthony play in lion dancing?
A．The lion’s head. B．The lion’s tail. C．The drummer. D．The dresser.
36．What does the underlined word “evolve” mean?
A．延期 B．模仿 C．举办 D．演变
37．What can we infer (推断) from Ananda’s words “We call it a family”?
A．They bring happiness to the family. B．They call lion dancing a family game.
C．They live together in a big family. D．They support each other like a family.
【答案】34．B
35．A
36．D
37．D
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了中国的传统舞狮，它在不断地演变，也获得了很多人的喜爱。
34．
细节理解题。根据“ It is meant to bring good luck in the coming year.”可知舞狮意在来年带来好运。故选B。
35．
细节理解题。根据“Anthony performs (表演) as the lion’s head”可知他扮演狮头。故选A。
36．
词义猜测题。根据“In the past, lion dancing was performed mostly by men. But it is different today”以及“Lion dancing will continue to evolve”可知舞狮过去只有男性扮演，现在男性和女性都可以，说明舞狮在不断地演变，故此处划线部分意为“演变”。故选D。
37．
推理判断题。根据“We call it a family,” Ananda says, “It’s really great, because we always have each other’s backs”可知他们把它叫作家庭，因为他们总是互相支持。故选D。


（三）（2022·安徽·中考真题）
A team of scientists are carrying out a project at the University of Greenwich in London. They are trying to find ways to make food on Mars (火星) in the future. The project is called Feeding Mars. It tries to use water, fish and fish waste to grow fruit and vegetables on Mars.
It would take at least 21 months to reach Mars, learn about its surface and return to Earth. So it would be a big help if the spacemen could grow fresh food on Mars itself.
Farming on Mars, however, will be very hard. There’s plenty of water that could be taken from ice just below the surface, but the land on Mars is missing the nutrients (养分) that living things need. The team say that they could solve the problem by growing plants and fish together. Fish waste can then be used to provide nutrients for plants.
“It is expected that you can grow lots of food, such as vegetables, salads, teas and medicinal plants on Mars,” said Dr Benz Kotzen, who leads the project. “You can even harvest (捕获) fish for food then.”
42．What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 1 refer to (指的是)?
A．The future. B．The project. C．The land. D．The planet.
43．What makes it difficult to farm on Mars?
A．Ice below the surface. B．Too much fish waste.
C．The missing of living things. D．The poor land condition.
44．How does Dr Benz Kotzen feel about Feeding Mars?
A．Hopeful. B．Doubtful. C．Surprised. D．Funny.
【答案】42．B
43．D
44．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍“喂养火星”这一项目。
42．
推理判断题。根据“The project is called Feeding Mars. It tries to use water, fish and fish waste to grow fruit and vegetables on Mars.”可知，这个项目被称为“喂养火星”，它试图利用水、鱼和鱼的废物在火星上种植水果和蔬菜。 此处it指的是“喂养火星”这个项目，故选B。
43．
细节理解题。根据“but the land on Mars is missing the nutrients (养分) that living things need”可知，火星上的土地缺少生物所需的营养物质，故选D。
44．
推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，本茨·科岑博士认为人们预计可以在火星上种植很多食物，甚至可以捕鱼，所以他认为这个项目是非常有前景和希望的。故选A。


（四）（2022·安徽·中考真题）
The night sky is our earliest library. There, we stored our knowledge, and passed it down around the fire, before we invented the written word.
I remember going to the local university for an astronomy (天文学) night when I was a child. That night, I saw Saturn, one of the planets, and its rings with my own eyes for the first time. The rings shone bright against the blackness of space and suddenly the universe (宇宙) wasn’t something that you only read about or imagined in your head. It was right there, and you were a part of it. That moment is priceless.
While starlight is good, light pollution here on Earth can be a real problem. For the past 200 years or so, we have used too much electricity (电) to make the night brighter. However, brighter doesn’t usually mean better, especially when a lot of that light shines up into the sky where no one needs it.
Luckily, some cities have taken actions, like setting up new downward-directing lights along the streets. I hope that more cities will join in and continue the practice of controlling unnecessary lighting, so that more of us can watch the night sky in a way humans have for thousands of years.
45．What is the night sky compared to?
A．A book. B．The earth. C．A library. D．The universe.
46．How did the writer find the astronomy night?
A．It opened his eyes. B．It controlled his mind.
C．It was a real problem. D．It took him too much time.
47．What does the writer hope for?
A．A brighter night. B．Less use of lighting.
C．More personal space. D．A better education.
【答案】45．C
46．A
47．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了现在夜晚灯光太多，造成了光污染，作者希望人们能够采取行动，减少不必要灯光，减少光污染。
45．
细节理解题。根据“The night sky is our earliest library”可知作者把夜空比作了图书馆。故选C。
46．
推理判断题。根据“The rings shone bright against the blackness of space and suddenly the universe (宇宙) wasn’t something that you only read about or imagined in your head”可知这些光环在黑暗的太空中闪耀着光芒，突然之间，宇宙不再是只能在脑海中阅读或想象的东西，由此可推知那天晚上拓宽了作者的视野。故选A。
47．
细节理解题。根据“I hope that more cities will join in and continue the practice of controlling unnecessary lighting”可知作者希望更多的城市加入并继续控制不必要的照明。故选B。


（五）（2022·广东广州·中考真题）
When you and your friends turn to each other to talk about problems or troubles, you give each other advice and help. One important thing of our growth is to make decisions to help our friends and learn to support each other. This requires us to learn what it means to help friends and how to help them in right ways.
The first step toward helping others is to identify that they need help. We all know that difficulties are part of our daily lives. However, sometimes small things can lead to more serious problems that require more help. It’s important to make sure when to help a friend. For example, you may pick up some signs that your friends are not acting like themselves. These signs show they may not be well.
The next step toward helping others is to listen. Paying attention to others while listening is very important throughout our life. When we communicate with others, we need to learn when to speak and when not to. As listeners, we should try to understand what the speakers are feeling or experiencing and try to see things from their perspectives. Listening and paying attention to others when they speak is a sign of respect and a skill that will lead to deeper and better relationships.
26．What is the purpose of the passage?
A．To discuss why people help each other. B．To describe the problems of giving help.
C．To introduce the advantages of giving help. D．To explain how we can help others properly.
27．What does the underlined word “identify” in paragraph 2 mean?
A．Require. B．Discover. C．Suggest. D．Remember.
28．What is the main idea of paragraph 3?
A．Act as a good listener to your friends. B．Learn how to give advice to your friends.
C．Pay attention to your friends’ unusual acts. D．Build good relationships with your friends.
29．According to the writer, what should you do if your friends don’t follow your advice on their serious problems?
A．Keep their problems as secrets. B．Let them make their own decisions.
C．Find out the causes of their problems. D．Get help from their trusted teachers.
【答案】26．D
27．B
28．A
29．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文讲述用正确的方式帮助朋友的建议。
26．
推理判断题。根据第一段“This requires us to learn what it means to help friends and how to help them in right ways”可知，文章主要为了讲述帮助朋友意味着什么，怎样以正确的方式帮助朋友。故选D。
27．
词义猜测题。根据第二段“It’s important to make sure when to help a friend. For example, you may pick up some signs that your friends are not acting like themselves. These signs show they may not be well”可知，确认什么时候帮助朋友是重要的，“identify”表达“识别，确认”，相当于“discover”。故选B。
28．
段落大意题。根据“The next step toward helping others is to listen. Paying attention to others while listening is very important throughout our life”可知，第三段讲述帮助朋友接下来的一步是做一个好的聆听者。故选A。
29．
推理判断题。根据第三段“As listeners, we should try to understand what the speakers are feeling or experiencing and try to see things from their perspectives”可知，如果在很严重的问题上朋友不听取你的建议，你应该努力弄懂朋友的感受和经历，努力从他们的角度看问题。可知需要弄清楚问题的原因。故选C。


（六）（2022·广东广州·中考真题）
Charles Darwin
Early years
Charles Darwin was one of the six children from a big family. His grandfather and father were doctors and the young Darwin went to Edinburgh University to study medicine. However, he hated to see blood and he soon realized that he couldn’t be a doctor. He then went to Cambridge University and discovered that he had a great interest in studying plants, insects and animals. Luckily, one of Darwin’s university teachers helped him, join the perfect trip for a biologist: a voyage around the world to study nature.
The Beagle

In 1831, Charles Darwin left Plymouth on The Beagle, a ship that took him around the world for five years. While he was travelling, he studied the plants and animals in the countries and on the islands that the ship visited. Darwin also spent his time on The Beagle writing notes about the things he had seen. When he finally arrived back in Britain, Darwin was already starting to create his famous theory that all living things had a common ancestor (祖先).
Down house

At home at Down House, a place that you can still visit today, Darwin wrote many articles and books about his travels, but he didn’t want to make anything about his theory known to the public. He worked in his study, where he wrote 250,000 words about his theory of evolution (进化论), but he was frightened about what people might say about his idea that monkeys were the ancestors of humans. He thought the public would be against it and was so frightened that he became ill with worry. However, when another scientist started to write about similar ideas, Darwin decided to print his book, On the Origin of Species.
Most scientists accepted Darwin’s theory and people continue to study it today. On 12th February, the day he was born, Darwin Day is celebrated around the world to encourage more people to study the natural world.
34．What caused Darwin to give up his study of medicine?
A．He didn’t like seeing blood. B．He found the studies too difficult.
C．He was pushed to give up by his family. D．He was advised to study natural science.
35．Why was the trip on The Beagle important to Darwin?
A．It helped him to finish his study at the university.
B．It allowed him to change his mind about his future.
C．It gave him ideas about the beginnings of human life.
D．It got him to complete his most famous book on the ship.
36．In what order did the following happen in Darwin’s life?
a. He arrived back in Britain in 1836.
b. He thought the public would not support his ideas.
c. He became interested in studying the natural world.
d. He printed his famous book, On the Origin of Species.
e. He received help to get a place on a trip around the world.
f. He studied the plants and animals on the islands he visited.
A．e→f→c→a→b→d B．c→e→f→a→b→d C．e→f→a→c→d→b D．c→e→f→d→a→b
37．Why did the writer include the last paragraph?
A．To introduce Darwin’s famous book.
B．To tell how people celebrate Darwin Day.
C．To explain why people accept Darwin’s ideas.
D．To show Darwin’s influence on natural science.
【答案】34．A
35．C
36．B
37．D
【解析】
【导语】
本文讲述达尔文早期的学习和旅行经历，讲述达尔文研究自然世界，并完成《物种起源》的经历。
34．
细节理解题。根据第一段“he hated to see blood and he soon realized that he couldn’t be a doctor”可知，达尔文讨厌看到血，所以放弃了学医。故选A。
35．
细节理解题。根据第二段“Darwin also spent his time on The Beagle writing notes about the things he had seen. When he finally arrived back in Britain, Darwin was already starting to create his famous theory that all living things had a common ancestor”可知，达尔文在“小猎户号”船上的旅行，让他开始创造他有名的理论，他认为所有的生物都有一个共同的祖先。故选C。
36．
推理判断题。根据“he had a great interest in studying plants, insects and animals”可知，他对学习自然世界感兴趣。根据“one of Darwin’s university teachers helped him, join the perfect trip for a biologist: a voyage around the world to study nature”可知，他得到帮助可以去环球航行。根据“he studied the plants and animals in the countries and on the islands that the ship visited”可知，他在岛上研究植物和动物。根据“When he finally arrived back in Britain”可知，他回到英国。根据“he was frightened about what people might say about his idea that monkeys were the ancestors of humans”可知，他认为大众不会支持他的想法。根据“Darwin decided to print his book, On the Origin of Species”可知，他出版了他的书《物种起源》。正确的顺序是c→e→f→a→b→d。故选B。
37．
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Darwin Day is celebrated around the world to encourage more people to study the natural world”可知，达尔文日是为了鼓励更多的人研究自然科学。可推断最后一段是为了展示达尔文在自然科学上的影响。故选D。


（七）（2022·广东广州·中考真题）
Imagine you are in a new city. You ask someone how to get to a bookstore. They tell you to go straight, turn left, and you will find it on your left. In fact, you can also find your way with a phone. Now imagine you are in an outdoor game. You only have a map and a compass, and instead of running down a city road, you may need to run around in the woods, climb over rocks and go up and down hills. Welcome to orienteering!
In the game of orienteering, players use a map and a compass to find stations. These stations are called controls. A special flag, usually in bright colours, marks each control. Controls are not easy to find. They may be in front of a big rock or behind a tree. In most of the games, you’ll have to find controls in numbered order, but in some games you can change the order.
At each control, players mark a card they carry with them and the card will be marked in different ways ( See Figure 1 ). The cards are very important because players must find all the controls to win. If someone misses a control, they won’t have that mark on their cards. They might cross the finish line first, but the next person to finish with a full card will win the game.
Orienteering Control Card


Culture Note: The first compass was invented by ancient Chinese people. It helps you find your way by always pointing to the North.
Name
Start time
Course
Age
Class
Finish time
1

2

3

4

5

6
7

8

9

10
11

12


Figure 1

38．What will players carry in the game?
A．A map, a compass and a flag. B．A flag, a compass and a card.
C．A compass, a map and a card. D．A phone, a compass and a map.
39．Which of the following is a rule of the game?
A．You don’t need to mark the cards.
B．You can’t miss any of the controls to win.
C．You have to find controls in numbered order.
D．You must be the first to pass the finish line to win.
40．How many controls has Anna finished in the game?
A．9. B．10. C．11. D．12.
【答案】38．C
39．B
40．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文讲述定向运动游戏的具体操作说明。
38．
细节理解题。根据“In the game of orienteering, players use a map and a compass to find stations”及“At each control, players mark a card they carry with them and the card will be marked in different ways”可知，在游戏中，需要携带一张地图，一个指南针和一张卡片。故选C。
39．
推理判断题。根据“If someone misses a control, they won’t have that mark on their card”，可知如果错过了一个控制点，就不会在卡片上得到那个得分，可知不能错过赢的任何控制点。故选B。
40．
推理判断题。根据表格的控制点有1到5,7到9，以及11到12，可知共完成10个控制点。故选B。


（八）（2022·湖南衡阳·中考真题）
A big sandstorm hit northern China several months ago. It covered many cities with thick clouds of yellow dust (尘土).
The storm, which came from Mongolia, was the largest sandstorm in China in the past 10 years. Many flights and classes were canceled because the visibility (能见度) was lower than 500 meters.
The storm was the result of warm and dry weather in the area, together with the strong winds from Mongolia. “There has been little rainfall so far this spring and the temperature is rising. So now it is a worrying time for sandstorms.” said an expert from Beijing.
In recent years, sandstorms haven’t been as common in northern China as before. The land with desertification (沙漠化) has been falling by 7, 585 km2 per year in China, and the area of sandy land has been decreasing by 1,284 km2 a year. This is thanks to China’s Three-North Shelter Forest Program (TNSFP三北防护林工程) which started in the 1970s. Millions of trees have been planted in northern China to prevent sandstorms and protect the environment.
Besides, China has a color-graded weather warning system (预警系统) for sandstorms, with red meaning the most serious, followed by orange and yellow. Therefore, people would have time to get prepared for the sandstorm.

21．What caused the sandstorm from Mongolia?
A．Cold and wet weather together with the strong winds.
B．Warm, dry weather and the strong winds.
C．Warm, wet weather and the strong winds.
22．The underlined word “decreasing” means “________”.
A．going up B．putting down C．going down
23．When did TNSFP start?
A．In the 1970s. B．In the 1980s. C．In the 1960s.
24．If the visibility in your city is 700 meters, what color will the warning be?
A．Red. B．Orange. C．Yellow
25．What can we infer (推断) from the passage?
A．We have taken some actions to prevent sandstorms.
B．Sandstorms have never changed.
C．The weather is getting worse and worse.
【答案】21．B
22．C
23．A
24．C
25．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了沙尘暴对人们的影响以及中国在抗击沙尘暴方面做了什么。
21．
细节理解题。根据“The storm was the result of warm and dry weather in the area, together with the strong winds from Mongolia.”可知，来自蒙古的沙尘暴是由温暖干燥的天气和强风导致的。故选B。
22．
词句猜测题。根据“The land with desertification (沙漠化) has been falling by 7,585 km2 per year in China, and the area of sandy land has been decreasing by 1,284 km2 a year.”可知，中国沙漠化土地每年减少7585平方公里，沙地面积每年减少1284平方公里。decreasing此处表示“减少”，与going down“下降”同义。故选C。
23．
细节理解题。根据“This is thanks to China’s Three-North Shelter Forest Program (TNSFP三北防护林工程) which started in the 1970s.”可知，三北防护林工程于20世纪70年代开始的。故选A。
24．
细节理解题。根据“with red meaning the most serious, followed by orange and yellow.”可知，红色表示最严重，对应“Super severe sandstorm”，其次是橙色和黄色。如果所在城市的能见度为700米，那么应该属于“Sandstorm”，对应的颜色应该是黄色。故选C。
25．
推理判断题。根据“Millions of trees have been planted in northern China to prevent sandstorms and protect the environment.”可知，为了防止沙尘暴和保护环境，中国北方种植了数百万棵树。因此我们已经采取了一些措施来防止沙尘暴。故选A。


（九）（2022·河北·中考真题）
Presentation（展示）skills are important at school and in other areas of life. Some people don’t like giving presentations because they don’t know what to say or because they get nervous about public speaking. Here’s some advice to help you make presentations easier and more enjoyable.
1. Get organised
The best presentations are well planned and clearly organized. Think about topics（话题）and choose a proper one. In one topic, three or four main ideas will be fine. The beginning of your presentation should be interesting. For example, you can tell a short, funny story to make people laugh.
2. Use photos or videos
Try to use photos or videos. These things make your performance more exciting and help you remember what you’ re going to say. However, you shouldn’t use too many. The “star” of your presentation should be you, not your photos or videos.
3. Practice before your performance
You need to practice many times before the “big day”. Practice saying any unusual words. Then write the main ideas on small cards to help you remember. Practice in front of a mirror and time your presentation. Finally, you can record your performance or ask a friend to watch you and then make suggestions for improvements.
4. Connect with your audience（观众）
Always look at the audience when you speak. Stand up straight, but don’t stand still or move around much. Finally, be sure to thank your audience when you finish speaking. It’s a simple but good way to end any presentation.
27．How can you interest your listeners at the beginning?
A．By listing your ideas. B．By telling a funny story.
C．By standing up straight. D．By saying simple words.
28．Which is the “big day” according to the text?
A．The day you prepare videos. B．The day you get some advice.
C．The day you visit your friends. D．The day you make a presentation.
29．What is the good way to end your presentation?
A．To repeat topics. B．To show thanks.
C．To make suggestions. D．To share main ideas.
30．Which question could best help us find out the writer’s purpose?
A．Did the writer try to teach us skills?
B．Did the writer help us understand ideas?
C．Did the writer invite us to attend a course?
D．Did the writer ask us to be polite in public?
【答案】27．B
28．D
29．B
30．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文介绍了一些使演讲更容易、更有趣的建议。
27．
细节理解题。根据“The beginning of your presentation should be interesting. For example, you can tell a short, funny story to make people laugh.”可知，通过讲一个有趣的故事，你可以让听众在一开始就感兴趣。故选B。
28．
词句猜测题。根据“Practice before your performance”和“You need to practice many times before the “big day”. ”可知，此处“big day”应该指进行演讲的那天。故选D。
29．
细节理解题。根据“Finally, be sure to thank your audience when you finish speaking. It’s a simple but good way to end any presentation.”可知，表达感谢是结束演讲的好方法。故选B。
30．
推理判断题。根据“Presentation（展示）skills are important at school and in other areas of life.”和“Here’s some advice to help you make presentations easier and more enjoyable.”可知，本文作者介绍了一些使演讲更容易、更有趣的建议，通过这些建议提升个人的演讲技能，所以作者写这篇文章的目的是为了帮助我们提升演讲技能，故A选项最能帮助我们找出作者的目的。故选A。


（十）（2022·湖南怀化·中考真题）
On August 5, 2021, Chinese sportswoman Quan Hongchan became the youngest Chinese diver（跳水运动员）to win a gold medal in the Tokyo Olympic Games.
Quan was born on March 28, 2007 and grew up in the small village of Maihe, Zhanjiang, Guangdong province. She is the third among the five children in her family. Quan started diving at the age of 7 in Zhanjiang and joined the Guangdong provincial team in 2018. Quan has spent almost all her time on hard training. She had never been to a zoo or an amusement park before 2021.
When people asked her how to celebrate the success as an Olympic champion （冠军）, Quan said, “In many ways. My mom had a car accident four years ago. I wanted to make more money to help cure （治愈） her. My gold medal is the best gift for her. Now, the most important thing is to prepare for our National Games which will be held in September.”
24．Quan Hongchan won the gold medal in the Tokyo Olympic Games when she was _______ years old.
A．7 B．12 C．14
25．Where was Quan Hongchan born?
A．In a busy city. B．In a small village. C．In a big town.
26．What happened to Quan’s mother four years ago?
A．She had a car accident. B．She was ill. C．She got lost.
27．Which of the following is TRUE about Quan Hongchan?
A．She wanted to make money to cure her father.
B．She started skating at the age of 7.
C．She had never been to a zoo before 2021.
【答案】24．C
25．B
26．A
27．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文介绍了东京奥运会上获得跳水冠军的中国运动员全红婵的情况。
24．
推理判断题。根据“On August 5, 2021, Chinese sportswoman Quan Hongchan became the youngest Chinese diver（跳水运动员）to win a gold medal in the Tokyo Olympic Games.”以及“Quan was born on March 28, 2007”可知，她在东京奥运会上获得跳水冠军时14岁，故选C。
25．
细节理解题。根据“Quan was born on March 28, 2007 and grew up in the small village of Maihe, Zhanjiang, Guangdong province.”可知，全红婵出生于广东湛江一个小村庄，故选B。
26．
细节理解题。根据“My mom had a car accident four years ago.”可知，全红婵的母亲四年前出了车祸，故选A。
27．
细节理解题。根据“She had never been to a zoo or an amusement park before 2021.”可知，2021年之前，她从未去过动物园，故选C。


（十一）（2022·湖南怀化·中考真题）
It’s late autumn in the Arctic Ocean （大西洋） . The water is covered with ice. It’s difficult for the white whales to breathe, so they come up to find openings in the ice to get enough air. As the winter is coming, they know it’s time to leave.
A group of about a hundred white whales swim south toward the Bering Sea. Halfway through their journey, their enemy, an orca（虎鲸）is swimming toward the white whales. With the help of large ice floes（浮冰）, the white whales swim faster than the orca. This gives the white whales time to swim away.
After a few more days of swimming, they arrive at the Bering Sea. The white whales will rest, hunt, and play here until April, then they’ll swim back to the Arctic Ocean.
28．Why do the white whales come up to find openings in the ice?
A．To get enough air. B．To get enough food C．To keep warm.
29．What helps the white whales to swim away from the orca?
A．Their teeth. B．Large ice floes. C．Brave fights.
30．The white whales won’t leave the Bering Sea until _________.
A．February B．March C．April
31．What’s the best title of the passage?
A．How Can White Whales Live in Summer?
B．White Whales Are on the Move.
C．White Whales Are in Great Danger.
【答案】28．A
29．B
30．C
31．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文讲述了白鲸深秋游离大西洋，大约一百头白鲸向南游向白令海的故事。
28．
细节理解题。根据“It’s difficult for the white whales to breathe, so they come up to find openings in the ice to get enough air.”可知，白鲸要获得足够的空气所以它们上来寻找冰的开口，故选A。
29．
细节理解题。根据“With the help of large ice floes （浮冰） , the white whales swim faster than the orca.”可知，在巨大的浮冰的帮助下，白鲸比虎鲸游得更快，故选B。
30．
细节理解题。根据“The white whales will rest, hunt, and play here until April”可知，白鲸直到来年四月才会离开白令海，故选C。
31．
最佳标题题。根据“It’s late autumn in the Arctic Ocean （大西洋） ...As the winter is coming, they know it’s time to leave.”及整个文章的理解可知，本文主要是讲述白鲸深秋游离大西洋，游向白令海的故事，故选B。


（十二）（2022·湖南怀化·中考真题）
When you walk on the street, you may see a lot of Chinese restaurants. Chinese food has been enjoyed in western countries for a long time. To make westerners enjoy Chinese food better, Chinese restaurants have made some changes to the dishes.
“One example is the meat,” said Yin Hang, who is studying at the University of Wollongong in Australia. “We like to eat meat with the bone （骨头） in China, but people here don’t. Chinese restaurants provide big pieces of meat without bones.”
Some Chinese brands are also becoming more popular. In many cities in Europe, stores sell TCL televisions, Haier fridges and Lenovo computers, reported Reuters（路透社）.
In the past, most western people thought Chinese products were cheap and unreliable. But things have changed greatly. “Made in China” has become cool and more people trust Chinese brands.
32．What do Chinese restaurants do to make westerners enjoy Chinese food better?
A．Cut the prices. B．Provide a clean environment. C．Change the dishes.
33．According to Reuters, stores sell _________ in many cities in Europe.
A．Australian brands B．Chinese brands C．European brands
34．What does the underlined word “unreliable” mean?
A．不可靠 B．不漂亮 C．不光滑
35．What is the passage about?
A．Chinese food and products become more popular all over the world.
B．Chinese like to eat meat without bones.
C．Western people thought Chinese products were cheap.
【答案】32．C
33．B
34．A
35．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文从食物，中国品牌入手，介绍如今中国制造的产品在国外越来越受欢迎。
32．
细节理解题。根据“To make westerners enjoy Chinese food better, Chinese restaurants have made some changes to the dishes”可知，为了让西方人更好地享受中餐，中餐馆对菜肴做了一些改变，故选C。
33．
细节理解题。根据“In many cities in Europe, stores sell TCL televisions, Haier fridges and Lenovo computers, reported Reuters”可知，在欧洲的许多城市，都有售卖中国品牌的产品，故选B。
34．
词义猜测题。根据“In the past, most western people thought Chinese products were cheap and unreliable”可知，此处应是过去西方人民对中国产品不好的评价，结合“Made in China” has become cool and more people trust Chinese brands”可知，如今更多的人相信中国品牌，说明之前认为中国品牌不可靠，故选A。
35．
主旨大意题。本文从食物，中国品牌入手，介绍如今中国制造的产品在国外越来越受欢迎，故选A。


（十三）（2022·湖南湘潭·中考真题）
Recently, a study (研究), published in BMC Medicine, found that sitting in front of the TV for a long time was a risk for people’s health.
After scientists used data (数据) on 370, 000 people, covering 12 years, they found about 9, 000 developed heart disease. They found people with genes (基因) of heart problems were more likely to develop heart disease. However, they found that people without such genes watching more than four hours of TV every day were also at the greatest risk of heart disease. People spending 2 to 3 hours a day watching TV had a 6% lower risk. And those who watched less than an hour had a 16% lower risk. The scientists of the research team finally found cutting TV watching time to less than an hour a day could prevent 10% of heart disease.
In life, people who want “one more episode (剧集)” might be the group at a higher risk, for they are easy to spend more time watching TV. If they have more snacks while watching TV, it might add the risk of putting their hearts in danger. So, if people want to watch TV longer, standing up and moving the body, or hanging out will work. But limiting their time on TV could be a more useful way to help them avoid possible heart problems in the future.
26．According to the text, how long did the research cover?
A．10 years. B．12 years. C．14 years.
27．From paragraph 2, which of the following is right?
A．People watching one hour of TV are at the greatest risk.
B．The less time people spend on TV, the lower the risk is.
C．Watching TV is the only reason to develop heart disease.
28．Which best explains “limiting” underlined in paragraph 3?
A．限制 B．记录 C．花费
29．Where is this text probably from?
A．A tour guide. B．A story book. C．A newspaper.
30．What is the main idea of the text?
A．We’d better not watch TV more than one hour a day.
B．Hanging out after dinner is good for our heart health.
C．Having snacks while watching TV adds risks for heart.
【答案】26．B
27．B
28．A
29．C
30．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了BMC医学杂志上的一项研究，研究发现长时间坐在电视机前对人们的健康有风险。
26．
细节理解题。根据“After scientists used data (数据) on 370, 000 people, covering 12 years, they found about 9, 000 developed heart disease. ”可知，这项研究历时12年。故选B。
27．
细节理解题。根据“However, they found that people without such genes watching more than four hours of TV every day were also at the greatest risk of heart disease. People spending 2 to 3 hours a day watching TV had a 6% lower risk. And those who watched less than an hour had a 16% lower risk. ”可知，人们看电视的时间越少，风险就越低。故选B。
28．
词句猜测题。根据“But limiting their time on TV could be a more useful way to help them avoid possible heart problems in the future.”可知，但限制他们看电视的时间可能是帮助他们避免将来可能出现的心脏病的更有用的方法。此处limiting表示“限制”。故选A。
29．
推理判断题。本文主要介绍了BMC医学杂志上的一项研究，研究发现长时间坐在电视机前对人们的健康有风险。结合选项，可能来自一份报纸。故选C。
30．
主旨大意题。根据“But limiting their time on TV could be a more useful way to help them avoid possible heart problems in the future.”和全文其余部分内容可知，作者通过这项研究想要告诉我们应该限制看电视的时间，A选项“我们最好每天看电视不要超过一个小时。”符合题意，故选A。


（十四）（2022·江苏连云港·中考真题）
Did you know that vocabulary (词汇) is more important than grammar? If you have good vocabulary, you can communicate successfully, even if the grammar is not completely perfect.
However, one common problem is learning new words and then forgetting them. So when you want to use a new word in a conversation, you can’t remember it at that moment. Does this often happen to you? The reason for this difficulty is that most students try to learn vocabulary by studying lists and dictionaries and remembering the words. But it may not work if you don’t have a very good memory.
The best way to learn vocabulary and remember the words successfully, is to learn new words and use them at once. You can do this with a very simple exercise. Every time you learn a new word, for example, from an English lesson or an article, write it down in your vocabulary notebook. Writing is more active than just reading a definition (释义). You should write the word, the definition in English or translation, one example sentence from the article or dictionary and one example sentence that you create.
Imagine you just learn the word “generous”, write in your vocabulary notebook: generous (adjective), definition—giving or willing to give freely. Example one, from the article: Thanks for paying for my dinner, you’re very generous. Example two, my example: My brother is generous because he volunteers at the animal shelter on weekends. It’s best if your example sentences are true to your life, because this creates a personal connection with the new word. The next day, read your vocabulary notebook again and try to add one more example sentence using the new word. It’s helpful for you to remember it. These two simple steps—writing the word and using it at once—help you remember and use new words.
Do you have a vocabulary notebook? If not, start now.
38．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A．The problem. B．The new word. C．The conversation. D．The dictionary.
39．What’s the correct order of the following steps of taking vocabulary notes?
①Make your own example sentence.
②Write the word, its English definition or translation.
③Copy an example sentence from the article or dictionary.
④Read your notebook again and add one more example sentence.
A．②③①④ B．②③④① C．③④②① D．③②①④
40．How can we make the best example sentences according to the writer?
A．By asking for help from friends. B．By explaining words’ definitions.
C．By connecting them with our life. D．By adding words from the article.
41．What’s the best title for the passage?
A．Tips for Translating Words B．Advice on Using Grammar
C．Abilities of Creating Examples D．Ways of Learning New Words
【答案】38．B
39．A
40．C
41．D
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要讲述了学习新单词的方法。
38．
词句猜测题。根据“So when you want to use a new word in a conversation, you can’t remember it at that moment.”可知，当你想在对话中使用一个新词时，你一时想不起来，推出it代替上文的“a new word”；故选B。
39．
细节理解题。根据“You should write the word, the definition in English or translation”；“one example sentence from the article or dictionary”；“and one example sentence that you create”和“The next day, read your vocabulary notebook again and try to add one more example sentence using the new word. ”可知，正确的顺序是②③①④；故选A。
40．
细节理解题。根据“It’s best if your example sentences are true to your life, because this creates a personal connection with the new word.”可知，将新单词与生活相结合；故选C。
41．
最佳标题题。根据全文内容可知，主要讲述了学习新单词的方法；故选D。


（十五）（2022·江苏连云港·中考真题）

The Horsetail Fall (瀑布) is one of Yosemite National Park’s most amazing views. Around the second week of February, the setting sun hits the Horsetail Fall at just the right angle (角度) to light the upper parts of the waterfall. And when conditions are right, the Horsetail Fall becomes orange and red at sunset. It is like red-hot lava (熔岩) pouring down from the top of the El Capitan. So, it got the name “firefall”.
The firefall is a perfect match of the weather, the fall, the time and the watching place. It usually appears on dry, warm and cloudless days. There must be enough flowing water to make a firefall too. So there must be enough snow on the mountain top, and it turns into water on warm afternoons.
The sun goes to the best place before the fall in late February. And the best time to watch the fall is 5 to 15 minutes before the sunset. Only at this time can visitors see the firefall. The El Capitan Picnic Area is the best place to watch, because it is close to the fall and is perfect to set up cameras and tents.
Every year in February, thousands of photographers come to watch the firefall. Although the view may appear just minutes before sunset, many of them have to come hours earlier to get a right place to set their cameras in time. “I’m just saying that the Yosemite Firefall is something you don’t want to miss during the winter,” says Kate Moore, a traveller and the lead content creator for ParkedInParadise.com.
42．Paragraph 1 mainly tells us ________.
A．how the firefall got its name B．why it’s easy to see the firefall
C．who was the first to find the firefall D．on which day we can visit the frefall
43．What can we know about the firefall?
A．It lasts for half an hour before the sunset.
B．It usually appears on wet, warm and cloudy days.
C．Rivers provide enough flowing water to make a fall.
D．Its best watching place is the El Capitan Picnic Area.
44．From the words of Kate Moore, we can infer that ________.
A．the firefall is worth seeing B．it’s dangerous to watch the firefall
C．the firefall brings little surprise D．it’s a waste of time to visit the firefall
45．What’s the theme of the passage?
A．Art. B．Nature. C．Technology. D．History.
【答案】42．A
43．D
44．A
45．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了马尾瀑布上独特的美景以及最佳观赏时间。
42．
主旨大意题。根据“So, it got the name ‘firefall’”以及整段的介绍可知，第一段主要介绍了它的名字的由来，故选A。
43．
细节理解题。根据“The El Capitan Picnic Area is the best place to watch, because it is close to the fall and is perfect to set up cameras and tents”可知，埃尔卡皮坦野餐区是观看的最佳地点，故选D。
44．
推理判断题。根据“I’m just saying that the Yosemite Firefall is something you don’t want to miss during the winter”可推知，这个瀑布很值得一看，故选A。
45．
推理判断题。本文主要介绍了马尾瀑布上独特的美景，属于自然范畴，故选B。


（十六）（2022·江苏苏州·中考真题）
All aboard! Let’s take a ride on the world’s highest railway—the Qinghai-Tibet Railway（青藏铁路）. Sit back and enjoy the journey. Get ready for the trip of a lifetime.
We’re leaving Qinghai Station. The scenery along the way is some of the wildest in all of China. Keep your eyes open as we race through this beautiful land. You might see a rare Tibetan antelope（藏羚羊）from your window.

Before we begin our journey, let’s learn about this amazing railway. It’s truly one of the great engineering wonders of the 21st century. When it was completed on July 1, 2006, the Tibet Railway set nine world records, including the world’s highest railway at 5,072 metres above sea level, the world’s highest tunnel（隧道）at 4,905 metres, and the longest tunnel ever built on permafrost（冻土）.
As we travel higher, the air gets thinner and thinner. Soon there will only be 50 to 60 percent of the oxygen which we are used to breathing. But don’t be afraid. Each rail car has two separate oxygen systems. One system spreads oxygen throughout the train at all times. And each passenger can also get a personal oxygen mask just like those used in planes.
Here are a few more things to think about as our train leaves the station. The designers solved three main challenges when building this great railway. First, the high altitude（海拔）made the task difficult because there was no enough oxygen. Second, much of the railway runs across permafrost, a type of ground that keeps changing as the weather warms and cools. Finally, the railway goes through some of the most sensitive ecology（敏感的生态环境）in China. Great care was necessary to make sure of the smallest possible influence on nature.
All three challenges were met, making our trip possible. All aboard! The train to Tibet is leaving in fifteen minutes.
18．Where are the passengers?
A．On a bus. B．On a train. C．On a ship. D．On a plane.
19．How does the text show the railway is amazing in paragraph 3?
A．By telling a story. B．By using a designer’s words.
C．By introducing its world records. D．By comparing the present with the past.
20．How many oxygen systems are there in each rail car?
A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.
21．Which of the following increased the difficulty of building the railway?
A．The changing ground. B．The polluted air. C．The dangerous animals. D．The hot weather.
【答案】18．B
19．C
20．B
21．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了21世纪伟大的工程奇迹之一——青藏铁路。
18．
细节理解题。根据“We’re leaving Qinghai Station. The scenery along the way is some of the wildest in all of China”可知，乘客现在在火车站，故选B。
19．
推理判断题。根据“When it was completed on July 1, 2006, the Tibet Railway set nine world records”以及“The designers solved three main challenges when building this great railway. First..., Second,...Finally...”可知，第三段是通过介绍它的世界纪录来展示它的惊人之处的，故选C。
20．
细节理解题。根据“Each rail car has two separate oxygen systems”可知，每节车厢都有两个独立的氧气系统，故选B。
21．
细节理解题。根据“First, the high altitude（海拔）made the task difficult because there was no enough oxygen”可知，高海拔使任务变得困难，因为没有足够的氧气，故选A。


（十七）（2022·江苏宿迁·中考真题）
The oil paper umbrella is a traditional Chinese handicraft（手工艺品）. It has a history of over 1,000 years in China．In early Tang Dynasty, it was introduced to Japan and Korea, so it was called the “Tang Umbrella”. Later oil paper umbrellas were spread to other Asian countries, such as Vietnam, Thailand and Laos, and each had its own style. However, as steel-ribbed（钢骨的）umbrellas appeared in the last century, the hand-made oil paper umbrellas became less used in daily life. They were turned into decorative artifacts（装饰性工艺品）.
Yuhang in Hangzhou is known for making oil paper umbrellas for more than 230 years. They are mainly made of skin paper（皮纸）, bamboo, a coating of Tung oil（桐油）. They need to take more than 70 steps to make, including making bamboo ribs, pesting papers（糊纸）and painting patterns（图案）. It takes at least a week to make per umbrella. In 2008, these umbrellas were added to Intangible Cultural Heritage List（非物质文化遗产名录）of China.
A young man called Liu Weixue learned the traditional art of making Yuhang oil paper umbrellas from his grandfather. “I want to bring the art to life.” Liu said. He improved the umbrellas to win the hearts of young people. As the traditional paper was easy to break, he started to use a kind of thicker paper. In a test, his umbrellas were opened and closed for 1,000 times without breaking. He used a kind of lighter bamboo to make the umbrellas weigh less.
Now Liu hopes the art can be passed on. He goes to local schools to teach students. He also goes to events in different places to promote（推广）the art.
34．What is the main idea of paragraph 1?
A．The history of oil paper umbrellas. B．The styles of oil paper umbrellas.
C．The design of oil paper umbrellas. D．The ways of using oil paper umbrellas.
35．What is an oil paper umbrella mainly made of according to the passage?
A．Wool,bamboo and a coating of Tung oil. B．Plastic,bamboo and a coating of Tung oil.
C．Skin paper,bamboo and a coating of Tung oil. D．Leather,bamboo and a coating of Tung oil.
36．Why did Liu Weixue learn the art of making Yuhang oil paper umbrellas?
A．Because he couldn’t find a better job. B．Because he wanted to bring the art to life.
C．Because young people liked the fashion. D．Because his grandfather told him to learn.
37．Which part of a magazine is the passage probably from?
A．Culture. B．Medicine. C．Music. D．Sports.
【答案】34．A
35．C
36．B
37．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文介绍了中国传统手工艺品——油纸伞的发展情况。
34．
段落大意题。根据“The oil paper umbrella is a traditional Chinese handicraft（手工艺品）...”可知，本段主要介绍了油纸伞的相关历史，故选A。
35．
细节理解题。根据“They are mainly made of skin paper（皮纸）, bamboo, a coating of Tung oil（桐油）.”可知，油纸伞的主要材料有皮纸、竹子、桐油，故选C。
36．
细节理解题。根据“I want to bring the art to life.”可知，因为他想让艺术活起来，故选B。
37．
推理判断题。根据整个文章的理解可知，主要是介绍油纸伞的一些信息，应该是在杂志的文化板块能发现，故选A。


（十八）（2022·江苏宿迁·中考真题）
Recently, China has announced the list of the first five national parks.
Each of them is divided into two parts-the core（核心）protection area and the general control area. In the core protection area, only research and surveillance（监视）in science are allowed. And the general control area is open to the public, allowing travel activities such as camping and hiking. In the future, national parks are expected to be natural classrooms. People can learn about different kinds of animals and plants through eco-friendly（环保的）travel activities.
The national parks can also be helpful to local people. The building of these national parks provides many jobs for local people. People living in or around the parks can work as park rangers（护林员）and guides. They can also sell some eco-friendly things with local colour. So their yearly incomes（收人）will grow a lot.
Then let’s take a look at the five national parks.

Three River-Source National Park on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau（青藏高原）, is the largest national park in China. Because it is home to the sources of the Yangtze, Yellow and Lancang rivers, people call it “China’s water tower”.

Northeast China Tiger and Leopard（豹）National Park is in Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces. It covers an area of 14,100 square kilometres. It is our country’s biggest and only place for wild Siberian tigers and Amur leopards to live in.

Wuyi Mountain National Park in Fujian Province is a UNESCO natural and cultural heritage site（遗址）. The forest makes up over 96 percent of the park. The park is the paradise of birds, kingdom（王国）of snakes and world of insects. You can also see the Danxia landform（地貌）there.

Giant Panda National Park connects panda habitats（栖息地）in Sichuan, Shaanxi and Gansu provinces. Inside the park are more than 1,600 wild gian1 pandas. They make up over 70 percent of the pandas in China.

Hainan Tropical（热带的）Rainforest National Park is the largest tropical forest in China. There are more than 400 kinds of plants that can only be found in Hainan. The world’s only 35 Hainan gibbons（长臂猿）live there.

38．What activity can be done in the core protection area?
A．Hunting. B．Researching. C．Hiking. D．Camping.
39．What can we know from paragraph 3?
A．Building the national parks only needs rangers and guides.
B．Farming makes local people improve their yearly incomes.
C．Visitors can buy anything with local color in the national parks.
D．Local people can get much advantage from the national parks.
40．What does the underlined word “paradise” in the form above mean?
A．A perfect place. B．A happy feeling. C．A good example. D．A sweet smile.
41．What might be the best title for the passage?
A．The beautiful scenes of nature B．The home of animals and plants
C．The introduction to the five national parks D．The relationships among the five national parks
【答案】38．B
39．D
40．A
41．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了中国公布的首批五个国家公园的情况。
38．
细节理解题。根据“In the core protection area, only research and surveillance（监视）in science are allowed.”可知，在核心保护区，只允许进行科学研究和监测，故选B。
39．
细节理解题。根据“The national parks can also be helpful to local people...So their yearly incomes（收人）will grow a lot.”可知，建立国家公园对当地人也有好处，故选D。
40．
词义猜测题。根据“The forest makes up over 96 percent of the park. The park is the paradise of birds, kingdom（王国）of snakes and world of insects.”可知，森林占公园的96%以上。公园是鸟类的天堂，蛇的王国，昆虫的世界，所以单词“paradise”指的是“天堂”，即完美之地，故选A。
41．
最佳标题题。根据“Recently, China has announced the list of the first five national parks.”及整个文章的理解可知，主要是介绍五个国家公园的情况，故选C。


（十九）（2022·江苏扬州·中考真题）
Wetlands are any land that is flooded with shallow water all or most of the time. They are a natural water holding system.
There are many types of wetlands. Among them, bogs, marshes and swamps are the three main types. The different types of wetlands have different kinds of plants. Only mosses(苔藓)and a few other kinds of plants can grow in bogs. Grassy plants like cattails（香蒲）and reeds(芦苇)are the most common plants in a marsh. A swamp is a forest whose ground is underwater all or most of the time. Unlike bogs or marshes, a swamp is full of trees and bushes. It’s not a good idea to go exploring a swamp without a guide. There are hidden pools of water, thick mud, and sometimes big crocodiles(鳄鱼)looking for their next meal.
Hungry crocodiles aren’t the only animals that make the wetlands their home. Otters, turtles, frogs, snakes and many other animals do too. The water is home to many kinds of fish and crabs. Birds, including ducks, geese and cranes, use wetlands seasonally during their long migrations.
Wetlands are important because they provide habitats for plants and animals. A wetland system can also protect shorelines, make polluted waters clean, prevent floods, and restore underground water supplies.
According to WWF, more than half of the world’s wetlands have disappeared since the beginning of the 20th century. If this continues, countless plant and animal species will surely die out. Without wetlands, cities have to spend more money treating water. Don’t feel helpless. Try to do your part to protect them right now. Here are some ideas.
31．According to Paragraph 2, what can you see in a swamp?
A．Mosses. B．Cattails. C．Reeds. D．Trees.
32．According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A．Wetlands are a man-made water holding system.
B．There are three types of wetlands in the world.
C．People can not meet with big crocodiles in wetlands.
D．Wetlands can protect shorelines and prevent floods.
33．What is the writer probably going to talk about after Paragraph 5?
A．What are the different types of wetlands?
B．What will happen if wetlands disappear?
C．What actions can people take to protect wetlands?
D．What other kinds of plants and animals live in wetlands?
【答案】31．D
32．D
33．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了三种不同的湿地，不同的湿地有不同的植物和动物，而且湿地很重要，所以我们要采取行动保护湿地。
31．
细节理解题。根据“ a swamp is full of trees and bushes”可知在沼泽地里有树木和灌木。故选D。
32．
细节理解题。根据“ wetland system can also protect shorelines, make polluted waters clean, prevent floods”可知湿地系统还可以保护海岸线、防止洪水。故选D。
33．
推理判断题。根据“Try to do your part to protect them right now. Here are some ideas”可知接下来会介绍应如何保护湿地。故选C。



（二十）（2022·江苏扬州·中考真题）
Researchers at China Aerospace Science and Industry Corp, a State-owned defense contractor, have developed and made the world’s first robot whale shark（鲸鲨）.

The robotic shark has been on display in an aquarium（水族馆）at Shanghai Haichang Ocean Park since January.
A whale shark is a slow-moving carpet shark and the largest known living fish.
Designed and built by engineers at the Shenyang-based No 111 Factory, the underwater robot is 4.7 meters long, weighs 350 kilograms and can move 42 meters a minute.
Powered by a lithium battery, it can swim, turn, float and dive like a real shark by moving its mechanical fins（鳍）. The mouth and gills（鳃）can also open and close like a shark’s. The biomimetic shark is made of sensors（传感器）, multi-joint fins, batteries, and systems which enable it to avoid what’s in the way in all directions.
“The robot can reach a depth of 10 meters and work for as long as 10 hours,” said Fang Xuelin, a senior researcher in charge of the robot shark program.
“The shark can be remotely controlled and can also swim based on preset programs or its own sensors,” he said.
“We have built multiple kinds of robot fishes, and the robotic whale shark is the largest mechanical fish we have made so far,” Fang added. “Our robots are to serve three purposes—to perform in aquariums for entertainment, spread knowledge about the sea and aquatic（水生的）animals among youngsters, and carry out scientific tasks such as hydrological surveys, underwater photography and environmental inspection.”
“The factory now plans to develop more types of aquatic robots, including some extinct mammals（哺乳动物）, for display in parks and schools. It will also promote the products to businesses engaged in fields such as underwater salvage and mineral prospecting,” he said.
42．The whale shark on display is ________.
A．the world’s first robot B．the largest living fish
C．a 7.4-meter-long shark D．a robotic shark
43．What does the underlined word “biomimetic”in Paragraph 5 mean?
A．仿生的 B．虚拟的 C．杂交的 D．变异的
44．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．The shark is the first mechanical fish made at the factory.
B．Powered by a lithium battery, the shark can swim without stopping.
C．The factory has built multiple kinds of robot fishes including the shark.
D．The factory has developed some extinct mammals for display in parks.
45．What does Paragraph 8 mainly talk about?
A．The limits of the aquatic robots. B．The purposes of the aquatic robots.
C．The progress in making aquatic robots. D．The steps to developing aquatic robots.
【答案】42．D
43．A
44．C
45．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文讲述中国航天科工集团有限公司的研究员研发的世界上首个机器鲸鲨的主要特点和用途。
42．
细节理解题。根据第一段“the world’s first robot whale shark”可知，展览的是世界上第一个机器鲸鲨。故选D。
43．
词义猜测题。根据第四段“Designed and built by engineers at the Shenyang-based No 111 Factory”及第五段“Powered by a lithium battery, it can swim, turn, float and dive like a real shark”可知，鲸鲨是工程师设计和制作出来的，像真实的鲨一样可以游泳，转弯，漂浮和潜水。“biomimetic”表达“仿生的”。故选A。
44．
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“We have built multiple kinds of robot fishes, and the robotic whale shark is the largest mechanical fish we have made so far”可知，工厂已经建了很多种类的机器鱼，机器鲸是目前制作的最大的机械鱼。C选项表述准确。故选C。
45．
段落大意题。根据“Our robots are to serve three purposes—to perform in aquariums for entertainment, spread knowledge about the sea and aquatic animals among youngsters, and carry out scientific tasks such as hydrological surveys, underwater photography and environmental inspection”可知，第八段主要讲述了制作水生机器鱼的目的。故选B。


（二十一）（2022·江西·中考真题）
Indonesians love to celebrate. They believe that celebrating and eating together brings good luck. Let’s party Indonesia-style.
Would you be surprised to find a New Year’s Day in March? Indonesians on the island of Bali are getting ready to ring in Nyepi, their New Year. It falls in March or April on the night of the new moon and is a symbol of a fresh start for the people and the island of Bali. On the eve of Nyepi, families and friends get together in the market. They carry a huge monster which is made of wood and other materials around the village three times. After that, people set it on fire, hoping to drive out evil (邪恶的) spirits.
After Nyepi, a Turun tanah ceremony begins in honor of a child’s first steps. At the Turun Tanah, parents invite friends and family to a party to introduce the baby. They put different objects such as a bracelet (手镯), pen, mirror or toy computer around their baby. If the baby picks up a pen, he or she may be a writer. A child who picks up a gold bracelet may be rich.

While Turun tanah celebrates the future of a family. Galungan celebrates its past. Ancestors who have died return ‘home’ during this ten-day celebration. And living relatives do their best to make them happy. Tall bamboo poles line the street. People attend the ceremonies and visit their family and village temples. Actors and dancers give performances that tell stories of good fighting against evil.
A year of festivals has come to an end. Don’t worry: next year, Indonesia will be buzzing (发出嗡嗡声) again with celebrations, so welcome to the party!
32．What’s the theme (主题) of the passage?
A．Celebrations. B．Feelings. C．Family. D．Health.
33．What do people do during Galungan? Check and choose the right answer.
①Watch performances.   ②Discuss new babies’ future.
③Visit their family and village temples.   ④Put the bamboo poles along the street.
⑤Carry a huge monster around the village.
A．①②⑤ B．①③④ C．②③④ D．③④⑤
34．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．The baby who picks up a pen may be a writer.
B．Nyepi usually comes after Turun tanah in Bali.
C．New Year’s Day in Indonesia begins in February.
D．People fire bamboo poles to drive away the monster.
35．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?
A． B． C． D．
36．What is the writer’s purpose according to the passage?
A．To welcome us to the festivals. B．To show us how to treat the ancestors.
C．To tell us how to hold the party. D．To teach us how to fight against the evil.
【答案】32．A
33．B
34．A
35．D
36．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了印度尼西亚人们庆祝节日的活动。
32．
主旨大意题。根据“Don’t worry: next year, Indonesia will be buzzing again with celebrations, so welcome to the party!”及全文内容可知本文主要介绍了印度尼西亚人们庆祝节日的活动，主题是“庆祝活动”。故选A。
33．
细节理解题。根据“Galungan celebrates its past. ... Tall bamboo poles line the street. People attend the ceremonies and visit their family and village temples. Actors and dancers give performances that tell stories of good fighting against evil.”可知在Galungan期间人们看表演、拜访他们的家人和乡村寺庙并沿街放竹竿。故选B。
34．
细节理解题。根据“If the baby picks up a pen, he or she may be a writer.”可知拿起钢笔的婴儿可能是作家。故选A。
35．
篇章结构题。第一段引出印度尼西亚人喜欢庆祝这个事实；第二、三、四段分段介绍了几个节日庆祝活动；第五段收尾，邀请读者到印度尼西亚参与节日庆祝活动。D项符合文章结构。故选D。
36．
推理判断题。根据“Don’t worry: next year, Indonesia will be buzzing again with celebrations, so welcome to the party!”可知文末邀请读者到印度尼西亚参加节日庆祝活动，这也是作者的目的。故选A。


（二十二）（2022·江西·中考真题）
Improvements in technology often happen overnight. Some gadgets get smaller and faster. Others are replaced (代替) by newer things like smartphones. They can do hundreds of things. Here are some old gadgets that people used to use.
①________
Do you have a landline at home? These are phones that people plug (插入) into their living room walls. Mobile phones didn’t use to be so common at that time, so most families had a landline. But landlines only worked at home. What did people do when they were outside and needed to call someone? They looked for a pay phone! Then, most people had their own mobile phones and many homes no longer had landlines.
②________

People today store plenty of information online, or on SD cards. But in the 1980s and 1990s, people used to use floppy disks. The first floppy disks were large, expensive, and not very useful — each disk could store just 175 KB of information! Later, floppy disks got smaller and better. But even the best ones could only hold 1.44 MB．You would need three or four disks just for one song, and about 22,000 disks to match the storage (储存空间) available on a 32 GB phone!
③________

It’s easy to take photos today. People often have thousands just on their phones! But photos used to be expensive, and people took fewer of them. To take a photo, you had to buy a roll of film. This allowed you to take about 30 photos. After finishing the roll, you left it at a shop. The shop developed the photos to make them be seen, which you could collect after a few days.
Technology changes all the time, and the gadgets we use today will one day be old. What do you think will be next to disappear?
37．What does the underlined word “gadgets” mean in Paragraph 1?
A．Toys. B．Tools. C．Games. D．Phones.
38．Match the title with each paragraph.
a. Goodbye Disks     b. Music to My Ears     c. Picture This     d. Call Me     e. Film Development
A．①-d, ②-b, ③-e B．①-d, ②-a, ③-c C．①-c, ②-a, ③-b D．①-c, ②-b, ③-e
39．What were the first floppy disks like?
A．They could store much. B．They were very useful.
C．They cost a lot of money. D．They were easy to carry.
40．What can we get from the passage?
A．It was convenient to take photos with film.
B．People outside used landlines to call someone.
C．Improvements in technology change people’s life.
D．For a time, many people had pay phones at home.
41．What would be the best title for the passage?
A．The Changing Phones. B．The Products of Tomorrow.
C．Old Things We Use Today. D．The Things We Used to Use.
【答案】37．B
38．B
39．C
40．C
41．D
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了人们过去常用的旧工具。
37．
词义猜测题。根据“Some gadgets get smaller and faster. Others are replaced by newer things like smartphones.”可知此处指变得更小更快的东西，举例中有智能手机，由此推出gadgets意为“工具，设备”。故选B。
38．
标题归纳题。根据“Then, most people had their own mobile phones and many homes no longer had landlines.”可知①段讲电话机手机，用“Call Me”做标题；根据“But in the 1980s and 1990s, people used to use floppy disks.”可知②段以前用过的磁盘，用“Goodbye Disks”做标题；再由“It’s easy to take photos today. People often have thousands just on their phones! But photos used to be expensive, and people took fewer of them.”可知③段介绍拍照工具，用“Picture This”做标题。故选B。
39．
细节理解题。根据“The first floppy disks were large, expensive, and not very useful — each disk could store just 175 KB of information!”可知第一批软盘很贵，要花费很多钱。故选C。
40．
推理判断题。根据“Improvements in technology often happen overnight.”及下文内容可知文中介绍科技在进步，这在不断改变人们的生活。故选C。
41．
标题归纳题。根据“Here are some old gadgets that people used to use.”及全文内容可知本文主要介绍了人们过去常用的旧工具，用“The Things We Used to Use.”做标题最合适。故选D。


（二十三）（2022·山东泰安·中考真题）
The new railway line linking China and Laos（老挝）opened to traffic on December 3, 2021. All the passengers on the train were very excited.
The line is 1,035 kilometers long and it runs between Kunming, the capital of Yunnan Province, and Vientiane（万象）, the capital of Laos. It takes about 10 hours to get to Vientiane from Kunming. This line, with a top speed of 200 kilometers per hour, has 50 stations.
Engineer Ouyang Qiang took part in construction（建设）of the new line. “Each station along the line has a special and beautiful view.” he said. adding that Yunnan has pleasant weather in all seasons and the views are fantastic all year round.
Hang Dianhua, 76, was on the first train on Friday from Kunming to Xishuangbanna. “One of my students took part in this project. It’s a proud event for China. I hope to take the train with my daughter and two granddaughters who live in Beijing in the future.” Hang said.
Jaruwan comes from Thailand. Now she works in Yunnan. She was also a passenger on the train. She believes fruit from Thailand can be sent faster and cheaper to China. And at the same time, the new tourism routes（路线）might be developed thanks to the line. More Chinese people will take the railway to Laos, and then visit Thailand.
The China-Laos Railway is part of a bigger plan to connect Kunming all the way with Singapore.
11．The new railway line runs between ________ and ________ now.
A．Beijing; Xishuangbanna B．China; Singapore
C．Kunming; Vientiane D．China; Thailand
12．Who took part in construction of the China-Laos Railway line?
A．Hang Dianhua. B．Ouyang Qiang. C．Jaruwan. D．Hang Dianhua’s daughter.
13．Which of the following statements about Hang Dianhua is NOT true?
A．One of his students took part in the China-Laos railway project.
B．He went to Xishuangbanna on the first train.
C．He took the train together with his daughter and two granddaughters.
D．He thought the opening of the new line was a proud event for China.
14．What can we know from the passage?
A．The China-Laos railway line is 1.035 kilometers long and has 200 stations.
B．Ouyang Qiang was an engineer and he was Hang Dianhua’s student.
C．The fruit trade between China and Thailand can be more convenient.
D．The Chinese tourists can take the railway to Singapore from Kunming now.
【答案】11．C
12．B
13．C
14．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍连接中国到老挝的新的铁路。
11．
细节理解题。根据“The line is 1,035 kilometers long and it runs between Kunming, the capital of Yunnan Province, and Vientiane, the capital of Laos.”可知，这条线路连接云南省省会昆明和老挝首都万象。故选C。
12．
细节理解题。根据“Engineer Ouyang Qiang took part in construction of the new line.”可知，工程师欧阳强参与了这条新线路的建设。故选B。
13．
推理判断题。根据“I hope to take the train with my daughter and two granddaughters who live in Beijing in the future.”可知，是希望将来和我的女儿以及两个住在北京的孙女一起坐火车，而不是已经乘坐了。故选C。
14．
细节理解题。根据“ She believes fruit from Thailand can be sent faster and cheaper to China.”可知，她认为泰国的水果可以更快、更便宜地运到中国。由此推知，中泰之间的水果贸易可以更加方便，故选C。


（二十四）（2022·山东泰安·中考真题）
We all know the sun is important. It makes life on our planet possible. But how does the sun do that? It’s the sun’s energy.
Energy from the sun is called solar energy（太阳能）. It comes in the form of light or heat. People have used solar energy for thousands of years. The sun’s energy can be used to heat water and even food. If you own a magnifying glass, your parents have probably warned you not to leave it in the sun. Solar energy can actually make the magnifying glass burn objects underneath it causing a fire. This type of energy from the sun is called solar thermal（热的）energy.
We can also turn the sun’s light into electricity. This is done with solar panels（板）. Solar panels are made up of a material called silicon（硅）. The silicon is heated and formed into very thin wafers（晶片）. When the sunlight hits the solar panel, the electrons in the silicon move and flow through wires（电线）. Using this technology, we can run a calculator and even power cars.
But what happens on cloudy days? The electrons in the silicon will stop moving, which means the electricity can’t flow. But this doesn’t mean that solar energy can only be used on sunny days. People can use the batteries（电池）which are attached to（附着于）solar panels to store the electricity. So the stored electricity can be used to power cars at night or on cloudy days.
Did you know that solar energy is not as expensive as it used to be? In fact, in the last few years, solar panels have become much more affordable for people to use. Since the sun gives off more energy in one second than people have used, imagine what we could do if we used the sun’s energy to power our planet.
22．A magnifying glass can make objects look ________.
A．smaller B．bigger C．more beautiful D．further
23．What does the third paragraph mainly tell us?
A．How to use solar thermal energy.
B．How to power our planet.
C．How to store electricity with batteries.
D．How to turn sunlight into electricity with solar panels.
24．We can use ________ to power cars at night according to the fourth paragraph.
A．thin wafers B．the moonlight C．solar thermal energy D．the stored electricity
25．Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A．Solar panels are made up of silicon. B．Solar energy can be used for heating food.
C．It costs more to use solar energy than before. D．People have used solar energy for thousands of years.
【答案】22．B
23．D
24．D
25．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了太阳是很重要的。人们使用太阳能很多年了。太阳释放出比现在人们使用更多的能量。所以我们应该尽力在我们的生活中找到更多的好方法去使用它。
22．
推理判断题。根据“ If you own a magnifying glass, your parents have probably warned you not to leave it in the sun. Solar energy can actually make the magnifying glass burn objects underneath it causing a fire.”和常识可知，放大镜会使物体变得更大，故选B。
23．
段落大意题。根据“We can also turn the sun’s light into electricity”分析第三段内容可知，本段主要介绍如何利用太阳能电池板将阳光转化为电能。故选D。
24．
细节理解题。根据“People can use the batteries（电池）which are attached to（附着于）solar panels to store the electricity. So the stored electricity can be used to power cars at night or on cloudy days.”可知，人们可以使用附着在太阳能电池板上的电池来储存电力，因此储存的电力可以在夜间或阴天为汽车提供动力。故选D。
25．
推理判断题。根据“Did you know that solar energy is not as expensive as it used to be?”可知，太阳能不像以前那么贵了，C项表述错误。故选C。


（二十五）（2022·山西·中考真题）
Since tea spread from China worldwide, it has become one of the most popular drinks in the world. Different countries have their own tea cultures, like afternoon tea in England.
The tradition of afternoon tea is a very special part of English culture. The custom of drinking tea became popular in England during the 1660s. It was not until the mid-19th century that the idea of “afternoon tea” first appeared.
Afternoon tea is served in the mid-afternoon, between lunch and a late dinner. The idea came from Anna, the seventh Duchess(公爵夫人) of Bedford, in 1840. At the time, many families would eat a late dinner at about 8 p. m., which was one of only two main meals each day, and the other was a mid-morning meal.
With a long time between breakfast and dinner, Anna would become hungry around 4 o’clock in the afternoon. So she asked some tea, bread, butter and cakes to be brought to her room during the late afternoon. This became a habit of hers and she began inviting friends to join her.
Later, Anna continued it, sending cards to her friends asking them to join her for “tea and a walking in the fields”.
Others soon picked up on the idea. By the 1880s, afternoon tea became an event for many ladies. They would be dressed beautifully to be served in the sitting room between four and five o'clock, talking about the latest news, their daily life and fashion.
Today’s afternoon tea is simpler than traditional afternoon tea. It is just a biscuit or small cake and a cup of tea. However, there is one thing that has never changed—the meaning of afternoon tea.
14．When did the idea of “afternoon tea” first appear in England?
A．In the 1660s. B．In the 1880s. C．In the mid-19th century.
15．In the third paragraph, what does the “two main meals” probably refer to(指)?
A．A lunch and a late dinner.
B．A breakfast and a mid-afternoon meal.
C．A mid-morning meal and a late dinner.
16．Why did Anna ask for tea and cakes in the afternoon at first?
A．Because she felt hungry.
B．Because she loved drinking tea.
C．Because she needed to treat friends.
17．What can we infer(推断) from the passage?
A．Afternoon tea has spread all over the world.
B．People used to drink tea more often than now.
C．Afternoon tea gives people a chance to communicate.
18．What is the best title of the passage?
A．Advantages of Drinking Tea
B．Development of Afternoon Tea
C．Different Tea Cultures in the World
【答案】14．C
15．C
16．A
17．C
18．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍下午茶的发展。
14．
细节理解题。根据“It was not until the mid-19th century that the idea of “afternoon tea” first appeared.”可知，直到19世纪中期，“下午茶”的概念才第一次出现。故选C。
15．
推理判断题。根据“At the time, many families would eat a late dinner at about 8 p. m., which was one of only two main meals each day, and the other was a mid-morning meal.”可知，当时，许多家庭在晚上8点左右吃晚饭，这是每天仅有的两顿主餐之一，另一顿是上午的午餐。所以此处two main meals指的就是上午的午餐和晚一点的晚餐，故选C。
16．
细节理解题。根据“Anna would become hungry around 4 o’clock in the afternoon. So she asked some tea, bread, butter and cakes to be brought to her room during the late afternoon.”可知，安娜会在下午4点左右感到饿，于是她让人在下午晚些时候把茶、面包、黄油和蛋糕送到她的房间。故选A。
17．
推理判断题。根据“By the 1880s, afternoon tea became an event for many ladies. They would be dressed beautifully to be served in the sitting room between four and five o'clock, talking about the latest news, their daily life and fashion.”可知，下午茶也是交流的好时间，故选C。
18．
最佳标题题。本文主要向我们介绍下午茶的发展，故选B。


（二十六）（2022·陕西·中考真题）
Do you know the word migrate? It is a word usually used to talk about certain animals such as birds, fish and so on. When animals migrate, they travel a long way from one part of the world to another according to the season. For example, swallows (燕子) migrate south in winter. Many animals migrate—they do this often at the same time and to the same place each year. They move to places where conditions are better—where the weather is warmer, where there is more food and water, or where their young will be safer.
People also migrate. When people migrate, they go to live in another area or country, especially in order to find work. In English, when people leave their home country in order to live in another country, we use the word emigrate instead of migrate. From migrate and emigrate come the words migration and emigration. However, if people move from their home country to another to live there forever (永久地), the word changes from emigrate to immigrate in the English language. Then the word immigration is born.
Isn’t word-making of the English language interesting? And can this process (过程) of finding out the relationships between words and learning them in a group or groups be a way for you to learn the language?
Based on Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English, 6th edition.
28．Which of the following situations can match the main idea of Paragraph 1?
A．Snakes move into holes to sleep in winter.
B．Fish swim to clean waters because of pollution.
C．Birds fly very far away to find food and return to give it to their babies.
D．Monarch butterflies in North America fly south to stay away from the cold.
29．According to the passage, if people ________ , they leave their home country to live in another forever.
A．travel B．migrate C．emigrate D．immigrate
30．The passage is written to ________.
A．introduce migration of animals B．tell readers a way of learning English
C．show how English words change D．explain why people migrate
【答案】28．D
29．D
30．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文由动物迁徙引出了英语的造词，告诉我们找出单词之间的关系并在一个或多个小组中学习它们也可以是学习语言的一种方式。
28．
推理判断题。根据“When animals migrate, they travel a long way from one part of the world to another according to the season”可知当动物迁徙时，它们会根据季节从世界的一个地方长途跋涉到另一个地方，故选项D“北美帝王蝶南飞避寒”符合第一段的主旨。故选D。
29．
细节理解题。根据“if people move from their home country to another to live there forever (永久地), the word changes from emigrate to immigrate in the English language”可知如果人们从他们的祖国搬到另一个国家永远住在那里，这个词在英语中从emigrate变为immigrate。故选D。
30．
主旨大意题。本文由动物迁徙引出了英语的造词，告诉我们找出单词之间的关系并在一个或多个小组中学习它们也可以是学习语言的一种方式。故选B。


（二十七）（2022·四川成都·中考真题）
Most people agree that honesty is a good thing. But does Mother Nature agree? Animals can’t talk, but can they lie with their bodies and behavior? Animal experts may not call it lying, but they do agree that many animals behave dishonestly to fool other animals. Dishonesty often helps them survive（生存）.

Many kinds of birds are very successful at fooling other animals. A bird called the plover sometimes pretends （假装） to be hurt in order to protect its young. When an enemy gets close to its nest, the plover pretends to have a broken wing. The enemy follows the “hurt” adult, leaving the baby birds safe.

Another kind of bird, the scrub jay, buries （埋） its food so it always has something to eat. Scrub jays also steal food. They watch where others bury their food and steal it. But clever scrub jays seem to know when others are watching them. So they get back later, unbury the food, and bury it again somewhere else.

Chimpanzees can also be sneaky. After a fight, the losing chimpanzee will give its hand to the other. When the winning chimpanzee puts out its hand, too, the chimpanzees are friendly again. But an animal expert once saw a losing chimpanzee take the winner’s hand and start fighting again. When chimpanzees find food, it’s natural for them to cry out. Then other chimpanzees come running. But some clever chimpanzees learn to cry very softly when they find food. That way, other chimpanzees don’t hear them, and they don’t need to share the food.
31．Why does the plover pretend to be hurt?
A．To show its friendliness. B．To save its young. C．To catch the enemy.
32．What do clever scrub jays do with their food?
A．They bury the food deep. B．They watch the food. C．They bury the food twice.
33．What will the chimpanzee probably do after crying softly?
A．It will eat all the food it finds.
B．It will share the food with others.
C．It will fight again with the winner.
34．According to Paragraph 4, in which picture can we find a sneaky animal?
A． B． C．
35．What is the best title of the passage?
A．Do animals lie? B．Honesty or dishonesty? C．How do animals protect lives?
【答案】31．B
32．C
33．A
34．C
35．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文科普了一些动物为了生存而撒谎的现象，并举了三个例子进行说明。
31．
细节理解题。根据“A bird called the plover sometimes pretends （假装） to be hurt in order to protect its young.”可知，有一种叫千鸟的鸟有时会假装受伤来保护它的幼鸟，故选B。
32．
细节理解题。根据“But clever scrub jays seem to know when others are watching them. So they get back later, unbury the food, and bury it again somewhere else.”可知，聪明的灌木松鸦似乎知道别人在看它们，所以它们稍后会回来，把食物挖出来，再埋在别的地方。故选C。
33．
细节理解题。根据“But some clever chimpanzees learn to cry very softly when they find food. That way, other chimpanzees don’t hear them, and they don’t need to share the food.”可知，黑猩猩轻轻地叫喊之后，其他黑猩猩听不到声音，它们就不需要分享食物，故选A。
34．
推理判断题。根据“Chimpanzees can also be sneaky...But an animal expert once saw a losing chimpanzee take the winner’s hand and start fighting again.”可知，这里说的是黑猩猩也可能是狡猾的，图片中C中的狐狸与之对应，故选C。
35．
最佳标题题。根据“Animals can’t talk, but can they lie with their bodies and behavior...Dishonesty often helps them survive（生存）.”以及整个文章的理解可知，本文科普了一些动物为了生存而撒谎的现象并举例进行说明，A项“动物说谎吗”最适合做标题，故选A。


（二十八）（2022·四川达州·中考真题）
Do you know anyone born in the Year of the Tiger? What’s their personality like? Are they brave, strong and determined? If so, then they are a typical “tiger”.
In Chinese culture, tigers are seen as the king of all animals. They stand for power, energy and protection. Tigers are seen as fearless animals, so that’s why in China you can see pictures of tigers on the walls of houses and temples to ward off (抵御) danger and disasters.
Tigers have an important cultural meaning not just in China, but across Asia where they live in the wild. For example, in South Korea, the animal is a symbol of justice, humanity and righteousness in local folk tales. Both the 1986 Seoul Asian Games and the 1988 Seoul Summer Olympics used Hodori, a friendly cartoon tiger, as the mascot. A tiger is also on the logo of the South Korea national soccer team.
In the West, tigers are also seen as powerful animals. And we often use “tiger” in English. If we say someone “works like a tiger”, we mean he or she works hard. If you want someone to calm down, you can say to them “easy, tiger”. Another famous phrase is “eye of the tiger”, which means having strength. There are also some other phrases about tigers, such as “a tiger can’t change its stripes”, “paper tiger” and “have a tiger by the tail”.
31．What’s a typical “tiger” like according to the passage?
A．Smart and brave. B．Brave and strong.
C．Strong and outgoing. D．Determined and friendly.
32．Why can people see pictures of tigers on the walls of houses and temples in China?
A．Because tigers live in the wild in Asia.
B．Because tigers are used in English phrases.
C．Because tigers are regarded as fearless animals.
D．Because tigers are used as the mascots both in the Asian Games and in the Olympics.
33．If we want someone to calm down, we can use “_________”.
A．easy, tiger B．work like a tiger C．eye of the tiger D．a tiger can’t change its stripes
34．What’s the best title of the passage?
A．Tigers in different cultures B．Tigers in different phrases
C．Tigers—the king of all animals D．Tigers—the cultural symbol in China
【答案】31．B
32．C
33．A
34．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了老虎在中国以及其它国家的意义。
31．
细节理解题。根据“Are they brave, strong and determined? If so, then they are a typical “tiger”.”可知，典型的“老虎”是勇敢、强壮、有决心的。故选B。
32．
细节理解题。根据“Tigers are seen as fearless animals, so that’s why in China you can see pictures of tigers on the walls of houses and temples to ward off (抵御) danger and disasters.”可知，老虎被视为无所畏惧的动物，这就是为什么在中国，你可以在房屋和寺庙的墙上看到老虎的图片，以抵御危险和灾难。故选C。
33．
细节理解题。根据“If you want someone to calm down, you can say to them “easy, tiger”.”可知，如果你想让某人冷静下来，你可以对他们说“easy, tiger”。故选A。
34．
最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了老虎在中国以及其它国家的意义，选项A“不同文化中的老虎”符合主题，故选A。


（二十九）（2022·四川达州·中考真题）
Over 100 years ago, the future leaders of the Communist Party of China (CPC), including Chen Duxiu, founded the first communist organization in Shanghai. At that time, many young people went to the office of La Jeunesse（《新青年》）magazine -the center of the New Culture Movement- to look for advice on how to save the country and the people. Chen, founder of the magazine and leader of the movement, gave them a warm welcome.
In August 1920, Chen asked Yu Xiusong to start the first Socialist Youth League（SYL,社会主义青年团）. Yu became secretary of the league.
To educate more young people, the league built the institute and offered language courses. As well as learning foreign languages，students would also study The Communist Manifesto（《共产党宣言》）, which paved the way for the birth of the CPC．Its translator Chen Wangdao, then also a professor of Fudan University, delivered lectures.
In the 1920s, revolutionary pioneers including Mao Zedong established SYLs in key cities. The first national congress of the Socialist Youth League of China was held in Guangzhou from May 5 to 10 in 1922, marking its official founding. In 1925, the organization changed its name to the Communist Youth League of China (CYLC).
Almost every year in May, hundreds of teenagers gather at Tuanyida Square in Guangzhou. They take an oath（宣誓）to become members of the CYLC．The square, now a site for patriotic （爱国的）education for young people, is where the CYLC was born.
Now, the CYLC national congress takes place every five years. The latest was held in Beijing in 2018. This year marks the 100th anniversary of the founding of the CYLC．The CYLC was born during the war and got over a lot of difficulties in the past century.
35．Who is the founder of La Jeunesse and leader of the New Culture Movement?
A．Mao Zedong B．Yu Xiusong C．Chen Wangdao D．Chen Duxiu
36．What does the underlined word “established” in Paragraph 4 mean in Chinese?
A．发行 B．认可 C．查实 D．建立
37．What is the right order of the following sentences according to the passage?
a. The latest CYLC national congress was held in Beijing.
b. The Socialist Youth League of China changed its name to the CYLC．
c. Chen Duxiu asked Yu Xiusong to start the first Socialist Youth League.
d. The first national congress of the Socialist Youth League of China was held in Guangzhou.
A．a-d-c-b B．a-b-d-c C．c-d-b-a D．d-b-c-a
38．What’s the main idea of this passage?
A．How the Communist Party of China was founded.
B．How the Communist Youth League of China was founded.
C．How the Communist Youth League paved the way for the birth of the CPC．
D．How the students in the Communist Youth League of China learned foreign languages.
【答案】35．D
36．D
37．C
38．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文讲述中国共青团是如何创立的。
35．
细节理解题。根据第一段“Chen, founder of the magazine and leader of the movement, gave them a warm welcome”可知，陈独秀是《新青年》杂志的创办者和新文化运动的领袖。故选D。
36．
词义猜测题。根据“revolutionary pioneers including Mao Zedong”及“SYLs”可知讲述革命先驱在主要的城市建立社会主义青年团。“established”的含义是“建立”。故选D。
37．
推理判断题。根据第二段“In August 1920, Chen asked Yu Xiusong to start the first Socialist Youth League”可知，陈独秀让俞秀松创办第一个社会主义青年团；根据第四段“The first national congress of the Socialist Youth League of China was held in Guangzhou”可知，第一次共青团全国代表大会在广州举行；根据第四段“In 1925, the organization changed its name to the Communist Youth League of China”可知，社会主义青年团改名字为共青团；根据最后一段“The latest was held in Beijing in 2018”可知，最近的共青团全国代表大会在北京举行。正确的顺序是c-d-b-a。故选C。
38．
主旨大意题。文章主要讲述中国共青团是如何创立的，可归纳为“How the Communist Youth League of China was founded”。故选B。


（三十）（2022·四川达州·中考真题）
Most of us are used to using jet hand dryers (喷射式干手器) in public restrooms. They’re surely very convenient—all we need to do is to hold up our hands for a few seconds until they’re dry. And more importantly, they’re supposed to be hygienic (卫生的).
However, a new study published in the journal Hospital Infection found that jet hand dryers actually spread more dangerous bacteria (细菌) than paper towels.
In the study, two restrooms in each of three different hospitals in the UK, France and Italy were required to provide both jet air dryers and paper towels for people to use. But on certain days, only either the hand dryer or the paper towel dispenser (自动出纸机) was available to use.
The scientists found that when only the hand dryer was available, the amount of bacteria in the restrooms was 27 times higher than on other days.
According to study leader Mark Wilcox, an expert in medical microbiology (微生物学) at Leeds University, UK, air dryers spread harmful bacteria all over the room. This means that if people use these dryers, they’re more likely to pick up bacteria.
At the same time, however, this raises the question of why these bacteria exist in the first place if people are washing their hands after using the restroom.
“The problem starts because some people do not wash their hands properly,” Wilcox told The Telegraph. In other words, poor hand-washing leads to a large amount of bacteria being left on your hands.
39．What did the new study find according to the passage?
A．Using jet hand dryers was very convenient.
B．Jet hand dryers were supposed to be hygienic.
C．Jet hand dryers actually spread more dangerous bacteria than paper towels.
D．Hospitals were required to provide both jet air dryers and paper towels for people to use.
40．How can we stop bacteria according to the last paragraph?
A．By using paper towels. B．By only using jet hand dryers.
C．By not using public restrooms. D．By washing our hands properly.
41．What can we learn from the passage?
A．Washing hands can protect you from danger.
B．Modern technology may cause more problems.
C．It’s common to pick up bacteria in public places.
D．Scientists will find a way to improve hand dryers.
【答案】39．C
40．D
41．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文介绍了在公共卫生间使用喷射式干手器传播更多的危险细菌，这主要原因是人们在上完厕所后不正确的洗手方式导致大量的危险细菌留在人们的手上所致。
39．
细节理解题。根据“The scientists found that when only the hand dryer was available, the amount of bacteria in the restrooms was 27 times higher than on other days.”可知，科学家们发现，当只有烘干机可用时，厕所里的细菌数量是其他日子的27倍。由此推知，喷气式烘手机实际上比纸巾传播更多危险的细菌，故选C。
40．
推理判断题。根据“In other words, poor hand-washing leads to a large amount of bacteria being left on your hands.”可知，洗手不当会导致大量细菌留在手上，所以作者建议正确洗手，故选D。
41．
推理判断题。根据“The scientists found that when only the hand dryer was available, the amount of bacteria in the restrooms was 27 times higher than on other days.”可知，烘干机比纸巾传播更危险的细菌，由此推知，现代技术可能会引起更多的问题。故选B。


（三十一）（2022·四川德阳·中考真题）
Have you ever imagined your simple T-shirt could act as an air conditioner (空调) on those hot summer days? Thanks to a discovery, that possibility is getting closer and the T-shirt may soon be found among your favorite clothing brands.
Two inventors took a completely new method. They designed a special textile (纺织品) that can take in body heat and then send out the energy. This new textile cools both the objects and things around them through a technology. This means that a T-shirt made of this textile looks like a normal T-shirt, but actually it is a device (设备) that works like a mirror.
Although the technology is not new and has been used for years to design plastic films and special paints, its use in the textile industry for the good of wearers is very special and exciting. That is because, in the past, the methods we used to deal with heat through clothes were only the suggestions on wearing light colors and choosing breathable textiles. But even when these suggestions can actually help you feel cool, they are simply not enough in the hottest season. The new textile, however, can reflect all kinds of light, and this can contribute to the cooling process. So this discovery is a real advance.
Right now, researchers still need to test the new method to know how effectively (有效) the new textile works while the wearers are standing or walking, and not directly facing the sky. They also need to test how well it works when T-shirts are not close to the skin. But it’s still a great success.
The two inventors are now looking out for clothing brands that are interested in using their textile. One inventor said, “The new material will increase clothing producing costs by just 10 percent. We can make it with large production. Everybody can afford a T-shirt made of this textile and the cost is basically the same as a normal T-shirt’s. It can do good to everybody.”
27．What can the new textile do?
A．Make wearers feel cool. B．Make wearers fashionable.
C．Get wearers’ health information. D．Test wearers’ body temperatures.
28．What do the underlined words “ contribute to ” mean in Chinese?
A．减缓 B．促进 C．接收 D．扰乱
29．What are the two inventors doing now?
A．Making money by selling the textile. B．Trying to use the textile in other fields.
C．Trying to find out more secrets of the textile. D．Looking for clothing brands to use the textile.
30．What’s the best title (标题) for the text?
A．A Popular Brand B．Two Great Inventors C．A Special Textile D．Lucky Wearers
【答案】27．A
28．B
29．D
30．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文讲述一种新的纺织品，讲述新纺织品可以让人在夏天感觉凉爽。
27．
推理判断题。根据第一段“your simple T-shirt could act as an air conditioner on those hot summer days? Thanks to a discovery, that possibility is getting closer and the T-shirt may soon be found among your favorite clothing brands”及第二段“can take in body heat and then send out the energy”可知，新的纺织品可以吸收身体的热量然后释放。可推断新纺织品可以让穿衣服的人感觉凉爽。故选A。
28．
词义猜测题。根据“The new textile, however, can reflect all kinds of light”及“this discovery is a real advance”可知，这项新的防线是一项进步，讲述的是这种新的纺织品的好的方面，可推断短语“contribute to”表达“促进，有利于”。故选B。
29．
细节理解题。根据最后一段“The two inventors are now looking out for clothing brands that are interested in using their textile”可知，发明者现在正在寻找对使用这种新的纺织品感兴趣的衣服品牌商。故选D。
30．
最佳标题题。文章主要讲述的是一种新的纺织品，标题可概括为“A Special Textile”。故选C。


（三十二）（2022·四川广元·中考真题）
Can you imagine a cloud floating in the middle of your room? Do you want to know what it feels like to fly like a bird? Here, we have picked out four interesting inventions to share with you.
Talking Gloves
Four foreign students have created a pair of gloves, and it helps people to communicate with people who have hearing and speaking problems. The gloves are equipped with sensors (传感器). They recognize sign language and translate it into text on a smartphone. Then the smartphone changes the text to spoken words. Thus you can understand sign language easily.
Google Glasses
Google Glasses are like a computer built into a pair of glasses. Then the glasses allow you to surf the Internet and make calls without even lifting a finger. The glasses also have a camera and GPS mapping system. Users can take and share photos, check maps and surf the Internet just by looking up, down, left and right.
Indoor Clouds
That’s a real world. An artist, Smilde managed to create a small but perfect white cloud in the middle of a room using a fog machine. But it required careful planning — the temperature, humidity (湿度) and lighting all had to be just right. The cloud only lasted for a short while, though.
Wingsuits
The suit realizes your dream of flying like a bird. Well, not exactly flying, but gliding (滑翔) through the air. It increases the surface area of the human body, which makes it easier for people to float in the air. Fliers wearing wingsuits can glide one kilometer in about 30 seconds.
41．What do “Talking Gloves” help people to understand?
A．Spoken words. B．Sign language. C．Written words. D．The text on the smartphone.
42．How can users of “Google Glasses” surf the Internet?
A．By speaking to the glasses. B．By tapping the keyboard.
C．By lifting a finger. D．By moving the eyeballs.
43．How did the artist create a white cloud in the room?
A．With a fog machine. B．With right temperature.
C．With a fog machine and careful planning. D．With a fog machine and right lighting.
44．Which of the following can help you fly?
A．Talking Gloves. B．Wingsuits. C．Google Glasses. D．Indoor Clouds.
45．What’s the best title of the passage?
A．Four Interesting Inventions B．Four Famous Inventions
C．The Advantages of Four Inventions D．Four Dreams of the Future
【答案】41．B
42．D
43．C
44．B
45．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四个有趣的发明。
41．
细节理解题。根据第二段“Thus you can understand sign language easily.”可知，“Talking Gloves”帮助人们去理解手语。故选B。
42．
推理判断题。根据第三段“Users can...surf the Internet just by looking up, down, left and right.”可知，用户只需向上、向下、向左、向右看就可以上网，即通过移动眼球的方式上网。故选D。
43．
细节理解题。根据第四段“An artist, Smilde managed to create a small but perfect white cloud in the middle of a room using a fog machine. But it required careful planning...”可知，艺术家在房间里创造出一朵白云需要：一台造雾机和精心的计划。故选C。
44．
细节理解题。根据最后一段“The suit realizes your dream of flying like a bird.”可知，“Wingsuits”可以帮助你实现像鸟一样飞翔的梦想。故选B。
45．
最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了四个有趣的发明。故选A。


（三十三）（2022·天津·中考真题）
People in the office usually sit for most of the day when they work. But this is bad for a person’s health. When people sit for too long every day, they don’t move very much. So it is easy to start getting fat. Sitting too long is also bad for their work because it makes them want to sleep. When this happens, people may make more mistakes in their work or spend more time finishing their work. Companies need workers to be healthy, so how do they fix the problem?
Some companies have different types of desks to help their workers. The first type of desk is the standing desk. The desk can be taller when a person wants to stand. It can also be shorter when the person wants to sit. Another type of desk is the walking desk. This desk is made so that a person can work while walking at the same time.
Workers in the companies like the different types of desks very much. They think these desks are quite useful.
31．When people in the office work, they usually ________.
A．sit B．move C．run D．sing
32．What does the word “fix” mean in Paragraph 1?
A．Cause. B．Solve. C．Bring. D．Discuss.
33．How many types of desks are mentioned in Paragraph 2?
A．2. B．3. C．4. D．5.
34．What do the workers think of the different types of desks?
A．They are cheap. B．They are traditional. C．They are useful. D．They are expensive.
35．The purpose of the passage is to ________.
A．tell us the reasons for sitting B．show the advantages of standing
C．introduce desks that help people work better D．compare companies that provide different jobs
【答案】31．A
32．B
33．A
34．C
35．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍一些公司使用不同类型的办公桌来帮助他们的员工。
31．
细节理解题。根据“People in the office usually sit for most of the day when they work.”可知，办公室里的人通常在工作的时候大部分时间都坐着。故选A。
32．
词义猜测题。根据“Companies need workers to be healthy, so how do they fix the problem?”可知，公司需要解决问题，此处fix的意思是“解决”，故选B。
33．
细节理解题。根据“The first type...Another type of desk...”可知，提到了两种类型的办公桌，故选A。
34．
细节理解题。根据“They think these desks are quite useful.”可知，员工们认为这些办公桌很有用，故选C。
35．
主旨大意题。根据“Some companies have different types of desks to help their workers.”可知，本文介绍一些公司使用不同类型的办公桌来帮助他们的员工，故选C。


（三十四）（2022·天津·中考真题）
Tea and coffee are two of the most popular drinks in the world. However, people usually like one more than the other. These drinks also have very different uses.
Tea drinking started in China over 4,000 years ago. Tea is made from leaves. These days, some people drink tea for health, using it to help with stress(压力) or losing weight. However, most people in tea-drinking countries think of tea as more than just a healthy drink. In fact, tea drinking in some countries is a part of the culture. In Turkey(土耳其), tea is always there when people meet. Whether in someone’s home or a company, tea is always offered as a way of welcoming. In the UK, homes and offices usually have tea time. Tea and other dishes are served at tea time in the afternoon. It is a way of relaxing with friends or co-workers(同事).
Coffee came much later than tea, just over 1,000 years ago. Coffee is made from beans. Something in the coffee beans makes a person feel active. Most people do not drink coffee to relax. Instead, they drink coffee to get going. Many people drink coffee in the morning to help them wake up. Others will also drink coffee during short breaks in the afternoon to keep going through the working day. Some people may visit coffee shops just to meet and talk with friends. However, many people in coffee shops drink coffee while working on their computers.
Is tea or coffee more common in your country? Between the two, which do you like to drink more?
36．Where did tea drinking start?
A．In Japan. B．In China. C．In Turkey. D．In the UK.
37．We can learn from Paragraph 2 that people in the UK ________.
A．drink tea to get fat B．offer tea to say goodbye
C．think of tea as a bad drink D．have tea to relax themselves
38．What is coffee made from?
A．Leaves. B．Sugar. C．Dishes. D．Beans.
39．Which of the following is NOT true according to Paragraph 3?
A．Coffee came much earlier than tea.
B．Many people drink coffee to wake up.
C．Many people work on their computers in coffee shops.
D．Some people meet and talk with friends in coffee shops.
40．What is the best title of the passage?
A．The Smells of Tea and Coffee B．The Prices of Tea and Coffee
C．The Different Cultures of Tea and Coffee D．The Different Ways of Making Tea and Coffee
【答案】36．B
37．D
38．D
39．A
40．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了茶和咖啡的不同文化。
36．
细节理解题。根据“Tea drinking started in China over 4,000 years ago.”可知，饮茶起源于4000多年前的中国。故选B。
37．
细节理解题。根据“It is a way of relaxing with friends or co-workers(同事).”可知，在英国喝茶是一种和朋友或同事一起放松的方式。故选D。
38．
细节理解题。根据“Coffee is made from beans.”可知，咖啡是由豆子制成的。故选D。
39．
细节理解题。根据“Coffee came much later than tea”可知，咖啡的出现比茶晚得多。故选A。
40．
最佳标题题。根据第一段内容可知，本文主要介绍了茶和咖啡的不同文化。故选C。


（三十五）（2022·云南·中考真题）
We know many musical instruments well, such as pianos, violins, drums and so on. What about the erhu? The erhu is a traditional Chinese instrument. It is the most popular of the huqin family, and it has a long history.
The modern erhu developed from the xiqin, which was played by many ethnic minorities (少数民族) during the Tang Dynasty. In the Song Dynasty, musicians began to use the erhu to perform different kinds of music, and it became quite a popular instrument. With the rise of some forms of folk art, the art of the erhu developed quickly during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. It became an important accompanying (伴奏) instrument in different folk music. At present, it is used in both traditional and modern music, such as in pop, rock and jazz. It has even become a solo (独奏) instrument. One of the most famous musical pieces played on the erhu is Erquan Yingyue.
As the erhu was mainly played by common people and the playing skills were passed down orally (口头地), there are few written records about the erhu that can be found. To study the history and the development of the erhu, historians (历史学者) usually turn to ancient paintings. The earliest pictures of this instrument were found in Yulin Caves and Eastern Thousand Buddha Caves in Gansu Province, where five erhu pictures were discovered on murals (壁画).
26．When did the erhu become a popular instrument?
A．In the Tang Dynasty. B．In the Song Dynasty.
C．In the Ming Dynasty. D．In recent years.
27．To study the history of the erhu, historians usually ________.
A．play the most famous erhu pieces B．listen to different kinds of folk music
C．get help from ancient paintings D．read some books about ethnic minorities
28．Which is TRUE according to the passage?
A．The huqin belongs to the erhu family.
B．Folk art stops the development of the erhu.
C．People can find plenty of written records about the erhu.
D．The erhu is used in both traditional and modern music now.
29．You may read the passage in the ________ section of a newspaper.
A．culture B．business C．health D．nature
30．The passage mainly talks about ________.
A．the forms of folk music B．the history of the erhu
C．the rise of different dynasties D．the development of Chinese instruments
【答案】26．B
27．C
28．D
29．A
30．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了二胡的起源和发展。
26．
细节理解题。根据“In the Song Dynasty, musicians began to use the erhu to perform different kinds of music, and it became quite a popular instrument”可知，到了宋朝，它成为一种相当流行的乐器，故选B。
27．
细节理解题。根据“To study the history and the development of the erhu, historians (历史学者) usually turn to ancient paintings”可知，为了研究二胡的历史和发展，历史学家通常会研究古代绘画，故选C。
28．
推理判断题。根据“t present, it is used in both traditional and modern music”可知，二胡现在在传统音乐和现代音乐中都有使用，D表述正确，故选D。
29．
推理判断题。本文主要介绍了二胡的起源和发展，属于文化类，故选A。
30．
主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了二胡的起源和发展，故选B。


（三十六）（2022·云南·中考真题）
Wukong, Tiangong, Tianwen… Do you know where the names of Chinese space programs come from?
Wukong, the Dark Matter Particle Explorer satellite (暗物质粒子探测卫星), is named after Chinese superhero Monkey King. According to Journey to the West, Monkey King has a pair of sharp eyes which can tell the difference between good and evil. The Wukong satellite is just as sharp-eyed as Monkey King to help scientists search for dark matter in space.
The name of the space station, Tiangong, means “Heavenly Palace”. In Chinese myths, this is the home of Tian Di. Now Tiangong Space Station is a home for Chinese astronauts in space. And China welcomes foreign astronauts to Tiangong so that they can work together.
Tianwen, China’s Mars missions (任务), gets its name from the poem Tianwen by Qu Yuan. Qu Yuan is a well-known poet from ancient China. In Tianwen, he had the questions about the sky, stars, nature, myths and the real world, showing his hunger for truth. Perhaps the Tianwen missions will end up answering some of Qu Yuan’s questions.
If you look into more names of Chinese space programs, you will find that they all have beautiful meanings. We, the Chinese people, have a long-cherished (珍藏已久的) space dream. So the naming of Chinese space programs is taken very seriously.
31．What is the Wukong satellite used for?
A．Answering some of Qu Yuan’s questions.
B．Finding the difference between good and evil.
C．Helping scientists search for dark matter in space.
D．Welcoming foreign astronauts to the space station.
32．The underlined word “myths” in Paragraph 3 means “________” in Chinese.
A．诗歌 B．神话 C．谚语 D．传记
33．The name of China’s Mars missions is from ________.
A．Qu Yuan’s poem Tianwen B．an ancient novel
C．ancient Chinese myths D．Journey to the West
34．Why do we take the naming of Chinese space programs seriously?
A．We want to land on Mars. B．We want to protect the Earth.
C．We have the hunger for truth. D．We have a dream for space.
35．Which can be the best title for the passage?
A．What Beautiful Names B．What a Cherished Star
C．What Excellent Poems D．What a Long Journey
【答案】31．C
32．B
33．A
34．D
35．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了太空项目命名的由来。
31．
细节理解题。根据“The Wukong satellite is just as sharp-eyed as Monkey King to help scientists search for dark matter in space”可知，它用来帮助科学家寻找太空中的暗物质，故选C。
32．
词义猜测题。根据“In Chinese myths, this is the home of Tian Di”可知，天帝是中国的神话传说，所以myths表示“神话”，故选B。
33．
细节理解题。根据“Tianwen, China’s Mars missions (任务), gets its name from the poem Tianwen by Qu Yuan”可知，得名于屈原的《天问》，故选A。
34．
细节理解题。根据“We, the Chinese people, have a long-cherished (珍藏已久的) space dream. So the naming of Chinese space programs is taken very seriously”可知，中国人民有着长久以来的太空梦。 因此，中国太空计划的命名受到了非常认真的对待，故选D。
35．
最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了太空项目命名的由来，A选项“多么优美的名字”符合本文标题，故选A。


（三十七）（2022·浙江湖州·中考真题）
The Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics has already come to an end, and Chinese athletes (运动员) have made great achievements. But how will the stadiums (场馆) be used after the Olympics?
The designers have already considered that question in their designs (设计). The plan is to let the stadiums serve common people and increase their interest in winter sports. Just as one of the designers of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics said, “The stadiums can not only serve professional athletes in the games, but also serve the public after the games. ”
For example, the professional ice race lanes (车道) for athletes are 121 meters high and are not fit for amateurs. So the National Ski and Sleigh Center has kept a special lane for common sport-lovers. The height of the lane is about 40 meters. This can make sure they will stay safe.
The National Ski Jumping Center in Zhangjiakou, Hebei Province will continue being open to the public for skiing in winter and jogging in summer. In fact, people can make use of the stadiums all year round. On the top of the center, people can walk and enjoy the beautiful scenery. There is also a standard football field that can hold 6,000 people. Even concerts and cultural fairs can be held there as well.
Time will tell whether the stadiums can be really made good use of after, the Olympic Games. In China, 300 million people have already taken part in ice and snow sports because of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics. Hopefully, that number will continue to rise with plans like these. After all, snow and ice sports belong not only to talented professional athletes, but also to everyone interested in them.
22．The underlined word “ amateurs ” in Paragraph 3 probably refers to people who ______ .
A．design the stadiums B．compete in the Olympics
C．do sports for enjoyment D．work for the Winter Olympics
23．It can be learned from the passage that ______ .
A．the special ice race lane is 40 meters lower
B．the stadiums will be used two seasons a year
C．the football field in the center can hold 6,000 people
D．300 million people watched the Beijing Winter Olympics
24．The passage mainly tells ______ .
A．why more Olympic stadiums will be built
B．how the Olympic stadiums will be made full use of
C．what will be done to prepare for the Olympic Games
D．how athletes are encouraged to make greater achievements
【答案】22．C
23．C
24．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文介绍了冬奥会之后的一些体育场将如何使用的情况。
22．
词义猜测题。根据“So the National Ski and Sleigh Center has kept a special lane for common sport-lovers. The height of the lane is about 40 meters. This can make sure they will stay safe.”可知，运动员的专业冰上跑道高121米，不适合业余运动员。因此，国家滑雪和雪橇中心为普通运动爱好者保留了一条专用车道。车道的高度约为40米。这可以确保他们的安全。所以单词“amateurs”指的是“业余爱好者”，故选C。
23．
细节理解题。根据“On the top of the center, people can walk and enjoy the beautiful scenery. There is also a standard football field that can hold 6,000 people.”可知，有一个可容纳6000人的标准足球场，故选C。
24．
主旨大意题。根据“The Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics has already come to an end, and Chinese athletes (运动员) have made great achievements. But how will the stadiums (场馆) be used after the Olympics?”及整个文章的理解可知，主要是介绍冬奥会结束后，如何充分利用奥运场馆，故选B。



（三十八）（2022·浙江金华·中考真题）
Many people may wonder what the three Chinese astronauts’ life was like when working in space. In fact, they did many of the things as we do on Earth.
They brush their teeth, wash their hair and go to the bathroom. However, because of the microgravity（失重）environment, they take care of themselves in different ways. They wash their hair by using the norinse shampoo to get it clean because there are no real showers in the spaceship.
Astronauts eat three meals a day: breakfast, lunch and dinner. But how much they eat depends on the astronauts. A small woman astronaut often needs only about 1,900 calories（卡路里）a day, while a large man requires about 3,200 calories. So there are many kinds of foods ready, such as fruits, nuts, chicken, beef and seafood. They can also drink coffee, tea and orange juice.
Astronauts can have much fun, too. They look out of the window, enjoying the wonderful sunsets and sunrises which happen every 45 minutes. Very often, they play with their food or even jokes on their workmates. Believe it or not, astronauts can even spend weekends, when they can watch movies, play music, read books and talk to their families.
After a long day at work, ________. Just like on Earth, an astronaut goes to bed at a certain time, then wakes up and prepares for work again. But there are a few differences. Astronauts have to sleep in sleeping bags in special cabins（柜子）. Generally, astronauts are planned to have eight hours of sleep. Like on Earth, they may wake up in the middle of their sleep to use the toilet. And astronauts also have dreams.
As for Wang Yaping, she had another experience—preparing for lessons for the Chinese students far down on Earth.
23．The passage mainly talks about ________.
A．how astronauts work in space B．what it is like inside a spaceship
C．what kind of people can be astronauts D．astronauts’ daily life in the spaceship
24．From the passage we can learn that astronauts ________.
A．have to take showers every two days B．are not allowed to play jokes in space
C．can have many kinds of foods for their meals D．seldom have dreams when they sleep in space
25．Which of the following can be put in the ________ in Paragraph 5?
A．it is time to make a phone call B．reading is what an astronaut needs
C．listening to music sounds like a good idea D．nothing is better than a good night’s sleep
26．What was Wang Yaping’s special experience in space?
A．Making different kinds of foods. B．Taking care of the other astronauts.
C．Writing a report about space travel. D．Giving a lesson to students on Earth.
【答案】23．D
24．C
25．D
26．D
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了太空中的生活是什么样的。
23．
主旨大意题。根据“Many people may wonder what the three Chinese astronauts’ life was like when working in space”以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了太空中的生活是什么样的。故选D。
24．
细节理解题。根据“So there are many kinds of foods ready”可知宇航员有很多种类的食物可以吃。故选C。
25．
推理判断题。根据“After a long day at work...Just like on Earth, an astronaut goes to bed at a certain time”可知在一天的工作之后，宇航员会去睡觉，选项D“没有什么比睡个好觉更好的了”放空格处更合适。故选D。
26．
细节理解题。根据“she had another experience—preparing for lessons for the Chinese students far down on Earth”可知王亚平的特殊经历是为远在地球上的中国学生备课。故选D。


（三十九）（2022·浙江金华·中考真题）
①Have you ever shown your photos on your favorite social media（媒体）? Or have you expressed your feelings and emotions on your online page? If yes, do you know what you have posted on the social medias can cause problems you could not expect?
②Cathy, who is going to be fifteen, posted online an invitation to her birthday party with her address in it. And guess what! 500 people came to the party, and some even broke the windows and plants, making a total mess of the house. The girl’s birthday party turned into a nightmare（噩梦）.
③Many teenagers（青少年）think they know everything about social media, and that such a thing could never happen to them. Studies show that each year more than three million young people in the world get into trouble because of their online activities.
④So do remember these if you really want to share something online.
⑤Share with care! Not everyone will like what you write online. Think before you post anything. You never know who sees your texts, pictures or videos. Before clicking “post”, you should ask yourself, “How will I feel if my family or teachers see this?” and “How might this post be bad for me in five or ten years from now?”
⑥Be polite when you write! Imagine someone is unfriendly in real life. The same is true of online communication. No one likes it when you “shout” in your messages. If you feel angry or frustrated while you’re writing a message, wait a bit. Read it again later and then send it.
⑦Protect and respect! Never share your passwords with anyone. It’s not wise to post your home or email address online. Don’t say bad things about people. If you get messages like that or see them online, talk to your parents or your teachers.
⑧I’d say none of these things promises 100% online safety, but each will help you to be safer.
27．The writer starts to introduce the topic by ________.
A．telling stories B．giving examples C．asking questions D．sharing experiences
28．The party turned into a nightmare because Cathy ________.
A．made a total mess of the house. B．shared the photos of her house online
C．invited hundrends of people to her party D．posted an invitation with her address online
29．The writer uses the mark “!” in the underlined sentences of Paragraphs 5~7 to ________.
A．draw the readers’ attention B．give orders that readers should follow
C．express the strong feelings of worry D．give the decisions that have been made
30．What does the writer mean by saying the last sentence?
A．You should spend much less time online.
B．It’s necessary to think before you act online.
C．You have to make a promise before you go online.
D．If you want to be safer online, do as the writer suggests.
【答案】27．C
28．D
29．A
30．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文以Cathy为例，介绍了在社交媒体上分享照片的危害，并介绍了如何在分享照片同时保护自己安全的建议。
27．
推理判断题。根据第一段的三个问句可知，作者是通过问问题来引出主题，故选C。
28．
细节理解题。根据“Cathy, who is going to be fifteen, posted online an invitation to her birthday party with her address in it”可知，因为她在社交媒体上发布了这个派对的地址，而导致让这场派对成为了一个噩梦，故选D。
29．
推理判断题。根据“So do remember these if you really want to share something online”及下文介绍的内容可知，以下是介绍了保护自己安全的建议，加这个符号的目的是为了吸引读者的注意，故选A。
30．
推理判断题。根据“I’d say none of these things promises 100% online safety, but each will help you to be safer”可知，作者提供的这些建议会让你更安全，目的是为了让你在社交媒体上发布照片之前要三思而后行，故选B。


（四十）（2022·浙江丽水·中考真题）
If you find a fun and free activity at the weekend, then a Parkrun event is great for you, your family and friends. More than 2.5 million people in about 750 places around the world have run, jogged, walked or used a wheelchair to complete a Parkrun since it started 18 years ago.
Some people treat it like a race, but most enjoy just being outside, getting exercise and having a nice time with others. Parkruns and Junior Parkruns are set up in safe open places such as beaches, fields, forests and parks.
Parkruns happen on a Saturday and there are often special Parkruns on Christmas and New Year’s Day. A Parkrun covers a distance of 5 km and runners must register (注册) once online before going for a run. Registering gives you a barcode(special printed numbers readable by a computer), which means your time is recorded when you do a Parkrun. Parkrun is fun for all ages, but if you are under 11, you must run with an adult.
Junior Parkruns happen on Sundays over a distance of 2 km and you need a registration and a barcode for those, too. You must be aged between 4 and 14 and you don’t have to run with an adult. Although adults can run and support you, they are asked not to run across the finish line. After completing 11, 21, 50 and then 100 Junior Parkruns, you can get a different coloured wristband to mark your achievement.
A teen runner Ralph says, “Junior Parkrun at the park in my neighborhood is a weekly highlight. I love all sports, but I find doing Parkrun every week builds up my fitness and energy. Run, jog or walk—Parkrun is a free, fun and friendly activity. It’s great meeting up with my friends and running the 2 km every week together.”
With the help of an adult, head to tinyurl.com/TWJ- parkrun for information and to find a Parkrun that takes place near you.
19．According to the passage, most people take part in Parkruns to ________.
A．win prizes in the park B．make friends and help others
C．stay with their families D．have fun and take exercise outside
20．Compared to Parkruns, Junior Parkruns ________.
A．welcome more people of all ages
B．cover a much shorter distance
C．are held in safer and opener places
D．need a registration for more barcodes
21．In Paragraph 5, Ralph mainly talks about ________.
A．why he likes Parkruns B．where he does Parkruns
C．who he runs Parkruns with D．when he taken part in Parkruns
22．The writer writes the passage to ________.
A．share the long history of Parkruns
B．encourage teenagers to do Parkruns
C．invite people to compete in Parkruns
D．ask adults to become Parkrur volunteers
【答案】19．D
20．B
21．A
22．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文讲述了公园跑这项运动，介绍它的参赛方式，要求以及获得的乐趣。
19．
细节理解题。根据“Some people treat it like a race, but most enjoy just being outside, getting exercise and having a nice time with others”可知，大部分人参加这项跑步是为了在户外锻炼身体以及获得乐趣，故选D。
20．
细节理解题。根据“A Parkrun covers a distance of 5 km”以及“Junior Parkruns happen on Sundays over a distance of 2 km”可知，初级的公园跑的距离更短一些，故选B。
21．
主旨大意题。根据“I love all sports, but I find doing Parkrun every week builds up my fitness and energy”可知，此段主要是Ralph讲述自己喜欢公园跑的原因，故选A。
22．
主旨大意题。本文是公园跑这项运动的广告信息，介绍了这种运动的好处，目的是为了鼓励青少年参与进来，故选B。


（四十一）（2022·浙江丽水·中考真题）
When you, as a child, first picked up a crayon, a line might have been the first mark you make. You use lines to write numbers, symbols, and the letters of the alphabet. The lines on a map help you find the best route from one place to another. You use lines to draw pictures.
▲ You can see lines in the grain (纹理) of a piece of wood or in the cracks on a sidewalk. You can see lines outside a building or in the field. Lines are used to create words, numbers, and symbols. They are also used to create art. In drawing, line is an element (要素) of art that is the path of a moving point through space.
Artists use lines to lead your eyes through a work of art. They create lines in many ways. A line can be drawn on paper with a pencil or scratched into wet clay with stick. Depending on its direction, a line can express different ideas or feelings. This is why line is an important element in the language of art.
Lines are used to express different images in Chinese calligraphic drawing. The word calligraphy means beautiful handwriting. In China, calligraphy is used to form characters (汉字) that represent the language. However, characters are more than just a letter of the alphabet. They are like pictures. They can represent an idea, an object, or a verbal sound. Calligraphic lines are usually made with brushstrokes that change from thin to thick in one stroke. To make a very thin line, artists use the tip of the brush. As you press on the brush and more of it touches the paper, the line becomes wider. (See the painting on the right, the long, flowing leaves of the orchid [兰花] plant in the rocks are made with one flowing brushstroke. )   
Now practice making calligraphic lines with ink or watercolor paint. Use brushes, both thin and thick, to draw a leaf or a vegetable with lines.
23．The passage mainly talks about ________.
A．lines B．calligraphy C．paintings D．brushstrokes
24．Which of the following can be put in ▲ in Paragraph 2 as a topic sentence?
A．Artists love lines. B．Paintings need lines.
C．Lines are everywhere. D．Lines can do everything.
25．Chinese calligraphic drawing is used as a(n) ________ in the passage.
A．reason B．example C．method D．opinion
26．The passage is most probably taken from a textbook of ________.
A．history B．math C．art D．science
【答案】23．A
24．C
25．B
26．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了线条在艺术和书法上的作用。
23．
主旨大意题。本文主要围绕“线条”来展开描述，故选A。
24．
推理判断题。根据“You can see lines in the grain (纹理) of a piece of wood or in the cracks on a sidewalk. You can see lines outside a building or in the field”可知，线条无处不在，你到处都能看到线条，故选C。
25．
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，文章以中国书法为例，来解释线条表达的不同内容，故选B。
26．
推理判断题。本文主要介绍了线条在艺术和书法上的作用，属于艺术范畴，故选C。


（四十二）（2022·浙江绍兴·中考真题）
During work hours, among the sounds of machines, the kitchen of Bach’s Bakery (面包房) is especially tidy and quiet, not because of any rules against talking during work hours, but because all of the workers have a hearing disability. They are hard-working and professional in their work, and use sign language to communicate with each other from time to time.
Bach’s Bakery lies in Changsha City, Hunan Province. It is run by a German couple, Uwe Brutzer and his wife Dorothee Brutzer, who started it up ten years ago with the purpose of creating more jobs for those disabled in the neighborhood. So far, Bach’s Bakery has trained around 30 hearing disabled people. While some skilled workers found jobs in other bakeries and hotels and have been able to live on their own, several of them have stayed to work at the bakery after they completed the training.
The Brutzers’ work has won the support of many people in China. With the spread of news about the bakery, many Internet users learned about Bach’s Bakery and its inspiring story. As a result, many local people in Changsha as well as visitors from other parts of the country come to buy their products, Uwe said that public attention has encouraged them a lot and helped grow the bakery’s business, resulting in workers getting higher pay. However, what he values more is that, through media (媒体) reports, more people have come to understand that disabled people can work as well as other people when they are given chances.
Now, as they are preparing to return to Germany, they have found a German couple teaching in China as the new managers, and handed over the bakery to a public welfare (福利) organization. Their wish is to continue providing free training for the hearing disabled and that the bakery will never be changed into a shop with moneymaking as its main goal.
19．The workers in Bach’s Bakery use sign language because ________.
A．their boss doesn’t allow them to talk B．machines make too much noise
C．they can’t communicate in spoken words D．heavy work keeps them too busy to speak
20．It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that Bach’s Bakery ________.
A．also offers jobs to people outside Hunan B．helps its workers live independently
C．requires its workers not to leave after training D．has more than 30 workers now
21．In Uwe’s opinion, the greatest value of public attention is that ________.
A．disabled workers are paid more B．his shop becomes more popular
C．the disabled are better understood D．sales of their products get stronger
22．What’s the best title for the passage?
A．A Silent Bakery B．A Special Wish C．The Success of the Disabled D．The Rules of Bach’s Bakery
【答案】19．C
20．B
21．C
22．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了一个员工都是听力障碍者的面包房，它给这些残疾人提供了独立生活的机会。
19．
细节理解题。根据“but because all of the workers have a hearing disability. They are hard-working and professional in their work, and use sign language to communicate with each other from time to time”可知他们用手语交流，因为他们都是听力障碍者，不能用口语交流。故选C。
20．
推理判断题。根据“While some skilled workers found jobs in other bakeries and hotels and have been able to live on their own,”可知一些技术工人在其他面包店和酒店找到了工作并且已经能够自己生活。故选B。
21．
细节理解题。根据“However, what he values more is that, through media (媒体) reports, more people have come to understand that disabled people can work as well as other people when they are given chances”可知他更看重的是，通过媒体的报道让更多的人了解到残疾人在有机会的情况下可以和其他人一样工作。故选C。
22．
最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了一个员工都是听力障碍者的面包房，它给这些残疾人提供了独立生活的机会，以选项A“一个沉默的面包房”为标题更合适。故选A。


（四十三）（2022·浙江绍兴·中考真题）
“I wish I had straight hair”; “I’d like to be taller”. At times, we all want to look a bit more like someone else. However, the pictures we see on TV and social media can give us improper ideas about how our bodies “should” look. The truth is that everybody is different — and that’s a good thing. Accepting and feeling good about our bodies is really important for our self confidence (自信).
Body confidence is when someone accepts and behaves kindly towards their body. That includes our size and shape, skin color, appearance and any physical disabilities. Jade Parnell from the Centre for Appearance Research (CAR), says that having body confidence is “about being accepting of your body and what it does for you”.
If you feel positively (积极地) about your body, you are more likely to take care of it. Research has even shown that you are more likely to take part in activities and perform well in school. However, feeling agitated about your body could make you step back, do less well at school and even feel down. Parnell says that the cost of trying to achieve the “perfect” appearance is high. She says, “If you re spending a lot of time trying to look a certain way, you will have less time to spend with friends and to make important memories.”
It’s important to remember that everybody is different. To develop a positive body image, Parnell says, “Try to talk positively about your own body and other people’s bodies. Try not to pay too much attention to appearance. Instead, think about what your body does for you; do your legs make you run really fast?” She also suggests treating your body well by eating different kinds of foods, exercising to feel good and to have fun, and getting plenty of sleep. Remember that you are more than how you look.
23．The writer thinks that the pictures on TV and social media ________.
A．are perfect for people to follow B．may spread wrong ideas of looks
C．imply everyone is different D．show people how to behave kindly
24．The underlined word “agitated” probably means “________”.
A．scared B．serious C．careless D．worried
25．Parnell will agree that you should ________.
A．accept your body as it is B．avoid talking about others’ bodies
C．spend more money on your appearance D．remember what you used to be like
26．What is the main purpose of the passage?
A．To encourage readers to take more exercise. B．To remind readers not to eat too much food.
C．To lead readers to build up body confidence. D．To advise readers to treat their friends well.
【答案】23．B
24．D
25．A
26．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了我们要积极地看待自己的身体，要有身体自信。
23．
细节理解题。根据“However, the pictures we see on TV and social media can give us improper ideas about how our bodies “should” look”可知我们在电视和社交媒体上看到的图片可能会给我们传递错误的外貌观念。故选B。
24．
词义猜测题。根据“feeling agitated about your body could make you step back, do less well at school and even feel down”可知你会后退，在学校表现不佳，甚至感到沮丧，是因为你担心你的身体，故此处划线部分意为“担心”。故选D。
25．
细节理解题。根据“that having body confidence is “about being accepting of your body and what it does for you”.”可知Parnell认为要接受自己的身体原本的样子。故选A。
26．
主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了我们要积极地看待自己的身体，要有身体自信。故选C。


（四十四）（2022·浙江绍兴·中考真题）
If you look around the room you are in right now, you’ll probably notice a number of electronics. But can you imagine if they all had to be joined together by wires (电线)? Picture the wire snaking along the floor, for example, from your smartphone to your speaker, or connecting your game controller to the computer screen, meaning you could never sit more than a couple of meters away from it. A world of electronics connected by wires wouldn’t just be untidy, but a possible danger, too. That’s where Bluetooth comes in. We’ve all heard of it — but what exactly is it?
Bluetooth is a method of short-distance (短距离) wireless communication between electronics that makes use of the power of radio waves. The idea was first thought of by Dr. Janp Haartsen at Swedish mobile company Ericsson in 1994. Things really stepped up in September 1998 when the Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG) was set up to develop and spread the technology. Bluetooth 1.0 came out in 1999, and a year later it began to be used in mobile phones and desktop computers. Now Bluetooth has become an increasingly popular way of solving the problem of more and more electronics needing to be connected. without having to connect everything together with wires.
But if you look at the remote control (温控器) you use to choose the program on TV, you might rightly ask yourself why Bluetooth was such a big deal. After all, connecting objects with infrared signals (红外信号) which can’t be seen had been done before. The problem with remote controls is that they need to keep what is called “line of sight”. If something is standing between the remote control and receiver, it won’t work. Because Bluetooth uses radio waves, the things standing in the way are no longer a problem.
Since its creation in the late 1990s, the technology has become more and more improved and widely used, with the 4 billionth Bluetooth objects shipped in 2020.
27．How does the writer lead in the topic “Bluetooth” in Paragraph 1?
A．By describing scenes. B．By comparing facts. C．By telling stories. D．By explaining reasons.
28．With the setting up of SIG, Bluetooth ________.
A．started to be used in cars B．made radio waves known to people
C．improved and spread quickly D．was able to connect all electronics
29．From Paragraph 3, we mainly get to know the ________ of Bluetooth.
A．development B．popularity C．standard D．advantage
30．________ will most probably be interested in this text.
A．Phone sellers B．Technology fans C．Newspaper reporters D．History lovers
【答案】27．A
28．C
29．D
30．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了蓝牙的发展过程。
27．
推理判断题。根据“If you look around the room you are in right now, you’ll probably notice a number of electronics...”可知第一段描述了一个由电线连接的电子世界，不仅不整洁，而且也很危险，由此引出了本文的话题——蓝牙，所以作者通过描述一个场景引出话题。故选A。
28．
细节理解题。根据“Things really stepped up in September 1998 when the Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG) was set up to develop and spread the technology”可知蓝牙特别兴趣小组 (SIG) 用以开发和传播该技术。故选C。
29．
主旨大意题。根据“But if you look at the remote control (温控器) you use to choose the program on TV, you might rightly ask yourself why Bluetooth was such a big deal”以及本段内容可知，本段主要介绍了蓝牙的优势。故选D。
30．
推理判断题。本文主要介绍了蓝牙的发展过程，所以科技爱好者会对这篇文章感兴趣。故选B。


（四十五）（2022·四川乐山·中考真题）
Do you think only humans are crazy about electronic products? You are wrong. 12 zoos in the United States and Canada have carried out (实施) a programme called Apps for Apes (大猩猩). It has found that the apes are also interested in playing iPads.
“We find that, similar to people, the apes like touching the screen and watching short videos,” said Richard Zimmerman, a manager of the programme.
The apes in these zoos can play iPads twice a week. Every time, they spend from 15 minutes to half an hour using different apps in iPads. They are most interested in apps for children, such as drawing, music and memory games.
Zimmerman said, “It’s like when we’re showing pop-up books (立体书) to children. The apes are among the most intelligent (智能的) animals, they are as clever as young children.”
The workers in the zoo are also studying how communication apps can help the apes better. “We find that an ape has a toothache. He would be able to touch a picture of a tooth on the iPad and communicate in that way,” said Zimmerman.
The programme wants to make people pay attention to the living problems of apes in the wild. The apes are in danger because people cut down too many forests.
36．How many times can the apes play iPads in a week?
A．Two times. B．Three times. C．Four times.
37．Which of the following apps can make apes most interested in?
A．Working. B．Shopping. C．Painting.
38．What can we learn about apes from the article?
A．Apes can make pop-up books.
B．Apes are as smart as young children.
C．Apes use apps to protect themselves.
39．How does the ape communicate when it has a toothache?
A．By touching the picture. B．By telling the doctor. C．By showing its nose.
40．Where is this article most probably from?
A．A magazine about children. B．A magazine about animals. C．A magazine about hobbies.
【答案】36．A
37．C
38．B
39．A
40．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要讲述了猩猩也对玩iPad感兴趣，通过此次试验，想让人们关注野生猿类的生存问题。
36．
细节理解题。根据“The apes in these zoos can play iPads twice a week.”可知，这些动物园里的猩猩每周可以玩两次iPad。故选A。
37．
细节理解题。根据“They are most interested in apps for children, such as drawing, music and memory games.”可知，他们最感兴趣的是针对儿童的应用程序，如绘画、音乐和记忆游戏。故选C。
38．
细节理解题。根据“The apes are among the most intelligent (智能的) animals, they are as clever as young children.”可知，猿类是最聪明的动物之一，它们和小孩子一样聪明。故选B。
39．
细节理解题。根据“We find that an ape has a toothache. He would be able to touch a picture of a tooth on the iPad and communicate in that way”可知，他可以触摸iPad上的牙齿图片，并通过这种方式进行交流。故选A。
40．
推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，科学家通过实验发现，猩猩也对玩iPad感兴趣，因此文章与动物有关，故选B。


（四十六）（2022·四川泸州·中考真题）
March 21 is World Sleep Day. Here are some facts about sleep.
Sleep at advised times
In 2021, the Ministry of Education（MOE）advised that junior and senior high school students should go to bed before 10 pm and 11 pm respectively（分别的）.
How do astronauts sleep
Just like on Earth, a person in space goes to bed at night and then wakes up the next day. But in space there is no up or down, and you do not feel the pull of gravity（重力）. As a result, astronauts usually sleep in fixed sleeping bags.
Earworms happen while sleeping
Some people enjoy listening to music a lot. While we’re awake, the music we know well keeps ringing in our ears, which is called earworms（耳虫现象）. This can happen during sleep as well, which could cause problems in getting to sleep and staying asleep.
Sleep with your pet
Pets, like dogs and cats, do not sleep continuously and they will often get up and walk on the bed, which can make you sleep even worse.
But recent studies found that having pets in the bed may help people who are often worried. The pets, like soft toys, can help cut down their worry.
Socks can help us sleep
Studies have shown that wearing socks to bed can help you fall asleep faster!
Hands and feet help exchange（交换）heat between the far ends of the body and the heart. Wearing socks means an increase of blood to your hands and feet, which cuts down your core（核心的）body temperature. The lower the core body temperature is, the faster you fall asleep.
41．According to MOE, junior high school students should _________.
A．go to bed before 10 pm B．go to bed before 11 pm
C．sleep at least 10 hours a day D．sleep at least 11 hours a day
42．Why do astronauts sleep in fixed sleeping bags?
A．Because there is no bed in the space station. B．Because there is no pull of gravity in space.
C．Because sleeping bags are comfortable. D．Because the spaceship is too small.
43．According to the passage, earworms can ________.
A．be bad for sleep quality B．improve music ability
C．help people fall asleep quickly D．appear only during the day
44．How does wearing socks help us sleep?
A．By making feet warmer than hands. B．By increasing blood to hands and feet.
C．By making core body temperature higher. D．By exchanging heat between hands and feet.
45．Which of the following statements about sleep is true according to the passage?
A．World Sleep Day falls in the fifth month each year.
B．The sleeping bag is the best choice for sleep.
C．Sleeping with pets helps worried people.
D．Music can help people sleep longer.
【答案】41．A
42．B
43．A
44．B
45．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了关于睡眠的一些事实。
41．
细节理解题。根据“junior and senior high school students should go to bed before 10 pm”可知初中生晚上10点前要睡觉。故选A。
42．
细节理解题。根据“you do not feel the pull of gravity（重力）. As a result, astronauts usually sleep in fixed sleeping bags”可知太空中没有重力，所以宇航员睡在睡袋里。故选B。
43．
细节理解题。根据“This can happen during sleep as well, which could cause problems in getting to sleep and staying asleep”可知耳虫现象会造成睡觉问题，所以对睡眠质量有不好的影响。故选A。
44．
细节理解题。根据“Wearing socks means an increase of blood to your hands and feet”可知穿袜子意味着手脚血液增加，这会降低你的核心体温。故选B。
45．
细节理解题。根据“But recent studies found that having pets in the bed may help people who are often worried”可知和宠物睡觉可能会帮助那些经常担心的人。故选C。


（四十七）（2022·四川泸州·中考真题）
China will have 75 percent of its wild animals on land under the national key protection system by 2025, the National Forestry and Grassland Administration（国家林业和草原局）said. Its announcement took place on Sunday, which happened to be the International Day for Biological Diversity（多样性）.
The administration said that part of China’s achievements in protecting wild animals lie in setting wild animals into nature reserves（保护区）after human breeding（繁殖）. It said that nine milu deer（麋鹿）recently came into the world in the Daqingshan National Nature Reserve in Inner Mongolia. They are babies of the milu deer, or Pere David’s deer, who were set into the wild in September following human breeding in Beijing and Jiangsu province.
According to the administration, human breeding has helped to increase the population of some animal kinds that had before disappeared in the wild, such as milu deer and Przewalski’s horses. There are now around 10,000 milu deer and around 700 Przewalski’s horses. As for other wild populations, the giant panda population has increased from 1,114 in the 1980s to 1,864. The number of wild Asian elephants has increased from about 180 to 300 over the same period.
The administration plans to improve the protection of wild animals—including giant pandas, Siberian tigers, Asian elephants, and snow leopards.
At the same time, the government has made more efforts to punish unlawful trading in wildlife, which also helps with the increase of wild animals.
46．How many kinds of wild animals are mentioned in the passage?
A．5. B．6. C．7. D．8.
47．What was the population of wild Asian elephants in the 1980s?
A．About 120. B．About 180. C．About 700. D．About 1,114.
48．What do we know about milu deer from the passage?
A．Milu deer once disappeared in the wild.
B．Nine milu deer were set into the wild in September.
C．75 percent of milu deer are being protected by the nation.
D．Human breeding plays the biggest part in their population increase.
49．According to the passage, what has China done to protect wild animals?
A．Planting more trees. B．Controlling human breeding.
C．Preventing unlawful selling and buying. D．Setting a national day for biological diversity.
50．What does the passage mainly want to tell us?
A．Human breeding. B．Animal diversity. C．Wildlife protection. D．Endangered animals.
【答案】46．B
47．B
48．A
49．C
50．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了中国加大力度对野生动物的保护，通过人工繁殖来增加濒临灭绝的动物，也加大了对野生动物非法交易的惩罚力度。
46．
细节理解题。根据“milu deer”“Przewalski’s horses”“giant panda”“Asian elephants”“Siberian tigers”以及“snow leopards”可知，一共提到了六种野生动物，故选B。
47．
细节理解题。根据“…in the 1980s to 1,864. The number of wild Asian elephants has increased from about 180 to 300 over the same period.”可知，在20世纪80年代野生亚洲象的数量约是180，故选B。
48．
细节理解题。根据“human breeding has helped to increase the population of some animal kinds that had before disappeared in the wild, such as milu deer and Przewalski’s horses”可知，麋鹿曾经在野外消失，故选A。
49．
细节理解题。根据“At the same time, the government has made more efforts to punish unlawful trading in wildlife, which also helps with the increase of wild animals”可知，政府加大了对野生动物非法交易的惩罚力度，这也有助于野生动物的增加，故选C。
50．
主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了中国通过人工繁殖以及加大对非法买卖的惩罚，来保护野生动物，故选C。


（四十八）（2022·四川眉山·中考真题）
For years, it has been said that newspapers are at death’s door. Each of the past few years has seen many newspapers say goodbye to their readers. But why is the situation so terrible for newspapers?
Newspapers have a long history. The first newspaper was printed in the 1600s. The industry experienced its most successful time in the early 20th century.
With the appearance of radio and TV, however, newspaper circulation（发行量）began to fall. By the mid-20 century, radio and TV had become so popular that people no longer had to depend on newspapers for news. This was especially true for the latest news.
Afternoon newspapers were the first to suffer. More and more people coming home from work turned on the TV, instead of opening a newspaper. But generally, newspapers still managed to survive（生存）. Although they couldn’t compete with TV in spreading the latest news, they could provide in-depth reports that TV news could not.
But newspapers suffered another heavier blow in the 1990s. With the appearance of the Internet, lots of information became free. Many newspaper readers realized that they could conveniently read news online for free. There seemed to be little reason any longer for them to pay for a newspaper.
So what will the future of newspapers be like? Will newspapers die? Maybe not. Many newspapers are now changing. Some are going digital（数字化的）. Some are going even farther by taking the industry to places it has never been to. After all, people still want the news. And many agree that newspapers are important for in-depth news and opinions. If newspapers were to completely disappear, there would be nothing to take their place.
23．When was the first newspaper printed?
A．In the 1600s. B．In the 1900s.
C．In the early 20th century. D．In the mid-20th century.
24．How did newspapers manage to survive against competition from TV?
A．By going digital. B．By working with TV.
C．By including more pictures. D．By focusing on in-depth reports.
25．Newspapers suffered again in the 1990s because ________.
A．people lost interest in reading news B．newspapers became more expensive
C．TV started to focus on in-depth news D．people could read news online for free
26．Which of the following would the writer most likely agree with?
A．The future of newspapers is hopeless. B．The future of newspapers is still uncertain.
C．Many newspapers will die in the near future. D．Afternoon newspapers will become popular again.
【答案】23．A
24．D
25．D
26．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了报纸的历史、兴衰、以及未来趋势。
23．
细节理解题。根据“The first newspaper was printed in the 1600s.”可知，第一份报纸印刷于17世纪。故选A。
24．
细节理解题。根据“Although they couldn’t compete with TV in spreading the latest news, they could provide in-depth reports that TV news could not.”可知，报纸能在电视的竞争中生存下来是因为它们可以提供电视新闻无法提供的深度报道。 故选D。
25．
细节理解题。根据“With the appearance of the Internet, lots of information became free. Many newspaper readers realized that they could conveniently read news online for free. There seemed to be little reason any longer for them to pay for a newspaper.”可知，20世纪90年代，报纸再次受挫，是因为人们可以免费在线阅读新闻，所以人们似乎再也没有理由为报纸付费了。故选D。
26．
推理判断题。根据“So what will the future of newspapers be like? Will newspapers die? Maybe not.”可知，作者认为报纸的未来是不确定的，故选B。


（四十九）（2022·四川眉山·中考真题）
Do you have difficulty falling asleep at night? If so, here is a piece of advice for you: Listen to some soft music.
Scientists have found that soft music can help to improve sleep quality and quantity（量）. This works for sleepers of all ages, and even for those with sleeping problems. Soft music can help us fall asleep better, wake up less during the night and feel more relaxed in the morning. You may not notice the effects（功效）overnight, though. It could take as many as 3 weeks to see any improvements.
Why can soft music help us sleep better? The reasons aren’t clear yet. It may connect with the relaxing effect of a good song. Music can have real physical effects, too. Soft music can lower our heart rate（心率）and slow down our breathing. This prepares us for sleep.
Scientists say that for most people, music that has 70 beats（节拍）per minute（bpm）works best. Classical, jazz and folk music are usually more effective than other musical styles. Familiar songs work well, too. You may need to test to make your own playlists. If you are not sure how many beats a song has in a minute, you can find out by entering its title into songbpm.com. And remember to get volume（音量）right. Make sure that the final piece is gradually slowing down. Or you may be woken up by the sudden silence.
It’s very important to get enough high-quality sleep. Before you go to bed tonight, play some soft music. Then, just prepare to be rocked off to dreamland.
27．It is found that soft music can ________ sleep.
A．help people of all ages B．only help people under the age of 15
C．only help people with sleeping problems D．only help people who are experiencing lots of stress
28．According to the article, it may take as long as ________ before you notice the effects of soft music.
A．3 hours B．3 nights C．3 weeks D．3 months
29．How can we work out how many beats a song has in a minute?
A．By comparing it with a 70-bpm song.
B．By entering the song’s title into songbpm.com.
C．By finding out whether it can help us fall asleep.
D．By counting our heart rates while listening to the song.
30．What is the article mainly about?
A．People with sleeping problems. B．The role of music in our daily lives.
C．How soft music can improve our sleep. D．The importance of getting enough sleep.
【答案】27．A
28．C
29．B
30．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍轻音乐如何改善我们的睡眠。
27．
细节理解题。根据“Scientists have found that soft music can help to improve sleep quality and quantity. This works for sleepers of all ages, and even for those with sleeping problems.”可知，轻音乐可以在睡眠问题上帮助任何年龄段的人，故选A。
28．
细节理解题。根据“It could take as many as 3 weeks to see any improvements.”可知，可能需要3周的时间才能看到任何改善，故选C。
29．
细节理解题。根据“If you are not sure how many beats a song has in a minute, you can find out by entering its title into songbpm.com.”可知，如果你不确定一首歌在一分钟内有多少节拍，你可以在songbpm.com中输入它的标题来找到它。故选B。
30．
主旨大意题。本文主要介绍轻音乐如何改善我们的睡眠，故选C。


（五十）（2022·四川南充·中考真题）
Students attend a science lesson given by astronauts on board China’s Tiangong space station on Wednesday, March 23, 2022. Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu, the members of the Shenzhou XIII, which was launched (发射) on October 16, appear on television screens watched by millions of students across China.
During the 41-minute lesson, the astronauts did four experiments to show physical phenomena(现象) only possible in a weightless environment, such as “liquid crystallization” and “a water bridge”. In one experiment, Wang used a toy of Bing Dwen Dwen, the mascot of the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games, to show how objects fly in Tiangong. They invited the young viewers to do similar experiments to see the differences between space and land environments.
Before closing the lesson, the astronauts answered questions from students. The questions covered the life and work in space, such as how to take care of the skin and whether hot water was available.
Wednesday’s event marked the third time Wang had taken part in a space lesson. In June 2013, she gave the nation’s first space lesson to over 60 million Chinese students in Shenzhou X. It made China the second country, following the United States, to have given a lesson to schoolchildren from space.
In early December, Wang gave the country’s second space lesson from the Tiangong station. The astronauts showed viewers how they lived and worked inside the space station.
“These science lessons can encourage students to explore the world of science and technology.” Shi Yi, a physics teacher, said after today’s activity, “Encouraged by China’s spaceflight achievements, my school has built a space science laboratory and the teachers give lessons about space exploration.”
21．On March 23, 2022, the astronauts finished these tasks EXCEPT ________.
A．answering the questions from students
B．inviting the students to do experiments
C．doing an experiment about “a water bridge”
D．showing how they lived inside the space station
22．When did Wang Yaping give the second lecture in space?
A．In June 2013. B．In October 2021. C．In December 2021. D．In March 2022.
23．Which one of the statements below is an opinion?
A．The astronauts did four experiments during the lesson.
B．Over 60 million students across China attended the lesson.
C．China is the second country to have given a lesson in space.
D．The three science lessons given by astronauts are rather meaningful.
24．What’s the best title for the passage?
A．Astronauts Give Lessons in Space. B．China Launched Shenzhou XIII.
C．The Exploration of Outer Space. D．The Development of Tiangong Space Station.
25．What kind of writing is the passage?
A．A science novel. B．A news report. C．A fairy tale. D．An interview.
【答案】21．D
22．C
23．D
24．A
25．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了中国天宫空间站宇航员给学生上的一次在线课程，宇航员进行了四项实验来给学生展示宇宙飞船中的物理现象。
21．
细节理解题。根据“During the 41-minute lesson...such as “liquid crystallization” and “a water bridge”.”，“They invited the young viewers to do similar experiments to see the differences between space and land environments.”和“Before closing the lesson, the astronauts answered questions from students.”可知，在2022年3月23日，宇航员做了水桥实验，回答了学生的提问和邀请学生做实验，没做的是展示他们如何在空间站里生活。故选D。
22．
推理判断题。根据“March 23, 2022”和“In early December, Wang gave the country’s second space lesson from the Tiangong station.”可知，在2021年12月，王亚平在太空做了第二场讲座，故选C。
23．
推理判断题。分析四个选项可知，ABC三项都在陈述客观事实，选项D“宇航员做的三个科学实验是有意义的”是观点而非事实，故选D。
24．
最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了中国天宫空间站宇航员给学生上的一次在线课程，宇航员进行了四项实验来给学生展示宇宙飞船中的物理现象。故选A“宇航员在太空上课”符合主题，故选A。
25．
推理判断题。本文介绍中国天宫空间站宇航员给学生上的一次在线课程，宇航员进行了四项实验来给学生展示宇宙飞船中的物理现象。推测可能在新闻报道上看到这篇文章，故选B。


（五十一）（2022·四川南充·中考真题）

A tree has roots. People have roots too. If you get to the root of a problem, you will solve it. It’s the same thing with words. Dig deeply into a big, unfamiliar word and you will understand where it came from.
As readers, especially those reading in a second language, we need to deal with the text as if we were detectives (侦探) looking for information to unlock the unknown. Like any good detective arriving on the crime scene, the first thing to do when meeting a new and difficult word is to judge the situation, to look at everything that is known and see if it helps us to understand what it means.
As you know, prefixes (前缀) and suffixes (后缀) can be added to the beginning or end of words to change the meaning. Know them, and you will have the word building power. But root words are the key. Take time to learn a few of these, put them in your memory, and you will become a master word detective.
Let’s look at one common root word used in English. “Alter” from the Latin word means “other”. When you meet this root word, you know that the bigger word has something to do with “other”. Examine the word “alternate”. Can you find the Latin root in it?
·If you and your friend like to eat out, first you pay and the other pays the next time. You are alternating paying.
·If you go to the movies on alternate Saturdays, you go on one Saturday, but not the other Saturday.
·If you have no alternative, you have no other choice.
Learn as many root words as possible in the language you are studying. Then use your “rooting for words” skills. Like any new skill, practice and hard work are always paid back.
26．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A．The situation. B．The crime scene.
C．A new and difficult word. D．Everything that is known.
27．If Jim and Lily go to the movies, which one below is “alternating paying”?
A．They each pay half. B．Jim pays every time.
C．They take turns paying. D．Their parents pay for them.
28．How does the author explain his ideas about root words?
A．By giving a fact. B．By taking an example.
C．By telling a story. D．By having a discussion.
29．“Sen” from the Latin word means “old”. Which word uses this Latin root?
A．My brother is my senior by two years. B．He was ill so he was absent from school.
C．A criminal was sentenced to death by law. D．60 students were present at the sports meeting.
30．Which of the following shows the structure (结构) of the passage?
(①=paragraph 1     ②=paragraph 2,…)
A． B． C． D．
【答案】26．C
27．C
28．B
29．A
30．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍学习语言的一些方法。
26．
推理判断题。根据“the first thing to do when meeting a new and difficult word is to judge the situation, to look at everything that is known and see if it helps us to understand what it means.”可知，当遇到一个新的和困难的单词时，第一件要做的事情是判断情况，查看所有已知的东西，看看它是否有助于我们理解它的意思。此处it指的是“一个新的和困难的单词”，故选C。
27．
推理判断题。根据“If you and your friend like to eat out, first you pay and the other pays the next time. You are alternating paying.”可知，如果你和你的朋友喜欢出去吃饭，你先付钱，下次由对方付钱。“alternating paying”的意思是“轮流付钱”，故选C。
28．
推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，作者通过举例来解释他对词根的看法，故选B。
29．
推理判断题。根据“ ‘Sen’ from the Latin word means ‘old’.”可知，“Sen”来自拉丁语，意思是“老”，结合选项“My brother is my senior by two years.”表示“我哥哥比我大两岁”与之相符，故选A。
30．
篇章结构题。分析文章内容可知，第一段引出主题；第二段介绍处理文本时需要注意的东西；第三、四段介绍前后缀和词根的问题；第五段总结。故选B。


（五十二）（2022·四川遂宁·中考真题）
Have you ever thought of what life is like for old people? Have you ever helped old people who live alone? Can they get help when they need it?
Six students from Beijing 101 Middle School looked deeper at this question and wrote a proposal (提案) to the China Youth Model Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (全国青少年模拟政协活动). They advised to build more old people’s service stations in the neighborhood. They also gave suggestions about how governments, neighborhoods and hospitals can work together to make this happen.
An old people’s service station is different from a nursing home. It offers things like daytime care, cooking, cleaning and friendship to old people who live in their own homes. The students surveyed more than 1,100 people, about 90 percent of them said they would prefer using the stations’ services to moving into a nursing home. However, there are not enough of these stations, and many are not run very well.
The six students came up with a solution after reading more than 60 surveys, interviewing 108 people and visiting 25 different organizations. Their proposal beat out almost 100 others to win the Best Proposal award (奖项) in 2021.
“This experience helps me to better understand the importance of caring old people. Also I see the light and abilities in us,” said Xu Wanqing, one of the students.
“Taking part in the China Youth Model CPPCC has been good for students,” agreed their teacher Li Jie. “They’ve developed a sense of caring old people, as well as gotten more confidence about themselves since they’ve seen how much they can do for others.”
46．How many students wrote the proposal?
A．6. B．25. C．100. D．108.
47．What do most people prefer doing in the survey?
A．Moving into a nursing home. B．Using the old people’s stations’ services.
C．Living alone. D．Helping other old people.
48．________, the six students came up with the solution.
①After reading more than 60 surveys.
②After interviewing 108 people.
③After watching lots of news.
④After visiting 25 different organizations.
A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①②④ D．①③④
49．What does Li Jie think of his students after taking part in the activity?
A．Become more and more confident. B．Better understand the importance of life.
C．Develop a sense of protecting themselves. D．Open their eyes to the world.
50．What’s the purpose of this proposal?
A．To offer cooking. B．To build a nursing home.
C．To win an award. D．To care for old people in a better way.
【答案】46．A
47．B
48．C
49．A
50．D
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了来自北京101中学的6位学生对于关爱老人所做的一系列义举，其中一名学生发表了从这次经历明白了关注老人的重要性。
46．
细节理解题。根据“Six students from Beijing 101 Middle School looked deeper at this question and wrote a proposal (提案) to the China Youth Model Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference”可知，6名学生写了这个提案，故选A。
47．
细节理解题。根据“about 90 percent of them said they would prefer using the stations’ services to moving into a nursing home”可知，约90%的人表示，比起搬进养老院，他们更愿意使用老人站的服务，故选B。
48．
细节理解题。根据“The six students came up with a solution after reading more than 60 surveys, interviewing 108 people and visiting 25 different organizations”可知，这6名学生阅读了60多份调查问卷，采访了108人，访问了25个不同的机构，想出了解决方案，故选C。
49．
细节理解题。根据“as well as gotten more confidence about themselves since they’ve seen how much they can do for others”可知，学生变得越来越自信，故选A。
50．
主旨大意题。根据第一段以及全文的内容可知，本文旨在宣传关注老人的重要性，故选D。


（五十三）（2022·四川自贡·中考真题）
Chinese movies have become one of the favorites among the youth in Malawi. Because lots of Chinese movies are available in the country, many people can now enjoy them in video show halls, homes and through the Internet.
Luis Ndalama, 38, is a businessman who has been doing a videodisc（影碟）business for over 15 years. He told Xinhua Agency his customers have been watching Chinese movies for a long time. However, because they didn’t understand Chinese, many of them used to have difficulties in following the movies. “But with time, we have seen many Chinese movies with subtitles（字幕）, and this helps many of my customers to understand them even better because the Chinese language is new to most of us,” Ndalama said.
In an interview with Xinhua, many young people were able to explain things they learned from movies about China. “It’s always fun watching Chinese movies. At first it was very hard to understand them because everything about them and us was different in terms of language, food, dressing, dances and many other cultural values. But now, there are a lot of things that I know about China through movies. For example, I know about Kung Fu, the Great Wall, food like BiangBiang noodles and many other interesting things about China,” Khama said.
33．Where can the text be found?
A．In a novel. B．In a news story. C．In a history book.
34．What does the underlined word “them” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A．Customers. B．Movies. C．Subtitles.
35．What can we say about the youth in Malawi?
A．They show great interest in Chinese movies.
B．They prefer to do business with Chinese people.
C．They think it difficult to communicate in Chinese.
36．What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A．Chinese movies are popular in the world.
B．More and more people start to study in China.
C．Chinese movies help foreigners learn about Chinese culture.
【答案】33．B
34．B
35．A
36．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了中国电影在马拉维很受当地人民的喜爱。
33．
推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了中国电影在马拉维很受当地人民的喜爱，结合文中“He told Xinhua Agency...”可以判断文章最可能是一篇新闻报道。故选B。
34．
推理判断题。根据“we have seen many Chinese movies with subtitles（字幕）, and this helps many of my customers to understand them even better”可知很多带字幕的中国电影有助于更好地理解中国电影，故划线部分指代“中国电影”。故选B。
35．
细节理解题。根据“Chinese movies have become one of the favorites among the youth in Malawi”可知中国电影成为马拉维年轻人的最爱之一。故选A。
36．
主旨大意题。根据“But now, there are a lot of things that I know about China through movies”以及本段内容可知本段主要介绍了中国电影有助于外国人更好地了解中国文化。故选C。


（五十四）（2022·四川自贡·中考真题）
The careful use of lecture videos could help people study more efficiently（高效地）, say researchers at the University of California, Los Angeles （UCLA）.
According to a new study, watching lecture videos at twice the normal speed has almost no bad effect on learning. Even better, watching lecture videos at an increased speed more than once may even lead to improved learning and higher test scores compared to watching once at normal speed.
The study, done by UCLA’s Department of Psychology, put students into groups and asked them to watch lecture videos at different speeds without taking notes. The students then took tests based on the video content.
The test results showed little difference in scores between students who watched the videos at normal speed and those who watched at up to double speed—meaning students could halve（减半）their study time with little effect on learning.
But students shouldn’t speed up too much—because students who watched the videos at two-and-a-half times the normal speed had lower test results.
It was also found that watching the videos twice at double speed—both one week before the test and again immediately before it—produced higher test scores compared to students who watched the videos just once at normal speed.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, many countries have used some types of remote（远程的）learning, including video lessons. And while students and teachers have worried about the effects of remote learning, the UCLA study suggests that, if used the right way, video lectures could actually help make studying more efficient.
37．What may happen if we watch lecture videos at an increased speed more than once?
A．It may improve learning.
B．It may improve reading skills.
C．It may lead to the best test result.
38．What were the students asked to do before taking tests?
A．Discuss the video content.
B．Watch videos at different speeds.
C．Take notes while watching videos.
39．What can we learn about remote learning?
A．It helps develop learning habits.
B．It increases the speed of teaching.
C．It makes learning better if rightly used.
40．What’s the best title for the text?
A．Watching Videos Is a Good Way of Learning
B．Watching Videos Helps Get High Test Scores
C．Watching Videos at Double Speed Could Help Learning
【答案】37．A
38．B
39．C
40．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了视频讲座对学习的帮助，并且对比了提高速度观看甚至可以提高学习效率和考试成绩。
37．
细节理解题。根据“Even better, watching lecture videos at an increased speed more than once may even lead to improved learning and higher test scores compared to watching once at normal speed”可知，用提高的速度看一次以上的授课视频甚至可以提高学习效率和考试成绩，故选A。
38．
细节理解题。根据“asked them to watch lecture videos at different speeds without taking notes”可知，考试之前被要求以不同的速度观看视频，故选B。
39．
细节理解题。根据“And while students and teachers have worried about the effects of remote learning, the UCLA study suggests that, if used the right way, video lectures could actually help make studying more efficient”可知，如果使用正确的方式，远程学习实际上可以帮助提高学习效率，故选C。
40．
最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了视频讲座对学习的帮助，并且对比了提高速度观看甚至可以提高学习效率和考试成绩，所以最适合本文的标题是“以双倍的速度看视频有助于学习”，故选C。


（五十五）（2022·浙江温州·中考真题）
“Motasharefon bema’ refatek!” is often heard in Arabs’ daily talks. This greeting in the language Arabic means “Nice to meet you!” You may find Arabic difficult to understand, but the following facts can offer you some basics.

Arabic is s language of over twenty countries across the Middle East and North Africa, It’s also one of the six official languages of the UN. Now about 400 million people worldwide speak Arabic.
Arabic has different varieties. One of them is Modern Standard Arabic. It is taught at schools in all Arabic-speaking countries and used formally over media. Colloquial Arabic is another variety which people in the Arab world usually use in their everyday life.
Arabic is written from right to left in a beautiful and flowing script. Written Arabic is formed from eighteen different curves with dots () above or below. The curve () with one dot below is pronounced /b/, two on top is /t/, and three on top is /th/, while the curve () with two dots below is pronounced /y/.
A main feature of Arable is the throe letter root system. Almost every Arabic word is based on a root of three letters. If you take a root and add other letters to it, you can create many words related to the meaning of that root. For example, “k-t-b” is a common root in Arabic. Some words from that root are kitaab (“book”) and maktaba (“library”).
There are more facts about Arabic for you to explore. You’ll find that learning about it helps open up door to a different culture and provides a new way of thinking about the world.
29．How many varieties of Arabic are mentioned in the passage?
A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.
30．According to the passage, which of the following is pronounced /b/ in Arabic?
A． B． C． D．
31．What does the underlined root “k-t-b” in Paragraph 5 most probably mean?
A．Cooking. B．Singing. C．Writing. D．Swimming.
32．Why does the author write this passage?
A．To introduce the language Arabic.
B．To tell stories from Arab countries.
C．To encourage people to visit Arab countries.
D．To advise people to protect the language Arabic.
【答案】29．A
30．B
31．C
32．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了一些与阿拉伯语有关的事实，介绍了它的种类，它的书写方式，以及发音规律等等。
29．
细节理解题。根据“One of them is Modern Standard Arabic”及“Colloquial Arabic is another variety”可知，一共提到了两种，故选A。
30．
细节理解题。根据“The curve () with one dot below is pronounced /b/”可知，下面有一个点的曲线发音为/b/，故选B。
31．
词义猜测题。根据“For example, “k-t-b” is a common root in Arabic. Some words from that root are kitaab (“book”) and maktaba (“library”).”可知，“k-t-b”是一个常见的词根，“书”和“图书馆”都是跟它有关，由此可推断它跟写作读书有关，故选C。
32．
主旨大意题。根据“You may find Arabic difficult to understand, but the following facts can offer you some basics.”及文章内容可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是为了向读者介绍阿拉伯语，故选A。


（五十六）（2022·浙江温州·中考真题）
Scientists are looking for ways that we can effectively use the light and heat from the sun. One idea that has caught their imagination is solar roads. They are expected to produce clean and renewable energy.
With solar panels on the surfaces, solar roads cost more than traditional roads. However, besides the functions of traditional roods, they have the panels to receive sunlight and change it into the energy to supply power to homes, factories and street lighting. There are four layers in a solar panel:

•Base layer: It is made of insulation material and forms a good grip with the road below this layer.
•Middle layer: This is the most important layer. It holds all kinds of power lines connecting all the solar parts in the panel, like LED lights and the heating system.
•Top layer: This layer is super-strong glass. It allows the panel to hold the weight of the heaviest vehicles.
•Capping: This is the topmost layer used to offer extra protection to the solar parts in the panel. The layer must be rough enough to provide the traction for the safety of vehicles.
With the smart design, solar roads can successfully charge the vehicles on them. And the roads have inbuilt LED lights to replace the traditional rood signs and lines, which are usually painted and harmful to humans. What’s more, the heating systems in the solar roads can take care of the snow and ice on the roads for drivers.
Test solar roads have been built in several countries (France, China, USA, etc.) since 2014. The first word solar road project, Metrics of Watt Way in France, was set up by a French company called Construction Colas. It was an example of low effectiveness. In the first year, it had been expected to produce around 767 kWh of energy a day, but it only produced 409 kWh. Even so, the production could increase with design improvements. Of course, more time is needed before this technology is put into use.
Solar roads may not be widely used in the near future, but they are indeed great for an environment-friendly and energy-saving world.
33．Solar roads ________.
A．offer power to homes B．get energy from factories
C．keep the sunlight away D．cost less than traditional roods
34．Which of the following about the layers of a solar panel is TRUE according to the passage?
A．The base layer is the most important layer.
B．There are many power lines in the middle layer.
C．The top layer lies on the top of the solar panel.
D．The capping should be smooth enough for drivers.
35．The first world solar road project ________.
A．was set up in China in 2014 B．showed high effectiveness as expected
C．was started by a US company D．could get better with design improvements
36．What is the best title for the passage?
A．Solar Roads: A Widely Used Invention
B．Solar Roads: A Safety Guard for Drivers
C．Solar Roads: A New Idea for Clean Energy
D．Solar Roads: A Way to Produce LED Lights
【答案】33．A
34．B
35．D
36．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了太阳能公路的原理以及其作用。
33．
细节理解题。根据“they have the panels to receive sunlight and change it into the energy to supply power to homes, factories and street lighting”可知，它们用太阳能板接收阳光，并将其转化为能源，为家庭、工厂和街道照明提供电力，故选A。
34．
推理判断题。根据“It holds all kinds of power lines connecting all the solar parts in the panel”可知，中间层容纳了连接面板中所有太阳能部件的各种电源线，故选B。
35．
推理判断题。根据“Even so, the production could increase with design improvements”可知，随着设计的改进，世界首个太阳能公路项目可能会变得更好，故选D。
36．
最佳标题题。根据“Scientists are looking for ways that we can effectively use the light and heat from the sun. One idea that has caught their imagination is solar roads. They are expected to produce clean and renewable energy.”可知，本文主要介绍了一种可以产生干净的，可再生的能源——太阳能公路，故选C。


（五十七）（2022·重庆A卷·中考真题）

When Xiong Chuanfa, 34, blows a lifelike tiger out of sugar in just minutes, kids look at him in surprise thinking he is a magician.
Xiong has been blowing sugar figurines (吹糖人) for over twenty years. Blowing sugar figurines is a Chinese traditional folk (民间) art with a history of over 600 years and has been listed as a state-level intangible cultural heritage.
Every morning, Xiong prepares the sugar and drives to different markets in Nanchang to start his magic show.
He heats (加热) the sugar, pulls off a little to make a ball and blows it into different shapes — a rabbit, a monkey, and even Bing Dwen Dwen, the mascot of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics.
People, especially little kids, are interested in his skills. ________, he also stops by colleges.
Many college students have been drawn to the art, waiting in line for hands-on experience. Among them, Simon, a foreign student, couldn’t help having a try. Though it looked easy, he found it difficult to make it. Thanks to Xiong’s help. Simon finally saw a horse slowly taking shape.
Simon was deeply moved after learning about the art. “I just can’t believe the traditional folk art can be kept so well here. I love it. Chinese culture should be spread around the world,” he said.
This art has been passed down for four generations (代) in Xiong’s family. His 6-year-old son often blows sugar balloons, just like what he used to do as a child.
“We will pass on the intangible heritage,” said Xiong.
28．From the passage we can learn that Xiong Chuanfa is ________.
A．26 years old B．34 years old C．a bus driver D．a foreign magician
29．Which of the following can be put in the ________?
A．To draw young people closer to the art B．To help young people learn drawing skills
C．To teach little kids the skills of drawing D．To make little kids more interested in the art
30．According to the passage, we can infer (推断) that Simon will most probably ________.
A．stay in China to blow sugar horses B．offer Xiong a helping hand in class
C．learn more about Chinese culture D．blosy perfect sugar figurines next time
31．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A．Xiong and His Folk Art of Sweet Blows B．A Magic Folk Art and Chinese Culture
C．Xiong’s Family and Sugar Figurine Skills D．A Guide and the Intangible Heritages
【答案】28．B
29．A
30．C
31．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了吹糖人这种传统艺术，讲述了传承人熊川发吹糖人的过程，并因此技能吸引了许多大学生，他希望自己能将这种传统文化继续传承下去。
28．
细节理解题。根据“When Xiong Chuanfa, 34, blows a lifelike tiger out of sugar in just minutes”可知，他今年34岁，故选B。
29．
推理判断题。根据“People, especially little kids, are interested in his skills”及“he also stops by colleges”可知，在大学表演这种艺术是为了吸引年轻人接近这种传统艺术，故选A。
30．
推理判断题。根据“I love it. Chinese culture should be spread around the world”可知，他认为传统文化应该广为传播，所以他最可能要更多了解中国文化，故选C。
31．
最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了吹糖人这种传统艺术，讲述了传承人熊川发吹糖人的过程，所以A选项符合本文标题，故选A。


（五十八）（2022·重庆A卷·中考真题）
We all have those moments when bright ideas hit us, but not everyone can develop such moments into the fruits of creative thinking. While we believe creative thinking is the falling apple of Isaac Newton, one of the greatest scientists, we seldom notice that creative thinking is in fact a process (过程).
Let’s look at what happened in 1666.
Sitting in the garden, Newton watched an apple fall from a tree. He began to wonder if the same force that pulled the apple down also kept the moon circling the earth. Newton believed it did. He called it “gravity (重力)”.
This story has become one of the most popular examples of “eureka” moments. But when we cheer for the great discovery, the whole process of creative thinking shouldn’t be forgotten.
Newton studied mathematics for long to have a better understanding of the world. He always enjoyed finding new ways to solve problems. The falling apple was only the fruit of years of hard work before. It also started the train of thought that continued for the next twenty years.
Newton began to examine “gravity” carefully. He experimented (实验). Then he studied the results and used what he had learned to do new experiments. In 1687, the greatest scientific work ever written came out.
The whole process of creative thinking works the same in our life.
In school, we prepare ourselves for the right moment. Once the moment comes, we catch it and then keep on working in the years to come. It takes much to get the fruits of creative thinking, but the sweetest fruits will be ready for those who wait the longest.
32．You may read the passage in a ________.
A．notice B．picture C．magazine D．dictionary
33．The underlined word “eureka” in Paragraph (段落) 4 probably means “________”.
A．I’ve got it B．I give up C．I’ve no idea D．I believe it
34．The writer mainly develops his idea by ________.
A．raising questions B．giving examples
C．listing numbers D．explaining differences
35．The creative thinking process for Newton follows the order of ________.
a. He caught the right moment.   b. He did experiments over and over.
c. He saw an apple fall from a tree.   d. He studied mathematics for long.
A．a-c-d-b B．b-a-c-d C．a-b-c-d D．d-c-a-b
【答案】32．C
33．A
34．B
35．D
【解析】
【导语】
本文以牛顿的故事为例告诉我们创造性思维实际是一个过程。
32．
推理判断题。本文以牛顿的故事为例告诉我们创造性思维实际是一个过程。有可能在杂志中读到。故选C。

33．
词义猜测题。根据“But when we cheer for the great discovery, the whole process of creative thinking shouldn’t be forgotten.”及“This story has become one of the most popular examples”可知此处表示牛顿发现“重力”的事情是一个重大发现的例子，eureka意为“（欢呼）找到了；有了”，即“I’ve got it”。故选A。
34．
篇章结构题。根据“While we believe creative thinking is the falling apple of Isaac Newton, one of the greatest scientists, we seldom notice that creative thinking is in fact a process.”及文中就牛顿的事例作出的讨论，可知作者主要通过举例子来阐述他的思想。故选B。
35．
排序题。根据“Newton studied mathematics for long to have a better understanding of the world. ... The falling apple was only the fruit of years of hard work before. It also started the train of thought that continued for the next twenty years. ... He experimented.”可知牛顿学了很久数学（d），之后他看见一个苹果从树上掉下来（c），他抓住了这个时刻（a）并反复做实验（b），正确的排序是d-c-a-b。故选D。


（五十九）（2022·重庆A卷·中考真题）
①Since the first man looked up at the flying birds, countless successes have been achieved on the way up to the sky. From the stones thrown into the air to airships of all kinds, pioneers of humans never failed to let their imagination run wild.
②Stories of pioneers go back to centuries ago.
③Kite flying in China dates back to the 5th century BC and is thought to be the earliest example of man-made flight.
④From the 3rd century BC, the sky lantern (灯笼) was known in China. Many people believe that it was invented by Zhuge Liang in the war. Some say he wrote a message on a sky lantern for help, while others believe sky lanterns were used to drive the enemies away.
⑤Whichever is true, humans have never stopped, and they never will. In modem times, new fields are being explored (探索).
⑥In 1993, the world’s largest hot air airship was built. The AS-300 carried an underslung raft (悬挂式木筏). It allowed a team of French scientists to carry out their treetop researches without too much harm to the rain forest.
⑦On May 15, 2022, Chinese scientists sent up the latest model of “Jimu No.1”, China’s self-developed airship, to collect weather information on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.
⑧The airship would work at a world-record altitude (海拔) of 9,032 meters. It was the first time an airship of its size had reached this height, even higher than that of the 8,849-meter-tall Mount Qomolangma, the highest mountain in the world.
36．According to the passage, we learn ________.
A．Zhuge Liang was believed to invent kites
B．sky lanterns were used just for fun in China
C．kite flying in China dates back to the 5th century BC
D．sky lanterns were known in China before the 3th century BC
37．Both the AS-300 and the latest model of “Jimu No.1” are airships which ________.
A．were harmful to the forest B．broke a world record each
C．reached the highest mountain D．helped with treetop researches
38．The writer’s main purpose in writing the passage is to ________.
A．share humorous stories about the pioneers B．show how excellent ancient people were
C．encourage us to learn more about imagination D．praise the never-ending exploration into the sky
39．The structure (结构) of the passage is ________.
A． B．
C． D．
【答案】36．C
37．B
38．D
39．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了人类从古至今永不停止地探索天空。
36．
细节理解题。根据“Kite flying in China dates back to the 5th century BC”可知中国放风筝可以追溯到公元前5世纪。故选C。
37．
细节理解题。根据“In 1993, the world’s largest hot air airship was built”以及“Chinese scientists sent up the latest model”可知AS-300是最大的热气球，极目一号是最新的飞艇，所以它们各自打破了世界纪录。故选B。
38．
主旨大意题。根据“humans have never stopped, and they never will”以及本文内容可知本文主要介绍了人类从古至今永不停止地探索天空，故作者写这篇文章是为了赞扬这种精神。故选D。
39．
篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段引入了话题；第二段和第五段分别引入了古代和现代对天空的探索，第三段和第四段描述的是古代人对天空的探索，第六段描述现代前期的探索；第七段和第八段是最近的探索。故选项A符合本文的结构。故选A。


（六十）（2022·重庆B卷·中考真题）
Orangutans
     Orangutans are nature lovers. They like hanging out in the tree. They spend 95% of their time up there in the tree. They sleep and eat in their nests(巢). The nests are big enough for even a 10-year-old kid to play in.
Pigs
     Pigs may not look so cute when they find mud(泥) holes. They like playing in the mud -it is like their natural playground. And when it is hot, they stay in the mud to cool themselves. They don’t care how dirty they get.
Sea turtles
     Sea turtle eggs are like ping-pong balls. After baby turtles break out of the eggs they get themselves out of the sand and hurry to leave the beach for the sea. They swim for 24 hours in the sea to stay away from danger.
24．In which part of a newspaper can you probably read the passages?
A．Sports. B．Health. C．Nature. D．News.
25．Orangutans like hanging out ________.
A．in the tree B．on the beach C．in the sea D．in the mud
26．On hot days, pigs like to play in the mud to ________.
A．look for food B．lean skills C．fall asleep D．cool themselves
27．Which of the following is true according to the passages?
A．Sea turtles have eggs like soccer balls.
B．Baby sea turtles are good swimmers.
C．Sea turtles lay their eggs in the sea.
D．Baby sea turtles are safe on the beach.
【答案】24．C
25．A
26．D
27．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了3种动物。
24．
推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，主要介绍了3种动物，因此可以在报纸上“大自然”部分看见；故选C。
25．
细节理解题。根据“They like hanging out in the tree.”可知，喜欢在树上闲逛；故选A。
26．
细节理解题。根据“And when it is hot, they stay in the mud to cool themselves”可知，猪待在泥里是为了凉快。故选D。
27．
推理判断题。根据“They swim for 24 hours in the sea to stay away from danger.”可知，小海龟可以游24小时，推出它们是好的游泳者；故选B。


（六十一）（2022·重庆B卷·中考真题）
Free time is a good chance for teenagers to have fun. What about free time with parents around? Some teenagers want free play without parents’ supervision(监管) while parents and experts(专家) may think differently.
Lin Tao, a middle school student, thinks teenagers should be free to play. “Last time I played with my parents around, I was nervous and just couldn’t enjoy myself to the fullest,” Lin says. “And my friend Chen Xiaoxin has similar experiences. Once, he went out to play with his classmates. Everyone felt uncomfortable with his mother’s supervision.”
Wang Min, a mother of a 14-year-old boy, thinks playtime needs supervision. She explains, “People usually say I like to control my kid, but that’s not true. I am just worried that he will get into trouble. Some guys may have a bad influence on him and some games like LARP(剧本杀) may mislead him. He might even get indulged in the stories and can’t get back to real life.
Mr. Ma, a doctor of social studies, says it’s understandable for teenagers to wish for freedom. Free play helps them to be independent. Parents can give them more space. They don’t have to supervise them all the time. However, teenagers should find out the exact details(细节) about the activities before playtime. Then they can communicate with their parents and decide together whether they can go out to play alone.
28．According to the passage, free time is a good chance for teenagers to ________.
A．study hard B．have fun C．get into trouble D．mislead parents
29．Lin Tao supports his own idea by ________.
A．listing numbers B．raising questions C．comparing facts D．giving examples
30．The underlined words “get indulged in” in Para.(段落)3 probably mean ________.
A．get lost in B．get interested in C．be tired of D．be proud of
31．According to the passage, which of the following may Mr. Ma support?
A．He Kai’s parents are around every time he plays with his friends.
B．Feng Zhongfan’s parents never ask him about whom he plays with.
C．Liu Xiang goes out without knowing anything about the activities.
D．Xie Hao talks to his parents about the exact details before playtime.
【答案】28．B
29．D
30．A
31．D
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文，就青少年空闲时间是否需要家长监督进行讨论，给出了几个学生的看法以及专家的建议。
28．
细节理解题。根据“Free time is a good chance for teenagers to have fun.”可知，空闲时间是青少年玩乐的好机会。故选B。

29．
推理判断题。分析第二段内容可知，林涛用自己和同学的例子支持自己的观点，故选D。
30．
词句猜测题。分析“Some guys may have a bad influence on him and some games like LARP(剧本杀) may mislead him. He might even get indulged in the stories and can’t get back to real life.”可知，有些人可能对他有不良影响，比如剧本杀，可能会让孩子们无法回到现实生活中，所以此处 get indulged in的意思是“沉迷，迷失”，故选A。
31．
推理判断题。根据“However, teenagers should find out the exact details(细节) about the activities before playtime. Then they can communicate with their parents and decide together whether they can go out to play alone.”可知，马博士认为青少年应该在游戏前弄清活动的具体细节，然后他们可以和父母交流，一起决定他们是否可以单独出去玩。选项D“谢浩在游戏前会和父母谈论游戏的具体细节”符合，故选D。


（六十二）（2022·重庆B卷·中考真题）
①On January 4, the China National Traditional Orchestra(中央民族乐团) played some well-known traditional music in their concert. Audiences(观众) enjoyed the beautiful sounds guzheng, the powerful tunes of suona, the tearful notes of erhu and so on. Each traditional Chinese musical instrument tells its own story.
②“I’ve fallen in love with the sounds of traditional instruments, especially pipa, a four-stringed(弦) instrument with a history of more than 2,000 years. It can produce different sounds, such as the sounds of falling snow and raindrops. Every time I listen to a pipa tune, I have a strong feeling of peace,” said Yang Tian, an audience of the concert.
③However, a recent report suggests. ________ To wake up people’s love for traditional music, something creative has been done.
④In some traditional music concerts, VR(虚拟现实) technology is used to bring the star sky or the beautiful sandy view of Dunhuang to the music hall. It makes the experience like watching a 3D movie.
⑤Li Xiaobing, a music teacher from Beijing, mixes traditional folk(民间) singing, opera and Chinese instruments through technology. People are surprised at his works and they love them!
⑥Some musicians try to add something new to traditional music. They bring modern music like pop and rap into traditional music. When the east meets the west, the new form of mus wins the hearts of both the old and the young.
⑦Traditional music shows the beauty of our culture, and with some creativity, great things happen.
32．Which of the following can be put in the ________?
A．pipa can not produce the sound of falling snow
B．traditional music is much better than modern music
C．the number of traditional music listeners is dropping
D．more young people show interest in traditional music
33．To wake up people’s love for traditional music, Li Xiao bing ________.
A．tells many tearful stories B．makes good 3D movies
C．mixes traditional music D．sings pop and rap songs
34．The structure(结构) of the passage is ________.
A． B．
C． D．
35．According to the passage, the writer believes ________.
A．traditional music should only be played in concerts
B．the ways to play traditional music must be changed
C．traditional music must remain unchanged all the time
D．traditional music with creativity will be more popular
【答案】32．C
33．C
34．B
35．D
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍中国传统音乐的美。
32．
推理判断题。根据“However, a recent report suggests.”可知，此处应介绍研究的结果，结合后句“To wake up people’s love for traditional music, something creative has been done.”可知，为了唤醒人们对传统音乐的热爱，人们做了一些创造性的事情，所以空处应表示人们对于传统音乐的关注和喜爱程度有所下降，选项C“传统音乐听众的数量正在下降”符合语境，故选C。
33．
细节理解题。根据“Li Xiaobing, a music teacher from Beijing, mixes traditional folk singing, opera and Chinese instruments through technology.”可知，来自北京的音乐教师Li Xiaobing通过技术将传统民歌、戏曲和中国乐器融合在一起。故选C。
34．
篇章结构题。第一、二段介绍中国传统音乐的美以及一位喜欢传统音乐的人的评价；第三、四、五、六段介绍为了唤醒人们对传统音乐的热爱，人们做了哪些创造性的事情；第七段收尾。故选B。
35．
推理判断题。根据“Traditional music shows the beauty of our culture, and with some creativity, great things happen.”可知，传统音乐展示了我们文化的美，再加一些创造力，伟大的事情发生了。推测作者认为有创意的传统音乐会更受欢迎，故选D。


（六十三）（2022·重庆B卷·中考真题）
The Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics was a great success. China has kept the promise to hold a green Olympics. Many green actions made it possible, like providing environmentally friendly smart beds, using new energy(能源) cars, supporting sporting places with 100% clean energy and reusing rain and snow water.
Take making ice as an example. China didn’t use R507, a common material to make ice, because it isn’t friendly enough to the environment. Through 18 months’ hard work, China independently developed the CO₂ direct cooling technology.
A net of tubes runs under the ice. High-pressure liquid(液态) CO₂ goes through them to create heat(热) exchange. The CO₂ evaporates(蒸发) under the ice surface. The evaporation takes in heat and turns water on the surface into ice. And the CO₂ goes into another circle. This technology helps to make ice better and faster. And above all, it is much greener because there’s no new CO₂ produced. Among all the 15 ice sporting places in the Winter Olympics, 7 used the CO₂ direct cooling technology to make ice. As a result, much less pollution was caused.
Beijing did so much more to save energy. Beijing built the new sporting places with green materials. As for the old ones, Beijing used new glass walls to take the place of traditional walls to let more natural light in. 70% of the waste heat was also reused to keep warm and dry. And a large number of new energy cars were used at the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics.
The Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics is the first to truly achieve carbon neutrality(碳中和), and it has set new standards in green technologies. Some newspapers say China has set an example for the world in environmental protection and green development.
36．How long did it take China to develop the CO₂ direct cooling technology?
A．18 months. B．100 weeks. C．15 days. D．7 years.
37．The writer writes Para. 3 to show ________.
A．why the CO₂ goes into another circle
B．how the new ice-making technology helped
C．how sporting places used the new technology
D．why the liquid CO₂ runs through the net of tubes
38．According to the passage, we can infer(推断) that ________.
A．all the buildings will be built with glass walls in the near future
B．the CO₂ direct cooling technology may be widely used in the world
C．the high-pressure liquid CO₂ will totally take the place of R507 soon
D．no new standards in green technologies may be set after the Olympics
39．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A．A New Green Ice-making Technology
B．Green Technologies Used in Sports
C．A Shared Future of Green Development
D．The Green Beijing Winter Olympics
【答案】36．A
37．B
38．B
39．D
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍北京2022年冬奥会实现了绿色奥运的承诺，以及中国自主研发出了二氧化碳直接冷却技术。
36．
细节理解题。根据“Through 18 months’ hard work, China independently developed the CO₂ direct cooling technology.”可知，历史18个月，中国自主研发出了二氧化碳直接冷却技术。故选A。
37．
段落大意题。分析第三段内容可知，本段主要是介绍二氧化碳直接冷却技术是如何运作来制冰的，故选B。
38．
推理判断题。根据“As a result, much less pollution was caused.”和“Some newspapers say China has set an example for the world in environmental protection and green development.”可知，造成的污染减少了，且一些报纸称，中国在环境保护和绿色发展方面为世界树立了榜样。由此推知， 二氧化碳直接冷却技术在世界范围内具有广泛的应用前景，故选B。
39．
最佳标题题。本文主要介绍北京2022年冬奥会实现了绿色奥运的承诺，以及中国自主研发出了二氧化碳直接冷却技术。选项D“绿色北京冬奥会”符合主题，故选D。